I met a problem with  (0xC0000005) by using below code, I saw this code in Duo Security source code, Duo can run this code successfully , but when I run this code it will fail with this code the same as them.  I tried to debug, seems it failed when *iter = '\0' happen.  #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h>  char * duo_split_at(char *s, char delimiter, unsigned int position) {     unsigned int count = 0;     char *iter = NULL;     char *result = s;      for (iter = s; *iter; iter++) {         if (*iter == delimiter) {             if (count < position) {                 result = iter + 1;                 count++;             }             *iter = '\0';         }     }      if (count < position) {         return NULL;     }      return result; }  int main() {     char* pw_gecos = "code1/code2/code3//textField/usergecosparsed";     const int delimited_position = 5;     char delimiter = '/';     char* user = NULL;     user = duo_split_at(pw_gecos, delimiter, delimited_position);     printf("%s",user);     return 0; }   Below code works perfectly by using getpwnam() to get user's gecos part:  #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <pwd.h>  char * duo_split_at( char *s, char delimiter, unsigned int position ) {     unsigned int    count   = 0;     char        *iter   = NULL;     char        *result = s;      for ( iter = s; *iter; iter++ )     {         if ( *iter == delimiter )         {             if ( count < position )             {                 result = iter + 1;                 count++;             }             *iter = '\0';         }     }      if ( count < position )     {         return(NULL);     }      return(result); }   int main() {     char        * user = "daijwei";     struct passwd   *pw;     if ( (pw = getpwnam( user ) ) == NULL )     {         printf( "error" );         return(-1);     }     const char      delimiter       = '/';     const unsigned int  delimited_position  = 5;     user = duo_split_at( pw->pw_gecos, delimiter, delimited_position );      printf( "%s\n%s\n", user, pw->pw_gecos );      return(0); }   But now new question came to me , I have downloaded the glibc from GNU website , try to find how getpwnam work , but I failed. Does anyone know how getpwnam work or the source code for it ?  I only find a file named by getpwnam.c but inside the file , I can't understand what is it.  #include <pwd.h>   #define LOOKUP_TYPE struct passwd #define FUNCTION_NAME   getpwnam #define DATABASE_NAME   passwd #define ADD_PARAMS  const char *name #define ADD_VARIABLES   name #define BUFLEN      NSS_BUFLEN_PASSWD  #include "../nss/getXXbyYY.c"

The following code receives seg fault on line 2:  char *str = "string"; str[0] = 'z';  // could be also written as *str = 'z' printf("%s\n", str);   While this works perfectly well:  char str[] = "string"; str[0] = 'z'; printf("%s\n", str);   Tested with MSVC and GCC.


If $T_1,T_2$ and $T_3$ be topologies on a set $X$ such that $T_1 \subset T_2 \subset T_3$ and  $(X,T_2)$ is a compact Hausdorff space.then   $T_1=T_2$, if $(X,T_1)$ is a Hausdorff space  $T_1=T_2$, if $(X,T_1)$ is a compact space  $T_2=T_3$, if$(X,T_3)$ is a Hausdorff space $T_2=T_3$, if $(X,T_3)$ is a compact space   I know that  a topological space is said to be compact if every open cover has a finite subcover and Hausdorff means distinct elements have disjoint open neighborhoods.  I can't understand how shall I solve it? Please help me. Thanks.

Let, $\tau_1, \tau_2,\tau_3$ be three topologies on a set $X$ such that $\tau_1 \subset\tau_2\subset\tau_3$ and $(X,\tau_2)$ be compact $T_2$ space. Then,   (A) $\tau_1=\tau_2$ , if $(X,\tau_1)$ is $T_2$.  (B) $\tau_1=\tau_2$ , if $(X,\tau_1)$ is compact.  (C) $\tau_1=\tau_3$ , if $(X,\tau_3)$ is $T_2$.  (D) $\tau_2=\tau_3$ , if $(X,\tau_3)$ is compact.     I only know that closed subspace of a compact space is compact and $T_2$-ness is a heriditary property. But I have no idea how it depends on topologies , whether the topologies are finer or coarser.   Please help...........


I have a simple python program and I want an executable version (for Ubuntu Linux) of this program to avoid running it in the terminal with python myprogram.py.  How can I do that ?

I just installed a linux system (Kubuntu) and was wondering if there is a program to make python programs executable for linux.


I'm having trouble enabling my hibernate feature. I have installed Ubuntu 12.04 LTS 64bit using Wubi on my Asus N53SN hybrid laptop ( Intel + Nvidia). After Updating through ubuntu Update manager AND turning off my Nvidia card using Bumblebee, I no longer have an issue with suspending (aka standby, right?) my laptop and the laptop fan running at the full speed all the time. Oh and I also installed Jupiter and have set it on power saver ( CPU temp= 48 centigerades. is it ok?). any ways, I thought these were important to know in order for my problem to be solved.  So when I tried to hibernate using uswsusp, it seemed like ubuntu was doing some things, the colorful screen went black with white texts, it didn't turn off; but everything went back to normal (but there were no sound/wireless problem). having a 8gb ram, I checked my swap size and I thought that I should increase it. I did that using this code that is available on the WubiGuide:  sudo su swapoff -a cd /host/ubuntu/disks/ mv swap.disk swap.disk.bak dd if=/dev/zero of=swap.disk bs=1024 count=2097152 mkswap swap.disk swapon -a free -mrm swap.disk.bak   (I thought 2gbs is ok since I won't have 2gb of applications running to take ram memory. maybe I am wrong here.) then, I try : sudo s2disk but I get:     s2disk: Could not use the resume device (try swapon -a). Reason: No such device   I do what he (!) asks, but nothing happens. I again try to run s2disk, but I get the same error.  can you help me out? I think since I have no trouble with with suspend then I am just one step away from having hibernate.  EDIT: I came across this question   I didn't think that this would interfere. So there is no way to hibernate with a swab FILE?

I installed Ubuntu on my Windows 7 Sager laptop using Wubi. Hibernate (i.e. suspend to disc) is not an option from the power icon, only suspend, shutdown, etc. Hibernate is also not an option from my battery/lid close options. I understand that hibernation is disabled by default in Ubuntu 12.04. I tried running pm-hibernate but I get the following message:  Looking for splash system... none  s2disk: Snapshotting system   and then the computer just hangs with a black screen. According to the documentation  if this fails then I can't enable hibernate but it offers no help in making pm-hibernate succeed.  Could swap be my problem? It looks like I have very small swap:  user@ubuntu:~$ cat /proc/swaps Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority /host/ubuntu/disks/swap.disk            file        262140  0   -1   The advice on  is only for the author's set up (e.g. I don't have an Ubuntu install disk since I used Wubi) and he says that 'INFO: This will not work for 12.04, resume from hibernate work differently in 12.04.'  Any advice? I really need to get hibernate working to use my laptop as a, er, laptop.  Thanks


First of all, I'm actually making a fictional race track mod for a racing simulator, and I already finished the main terrain modelisation and now I'm having some other issues.  One of them is: How to make a separate object respect (snap to) the elevation of the terrain?    Like the screen shot above, I started to make circuit fences using the array modifier, but the pieces of the fence don't automatically match the terrain. Some constrains may help, but they seem to only be useful in specific situations with simple objects. Is there a easier solution to make the objects match the terrain elevations?

in Blender 3D, is there any function like 'Flow along surface' in Rhino 3D? I know the 'move along curve'. but it's modifying a mesh according to curved line.  I need to deform some meshes along irregualar terrain. I never used Rhino though, I think 'Flow along surface'in Rhino is what I'm looking for.  Can I find that kind of thing in Blender?


I can't seem to make bullet point lists or numbered lists from selected content:    Selecting text and clicking the editor's icons for lists mashes text together. I looked for similar questions but couldn't find any.

Let's say I write up a bunch of rows and decide I want to make it a list:  Item 1 Another Item Something Else   When I mark each line and click the "List" button (doesn't matter which one), the Editor takes all three rows and makes one list item out of them, ignoring the line-breaks.  The output will simply be:  - Item 1 Another Item Something Else   It would be far more useful and less buggy if it would instead create one list item for each line:  - Item 1 - Another Item - Something Else


Does the Entry Data in a Journey stay the same value throughout the Journey if it changes in Salescloud? My Marketing Cloud Instance is connected to Salecloud via the Marketing Cloud Connector.   I have a Journey that starts with the Entry of the creation of a new record in a custom object using the Salesforce Data option. We have selected several fields to be used in the Journey as Entry Data.  My question is if the journey lasts 30 days and the value of this field changes in Salescloud during that 30 days, will the value be reflected in the journey or does the value stay the same throughout the entire journey?

I am creating a JB with an engagement split. What is the difference between Contact Data and Journey Data. ie what will I see listed in the two groupings. If I choose the journey data will this only be as up to date as the time that the data entered the Journey?


I'm using Ubuntu 20.04.1 on Raspberry Pi 4 with 8GB RAM. After setting up the server and installing the ubuntu-desktop can't access wifi.  Does anyone have any idea how to resolve this issue?

I have just installed Ubuntu 18.04 LTS from  using Ethernet/cable. Then I have installed MATE desktop to it by sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-desktop^. But the NetworkManager tray icon/nm-applet says that Ehernet Network — device not managed: What is the simplest method to setup the system to use NetworkManager back?  Note: please do not close this as duplicate - I need complete reproducible solution in one place.


Is it bad UX to make rounded button and squared text box, and which is the best to do?

The question of the usability of rounded corners versus square corners has already be answered here.  My question revolves more about the consequence of having them intermingled.  I've heard some people espouse the idea that once you go down a rounded corners path, your design should really stick to that approach rather then, for example, having a square box inside a rounded one.  Is this simply aesthetic or is there some usability concern to back it up (e.g. cognitive switch from a softer less threatening to something more jarring)?  I would be very interested in any research that attempts to answer this question.


In Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, Liz Swann was taken captive along with her crew members after being made Captain and a Pirate Lord by a dying Sao Feng. A redeemed James Norrington is among those who imprisoned her, but after some soul-searching, he releases them.  Liz is about to escape when Bootstrap Bill tries to stop them. And Norrington says something about 'their destinies have been entwined, but never joined' and faces Bootstrap. Rather than let Liz be re-captured, he shoots the rope she's hanging from, drops her in the sea and gets himself skewered.  Why?  He had both his sword and his gun out, and pointing at Bootstrap, but he uses the gun on the rope, and the sword, not at all. He could have just shot Bootstrap, pulled himself onto the rope, then used the sword to cut it. Even if he didn't want to hurt Bootstrap, he could've shot him in the leg or something.  Or he didn't even need to shoot. Climb up to the rope and cut it and follow Liz down. From how Bootstrap was acting, it didn't seem likely he'd have jumped off after them, or had the presence of mind to grab the rope (in which case, just cut it again). And it couldn't be that he couldn't reach the rope: Liz just hopped up and grabbed it, and she's a lot shorter than him.  It was really convenient, I guess, giving Norrington an honourable way to die, to break the love triangle and leave Liz for Will, but still... Did he really mean to get himself killed?


