I have a .VHDX volume that's a cluster shared volume in a Server 2012 R2 failover cluster. I'm able to share the hard drive between two VMs. If I create a folder on VM2, it doesn't show in VM1 in the hard drive unless I reboot that machine or go into disk management > rescan disks > import disk. Is this normal behavior?  One thing of note I found on TechNet's site was this:     When you use shared VHDX with local block storage, synchronization must occur for shared VHDX file access. If the virtual machines are running on different nodes, this involves network redirection for the synchronization activity. If you have fast block connectivity combined with slow intra-cluster network communication, this synchronization activity results in I/O variance (either redirected or direct) based on the node. This happens on a per file basis. (The entire CSV is not in redirected mode.) To increase performance, we recommend that you scale the intra-cluster network.      Be aware that this is not a consideration when you use file-based   storage. When you use a compute layer of file-based storage over SMB   together with a remote Scale-Out File Server (SOFS), this shared file   access orchestration is performed by the SOFS. With a SOFS, SMB   sessions are transitioned to optimize file access. The SMB sessions   co-exist on the same node that performs the synchronization. As a   result, there is no network communication.   I've used both the VHDX directly as just a VHD in the CSV and as a VHD in an SOFS share in the CSV. Doesn't seem to make any difference.

I have a Windows Cluster made up of two nodes connected via SAS to a storage array. I have two virtual machines configured with their hard disks (vhdx) on the shared storage. They are up and running correctly. Now I need to build a "shared volume" between these two vm, that is a disk with files and folders in, that can be accessed from both servers, like an smb share. I understood that it was possible creating a vhdx file on the shared storage and then attaching it to both vm flagging "enable virtual hard disk sharing" but I think I misunderstood something. Can you tell me if this is realizable or not, end eventually what's the best practice to reach my goal? I basically need a storage accessible simultaneously from two virtual machines, possibly without setup a separate file server to expose smb shares.


String:     name hidden from user   And:         String:     bcc

I cannot find these strings using Transifex:      (name hidden from user)       Regards,   {site name} Moderation Team          There is  and it seems like this string does not work ok (it is translated and approved, but, unfortunately, not rendered on the site).   All of the strings are taken from Moderator Private Messages interface.   Could you please fix it?


I currently have two lists of Variables. The first list is just the basic alphabet (I've named it the alpha list) and the second list is a shuffled version of that alphabet (I've named it the beta list). I would like to insert the Alpha list in a set of keys in a dictionary and the Beta list as a set of the values.  So far previous attempts on what I could find did not work for this situation   import random  incoding_cipher= {} #creating empty dictionaries   decoding_cipher= {}  alpha=['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l','m','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v','w','x','y','z']  beta= alpha[:] random.shuffle(beta)

Imagine that you have the following list. keys = ['name', 'age', 'food'] values = ['Monty', 42, 'spam']  What is the simplest way to produce the following dictionary? a_dict = {'name': 'Monty', 'age': 42, 'food': 'spam'}


How can I proof this. Any help is appreciated

I’m stuck on this one problem in my textbook regarding proofs in set theory. I’ve done the following so far:  Let $ x \in B $. As $ B \subseteq A \cup B $, we have $ x \in A \cup B $, so $ x \in A \cup C $ because $ A \cup B = A \cup C $. Hence, $ x \in (A \cup B) \cap (A \cup C) $, which yields $ x \in A \cup (B \cap C) $. Now, either $ x \in A $ or $ x \in B \cap C $. If $ x \in B \cap C $, then $ x \in C $ because $ B \cap C \subseteq C $, so $ B \subseteq C $.  This is only half of the proof, though, as I have to prove that $ C \subseteq B $ as well; and I also haven’t even considered the case $ x \in A $ for the last step in what I have so far. I’ve drawn many different Venn diagrams, and although I see why the statement is true, I just can’t formalize it. Any pointers, help or guidance is very much appreciated. Thanks!


I am very new to computers and want to remove ubuntu 10.04 on my recycled pc from alameda county computer resource center which seems to have had windows vista prior to linux (there is a windows vista sticker next to the intel sticker) and then download windows 8 pro for free for students at dreamspark.  Is that possible?

