My name is invisible. I can't write my user name when I join an online server, it says invalid name! How do I fix this?

I am having trouble getting onto a server in Minecraft PE on iOS. When I tap on the person's server it just says invalid name:    I have tried turning off and restarting the iPad, going to home screen and logging back into the server but I have had no luck and no change. Is there a reason why this is so?


"The diamagnetic materials repel the materials which produces magnetic field, so putting these materials in the proximity of the magnetic field generating materials produces the effect of the diamagnetic levitation."  I read this statement somewhere and I got confused with it.  I know that when magnetic field is applied to a current carrying loop an electric potential is induced in the circuit which is proportional to rate of change of the magnetic flux through the loop. This induced potential gives raise to a current flow in such a direction so that the magnetic field generated because of this new current is in opposition of the applied magnetic field which is diamagnetism.  I want to know what happens to the diamagnetic material when it is kept in a constant magnetic field. Since the field is constant now, there would not be any flux change and hence no induced magnetic field to oppose the constant applied field. So will in that case be no diamagnetic effect or any other effect?

When we put a diamagnetic material in the presence of an external magnetic field $\vec B_0$, the magnetic field inside the material decreases to $$\vec B=(1+\chi_m)\vec B_0,$$ where the magnetic susceptibility $\chi_m$ is a small negative number. I am assuming the material is linear and isotropic.  On the other hand the diamagnetism is explained in terms of Lenz law. When we change the magnetic flux of the external field over the material, atomic currents generate an induced magnetic field trying to restore the flux. But then the induced field could have any sign (in the appropriated direction), depending if we are increasing or decreasing the flux of the external field. It seems diamagnetism is a dynamic effect. How come the sign of $\chi_m$ is always negative? Moreover, the magnitude of $\chi_m$ should depend on how large is the variation of the flux but I do not see any suggestion of this when looking at tables of $\chi_m$.


Is there a word for using a word twice to imply something different? eg.     Are you done, or are you done done?

What is the term when a word is used consecutively twice, with intentional stress placed on the first word, as a means to alter the severity of the word's meaning?  I am not referring to a  (had had) or a  (that that), but to the slightly sarcastic use as demonstrated in shows like Seinfeld. Sample sentences, with emphasis:  I know we're going out to eat, but I am only going to pick at an appetizer because I'm not hungry hungry. Don't wear something so formal to the party; I don't think you need to be dressed dressed.  Of personal note, some of my relatives decided a few years ago to nick-name the term a "Celaine" (a combination of their names) due to their own frequent use of it. Note: This question explicitly requests the term of art used by linguists and English scholars when discussing this phenomenon. This question is different from a  which requests a historical explanation for the phenomenon described by this term. None of the answers to the suggested duplicate provide the term.  The author of the similar question requests the term for the pattern in a comment, but does not receive an acceptable answer. The only mention of an acceptable term is in a comment made by the author of this question, in response to the author of the similar question, directing back to this very question.


I had Schengen visa four years ago through Latvia, and it was revoked due to limitation on my visa, pls can I apply with my new passport as new applicant through another Schengen country.   I would like to know if my previous information won't have any effect on my new application. With another Schengen.

When certain nationalities of people want to travel in the Schengen zone, they are required to apply for a Schengen visa. This is a straight-forward process for most, but when an applicant has had problems with removals or refusals they may be reluctant to apply because they want to avoid the complexities of serial visa refusals. This reluctance may lead some into wondering how their history can be expunged, and this line of thought inevitably leads to the idea of getting their passport replaced with a new one.  This sounds like a great formula for people who have had prior refusals or removals.  In essence they can become 'reincarnated' as a first-time traveller and hence avoid the unpleasantness of revealing their prior interactions with the Schengen authorities.  The relevant parts of the application form are shown here...    Nothing asks about a prior removal or refusal, and the applicant is left with simple denials for 3 questions in order to present themselves as a first-time traveller.  Assuming the person is happy to set aside the moral issues associated with denying their history, are there any holes to this strategy?  This question is scoped to Schengen visa applications so that it will not be unmanageably broad, but answers from other regimes (particularly the affluent Commonwealth and the USA) are acceptable as long as the main points are relatively consistent with Schengen.


I found this in a previous years iit paper. It seems really interesting, but incredibly difficult. Can someone please help     $$ \sum_{i = 1}^\infty \arctan\frac{1}{2i^2} $$      This whole expression is equal to $t$      Find $\tan(t)$

I am solving this problem. If $$\sum\limits_{i=1}^{\infty} \tan^{-1}\biggl(\frac{1}{2i^{2}}\biggr)= t$$ then find the value of $\tan{t}$.   My solution is like the following: I can rewrite: \begin{align*} \tan^{-1}\biggl(\frac{1}{2i^{2}}\biggr) & = \tan^{-1}\biggl[\frac{(2i+1) - (2i-1)}{1+(2i+1)\cdot (2i-1)}\biggr] \\\ &= \tan^{-1}(2i+1) - \tan^{-1}(2i-1) \end{align*}  and when I take the summation the only term which remains is $-\tan^{-1}(1)$, from which I get the value of $\tan{t}$ as $-1$. But the answer appears to be $1$. Can anyone help me on this.


I have my own self-signed SSL certificate for a website I need to keep relatively secure. I've been able to install my client SSL certificate just fine, but I can't seem to install the server's certificate to the Android trusted list, so I always get a warning when trying to access my site in Chrome from the device.  How do I install a PEM or CRT file for a self-signed server certificate?

I am trying to install the self-signed certificate for my web server in Android 4.3. I have the .crt file in the root of the SD card (which is actually emulated as I have no SD card in the slot).  To install the certificate I go to Setting -> General -> Security -> Credential Storage -> Install from device storage.  I get a dialog box showing the name of the certificate (the filename  minus the .crt extension) which I can modify (but don't), a "used for" pull down with "VPN and apps" selected and text at the bottom of the dialog which informs "Package contains: one user certificate". Everything looks okay, so I click "Ok". The dialog goes away and a toast message pops up with "[name] installed".  However if I immediately go to "Trusted credentials and select "User" there is nothing there! The new cert is also not under "System" but I would not expect it there.  If I go to a browser after this and try going to my web site, I still get the warning that the site's certificate is not trusted. I have also tried rebooting, but it doesn't make a difference.  What am I doing wrong? The complete lack of error messages isn't helpful.  Is it possible my certificate is in the wrong format? I have tried using the .crt file in the server's ssl directory and I have tried converting it to DER format.   Update: I read somewhere that Android requires certificates to be in p12 format, so I converted the Apache2 certificate to p12 using the following command:  openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey server.key -in server.crt -out ~/server.p12   I then repeated the above steps, got the same success message, and then proceeded to still not see the certificate in the user credentials and I still get the untrusted certificate error from the mobile browser.


Let X a continous variable and Y a binary variable with joint distribution : $$p(x,y;\beta,\rho_1,\rho_2,\phi_1,\phi_2)=\frac{1}{Z(\beta,\rho_1,\rho_2,\phi_1,\phi_2)}\exp(-0.5 \beta x^2+1_{y=0}\rho_1 x+1_{y=1} \rho_2 x+1_{y=0} \phi_1+1_{y=1} \phi_2)$$ with Z a normalising constant.  The conditional of X given Y is a Gaussian depending on Y and the conditional of Y given X is a Bernoulli variable whose probability $P(Y=1)$ is depending on X.  Is it possible to use Gibbs sampling?

For a project, I need to simulate from a joint distribution with both continuous and discrete variables that are dependent. The conditional distribution of any variable given the rest is known. I decided to simulate with the help of Gibbs sampling. My question is:  Is it possible to simulate from a joint distribution containing both continuous and discrete variable with Gibbs sampling?


I am trying to do something that I feel should be more straightforward or maybe my Java knowledge is interfering, but I can't figure it out. All I want to do is make a vector<A> as {aa, bb, cc} where bb and cc are child instances of the base class, A. Each Child class uses the same function name but has a different implementation. So what I want to do is call that implementation during the iteration. Here's my attempt. #include <iostream> #include <vector>  class A {   public:      virtual ~A() = default; };  class B: public A {   public:     int h() {       return 2;     } };  class C: public A {   public:     int h() {       return 3;     } };  int main() {   std::cout << "hello world" << std::endl;      // Inheritance   A aa;   B bb;   C cc;    std::vector<A> as {aa, bb, cc};    for (A child: as) {     if (typeid(B) == typeid(child)) {       std::cout << "child is a B" << std::endl;       B* child_b_p= static_cast<B*>(&child);       std::cout << child_b_p -> h() << std::endl;     }          if (typeid(C) == typeid(child)) {       std::cout << "child is a C" << std::endl;       C* child_c_p= static_cast<C*>(&child);       std::cout << child_c_p -> h() << std::endl;     }   }    return 0; }  I expect child is a B 2 child is a C 3  I only see hello world. What is a possible workaround for object slicing in this case?

Someone mentioned it in the IRC as the slicing problem.


I've got an online discussion forum as part of a (mostly in person) university course that I'm teaching.  I've been using the university-provided Blackboard forum software which is ... well, I won't use the words that I want to use to describe its quality.  In the future, I'm going to use some other software for this purpose, and it won't be hard to find something better than Blackboard.  However, the best forum software I've ever used is StackExchange.  It's incredible.  Any way I could make use of it for teaching?

Is the Stack Exchange engine that powers Stack Overflow available to download or install internally for an enterprise or company?  I think Stack Exchange's engine is very great and could be very cool to use for internal enterprise patterns and practices, like the engine of Wikipedia.


Recently I set a password containing small c cedilla (ç) and now I can't type it on login menu because it doesn't use the Spanish but English keyboard and types a slash, resulting in wrong password. How could I login?

I'm working on a Ubuntu system, and my client has completely forgotten his administrative password. He doesn't even remember entering one; however it is there.  I've tried the suggestions on the website, and I have been unsuccessful in deleting the password so that I can download applets required for running some files. Is there a solution?