Does anybody know, if it is possible to see features' vertices (or all) when you are not in editing mode?

Is there such a thing as a line/vertices symbology? If not a workaround? In some situations, particularly when editing, I would like to see my lines as well as all the vertices similar to the effect I get when using the Edit Vertices tool but on all features in the feature class not just the selected feature.  The solution should be dynamic, without having to create a separate point layer but having one line features class loaded twice in the TOC is acceptable.  Programmatic solution using an example (addin, ArcObjects & VB.Net) is acceptable.  I have the ArcEditor license in case there is a trick to use with representations.


How do you remove tables/table views from the table of contents (TOC) in the map document?   I've written code that cleans things up after each tool run, but I cannot figure out how to get rid of the tables. The most I've been able to do is delete them from the geodatabase, but then they just remain in the TOC with broken connections:  # --------------------------------------------------------------- # Clean up the gdb & map docoument from previous script executions # --------------------------------------------------------------- goodFCs = ["NYC_Subway_Stations", "NYC_2010_CensusBlocks_BasicDemographics", "NYC_Borough_Boundaries"]  mxd = arcpy.mapping.MapDocument("CURRENT") for df in arcpy.mapping.ListDataFrames(mxd):     for lyr in arcpy.mapping.ListLayers(mxd, "", df):         if lyr.name not in goodFCs:             arcpy.mapping.RemoveLayer(df, lyr)     for tbl in arcpy.mapping.ListTableViews(mxd):         arcpy.Delete_management(tbl) mxd.save()  allFcs = arcpy.ListFeatureClasses() for fc in allFcs:     if fc not in goodFCs:            arcpy.Delete_management(fc)     else:         pass   Image 1: Once it's run a second (or third or fifth, etc.) time, my script will successfully remove the map layers highlighted in yellow, but not the tables inside the red box:    Image 2: After the second script run, yellow map layers will have been successfully replaced with new yellow map layers, but the old tables will remain with broken links. I want to get rid of them completely:     I'm aware that I don't have any code written to remove the tables, but that's because I don't know what code to write. Tables aren't inside of the dataframe so I can't use arcpy.mapping.RemoveLayer(), which takes a dataframe as its first required parameter...

I'm trying to remove a certain Table (xlsx-File) from some MXD-Files using python, but I can't finguring out how.   I tried the code sniplet for removing:  import arcpy, os from arcpy import env  arcpy.env.workspace = 'V:/Projects/ZEL'  mxd =arcpy.mapping.MapDocument('V:/Projects/ZEL/test04.mxd')  df=arcpy.mapping.ListDataFrames(mxd, 'u')[0]  for lyr in arcpy.mapping.ListLayers(mxd, '', df):     if lyr.name.lower()=='header_vorlage$':         if lyr.dataSource == 'V:\Projects\ZEL\SHP\Daten_111004\ZEL_LB_Tabelle_V3_2010_2030.xlsx':             arcpy.mapping.RemoveLayer(df, lyr)   mxd.saveACopy('pt.mxd')  print 'fertig'  del mxd   It works, but when I open the new created 'pt.mxd' there is still the symbol of the xlsx-Table with an '!' and you have the option to fix the datasource, because I have removed the path, but not the table...  I hope its not too confusing :)  My question is: Is there a way to remove a xlsx-Sheet from MXD-File without opening?


Hi I have an IT consultancy that been up on Google for the last year or more that was indexed with no issues. Just a few weeks ago Google removed the site from their index and there seems to be no reasons why it now does not appear.   Search console doesn't show any manual actions or security issues, and URL inspection is showing that it is indexed and everything should be fine.  I recently tried hiring an SEO company to help me and their only advice was to rebrand my company and change domain to a new one,  which I thought was unacceptable.  Can anyone give me some advice or some tips to how I can resolve this?

This is a general, community wiki  question and answer pair intended to address any questions   concerning the reasons a site or specific site contents do not appear   in search engine results.      If your question was closed as a duplicate of this question and you   feel that the information provided here does not provide a sufficient   answer, please open a discussion on .   My site (or specific pages on my site) is not appearing in search engine results.  Why isn't my content indexed and what can I do about it?


I want to practise hindi typing,  I have installed hindi fonts how ever when selecting fonts and trying to type in Hindi I get only English words following are snapshots You can see I have selected hindi font   and image below will show that when I type I only get English words    I have also tried creating a .fonts.conf file in my $HOME directory as per instructions here   but it did not helped. What can I do, I need to practise typing as we do with English Keyboards so I do not want to go for phonetic kind of typing styles, plain typewriter kind of typing.I am on Ubuntu 12.04

I am looking for a step by step method for enabling write in indian languages (hindi and gujarati) in Ubuntu applications (browser, LibreOffice, Pidgin etc..).  Could anyone please provide me a method for beginner to do it or simply direct me to the one if you know?


I Use the Metadata API to read, analyze, edit and create/update  reports.  I noticed that the field names (when specifying columns, filters, and groupings) which are returned when reading are not always the same names, and seem to depend upon Report Type.  Suppose I create a simple report on accounts,   and I only return two columns, Account owner and Account Name.   If I chose standard system-generated "Accounts" report types when creating this report, then upon reading it in the metadata API the column names are  ACCOUNT.NAME, USERS.NAME  If I chose custom report type which I created manually, then the column names are (These seem to be the API names)  Account.Name, Account.Owner.Name If I choose a system-generated report type where account is not the main object, for example "Activities with Account" I get the following column names:  ACCOUNT.NAME, ACCOUNT_OWNER_NAME   This happens with other (not custom) columkn as well. Maybe there are even more possible column names for the same column in different report types, I don't know...  How to know when to use which names? Also, Is there a way I read the other (besides API, option 2) column names programmatically? Can't find these names in the describe when using Partner or REST API.

If you look at the metadata for a related list in a page layout, you might see something like this:    <relatedLists>     <fields>Nopulous_Gateway__c</fields>     <fields>Status__c</fields>     <fields>Surripedous_Lair__c</fields>     <fields>Contact__c</fields>     <relatedList>Slomonious_Regency__c.Flubops__c</relatedList> </relatedLists>   However, if you are using a standard object, some objects and fields will be in all-caps and will not reflect their API Names:  <relatedLists>     <fields>TASK.SUBJECT</fields>     <fields>TASK.WHO_NAME</fields>     <fields>TASK.WHAT_NAME</fields>     <fields>ACTIVITY.TASK</fields>     <fields>TASK.DUE_DATE</fields>     <fields>TASK.STATUS</fields>     <fields>TASK.PRIORITY</fields>     <fields>CORE.USERS.FULL_NAME</fields>     <relatedList>RelatedActivityList</relatedList> </relatedLists>   You see these same all-caps names used in report metadata.  Where are these all-caps names documented?  If nowhere, what are the all-caps names that I can expect to see?


I'm trying to say something like  "X has something to do with Y (which I don't know what it is)".  Clearly, the expression in the parenthesis is awkward here. I'm trying to parenthetically modify the sentence by stating that I have no idea what Y is. I guess a less awkward way to say would be  "X has something to do with Y (which I've never encountered before)".   However, this does not exactly have the same meaning as what I'm trying to say. I'm trying to say that I have no idea what Y is. Anyone know a less awkward way to say this, while maintaining that original meaning exactly?

"Give him a box that everyone knows what it contains."  Is this correct English? It sounds wrong to me.


Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter (rev 01) Kernel :Linux Inspiron-3521 5.0.0-21-generic  I am using Dell Inspiron 3521 and it has Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter, recently switched to Ubuntu 19.04 from Windows 10. I am getting very weak signal strength and wifi connection is not stable it frequently disconnects, however in Windows 10 it was working perfectly.  Please help me resolve the issue.

I recently bought a new computer that has an Atheros AR9485 wireless NIC. So far it has been working ok except this one issue: Randomly (as far as I can tell) it will completely lose the internet connection. The indicator in the top panel will still say we are connected but the machine has no internet connectivity whatsoever.    I've been able to get it working again by simply disconnecting from my wireless AP and then reconnecting, but this is annoying. Is there anything I can do to make the connection more stable?    I have tried passing the nohwcrypt=1 to the driver, but that made it impossible to connect to any AP, it just infinity attempted to connect.  sudo modprobe -rfv ath9k sudo modprobe -v ath9k nohwcrypt=1   I've also tried upgrading my kernel to Linux 4.0 but the problem persists.    Exact chip:  02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Qualcomm Atheros AR9485 Wireless Network Adapter [168c:0032] (rev 01)     Driver:    $ ls /sys/class/net/wlan0/device/driver/module/drivers pci:ath9k  platform:ath9k     and lsmod:  user@host:~$ lsmod | grep -e ath -e ndis ath3k                  20480  0  bluetooth             491520  9 bnep,ath3k,btusb ath9k                 147456  0  ath9k_common           32768  1 ath9k ath9k_hw              458752  2 ath9k_common,ath9k ath                    32768  3 ath9k_common,ath9k,ath9k_hw mac80211              724992  1 ath9k cfg80211              540672  4 ath,ath9k_common,ath9k,mac80211    output from wireless script:    I'm running Ubuntu 15.04 on Linux 4.0.0-040000-generic on a Lenovo G510.   I'm wondering now if I could possibly have anything to do with my wireless mouse, which also operates on 2.4GHz..


Using the code below, how can I use the DataContractJsonSerializer to convert the resultant list to JSON?  ETA: I have seen several extension methods to generically JSON-ize objects, but I'm not sure what type to use, as this is an anonymous type.  <Product> products = GetProductList();  var orderGroups =  from p in products  group p by p.Category into g  select new { Category = g.Key, Products = g };   Thanks!

I'm attempting to use the following code to serialize an anonymous type to JSON:  var serializer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(thing.GetType()); var ms = new MemoryStream(); serializer.WriteObject(ms, thing); var json = Encoding.Default.GetString(ms.ToArray());    However, I get the following exception when this is executed:     Type   '<>f__AnonymousType1`3[System.Int32,System.Int32,System.Object[]]'   cannot be serialized. Consider marking   it with the DataContractAttribute   attribute, and marking all of its   members you want serialized with the   DataMemberAttribute attribute.  See   the Microsoft .NET Framework   documentation for other supported   types.   I can't apply attributes to an anonymous type (as far as I know).  Is there another way to do this serialization or am I missing something?