I have absolutely no experience with Linux, and I desperately need to get my computer back up and running again with Windows.  How do I remove Ubuntu and reinstall Windows?    Editor's note: many of the answers are about removing Ubuntu from dual-boot but keeping Windows (which is a bit complicated), while other answers are about removing Ubuntu from single-boot (which is easy: basically just format the disk while installing Windows). The question as written is ambiguous between dual-boot or single-boot.


In a sentence idioms acts as which parts of speech??

What is the difference between a phrase and an idiom?


I don't want to be hogging up my wifi network. Can I limit how much wifi I use so I don't hog up the network I am using and if so how?

I am getting complaints that I consume lots of internet bandwidth.  Is there any software that can limit internet bandwidth on my computer from my own computer? I use Firefox as browser and use bittorrent and download software from software center.  (Is there also a way to monitor it?)


I'm a complete novice at photography, but I want to learn to take pictures of "bottle lights". I have included an image which I took with my Samsung ST60, but as you can see, it looks terrible and doesn't do the light justice at all. If purchasing something will help, I'm willing to spend a max of £250. Any thoughts will be greatly appreciated!

I have a Canon Powershot A710 and I previously had a previous Powershot A-series model. I love them due to the high amount of control they offer. Sadly, they both suck in low light conditions, their flash is very unresponsive, and the camera takes several seconds preparing itself for the next shot after a flash shot. And even then, the pictures they take in low light/flash are as bad as good are those with good light.  I'd like a camera which gives a lot of control options, but what do I need to look for to find one that's great in low light, with or without flash?


I need help identifying a short science fiction story. I can't remember who the story is by or what it is called.  It is about man who is frozen in time, initially appearing as a blur, but over a long period of time he becomes increasingly substantial. Civilizations rise up around him. Not knowing what he is, they initially see him as a monster. As time goes on their understanding of him evolves.  His predicament is the result of an experiment gone wrong.  I believe it was published sometime between the 1950s and 1970s.   I read a half dozen science fiction anthologies or so recently, and I believe it was from one of those, but after looking through the table of contents in each, I can't find it. Off the top of my head, the anthologies include Harlan Ellison's Dangerous Visions (and Again Dangerous Visions), David Hartwell's Science Fiction Century, The Big Book of Science Fiction by Jeff VanderMeer, The Time Traveler's Almanac also by VanderMeer, Damon Knight's A Century of Science Fiction, and Harry Turtledove's The Best Time Travel Stories in the 20th Century).

So I was recently watching the series seven episode of Doctor Who titled "Hide" and it struck me that I had read a short story that was remarkably similar to the astronaut woman of the episode.  Here's what I remember definitively of the story:  The story is told from two perspectives: that of the traveler and that of the observers throughout time. The traveler is running but to the outward observers he/she appears frozen like a statue. As the story progresses the 'statue' moves slowly through the millenia but to the everyday people its imperceptible, he/she is just an anomalous statue.  What I think I remember:  The time traveler is dressed in some type of space suit looking thing. I think the time traveler is the test pilot for the new time travel device/ship. The traveler may possibly be crossing dimensions (really not  sure about that). They are either running towards a light or away from the crashed ship. I vaguely remember something like the traveler was trying to send a message or something to a loved one but the distortion made it unintelligible to the receiver but by the end of the story someone had cracked it and it may have been something like "i love you, goodbye." or something to that effect.  I'm also assuming that, from my vague recollections of the story compounded with what has now been years of studying SF, that this story fits into the 50's or 60's. While I think it could easily have been written as early as the 40's I don't think it would have been written in the 70's.   Thanks in advance for the help, because this is driving me insane that I can't remember more about this story.


Suppose that there is a cylinder of uniform density with radius  $ r $ , height  $ h $ and mass $M$.  An axis  $ \ell $  is chosen through its geometric center making an angle  $ \theta $  with the horizontal.  What is the cylinder's moment of inertia about $\ell$?  Is it possible to do this by using the rotation of axes formulae?