Two-part question: Neural Networks(NN) can be looked at as stacked units of logistic regression classifiers (LRC). A basic requirement of an activation function is to be non-linear. When LRC is a neuron, sigmoid function is the activation function and is said to bring non-linearity to NN. Q1:) If this is true, why is LRC still a linear classifier even when it uses non-linear sigmoid function? Further, if the activation function is a linear function(e.g. an identity function), the NN can no longer learn non-linear decision boundaries. Q2:) Does this mean that the depth of a neural network plays no role in making it non-linear? I have scanned similar threads for this question. But not convinced yet!

What is the purpose of a neural network having a non-linear activation function?   Is it correct to say that the non-linear activation function's main purpose is to allow the neural network's decision boundary to be non-linear?  I've read in other StackOverflow answers that the activation function "", but that is rather vague.  Another posting states that an answer in the context of , but again that is not exactly what I'm asking.


I'm trying to make a very abstract PDO select function, but for some reason, I'm getting an empty array returned.  function listAllProducts () {     return select('products', '', ''); }   function select( $tableName, $property, $value ){     switch($tableName)     {         case "products":             $tbl = 'products';             break;         case "cart":             $tbl = 'cart';             break;     }     switch($property){         case "id":             $property = 'id';             break;         case "name":             $property = 'name';             break;     }      $db = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=ecom;charset=utf8', 'root', 'PASSWORD');     if( strcmp($value, '') != 0 ){ //if $value is not empty         $query = "SELECT * FROM $tbl WHERE $property = :value";         $stmt = $db->prepare($query);         //bind params         $stmt->bindValue(':value', $value);      }     else{         $query = "SELECT * FROM $tbl";         $stmt = $db->prepare($query);     }     //execute     try{         $stmt->execute();         $result = $stmt->fetchAll();         return $result;     }     catch(Exception $e){         return $e;     } }   Is there something simple I'm missing?   EDIT: Thanks for the help, but after adding a switch and removing table and columns from my bound params, I'm still getting an empty result set :(  EDIT 2: I've found a somewhat convoluted solution, added it above, but it looks like it's working for now! More testing is necessary.

Why can't I pass the table name to a prepared PDO statement?  $stmt = $dbh->prepare('SELECT * FROM :table WHERE 1'); if ($stmt->execute(array(':table' => 'users'))) {     var_dump($stmt->fetchAll()); }   Is there another safe way to insert a table name into a SQL query? With safe, I mean that I don't want to do  $sql = "SELECT * FROM $table WHERE 1"


I'm new in ubuntu and when I try every time to install a program sometimes I install the program by apt-get command or by snap so, please anyone can tell me when I should use snap or apt-get? thank you

This is not a duplicate of the following questions     because:  My question specifically states that I am interested in end-user experience, not ease or efficiency of development, which is what the other question largely refers to.  As has been noted, development/deployment affects end-user experience, but it is not all there is to it, and neither of the referenced questions address issues that directly impact an end-user's ability to use the application (e.g. trouble accessing data on other partitions, sluggishness, etc.) Maybe "compelling" wasn't the right word to use; my intent was to ask about real-world, experiential consequences, i.e., things that happen or  don't happen, as opposed to theoretical/architectural statements that, while presumably accurate, don't appear to be backed up with any real-world examples to support the statement. I should have stated more directly that my intention was to get answers that consider the balance of "advantages" to snaps against the real-world downsides experienced by end-users. The "duplicate" question is largely theoretical, and doesn't discuss end-user experience at all. The "duplicate" question makes no mention of anything remotely similar to the example I used here, i.e., that there is an end-user downside to snaps (in this case, lack of access to data on other partitions and snap app performance) that isn't discussed in any available documentation that I can find.   While I understand that snap has a big advantage in making apps more widely available, is there any compelling reason to choose snap over apt, if the app is available for my distro/version via an apt package? I am curious because I've been doing some reading about snaps, and all the excitement about the method seems to be about things that are advantageous for app developers, but I've seen virtually nothing on how this makes life easier for end users (aside from the obvious; that they may be able to install apps that aren't otherwise available on their distro/version). I installed snapd and installed a couple of snaps and was really frustrated and disappointed.  The snap apps are slow and it's difficult, if not impossible, to access files on other partitions from within the snap. While I've seen plenty of info that says snaps are "faster," "easier," "safer," etc., I haven't been able to find anything that explains why or how this is actually the case. Being very new to Linux, I am wondering if maybe I'm just missing something obvious? To be clear, I understand why the technology might be useful overall, but I can't find anything that explains whether/why it is a better option even when the app in question is available for install via a more traditional method, and all dependencies are met.


When I try to change a sudo password, it say it doesn't work even running the  mount -rw -o remount / When you run that command it would say i worked from the root menu but would still be invalid when you logged in.

If I change the password for the root user is that going to automatically change the password for the user account?   I found this link for root:    How do I change the user account password?


I am trying to turn my standard shifting bicycle into an automatic shifter using a motor to increase and decrease the tension in the shifter cable. The problem is that a lot of torque is required to do this, so I was considering cutting the return spring off.   I know this is permanent, so I want to make sure that I am doing the right thing before making the cut. I am planning on installing a spring with a much lower spring constant on the cable itself (see image).    This is another thread with a similar topic. Móż suggested cutting this spring.    I am really new to bicycle engineering, so please excuse my lack of knowledge on the topic.

I am planning to build an electronically controlled automatic bike transmission for my senior design project. I'm personally more of an electrical guy, so dealing with the mechanics is somewhat new to me. I would have loved to use an off-the-shelf electronic derailleur, but alas, they are too cost prohibitive (the school has allotted a budget of $115 per student and we're a group of two, so we have $230 to spend). So I'm going to need to make my own like several other people have done.  I am planning on using the bike's current derailleurs and replacing the hand shifters with motors of some sort to pull on the cables. Of course, we're going to need a certain amount of torque to shift up (and much less for shifting down) and a holding torque to ensure that we don't accidentally slip down a gear.   I have not bought a bike yet, I'm looking at a Diamondback bike that I found on Craigslist (it looks like a hybrid bike). So I'm wondering if there are any average measurements for the required torque.  And of course, I'm sure there are many people more experienced in bicycling than I am. So if you have a better solution, please feel free to shout it out. I'm all ears.


I'm using jQuery and Laravel's session flash data to show a notification after every CRUD action. For example:  /* * * Update code goes here */ return Redirect::route('profile')->with('flashMessage', 'Profile updated');   The flash data is by definition available only for the next request. However, if I go to another page (directly after the notification was shown) and hit the browser back button, the flash data is still there, causing the notification to show up again, but this time with no logical reason.  Is there a way to prevent this? I'm testing in Chrome.

So the SMEs at my current place of employment want to try and disable the back button for certain pages.  We have a page where the user makes some selections and submits them to be processed.  In some instances they have to enter a comment on another page.    What the users have figured out is that they don't have to enter a comment if they submit the information and go to the page with the comment and then hit the back button to return to the previous page.    I know there are several different solutions to this (and many of them are far more elegant then disabling the back button), but this is what I'm left with.  Is it possible to prevent someone from going back to the previous page through altering the behavior of the back button.  (like a submit -> return false sorta thing).    Due to double posting information I can't have it return to the previous page and then move to the current one.  I can only have it not direct away from the current page.  I Googled it, but I only saw posts saying that it will always return to the previous page.  I was hoping that someone has some mad kung foo js skills that can make this possible.  I understand that everyone says this is a bad idea, and I agree, but sometimes you just have to do what you're told.


I'm running the following SQL on SQL Server 2000:  exec sp_trace_create @options = 2,          @tracefile = N'h:\\trace.trc',          @filecount = 2   and am getting the following error and can't understand why:     Procedure expects parameter '@tracefile' of type 'nvarchar(128)'   If I pass all of the parameters in like so:  declare @id int  exec sp_trace_create @id output,          @options = 2,          @tracefile = N'h:\\trace.trc',          @filecount = 2,          @maxfilesize = 5,          @stoptime = '2013-8-15'   I get the error:     Procedure or function sp_trace_create has too many arguments specified.

The first batch of the following script calls stored procedure  with parameters in documentation order; the second batch swaps the positions of parameters @tracefile and @options:  DECLARE @new_trace_id INT;  EXECUTE master.dbo.sp_trace_create   @trace_id = @new_trace_id OUTPUT,   @options = 0,   @tracefile = N'C:\temp\TestTrace';  SELECT @new_trace_id AS [@new_trace_id];  EXECUTE master.dbo.sp_trace_setstatus   @trace_id = @new_trace_id,   @status = 2; GO  DECLARE @new_trace_id INT;  EXECUTE master.dbo.sp_trace_create   @trace_id = @new_trace_id OUTPUT,   @tracefile = N'C:\temp\TestTrace',   @options = 0;  EXECUTE master.dbo.sp_trace_setstatus   @trace_id = @new_trace_id,   @status = 2; GO   The first batch creates a new trace, selects its id, and then closes the trace. One result set is returned:  @new_trace_id 2   The second batch fails with an error:     Msg 214, Level 16, State 3, Procedure sp_trace_create, Line 1   Procedure expects parameter '@tracefile' of type 'nvarchar(256)'.   Why does parameter order affect the output of stored procedure sp_trace_create? And why does it fail with such a misleading error message?


I'm currently trying to see if the date value is set to today's date or greater.   var date = document.getElementById("inputDate").value; var varDate = new Date(date); //dd-mm-YYYY var today = new Date();  if(varDate >= today) { //Do something.. alert("Working!"); }   Date format dd-mm-YYYY  The current code above won't work.

Can someone suggest a way to compare the values of two dates greater than, less than, and not in the past using JavaScript? The values will be coming from text boxes.