I am currently trying to figure out how to replace the dot by a colon after volume if * the bibliography entry is a book AND * the volume nr is directly followed by series  So instead of      Bd. 10.   I'd like it to be     Bd. 10:   In case the entry holds no series, it should still show the dot instead of a colon (like it is currently).  In case of articles it should stay as it is (see Hijiya-Kirschnereit).  MWE  \documentclass{scrreprt} \usepackage[onehalfspacing]{setspace} \usepackage[main=ngerman, english]{babel} %---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %   BIB %----------------------------------------------------------------------------   \usepackage[     backend=biber,     style=authoryear,     sorting=nyvt   ]{biblatex} \renewcommand{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\textsc{#1}} \renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{\addcolon\space} \DeclareFieldFormat{postnote}{#1} \DeclareFieldFormat{multipostnote}{#1} \renewcommand\postnotedelim{\addcolon\addspace} \DeclareFieldFormat   [article,inbook,incollection,inproceedings,patent,thesis,unpublished]   {title}{#1\isdot} % sets Volume, Number, Id \newcommand*{\volnumdelim}{\addcomma\space} \renewbibmacro*{volume+number+eid}{%   \printfield{volume}%   \setunit*{\volnumdelim}%   \printfield{number}%   \setunit{\addcomma\space}%   \printfield{eid}} \renewcommand\postnotedelim{\addcolon\space} \DeclareFieldFormat{postnote}{#1} \DeclareFieldFormat{multipostnote}{#1} \usepackage{url} \urlstyle{same}  % italic series \DeclareFieldFormat[book,inbook,incollection,collection]{series}{\mkbibemph{#1}} \renewbibmacro*{series+number}{%   \ifboolexpr{not test {\iffieldundef{series}} and not test {\iffieldundef{number}}}     {\printtext[parens]{%       \printtext{=\addspace}%       \printfield{series}%       \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%       \printfield{number}%       \printtext{\addperiod}}       \nopunct}     {\printfield{series}%      \setunit*{\addcomma\space}%      \printfield{number}      \newunit}}  \begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib}  @book{Doi.1978,     author = {Doi, Yutaka and Sano, Tetsuji and Tanaka, Itsuo},     year = {1978},     title = {Senkyo seido},     titleaddon = {Das Wahlsystem},     keywords = {Election law;Local elections},     volume = {10},     publisher = {Gy{\^o}sei},     location = {T{\^o}ky{\^o}},     series = {Gendai chih{\^o} jichi zensh{\^u}},     abstract = {}, }  @article{HijiyaKirschnereit.2009,  author = {Hijiya-Kirschnereit, Irmela},  year = {2009},  title = {Rezension: Reading Food in Modern Japanese Literature.},  journaltitle= {Monumenta Nipponica},  pages = {415--418},  pagination = {page},  volume = {64},  subtitle = {By Tomoko Aoyama},  number = {2},  abstract = {}, }     @book{Ito.1978,     author = {Itō, Masami},     year = {1978},     title = {Broadcasting in Japan},     keywords = {Broadcasting   Japan},     volume = {7},     publisher = {{Routledge and Kegan Paul [for] the International Institute of Communications}},     location = {London},     series = {Case studies on broadcasting systems},     abstract = {} }  \end{filecontents*} \addbibresource{\jobname.bib} %---------------------------------------------------------------------------- %   MAIN %---------------------------------------------------------------------------- \begin{document} \nocite{*} \printbibliography[heading=bibintoc,title={Literaturverzeichnis}]  \end{document}   Hope someone might have an idea :) Best!

I get different formatting with different bib sources (like article, book), but none of them are correct in their current state.  So in books it shows the vol as Bd., however neither vol. nor Bd. nor any preceeding name should be visible. In articles it does not show Bd. or vol. however it separates the numbers by period:       3.2, S. 1-2   I'd like it to be like this     3, 2, S. 1-2   Examples:  @book{Doi.1978,  author = {Doi, Yutaka and Sano, Tetsuji and Tanaka, Itsuo},  year = {1978},  title = {Senkyo seido},  titleaddon = {[Das Wahlsystem]},  keywords = {Election law;Local elections},  volume = {10},  publisher = {Gy{\^o}sei},  location = {T{\^o}ky{\^o}},  series = {Gendai chih{\^o} jichi zensh{\^u}},  abstract = {}, }  @article{McMaster.1963,  author = {McMaster, John},  year = {1963},  title = {The Takashima Mine},  pages = {215--239},  pagination = {page},  volume = {38},  subtitle = {British Capital and Japanese Industrialization},  journaltitle = {Business History Review},  number = {3},  abstract = {} }   Do you know how to fix that?       \usepackage[     backend=biber,     style=authoryear,     sorting=nyvt   ]{biblatex}   \addbibresource{backmatter/sample.bib} \renewcommand{\mkbibnamefamily}[1]{\textsc{#1}} \renewcommand{\labelnamepunct}{\addcolon\space} \DeclareFieldFormat{postnote}{#1} \DeclareFieldFormat{multipostnote}{#1} \renewcommand\postnotedelim{\addcolon\addspace} \usepackage{url} \urlstyle{same}   -> Also I found quotation marks in article titles, which should not be there (it is correct that they are NOT italic though)  Thank you!


While dealing with a question about a prime ideal $I\subset\mathbb{Z}[x]$ (with $0$ as the only constant polynomial in $I$) I was asked to show that there exists $f(x)\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$ such that $I=\left<f(x)\right>$ and got stuck.   How do I know that some ideal is generated by only one element?  What have i tried:  i) Looked at $I$ and tried to adapt the proof that integers is a principal ideal domain and and so as $I$ is an ideal of itself I'd be done, but no success.  ii) Ignored one operation and tried to see I as a subgroup, but that was a rather unsuccessful strategy.  I appreciate any hints and book references where i can find proper explanations.

Let $R$ be an integrally closed domain. Let $P$ be a prime ideal of $R[x]$ with the property that $P\cap R=\left\{ 0\right\} $ and $P$ contains a monic polynomial. Prove that $P$ is principal.   Help me a hint to prove.  Thank for any insight.


I want to re-tile my laundry room. The existing linoleum tile is glued directly to the concrete slab with some sort of black adhesive.   I don't want to pull up the old tile. If I put down backerboard and lay ceramic penny tile over it, will I have problems with the new tile cracking?  Additional Info: The original linoleum tile is asbestos and that's why I don't want to pull it up unless it's absolutely necessary.

In my laundry room, I've got asbestos floor tile. (The house was built in 1967.) The tile is laid on the concrete slab. Is it possible to lay ceramic penny tile over the asbestos tile if I put down cement backerboard first? I'd like to avoid pulling up the asbestos tile.


I'm trying to add a spinner in a fragment that's created at run time. I keep getting a crash with  java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Spinner.setAdapter(android.widget.SpinnerAdapter)' on a null object reference   Im using a very simple code and I suspect its the Context that I'm not getting right. Following is my Fragment code    @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {     View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.frag_devices,container,false);      spinner_device_settings = (Spinner) view.findViewById(R.id.spinner_device_settings);     spinnerItemsArray = new ArrayList<>();      String dev_settings = "12,15,19,26,23"; // this is hard coded temporarily      String[] devsettarray = dev_settings.split(",");      for (String sett : devsettarray){      Log.d("log", "onCreateView: " + sett); //i get the proper values here, separately.         spinnerItemsArray.add(sett);     }      ArrayAdapter<String> spinnerAdapter =  new ArrayAdapter<>(inflater.getContext(),android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,spinnerItemsArray);     spinnerAdapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item);      spinner_device_settings.setAdapter(spinnerAdapter); // error is thrown on this line      return view; }   This is not a 'Null Pointer Exception' issues but more about adding data and using contexts in a fragment.

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


This seems intuitively obvious, but I'm struggling with showing it explicitly. My attempt is to shatter $\lvert Z\rvert \in  B$ over the possible outcomes of $\mathrm{Sgn}(Z)$. It goes something like:  Let $B$ be a Borel set.  $$P(\lvert Z\rvert \in  B)= P(\lvert Z\rvert \in  B\mid \mathrm{Sgn}(Z)=1)P(\mathrm{Sgn}(Z)=1) + P(\lvert Z\rvert \in B\mid \mathrm{Sgn}(Z)=-1)P(\mathrm{Sgn}(Z)=-1)$$  I know $P(\mathrm{sgn}(Z)=1)=P(\mathrm{sgn}(Z)=-1) = 1/2$ and that combined with the symmetry of $Z$ leads to the result I want, but only for $\mathrm{Sgn}(Z)= \pm 1$.  Am I even close with this approach? Thanks in advance.

Let $X$ be a real valued random variable.  Let $\operatorname{sgn}(x)$ be $1$ when $x>0$, $-1$ when $x<0$ and $0$ when $x=0$.  Why  are $|X|$ and $\operatorname{sgn}(X)$ independent, when the density function of $X$ is symmetric with respect to $0$?  Are $|X|$ and $\operatorname{sgn}(X)$ independent, when the density function of $X$ is not necessarily symmetric with respect to $0$?  Thanks!


Let $$f(x) = x^\top Q \, x$$ be a quadratic form, where $Q \in \mathbb R^{n×n}$ is NOT symmetric. Show that the Hessian matrix is $$H_f (x) = Q + Q^\top$$ Hint: $x^\top Q \, x = x^\top Q^\top x.$   If $Q$ is symmetric I know that $\nabla f(x) = 2 Q x$ and $H_f(x) = 2 Q$. However, I am not sure as to what I should do when Q is not symmetric. Also, the hint is somewhat misleading to me as it makes it appear that $Q$ is symmetric. Help would be really appreciated!

It's stated that the gradient of:  $$\frac{1}{2}x^TAx - b^Tx +c$$  is   $$\frac{1}{2}A^Tx + \frac{1}{2}Ax - b$$  How do you grind out this equation? Or specifically, how do you get from $x^TAx$ to $A^Tx + Ax$?


I tried to install R on my Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. However, I have errors that I can not solve for several hours. I first tried to install the bionic version and after the xenial version. Both methods produced the same errors. I do not know which one to use, it's confusing for me. I followed this procedure to install it.  sudo echo "deb http://cran.rstudio.com/bin/linux/ubuntu xenial/" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list  gpg --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-key E084DAB9 gpg -a --export E084DAB9 | sudo apt-key add - sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install r-base r-base-dev   When I execute sudo apt-get install r-base r-base-dev, I get the following errors :   sudo apt install r-base r-base-dev Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation:  The following packages have unmet dependencies:  r-base : Depends: r-base-core (>= 3.5.2-1bionic) but it is not going to be installed           Depends: r-recommended (= 3.5.2-1bionic) but it is not going to be installed           Recommends: r-base-html but it is not going to be installed  r-base-dev : Depends: r-base-core (>= 3.5.2-1bionic) but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.  I have tried several solutions on different topics but they have no effect on the problem.  Thank you in advance for your help.

After upgrading from 10.04 to 12.04 I am trying to install different packages.  For instance ia32-libs and skype (4.0).  When trying to install these, I am getting the 'Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages' error message.   Output of commands:  sudo apt-get install -f Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.   After running this:  sudo dpkg --configure -a foo@foo:~$ sudo apt-get install -f Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.