I need to input inertia data into a bio-mechanical simulation program. I can find inertia data for parts of the human body, around the normal axes.  I know the parallel axis theorem, so I can compute the inertia for the body parts in different locations.  But if the body part is angled to the normal axes, can you then compute the inertia, using its known inertia around the x, y and z axes?  Let's say that a human arm and hand has the following inertia values (around its center of gravity) $$I_x = I_y = 0.3\ kg \cdot m^2$$ $$I_z = 0.02\ kg\cdot m^2$$  This would be the values if the arm is hanging down. But let's say I angle the arm outwards ("abduct" it) by 30°, can I then use $I_x,\ I_y$ and $I_z$ to find the new values? (As the angle increases, the $I_y$ value would gradually fall and reach the old $I_z$ value at 90°. Is there maybe a trigonometric relation for this??) OK,  I am not a physicist, I only do bio-mechanics occasionally :)  Edit 19/7: Just to clarify: What I wish to find out is how angling of the body parts affects their inertia. To use a diver that is somersaulting forward as an example : If the diver keeps the arms straight down the body, the values given above would be correct. But the diver can reduce his/her inertia by angling the arms outwards. (You sometimes see divers do that in the pike position.) I wish to compute the inertia for different angles, all for rotation forward. I wish to start with just the body part alone. (After that you can apply the parallel axes theorem.)  I wonder if there could exist a simple trigonometric relationship since one can divide the mass into point mass elements? I can't prove this is the correct answer but I plotted $0.3\cos(\alpha) + 0.02\sin(\alpha)$. It would show how the moment of inertia of the arm, for rotation forward (like in somersaulting), would decrease, as the arm is abducted (by $\alpha^{\circ}$). (In this example the arm alone is "somersaulting".) Intuitively it looks "OK".    (The other alternative is that this can't be computed. You must make a new measurement. But in the case of the arm (looking a little like a rod), I think at least a reasonable estimate could be computed from the x, y and z values.  But what leads me to believe that it is computable, is that you can input $I_x,\ I_y$ and $I_z$ to computer programs and they can compute rotations along oblique axes.)


Let $\alpha = (1 \ 6 \ 3) (2 \ 9) (4 \ 8 \ 10) \in S_{10}$ be a permutation. Write $\alpha$ as a product of transpositions, i.e. of cyclic permutations of order 2. Note that transpositions do not need to be disjunked.   Really don't know how to "go/walk" on this.  I think that $$1->6, 6->3$$  $$2->9$$ $$5->8, 7->10$$  So something like $$(1 6)(6 3)(3 2)(2 9)(9 4)(4 8)(8 10)$$

$$\sigma=\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 2 &3 & 4& 5& 6&7 &8 &9 &10 & 11 \\ 4&2&9&10&6&5&11&7&8&1&3    \end{pmatrix}$$  (1) I am asked to write this permutation in $S_{11}$ as a product of disjoint cycles and also as a product of transpositions.   (2) Also find the order of the element. Is this permutation even or odd?  I think these are the disjoint cycles  $E_{1}=(1,4,10)$, $\;\operatorname{order}E_1 =3$  $E_{2}= (3,9,8,7,11),\;$ $\operatorname{order}E_{2} =5$  $E_{3}=(5,6),\;$ $\operatorname{order}E_{3} =2$  $S_{11}$=  $E_{1} \cdot E_{2}\cdot  E_{3}$  The order of $\operatorname{order}E_{3}$ is even so the order of the permutation is even. Why are they asking this? And what is the significance of it being even or odd?  Transpositions – I have read this a couple times but the one example in my textbook is rather unclear, I am not sure what this means?  I think the transposition for $E_{1}$ is $(1,4)(1,10)$ but I'm not sure what this means.


I have been unable to run apt get update command properly due to many errors that seem to suggest some repositories are unavailable. I tried 'apt-get clean' but it did not help. I have the following message (Ubuntu 18.04) Err:13 http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic amd64 Contents (deb)                                           File has unexpected size (39528051 != 92769273). Mirror sync in progress? [IP: 2001:67c:1360:8001::23 80]   Hashes of expected file:    - Filesize:92769273 [weak]    - SHA256:5b4dd447bb35deb5a446cef9b30cbc78dde20bd58598bee8e9744c97c370e667    - SHA1:542e69afb40e026121a9d9ff31ed5649486d73cb [weak]    - MD5Sum:f1ffee77dbd97765067212ecec7a977a [weak]   Release file created at: Thu, 23 Jul 2020 07:19:14 +0000 Hit:16 http://ppa.launchpad.net/nilarimogard/webupd8/ubuntu bionic InRelease                                 Get:15 http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic i386 Contents (deb) [56.1 MB]                                    Err:15 http://uk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic i386 Contents (deb)                                                 Err:17 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu eoan-cran35/ Release                                             404  Not Found [IP: 2600:9000:2131:9000:6:c2d3:f940:93a1 443] Hit:18 http://ppa.launchpad.net/thopiekar/miraclecast/ubuntu bionic InRelease Hit:19 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntuhandbook1/avidemux/ubuntu bionic InRelease Err:11 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ InRelease   The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG 51716619E084DAB9 Michael Rutter <marutter@gmail.com> Reading package lists... Done  E: The repository 'https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu eoan-cran35/ Release' no longer has a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. W: An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ InRelease: The following signatures were invalid: EXPKEYSIG 51716619E084DAB9 Michael Rutter <marutter@gmail.com>  Could I ask what I should do to fix this please?

