I took this photo below and edited it a little. I didn't know where the lightning would hit so the lens was pretty wide. Since the lightning hit so far away, I scaled it up and blended it with the rest of the image so it looks closer, but I'd still like it to fill the frame more. I'm afraid if I try to scale it up any more, the poor quality will be apparent. Is there anything I can do in photoshop to improve the quality? I also accidentally took it as a jpeg, not raw, is there anything I can do to remove the jpeg artifact? By the way, my end goal is to print this picture.

I have taken a picture whose resolution is less. I can resize the image easily (i.e I can scale to higher resolution) but the image quality goes for a toss, which is true because the image might not have enough pixels to scale properly.   Is resizing a means of increasing the resolution of the image ? Is it possible to increase the pixel density of the image and then resize, so that quality of the image is not affected much?   I mainly use GIMP and Picasa.


Is it possible to make executable appear in the global search path when I am entering to the some specific directory and get it removed once directory changed again?

What is the best way to execute a script when entering into a directory? When I move into a new directory I would like bash to execute the projectSettings.bash script much like RVM does.


About 2 years ago, I wrote some VERY bad questions which obviously got down voted and one question just got closed off because it was irrelevant or because the question was not clear.   Recently, I wanted to have the privilege to be able to ask questions again. I decided to contribute positively to the community by answering questions where I can and I have been a bit successful. I managed to double my reputation points.   Now what I don't understand is, I want to be able to improve the questions I asked two years back but those questions are relevant to me anymore nor do I remember the problems not I have the code. I just don't know what to do about this. I know I cannot delete them, because it will make it worse.  Can someone please, tell me what I can do about these questions?   I hope I don't downvoted and I am aware there are probably duplicate questions. I just want some help.  MY question is unique because it mentions I am trying to improve my existing posts but they are irrelevant and I dont remember the problems nor do I ahve the code anymore.  Thanks,

If you are reading this, you may have been affected by one of our post quality bans. If so, it is important that you  to understand what has happened and how to regain the permissions that you lost. While trying to ask a question, one could see:  We are no longer accepting questions from this account. See  to learn more.  Likewise, for answers:  We are no longer accepting answers from this account. See  to learn more.   Why am I getting this message? Are deleted posts taken into account too? Is a question/answer ban the same as a suspension? How do I avoid getting a question ban? How long do I have to wait before I can post again? What can I do to release the ban? How can I reactivate my account? Can I simply create a new account? I'll just ask somewhere else on the SE network, and they'll migrate my question to the correct site! Will a ban on one Stack Exchange site affect my standing on other sites in the network? Does this apply to meta sites too? My account is in good standing. Why am I still blocked?


I have the following content in wsgi.py file:  import os import sys  from channels.asgi import get_channel_layer from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application  sys.path.append('/home/project') sys.path.append('/home/project/Project_Web_Main')  os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "Project_Web_Main.settings")  application = get_wsgi_application() channel_layer = get_channel_layer()   but I have the following error when importing: from channels.asgi import get_channel_layer  ImportError: No module named channels.asgi

Python is installed in a local directory.    My directory tree looks like this:  (local directory)/site-packages/toolkit/interface.py   My code is in here:  (local directory)/site-packages/toolkit/examples/mountain.py   To run the example, I write python mountain.py, and in the code I have:  from toolkit.interface import interface   And I get the error:  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "mountain.py", line 28, in ?     from toolkit.interface import interface ImportError: No module named toolkit.interface   I have already checked sys.path and there I have the directory /site-packages. Also, I have the file __init__.py.bin in the toolkit folder to indicate to Python that this is a package. I also have a __init__.py.bin in the examples directory.  I do not know why Python cannot find the file when it is in sys.path.  Any ideas?  Can it be a permissions problem?  Do I need some execution permission?


Suppose I may not be profitable, make any money, or receive funding for another year. Should I still create the business entity now?

Should I start an LLC then convert later once it is time for investments? Or just start as a C-Corp now?  At the moment what I have are open source software tools, and ideas on how to monetize them with products built on top of them, but it is going to take some time (months, maybe even more than a year) before any monetizable product is recognizable in terms of being implemented (unless investments can accelerate this).  But I think it would be great to have a business entity now, file trademarks/patents/etc, and be prepared, even if I am not making any money now. (Does it make sense to have an entity if not making money?)  I live in California, but hear I can incorporate in any state.


If $f\in L^2(\mathbb R)\cap AC(\mathbb R)$ and $f'\in L^2(\mathbb R)$ is it true that $\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}f(t)=0$? If true, proof? If false, counterexample?  Thanks  PS: note that the standard proof that works with $f\in L^1(\mathbb R)\cap AC(\mathbb R)$ such that $f'\in L^1(\mathbb R)$, use the fact that if $x\in\mathbb R$ then $\int_x^{+\infty}|f'(t)|dt<+\infty$ to show that the limit is Cauchy and then exists. Here we no longer have that $\int_x^{+\infty}|f'(t)|dt<+\infty$, at least in principle, so, answering the question about $L^1(\mathbb R)$ is not the same of answering the question about $L^2(\mathbb R)$.

I am given $f,f' \in L^1(\mathbb{R})$, and f is absolute continuous, I want to show that:  $$\lim_{|x|\rightarrow \infty} f(x)= 0$$  Not sure how to show this, I know that $f(x)=\int_0^x f'(t) \, dt+f(0)$, and I can assume without loss of generality that $f(0)=0$, any help?  Thanks in advance.


I have a ASUS laptop: Model: X553M  Processor: Intel Pentium Quad-Core N3540 with Intel HD graphics RAM: 4GB 1600MHz OS: Ubuntu 15.10 AMD64 Since the beginning of this week it started freezing after period of times. I had installed Ubuntu 14.04.3, it updated to 14.04.4 and installed latest Enablement Stack on it and now I installed 15.10 and it still freezing. The freeze consist in everything stops working, cannot turn to console mode (ALT + F keys), ALT + SYSRQ + REISUB no response, power led on, only force stop works.  I have installed Intel graphics installed to be sure I have latest Intel graphic driver, HDD has no bad sectors, Memtest86 passed, cannot find any crash logs.  My father uses this laptop and he uses it only for web browsing, he said it randomly froze when he was online. For me I gave it a test and what I've done is I opened Firefox with 5 tabs all with youtube videos running simultaneous and it froze 2 times in an hour, until this test OS install + updates + software installs/replacements I had no issue with it (let's say a total of 2 hours), it worked flawlessly.  Can someone help me find the cause of it so I can remove it?     EDIT: This is not a duplicate of the question: , it is other way around and this question has been answered and the answer was marked accordingly.

My system freezes completely at random, frequent intervals. I started to have the same problem in Ubuntu 14.04 but after recent upgrade to 16.04 there is no improvement, in fact it seems worse.  When it happens, it's impossible to do anything. I've tried everything in this thread:  but nothing works, I have to hard reset. I have read all the system logs and journalctl but there is never any information that could help diagnose the problem.  This is a dual-boot system with Windows 10 and there's no problem there, so it's not defective hardware.  My laptop has an Intel Bay Trail processor (Pentium N3540)


A miserable man who is going to slice his wrists in the bathroom gets an offer to explore a remote planet. He’ll be accompanied by a robot who’s supposed to help him, but instead, as the story progresses, the robot becomes more and more of a nuisance. They have to fight some winged creatures and meet a subterranean tribe that lives in tunnels. Some similarities with Robinson Crusoe.  Could be Sheckley, but I’m not sure.

About 50 years ago I read a short story about a person sent to live on the moon with a robot helper.  Rather than a traditional high IQ athletic astronaut, the man is an average guy in every way.  The project is a test to learn how an ordinary person could cope with the rigors of colonizing a new world, thus aiding in planning future interstellar colonizations by ordinary pioneers.  At the beginning the man makes many mistakes and suffers a variety of accidents and injuries caused by his own clumsiness and other short-comings.  Without the robot helper he would not have survived.  However, as time passes the man becomes much more physically fit and competent in all aspects of survival.  However, at the same time he notices the robot seems to be less and less helpful, making its own mistakes with increasing frequency, often resulting in injury to the man.  The man finally realizes that the scientists who designed the project anticipated that with experience his competence would increase, thereby decreasing his value as a test subject representing ordinary and inexperienced pioneers on a new planet.  Therefore, the scientists programmed the robot to compensate for the man's increasing competence by becoming less competent itself thereby preserving the desired test environment.  The man decides he would be better off without the robot and pushes it into a deep crater, presumably destroyed by the fall.  For a few months everything goes well.  Then, without warning, the robot reappears, having climbed out of the crater.  The robot seeks to inflict on the man at one time all the many problems and injuries it should have caused during the months the robot was absent - which of course would kill the man.  The man outwits the robot (I forget how) and destroys it for good.  I would be very grateful if someone can identify the author and title of this story.


I did this in class, and got no credit. We are now supposed to find a proof that works, can anyone help me with this? Thanks!

In other words, are $\emptyset$ and $\mathbb{R}$ the only open and closed sets in $\mathbb{R}$? Why/Why not?  I tried by assuming a set is equal to its interior points and contains its limit points.  A bounded set will not do since stuff like $[1,4]$ and $\{5\}$ will not work, though that is not really proof. Help please?  Anyway, it must then be unbounded.  If $a$ is a real number then $(a,\infty)$, $(-\infty,a)$, $[a,\infty)$ and $(-\infty,a]$ don't seem to cut it so it must be $\mathbb{R}$.


I have a script that looks like this:  #!/bin/bash  trap 'kill $(jobs -pr) && exit' SIGINT  # Run script 10 times in the background for i in `seq 1 10`; do     python script.py &     sleep .05 done # Wait for result from program sleep 5  # Cleanup scripts kill $(jobs -p)   The python script is basically a stress test for a different program, and I want 10 of them running at the same time. They stay that way for 5 seconds so I can observe what happens and then they all get killed.  The problem is, if I CTRL+C out of running the script before it's complete, the background python jobs hang around and keep going. I want them all to exit when this script exits, whether it exits normally or is killed. I searched around but didn't find much.  I have tried the solutions posted in , but at least for me, $(jobs -p) returns no processes when called from the trap so none of those solutions work. Edited to include trap code.

I am looking for a way to clean up the mess when my top-level script exits.  Especially if I want to use set -e, I wish the background process would die when the script exits.