I'm new to templates so maybe this is a trivial thing but I cannot get it to work. I'm trying to get partial specialization of a class member function. The shortest code would be:  template <typename T, int nValue> class Object{ private:     T m_t;     Object(); public:     Object(T t): m_t(t) {}     T Get() { return m_t; }      Object& Deform(){          m_t*=nValue;          return *this;     } };  template <typename T> Object<T,0>& Object<T,0>::Deform(){     this->m_t = -1;     return *this; }  int main(){     Object<int,7> nObj(1);     nObj.Deform();     std::cout<<nObj.Get(); }   I tried with nonmember functions and that's worked fine. What also works fine is full specialization of a member function.  But, whenever I try with partial spec. of a member function I get error of the form:   PartialSpecification_MemberFu.cpp(17): error: template argument list must match the parameter list Object<T,0>& Object<T,0>::Deform().   Would appreciate any help :-)

The following code:  template <typename S, typename T> struct foo {    void bar(); };  template <typename T> void foo <int, T>::bar() { }   gives me the error  invalid use of incomplete type 'struct foo<int, T>' declaration of 'struct foo<int, T>'   (I'm using gcc.) Is my syntax for partial specialization wrong? Note that if I remove the second argument:  template <typename S> struct foo {    void bar(); };  template <> void foo <int>::bar() { }   then it compiles correctly.


I'm looking for the best word to convey a panther's forward crouching/slinking motion when it is sneaking up on it's victim.   By "best", I mean moving stealthily forward while crouching low and silent, ready to spring at any moment, tension held back, foreboding, graceful, poetic, beautiful, yet terrible.   I'm working on a poem in which this word is key. I once knew the word but it now escapes me. No synonyms in any thesaurus suggest the word I knew/forgot. These are the words I've already considered and rejected: avoid, bypass, conceal oneself, crawl, creep, crouch, dodge, elude, evade, glide, go furtively, go stealthily, hide, lie in wait, lurk, pad, pass quietly, prowl, pussyfoot, shirk, sidle, sidestep, skulk, slack, slide, slink, slip, slither, sly, snake, sneak, snoop, steal, and tiptoe. There are more but I tired of writing them all.  I know that I should be asking something that lends itself to being answered and not something that elicits discussion.   The other question mostly duplicates my question, except perhaps for my poetic criterion, but none of the responses to my question or the other one are the one I'm searching for. I'm afraid I've reached the point of diminishing returns.  Sorry for troubling you.

Some animals like tigers, lions, cats, etc do this action before attacking their prey suddenly and unexpectedly. In fact they seem waiting insidiously (?) until the appropriate moment for attacking and (usually) the poor prey is not aware of their presence.  What is the verb, phrase, or idiom for describing this action/ state?  I have found  but I don't know wether it can be used for animals or not.


I'm looking at the  but could not understand why it is there at all.    From my point of view, this circuit enables open-collector outputs, but makes programming dependent on the time between switching the DTR and RTS pins being smaller than the ESP goes from reset to sampling the GPIO0 level.  Another reason I could imagine was to avoid invalid startup/connection resets, but I can't see why proper pulling couldn't fix this.  Is there any reasoning I couldn't see from my analysis? Why isn't DTR/CTS connected directly with one transistor on each line? Why controlling each line directly (and thus allowing to switch GPIO0 low before resetting without glitches) wouldn't be better?  EDIT: while the question is about the same structure shown in , I understand it's function and know it's not a flip-flop (no need to redraw it). What I'd like to do is know why was it chosen instead of a much simpler open collector configuration like the one below, specially since this one doesn't generate a glitch in the transition between the two programming states (from reset to/from GPIO0=0).

What does this circuit do?  It looks a little bit like a flip-flop to me, but it doesn't exactly match the circuit for an SR flip-flop .  Is this just a different way to implement an SR flip-flop, or is it something else entirely?  Thanks!  Edit: To clarify, DTR and RTS in this circuit are both 3.3V level signals, not RS-232 level signals.  This circuit comes from .  (So, DTR and RTS are coming from the CP2104 USB-to-serial converter chip.)


Suppose $f$ is entire and, for some rectangle $R$, $f(R)$ is a rectangle. Prove $f$ is linear.    I have tried some ways,   Let the first rectangle be $R_1$ and the second one be $R_2$. $ f : R_1 \longmapsto R_2 $  And, I construct one linear map $h_1 : R_1 \longmapsto S_1$, $S_1$ is a unit square. Similarly a $h_2 : R_2 \longmapsto S_2$.  At the beginning, I want to say there should be a identical map $I : S_1 \longmapsto S_2$, but I failed. Second, I want to use extended Liouville's Theorem to say there is a linear mapping between $S_1$, $S_2$, it doesn't satisfy the requirement of the theorem.   Since the map, say $h$, satisfying $|h(z)| \leq |z| + \sqrt{2} $.  What should I try? How to construct a linear map between $S_1$ and $S_2$ ?

The problem is in the subject line, I have it for homework. $f$ is a complex valued function. For completeness:     Prove that if $f$ is an entire function and for some rectangle $R$, the image $f(R)$ is also a rectangle, then $f$ is linear.    The composition of linear maps is linear, so we can choose the two rectangles to have two edges coinciding with the real and imaginary axes, and their common vertex at the origin. So as a portion of the real line gets mapped to itself, we can take $f$ to be the analytic continuation of a real function. Then I'm stuck.  This question is confusing me. It's well known from the Riemann mapping theorem that there exists many holomorphic functions taking any rectangle to any other given rectangle. But if $f$ is linear, then the two rectangles must be similar. So the added restraint of $f$ being entire seems to be causing this hassle. Thoughts?


Hello Stackoverflow community,  I'm doing an assignment for my algorithm class. We should implement a quicksort algorithm which uses as pivot a random element of the array. I tried to implement this with Random and Math, but in both cases I get an exception when I'm trying to print the field in the method printField. Where am I doing something wrong? I'm guessing I am having a problem with the recursive use of the method, but I don't know.  This is my code:   public static void quickSort(int[] field, int left, int right) {             if (field== null || field.length == 0)         return;      if (left >= right)         return;          // pick the pivot         int middle = left + (right - left) / 2;         int pivot;         if(field.length>1){         pivot = ((int) Math.random()) % field.length;         pivot = field[pivot];}         else         {             pivot = field[0];         }         //int pivot = field[middle];          // make left < pivot and right > pivot         int i = left, j = right;         while (i <= j) {             while (field[i] < pivot) {                 i++;             }              while (field[j] > pivot) {                 j--;             }              if (i <= j) {                 int temp = field[i];                 field[i] = field[j];                 field[j] = temp;                 i++;                 j--;                 }                  printField(field);                 System.out.println("");             }              // recursively sort two sub parts             if (left < j)                 quickSort(field, left, j);              if (right > i)                 quickSort(field, i, right);     }     //--EDIT-- //printField method  public static void printField (int[] field)         {             for(int i = 0; i<field.length; i++)             {                 System.out.print(""+field[i]);                 if(i!=field.length-1)                 {                     System.out.print(", ");                 }                 else                 {                     System.out.print(";");                 }             }     }     Thank you already for your help!  Have a nice day! Molly    Edit: 1)This is the exception I get:  2)In the code quotation there is now my implementation of the method printField()

What is a StackOverflowError, what causes it, and how should I deal with them?


Is there a way to use a TikZ image as a label of enumerate?  Can I use something like the snippet below as a "styled enumeration"?  \newcommand\custlabel[1]{ \begin{tikzpicture}     \node[circle, fill=blue] (A) {#1}; \end{tikzpicture} }

This question led to a new package:      I'm trying to make some good-looking numbers in a circle, using the simple command:  \textcircled{1}   However, the circle is misaligned vertically with the number, and look a bit sloppy:    Any suggestions how can I adjust the vertical alignment so that the numbers look more centered w.r.t to the circles? Or, if that's not an option, what other ways to achieve the same results are possible?  I will use those only for numbers, and in very few places, so manual adjustment per glyph is an option.  I'm using pdfLaTeX with Computer Modern, if that matters.


How to find the sum of this series ?  $$\sum_{n=1}^∞ \Big(\frac{4}{9}\Big)^n $$    In General,   Does the series $\sum_{n=1}^∞ k^n$ , where $k$ is a random real number, have the finite sum ?

Why does the following hold:  \begin{equation*} \displaystyle \sum\limits_{n=0}^{\infty} 0.7^n=\frac{1}{1-0.7} = 10/3\quad ? \end{equation*}  Can we generalize the above to      $\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{\infty} x^n = \frac{1}{1-x}$ ?   Are there some values of $x$ for which the above formula is invalid?  What about if we take only a finite number of terms? Is there a simpler formula?     $\displaystyle \sum_{n=0}^{N} x^n$   Is there a name for such a sequence?    This is being repurposed in an effort to cut down on duplicates, see here: Coping with  duplicate questions.  and here: .


I'm doing a presentation in beamer and would like to justify some text as one does in LibreOffice Writer or Word, cause I don't like how it looks aligned to the left. Is there a command that does the trick?

I like to justify the texts inside the block using beamer. I cant do that in presentation. Can any one please help me?


How to give a combinatorial proof from   $$\sum_{i=1}^n {n\choose i}^2={2n\choose n}$$  I have tried to give an argument with 2n set elements colored red but i got stuck on this Thanks in advance

I was hoping to find a more "mathematical" proof, instead of proving logically $\displaystyle \sum_{k = 0}^n {n \choose k}^2= {2n \choose n}$.  I already know the logical Proof:  $${n \choose k}^2 = {n \choose k}{ n \choose n-k}$$  Hence summation can be expressed as:  $$\binom{n}{0}\binom{n}{n} + \binom{n}{1}\binom{n}{n-1} + \cdots + \binom{n}{n}\binom{n}{0}$$  One can think of it as choosing $n$ people from a group of $2n$  (imagine dividing a group of $2n$ into $2$ groups of $n$ people each. I can get $k$ people from group $1$ and another $n-k$ people from group $2$. We do this from $k = 0$ to $n$.


When one wants to express wishes about the present, future or generally how it should be done. For example how should I say that it would be better to study history of fashion instead of biology: Which one is correct way to saying that?     I wish I was studying story of fashion instead of biology!      I wish I had studied story of fashion instead of biology!

I am confused a little bit about the meaning difference between these two phrases:     I wish I was there.      I wish I had been there.   Could you explain about it?


I thought  I knew how to solve this kind of problems, but I really don't know how to start...

Give an $\varepsilon-\delta$ proof using the “$\delta\leq 1 $ trick” to prove that $\lim_{x\rightarrow c} (2x^ 2 − 3x + 4) = 2c ^2 − 3c + 4$.   My attempt: Let $ε>0$ and there exist $\delta>0$ such that whenever $|x-c|<δ$,  $$|2x^ 2 − 3x + 4-(2c ^2 − 3c + 4)|<ε$$  $$\implies |2x^2-2c^2-3x+3c|<ε$$  $$\implies 2|x^2-c^2|-3|x-c|<ε$$  $$\implies 2|x-c||x+c|-3|x-c|<ε$$  $$\implies |x-c||2x+2c-3|<ε$$  I don't  see where to go from here.