When updating, I get the following error message:   W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/mc3man/trusty-media/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.   Here, I find another statement on this error:   This recommends removing certain PPAs; and, I'm not sure if I should do that since it might mean not getting the updates that I need.    Is this what I should do?


The Sentinel feat (PHB, pg. 170) says:     Creatures provoke opportunity attacks from you even if they take the Disengage action before leaving your reach.   The Mobile feat (PHB, pg. 168) says:     When you make a melee attack against a creature, you don't provoke opportunity attacks from that creature for the rest of the turn, whether you hit or not.   Effectively, Mobile lets you take the Disengage action for free if you make a melee attack, however it doesn't actually describe it as "Disengage", simply that you "don't provoke opportunity attacks". I will also point out that taking the Disengage action would allow you to avoid opportunity attacks from all creatures, whereas Mobile only lets you avoid opportunity attacks from one creature.  The Sentinel feat overrides the Disengage action and lets you make an opportunity attack anyway. But since the wording of the Mobile feat doesn't call it Disengage, whereas the wording of Sentinel does, I have a question:  Assume a PC that has the Mobile feat, who I'm just going to call "Mobile", and a PC with the Sentinel feat, who I'm calling "Sentinel". It's Mobile's turn, and Sentinel hasn't yet used their reaction.  If Mobile ran up to and tried to hit Sentinel, then tried to run away, would Sentinel be able to make an opportunity attack against Mobile?

Sentinel states:     Creatures within 5 feet of you provoke opportunity attacks from you even if they take the Disengage action before leaving your reach.   Does this mean any creature at any time leaving your reach provokes an opportunity attack (including if they take Disengage?) If so, then abilities like the following would still trigger an Opportunity Attack:   Flyby Swashbuckler Rogue's Fancy Footwork (SCAG, 135)     During your turn , if you make a melee attack against a creature, that creature can't make opportunity attacks against you for the rest of your turn.  Mobile Feat (PHB, Chapter 5)     When you make a melee attack against a creature, you don't provoke opportunity attacks from that creature for the rest of the turn, whether you hit or not.    There may be others, but the crux of the question is if Sentinel guarantees an OA.


def fc_range(start, end, step=1.0):     while start < end:         yield start         start +=step for x in fc_range(0, 1, 0.05):     print x # look the ans print list(fc_range(0, 1, 0.05)) # compare the ans now   and when I test this:  >>> 0.1 + 0.05 0.15000000000000002   it seems like to be clear, but why when I use print the answer is not 0.15000000000000002 ?

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


In this case BHX-FRA return (Lufthansa) is about £140; FRA-WDH return (Air Namibia) is about £500 - and BHX-FRA-WDH return, on exactly the same flights is about £900.  I understand that this is common, and that a single BHX-FRA-WDH ticket is actually worth more to the holder, because:   if your Lufthansa flight to FRA is late, a single ticket places the airlines under an obligation to look after you, but if you bought them separately, the staff at the Air Namibia counter may well be very sorry but they can't help you... if you buy separate tickets, you will have to collect your luggage at FRA and check it back into the system   So I can also understand that there is added value in the single ticket.  Questions that have not been previously clearly answered (or posed)  Many questions around this topic have previously been asked and answered, but the first two below have only been answered in passing, while I have not seen any clear answers to the second two.   Who gets the extra £260? Do Lufthansa and Air Namibia share it out equally?  How does an airline even know that the tickets being purchased are just one leg of a longer journey? Is there some way of beating the system, by having the separate tickets reunited after purchase into a single ticket, so that for example luggage can be automatically routed to its final destination when it's checked in?