I get the error message      User does not have permission to comment on this post   when trying to post a comment on Stack Overflow. Why can't I post comments/answers?

Across the Stack Exchange network you may leave comments on a question or answer.  How do comments work? What are comments for, and when shouldn't I comment? Who can post comments? Who can edit comments? How can I format and link in comments? My comment doesn't contain some of the text I typed in it; why? My comment appears to be long enough, but I can't post it because it's too short; why? Who can delete comments? When should comments be deleted? Why can't I comment on specific posts even if I have enough reputation to comment? When can comments be undeleted? What are automatic comments? How can I link to comments? Anything else I should know about comments?  Also see the FAQ articles on  and .


Maybe this will sound stupid as I'm still a bit noob in LaTeX. I'm writing a quick report and I'm not concerned with formatting right now but there is something that is bothering me. I've noticed that after using \section{Name of section} the 1st paragraph does no show any space at the begging while all the other paragraphs show a space at the begging. I've tried to insert a empty line between the \section{Name of section} and the text but does not change.  Is there an easy workaround this? And is there any reason for this 1st paragraph not starting with a space?

I am just curious that the following format looks good to you or not? The preamble I used is just   \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article}  \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsthm} \usepackage{amssymb}   I don't feel it's so good because the first paragraph has no indent but the second does. If the first paragraph is much longer, than it's fine. But if not, it looks strange. Should I leave it, or you have suggestions for this?


Read this:   It says:     It is through publication that the research, including its scientific   and practical contributions, is disseminated to others in a particular   field.   Ironically, how can you disseminate research when they put a high paywall right between you and the paper?  And in today's Internet world, can't anyone just publish anywhere?

I am new to research and I have yet to internalize the concept of journals and their utility in archiving scientific literature.  Almost all the papers I have read recently are from this website called . Arxiv calls itself to be a preprint archive. Anyone can upload a PDF file to the repository and it counts as a valid research. Large companies like Google and Facebook post all their research here. The research is peer reviewed, It does not have the tyranny of a fixed format and the publishing is instantaneous unlike journals which are painfully slow. It is also open access and unlike open access journals it does not cost a fortune to publish a paper.  My question is, why were journals used to begin with? Why are they used now?   I have heard some people say that if a paper is not published in a  journal then it does not have any value. Then why are so many people publishing here? As far as I know citations from arxiv are picked up by google scholar.   EDIT: Ok, so the entire system is a huge mess.


I have file  for example 'a'  aaa aaa bbb ccc ccc bbb ddd   After executing   uniq a c   i get file 'c'  aaa bbb ccc bbb ddd   How to delete duplicate bbb lines?

A huge (up to 2 GiB) text file of mine contains about 100 exact duplicates of every line in it (useless in my case, as the file is a CSV-like data table).  What I need is to remove all the repetitions while (preferably, but this can be sacrificed for a significant performance boost) maintaining the original sequence order. In the result each line is to be unique. If there were 100 equal lines (usually the duplicates are spread across the file and won't be neighbours) there is to be only one of the kind left.  I have written a program in Scala (consider it Java if you don't know about Scala) to implement this. But maybe there are faster C-written native tools able to do this faster?  UPDATE: the awk '!seen[$0]++' filename solution seemed working just fine for me as long as the files were near 2 GiB or smaller but now as I am to clean-up a 8 GiB file it doesn't work any more. It seems taking infinity on a Mac with 4 GiB RAM and a 64-bit Windows 7 PC with 4 GiB RAM and 6 GiB swap just runs out of memory. And I don't feel enthusiastic about trying it on Linux with 4 GiB RAM given this experience.


I am new to java and hadoop. I was practicing mapreduce wordcount example where I came across 2 way of splitting the line in mapper class.  1st one   public class WordCountMapper extends                 Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> { @Override public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context output)           throws IOException, InterruptedException { String line = value.toString(); String[] splits = line.split(" ");   for (String split : splits) {  output.write(new Text(split), new IntWritable(1)); } } }   2nd one  public class WordCountMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {  private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1); private Text word = new Text();       public void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException      {          String line = value.toString();          StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);           while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens())          {             word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());             context.write(word, one);          }      }  }   Driver class  public class WordCountDriver  {     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException, InterruptedException      {         Configuration conf = new Configuration();         Job job = new Job(conf, "WordCount");         job.setJarByClass(WordCountDriver.class);          job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);         job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);          job.setMapperClass(WordCountMapper.class);         job.setReducerClass(WordCountReducer.class);          job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);         job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);          FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));         FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));          job.waitForCompletion(true);     } }   when I am using 1st one as mapper class I am getting proper output and if I change only mapper class to 2nd code and Keeping the rest same I get an error as follow     Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError:    I understood that some changes should done in Driver class but my concern is to know what is causing this error!! This may help me understand concepts of java and Hadoop.

I am getting a NoClassDefFoundError when I run my Java application.  What is typically the cause of this?


I'm visiting Canada in 2 weeks with my family and have yet to order my passport. So, there is no guarantee that I will have my passport in time for the trip even if I did pay for the expedited process. When it is time to reenter the US from my trip, will they accept that I have my passport pending and just check with my birth certificate and social security card? Or will I be trapped in Canada?  Extra info: We are traveling by car. I live in North Carolina so I can't get an enhanced driver's license or a NEXUS pass.

My US passport took too long to be shipped to me, and it will arrive after I need to leave. Will I be able to cross the border from the United States to Canada with a birth certificate (copy) and a passport locator number?


What is the idea of proving a binomial identity by counting in two ways?  Could you please illustrate this with this example? Thank you very much.   $$\binom{2n}{n}= \sum_{k=0}^n {\binom nk}^2$$

prove by counting two ways:    I though to prove the right hand side I would say: Let n represent a number of boys and m a number of girls. We want to choose a group of n from boys and girls. But for the left hand side I want to keep the variables m and n girls and boys. But I don't know what k will be. Suggestions?


I clicked a question marked as duplicate on :  (Search , click on the one with title Tax consequences for moving funds from my U.S. account to wire cash proceeds to U.K.?)  This immediately brought me to the 'original' .  I then searched on SO for closed:yes questions ordered by date, and in the search results click on a dupe, and was NOT redirected. E.g. . Instead, it has a link refering to the question it is a dupe off.  Is this different behavior by design? There are two things that I can think of that are different:   I deliberately picked a SO question without comments and answers, thinking that maybe you would not be redirected if there is something to read under the duplicate. I cannot see if the dupe money question has comments/answers. (Note that I'm actually doing a reverse test here) I am not a registered user on Money as I am on SO.

Duplicate questions that use different words to describe the same problem are important for people to find the content via search engines. But the user experience when an anonymous user arrives at a duplicate is less than ideal.  They have to notice the duplicate link and understand that the answer they are looking for is likely behind that link. I don't think this is all that obvious to someone without experience with an SE site.  I propose to just redirect users to the duplicate automatically if the closed duplicate has zero answers. In that case they need to follow the link to the duplicate in any case, so we might as well redirect them to it in the first place.  I could imagine this being problematic with search engines, as we would be displaying different content than what the search engines see. If that is too problematic I would suggest to show a very obvious link to the duplicate in the answers section for anonymous users.


I'm looking for a hook/other solution to add a button after the post status filter.  The closest hook I found is "restrict_manage_posts" but I need to hook after the status filter.

WordPress allows adding descriptions to Custom Post Types whenever it's registered. ( . I would like to output that title on the Admin Landing Page ( View All Post Type ) preferably underneath the title. I've looked into /wp-admin/edit.php but I'm not sure if the filter presented is usable in this case ( and thus it may not be possible to do ).   is where it looks like the actual title gets set. Is is possible / is there a way to filter into it and add my post type description?


I would like to know how to get last generated Id from INSERT using C, ODBC APIs and Sql Server, i already allocated a connection and statement and had it prepared with the insert statement. I would appreciate any example provided.  Thanks in advance.

What is the best way to get IDENTITY of inserted row?  I know about @@IDENTITY and IDENT_CURRENT and SCOPE_IDENTITY but don't understand the pros and cons attached to each.  Can someone please explain the differences and when I should be using each?


How can I transform the following equation: $$x^{14} = 14^x$$ to something of the form $$x = \cdots$$ Thanks!

Possible Duplicate:          I obtained a question asking for how to solve $\large x^y = y^x$. The given restraints was that $x$ and $y$ were both positive integers. By a bit of error an trial we quickly see that $x=2$ and $y=4$ is one solution.   My question is: How do one show that $(2\,,\,4)$ is the only non trivial, positive solution to the equation?   Now my initial approach was as follows: We have   $$\large x^y = y^x$$  The trivial solution is obviously when $y=x$, so let us focus on when $y \neq x$.  Let us make a more general statement. Firstly I take the log of both sides  $$\large y \log x = x \log y $$  Let us divide by x and \log x (We now assume $x\neq 0$ and $x\neq 1$ since 0 is not a positive number, and 1 gives us a trivial solution)  $$\large \frac{y}{x} = \frac{\log y }{\log x}$$  For these sides to be equal, we must remove the logarithms on the right hand side, this is achived if $y$ is on the form $x^a$. Now This gives  $$\large \frac{x^a}{x} = \frac{\log \left(x^a\right) }{\log(x)}$$  $$\large x^{a-1} = a$$  So finaly we obtain that $ \displaystyle \large x=\sqrt[ a-1]{a}$ and $\displaystyle \large y = \sqrt[a-1]{a^a}$  Now setting $a=2$ gives us $x = 2$ and $y=4$ as desired.  My question is, how do we prove that $x=2$ and $y=4$ is the only integer solutions? My thought was to show that $ \displaystyle \large \sqrt[ a-1]{a}$ and $\displaystyle \large \sqrt[a-1]{a^a}$ are both irrational when a>2, but I have not been able to show this.   Any help is greatly appreciated, cheers =)


public static RegistryKey WritableRegistryRoot     {         get         {             return Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE\SubFolder1\SubFolder2", true);         }     }   When I run the application I got this error      BlockquoteAn exception of type 'System.UnauthorizedAccessException' occurred in mscorlib.dll.    But when I run the application as Administrator it works.  When I Change the LocalMachine to CurrentUser my Code works. I have decided to use LocalMachine so that I can use the save data in the registry even if I change my Authentication Login.  If there is other way to access LocalMachine Registry without running my application as administrator?