I have a bootstrap table where I list among other things some links that trigger a jQuery action based on CSS class selector.  The past couple of days been struggling to understand why my selector does not trigger once the sorting of the table is changed (eg any type of sorting, or changing pagination etc).   Calling the action like so would only work until the table is re-sorted but not after that:  $('.class_selector').on('click', function(e) { ... });   Calling it like so appears to work all the time:  $(document).on('click', '.class_selector', function(e){ ... });   I'm guessing the 1st approach attaches the event to the selector whereas the 2nd actually attaches it to the document and thus perform a search for the selector every time the action (ie click) is performed on the selector (ie document)? And then something happens to the document when the bootstrap table is re-sorted?  Could anyone please explain the difference between the two methods above? I've no idea how to begin searching for answers and I cannot find any reference in the documentation for the 2nd approach.   Thanks  Answer: I think I can answer this now for myself? You can delegate events either for selectors that exist at the time of parsing (1st approach), or you can bind them to selectors that might be later added dynamically (2nd approach).

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


Can anyone help me identify this component? It just says 0 or D on it (I think it's a zero). I tested it for conductivity with a multimeter - doesn't seem to have any (tried both polarities in case it's a diode). Tested for resistance: nothing (i.e. infinite resistance), although I'm not 100% sure I was touching the contact points correctly, so don't take this as an ultimate measurement. Thanks in advance!

It is used on a small board RFID antenna circuit based on the TMS3705:    At the first check it seems to be a 0 ohm resistor, but the dimension 4x4mm its strange.  Any ideas?  L.


I have a default sphere and created ornamental design. I want to coil or wrap on the sphere. I tried shrinkwrap modifier but it did not work. Is there any other i can coil or wrap the design on the sphere.      Similar to like this    Below Aladdin lamp is my model and i want to wrap on that lamp.   Any suggestion or help. Thanks

I have base of the machine and the button separate model. I want the button to be bend and shrink so that it fix on the top of the machine.          I tried shrinkwrap and bend option but its not working.  With bend option i got this result    With shrinkwrap option i got this result    I want to achieve this result


I have been given this task to design a single 8x4 memory chip using only 2x1 memory chips. I have been searching everywhere on google for some decent information or example of how this is done, but sadly came up empty handed. Can anyone please help me out or at least point me in the right direction?

Construct an 8k X 32 ROM using 2k X 8 ROM chips and any additional  required components.  Show how the address and data lines of the constructed 8k X 32 ROM are  connected to the 2k X 8 chips.  I tried to solve it but I am not sure if I got the correct answer. Could anyone check my drawing and correct me?


How do I find binary path of Firefox ? I'm using the dev edition and the solution I found here  didn't help as the command which firefox outputted nothing.  whereis firefox outputted the lib location within the system which lead me to firefox's plugins.  which firefox-dev outputted nothing as well.  Any ideas ?

Mozilla released the Firefox Developer Edition! How do I install it on Ubuntu?  Source:


1) One-third of the population of sub-Saharan Africa is undernourished.      2) Nearly 70 percent of the population still live in the countryside.      3) One-third of the residents live below the poverty level.   Why is a singular verb "is" used after "One-third of the population" while a plural verb "live" is used after "70 percent of the population"?  Why is a singular verb "is" used after "One-third of the population" while a plural verb "live" is used after "One-third of the residents"?

Does a percentage require a singular or plural verb, for example, do we say ten percent "go" or "goes"?


Given n objects held by n people, how to find the total number of valid exchanges, where a valid exchange means that all persons hold different objects after the exchange?  eg for 4 objects 1 2 3 4: valid exchanges are:  2 1 4 3  2 3 4 1  2 4 1 3  3 1 4 2  3 4 1 2  3 4 2 1  4 1 2 3  4 3 1 2  4 3 2 1  Therefor the total number of valid exchanges are 9.

I understand the whole concept of Rencontres numbers but I can't understand how to prove this equation  $$D_{n,0}=\left[\frac{n!}{e}\right]$$  where $[\cdot]$ denotes the rounding function (i.e., $[x]$ is the integer nearest to $x$). This equation that I wrote comes from solving the following recursion, but I don't understand how exactly the author calculated this recursion.  $$\begin {align*}  D_{n+2,0} & =(n+1)(D_{n+1,0}+D_{n,0}) \\ D_{0,0} & = 1 \\ D_{1,0} & = 0  \end {align*} $$


This is core of the function i am currently writing.  #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cctype> #include <ctime> #include <cstring>  const char *words[] = {     "pigu",     // "third",     // "country",     // "human",     // "define", }; #define word_count (sizeof(words) / sizeof(char *)) const char *allowed_chars = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";  const char *get_random_word() {     return words[rand() % word_count]; }  char *copy(const char *origin) {     char *str = NULL;     str = (char *)malloc(sizeof(origin));     strcpy(str, origin);     return str; }  int run() {     const char *selected_word = get_random_word();     char *active_word = copy(selected_word);     char *placeholder_word = copy(selected_word);     char *left_chars = copy(allowed_chars);      free(active_word);     free(placeholder_word);     free(left_chars);     return 1; }  int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {     srand(time(NULL));     while (run())     {     }     printf("\n");     return 0; }   I have stripped out other code and managed to locate the problem to run function, which in this case will run infinitely, however while debugging I have set break points inside run function. Turns out that after running the function run for second time, the program crashes when it tries to execute free(placeholder_word);. Why is this happening and how could i prevent it.

First off, here is some code:  int main()  {     int days[] = {1,2,3,4,5};     int *ptr = days;     printf("%u\n", sizeof(days));     printf("%u\n", sizeof(ptr));      return 0; }   Is there a way to find out the size of the array that ptr is pointing to (instead of just giving its size, which is four bytes on a 32-bit system)?


I am running Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. I added Japanese as a supported language but it is not the top one and no other apps appear in Japanese. How can I get Synaptic to display in English?  Output from locale command:  LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=en_US:en LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_NUMERIC=en_US.UTF-8 LC_TIME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8" LC_PAPER=en_US.UTF-8 LC_NAME=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ADDRESS=en_US.UTF-8 LC_TELEPHONE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MEASUREMENT=en_US.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=   Here is the output from /etc/default/locale.  Looks like we might have found the culprit! Thank you! How do I change these values?  #  File generated by update-locale LANG="ja_JP.UTF-8" LANGUAGE="ja:en_US:en" LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8" LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"

I have a remote server which I installed and have been trying to unsuccessfully change the locale to french for a few hours. Below are the contents of my locale files:  /etc/default/locale:  LANG="fr_FR.UTF-8" LANGUAGE="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_CTYPE="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_NUMERIC="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_TIME="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_COLLATE="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_MONETARY="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_MESSAGES="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_PAPER="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_NAME="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_ADDRESS="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_TELEPHONE="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_MEASUREMENT="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_IDENTIFICATION="fr_FR.UTF-8" LC_ALL="fr_FR.UTF-8   /var/lib/locales/supported.d/local:  fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 en_GB ISO-8859-1 en_GB.UTF-8 UTF-8 en_GB.ISO-8859-15 ISO-8859-15 fr_BE.UTF-8 UTF-8 fr_CA.UTF-8 UTF-8 fr_CH.UTF-8 UTF-8 fr_LU.UTF-8 UTF-8 fr_FR ISO-8859-1   Everything is still defaulting to english dates and the $ currency in my web app. Is there something else I'm overlooking? I should also mention that I have dpkg re-configured and restarted the server after changes were made.


I am sure this will be easily spotted, but it is late here.  Here is my   The desired outcome is that the user will have some feedback when they click on the active calendar links. You can tell the active ones, as the calendar numbers are darker, and they have an 'active' class on them.  Rendered markup:  23	   Right now, nothing happens when you click on any of the links. I feel like it must be my selector, but I'm not capturing it. There is already an event in the js (line 9), and I am just trying to trip the debugger to be sure I've triggered the event.  JS listener:  $('td.active').on('click', function(e) {     debugger; });   I've tried a number of selectors, and I can't seem to figure out the right syntax for this. I feel pretty certain it is just my selector, but I'm open to suggestion.  Please tell me what I'm missing. I could use some help. Thanks.

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


I suspect that this exact integral has been asked about before, but finding it among the sea of questions title "difficult integral" is daunting. I am trying to compute  $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}e^{-\frac{x^{2}}{2}+x}dx$$  This integral showed up when I found myself needing to compute the expected value of $e^{X}$ where $X$ is a standard normal random variable. Wolfram says that the integral evaluates to $\sqrt{e}$, but I haven't been able to get it to work out. Any help would be appreciated.

Problem: Let X be a nonnegative random variable and $log X \sim N(0,1)$, prove that $\mathbb{E}[X^k] = e^{\frac{k^2}{2}}$.  I'm self learning probability in order to understand some theorems in number theory, and this problem came in a book I'm reading.   I know that $\mathbb{E}[X^k]=\mathbb{E}[e^{klog X }]=\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{klog(x)}f_{X}(x)$.  Now, I'm pretty lost in the $f_{X}(x)$ part. I suppose the question is how can I link the logX which its distribution is known and the X but Im not sure what is allowed to use in these cases.   Any help would be really appreciated.   Thanks! :)


Disclaimer: I haven't reviewed in ages. I just see 55k and think, What's the point?  This leads me to wonder if it might not make a psychological difference (and maybe calm the robo-reviewers?) If there was just a simple 'There is something to review' message, and no indication of 'pressure'. (Just imagine if the  had said "2,352,342 images left to label", would you have played?)

Today, the size of the close-votes queue is 55k questions and growing. Is that a problem?   Which action could be taken to clean it up? It seems to be growing faster than Stack Overflow members are capable to handle it.