It seems like one-way tickets are always more expensive than buying round-trip. But what if I have two destinations? For example I would like to go on the following itinerary this March:  London --> Austin --> Rio de Janeiro --> London  At the moment the cheapest way to do this seems to be:  London --> Austin --> Rio de Janeiro --> Austin --> London  but that seems a bit ridiculous. Is there not a way to just buy a series of one way tickets that would follow the first itinerary? Please keep in mind, my main concern is price.


I have searched it's solution and tried all possible solution but could not able to fix this issue.

None of the HDMI output are working, all saying "dummy output", it was working yesterday, but when I use the headphones it became soundless, with or without the headphones.  Thank you already!


In general, it will be difficult to compute the square root of a decimal number manually? Examples : 50.73 71.21 156.45

I need to calculate the SQRT of  $x$ to $y$ decimal places. I'm dealing with $128$-bit precision, giving a limit of $28$ decimal places. Obviously, if $\,y > 28$, the , which I'm currently using, becomes futile, as it simply doesn't offer $y$ decimal places.  My question to you is, can I calculate the Square Root digit-by-digit? For example, calculating the $n$-th digit, assuming I already have digit $\,n - 1$. I'm well aware this may be impossible, as I've not found any such method through Google yet, just checking here before I give up in search of arbitrary precision methods.


I have done a multivariate Cox regression in R. The model fits to my data very well.  Now, I would like to use my model and predict the survival probabilities of new observations. I am unclear how to do this with a Cox model. Something similar to what can be done using a  logistic regression,to plugin the values of new observations and multiply them with betas and calculate the probabilities.  How can this be done in a Cox model?

I am doing a multivariate Cox regression, I have my significant independent variables and beta values. The model fits to my data very well.   Now, I would like to use my model and predict the survival of a new observation. I am unclear how to do this with a Cox model. In a linear or logistic regression, it would be easy, just put the values of new observation in the regression and multiply them with betas and so I have the prediction of my outcome.  How can I determine my baseline hazard? I need it in addition to computing the prediction.  How is this done in a Cox model?


This command doesn't seem to work in my script, how can I decide in which file I want this text, if I just create a file with the following command  touch $name   I want the text to be in the file $name that I just made in my script.  cat <<'EOF' Data... EOF

Let's say I have a script that I want to pipe to another command or redirect to a file (piping to sh for the examples). Assume that I'm using bash.  I could do it using echo:  echo "touch somefile echo foo > somefile" | sh   I could also do almost the same thing using cat:  cat << EOF touch somefile echo foo > somefile EOF   But if I replace "EOF" with "EOF | sh" it just thinks that it's a part of the heredoc.  How can I make it so that cat outputs text from stdin, and then pipes it to an arbitrary location?


After reading , I could easily start writing my first simple programs with a strong theoretical foundation. Is there a similar document targeting C++?

This question attempts to collect the few pearls among the dozens of bad C++ books that are published every year. Unlike many other programming languages, which are often picked up on the go from tutorials found on the Internet, few are able to quickly pick up C++ without studying a well-written C++ book. It is way too big and complex for doing this. In fact, it is so big and complex, that there are very many very bad C++ books out there. And we are not talking about bad style, but things like sporting glaringly obvious factual errors and promoting abysmally bad programming styles. Please edit the accepted answer to provide quality books and an approximate skill level — preferably after discussing your addition in . (The regulars might mercilessly undo your work if they disagree with a recommendation.) Add a short blurb/description about each book that you have personally read/benefited from. Feel free to debate quality, headings, etc. Books that meet the criteria will be added to the list.  Books that have reviews by the Association of C and C++ Users (ACCU) have links to the review. *Note: FAQs and other resources can be found in the  and under .


Today I was observing a clock and its movement, every second is an exact second on every clock.  I was making a comparison between a second and a meter. I know in France there is a metal stick one meter long and is a basic measure valid for every place on earth.  So I was wondering what is time measured against?  I don't know if my question is clear enough, but how do you measure one second?

The earth's rotation around itself (one rotation around Earth's own axis) doesn't take exactly 24 hours. It off by some seconds which becomes somewhere around 6 hours per year and 1 day in 4 years(leap year), which brings the question why didn't we modify the measurement of 1 second ever so slightly so as to avoid leap years altogether.   Well how is 1 second measured exactly?  says      the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom. []   Well, why is it measured that way? Is there any technical reason like it is easy to measure and can be standardized easily? Or is it really possible to modify the measurement of time?


The polarization is a property of waves that can oscillate with more than one orientation. Given this, when the light is reflected from a surface, does the reflection change the property/orientation of waves?