I have no clue what to do here !     Let $n>1$ be a natural number. the m-cycle   $\sigma=(a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots,a_m)$ denotes a permutation in $S_n$ where   $\sigma(a_1)=a_2,\sigma(a_2)=a_3,\dots, \text{ and }\sigma(a_m)=a_1$.      Prove by induction on $k \geq 1$ that if $k+i\equiv j (mod\text{ m})$, then $\sigma^k(a_i)=a_j$   whenever $1\leq i \leq m$ and $1\leq j \leq m$.   Pained Attempt :  Let $n>1$ be a natural number. the m-cycle $\sigma=(a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots,a_m)$ denotes a permutation in $S_n$ where $\sigma(a_1)=a_2,\sigma(a_2)=a_3,\dots, \text{ and }\sigma(a_m)=a_1$.  [Base Step]  For the base case,$k=1$, assume that $1+i\equiv j (mod\text{ m})$ and prove that $\sigma^1(a_i)=a_j$ whenever $1\leq i \leq m$ and $1\leq j \leq m$.   With $1+i\equiv j (mod\text{ m})$ then $i\equiv j-1 (mod\text{ m})$ iff $m|i-j+1$ or equivalently $i=mg+j-1$ for some $g \in \Bbb{Z}$. Therefore $\sigma^1(a_i)=\sigma(a_{mg+j-1}).....?$  Is this approach even right?? Thank you for your help

I am aware that i have posted this question before, but the comments i received did not really help silly old me. So i would appreciate it if someone can walk me through some parts of the problem. I have revised my attempt from the previous post, accounting for the comments i have received as i understood them.     Let $n>1$ be a natural number. the m-cycle   $\sigma=(a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots,a_m)$ denotes a permutation in $S_n$ where   $\sigma(a_1)=a_2,\sigma(a_2)=a_3,\dots, \text{ and }\sigma(a_m)=a_1$.      Prove by induction on $k \geq 1$ that if $k+i\equiv j (mod\text{ m})$, then $\sigma^k(a_i)=a_j$   whenever $1\leq i \leq m$ and $1\leq j \leq m$.   Pained Attempt :  Let $n>1$ be a natural number. the m-cycle $\sigma=(a_1,a_2,a_3,\dots,a_m)$ denotes a permutation in $S_n$ where $\sigma(a_1)=a_2,\sigma(a_2)=a_3,\dots, \text{ and }\sigma(a_m)=a_1$.  [Base Step]  For the base case,$k=1$, assume that $1+i\equiv j (mod\text{ m})$ and prove that $\sigma^1(a_i)=a_j$ whenever $1\leq i \leq m$ and $1\leq j \leq m$.   Since $1+i\equiv j (mod\text{ m})$ then $j \equiv 1+i (mod\text{ m})$ and $m | j-(1+i)$ hence $j = mh+i+1$ for some $h \in \Bbb{Z}$.   [case:$1 \leq i \lt m$]  Since $j=mh+i+1$ then $a_j=a_{mh+i+1}$. By assumption $\sigma(a_{mh+i})=a_{mh+i+1}=a_j$.  I am not sure how to proceed further here..  I thought: With $1 \leq i \lt m$ and mh+i+1 being constrained to lie between 1 and m given the definition of the m-cycle, this implies that h must be 0 (?).Therefore $\sigma(a_{m(0)+i})=a_{m(0)+i+1}=a_j$ and $\sigma(a_{i})=a_{i+1}=a_j$ as required (?)  ...this feels iffy.  [case: $i=m$]  Since $j=mh+i+1$ then $a_j=a_{mh+m+1}$ and $a_j=a_{m(h+1)+1}$ . By assumption $\sigma(a_{m(h+1)})=a_{m(h+1)+1}=a_j$.  I am not sure how to proceed further either..  Any help would be much appreciated.


a)Three identical letters are not next to each other. So I came up with a solution but I have no possibility to check whether it's correct so I've decided to post it here. So |X| - number of all possible sequences,  |X| = $\frac{9!}{3!\cdot 3!\cdot 3!}$  |A|, |B| and |C| are those sequences in which either 3 A's, B's or C's are next to each other |A| = |B| = |C| = $7\cdot \binom{6}{3}\cdot \binom{3}{3}= 140$ $|A\cap B|, |A\cap C|  ,|B\cap C|$  are for use of Inclusion-exclusion $|A\cap B|=|A\cap C|=|B\cap C|=7\cdot 4\cdot \binom{3}{3}= 28$ $|A\cap B\cap C|=1$ $|A\cup B\cup C|=|A|+|B|+|C|-|A\cap B|-|A\cap C|-|B\cap C|+|A\cap B\cap C|$ And the number we're looking for $=|X|-|A\cup B\cup C|$ Is that by any chance a correct solution?

Q: How many arrangements of a,a,a,b,b,b,c,c,c are there such that  $\hspace{5mm}$ (i). no three consecutive letters are the same?  $\hspace{5mm}$ (ii). no two consecutive letters are the same?  A:(i). 1314. ${\hspace{5mm}}$ (ii). 174.  I thought of using the General Principle of Inclusion and Exclusion along with letting $p_i$ denote a property that.. , and doing so, I will evaluate $E(0)$, which gives us the number of arrangements without any of the properties.   How do I go about doing that? I am trying to use the method stated above in solving this question, but I am unable to generalize the properties $p_i$.


Since roughly one month I see an insane increase of google's advertisments at web-search. Nearly the whole monitore is full of ads, I have to scoll down to see some search-results (see the ). Before, the search results appeared, and on the right, in some yellow box, there were the ads - perfectly separated. Now google tries to trick me.  The ads appear roughly 0.5sec after the normal search results, so when I already wanted to click at the first result, I am accidentally clicking at the first advertisment link.  This is driving me crazy, I can't believe that is on purpose, so I wonder whether this could be some sort of adware that installed itself to firefox, or how I can deactivate it?  Since one month now I hate google and start hate the internet, so please help me :-)  I'm using Firefox and Chrome on Windows8. I've installed Adblock Plus, but it doesn't help.  Edit  It happens on Firefox and chrome, and I just realized that all those "google"-links actually link to "www.flwsrf.com" , for example .  As suggested in the comment by Rounin, I installed CCleaner, Ad-Aware and SpyBot, but they dont find anything.  Solution  As mentioned in the link by ChrisInEdmonton's comment, the problem was a Adware called FlowSurf, which inserts Ads into IE, Chrome, FF. Fortunatly, it is very easy to remove this malware: Control Panel -> Uninstall program -> "Flowsurf". Then restarting the browser and everything works perfectly again :)

What should I do if my Windows computer seems to be infected with a virus or malware?  What are the symptoms of an infection? What should I do after noticing an infection? What can I do to get rid of it? how to prevent from infection by malware?   This question comes up frequently, and the suggested solutions are usually the same. This community wiki is an attempt to serve as the definitive, most comprehensive answer possible. Feel free to add your contributions via edits.


I want to measure tree heights in the forest using drone photogrammetry.  So far it's easy to measure single trees height using fugroviewer in the pointcloud, but I would really like to measure whole groups of trees.  This picture below represents the tops. Is there a way to spot them out into the attribute table?    This is another image from before the treetops has been isolated.   I'm not a big GIS expert, so please be really specific in your explanation, if you have an idea.

I need to classify tree heights in a DSM of a slope-y terrain. It´s not a forest but several individual / detached trees. In a plane terrain it won´t be an issue but in that uneven terrain I need somehow to extract the height of the single trees as related to the surrounding ground.   Is there any way to do so using QGIS?   The DSM file is a Tiff, but I can also get it as a point model if this helps.


I just got a new badge today on academia site, but the shape of the badge appear in different shapes when I am on different sites. If viewed from Mathematica site, it is triangular shaped  however, if viewed from LaTeX site, it is circular shaped  but it is the very same badge. Is this by design or not?

It's so cool that the notification reminds you of the colour of badge you've earned. But I am a little puzzled by the symbols:      Is it feasible to use the symbol from the earned site? At the moment it uses the symbol from the site I happen to be on (as you can see by looking to the left of the dropdown in each case.)


I'm trying to download Photoshop CS6, but I can't find Setup.exe on my computer. I'm still new to Ubuntu, so I need help. Any advice would help me right now.  I've followed instructions on the forum, but I don't know where to find Setup.exe if I even have it! Where is it found? And what do you do if it isn't there? I'm desperate for Photoshop now, and since my Wacom is coming soon, I'd like to have Photoshop to work with it.

Can .exe and .msi files (Windows software) be installed in Ubuntu?


If \input just  into your new document, then what is the difference between calling a set of commands via \input{filename} (where filename is some .tex document) and creating a package with these commands defined and calling that package via \usepackage?

For a some simple cases it seems to me that there would be no important difference between   putting some code in a file preamble.tex and having \input{preamble.tex} in the main .tex file putting it in a file preamble.sty (with appropriate modifications such as a \ProvidesPackage)   What are the pros and cons of each?


Whenever we start an environment we have a \begin{environment}, and when we want to end an environment we write \end{environment} but shouldn't just \end be enough?  As far as I'm aware, the following is impossible:  \begin{coolstuff} \begin{boringstuff} \end{coolstuff} \end{boringstuff}   And the following would be correct:  \begin{coolstuff} \begin{boringstuff} \end{boringstuff} \end{coolstuff}   So why not just write:  \begin{coolstuff} \begin{boringstuff} \end \end   ??

Wouldn't it be nice if we have a command to end an environment in a generic way? Example:  \begin{itemize}    \item Apple    \item Banana \endenv       % replaces / is an alternative to, \end{itemize} or any other environments.   so that if I change my mind, I can just replace the first line with, for instance, \begin{enumerate}, without changing the closing part. This is also useful when one changes from normal to starred environment, etc.  This feature would serve as an alternative to the normal closing, which will still be available. And this hypothetical \endenv can be restricted to work only for 'normal' environment, and will not work for complex ones such as verbatim, frame, listings.  Should we have that \endenv? Is there already a package for this feature?  Edit:  To future visitors: from the accepted answer below one can see that this is not a very good idea. If one still demands the presumed convenience, this kind of thing should/can be delegated to the editor.


Say I want to have a beep at 13:00. I would use  speaker-test -t sine -f 1300 | at 13:00   I can find that something is going to be executed with atq but how to get the precise scheduled command? (that is   speaker-test -t sine -f 1300)

If I do atq I can see a list of what is scheduled via at command. But how do I see what is the command that will actually run?


When I open , the padlock icon in my Firefox has a yellow warning triangle icon, clicking on it, the message says:     Connection is Not Secure      Parts of this page are not secure (such as images).   F12 console contains many messages like (all of them about gravatar.com URLs):     Loading mixed (insecure) display content “” on a secure page   Since the HTTPs version of that URL seems to work fine, I think they should be changed.