I know that we shouldn't being using the registry to store Application Data anymore, but in updating a Legacy application (and wanting to do the fewest changes), what Registry Hives are non-administrators allowed to use?    Can I access all of HKEY_CURRENT_USER (the application currently access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE) without Administrator privileges?


I have a Rare Ceremonial Knife (Witch Doctor) with 2.0% Chance to Knockback on Hit. Is this effect triggered by non-melee attacks, such as Firebomb and Firebats? I have not seen any evidence in-game that the effect is triggering when using these two skills.

How do "on hit" effects, such as +life on hit or chance of fear per hit, work with channeled skills, such as Disintegrate or Rapid Fire? And how do they work with damage-over-time skills, such as Grasp of the Dead or Impale with Chemical Burn or just bleed damage from a weapon?  Specifically, if I have a lot of "on hit" effects, is it advisable to use a lot of channeled / DoT skills? Given that Rapid Fire attacks like 10 times faster than regular attacks, will I gain health faster if I use it with a "life-on-hit" modifier? I'm guessing the answer is some variation of "no", but will be happy to get more details about this.  Related questions I have browsed while trying to find an answer:    - but it only asks this regarding Mighty/Massive Blow.  - but it asks regarding non channeled/DoT skills, just discretely-attacking skills that can damage multiple opponents, or damage the same one more than once (like Chakrams).  and  are similar but specific to certain skills that work in a non-orthodox way.


While playing on my calculator I accidentally calculated $\frac{1}{9801}$ and the value was $0.00010203040506070809101112131415161718192021222324252627282930\ldots$ We observe that there is a nice pattern in the decimal expansion. but how long will it continue ie. after how many digits will it repeat?


I recently reset my Samsung Galaxy Tab plus which runs on Android 3.2. I then tried to set up my tablet again by downloading applications, but it shows that there was error retrieving information.

Anyone on the Android Jelly Bean OS and not able to buy Apps/Books through wallet? I have just bought the Samsung GalaxyNote 800 and am facing this issue.   The error is (RPC:S-7:AEC-0).   What is the solution?


I found some Pokéstops and Gyms with rather odd sounding descriptions. One spot, for example, was a classical statue of a woman with exposed breast. The description sounded like it was created by either some lusty 15 year olds or some high level trolls.  So my question is what is the source of these location informations. I've heard they're the the same spots as in the game Ingress. But even then, is all location information provided by Ingress/Pokémon Go users, or is a public database containing photos with location data being used (eg. Panoramio or similair).

After playing the game for a little while, I've noticed that Pokestops are chosen seemingly at random locations on the map. A few of them are even in inaccessible places; an abandoned church building, inside of an airforce base, etc. How are these locations chosen as Pokestops?


I am trying to make a visual explanation of vertex sequence for a mesh object. I pieced this script together from the internet. It runs, but I don't see anything happen. How can I get the effect to be visible? (vertices become selected one at a time until all selected, then deselected one at a time (in the same order)).  If I can get it to work, then I can illustrate various patterns, not just vertex order.  Also, is this really the best way to update the 3D viewer?  bpy.context.scene.objects.active = bpy.context.scene.objects.active  Here is an illustration. I added the wireframe view for fun. I'll make it easier on the eyes once I can get something to work (this is 34 screen shots)    Script:  import bpy import bmesh import time  # START WITH CUBE or low vertex number mesh selected.  ao = bpy.context.active_object oo = bpy.ops.object  oo.mode_set(mode='EDIT')  me = bmesh.from_edit_mesh(ao.data) nverts = len(me.verts) print(nverts)  for i in range(2):     for iv in range(nverts):         me.verts.ensure_lookup_table()         me.verts[iv].select = True     #  light them up one at a time         #update screen         bpy.context.scene.objects.active = bpy.context.scene.objects.active         time.sleep(0.5)      for iv in range(nverts):         me.verts.ensure_lookup_table()         me.verts[iv].select = False     #  turn them off one at a time         #update screen         bpy.context.scene.objects.active = bpy.context.scene.objects.active         time.sleep(0.5)

I have a script, which creates multiple objects through a loop. However, the script freezes the viewport until it is done. Instead, I would like every object to be seen in the viewport one by one as it is created.   In its simplest terms:  import bpy import random for i in range(1000):     XYZcoord = (random.random()*100, random.random()*100, random.random()*100)     bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_uv_sphere_add(location=XYZcoord)     # Update the viewport here.   Is there a way to update the viewport after every iteration of the loop to see every newly added object as they are created? Or do I need to use a different method?


What are the effect of electrons on alpha particles during this experiment?  Also why do we neglect them ?

Geiger and Marsden's experiment led Rutherford to believe that the positive charge and most of the mass of the atom was concentrated in a small region. I understand what led him to conclude the way the positive charge is positioned in the atom. But how did he conclude that most of the mass was in a small region (the nucleus)?  How did the distribution of the mass matter after all? Given that the electric force is greater than the gravitational force by many magnitudes, the force between the positice charge and the electrons was predominantly electric.   So how did Rutherford conclude that most of the mass is in the nucleus?


I want to install a virtual machine, and i need to install a SFX file. I know the command for Ubuntu is chmod +x filename.sfx But I don't know the command for Debian. Does any one know?  Please ignore this question... It is a duplicate...

I am trying to extract an SFX file under Linux Mint 15 (64 bit) but it's not working. I've done chmod +x on the file and tried to run it like a script with no luck (it gives me an error that there's no such file or directory. What's interesting is that this worked for me when I was running Linux Mint 14 (64 bit).  that mentions glibc support and how newer distributions have removed 32 bit glibc binaries but I'm not quite sure if this is accurate in my case since I'm not running RHEL.  EDIT: I forgot to mention that I tried the solution posted on that article but it did not fix my problem.  I've also tried using 7z, 7za, unzip, and unzipsfx with no success. unzipsfx gives me the error "unzipsfx:  cannot find myself! [unzipsfx]" which I find rather strange.  A quick note: The sfx relies on six other archives in the rar format. I'm not dealing with zip, 7z, or any other format like that.  Am I doing something wrong? Something must have changed between distributions since extracting worked fine for me before...


I would like to delete many of the automatically included apps from my Windows 10 laptop.  I do not know what a powershell prompt is, or how to get to it.

What is it for? How do I use it? How is it different from the regular Command Prompt? Is there anything I should know before starting to use it? Any awesome things you can do with it that a super user should know about?


I need to be able to sample many raster files (imported from GeoTIFFs) using a previously defined set of spatial points, using R.  What's the best way to do this?

My question is about extracting values from rasters at the location of points. With the function extract this is very easy, and the function gives me a dataframe with the values of all the variables in the points. I want to have in that dataframe the coordinates of each point. How can I make that happen? Is it possible to say to R that when extracting the values from the raster also add the columns of the location point.  This is my procedure:  presencias=read.table("c:/SDM_R/presencias/P_lentiscus_pres.csv",header=TRUE,sep=";")  lista_variables <-list.files(path="Variables_modelizacion/solo_ascii",pattern='*.asc',full.names=TRUE) variables <- stack(lista_variables)  variables_presencia<-extract(variables, presencias)   the results are something like these:  > bio1  bio12  bio18  bio2  bio4  > 90    875    165    95    4886 > 115   1085   158    83    4075 > 135   1153   153    67    3402 > 85    1026   137    99    5203 > 96    667    128    108   5823 > 98    531    109    113   6305 > 132   450    63     123   6598 > 132   569    104    106   5963 > 95    814    196    98    5571 > 146   474    39     114   6603   But I want two more columns with the coordinate data (but could be others columns from my csv extracting location table).  Thank so much.


This is killing me. I am trying to find out what is the name of this UI component that has two multiselect controls, where the left is a list of available items and the right is the list of selected items, with some buttons for moving in-between.    I have a need for a rather large list of available selections and the user needs to also be able to see those selections. I am open to alternative components that can accomplish the same goal, but since the number of items selected will be rather large, the "tag" approach seen with multiselect components like  are not optimal.

I am looking for a name of one specific UI element. I have unsuccessful tried to identify it before but this attempt failed.   What I am looking for is an n-to-n selector where items move between two states. Lets say you have two buckets (states), one on the left, one on the right. There are multiple items in the left bucket and you can move them to the right bucket and back.  What is the name of this element? How is it different from normal list where you can select multiple items?


How to update my BIOS for my Asus notebook? This is the  page for the BIOS updates. I am currently at BIOS update 216. Should do all the updates or just do the newest one? And what program should I use to do this?

I want to update the BIOS on Toshiba QOSMIO-G30. The exe file that I downloaded from the manufacturer web site is supposed to be Operating System independent! Yet using Wine I could not execute the file to FLASH System BIOS. Is there any way to update the BIOS in Ubuntu?


My mid-2009 mac book pro hard drive is dying so I bought an SSD to replace it.  I tried plugging in the ssd drive to the mac via a usb to sata connection and using SuperDuper to copy the contents (saw a video and it looked easy), but it took forever and I got a generic input output error.  Next I tried restoring from a time machine backup to the ssd drive.  picture an external hard drive with the time machine backup connected to my mac book via usb and my ssd drive connected to the mac book pro via usb. I went into Apple Disk Utilities and did a restore from the external hard drive to the ssd drive.  It took about 16 hours, but it completed.  So now I have 2 drives with the same information - at least I think.  I wanted the ssd drive to be bootable, but it's not.  Can someone explain what a restore really does and how I can make the ssd drive bootable so that I can replace the dying, old mac book hd.  Note: I want to make the ssd drive internal and not keep it as a bootable external drive.  Thanks!

I want to install a new Solid State Drive (SSD) into the Mac. Can I just build in the SSD, start the MacBook in Recovery Mode and install OS X from there on?  After reading a lot on the internet I still have some doubts…  My HDD crashed, I can't repair it using disk utility or the fsck methods as mentioned on the internet.  According to  it should be possible.  I know how to replace the HDD with the SSD. I would go for the Samsung 850 EVO SSD - 500GB. My Mac is a MacBook Pro Mid 2012, model A1278.


I'm using the  extension in Firefox to give me Emacs keybindings.  This works in most cases, but not on Stack Exchange.  Your editor is defining its own bindings, and not checking for collisions.  For example, C-g should deactivate mark, but instead it's popping up some sort of image insertion dialog.  Even if it's not possible to check for collisions in JavaScript, could you please provide a mechanism for disabling your accelerators?  It's severely impacting the usability of the site.