I would like to check whether a number is in a list and make a decision in the calculation of a macro. I found a neat solution to check the membership of a number,  and it works as long as I don't use it inside my decision macro.   However, I have not been able to use it in the macro \processNum in the code below.  \documentclass[tikz, border=0mm]{standalone} \usepackage{tikz,xfp}  \usepackage{xstring} \newcommand\IfStringInList[2]{\IfSubStr{,#2,}{,#1,}} % Adapted from https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/260909/23594  \newcommand{\singleBox}[4]{%     \fill(\fpeval{#1}mm,\fpeval{#2}mm) rectangle     (\fpeval{#1} mm + \fpeval{#3} mm,\fpeval{#2} mm - \fpeval{#4} mm); }  \newcommand{\processNum}[5] % {     \fpeval{         \IfStringInList{#1}{1,17,130,109}{1}{0} ? #3 + 39 + (#4 + #5)   + (#2-1) :          \IfStringInList{#1}{4,11,100,189}{1}{0} ? #3 + 39 + (#4 + #5)*2 + (#2-1) :          \IfStringInList{#1}{9,19,124,167}{1}{0} ? #3 + 39 + (#4 + #5)*3 + (#2-1) :          0 } }  \begin{document}     \IfStringInList{17}{1,17,130,109}{1}{0} % Works just fine. [for debugging purposes].     \IfStringInList{16}{1,17,130,109}{1}{0} % Works just fine. [for debugging purposes].      \begin{tikzpicture}         \draw[draw=black] (0mm,0mm) rectangle (300 mm, 400 mm);         \singleBox{100}{200}{24}{13} % This works just fine. [for debugging purposes]         \singleBox{\processNum{1}{1}{0}{2}{1.46}}{200}{24}{13} % Fails at this line.     \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   The error message is:  Undefined control sequence. ...convertNum{1}{1}{0}{2}{1.46}}{200}{24}{13}

Is there any way to check whether an integer is a member of a list of integer numbers and return a boolean?   I found this neat solution,  that does a great job. It checks whether a string exists in a list of strings:   \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xstring} \newcommand\IfStringInList[2]{\IfSubStr{,#2,}{,#1,}} \begin{document}     \IfStringInList{Paul}{George,John,Paul,Ringo}{True}{False} \end{document}    However, it does return a string not a boolean "true" or "false" and caused me some difficulty which is posted .    Let's call the macro I would like to have \ISMEMBER. My goal is to use \ISMEMBER and examine whether an integer is in the list and depending on whether it is or not, perform some tasks, as an example:  \fpeval{ \ISMEMBER{1}{1,2,3,4,5} ? \MACRO_FOR_MEMBERS : \MACRO_FOR_NON_MEMBERS }   Is such functionality possible?


I'm learning about the "coding to an interface to hide implementation details" design principle, and I'm confused over this idea. In my example, I have a WorkoutRoutine class that has a List of RoutineStep. By following the coding to an interface principle, my getWorkoutRoutine() method will return the List interface so that the implementation details of which list is used is hidden from the client. What if I decide to change the implementation from a List of RoutineStep to an array of RoutineStep, won't disclosing the return type as List reveal to the client that a list was implemented and not an array, tree, graph, or any other data structure? How can I best encapsulate my data structure for holding a collection of RoutineStep, such that I can change the implementation of the data structure without the client code breaking if the List was changed to an array, tree, graph, etc? public class WorkoutRoutine {            private List<RoutineStep> workoutRoutine;       public List<RoutineStep> getWorkoutRoutine() {          //What if I later decide to change the data structure from a List to an array, tree,               //graph, set, map. What approach should I take so that the client code doesn't break          //as they would have already coded to receive a List but after changing the           //implementation from a list to an array or any other data structure, their code would           //break.      } }

I have seen this mentioned a few times and I am not clear on what it means. When and why would you do this?   I know what interfaces do, but the fact I am not clear on this makes me think I am missing out on using them correctly.   Is it just so if you were to do:  IInterface classRef = new ObjectWhatever()   You could use any class that implements IInterface? When would you need to do that? The only thing I can think of is if you have a method and you are unsure of what object will be passed except for it implementing IInterface. I cannot think how often you would need to do that.   Also, how could you write a method that takes in an object that implements an interface? Is that possible?


I'm wanting to remove a compressor from a fridge, I need to release the gas(r600a - safe) first. Initially I thought you had to cut or pierce the copper piping attached to the compressor but I've watched a video where he cuts the capillary pipe. Cutting the capillary would be easier and safer than the larger copper pipes. Will this release all the gas?

Can I safely cut a fridge compressors copper pipes if it uses r600a gas. I've read of people taking out fridge compressors but I want to check whether it's safe to cut the pipes like this?


In my project I reference a managed dll, that references other unmanaged dlls. I would like to know how I can embed these unmanaged dlls instead of putting them in the application's directory. I can not embed them as I would with a regular managed dll since they can not be added as a reference in my project. Thanks

I have a managed C# dll that uses an unmanaged C++ dll using DLLImport. All is working great. However, I want to embed that unmanaged DLL inside my managed DLL as explain by Microsoft there:    So I added the unmanaged dll file to my managed dll project, set the property to 'Embedded Resource' and modify the DLLImport to something like:  [DllImport("Unmanaged Driver.dll, Wrapper Engine, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]   where  'Wrapper Engine' is the assembly name of my managed DLL 'Unmanaged Driver.dll' is the unmanaged DLL  When I run, I get:     Access is denied. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80070005   (E_ACCESSDENIED))   I saw from MSDN and from  that's supposed to be possible...


I am writing to data in excel , My process is :   Get data from website Store data into Array Write into excel   Problem :   It writes data first time perfectly , But second time when it reaches to Write() function , it fires null pointer exception.  I have checked by debug that data is in array but not writing second time.  Code :  public static void Write_To_Excel() throws IOException     {           int lastrow = 0;         FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream("E:\\Data.xls");         Workbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(input);         Sheet sh = wb.getSheet("sheet1");         Row row = sh.getRow(0);         lastrow = sh.getLastRowNum();            for(int c=0;c<URLs.size();c++)         {              System.out.println(URLs.get(c).toString());             //driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("body")).sendKeys(Keys.CONTROL +"\t");             driver.get(URLs.get(c).toString());                   String Name = driver.findElement(By.id("ProductOverrideName")).getAttribute("value");                  String Manufacturer = driver.findElement(By.id("ManufacturerName")).getAttribute("value");                  String MPN = driver.findElement(By.id("ProductManufacturerPartNumber")).getAttribute("value");                  String Size = driver.findElement(By.id("SizeName")).getAttribute("value");                  String Color = driver.findElement(By.id("ColorName")).getAttribute("value");                  String Option = driver.findElement(By.id("OptionName")).getAttribute("value");                  String Mkeywords = driver.findElement(By.id("ProductOverrideMetaKeywords")).getAttribute("value");                  String Mdesc = driver.findElement(By.id("ProductOverrideMetaDescription")).getAttribute("value");                   driver.switchTo().frame(0);                   String Desc = driver.findElement(By.xpath("/html/body")).getText();                  driver.switchTo().defaultContent();                   ProductData = new ArrayList<String>();                   ProductData.add(Name);                  ProductData.add(Manufacturer);                  ProductData.add(MPN);                  ProductData.add(Size);                  ProductData.add(Color);                  ProductData.add(Option);                  ProductData.add(Mkeywords);                  ProductData.add(Mdesc);                  ProductData.add(Desc);                   lastrow = sh.getLastRowNum();                  Row newrow = sh.getRow(lastrow);                  newrow = sh.createRow(lastrow+1);                     for(int d=0;d<ProductData.size();d++)                  {                      try{                       System.out.println(ProductData.get(d).toString());                      Cell cell = newrow.createCell(d);                      cell.setCellValue(ProductData.get(d).toString());                    }catch(Exception E)                  {                       E.printStackTrace();                  }                   }                   input.close();                   try{                   FileOutputStream webdata = new FileOutputStream ("E:\\Data.xls");                   wb.write(webdata);                   wb.close();                    }catch(Exception E)                   {                       E.printStackTrace();                   }              }          }   First time everything works fine , When it comes second time at wb.write(webdata); , It fires null pointer exception.

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


My book says that $\subset$ is used to represente any subset, proper or improper, needing in this case to show the anti symmetric property of sets. ($A = B \iff A \subset B \, \, \wedge \,\, B \subset A)$  And $\subseteq$ is used specifically to represent improper subsets. (In other words, $A \subseteq B \iff A = B) $  But i saw so many articles using $\subseteq$ and not $\subset$ then i am kinda suspicious about this definition.  If this definition is correct, why $\subseteq$ it's so used? Just because it helps to prove the equality betwen the sets?   Thanks for the help.

Inspired by the confusion in the comments on :  I always thought that the standard was to read $\subset$ as "is a strict subset of", and $\subseteq$ could mean proper or improper inclusion.  Was I wrong?


I was taking a look at this post which details the database schema for the Stack Exchange Data Explorer. I had one question about the Posts data set: what are the reasons that the FavoriteCount column has elements that are not available?   At first, I thought that this could be completely explained by the PostTypeId column--after all, if the post wasn't a question, it can't be favorited. However, I noticed that there are some questions that have a NA value, even though they're questions. Why is this?

I was  when I noticed some questions have a favourite count of 0, while the majority have a favourite count of NULL. What's the reason behind this? For the questions with a count of 0, did somebody add it as a favourite in the past and removed it later (possibly even when their account was removed)? Looking at , it might very well be the case.    This behaviour seems to happen on all sites in the network, not just Meta. I've already checked migrations as a possible cause, but nope. Here are two queries to view more examples:       A related issue is . While this behaviour makes writing some niche queries slightly more complex than needed, it's far from being a bug and this question is also to satisfy my curiosity.


When I was initially learning to use LaTeX, the professor who taught me the basics instructed me to use \\ as a way to end a previous line and start a new line of text.  However, many of the veteran users on this forum are opposed to this method.  Is there a method that is objectively better (and not just preferred) over the others and why?

What is the difference between \par, \newline, \\ and blank lines? When should I use which one?


I had an issue with flickering on chrome and I saw what seemed to be a fix on the following thread:   so I did the following:  sudo nano /usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d/20-intel.conf   Paste this:  Section "Device"    Identifier "Intel Graphics"    Driver "intel"    Option "AccelMethod" "sna"    Option "TearFree" "true"    Option "DRI" "3" EndSection Save (CTRL + O) and reboot."   Except than on reboot, after I enter my encryption password, I have a black screen. I'am on 16.04 and my computer is an Asus UX305F. I would be very grateful for any help. Thanks a lot.