Gravatar links on the "Top Network Askers" sidebar of the  page are not HTTPS links. Gravatar links elsewhere on the site seem to use HTTPS links.


There are options in edit mode in Shading/UV to mark faces, edges and vertices smooth or sharp / flat, but I don't understand how do they work and can't find it anywhere in internet. I understand basics and I see difference between smooth / sharp edge. But how are those three (edges / faces / verts) related?  I see I can make a face smooth and this changes the look in Blender, but it doesn't make the edges around this face smooth. Are these unrelated? How does it work then? What is a difference between marking all edges of the mesh smooth, or marking all the faces smooth? What is the point of having all edges around the edge sharp, and the face itself smooth? Or the other way around?  Then there are also vertices which can be smooth or flat, but this seems to be related to edges. It looks like it just changes all edges connected to this vertex to sharp / smooth. Is this correct?  It would be great if someone could explain it a bit.

I know how shading works with faces:     That's set by choosing Smooth/Flat under Faces in the Shading menu:    But what do the other two options—Edges and Vertices—do?


I'm revising my thesis. I'm in a U.S.A university (American English).  My Prof asks me to change "Naive Bayes" to "Naïve Bayes" in my thesis. However, things are not easy.  First thing is that how to add two dots above i. I solved this issue by using Microsoft Word, where "Naive" can be automatically converted to "Naïve". Then I copy it and paste to the Texmaker and run the LaTeX.    But the result is not what I want

How to type these special letters from European languages in latex? ä, é, and L'?


I have 3 layers with 3 objects and 3 cameras.  Layer 1: cube + camera1  Layer 2: uv sphere + camera2  Layer 3: torus + camera3  camera1 is active from 1 to 79 frame.  camera2 is active from 80 to 159 frame.  camera3 is active from 160 to 240 frame.  How can I render only   cube in frames 1-79 ;  only uv sphere in frames 80-159 ;   only torus in frames 160-240  ????

I have multiple cameras in a scene. What I want to do is to change which one is active. This way I can view the scene from different angles. How would I do this?


Good Evening people,  I recently started working in Java (from Python).The issue occurs when I'm trying to split a string and then test some of its elements.  I checked many other answers to similar questions but nothing solved my issue.  String str = "0 0 0 0 0"; String[] splitString = str.split("\\s");   The System.out.println(splitString[0] == "0"); always outputs false !  However System.out.println(splitString[0].contains("0")); evaluates to true.  I fear that I'm doing something really stupid but I'd like to know if someone could help me here :)  Cheers,  Alex

I've been using the == operator in my program to compare all my strings so far. However, I ran into a bug, changed one of them into .equals() instead, and it fixed the bug.  Is == bad? When should it and should it not be used? What's the difference?


I browned the outside of a beef roast then left it in crockpot which was accidentally unplugged. Didn't realize it until 48 hours later. is it safe to cook?

If I left food out of the refrigerator for some period of time, is it still safe? If I left it out too long, can I salvage it by cooking it more?


I have the following itinerary:   ULN - ICN through MIAT (Mongolian Airlines) ICN - ORD with United and it changes plane at SFO.    Looking through some questions already answered here, it seems that I have to pick up my luggages at SFO before going through Customs and Immigration and then drop them off before exiting.   But I recently decided not to board to my last flight to Chicago and spend a few days in San Francisco. So what are the options that I can pick up all my luggages at SFO?  I hope that I can just walk out right out of SFO having picked up my luggages before the Customs. But I was not sure if this is viable.   Also, when I first check my bags at ULN, would they be able to tag its final destination at SFO, not ORD?  EDIT: Not that I care much, but none of the 9 answers in the possible duplicate question completely answered my question. Otherwise, I would not have asked it.

Say I want to book a flight from Fort Lauderdale to Chicago.  Say the airline also flies to St. Louis from Fort Launderdale but has a connecting flight through Chicago.  If I book that flights from FLL->ORD->STL and just get off in Chicago, what possible problems can I run into, assuming I didn't check any bags and only have carry on?  This scenario exist for Southwest, but I wanted this be more of a general question that would apply to all airlines.


I installed the 32 bit Ubuntu 15.10 on my laptop.It detected a list of wireless networks, then I tried to connect, I type in my WiFi password, it tries to connect for a while, about 6 second later, it pops up a prompt asking for password again, I verified that my WiFi password entered is correct, keep asking for a password.   I even rebooted my router.   Please help, thank you.   Here's output for lspci -knn |grep Net -A2:  02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM5906M Fast Ethernet PCI Express [14e4:1713] (rev 02)     Subsystem: Lenovo IdeaPad S10e [17aa:3a23]     Kernel driver in use: tg3 05:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4312 802.11b/g LP-PHY [14e4:4315] (rev 01)     Subsystem: Broadcom Corporation Device [14e4:04b5]     Kernel driver in use: wl

I'm having serious problems installing the Broadcom drivers for Ubuntu. It worked perfectly on my previous version, but now, it is impossible.   What are the steps to install Broadcom wireless drivers for a BCM43xx card?  I'm a user with no advance knowledge in Linux, so I would need clear explanations on how to make, compile, etc.    lspci -vnn | grep Network showed:   Broadcom Corporation BCM4322 802.11a/b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller [14e4:432b]      iwconfig showed:  lo        no wireless extensions. eth0      no wireless extensions.   NOTE: Answer below is updated every time new information is added and confirmed working.


I installed Windows 8.1 after Ubuntu 12.04.  Now, grub does not shows up any more! It's goes straight to Windows after turning my PC on.  Grub gone after installing Windows 8.1  Please tell me what should I do to turn grub back ?  Any helps would be awesome.

I installed Windows 7, which ate Ubuntu's boot file. When starting up the computer, it now goes straight to Windows, without giving me the option of booting Ubuntu.   How can I get Ubuntu back?


I have a 3 TB LDM Windows partition that was from a Windows 8 install that hibernated and I have since lost the hiberfil.sys or ability to boot into that install (through my own stupid actions, but that's beside the point).   The partition has ~ 1.6 TB of data that I would like to keep and use. The only problem is that I can't figure out a way to mount the partition in readwrite mode, only read-only.   The procedure I used to get it to mount at all was the following:    Installed ldmtool ldmtool create all Attempted mounting with mount /dev/mapper/ldm_vol_JDPHENIX-01-Dg0_Volume1 ~/mnt/hdd/, failed with The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0). Successfully mounted with -o ro as suggested by the error message.    The question is how do I go about getting the data from this partition to a usable state (I define as mounted in some storage medium as read-write)?   I had considered purchasing sufficient cloud storage somewhere to temporarily hold the data, but that would exceed my bandwidth cap by a factor of 6.   I do consider "purchase an HDD capable of holding the data" as a valid solution, so if that's the ideal way to do this, don't refrain from posting exactly that.   Edit:  I chose to purchase a new hard drive. I'm still interested in others' takes on how to best handle this.

Whenever I boot Ubuntu, I get a message that it cannot mount my windows partition, and I can choose to either wait, skip or manually mount.  When I try to enter my Windows partition through Nautilus I get a message saying that this partition is hibernated and that I need to enter the file system and properly close it, something I have done with no problem so I don't know why this happens.    Here's my partition table, if any more data is needed please let me know.     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1            2048    20000767     9999360   83  Linux /dev/sda2        20002814   478001151   228999169    5  Extended /dev/sda3   *   478001152   622532607    72265728    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4       622532608   625141759     1304576   82  Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda5        20002816   478001151   228999168   83  Linux


i m currently working in Generating dynamic invoice on monthly basis but i m stuck in getting month name in python from user input date  Example: Given Date is :15/03/2020 is date and month is March  Any help would be appreciated

I've got a huge list of date-times like this as strings:  Jun 1 2005  1:33PM Aug 28 1999 12:00AM   I'm going to be shoving these back into proper datetime fields in a database so I need to magic them into real datetime objects.   This is going through Django's ORM so I can't use SQL to do the conversion on insert.


I'm having a general question about header files:  In my project, which is not a library or plugin, but a standalone program, I don't use any header files - I am just using cpp files that I include in my main file.  Should I dismiss this coding style for some obscure reasons? I mean, I get that using header files can be helpful when navigating among classes or functions, so you can get a quick lookaround, but I generally think just declaring the classes "as they are" feels better for me - for navigation I'm using comments and the find function of gedit (I am not using an IDE either, for the same reason)^^. But will I at some time maybe run into problems if I continue with this? My Project is expanding, but as I mentioned, I don't see a problem regarding header files about it.

Why does C++ have header files and .cpp files?


I think everyone in this section knows about redstone clocks, and that sometimes when you log in and out, the repeaters get stuck. Sometimes they get stuck when you are just a little but far away or in another dimension. This is really annoying if you have stuff that is depending on your clock to work.  Now we are a few updates later, and there have been a lot of updates, and new stuff added to the game. Does anyone know of a new solution to have your clock automatically restarted when it gets stuck.  There are a few methods when I do a YouTube search, but they are all a but messy. Even I did an attempt with a mine cart system, but I think it's messy as well.

When I set up a redstone circuit for rotating blocks (with pistons) or flashing redstone lights, everything's fine, but when I exit that zone, the current is not saved, and when I return later, the blocks have stopped moving or the lights have stopped flashing.  I don't want to reassemble part of the circuit each time I come by -- How can I keep the redstone circuit running when I'm far away?.


Let G be a group s.t $g^3=e$ for all $g$ in $G$. Prove that $G$ is abelian.  From here I have got $(ab)^2=(b^2)(a^2)$ & $(ab)^3=a((ba)^2)b$ Then what??

I know that any group satisfying $x^2=1$ for all $x$ is abelian. Is the same true if $x^3=1$? I don't think it is, but I can't find a basic counterexample.


I am a beginner usign ArcGis, i downloaded two geotiff with the same cellsize and with the same GCS ( GCS_WGS_1984)  but it seems that the two images don't perfectly overlay. Looking at the extent of these images i noticed that:  Geotiff1:  extent left: -180,008333334 extent right: 180,008333275  While the other one:  Geotiff2  extent left: -180 extent right: 180,000033063  So for both the right extent is greater than +180 while for the first one the left extent is lower than -180. I know that the problem is related to the coordinate system but i can't understand where i make the mistake

I have two rasters: a digital elevation model (DEM) and a Landsat band. The grid resolution of both is 30 m, but the grids are not coincident (see image: the dark raster on top is the DEM; the light raster underneath is the Landsat band).  I want to perform some transformation of the Landsat band so that its grid aligns perfectly with the DEM grid. I've tried resampling the Landsat band to 30 m in ArcGIS using the DEM as a Snap Raster in the Environment settings, but this does not have any effect. I've also tried clipping the Landsat band to the extent of a vector polygon (that the DEM is also clipped to), while setting the DEM as the Snap Raster, but to no avail.  I suspect this is happening because both rasters are already at the same resolution (just on different grids), but I really need their grids to be aligned to be able to do any further analysis.  Can I do this in ArcGIS Desktop?