I navigate with Ctrl-n,p,f,b (readline/ keys), so that I don't have to move my hands too much and get  again. Is there a way to disable Ctrl-b being hotkey for bold?  Note that this is not just an Emacs thing. Standard web browsers, like Firefox and Chrome, use things like  Ctrl + K and Ctrl + L to navigate to the Google search bar and address bar respectively.


I am currently in the process of writing my Master's thesis using the LaTeX class supplied by my university. This class uses a document structure similar to report: Starting with chapters, then sections, then subsections and so on. Citation style is IEEE, if that's important. What is the correct way to reference all these text-divisions within my flow-text, especially when reaching \subsection{} level and below? Example A  As shown in chapter "Foo" and section "Bar", [...]. [...], for further details see subsection "Baz" and subsubsubsection "Qux".  or Example B  As shown in section "Foo" and section "Bar", [...]. [...], for further details see section "Baz" and section "Qux".  or something completely different?

Body  There is Subsection 1.2. There is Subsubsection 1.4.1.   Referring in the body now  See Subsection 1.2.  See Subsubsection 1.4.1.    I would like to replace all sub parts simply by section etc the following but not sure if correct   See Section 1.2. See Section 1.4.1.


Periods on the end of title are lost upon submission, e.g. (amended to show minimal case):    gives    EDIT: This is not a case of "reduce any case where multiple question/exclamation marks are at the end of the title to a single instance." Nor of reduce any mark to a single instance.

Disclaimer: I admit that this is a personal pet peeve of mine, so feel free if to close this with extreme prejudice if I'm alone in this. Some people have a tendency to end their sentences with an over-abundance of punctuation marks. The most common offences to this happens with exclamation marks and questions marks and more often than not it's in the title. And opinion on this aligns closely with . But even if you don't subscribe to that particular train of thought, I think it's clear that this construct doesn't really add anything to the clarity or expressiveness of the question. Can we please get rid of them? I think it would be fairly easy to reduce any case where multiple question/exclamation marks are at the end of the title to a single instance. Ideally we could also do this in the body (or inside the title), but obviously this is a lot more dangerous (e.g. "What does the !! operator do in C" should not be reduced to "What does the ! operator do in C", even if !! is not an operator in C). What do you think? Note that , there are 427 questions that end in "!!", 235 questions ending in "!!!", 28 questions ending in "!!!!" and 9 questions ending in 5 or more exclamation marks. There are also 4331 questions ending in "??", 1546 ending in "???", 221 ending in "????" and 61 ending in 5 or more question marks (note that the query is not perfect, as the numbers for 2 to 4 punctuations marks also include the higher counts, I'm too lazy to write the correct query). As far as I know, this query also only finds questions that have not been edited to remove this. I guess that there are a lot more such questions posted than that, but most of them will be edited.


I'm studying classical mechanics, but without those stuffs Lagrangians and Hamiltonian mechanics...just Newtonian..the problem is a find hard to learn this non-inertial frames system, like $r=R+r'$...only that I find difficuly, because they say "the absolute vector is the sum of the distance between the origins and the relative vector of the rotating system", but how can I add two vector of different basis systems? How can I say after I add these two vectors of different basis axis, and say that the result, belongs necessarily to the first basis system? Can anyone tell me about a book that goes deep into this with a good amount of graphics and examples?

Every once in a while, we get a question asking for a book or other educational reference on a particular topic at a particular level. This is a meta-question that collects all those links together. If you're looking for book recommendations, this is probably the place to start.  All the questions linked below, as well as others which deal with more specialized books, can be found under the tag  (formerly ).  If you have a question to add, please edit it in. However, make sure of a few things first:   The question should be tagged  It should be of the form "What are good books to learn/study [subject] at [level]?" It shouldn't duplicate a topic and level that's already on the list   Related Meta:


I have the following code:  \begin{figure}       \centering \includegraphics[width=1\textwidth]{Fig/cross_section.jpg} \caption{     Photon's total cross section as a function of energy in Lead. Taken from \cite{phys}. Where:     \newline     $\sigma_{p.e.}$ = Atomic photoelectric effect\\     $\sigma_{Rayleigh}$ = Rayleigh (coherent) scattering\\     $\sigma_{compton}$= Compton (incoherent) scattering\\     $\kappa_{nuc}$ = Pair production, nuclear field\\     $\kappa_{e}$ = Pair production, electron field} \label{fig:2.1} \end{figure}   I want to make it so all the text is aligned with respect to the = sign. I tried using align but then my code refused to compile. The same happened when i tried using \hspace and do it manually. Can someone help me out or point out what I am doing wrong?

The following is my MWE, inspired from the answer to  (where my query seemed to merit a separate question, so here it is!):  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{caption} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{pgf,tikz} \usetikzlibrary{arrows,shapes,calc,intersections,through,backgrounds}  \begin{document} \begin{figure}[b]    \begin{tikzpicture}[line cap=round,line join=round,>=triangle 45,x=1cm,y=1cm]                   % More stuff here - not relevant I think...    \end{tikzpicture}    \caption{\label{q}\leavevmode\\\begin{minipage}{\linewidth}          \begin{align*}             a &= b \\ c &= d          \end{align*}       \end{minipage}    } \end{figure} \end{document}   With the above, I'm getting the following error:  ! Argument of \@caption has an extra }. <inserted text>                 \par l.19    }   I'm not sure how to debug this!


I'm learning about game programming. So far, my sources lead me to believe that  is the best technique for redrawing in OpenGL.  Are there other redrawing techniques? What are their advantages/disadvantages?  I'm not sure about terminology yet, but googling as best as I can hasn't yielded much result yet. Does anyone have any experience with redrawing techniques besides multiple buffering?

I want to check if my understanding of the causes for using double (or triple) buffering is correct:  A monitor with 60Hz refresh's the monitor-display 60 times per second. If the monitor refresh the monitor-display, he updates pixel for pixel and line for line. The monitor requests the color values for the pixels from the video memory.  If I run now a game, then this game is constantly manipulating this video memory.  If this game don't use a buffer strategy (double buffering etc.) then the following problem can happen:  The monitor is now refreshing his monitor-display. At this moment the monitor had refreshed the first half monitor-display already. At the same time, the game had manipulated the video memory with new data. Now the monitor accesses for the second half monitor-display this new manipulated data from the video memory. The problems can be tearing or flickering.  Is my understanding of cases of using buffer strategy correct? Are there other reasons?


Let $I$ be the ideal in the ring $\Bbb C[x,y]$ defined by $$I=\{f\in\Bbb C[x,y]:f(x,y)=0\text{ for all $x,y\in\mathbb C$ such that $xy=1$}\}.$$     Question: Show that $\Bbb C[x,y]/I$ is not isomorphic to $\Bbb C[z]$.   My algebra is a bit rusty, so I can't find a way to prove this.     First of all, can we say that $f\in I$ if and only if $f(x,y)=(xy-1)g(x,y)$ for $g\in\Bbb C[x,y]$? So $I=\langle xy-1\rangle$?   I am trying to start by assuming there is a homomorphism $$\varphi:\Bbb C[x,y]\to\Bbb C[z]$$ with kernel $I$, but I get nowhere with this.

Let $R=k[x,y]$ be a polynomial ring ($k$, of course, is a field). Show that   $R/(xy-1)$ is not isomorphic to a polynomial ring in one variable.


When I load up Minecraft PC (v 1.8.7), I look for the world I played yesterday. It does not appear. However, when I look in my saves folder it still exists.   Is there a way to recover my world?

I was playing on my main world when my laptop ran out of power.  I found a charger and woke it up, but Minecraft had crashed.  Now, it doesn't appear in the world selection screen!  I have verified that it still exists in the Minecraft folder, and the directory contents look to be in order.  Does Minecraft save an internal flag somewhere when it crashes hard?  If so, how do I reset it?


I recently migrated from 16.04 to 18.04 clean install.  Before there was a shortcut to "Take a screenshot of an area" and then gave you the options to save it on the clipboard and/or save it on a directory. Now on 18.04, the option is not there.  Tried to test the command but can't find the combination of options to have the result I want, if it's still even there.

I take screenshots a lot. I usually take screenshot of an area, I then recheck if I have the desired area and then copy it to clipboard.  I want to change this behaviour so that immediately upon  pressing Shift+PrntScr the screen capture application allows me to select an area, and immediately afterwards it provides me with the option to save to a particular location or clipboard.  I want Shift+PrntScr to bring up a pop-up screen like this:


I have a function, which has a bunch (~25) parameters. However, I usually want to use the default value of most of those parameters, and only specify a couple (to have values other than their defaults). So I've been doing something like (same idea, but fewer parameters for this example):  def myFn(self,a=20,b=10,c=5):     self.a = a     self.b = b     self.c = c  myFn(a=100)   Which will give a the value 100 and leave b and c with their default values.  And this has worked till now. However, it's getting cumbersome, having a million parameters in the function definition, and also if I call the function with a ton of arguments.  Is there a better way to do this? I know that you can pass keyword arguments, as a dict, which is almost what I want I think. But how can you then give default values inside the function?  edit: this is not a duplicate of  as that doesn't help me with what you should do with defaults.

In the following method definitions, what does the * and ** do for param2?  def foo(param1, *param2): def bar(param1, **param2):


I am trying to convert a simple point object created using shapely to a shapefile using fiona as instructed in . I pretty much followed line by line except that I changed the crs as I need it in another coordinate system.  The code I used:  ##Creating the point      o = Point(-75.478003, 40.603155)      o  ##Convert the point to shapefile using code from @Mike T :      from shapely.geometry import mapping     import fiona      schema = {         'geometry': 'Point',         'properties': {'id': 'int'},     }      with fiona.open('L:\lvpcgis\BowenLiuTemporary\ExtendLinesToLayer\my_shp1.shp', 'w', 'ESRI Shapefile', schema,      crs=bldg.crs) as c:          c.write({             'geometry': mapping(o),             'properties': {'id': 1},         })   The only thing I changed here is crs by specifying crs = bldg.crs  bldg. crs {'proj': 'lcc',  'lat_1': 39.93333333333333,  'lat_2': 40.96666666666667,  'lat_0': 39.33333333333334,  'lon_0': -77.75,  'x_0': 600000,  'y_0': 0,  'datum': 'NAD83',  'units': 'us-ft',  'no_defs': True}   After running the code, I get a point shapefile my_shp1. However, when I add it in ArcGIS to check its accuracy, it shows up at the wrong location with lon, lat of 84.6941252°W 39.1210089°N with a projected coordinate system of "Lambert Conformal Conic" and geographic coordinate system of EPSG:4269.  I realize I must have somehow the coordinate system somehow but I just don't know where.  And it'd be better if there is a better way to convert shapely object to a shapefile.