I was wondering (since I've looked pretty hard and haven't been able to find anything)-  are there any models that explain the polarization of light upon reflection? Everywhere I've looked I've seen things like the Brewster angle mentioned, and empirical data, but I haven't yet found any theoretical models that explain this type of polarization. Can anybody point me in the right direction? Or have no such models been made?


Anyone here how do I display today's date in jquery datepicker? Tried these but it doesn't display today's date in datepicker. $('#from').datepicker({      defaultDate: new Date(),      dateFormat: 'yy-mm-dd',      onSelect: function () {         table.draw();      },      changeMonth: true,      changeYear: true  });  $('#to').datepicker({      defaultDate: new Date(),      dateFormat: 'yy-mm-dd',      onSelect: function () {         table.draw();      },      changeMonth: true,      changeYear: true  });

I have a very simple jQuery Datepicker calendar:  $(document).ready(function(){     $("#date_pretty").datepicker({      }); });   and of course in the HTML...  <input type="text" size="10" value="" id="date_pretty"/>   Today's date is nicely highlighted for the user when they bring up the calendar, but how do I get jQuery to pre-populate the textbox itself with today's date on page load, without the user doing anything?  99% of the time, the today's date default will be what they want.


Many statistical software ask whether to standardize data or no:   What is a general rule to when data should be standardized? Do we standardize categorical variables? Is there a difference in how standardization effects or is interpreted in   different regressions (linear, logistic, cox)

I am working with many algorithms: RandomForest, DecisionTrees, NaiveBayes, SVM (kernel=linear and rbf), KNN, LDA and XGBoost. All of them were pretty fast except for SVM. That is when I got to know that it needs feature scaling to work faster. Then I started wondering if I should do the same for the other algorithms.


When you write a post, you can press "code sample" button on empty line. This causes the following output to appear.     Code:      enter code here         Result:  enter code here    Well, you may think it works as intended. Well, let's write a small program, like the following.  #include <stdio.h> int main(void) {     puts("Hello, world!");     return 0; }   Sounds rather easy, press "code sample" and start typing, or paste from text editor. Well, it's not quite that simple.     Code:      #include <stdio.h> int main(void) {     puts("Hello, world!");     return 0; }         Result:  #include <stdio.h>       int main(void) {       puts("Hello, world!");       return 0;   }   The issue is that only the first line of code is intended, when Markdown requires entire code to be indented.  Almost nobody uses "code sample" button to post a single line of code. And yet, this is the only thing that works when pressing this button on new line without selecting any code. This is unlikely what the user intended. I quite often see this mistake on Stack Overflow, from low reputation users.  My suggestion to fix this issue is to either allow GitHub Flavored Markdown syntax (with ```) or use more clever post editor, which automatically indents Markdown when pasting or pressing Enter.

Currently, Stack Exchange’s Markdown parser only allows four-space indents to represent code blocks:      // some code     // another line of code    and other Markdown implementations allow for an alternative syntax, that doesn’t require indenting each code line:  ``` // some code // another line of code ```   This is much more convenient to type out. It would be super useful if Stack Exchange could support this syntax.    By extension, this syntax also allow you to specify the source language right after the opening ```:  ```js // some code // another line of code ```   …which would then enable syntax highlighting for that specific language. Although it’s interesting metadata, I don’t think this feature is needed on Stack Overflow, as the syntax highlighting library works pretty well for various languages.  So, even if you would allow this syntax but ignore the ```language, this would greatly improve my productivity on Stack Exchange.  What do you think?  The moderators are currently collecting feedback regarding this feature, so please post a comment with your thoughts. Good idea? Bad idea? Don’t really care? What do you think are the benefits/drawbacks? Experiences? Let them know! Thanks!


I am currently traveling out of India but coming back soon. I will have some days left in my current visa by the time I come back, but I will need more time there. I can have enough time if I enter with a new electronic visa (2 months) but I am not sure if I can apply for one if I have one regular tourist visa still valid?

I am currently in India. I have a 6 months tourist visa, multiple entries, and my visa will expire soon.  Can I apply for a new visa from India or Sri Lanka? Or I have to go back to my country (Romania) and apply there? Is there a time gap between the expiry date of my visa and the moment I can apply for a new one?    (i.e. when my visa expires, I can go to ski lanka or my country and in 2 weeks to apply for a new tourist visa?)  Thank you very much!