The site is not under Google's manual penalty it has no other warnings in GWT about something wrong going on, it is not out of the Google index. But the ranking positions on SERPs are lower than before.  Do I need to invest in backlink analysis to detect the bad ones and then disavow them?  UPDATE: (to why my question is different than the other topic) I don't need to diagnose other things, as I already took the course of making changes, I clearly asked a specific question about bad backlinks and would like to get an answer to it.

There has been a significant drop (90%) in traffic from Google to one of my well-established sites (6+ years) in the last week. Searches show that the top 3 wide keywords all dropped 4 spots. Searches for other keywords do not show ANY results in the first 10 to 25 pages of results, while previously one 1st or 2nd page at most.  Since there are , the question really is:  What steps are necessary to figure out what caused such a drop?  There have been no major changes during this period or the last month on the site and certainly not in the homepage which has dropped in rank. Over all the years of running this site and plenty of others, I have never experienced this. There are is duplicate content on my site and I have rigorously used canonical links for the last few years to ensure it is not misinterpreted as such.


I have a Canada bound Delta flight next month with a layover in New York where I plan to abandon the trip (the flight to Canada was cheaper than to USA, hidden city ticketing).  Now I know all international flights stopping over in the USA requires passengers to deplane, pass through immigration and customs with their bags and then check in to their local connecting flight so I should  have no problem retrieving my checked bags.  My question is for other countries where one doesn’t get access to checked bags during international layovers, are the airlines mandated to return passengers luggage to me at the location where a passenger decides to abandon the remaining legs of the trip? Or airlines have the right to deliver it to the final purported destination and it’s up to the passengers to figure out how to retrieve it?

Assume I have a flight ticket from A->B->C and at A I checked in luggage all the way to C. However after the first flight I don't board the second flight but decide to remain in B.  As I understand procedures my luggage will need to be unloaded again from the plane in B when they notice I did not board the flight.    How and when can I retrieve my luggage at B? (Or if not, what is the fate of my luggage?) Is there any way I can advise airport/airline staff in B to not load my luggage in the first place? (I understand that asking to do so when checking in in A would be declined / met with a fare recalculation)   This question is different from  in that I am looking for a general answer, whereas in that case B happened to be the port of entry to the US where you have to collect your luggage in any case. Also it is different from   in that I do want to check in  luggage from A to B. Finally I am also aware that possible further legs of my trip would be cancelled.  is asking essentially the same but was marked duplicate to the above two questions that do not answer my question.


I have an typical MVC application that has the following Action:  public ActionResult MyAction(string param1)   When I call this action this way:  http://domain/MyController/MyAction?param1=dasas   I receive param1 as supposed: "dasas"  But in MVC the idea is to pass params as following right?  http://domain/MyController/MyAction/dasas   This way it doesn't work and I am wondering why! Any idea?  UPDATE: Here is my route:  routes.MapRoute(name: "Default", url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}", defaults:                  new {                      controller = MVC.RegistrationAuthority.Name,                     action = MVC.RegistrationAuthority.ActionNames.Landing,                      id = UrlParameter.Optional                  });

I have a controller with an action method as follows:  public class InventoryController : Controller {     public ActionResult ViewStockNext(int firstItem)     {         // Do some stuff     } }   And when I run it I get an error stating:     The parameters dictionary does not contain a valid value of type 'System.Int32' for parameter 'firstItem'. To make a parameter optional its type should either be a reference type or a Nullable type.   I had it working at one point and I decided to try the function without parameters.  Finding out that the controller was not persistant I put the parameter back in, now it refuses to recognise the parameter when I call the method.  I'm using this url syntax to call the action:  http://localhost:2316/Inventory/ViewStockNext/11   Any ideas why I would get this error and what I need to do to fix it?   I've tried adding another method that takes an integer to the class it it also fails with the same reason.  I've tried adding one that takes a string, and the string is set to null.  I've tried adding one without parameters and that works fine, but of course it won't suit my needs.


I just started using Ubuntu on my old MacBook, and the WiFi doesn't work. When I go to the WiFi settings, it says "No Wi-Fi Adapter Found". I went to Software & Updates>Additional Drivers, and tried to install network drivers, but when I clicked "apply changes" it said "error while applying changes pk-client-error-quark: Cannot download packages whilst offline (257)". Before I installed Ubuntu, I booted it off of a live USB, and the WiFi worked just fine, but now it doesn't. I can confirm that it is not a hardware problem, because when I booted into mac OS, the WiFi worked. I am using Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS. 04:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM4331 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4331] (rev 02)     Subsystem: Apple Inc. AirPort Extreme [106b:00ef]     Control: I/O- Mem+ BusMaster+ SpecCycle- MemWINV- VGASnoop- ParErr- Stepping- SERR- FastB2B- DisINTx-     Status: Cap+ 66MHz- UDF- FastB2B- ParErr- DEVSEL=fast >TAbort- <TAbort- <MAbort- >SERR- <PERR- INTx-     Latency: 0, Cache Line Size: 256 bytes     Interrupt: pin A routed to IRQ 17     Region 0: Memory at c1900000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]     Capabilities: <access denied>     Kernel driver in use: bcma-pci-bridge     Kernel modules: bcma

I'm having serious problems installing the Broadcom drivers for Ubuntu. It worked perfectly on my previous version, but now, it is impossible.   What are the steps to install Broadcom wireless drivers for a BCM43xx card?  I'm a user with no advance knowledge in Linux, so I would need clear explanations on how to make, compile, etc.    lspci -vnn | grep Network showed:   Broadcom Corporation BCM4322 802.11a/b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller [14e4:432b]      iwconfig showed:  lo        no wireless extensions. eth0      no wireless extensions.   NOTE: Answer below is updated every time new information is added and confirmed working.


i have installed ubuntu 11.10 and 12.04 in two pc earlier running in win xp. the printer hp laser jet 1007/1008 are not detected and the problem is not solved  even after connected to internet. please help.

Could anyone help me to configure printer? I tried googling but haven't found anything.  EDIT: system->administration->printing there are no printers and cant add new one, add button is unclickable  at the beginning I didn't try to add printer and was installing those drivers, maybe I ruined something? I used this guide ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-112556.html by maulattu 3rd post..


Show that for all integers n ≥ 1 applies that $5|2^{3n} - 3^{n}$    can anyone help?

I did some mathematical induction problems on divisibility   $9^n$ $-$ $2^n$ is divisible by 7. $4^n$ $-$ $1$ is divisible by 3. $9^n$ $-$ $4^n$ is divisible by 5.   Can these be generalized as $a^n$ $-$ $b^n$$ = (a-b)N$, where N is an integer? But why is $a^n$ $-$ $b^n$$ = (a-b)N$ ?  I also see that $6^n$ $- 5n + 4$ is divisible by $5$ which is $6-5+4$ and $7^n$$+3n + 8$ is divisible by $9$ which is $7+3+8=18=9\cdot2$.  Are they just a coincidence or is there a theory behind?  Is it about modular arithmetic?


For example, there is no mention of the zoom .  I'm guessing that it's specified in some other specification.  If so, what do I look at and how do I compute the zoom from it?  I've looked at a few SLRs and none of them say the zoom.  Why do other cameras tell you and these don't (or at least why is the way the information is presented different)?

What is the rule to convert the 'mm' notation to the 'optical zoom' notation? I searched a bit and found this one:  optical zoom = maximum focal length / minimum focal length   For example a 18-55mm lens would have a 3x optical zoom, and a 18-200mm lens would have a 11x optical zoom. Is that right?


What is correct:        Scholarly enquiry combined with introspection reveals    Scholarly enquiry combined with introspection reveal

If I have an item, combined with another item, is it still a singular subject in the sentence? For example:        This paper, combined with some glue, makes for an afternoon of art projects.   This paper, combined with some glue, make for an afternoon of art projects.      All of my experience tells me that it should be the first, but I have multiple people arguing for the second.


I'm trying to add some partial support for Japanese in a document I'm making, which uses APA style (mostly English references, plus some in Japanese (the main text is in Japanese, I'm also using lualatexja and ployglossia plus csquotes if that matters), unfortunately I don't have any minimal working examples since I don't have any lbx files yet).  Although  covers a lot, my main question is that whether it's possible to add support for a SOV language which mostly tends to use postpositions rather than prepositions. For example an entry in Japanese should look like URL [from] rather than [from] URL, so merely translating the "from" key in biblatex-apa's lbx file would result in a wrong sentence order. Same goes with a lot of biblatex's Action keys (for example, bytranslator), since there doesn't seem to be a 〈name〉 command to set the location of the main name before a suffix.  And what should one do in order to localize the APA style? Create 2 lbx files for japanese-apa and and japanese and put them in the main directory of the project?  Edit: This is how far I've come so far:   One issue is the date, it should be ２０１９年９月11日, polyglossia actually does support Japanese dates, but for some reason it's not being used. The other issue is から which should be after the URL (It's a postposition equivalent to "from").  is a zip file containing a working sample, not that lbx files are mostly copies from English. You will need lualatexja.  Edit2: The sample exceeds the limits, but  it is in a single text file on github. (also my account has been messed up so I can't even comment on/edit my own question, so...)

For such a support we face two kinds of main problems. Guidelines As far as I'm aware APA doesn't actually provide any official instructions on L10N. So one could argue what would even mean to support Japanese within APA style. Technical Problems Most of packages, even those which has some kind of support for L10N are centered around English or Indo-European languages with Latin scripts at best. So it makes it fairly hard to add support for languages such as Japanese (which for example tends to use postpositions rather then prepositions being an SOV language) without actually writing yet another package which will end up incompatible with a lot of other packages even if we consider the time and effort worth it. Possible Solutions A good solution but a huge undertaking might be redesigning the L10N process of biblatex, providing more high-level flexibility to support different languages. But I see that highly unlikely, so in the meantime some non-hackish methods to change styles per bib entry (by lnagid for example) and the ability to add manual entries would save a lot of headache. A specific case An obvious first step for a support would be copying some languages' .lbx and -apa.lbx files and translating some strings. Which would lead us to this ( is a sample tex file):  There are quite a few issues here, firstly, 'から' is a postposition unlike 'from' and should come after the URL (which might sound weird if considering the guideline). Secondly the date is completey wrong, it needs to be reordered and also needs suffixes for all 3 entries like '２０１９年９月11日'. Other problems might include not using Japanese parenthesis (and well almost all punctuation marks) which can lead to wrong spacing at points, dots being added after the name which isn't really usual in Japanese (I don't have much information about their typical stylings though). I've managed to fix the first problem after looking into some questions and skimming thorough biblatex-apa's sources by adding the following: \AtEveryBibitem{%     \iffieldequalstr{langid}{japanese}     {\renewbibmacro*{url+urldate}{%             \ifthenelse{\iffieldundef{url}\OR\NOT\iffieldundef{doi}}             {}             {\iffieldundef{urlyear}                 {}                 {\printtext{\bibstring{retrieved}}%                     \addspace                     \printurldate                     \setunit{\addcomma\addspace}}                 \iffieldundef{url}{}{\printfield{url}\bibstring{from}\adddot %                 \renewcommand*{\finentrypunct}{\relax}}}}} % if true      {\renewbibmacro*{url+urldate}{%             \ifthenelse{\iffieldundef{url}\OR\NOT\iffieldundef{doi}}             {}             {\iffieldundef{urlyear}                 {}                 {\printtext{\bibstring{retrieved}}%                     \addspace                     \printurldate                     \setunit{\urldatecomma}%                     \bibstring{from}%                     \setunit{\addspace}}%                 \iffieldundef{url}{}{\printfield{url}\renewcommand*{\finentrypunct}{\relax}}}}} % if false }  Which would give us (Do I need to redefine it on each entry for non-jp entries?):  But the date (the biggest issue) and the rest still remain, and all these are only for considering a single use case.