I am trying to work with a shapefile using shapely, fiona and python. The original coordinate system is in latitude and longitude that I am trying to convert to state plane system. So I want an updated shapefile with coordinates as statePlane. I converted the json object:  fc = fiona.open("sample.shp")    geoJsonObj = shapefile_record['geometry'] array_coordinates = np.array(geoJsonObj['coordinates']) array_newCoordinates = copy.deepcopy(array_coordinates) for counter in range(0,len(array_coordinates[0])):     long,lat = p1(array_coordinates[0][counter][0],array_coordinates[0][counter][1])     #where p1 is a function to do the conversion     array_newCoordinates[0][counter][0] = long     array_newCoordinates[0][counter][1] = lat  geoJsonObj['coordinates'] = array_newCoordinates.tolist()   when i check the coordinates, i get state plane coordinates according to the transformation.  n. However, when i open the individual shapes/polygons within the shapefile, the coordinates are still latitude and longitude. why does this happen?  ----EDIT 1-----  from pyproj import Proj, transform import fiona from fiona.crs import from_epsg  dest_crs = from_epsg(4269) shape = fiona.open("Sample.shp") original = Proj(shape.crs) # EPSG:4326 in your case destination = Proj('+proj=lcc +lat_1=36.41666666666666 +lat_2=35.25      +lat_0=34.33333333333334 +lon_0=-86 +x_0=600000 +y_0=0 +ellps=GRS80 +datum=NAD83  +no_defs') with fiona.open('new.shp', 'w', 'ESRI Shapefile',shape.schema.copy(),crs = dest_crs) as output:     for feat in shape:                print feat['geometry']['coordinates']         for counter in range(0,len(feat['geometry']['coordinates'][0])):             long,lat =  feat['geometry']['coordinates'][0][counter]             x,y = transform(original, destination,long,lat)             feat['geometry']['coordinates'][0][counter] = (x,y)         output.write(feat)


Links in comments do not work correctly when the last character in the label is a space.  Example: This works:   This does not work:   (in question text it apparently works)  I'll post a comment to the question to demonstrate.  As can be seen, the link is not rendered as a "label text" that is a hyperlink, but a plain text "label text" surrounded with square brackets, followed by the clickable URL in round brackets.  PS: I did several edits before getting the report correctly.  PPS: I'll try to put the "source code" here:  This works: [foo bar](http://www.foo/info) This does not work: [foo bar ](http://www.foo/info)

Trailing spaces on comment link format preventing it to form a link  [Stack Overflow ](http://stackoverflow.com)   May be by-design or even dup, but just reporting what I accidentally found today.


I have a line that I ultimately want to split up into points. The points should be every 100 meter along the line. So I don't want to extract the nodes.   Are there any Open Source (QGIS, Python) tools around for that?  The use case is that I have a bus line without bus stops. Though I know every 100 meter the bus stops. This way I want to generate bus stops to use as a GTFS feed.

I am trying to create points (new layer) at specific distance along the road (existing layer) in QGIS.   gives solution for ArcGIS. How to achieve this in QGIS?  explains how to create points but does not do anything about the distance.     (I applied the proposed solutions with different measures of lengths for I did not know the conversion) @Nathans's solution worked to some extent, I got...  . Here, the projection of these equidistant points is different from the original line.  With @underdark's suggestion, I got   where the points does not seem to be equidistant. I guess there is some projection issue with both of these which I am not understanding.


I am a first year PhD student, and have been asked to peer-review a paper.  The paper is not really in my field, so I will not learn anything valuable by reading the paper.  The publishing venue is not open-access, so it is difficult to justify on altruistic grounds.  Also, the reviews are double-blind, so there is no potential for networking.  As I have never been a reviewer, I am wondering: is there any other possible personal benefits that I might realize from performing this task?

I am a PhD student halfway through my journey. After I published a few papers, I am getting review requests from some medium rank conference and journal editors. While certainly it is an honour for me, doing good review takes some time since I am not an expert of my broad field with everything at my finger tip. Does review experience add something to my CV particularly if I want an academic career? I am really sorry if the question sounds too shallow or cynical but I want to know whether I can cite the review experience to prove my worth as a researcher to a prospective hiring committee.


macOS's  allows a screen to be divided into two, with an application in each part. Is there any open source / free way to do a 4-way split screen (e.g. a screen split into quarters)?  I found two paid programs  and  (both discussed ), and also had a , but I couldn't spot any native way or free software that can achieve a 4-way split screen on macOS. Is there any native/free way to do this?

Is there some sort of clever hack of achieving that, because I did not find anything. I have a 27" Mac and everything is still kind of huge.


I have self signed server and self signed client certificates. I have the following files: -server.cer   - the certificate -server.pkcs8 - the private key -client.cer   - the certificate -client.pkcs8 - the private key The serverAuth is turned on in server certificate, just like the clientAuth in the client certificate. My Nginx configs: server {         listen 443 ssl;                  server_name localhost;          ssl_certificate         D:/nginx/server.cer;         ssl_certificate_key     D:/nginx/server.pkcs8;                ssl_client_certificate  D:/nginx/client.cer;         ssl_verify_client       on;               location /api/user {         proxy_pass http://localhost:8443/api/user ;     } }  My Spring Boot application sends the certificate... found key for : client chain [0] = [ [   Version: V3   Subject: CN=localhost, OU=client, O=client, L=client, ST=client, C=cd   Signature Algorithm: SHA256withRSA, OID = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.11    Key:  Sun RSA public key, 2048 bits   modulus: 20013578146723119752205930507620291667870268836327125064906354768609885851550149244046023144142099708436874831817569216971233976682630503168979765820496758660639681208381553000764047576232971886687927672006859685671731793248815194550166506902158974636074847540981707778488521672420020321942440293718945787070938856239153774685060970607481050467286252166952546519925786721986444471736684483040887984550822975477202820216783775381566214299904978750999661953555191273278544089651240136178710751473853236208383424121182909767514742195212765302306186757397981827686743179354781515098033471670240716493244842768031201253449   public exponent: 65537   Validity: [From: Tue Aug 18 15:58:58 CEST 2020,                To: Wed Aug 18 15:58:58 CEST 2021]   Issuer: CN=localhost, OU=client, O=client, L=client, ST=client, C=cd   SerialNumber: [    5f3bdea2]  ...  [2]: ObjectId: 2.5.29.37 Criticality=false ExtendedKeyUsages [   clientAuth ]  Also if I try to communicate between the 2 applications, certificates are working and everything is fine. So Nginx is wrong somehow. Feels like it thinks the client certificate is not valid... Also if I try to use curl: D:\nginx\root>curl -k https://localhost:443 --cert client.cer --key client.pkcs8   <title>400 No required SSL certificate was sent</title>
400 Bad Request
 No required SSL certificate was sent
nginx/1.18.0

I am trying to setup an NGINX server that has SSL and also does client verification. For some reason it's not working. If I try out the certificates between 2 spring boot applications, they work. So certificates are good. I have the following nginx config file: #user  nobody; worker_processes auto;  #pid        logs/nginx.pid;   events {     worker_connections  1024; }   http {     include       mime.types;     default_type  application/octet-stream;       sendfile        on;      keepalive_timeout  65;      server {         listen 443 ssl;                  ssl_certificate D:/nginx/server.cer;         ssl_certificate_key D:/nginx/server.pkcs8;          ssl_verify_client on;         ssl_trusted_certificate D:/nginx/client.cer;         ssl_client_certificate D:/nginx/client.cer;                   server_name localhost;                  location / {                         return 301 https://www.google.com/ ;         }                  location /api/user {             proxy_pass http://localhost:8443/api/user ;         }                  location /api/key {             proxy_pass http://localhost:8443/api/key ;         }                   #error_page  404              /404.html;          # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html         #         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;         location = /50x.html {             root   html;         }     } }  If I change this ssl_verify_client on; to ssl_verify_client off; I get the result I expect. So the rest of the configurations should be fine... I started NGINX today, would like to get some help. Certificates are created by me. No issuer, no certificate chain. Self signed certificates. Thanks in advance.


If we consider the Euclidean space $R^3$, it is simply the space where we live. Here we can find only four point such that distance between any two points is a constant.   If we consider the Euclidean space $R^2$, it is a $2-D$ plane. There we can find only three points such that distance between any two points is a constant.  If we consider the Euclidean space $R^1$ it is simply  a line segment. Here we can put only two points such that the previous condition holds.  My question is can we extend this observations to higher dimensional Euclidean spaces? Can we put $n+1$ points in $R^n$ such that distance between any two points are same(Here I mean the Euclidean distance). If we use a different metric on $R^n$ can we obtain the similar result? Thank you.

Argh, I hate to ask a question again so soon, especially one I feel like I should know.  Linear algebra is taking its toll, and I am not quite used to the theory side of mathematics.  Anyways, I want/need (more of a want) to show that there is a set of $n+1$ points in $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that the distance between any two distinct points is $1$.   I am also interested in proving that a set of $n+2$ points does not exist, but I imagine that should not be difficult to do after.  Thank you in advance.  PS. I really do apologize if this is a duplicate, I spent a lot of time trying to figure this out to no avail.


I am not sure if this is the same problem as  or , but the symptoms I am seeing are a little different.  Peridically, when I visit Drupal Answers (normally via my bookmark to /questions?sort=newest), I will not see a flag indicator up in the header.  If I click on another link on the site, I will then see the indicator if there is an unhandled flag.  The indicator will then be there until for the rest of my time on the site.  This has happened enough times for me to think this isn't a fluke.  But, with the flag frequency we see, it it a little hard to really determine if this is a real problem.  If I had to guess, I think this started happening about a week ago.

I noticed that on both sites where I am a moderator the flag counter is occasionally not showing any flags even when there are flags in the queue. A refresh of the page leads to the correct flag count to be displayed. I noticed this happening when I visited the site for the first time in a few hours, when I was recently active on the site the counter seems to stay accurate.