I am trying to boot Ubuntu on my computer.  When I boot Ubuntu, it boots to a black screen.  How can I fix this? Table of Contents:


In one part of my site, some accent characters (é,à...) are replaced by black question marks. It is for sure some encoding character but the thing is that everywhere the site displays well, except for the $html variable whose accent are corrupted and which is set this way    $html = <<<EOF  <div>...   <header>... EOF;   What is weird is that on my local machine, everything goes well but on my remote machine, it is failing. For information, I correctly set this <meta charset="utf-8">

I'm setting up a new server and want to support UTF-8 fully in my web application. I have tried this in the past on existing servers and always seem to end up having to fall back to ISO-8859-1.  Where exactly do I need to set the encoding/charsets? I'm aware that I need to configure Apache, MySQL, and PHP to do this — is there some standard checklist I can follow, or perhaps troubleshoot where the mismatches occur?  This is for a new Linux server, running MySQL 5, PHP, 5 and Apache 2.


Now I cannot add any menu entry to my main menu structure, possibly because I attempted to modify it using a cache plugin.  Anybody knows how I can fix that and make the menu editable again?  Thank you

Suddenly I cannot add any menu entry via the "Menu" settings option (....wp-admin/nav-menus.php).  Any new menu I set results in de-selecting the currently selected menu and saving a "null" menu structure in my homepage!  Any help would be greatly appreciated because my home page is affected/  Thank you


When I was in my teens, I think (if so it must have been in the seventies or early eighties), I read a short story about a single person landing in a space ship on a hostile military planet, and then driving everyone mad there with paradoxes. In this way he managed to beat them, or get out safely or something like that. Maybe even engender a revolution.  The reason I would like to find this story again, is that it ends with a description of him back in his ship and on his way, trying to think of a cardinality between those of the natural numbers and the real numbers. This clearly was about the continuum hypothesis, although I don't think it was named like that in the story. And then the story ends with something like "... and then he did not look stable at all."  This might have been a Robert Sheckley story, but I searched for a long time and haven't found it, so this may not be the case.

I read the really funny story about 30-40 years ago, probably around the 1970's to 1980's. It was a short that tells how 3 races (one human, one insect-like and one ???) land together on a new planet with a species that is really annoyed that the strangers just sit on the ledge of the door of the spaceship instead of attacking them.  Eventually they take the human and imprison him. While he's there, the insect flies inside to work out the plan to get this planet to cooperate with them.


I don't understand assigning workers in this game. I have a bunch of crops that need tending, but not many of them are getting the attention needed.  I have tried to assign one person to do it. Do I have to click assign on each individual plant? Or do I just click 'Command' and then look at the items I want to assign?

When building various structures such as the guard post or the scavenger workbench, you're prompted to assign a worker to the resource object:    However... I'm not seeing any indication of how I'm meant to achieve this, and without assigning a worker the structure doesn't operate...    How do I assign a worker to a resource object?


Via this  i studied the single layer Perceptron convergence proof (= maximum number of steps).  In the convergence proof inside this document , the learning rate is implicitly defined as 1 . After studying it, by myself i tried to re-do the proof inserting this time a generic learning rate $\eta $.  The result is that the result remains the same:  $k\leq \frac{R^{2}\left \| \theta ^{*} \right \|^{2}}{\gamma ^{2}}$  that is the learning rate $\eta$ cancelled out in the proof.  Is it possible , or i make mistakes in my proof ?

The convergence of the "simple"  says that:  $$k\leqslant \left ( \frac{R\left \| \bar{\theta} \right \|}{\gamma } \right )^{2}$$  where $k$ is the number of iterations (in which the weights are updated), $R$ is the maximum distance of a sample from the origin, $\bar{\theta}$ is the final weights vector, and  $\gamma$ is the smallest distance from $\bar{\theta}$ to a sample (= the margin of hyperplane).  Many books implicitly say that  $\left \| \bar{\theta} \right \|$ is equal to 1. But why do they normalize it ?


The book 'English Grammar in Use, Murphy' contains the following exercise under the Present perfect/Present perfect continuous chapter:   Are you OK? You look as if ____ (you / cry).   I have not found any explanations why 'have been crying' is the correct answer.   Based on my understanding, the action has already been completed (the person has cried and now we're asking her by focusing on the result of the action). Other words, I can't imagine a situation when we're asking someone who's crying right now by focusing on the activity and not the result.  Would anyone explaining the Present Perfect Continuous choice here?

Non-native speakers often get confused about what the various tenses  and aspects mean in English. With input from some of the folk here I've put together a diagram that I hope will provide some clarity on the matter.  I offer it as the first answer to this question. Consider it a living document. Input is welcome, and good suggestions will be  incorporated into the diagram.    Nota bene: What this is not is a discussion of whether there are  more than two tenses in English. , to which this question is not intended to supply arguments one way or the other.  Here, the aim is to provide an overview of what constructions English-speaking people use for conveying information about actions referring to past, present, and future, and to provide it first and foremost to precisely the people who are likely to use "tense" as a catch-all term in their search, rather than to linguists who know better.  Breaking News There is now an excellent ELU blog article titled  . It is highly recommended reading.


I'm writing a Terms of Use page using , which is contained within a card-panel. I find that 'as-is', the spacing at the top is too much:    Here, the margin-top of the h4 element get added to the padding of the containing card-panel, which is 24px. I think the former is actually sufficient spacing by itself from the top of the shadowed box, so I tried setting padding-top of this card-panel to zero using the following SCSS rule:  .lucy-terms {   .card-panel.lucy-card-panel {     padding-top: 0;   } }   However, with this enabled, I find that the spacing becomes too small:    When I highlight it, it seems like the margin-top of the h4 element falls outside the box. Shouldn't the margin of the element fall within the containing element? How can I fix this?  I've included the relevant snippet below.    body {   background-color: #f3f3f3; }  .card-panel.lucy-card-panel {   padding-top: 0; }              <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/materialize/1.0.0-beta/css/materialize.min.css">

Terms of Use

PLEASE NOTE THAT YOUR USE OF AND ACCESS TO OUR SERVICES (DEFINED BELOW) ARE SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TERMS. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO ALL OF THE FOLLOWING, YOU MAY NOT USE OR ACCESS THE SERVICES IN ANY MANNER.

Effective date: April 2, 2018

So essentially does margin collapsing occur when you don't set any margin or padding or border to a given div element?


I have been thinking of this sentence:     All these factors culminated in my choosing [some life decision].   Is the usage of my choosing correct?

I assume that the following sentences are grammatically correct:   He resents your being more popular than he is. Most of the members paid their dues without my asking them. They objected to the youngest girl's being given the command position. What do you think about his buying such an expensive car? We were all sorry about Jane's losing her parents like that.   I'm still getting used to this possessive gerund structure. It sounded so weird to me at first. Is the structure used in both formal and informal contexts? Are there any alternative structures that result in the same meaning and are more frequently used? (Examples taken from )


I have a problem with encoding Polish letters in TeXmaker. What I mean by this is that:    when I write Polish letters in TeXmaker they are visible as Polish letters: ą, ę, ć and so on  yet after compilation what I get in dvi or pdf are just question marks similarly, if I open tex file written in TeXmaker and containing Polish letters in WinEdt, what I get are question marks as well if I produce a file containing polish letters in TeXmaker, close it and re-open in TeXmaker — again question marks   I know there must be some problem with encoding, yet I have no idea how to solve it.     The question has been marked as duplicate, however the original answer which was pointed to me does not concern the problem of Polish signs in TeXmaker and in a source file. Texenthusiast's answer below helped me to solve that problem as well.

How to type these special letters from European languages in latex? ä, é, and L'?


I have Windows XP SP2 installed on my laptop, its been infected by a virus, which creates autorun.inf in each of my drives as read-only, hidden and system file attribute being set, and which generates some EXE file and PIF file. I tried some free versions of anti-rootkit, anti-malware, registry scanning softwares but of no use. For most of them it denies installation. I also tried online scanning but it disconnects the process. Then I deleted them using Live Ubuntu running on a bootable USB. But after rebooting the laptop in Windows XP they were autogenerated again. I think the registry is being affected by the virus which is restoring them. I dont want to format my laptop. Earlier the safemode was also being disbled but anyhow I enabled it then, I tried deleting the autorun.inf files from there Is there any way to check what is causing them to be autogenerate.

What should I do if my Windows computer seems to be infected with a virus or malware?  What are the symptoms of an infection? What should I do after noticing an infection? What can I do to get rid of it? how to prevent from infection by malware?   This question comes up frequently, and the suggested solutions are usually the same. This community wiki is an attempt to serve as the definitive, most comprehensive answer possible. Feel free to add your contributions via edits.


I'm trying to return a 2d array but it gives me the errors:  could not convert brace-enclosed initializer list to int cannot convert 'int ()[(((sizetype)(((ssizetype)terrainSize) + -1)) + 1)]' to 'int' in return  #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <gl/glut.h> #include <gl/gl.h>  int* terrainGenerator(int terrainSize){     int tArray[terrainSize][terrainSize];     tArray[0][0] = {1,1};     return tArray; }   int main(){     terrainGenerator(1); }

I am trying to return an array Data Member from one smaller 2D Array Object, and trying to insert the array into a larger 2D array object. But when attempting this, I came into two problems.  First problem is that I want to return the name of the 2D array, but I do not know how to properly syntax to return 2D Array name.  This is what my 2D Array data member looks like   private: int pieceArray[4][4]; // 2D Smaller Array   and I want to return this array into a function, but this one causes a compiler error:   int Piece::returnPiece() {     return pieceArray; //not vaild     // return the 2D array name }   I tired using this return type and it worked:   int Piece::returnPiece() {     return pieceArray[4][4]; }   But I am unsure if this is what I want, as I want to return the array and all of it's content.  The other problem is the InsertArray() function, where I would put the returnPiece() function in the InsertArray()'s argument.  The problem with the InsertArray() is the argument, heres the code for it:   void Grid::InsertArray( int arr[4][4] ) //Compiler accepts, but does not work {     for(int i = 0; i &lt x_ROWS ; ++i)     {          for (int j = 0; j &lt y_COLUMNS ; ++j)          {              squares[i][j] = arr[i][j];          }     } }   The problem with this is that it does not accept my returnPiece(), and if i remove the "[4][4]", my compiler does not accept.  Mostly all these are syntax errors, but how do I solve these problems?   Returning the whole pieceArray in returnPiece() The correct syntax for the argument in InsertArray() The argument of InsertArray() accepting the returnPiece()   These 3 are the major problems that I need help with, and had the same problem when I attempt to use the pointer pointer method. Does anyone know how to solve these 3 problems?