I've got a computerized procedure which runs a test and takes a few hundred samples during testing.  When finished, it spits back out the average and standard deviation of the samples.  Now, I've run this test several times on test subjects that should be identical, but of course I get back slightly different average and standard deviation data each time.  I only have a record of the average and standard deviation returned at the end of the test, not of each individual sample point.  A typical data set will look something like the following:  SUBJECT   AVG     STD       1   129.2   31.0       2   125.0   37.3       3   123.6   34.7       4   130.1   31.3      ...   ...    ...   Now, if I just average together the averages I get 127.0, but the standard deviation is only 3.2, when in fact the standard deviation between any actual samples is likely to be closer to 30.  Is there a way I can combine my summary statistics that preserves the information I have about the standard deviation between samples?  Unfortunately, I don't have access to the size of the data sets which generated the outputs above (it's somewhere around a hundred points, but is different each time and not something I have access to records of).

I have a list of values, say:  AVGprice SDprice count year 10          3      5   1999 20          2      3   2000 30          8      20  2001  40        undef    1   2002   where AVGprice is the average of a certain price and SD its respective standard deviation for that particular year. Count represents the number of occurrences.  What's the best way to calculate the final AVGprice and SDprice for the whole period 1999-2002? For the former, I'd say a weighted average will do, but I am not sure about the final standard deviation - specially because of the undefined value.


I want to recreate a photo like the below one.    The sun is at your back and I need that glow in the tips of the hair and would like to brighten up the face too.. Is flash recommended for this? If yes what is the simplest way to soften the flash without any additional accessories.   I can go to f/3.6 WRT aperture. Please advise the best technique to get a pic like this.

How can I take a photo like the ones below? The problem is that my photos (taken with a bridge, Sony H2) will get blown up at the highlights. Is it because I'm using a weak camera? Is it because I'm shooting in JPG (can't use RAW)?  Is this dynamic range achieved by greater cameras + RAW? Or is it by post-processing?  Is there a pattern to this type of photos like: wide apperture (< f5.0), RAW, ...?  Examples:   or  or


$f(x)= \Sigma_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac {\sin nx^2}{1+n^3}$, $x\in {\mathbb{R}}$  I can show continuity by using uniform convergence and the Weierstrass M test. But I don't know how to do differentiability. Any help would be highly appreciated. Thank you.

Show that the following series of function defines a continuous differentiable function function in $\mathbb R$. $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{\sin (nx^2)}{1+n^3}.$$  We have , $|f_n(x)|=\left|\frac{\sin (nx^2)}{1+n^3}\right|\le \frac{1}{1+n^3}\le \frac{1}{n^3}=M_n \text{ (say) }$  As, $\sum M_n$ is convergent so, the given series is uniformly convergent. Also , each $f_n(x)$ is a continuous function in $\mathbb R$. So, the given series converges to a continuous function , say $f(x)$.  But how we can show that $f(x)$ is differentiable function ?  Please help...


Trying to find the name of this book I've read 25-30 years ago.  I think it was a Roger Zelazny book, but could be well off the mark as I wasn't able to find a description that tallies with my recollection of the plot.  It starts with a middle aged man who through some emergency ends up going through a portal - this world seems to speak an ancient Greek dialect (which he just so happens to have been an expert in on Earth, having taught Greek). This man has had amnesia and only recalls stuff from around his twenties onwards.  In this world, which is built in layers - like a pyramid, he becomes young and healthy (back to his mid twenties form) and starts climbing up towards the palace of the (missing) ruler of this universe.