As many of you, I studied Lagrangian Mechanics and Hamiltonian Mechanics, with the so famous functions called Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}$ and Hamiltonian $\mathcal{H}$ related by:  $$\mathcal{H}(q_i, p_i, t) = \sum_i p_i\ \dot{q}_i - \mathcal{L}(q, \dot{q}, t)$$  Recently I found also another strange function, called the Routh function, or Routhian $\mathcal{R}$ which I didn't get at all. It's considered to be a sort of hybrid formulation between Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, and I also have read the Wikipedia page about it (cfr. ) but I didn't really get its whole meaning.  May anyone explain its use and meaning with a small example? Also I was wondering why it's not that used. For example in Quantum Field Theory we are always almost satisfied with Lagrangians and rarely with Hamiltonians, for what I studied until now. What about a Routhian formulation of field theory? Would it be a redundant useless question?  Thank you for every hint and your time.

I asked a more general  earlier about the Routhian, but I'm still having trouble working with it. Here's my specific case. Given the following Lagrangian:  $$L=(1/2)m(\dot{r}^{2}+r^{2}\dot{\phi}^{2}sin^{2}\theta_{0})-mgrcos(\theta_{0}),$$  I obtained the corresponding Routhian:  $$R=(1/2)p_{\phi}\dot{\phi}-(1/2)m\dot{r}^{2}+mgrcos\theta_{0}.$$  I'm being asked to do the following: obtain the Hamilton equation of motion for $p_{\phi}$, show that it's constant in time and find its initial value, obtain the Lagrange equation of motion for $r$ from the Routhian, and obtain the Hamiltonian  When I try to do the first part (obtain the Hamilton e.o.m.) I get $∂R/∂p_{\phi}=(1/2)\dot{\phi}$ which doesn't show that it's constant in time or that angular momentum is conserved, which I think is what we're trying to show here. What am I doing wrong? Also, how can I obtain the Lagrange e.o.m. for $r$ using the Routhian? Do I just take  $$\frac{d}{dt}\frac{∂R}{∂\dot{r}}-\frac{∂R}{∂r}=0,$$  since $r$ appears in the Routhian and plug in $r=r_{0}$ to find the initial value? Similarly, how do I go about obtaining the Hamiltonian from the Routhian?


And why do we have to use big numbers for RSA? Is it because of some RSA restrictions like p=q=3 mod 4?

I know and I have understood the details of RSA, elliptic curve cryptography, (EC)DH and (EC)DSA.  I keep reading everywhere that (if we don't consider non-deterministic computers) "ECC can achieve the same level of security as RSA, but with lower key sizes". While I can guess why this is true, how do we mathematically prove that?  Here's what I think:   The fastest algorithm for the ECC discrete logarithm problem is the Baby-step Giant-step, which is $O(2^{b/2})$ (). The fastest algorithm for the RSA problem/integer factorization is $O(\exp((64 b / 9)^{1/3} \cdot (\log b)^{2/3}))$ ().   Here $b$ is the bit-length of the key/of the group order.  Therefore, an ECC key of $b_1$ bits has the same strength of an RSA key of $b_2$ bits when: $2^{b_1/2} \approx \exp((64 b_2 / 9)^{1/3} \cdot (\log b_2)^{2/3})$.  Using that formula I can calculate that if I have a 2048-bit RSA key, I can achieve the same level of security with a 273-bit ECC key. But this number (273) is too high.  My question is: is my reasoning wrong? Where is the mistake?


In the triangle shown, what is the degree measure of $\angle ADB$   I have mainly tried angle-chasing, but it turns out that through plain angle-chasing you cannot find $\angle ADB$ or $\angle EBD$. I explored extending $AE$ and $BD$ to their intersection, but that did not help much either. Can someone get me started on how to solve this problem? I have a feeling dropping a line from $B$ to $DC$ might help, but I cannot figure out which line it would be. EDIT: I realized that dropping a line from B to DC which is parallel to EA might work. Thanks, Mike

The following is a geometry puzzle from a math school book. Even though it has been a long time since I finished school, I remember this puzzle quite well, and I don't have a nice solution to it.  So here is the puzzle:    The triangle $ABC$ is known to be isosceles, that is, $AC=BC$. The labelled angles are known to be $\alpha=\gamma=20°$, $\beta=30°$. The task is to find the angle labelled "?".  The only solution that I know of is to use the sine formula and cosine formula several times. From this one can obtain a numerical solution. Moreover this number can be algebraically shown to be correct (all sines and cosines are contained in the real subfield of the 36th cyclotomic field). So in this sense I solved the problem, but the solution is kind of a brute force attack (for example, some of the polynomials that show up in the computation have coefficients > 1000000). Since the puzzle originates from a book that deals only with elemetary geometry (and not even trigonometry if I remember correctly) there has to be a more elegant solution.


The understanding I have is that the speed of light is considered to be the highest attainable speed in physics. Of course there are theories of tachyons but since those haven't been proven we'll dismiss them for this statement. So, thinking mathematically, the speed of everything else is relative to the maximum value (using this logic I've always had an issue with believing there IS a max value instead of just infinity).  Using this line of thinking, how is it possible for some force to be able to overcome this universal constant? For example, the gravity of a black hole. Shouldn't that at most be able to equal the amount of force carrying a photon (or other body traveling at the speed of light) in the opposite direction? By this logic the only place that gravity could possibly even match the speed of light is at the center of the singularity, so it wouldn't trap any photons at all that weren't generated at that exact point.  I guess my point is that mathematically speaking, the largest "number" is infinity, and you can't have "infinity minus one" so why should the absolute largest possible speed be able to be influenced at all, let alone in a way that it can be completely negated and then some? Doesn't that completely invalidate $c$ as being the fastest possible speed? Perhaps it's just the fastest speed we've observed?  People far smarter than me have developed these theories and built whole areas of physics off of them, so I don't expect to be right. But can someone please explain to me why that's wrong?

My understanding is that light can not escape from within a black hole (within the event horizon).  I've also heard that information cannot propagate faster than the speed of light.  It would seem to me that the gravitational attraction caused by a black hole carries information about the amount of mass within the black hole.  So, how does this information escape?  Looking at it from a particle point of view: do the gravitons (should they exist) travel faster than the photons?


So what's the right way to know if an error has occured when writing through a PrintWriter?

Some days ago I realized that  (as well as ) never throw an IOException when writing, flushing or closing.  Instead it sets an internal flag (trouble=true) when an error occurs. It's not possible to get the exact exception, but only if there was some exception ().  My question is: why would one want to have such behavior? Isn't that bad API design?


I've used Shift-E but i still get glitches. I need subdivision surface for my whole other part of the mesh and it works fine there. It's a weapon so I need detail.

I would like to add an edge loop around each one of these windows and are not 100% sure on the best way to do it even after watching some videos.  If someone could point me in the right direction that would be great. Thanks.


Can students transfer from one school of witchcraft and wizardry to another?    I am aware that there are  and I'm aware of the fact that they enroll students based on their geographical range, as well as the decision made by The Educational Office of the International Confederation of Wizards, when it comes to foreign and overseas students.  But what if one student, who was learning in Hogwarts, decides to move to Durmstrang Institute? Is this allowed by the Ministry? Or is there a syllabus difference that makes transfers cumbersome?

Are there either examples, or a mention of this having happened, of students permanently transferring from one magical school to another in Potterverse?  Canon only please (books/JKR/Pottermore).  Please note that I am only asking about transfers, e.g. you must already be studying in one school. Therefore an example of Malfoys considering sending Draco to Durmstrang is not in scope, since that happened before he attended Hogwarts. Also, guest-studying during Tri-Wizard doesn't count as it wasn't permanent.  Also, if the answer is a "no", please provide evidence (other than "well I read the books before and I don't remember a single case like that", unless you have eidetic memory) from entire canon.


The theorem of Schwarz states, that for a function with continuous second order derivatives, we find that the partial derivatives commute. I am quite convinced that the converse shouldn't hold, i.e. that the second order derivatives need not be continuous, even if they commute, but I can't seem to find a counterexample, since there is only one example going around of a function with non commuting second partial derivatives: $$f(x,y)=xy\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2+y^2}, \quad f(0,0)=0.$$ My idea would be to find a different function where the derivatives are also $-1$ and $1$, then subtract the two functions and find that now the second partial derivatives are both $0$, hence commute, but are still not continuous (which still needs to be proven). Is this approach valid? Am I even correct in assuming that I have to disprove the statement? Thanks for any input!

I am looking for an example of a function $f:\mathbb R^2\to\mathbb R$ such that there is a point $x\in\mathbb R^2$ with the following properties:  1) All partial derivatives of second order exist in a neighborhood of $x$.  2) At least one of those partial derivatives is not continuous in $x$.  3) The Hessian matrix of $f$ in $x$ is symmetric.  I think it should be possible to find such a function but I wasn't very successful in finding one. If we drop the first property it is easy, with it however, I didn't find any example yet. Any help appreciated.


I know that there is a system for auto-deletion of certain closed and unanswered questions, as described by Shog9 in , but it was my understanding this only acted on closed questions.  This morning,  was automatically deleted by the system as part of the automatic question removal script. It doesn't seem to fit the qualifications laid out by Shog9 in the above answer, as it was never closed, merely downvoted once.  Is there a bug in the auto-deletion routine? If so, have other downvoted but not closed questions been accidentally deleted in this manner?