I have to show that the $C^1[0,1]$ is not complete with any of these norms:   $\|f\|_{\infty}=\sup_{x\in[0,1]}|f(x)|$ $\|f\|_{*}=|f(0)|+\int_0^1|f'(x)|dx$   My attempt  The right sequence for the first norm is $f_n=\sqrt{x+\frac{1}{n}}$.   Notice that $\forall n\in\mathbb{N} : f_n\in C^1[0,1]$  Let $f=\sqrt{x}$  We see that $(f_n)$ converges to $f$ in sup norm in $C[0,1]$, thus it is Cauchy.  $C^1[0,1]$ is a subspace of $C[0,1]$ and all terms of $(f_n)$ are in $C^1[0,1]$, so $(f_n)$ is Cauchy in $C^1[0,1]$  But $f$ is not in $C^1[0,1]$. So $C^1[0,1]$ with sup norm is not complete.  When it comes to the second norm, I think the same sequence will be also okay. Am I right?

The space $ C^1[0,1] $- the space of all continuously differentiable functions on $ [0,1]$ is not a Banach space with respect to the sup norm,$ \|.\|_{\infty} $ since the uniform limit of a continuously differentiable function need not be differentiable.  How can I illustate this statement using a counter example? Can I use $ f_{n}=\frac1 n \sin nx $ as a counter example?  Also, is $ C^1[0,1] $ is same as the space given by $ X=\{f\in C^1[0,1]:f(0)=0 \}$. Can I use the same example to show that this is not a Banach space?  More help is appreciated! Thanks!


So $p =ax+p^2y$ and $p^2 =bz+p^3w$  $ax= p-p^2y$ and $bz= p^2-p^3w$  $axbz= p^3-p^4w-p^4y+p^5wy$  $abxz= p^3-p^4(w+y-pwy)$  $abxz+p^4(w+y-pwy) = p^3$  How can I say that $\gcd(ab,p^4) = p^3$ ?

Taking $\nu_p(n)$ to be the p-adic valuation (returning the highest power of $p$ that divides $n$),  How would I go about proving that this function is completely additive for a fixed prime? I've done proofs for additive and multiplicative functions before but not sure how to go about this one since it has both a $p$ and $n$ element. Maybe I'm just complicating and confusing things in my head?


This is my code     package ecommerce;  import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;  import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;  public class Classwithmultiplemethods {      public static WebDriver driver;      public static void browser(){         WebDriver driver;         System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\Selenium\\selenium-java-3.141.59\\libs\\chromedriver.exe");         driver = new ChromeDriver();         driver.get("https://www.google.com/");         driver.manage().window().maximize();         driver.get("http://newtours.demoaut.com/");     }      public static void clicklinks() {              System.out.println("new tours");             driver.findElement(By.linkText("REGISTER")).click();             /*driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);             driver.findElement(By.linkText("తెలుగు")).click();             driver.findElement(By.linkText("English")).click();             driver.findElement(By.linkText("हिन्दी")).click();             driver.findElement(By.linkText("English")).click();*/ }      public static void teardown() {         driver.quit();     }      public static void main(String[] args) {         // TODO Auto-generated method stub          browser();         clicklinks();         teardown();     }  }   Throwing this error please help me to resolve     Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException       at ecommerce.Classwithmultiplemethods.clicklinks(Classwithmultiplemethods.java:25)       at ecommerce.Classwithmultiplemethods.main(Classwithmultiplemethods.java:41)

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I have the query on php which takes a lot of images from database, I need to show 4 images on the first row, the other 4 images on the next row and so on.  I thought I could do that with the help css, but I can't =(  HTML  <div id="photo_block" style="border:2px dotted <?echo $color;?>; height:1000px;" >      <?         while ($item=$select_items->fetch()) {     ?>

             <img src="<?echo $item['src']?>">

      <?         }     ?>
   CSS  #photo_block{     width:800px; } .items li{     display: inline; } .items li .item_block img{     width: 100px;     height: 100px; }   thank you for helping me!

I've got a list of about 30 <li> in a <ul>. Is there any way, using CSS, to divide these into three columns of ten?


For some reason, while I am trying to connect to SSH on my Nexus 7 2013 I keep getting this error message:  Permission denied(publickey)   Can someone explain how to properly setup SSH for Ubuntu touch?

I want to be able to login to a remote via ssh without having to enter the password all the time.   How do I set it up? Is a different command required to execute a password-less session?


I read a definition of sockets as "the most commonly used API for UDP/TCP connexions" (school material). It makes me curious to know if there are alternatives, and have been unable to find one yet. I don't mean added abstraction layers (such as RPC or RMI for example), or things using a different network stack, but using something else that fullfills the same role in a different way.  I might have misunderstood the role of the socket too, I would consider it is fits in the session OSI layer, or maybe the transport one ? I'm not really sure about that.  I don't plan on using those alternatives, and I understand how convenient sockets are, I was just wondering.  Thanks for your interest

I was browsing around for programming troubleshooters, and I was wondering what the alternate would be for Socket Programming; if there is one.


I know arXiv.org for several years (3 to 4 years), and have used it to access extended versions of conference papers, corrected versions of published papers in a peer-reviewed journal and also search it to find whether my idea about a topic is new or not.  However, I have written several manuscript in the last two years and today, one of my friends offered me to upload my manuscripts to arXiv.org before publication, so others won't spend their time reinventing what I've done.  I have asked my supervisor, but he prohibited me from doing so, because of possible abuses might be caused by cheaters, e.g. using my work to publish somewhere else or stealing my ideas without citation. Also, he told me about the copyright forms we have signed which transfers the right of publication to the journals.  To this end, I have googled for an hour, however as time passed I found less and now I am totally confused! What should I do? What is arXiv.org for? Is it legal to upload a published paper there? Is it illegal or does it have a bad impact on the referee and the editors to see a submitted manuscript online at arXiv?  Sorry for the long text. Regards,

The recent question  made me realize that I don't have any understanding of why one would upload to a preprint site.  (I don't work in a field where they seem to be common.)  Why would one be concerned about getting a manuscript on arXiv, if it's already under review with a journal?   Is it because of the long publishing timeline of journals?  (That could explain why computer science — which publishes much more in conferences — doesn't seem to do much with them.)


I am aware of proofs of this fact, including those given at . This question is not about how to prove it efficiently using MVT or any other clever method, but whether the proof I've sketched here is correct. This is not a duplicate, because I'm trying to get a review of my delta-epsilon reasoning.     Suppose $f$ is differentiable on an open interval $I$, $c\in I$, and $\lim_{x\to c} f'(x) = L \neq\infty$. Prove that $f'$ is continuous at $c$.   In other words, $f'$ cannot have a removable discontinuity. My intuition is this: if $x$ is close to $c$, then the quantity $\frac{f(x)-f(c)}{x-c}$ is close to $f'(x)$ and also to $f'(c)$, therefore they are close to each other. However, I'm having a hard time formalizing this.  I figure that for any $\epsilon >0$, we can find a $\delta$ so that, whenever $x$ is $\delta$-close to $c$, that puts our difference quotient $\frac{\epsilon}{2}$-close to $f'(c)$. That's true because $f'(c)$ exists.  Additionally, I can find another $\delta$ so that $f'(x)$ is $\frac{\epsilon}{2}$-close to $L$ when $x$ is $\delta$-close to $c$. That's true because the limit of $f'$ exists at $c$.  Choosing the smaller of the two $\delta$'s, the triangle inequality gives us that $|f'(c)-L|<\epsilon$, and so they're equal? Does that work?

Let $f$ be a real-valued function continuous on $[a,b]$ and differentiable on $(a,b)$. Suppose that $\lim_{x\rightarrow a}f'(x)$ exists. Then, prove that $f$ is differentiable at $a$ and $f'(a)=\lim_{x\rightarrow a}f'(x)$.    It seems like an easy example, but a little bit tricky. I'm not sure which theorems should be used in here.    ==============================================================  Using @David Mitra's advice and @Pete L. Clark's notes I tried to solve this proof. I want to know my proof is correct or not.  By MVT, for $h>0$ and $c_h \in (a,a+h)$ $$\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}=f'(c_h)$$ and $\lim_{h \rightarrow 0^+}c_h=a$.    Then $$\lim_{h \rightarrow 0^+}\frac{f(a+h)-f(a)}{h}=\lim_{h \rightarrow 0^+}f'(c_h)=\lim_{h \rightarrow 0^+}f'(a)$$   But that's enough? I think I should show something more, but don't know what it is.


I'm a prof c# developper but I'm trying to write some code in C++ (for arduino purpose). When I compile my code I have this error message "undefined reference to `NEOPATTERNController<(unsigned char)3, (EOrder)66>::SetPattern(PatternEnum)'" this is my code: -cpp file #include <neopattern.h>  template<uint8_t DATA_PIN, EOrder RGB_ORDER > void NEOPATTERNController<DATA_PIN, RGB_ORDER>::SetPattern(PatternEnum pattern) { }  // No need to call this TemporaryFunction() function, // it's just to avoid link error. void TemporaryFunction () {     NEOPATTERNController<1, GRB> TempObj; }  -h file #ifndef __INC_NEOPATTERN_H #define __INC_NEOPATTERN_H  #include "FastLED.h"  // Pattern types supported:  typedef enum PatternEnum { NONE, RAINBOW_CYCLE, THEATER_CHASE, COLOR_WIPE, SCANNER, FADE, LIGHT, STROBE, NEWKITT };   template<uint8_t DATA_PIN, EOrder RGB_ORDER = GRB> class NEOPATTERNController : public WS2812Controller800Khz<DATA_PIN, RGB_ORDER> {  public: void SetPattern(PatternEnum pattern);      protected:  };  #endif   main code  ... NEOPATTERNController<DATA_PIN, GRB> patternController; patternController.SetPattern(PatternEnum::RAINBOW_CYCLE);  ... I hope somebody can help, thanks.

Quote from :     The only portable way of using templates at the moment is to implement them in header files by using inline functions.   Why is this?  (Clarification: header files are not the only portable solution. But they are the most convenient portable solution.)