How do I find the symmetry point for a graph based on a quadratic equation?

I'm taking a course on Basic Conic Sections, and one of the ones we are discussing is of a parabola of the form  $$y = a x^2 + b x + c$$  My teacher gave me the formula:  $$x = -\frac{b}{2a}$$  as the $x$ coordinate of the vertex.  I asked her why, and she told me not to tell her how to do her job.  My smart friend mumbled something about it involving calculus, but I've always found him a rather odd fellow and I doubt I'd be able to understand a solution involving calculus, because I have no background in it.  If you use something you know from calculus, explain it to someone who has no background in it.  Because I sure don't.  Is there a purely algebraic or geometrical yet elegant derivation for the $x$ coordinate of a parabola of the above form?


Ok here is the code snippet that I am having the problem with (class name has been changed due to work reason)  const std::map<A*, std::pair<int, B*> > &aMap = ot->getAMap(); A *a = getAFromSomewhere(); B* b = aMap[a].second; //The line that the compilation error points to.      Error: The operation "const std::map<A*, std::pair<int, B*>, std::less<A*>, std::allocator<std::pair<A*const, std::pair<int, B*>>>>[A*]" is illegal.   anyone has any idea why this is so?

Is there a reason why passing a reference to a std::map as const causes the [] operator to break? I get this compiler error (gcc 4.2) when I use const:     error: no match for ‘operator[]’ in   ‘map[name]’   Here's the function prototype:  void func(const char ch, std::string &str, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &map);   And, I should mention that there is no problem when I remove the const keyword in front of std::map.  If I've been instructed correctly, the [] operator will actually insert a new pair into the map if it doesn't find the key, which would of course explain why this happens, but I can't imagine that this would ever be acceptable behavior.  If there is a better method, like using find instead of [], I'd appreciate it. I can't seem to get find to work either though... I receive const mismatched iterator errors.


I am a bit of a novice when it comes to Blender and I'm having trouble fixing a very noticeable seam on a mirrored object (a head). I've checked to see if there's vertices that haven't been merged near the seam to no such luck. I've changed the order of the modifiers (mirror and subdivision surface). "Clipping" and "Merge" are both enabled within the mirror modifier too. I've even copied and pasted one side of the head, flipped it and then tried to merge the vertices but that won't work either.  I hope this isn't a silly question, but I'm only a university student and would really appreciate the help! Thank you! :)

I was practicing with modeling a leaf using a image reference. Everything went fine and I finished modeling my leaf, but I wanted to make it more realistic (I'll add textures later), I saw lots of people using the Subdivision Surface modifier but it doesn't work for me.  My model:   My model when I add the Subdivision Surface modifier


On the Activity section of the profile page, there's a little blue hat in the top-right corner of the badge section. When I receive a badge, it gets partially covered by a congratulatory message. When I press "Let us pick" to dismiss the message, or dismiss it by any other means, the blue hat in the corner disappears entirely.  The fact that the message partially covers the hat seems like it is probably an intentional feature, .  The fact that the hat disappears after dismissing the message seems like it is a separate issue, and probably unintentional/undesired.

Normally the hat picker is on top of the "Badges" box in your activity tab, but when there's a "Congratulations" there, the hat picker appears behind it:    Also, as @MikeMiller mentions, the hat disappears after you click "let us pick".


I recently tried my LVL20 free to play account again and noticed that when I was in PVP, I actually became LVL29. The item levels of my gear were also scaled to 34 or 35. Now I am stuck with the following problem: because items change upon entering PVP, I don't know how to compare them anymore. For Items that I already have I could just try them all, but I just have no idea what to hunt for now. So, my question is: Given an item, how can I determine in advance how good it will be for PVP?  I have already looked for a guide or database, but didn't find one that took this mechanism into account. I have also not found any formula to use.

I am trying to figure out the algorithm/formula for item stat scaling in WoW. If you play in battlegrounds or arenas, your item's stats increase to the highest possible level in that bracket. So if you're level 10 your items will be boosted to level 19 in that bracket. 20 will be 29 and so on.  I have an example here:    This item is level level 20 and has 10 armor, 7 agility, and 7 stamina. When you join the arena or battleground, it will increase to this:    I am trying to figure out this algorithm/formula, so I can enter any item's item level and stats, which will then figure out the stats when in a battleground or arena. How would I approach that? I've tried a few isolation equations, but it won't really work :( Thanks in advance!


I play a game and need a word for the following situation.  What do you call a person who asks, and begs multiple times daily and impatiently for items (gear, weapons, weapon upgrades, runs through dungeons) and swears loyalty to your guild or raids team to help and or pay for items later but does nothing in return? Then when you confront that person, they ‘unfriend’ you and leave your guild.

What would you call someone who isn't afraid to ask for money or any kind of favor or who misinterprets someone's generosity for a consistent resource for what they need?


My Prt Sc button is on the same button as my Home button. The Prt Sc is circled and under the word Home. I assume that you push Shift+Home to get Prt Sc to work. That is how it has worked in past iterations of Windows, my current version being Windows 7.  So, I press Shift+Home and open Paint, Photoshop and Word. I then press paste and nothing comes out. I've done it repeatedly with the same results.  I've looked up the process with Windows Help and it tells me to do exactly what I have done. In addition, somewhere in here, it was suggested to open Windows Media Player and take the screen print from there, which I have done, with the same results. I have also tried taking screen prints from VLC media player.  The version of Firefox I am using when I screen print from YouTube is 37.0.2. Any help I can receive is well appreciated. Thank you in advance.

I am trying to take a screenshot of a YouTube video in fullscreen.  When I pause the video and wait a moment, only the bottom UI bar (play/pause/seek) disappears. The top UI bar (Like/Share/More Info) stays there.  So when I press PrintScreen on the keyboard, the screenshot is polluted by this top UI bar. Is there any way to remove it while the video is on pause?


I have just installed Ubuntu 18.04.3. And I wanted to update by running sudo apt update. I got  Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]       Get:2 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [88.7 kB] Hit:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease                         Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]     Fetched 252 kB in 28s (8,883 B/s)                                               Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done 4 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.   After that I ran apt list --upgradable, I got  Listing... Done libsnmp30/bionic-updates 5.7.3+dfsg-1.8ubuntu3.3 amd64 [upgradable from: 5.7.3+dfsg-1.8ubuntu3.1] linux-generic-hwe-18.04/bionic-security,bionic-updates 5.0.0.36.94 amd64 [upgradable from: 5.0.0.23.80] linux-headers-generic-hwe-18.04/bionic-security,bionic-updates 5.0.0.36.94 amd64 [upgradable from: 5.0.0.23.80] linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04/bionic-security,bionic-updates 5.0.0.36.94 amd64 [upgradable from: 5.0.0.23.80]   After this, I ran sudo apt-get upgrade, I got  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages have been kept back:   linux-generic-hwe-18.04 linux-headers-generic-hwe-18.04 linux-image-generic-hwe-18.04 The following packages will be upgraded:   libsnmp30 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded. Need to get 929 kB of archives. After this operation, 1,024 B of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Err:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 libsnmp30 amd64 5.7.3+dfsg-1.8ubuntu3.3   403  Forbidden [IP: 91.189.88.173 80] E: Failed to fetch http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/n/net-snmp/libsnmp30_5.7.3+dfsg-1.8ubuntu3.3_amd64.deb  403  Forbidden [IP: 91.189.88.173 80] E: Unable to fetch some archives, maybe run apt-get update or try with --fix-missing?   Here my repository:  deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security multiverse main restricted universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-updates multiverse main restricted universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic main universe restricted multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports multiverse main restricted universe   How to fix with it?

The first thing I did after installing 16.04 LTS was to change my update server to Main Server. I can not find a similar option in Ubuntu 18.04.  How do I change it?


since I am new to JS / jQuery it is probably a obvious problem (but no exception thrown). I read that I can't use .onclick so i tried this approach with .on("click"...)   I try to build a table that adds new lines under the clicked line. This should also work for the newly created lines.  My html:

Stuff1	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff

Stuff2	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff

Stuff3	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff

Stuff4	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff	Stuff

   My JS:        Thanks for your help! :)

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


When I try to run the .exe file, this error notice comes up.   Archive:  /media/DWA-140/DWA140.exe [/media/DWA-140/DWA140.exe]   End-of-central-directory signature not found.  Either this file is not   a zipfile, or it constitutes one disk of a multi-part archive.  In the   latter case the central directory and zipfile comment will be found on   the last disk(s) of this archive. zipinfo:  cannot find zipfile directory in one of /media/DWA-140/DWA140.exe or           /media/DWA-140/DWA140.exe.zip, and cannot find /media/DWA-140/DWA140.exe.ZIP, period.   Is there any steps I can take to get this to run? Thanks!

So, I just built my PC today, and am only using Ubuntu until I get Windows installed (sorry, guys!) But when I go to click on any .exe file, nothing happens.  It just sits there.  No error message, nothing.  I've seen other people with similar problems, but they all get an error message.  But not me... Whats going on?  How do I fix this?  Help?