Related to Meta Super User efforts:  and Meta Server Fault efforts:  We already auto-remove negatively voted unanswered old questions automatically after 30 days, network wide, with no human intervention required. I was thinking we might extend that to remove old, unanswered zero score questions... based on the following criteria:  fewer than (question age in days * 1.5) views 0 score or lower, or 1 score or lower if the original author is deleted no answers 1 comment or fewer asked more than 1 year ago (thus based on creation date, not last activity date, so , or a user editing it, does not give a doomed question 365 more days of zombie "life")  See the results of this query on:  (10509) |  (787) |  (650) This query has been refined based on the comments, and this is the final version that will roll out tonight. Every site in the network (except metas) will automatically delete old questions that meet this criteria from this point forward.


why i’m getting this strange result in swift for double values  let x = 1000000000000000000000.0; let y = 1000000000000000000001.0;  print(x-y);    //0      but should be -1 print(y-x);    //0      but should be 1 print(x==y);  //true    but should be false   i’m using swift 3

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


I often need to quickly put my Windows 10 computer to sleep in my shared office at work, so what is a keyboard shortcut to put the computer to sleep? Ideally, I want a built-in shortcut, or one that can be configured with native Microsoft Windows features without installing any third-party applications.  Virtually the same question has already been asked (), but that poster accepted an answer that involved 3rd-party software, which I would prefer to avoid (less crud on my systems). Moreover, some answers involved a long series of up and down and backwards arrow keys (kind of like a video game cheat code), which is not my idea of a keyboard shortcut, especially when the sequence varies depending on a computer's particular configuration (e.g. works on my desktop with hibernation disabled, but not on my laptop where the hibernation option requires memorizing a different sequence).  Since it seems that Microsoft doesn't offer a built-in shortcut, could someone please perhaps explain how to create one for sleep without 3rd party tools?

My keyboard doesn't have power-related keys. I would like to enter the hybrid sleep using the keyboard and only with a minimum of keystrokes.  If there is none, how do I bind a hotkey to it?


How to compare a 2 string in different case like String a="Pawan"; String b="PAWAN"; how to compare using inbuilt method I am try to compare culture method but can not be compere so please provide a solution return result equal or not equal

I know that the following is case sensitive:  if (StringA == StringB) {   So is there an operator which will compare two strings in an insensitive manner?


I have the following structure  [   {     "name": null     "match": [{                  "id": 0,                  "location": ""               "awayTeam": {                      "id": 1568,                      "teamName": "Manly United" },                  "homeTeam": {                      "id": 1523,                      "teamName": "Sydney FC Youth" },                      "matchDataProvider": [{                             "id": 2953046,                          "updatedDate": null }],                  "matchPunditPrediction": [],                  "matchResult": null,                      "userMatchPrediction": []                }]    } ]   I need to iterate over the match element and retrieve properties

I have a JavaScript object like the following:  var p = {     "p1": "value1",     "p2": "value2",     "p3": "value3" };   Now I want to loop through all p elements (p1, p2, p3...) And get their keys and values. How can I do that?  I can modify the JavaScript object if necessary. My ultimate goal is to loop through some key value pairs and if possible I want to avoid using eval.


Let $A$ be a commutative ring with $1,$ and $\phi : A^n \to A^n $ be a surjective $A$-linear map for some natural number $n.$ Then show that  $\phi$ is injective as well.   Tensoring with $A/m$ for some maximal ideal $m$ in $A$ will give that tensor map is onto and being $A/m$ linear is injective. But from this map I cannot recover $\phi$ and claim that $\phi$ is also injective. Any help will be appreciated. Thanks.

I know a proof of the following theorem using determinants. For some reason, I'd like to know a proof without using them.     Theorem   Let $A$ be a commutative ring.   Let $E$ and $F$ be finite free modules of the same rank over $A$.   Let $f:E → F$ be a surjective $A$-homomorphism.   Then $f$ is an isomorphism.


where $h>0$. Could someone explain to me how to solve it? I searched the internet and I found the result is $\frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2\sqrt{h}}$ but I couldn't undersand Gauss error function - that is involved in solving.

How to prove  $$\int_{0}^{\infty} \mathrm{e}^{-x^2}\, dx = \frac{\sqrt \pi}{2}$$


After upgrading from version 12.04 to 14.04.1.   I get a notification: System program problem detected. Do you want to report the problem now or cancel? I cancelled it and seems working fine. But, I would like to know what does it mean and how to solve it.

This started to happen immediately after I had rebooted the first time after doing a system upgrade. It first starts with a dialogue that says "System program problem detected". Then when I try to hit 'report problem' not much happens. I am led through a dialogue that always ends up the problem cannot be solved.  I am aware this is not a lot of information, however I'm not sure which information I need to publish and how should I obtain it to debug this problem.  Here's a screenshot!


I am trying to do HTTP basic authentication with bottle.py using the following decorator I have written:  def check_auth(username, password): if username == 'admin' and password == 'pass':     return True else:     return False  def authenticate(msg_string = "Authenticate."): response.content_type = "application/json" message = {'message': msg_string} resp = jsonpickle.encode(message) response.status = "401 - Unauthorized" response.headers['WWW-Authenticate'] = 'Basic realm="PyBit"'  return resp  def requires_auth(f): def decorated(*args, **kwargs):     print request.auth     auth = request.auth     if not auth:          return authenticate()     elif not check_auth(auth[0],auth[1]):         response.status = "401 - Unauthorized"         return authenticate("HTTP Authentication Failed.")     else:         return f(*args, **kwargs) return decorated   It works in the builtin wsgiref server, but not when I run my app under Apache using mod_wsgi. The "auth" object is always "None" in that case.  Is apache pinching it?

I've got the directive  <VirtualHost *>     <Location />         AuthType Digest         AuthName "global"         AuthDigestDomain /         AuthUserFile /root/apache_users         <Limit GET>             Require valid-user         </Limit>     </Location>     WSGIScriptAlias / /some/script.wsgi     WSGIDaemonProcess mywsgi user=someuser group=somegroup processes=2 threads=25     WSGIProcessGroup mywsgi     ServerName some.example.org </VirtualHost>   I'd like to know in the /some/script.wsgi  def application(environ, start_response):     start_response('200 OK', [         ('Content-Type', 'text/plain'),     ])     return ['Hello']   What user is logged in.  How do I do that?


A while ago, I DMed a battle royale one shot for my players. I gave my players level 20 characters and let them fight each other till there was one person standing. Near the end of this game a situation occurred between me and one of my players. I wasn't sure what the appropriate ruling was in this situation, so I chose one that made sense to me and continued on. The player accepted it, but I still feel my players argument were somewhat legitimate.  The situation  During the game, one of the other players cast a wish spell. This player asked for "A powerful magical blizzard that covered the battlefield". Since the wish spell states that the DM has great latitude in ruling what occurs in such an instance and one of my players had to leave the game soon, I decided to not hold back on my players and take stats from the  for this blizzard.  I took the following modification from the spell and made the all players do checks for it after each round of combat.     Each creature must make a Dexterity saving throw. A creature takes 20d6  damage on a failed save, or half as much damage on a successful one.   The arguments  The Ranger in my game asked me if he could use  to halve any damage from the blizzard. He thought he could since the blizzard was created by a wish spell and that could be seen as an attack.  My ruling was, the snow storm was targeted at the battlefield and not directly at him, so there was no case of an attacker hitting him. It was a blizzard being a blizzard, there just happened to be a Ranger in it.  Was this situation handled correctly? Or is there something that I might have overlooked?

I was looking over the class feature of the 'fiend' patron warlock in 5e. I'm a bit confused on what actions the player needs to take before they can use the 'Hurl Through Hell' ability on an enemy. The PHB states:     Starting at 14th level, when you hit a creature with an attack, you can use this feature to instantly transport the target through the lower planes.   I'm not clear on what an 'attack' means in this context. Does it have to be a physical attack like a sword or crossbow? Do magical attacks like Eldritch Blast that require an attack roll count? What about spells with no attack roll?


I am currently using Windows XP Professional, Version 5.1.2600 Service pack 3 build 2600. It is a Dell Dimension 9200. It has an Intel Core 2 CPU 6300 @ 1.86GHz with 2GB of RAM. I have slightly over 95GB space on the hard drive. Will Ubuntu work or would I have better luck using lubuntu?  Edit: Specifically, I am wondering if the Intel Core 2 CPU is going to work because the recommended requirements say a dual core processor. Is this a dual core? Do I just need to reach the minimum requirements for Ubuntu to work properly?

I'm thinking about installing Ubuntu Desktop, but I don't know what flavor is the best for my system. What are the minimum and recommended hardware requirements? What kind of CPU? How much memory? Should I have Hardware Acceleration? What flavor should I use?  This is an attempt of a canonical answer. My answers have the "official  requirements", the recommended are a mix of official sources and opinion based (along with the answer it's told the source). You can comment or edit if you feel that the information is obsolete or incomplete. It is a good rule of thumb that any system capable of running Windows Vista, 7, 8, x86 (Intel) OS X will almost always be a lot faster with any Ubuntu flavor even if they are lower-spec than described below.


I want to format c drive and reinstall windows 8.  previously I've installed windows 8 and ubuntu together in same C drive in separate partitions.previously I've configured ubuntu grub to select which OS to boot .  So I deleted previous ubuntu partition and windows partition while windows 8 installation (using windows 8 DVD)  Then I try to select following a partition (Drive 0 Unallocated Space 130 GB)to continue the windows 8 installation    but then I cannot continue it and once I try to drive options(advanced) and then new   I'm getting error like below     Windows cannot be installed on this disk. The selected disk has an MBR partition table. On EFI systems, Windows can only be installed to GPT disks      then I Google about this error and I found most of  like below     Start Command Prompt      Type In:      DISKPART      LIST DISK and identify your disk number (from 0 to n disks)      SELECT DISK  where  is the disk number      CLEAN ALL (Will Take Some Time)      CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY ALIGN=1024      FORMAT FS=NTFS (Will Take Some Time)      ASSIGN LETTER=M      ACTIVE      EXIT      EXIT      [ Immediately Terminate Install Process Completely ]      And      Reboot using Installation DVD.   If you look at my partitions list(1st image) it has only 1 drive(which Drive 0) and 3 partitions.  when I follow above solutions I'm getting disk list like below    If I clean disk 0 it will clear all my data including other two partitions , how I can continue installation without losing data in other partitions   simply this is how to      Convert MBR to GPT without loosing Data and without OS   [p.s : now I don't have any OS since I deleted all my os partitions]

I am installing windows 8.1 for the ASUS laptop.  I have two drive in the laptop namely:  Drive 1 : 40  GB Drive 2 : 450 GB   At the time of installation I have formated Drive 1 which I was suppose to use for Operating System installation. After I format I am getting an error:  Error:     Note: After googling I came to know that I need to format whole disk and need to convert the type of disk to GPT. But I have an important data in the drive Drive 2. How to resolve this?