In my program, I'm trying to set x and y values to game.getWidth() so that I can access those variables elsewhere. The issue is that when I run the program those variable declarations throw a NullPointerException. I'm not sure exactly why these are causing an error. Is there a way I can fix it?   package data;  import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics2D;  public class Star {  private float mass;   public Star(Game game) {     this.game = game; } private Game game;  //These variables cause the NullPointerException  private int x = game.getWidth() / 2; private int y = game.getHeight() / 2;    public void paint(Graphics2D g) {     g.setColor(Color.WHITE);     g.fillOval(x, y, 12, 12);     g.setColor(Color.BLACK); }   public float getMass() {     return mass; }   public void setMass(float mass) {     this.mass = mass; }   public int getX() {     return x; }   public void setX(int x) {     this.x = x; }   public int getY() {     return y; }   public void setY(int y) {     this.y = y; }  }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


Let $A,B \in {M_n}$ and suppose $tr(A^k) = tr(B^k)$ for all $k$=$1,2,...$ . Why do $A$ and $B$ possess the same characteristic polynomial?

Let $M,N$ be $n \times n$ square matrices over an algebraically closed field with the properties that the trace of both matrices coincides along with all powers of the matrix. More specifically, suppose that $\mathrm{Tr}(M^k) = \mathrm{Tr}(N^k)$ for all $1\leq k \leq n$. The following questions about eigenvalues is then natural and I was thinking it would be an application of Cayley-Hamilton but I am having trouble writing out a proof.  How do we show that $M$ and $N$ have the same eigenvalues?  Added (because this question is now target of many duplicates, it should state its hypotheses properly). Assume that all the mentioned values of $k$ are nonzero in the field considered; in other words either the field is of characteristic $0$, or else its prime characteristic $p$ satisfies $p>n$.


I'm running 18.04. When I try to upgrade to LTS version 20.04 using Software Updater I get message that 19.10 is available.  I've set the upgrade line to "any new version". I've also tried using the command line in the terminal with same results. This has persisted since April 23rd - date 20.04 was released. My system is up to date

Update  appear to have been updated recently (as of writing this the last update appears to have taken place on 3rd of June) to include the following statement:  The -d switch is necessary to upgrade from Ubuntu 18.04 LTS as upgrades have not yet been enabled and will only be enabled after the first point release of 20.04 LTS.  Also note that .  TLDR (as of 15 Aug 2020):   is the canonical tracking document for the first Focal Fossa point-release (20.04.1). It’s a live document. The Ubuntu release team will be updating it as we work on releasing 20.04.1. […] Upgrades from 18.04 to 20.04.1 are still disabled as we are working through a few upgrade blockers   Edit The answers (so far) do not answer the question. The question is pretty simple. Ubuntu.com points to a "FinalRelease", which turns out to be a "Development Release", see evidence below. I'm not asking how and when to upgrade. I'm pointing out what seems to me to be an apparent inconcistency (in semantics, linguistics, logic) in the way Ubuntu names or labels its releases. From an answer to the question I'd except someone to pick up and acknowledge this inconsistency. An answer could start with a "Yes, ..." or a "No, ...", for starters. (Moreover, a good answer could distinguish between the release being in dev stage and/or the upgrade process (e.g. from LTS to LTS) being in dev stage, if appropriate.) This question, as I see it, is not a duplicate. Futher, I think it is a question which deserves a non-patronizing answer. Thanks.   indicates that today (23rd April 2020) the new Ubuntu 20.04 LTS is to be released.  See "condensed screenshot" here:  Indeed, it seems that that's what happened, see  and :  However, when following the instructions to upgrade (from 18.04 LTS to 20.04 LTS) found  and elsewhere (edit: actually , too!), even prior to the July point release, I'm a bit confused to see that the instruction is to use update-manager -d which also points to the "Development Release" (see screenshot below) rather than the "FinalRelease" (see screenshot and link above). Is the "Final Release" (which I'm after) the/a "Development Release"? Why isn't it called something like "Production Release" or "Final Release"? When will it no longer be referred to as "Development Release"? In July? I'm confused :(


When using pipes for example  sudo cat /dev/sda | strings | less   I can move around the lines of strings of my sda device. But are the contents of the sda device loaded fully and outputed to the output stream of cat? Or are the new lines evaluated whenever a program requests output from cat ? ( i.e. i press j on the less pager)

Does anything symbolic happen in chaining bash commands via a pipe or is it all compute-pass-compute-pass?   For example in head t.txt -n 5 | tail -n 2, is head t.txt -n 5 getting computed and then tail -n 2 executes over it. Or first there is some abstraction to tell the shell that lines 3 to 5 are to be read? It might not make a difference in this example, but I guess can in other scenarios.


I want to try something new. I used Windows for a long time.     I have sistem: сore i5-4460 Asus 1050.   I was thinking of installing Ubuntu, just her. But amd is written on the installation file, can it work for me?  Which system might work for me? I also use PHPStorm, Photoshop,Steam , FileZilla and OpenServer. What can you suggest and advise. Thank you so much!

For a given hardware configuration, how do I find out if Ubuntu will run on it? What considerations should I take into account when choosing an Ubuntu version and  such as:    with a lighter desktop than the usual Gnome and Unity  with the even lighter LXDE desktop   Obviously Ubuntu does not run on some processor architectures. So how do I go about choosing the right version and derivate. How can I find out the minmal system requirements?


Im trying to find the exact value of the infinite sum :  3 + 1/3 + 1/27 + 1/243 + 1/2187 + ...  I can see that to generate new terms we take the previous term and divide by 9 or multiply by 9. Not exactly sure if one way or the other makes it any easier. This is what i have come up with to solve the series is this correct and where do i go from here?  $\sum_{k=3}^\infty= K_0 + K_n(1/9)\\ $

How can I find the closed formula for the sum $$1/3 + 1/27 + 1/243 + ...?$$


Say, if we have two trucks travelling towards eachother at 60m/s, and those two trucks carry the same payload, and are the same model (aka they're exactly the same), will the collision force be as if just one truck crashed into a wall at 120m/s?  Theoretically the forces will balance each other out, but it won't always be this way.

I was watching a youtube video the other day where an economist said that he challenged his physics professor on this question back when he was in school. His professor said each scenario is the same, while he said that they are different, and he said he supplied a proof showing otherwise.  He didn't say whether or not the cars are the same mass, but I assumed they were. To state it more clearly, in the first instance each car is traveling at 50mph in the opposite direction and they collide with each other. In the second scenario, a car travels at 100 mph and crashes into a brick wall. Which one is "worse"?  When I first heard it, I thought, "of course they're the same!" But then I took a step back and thought about it again. It seems like in the first scenario the total energy of the system is the KE of the two cars, or $\frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{2}mv^2 = mv^2$. In the second scenario, it's the KE of the car plus wall, which is $\frac{1}{2}m(2v)^2 + 0 =  2mv^2$. So the car crashing into the wall has to absorb (and dissipate via heat) twice as much energy, so crashing into the wall is in fact worse.  Is this correct?  To clarify, I'm not concerned with the difference between a wall and a car, and I don't think that's what the question is getting at. Imagine instead that in the second scenario, a car is crashing at 100mph into the same car sitting there at 0mph (with it's brakes on of course). First scenario is the same, two of the same cars going 50mph in opposite directions collide. Are those two situations identical?  PS: This scenario is also covered in an  of .


To be clear I want to know if the hand could be arranged that way; the cards do not to come out in that order. They could also take the form AABABCB. Ex. (3,hearts)(3,clubs)(3,spades)(jack,diamonds)(jack,spades)(jack,hearts)(5,spades) And that would also qualify.

What is wrong with my method of find the probability of a 2 pair?  For the first card we have 52 choices, one this is picked( call it A) we have 3 choices(different suite than A but this same value) for the second card, ( lets call this card B). Now we have AB, to we have to throw away 2 more cards so we don't have 3 of a kind or a four of a kind. Therefore one our third card we have 48 choices and on our fourth card we have 3 choices again similar to above.  On our last card we only have 44 choices left. So the probablity of getting a 2 pair should be (52*3*48*3*44)/(52 choose 5).  But this isn't correct.     Note: I edited this to "2 pair"; the original version was wrong.


I would like to format a price in JavaScript. I'd like a function which takes a float as an argument and returns a string formatted like this: "$ 2,500.00"  What's the best way to do this?


Story:  While browsing through Reopen reviews, I've clicked at "Leave Closed" button and I was presented with a modal dialog asking me to "Nominate the post for reopening / OK / Cancel". I've pressed "Cancel" and the case was resolved as I wanted: LeftClosed. I do not know what happens if I'd pressed "OK". I've not checked that in case it would interpret it as "Reopen" vote.  Bug/suggestion:  As far as I remember, the popup was related to "Reopen" button, not to "Leave closed" one. For "Leave closed" it makes a little sense. I think that 'back then' there was no popup dialog at all when voting for leave-closed, so I think that this dialog should be simply skipped for that button.  Repeatability:  100% over two 'leave closed' votes today.

This is rather difficult to describe with fancy pictures with red circles but it's easily reproducible.  Whenever I click Leave Closed in the re-open queue on MSO the "nominate this question for re-opening" pop-up appears. I normally press escape out of shock and a leave closed vote is recorded.  This is the latest review it's happened to me on:   You can also test it on , I clicked reopen this time and a leave closed vote was recorded but I also got a red popup stating that an error had occurred.  This is also occurring when the Edit & Reopen button is clicked, the edit box opens for a second before being overridden by the popup.


There is a string variable that has a path like /app/something/xx/4/profile besides there is an array of string like **  const arr=[      {name:'xx',etc...},       {name:'yy',etc...},      {name:'zz',etc...}     ]   I want to find the first index of array that the string variable has the name in simplest way.

What is the most concise and efficient way to find out if a JavaScript array contains a value? This is the only way I know to do it: function contains(a, obj) {     for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {         if (a[i] === obj) {             return true;         }     }     return false; }  Is there a better and more concise way to accomplish this?