In the , photons reach D0 and shows a pattern, before its quantum entangled counterparts reach one of D1, D2, D3, or D4. The pattern differs based on what happens at the beam splitters (BSa and BSb) and whether the which-path information is lost.  What if, instead of installing beam splitters BSa and BSb, we install either pure glass panels or pure silver mirrors. Now imagine we place the splitter part of the setup light-years away from earth, with an astronaut who can decide if she wants to put 2 mirrors or 2 glass panels at BSa and BSb. By shooting photons and observing the patterns on D0 on earth, we could instantly tell which decision the astronaut has made. She can then expand this further, encode any information into bits, and achieve FTL communication.  It will be something like: we keep shooting photons at D0 and keep seeing interference pattern, until one day we go, "yep, it starts to look like a diffraction pattern now, she must have switched the panels moments ago!"  Since no information can travel FTL, I'm sure my idea is flawed, but what's wrong with it?

The assumptions are:    Alice and Bob have perfectly synchronized clocks Alice and Bob have successfully exchanged a pair of entangled photons   The idea is simply to have Alice and Bob perform the Quantum Eraser Experiment (doesn't need to be the delayed choice).   Alice and Bob agree on a specific time when Bob's photon will be between the "path marker" (which is usually just after the slits) and the detector.  If Alice acts collpasing the wave-function on her photon, the interference pattern will disappear. If not it won't.  Alice and Bob can be spatially separated...  What am I misunderstanding?   The only meaningful difference from this spatially separated quantum eraser experiment to one done on tabletop is that you won't be able to use a coincidence detector, but that is not impeditive to identifying the interference pattern, just will make errors more probable. Which we should be able to deal with a appropriate protocol...  There is a experimental paper with a small amount of citations pointing out to the breaking of complementarity in a very similar setup:


I'm curious if there's a good in-universe explanation for this.  In Star Trek II, we see Admiral Kirk have to give a  to access Project Genesis data.    Memory Alpha also lists the  as having a retinal scan, so the technology still exists in the 23rd century.  But then there's  where Data takes complete control of the Enterprise by emulating Picard's voice. It seems to me that this is a massive security hole because, as demonstrated, an emulated voice is good enough to fool the on-board computer(which also makes me wonder why nobody else tried to do it like that, since it seems trivial enough).  Why not use some form of biometric system (or even some sort of two factor authentication like a communicator) for critical things like locking out command functions and such?

In a Star Trek TNG episode called "Brothers" Data takes over the ship by throwing his voice and pretending to be Captain Picard. The computer is aware of where Picard actually is on the ship due to its internal sensors, so why would it allow someone who it knows to not be Picard access simply by throwing their voice?


On the Task object, I have 4 RTs. I want to know at which places a particular record type has been used like Apex Classes, Process Builders,etc. Any suggestions? Thanks!

I am looking forward to delete a Record Type in my Salesforce organisation. However before I go ahead and do the same I would love to know all of its dependencies in the entire org.  Please help me in finding a tool or a method to easily get all the list of dependencies associated with that particular record type.This may include ,  a)      Workflows/Process Flows b)      Validation Rules c)       Apex Triggers/Classes d)      Any other dependencies if we deactivate the record type.(including Picklist and Page layouts)  Thanks in advance.


I am very new to bash, so please excuse this (highly probable) noob question. I am writing a script that outputs a "pyramide" with height x. I have managed to get the code right, but x is supposed to come from the command used to start the script. So if the user types pyramide 5 in the console this starts the scripts and gives it 5 lines. I am used to using read input, but this one is new to me. Can anybody help?

I'm writing small programs that are allowing me to do common commands with just two or three words max like sudo apt-get update I made it upt something like that  Now I'm trying to write a script which will allow me to install programs from terminal the command is sudo apt-get install 'program'  I'm asking here how can I save the command 'program' in a variable to use it in my script so I can write in terminal inst 'program' ?


How do I prove using direct proof:  if $n$ is an odd integer, then $4$ divides $n^2 − 1$.

Show that $n^2-1$ is divisible by $8$, if $n$ is an odd positive integer. Please help me to prove whether this statement is true or false.


Suppose I use a single Java file which contains 2 classes like A & B (B extends A).   Then how can I find class A using reflection in Java?  Are there any methods present in Java reflection to get all super classes?

I want to do something like this:  List<Animal> animals = new ArrayList<Animal>();  for( Class c: list_of_all_classes_available_to_my_app() )    if (c is Animal)       animals.add( new c() );   So, I want to look at all of the classes in my application's universe, and when I find one that descends from Animal, I want to create a new object of that type and add it to the list.  This allows me to add functionality without having to update a list of things.  I can avoid the following:  List<Animal> animals = new ArrayList<Animal>(); animals.add( new Dog() ); animals.add( new Cat() ); animals.add( new Donkey() ); ...   With the above approach, I can simply create a new class that extends Animal and it'll get picked up automatically.  UPDATE: 10/16/2008 9:00 a.m. Pacific Standard Time:  This question has generated a lot of great responses -- thank you.  From the responses and my research, I've found that what I really want to do is just not possible under Java.  There are approaches, such as ddimitrov's ServiceLoader mechanism that can work -- but they are very heavy for what I want, and I believe I simply move the problem from Java code to an external configuration file. Update 5/10/19 (11 years later!) There are now several libraries that can help with this according to @IvanNik's   looks good. Also  from @Luke Hutchison's  looks interesting. There are several more possibilities in the answers as well.  Another way to state what I want: a static function in my Animal class finds and instantiates all classes that inherit from Animal -- without any further configuration/coding.  If I have to configure, I might as well just instantiate them in the Animal class anyway.  I understand that because a Java program is just a loose federation of .class files that that's just the way it is.  Interestingly, it seems this is  in C#.


Apologies if this question is a duplicate, but I couldn't find anyone with the same problem as me:  I'm using TexMaker 4.1 to compile .pdf's with the pdflatex command.  My operating system is Linux Mint 17 Qiana (I think this might be relevant).  I've also just tested a few pdfs and I only encounter problems with posters and presentations made with beamer, not ordinary documents.  I can open all the files I generate with the pdf viewer that came packaged with Mint, called Okular.  I can open all the files on my Mac with Preview.  So far so good.  Then I have to give a presentation, so I whack my .pdf onto a usb stick and go to open the file on the standard windows machine that's in the seminar room (or any other machine running Adobe Reader).  Adobe Reader gives the error "There was a problem reading this document (131)".  Then I panic.  I have found a way of fixing the problem (although I don't understand it).  I run the following in the command line:  gs -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -dNOPAUSE -dBATCH -DsAFER -sOutputFile=output.pdf input.pdf   (gs is ghostscript.)  So although there is a way of fixing the problem post hoc, I'd prefer it if the problem didn't exist at all.  Does anyone know what's going on?  Please ask for any more details that will be relevant to the question.  Thanks.

I'm generating a PDF document with pdflatex (more precisely, latexmk invoked from TexMaker 3.4. My LaTeX install is TeXLive 20120719). I can read the document fine in Okular and Gmail's attachment preview, but a colleague that runs Acrobat Reader on Windows reports: "There was a problem reading this document (131)".  EDIT: The error disappears when using \usepackage[demo]{graphicx}, which puts black boxes instead of the real images. They are all PDFs, PNGs and JPGs. Instead of using demo, I added the code for a \demoincludegraphics command, which makes the file work in Reader when using it to replace the logo in the headers, as shown below. But enabling it (using \includegraphics instead of \demoincludegraphics) and removing everything else also works in Reader! There is some strange global interaction that makes the file appear broken to Reader when enabling all the graphics...  My code compiles fine, reason why I only attach the preamble and a simple text for a Minimal Working Example:  \documentclass[12pt,lettersize,twoside]{article}  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[spanish,es-tabla]{babel}   \usepackage[fixlanguage]{babelbib} \usepackage{amssymb,amsmath} \usepackage{graphicx}    \usepackage{array}    \usepackage{caption} \usepackage{subfig} \usepackage{rotating} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{multirow} \usepackage{calc} \usepackage{stfloats} \usepackage{fixltx2e} \usepackage{url} \usepackage[colorlinks=true,linkcolor=blue,citecolor=red]{hyperref} \usepackage[all]{hypcap}  % Margins \usepackage[top=2cm, bottom=2cm, left=3cm, right=2cm]{geometry}  % Make header show up in the first page \makeatletter \renewcommand\maketitle{\par \begingroup     \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%     \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}%     \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent             \hb@xt@1.8em{%                 \hss\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}%     \if@twocolumn     \ifnum \col@number=\@ne         \@maketitle     \else         \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%     \fi     \else     \newpage     \global\@topnum\z@   % Prevents figures from going at top of page.     \@maketitle     \fi     \thispagestyle{fancy}\@thanks % was {empty} \endgroup \setcounter{footnote}{0}% \global\let\thanks\relax \global\let\maketitle\relax \global\let\@maketitle\relax \global\let\@thanks\@empty \global\let\@author\@empty \global\let\@date\@empty \global\let\@title\@empty \global\let\title\relax \global\let\author\relax \global\let\date\relax \global\let\and\relax } \makeatother  % Remove date field in title; Remove preceding vertical space \makeatletter \renewcommand{\@maketitle}{ \vspace{-3cm} \begin{center}% {\LARGE \@title}\\ \vspace{2mm}% {\@author} \end{center}% \par} \makeatother \makeatletter  % Demo includegraphic boxes \newcommand{\demoincludegraphics}[2][]{%   \setlength{\fboxsep}{-\fboxrule}% Remove frame separator/gap   \framebox{\rule{0pt}{100pt}\rule{150pt}{0pt}}% Framed box of 150pt x 100pt }  % Headers Config  \usepackage{fancyhdr} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhead{} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt} \setlength{\headheight}{2.2cm}  \addtolength{\textheight}{-1.62cm} \fancyhead[LO,RE]{\demoincludegraphics[height=1.6cm]{logo-slogan}} \fancyhead[LE,RO]{}  % Footers Config \fancyfoot{} \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0pt} \fancyfoot[C]{\thepage}  % Notas al pie etiquetadas por simbolos   \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}}  \title{Doc Title} \author{My name}  \begin{document}  \maketitle  This is a test. It includes graphics and other floats.   \end{document}   EDIT: I found a workaround: Processing the generated pdf file through Ghostscript, as follows:   gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE  -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -sOutputFile=output.pdf input.pdf   where input.pdf is the file generated by pdfLaTeX, and output.pdf the one that will be readable by Adobe Reader and the rest of the PDF readers.