To my best knowledge Java uses pass by value. but if you look below I passed a list and added a Integer to it.  Desired output : list before [] and after should be [] Resultant output : list before [] and after is [20]  Also,  if I initialize the list inside static function that my desired output is achieved .  Can i know the reason for this phenomenon please   import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;  public class NormalTest {      public static void testMethod(Integer testInt, List<Integer> sampleList) {         testInt *= 2;         System.out.println(" Inside testInt :: " + testInt);         sampleList.add(testInt);     }      public static void main(String[] args) {         Integer testInt = 10;         List<Integer> sampleList = new ArrayList<>();         System.out.println(" Before testInt :: " + testInt);         System.out.println(" Before sampleList :: " + sampleList);         NormalTest.testMethod(testInt, sampleList);         System.out.println(" After testInt :: " + testInt);         System.out.println(" After sampleList :: " + sampleList);     } }

I always thought Java uses pass-by-reference. However, I've seen a couple of blog posts (for example, ) that claim that it isn't (the blog post says that Java uses pass-by-value). I don't think I understand the distinction they're making. What is the explanation?


I am a student of biology at a State school in New York (SUNY), and my school is very liberal arts focused, I am also a racial minority.  I also have a poor GPA, 2.7ish currently, due to failings of a previous major(in computer science i received F's for 2 classes, and a D for one).  I am trying to do undergrad research, but only have 2 potential presentable results up and coming.  Do grad schools typically fund students like me to get their tuition totally waived and a possible small stipend? What can I do to better my odds at securing such a position? It is the only way I could even consider grad school.

When applying to a PhD program in the US, how does the admissions process work? If an applicant is weak in a particular area, is it possible to offset that by being strong in a different area?  Note that this question originated from this . Please feel free to edit the question to improve it.


I am looking for correlations between certain measures of brain structural integrity (fractional anisotropy, given as ratio between two hemisphere ==> rational data range 0-1, normally distributed) and behavioral parameters from stroke patients which are not normal but in part extremely leftskewed.   Having read numerous posts on assumptions of GLZM which I'd like to apply to assess the data, I still struggle with the assumption of non-normality of Y.     ;  ;  ;  ;   For instance, it reads ".... In normal circumstances, the question isn't 'are my errors (or conditional distributions) normal?' - they won't be, we don't even need to check. A more relevant question is 'how badly does the degree of non-normality that's present impact my inferences?" I suggest a kernel density estimate or normal QQplot (plot of residuals vs normal scores). If the distribution looks reasonably normal, you have little to worry about. In fact, even when it's clearly non-normal it still may not matter very much, depending on what you want to do (normal prediction intervals really will rely on normality, for example, but many other things will tend to work at large sample sizes)...."   Moreover, here it says: ".... Strictly speaking, neither, though the second is the thing you check. What is assumed normal is either the unobservable errors, or equivalently the conditional distribution of Y at each combination of predictors. The unconditional distribution of Y is not assumed to be normal. –  Glen_b May 30 '13 at 13:38 "    or "....Since the residuals are just the y values minus the estimated mean (standardized residuals are also divided by an estimate of the standard error) then if the y values are normally distributed then the residuals are as well and the other way around. So when we talk about theory or assumptions it does not matter which we talk about because one implies the other."   So my question is: Is a GLZM applied to my data valid if the residuals look normally distributed but the Y is not? Would a non-significant Shapiro-Wilk test on the residuals together with a reasonable QQ plots allow to trust the confidence intervals estimated incl. the p-vals?  I would be very grateful if somebody could help and clarify how to face this problem of non-normality in a generalized linear model. Having talked to two colleagues more familiar with modelling I got two different perspectives, A saying that normality of Y is crucial, B saying look at the residuals, GZLM should be robust to non-normal distributions.   Now I am confused with discrepant views on assumptions of GZLM.   "

I have made a generalised linear model with a single response variable (continuous/normally distributed) and 4 explanatory variables (3 of which are factors and the fourth is an integer). I have used a Gaussian error distribution with an identity link function. I am currently checking that the model satisfies the assumptions of the generalised linear model, which are:   independence of Y correct link function correct scale of measurement of explanatory variables no influential observations   My question is: how can I check that the model satisfies these assumptions? The best starting point would seem to be plotting the response variable against each explanatory variable. However, 3 of the explanatory variables are categorical (with 1-4 levels), so what should I be looking for in the plots?  Also, do I need to check for multicollinearity and interactions amongst explanatory variables? If yes, how do I do this with categorical explanatory variables?


I bought a large joint of beef which I roasted on Sunday. On Monday I made a stew from leftovers.   From a food hygiene/bacterial growth perspective am I ok to reheat the stew after freezing/refrigeration? I wouldn't do this with ordinary leftovers but I wonder if the boiling for 1.5Hrs kills any bacteria in the leftovers.  Thanks

I am defrosting a cooked chicken to use in a curry it will be thoroughly heated at a high temperature. If I have too much curry will i be able to freeze it, as the cooked chicken was frozen before?


So i have this code:
 <?php $sql = $koneksi->prepare("SELECT * FROM lapangan ORDER BY id_lap DESC"); if($sql->rowCount() == 0){     echo "There is no product!"; }else{     while($data = mysqli_fetch_assoc($sql)){                 ?>

                                      <img src="<?php echo $data['lap_img']; ?>" style="max-width: 300px" />

<?php echo $data['lap_name']; ?>

<?php echo $data['lap_ket']; ?>

                                      <a href="detail.php?id_lap=<?php echo $data['id_lap'];?>" data-theme="a" data-iconpos="notext" data-role="button">Detail                     <a href="detail.php?id_lap=<?php echo $data['id_lap'];?>" data-theme="g" data-iconpos="notext" data-role="button">Lokasi

             <?php              }           }            ?>
   I wanted to change mysqli_fecth_assoc into PDO. I've searched through some tutorials and it doesn't give me an answer (maybe, because its using loops?). Can anyone help me?

I'm slowly moving all of my LAMP websites from mysql_ functions to PDO functions and I've hit my first brick wall.  I don't know how to loop through results with a parameter.  I am fine with the following:  foreach ($database->query("SELECT * FROM widgets") as $results) {    echo $results["widget_name"]; }   However if I want to do something like this:  foreach ($database->query("SELECT * FROM widgets WHERE something='something else'") as $results) {    echo $results["widget_name"]; }   Obviously the 'something else' will be dynamic.


Using the law of cosines for sides: $\cosh(a) = \cosh(b) \, \cosh(c) - \sinh(b) \, \sinh(c) \, \cos(\alpha) $ I have to show that $\alpha + \beta + \gamma < \pi$ Unfortunately I find no ansatz for this question.

I am hoping that someone can help me see understand a proof that the sum of angles of a hyperbolic triangle $\triangle ABC$ is strictly less than $\pi$.  I want to stick to the upper-half-plane model $\mathbb H:=\{z\in \mathbb C : Im (z)>0\}$ of hyperbolic geometry where lines are either vertical lines or semicircles centered on (but excluding) the $x$-axis.  To simply things, by using an LFT we can take one vertex $A$ to be the point $i$ and another $B$ to be $(0,k)\in \mathbb H$ for some $k>0$.    Now, call the third vertex $C$. We have the other two sides $AC$ and $BC$ as arcs of the circles $C_1 =(x-a)^2+y^2=r_1^2$ and $C_2=(x-b)^2+y^2=r_2^2$, respectively, so that $x^2+1=r_1^2$ and $x^2+k^2=r_2^2$.  In my class notes, there is a brief mention of how this simplification can help us with the proof. However, I do not see at all how this helps us get the result that $\triangle ABC$ sums to less than $\pi$. Therefore, any help is very appreciated.  P.S., My knowledge is elementary, so I am hoping for a proof using basic tools.


If I run   $(</dev/stdin)   Then type echo hello world, press enter, then Ctrl-D  We get  hello world  But why? When I think of I/O and redirection in bash, it only makes sense to me when there's an actual command. I don't understand the behavior when there's no command, and it's just < my_file  Could someone help explain/point me to a primary source that explains this further? Thanks!

I am trying to understand how exactly Bash treats the following line:  $(< "$FILE")   According to the Bash man page, this is equivalent to:  $(cat "$FILE")   and I can follow the line of reasoning for this second line. Bash performs variable expansion on $FILE, enters command substitution, passes the value of $FILE to cat, cat outputs the contents of $FILE to standard output, command substitution finishes by replacing the entire line with the standard output resulting from the command inside, and Bash attempts to execute it like a simple command.  However, for the first line I mentioned above, I understand it as: Bash performs variable substitution on $FILE, Bash opens $FILE for reading on standard input, somehow standard input is copied to standard output, command substitution finishes, and Bash attempts to execute the resulting standard output.  Can someone please explain to me how the contents of $FILE goes from stdin to stdout?


What my problem is, is that I want to install windows xp on my laptop where ubuntu is installed on, I cannot run the disc because it is an .exe and you can't run that on ubuntu. I tried several things and searched for like an hour on the internet, I hope someone knows how to help me.  Sorry for my bad english, I am dutch.  [edit] The answer wich some of you linked is not an answer to my question because I have a black screen after I try to boot with the disc

I have absolutely no experience with Linux, and I desperately need to get my computer back up and running again with Windows.  How do I remove Ubuntu and reinstall Windows?    Editor's note: many of the answers are about removing Ubuntu from dual-boot but keeping Windows (which is a bit complicated), while other answers are about removing Ubuntu from single-boot (which is easy: basically just format the disk while installing Windows). The question as written is ambiguous between dual-boot or single-boot.


I create a span using PHP like this.  if ($subnetkey  == 1 ) { echo ("S/N of: $subnetnum&nbsp;&nbsp;");}   It works, and shows the correct data on screen. Additionally if I look at it using 'Inspect Element' its properly formatted.   S/N of: 780   I have this script at the top of the page. I've also tried it at the bottom.     When I click the span, nothing happens. I get no errors, and of course I don't see the alert fire.  It seems like this is a timing issue between building the page dynamically and using the page. But in case thats not it, what can I do to make the function fire?

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


I have seen this behavior lately when I go to edit a question if it is editing by some one else the white page coming with the message saying "There is a pending suggested edit in the queue, try again in a few minutes.". But the page coming with this message was different with an ajax message before as I can remember. Is this normal?

I just tried to edit a post on Stack Overflow but when I pressed the 'edit' button it showed me this message on a white page.    I know what the message means but I don't think it is supposed to show up in a white page. So, is this a bug or is it something else?