I read this one in the very early 1980s, but I believe the story is much older – 50’s or 60’s.  It’s very “pulp novel” in its themes and style – lots of action and adventure, little in the way of complex relationships or hard science.  To use a film analogy, it’s more “popcorn movie” than art house cinema.   I believe this was the first in a series of novels, but I’m not entirely sure about that point. Here’s what I can remember:  ● The protagonist - an old man - discovers a horn inside a house.  I’m not sure how he came by the horn, or if he lived in the house or was thinking about buying it.   When he plays the horn a certain way, he accidentally opens a portal to another universe.  The man, whose life is pretty miserable (nagging wife, health issues, and I think perhaps even some legal troubles) soon enters the portal.     ● Once there, he discovers a tropical beach paradise.   Everyone is healthy, young, and beautiful, natural food is superabundant, and the world has a “fountain of youth” effect on the old man.  He begins to grow younger, gradually regaining his hair, his teeth, and so on.   In a few days, he is restored to his physical peak.  ● Eventually, the man learns that he is not who he thought he was.  He learns he is part of a family or race of people that create pocket universes as their own personal playthings and rule them as god-like beings (albeit mortal ones).   The laws of science and physics in these worlds function at the whim of the creator.  Thus, in the tropical world, people do not age or get sick, being effectively immortal short of accident or violence.   The man further learns he is not only one of these creators, but this world was his own creation.  ● I can’t remember how the man came to Earth originally, but I think it was some sort of accident or mishap.  Perhaps a form of banishment by other creators.   The people who create these universes are depicted as often cruel and vain, a bit like Greek gods.  The protagonist was himself very much like that, but his time on Earth as the person he thought he was has changed his nature to one more aligned with compassion and benevolence.  ● The only other point that I can remember is, that there is a massive, infinitely tall mountain/spire in the center of the world.   The man and I believe some companions climb this spire/mountain for several days in order to reach his fortress or kingdom above the tropical paradise.  It may even be another world (not sure about that).  Any insight would be welcome!


if the limit $$L=\lim_{n\to \infty}\sqrt n \int_0^1 \frac{1}{(1+x^2)^n}dx$$exists and is larger than $\frac{1}{2}$ then  prove that $\frac{1}{2} < L < 2 $ .

$$  \lim_{n\to\infty} n^{1/2} \int_{0}^{1} \frac{1}{(1+x^2)^n}\mathrm{d}x=0 $$  Is my answer correct? But I am not sure of method by which I have done.


Several months ago I tried going to Iran with my American passport to attend a marathon but got denied. The embassy or company didn't give me any direct reason as to why but shortly afterwards the marathon's date was moved (which I suspect was the reason I was denied). I plan on trying to go again using my Mexican passport by using the Visa on Arrival but my circumstances will be a bit different.   For the next few years I will live & work in the EU. My residence permit will be based on my American passport since I didn't get my other one until after submitting my EU paperwork. I assume I will need to use my former passport to exit/enter the EU but want to use the latter to enter Iran. The biggest problem I foresee would be arriving at IKIA from an EU flight without entry/exit stamps from the country I'm arriving. What issues could this cause, if any?   I understand how to travel with multiple passports but haven't seen anyone post or comment about a similar situation of having dual citizenship but residing in a third country and wanting to travel to a fourth one in which one citizenship might cause issues. The closest I've found are below:

I am a citizen of two different countries, and have two passports.  How should I use my passports when traveling?


Here is the CaseHandler Class  public class CaseHandler {     public static void onCaseInsertOrUpdate(List<Case> newCases, Map<Id, Case> oldMap){         List<Id> acctIds = new List<Id>();         Map<Id, String> acctIdChildNames = new Map<Id, String>();         for (Case record: newCases) {             if (record.Household__c != null && (oldMap == null || record.Household__c != oldMap.get(record.Id).Household__c)) {                 acctIds.add(record.Household__c);             }         }          if (acctIds.isEmpty()) {             return;         }          List<Child__c> children = [SELECT Id, Household__c,Child_Name__c, Child_Age__c FROM Child__c WHERE Household__c IN :acctIds];          for (Child__c child: children) {             if (acctIdChildNames.containsKey(child.Household__c)) {                 String childName = acctIdChildNames.get(child.Household__c) + '\n' + child.Child_Name__c + '(' + child.Child_Age__c + ')';                 acctIdChildNames.put(child.Household__c, childName);             } else {                 acctIdChildNames.put(child.Household__c, child.Child_Name__c + '(' + child.Child_Age__c + ')');             }          }          // No need to write update because we are triggering this on before trigger         for (Case record: newCases) {             if (record.Household__c != null) {                 record.Children_Names__c = acctIdChildNames.get(record.Household__c);             }         }     } }   Here is the test class  @isTest public class CaseHandlerTest {     @isTest     static void caseInsertTest() {         Account a = new Account(Name='Test');              Child__c child = new Child__c(Child_Name__c='Child 1',Child_Age__c=10,Household__c=a.Household_ID__c);         Case c = new Case(Status='New',Household__c=a.Id);         Test.startTest();         insert a;         insert child;         insert c;         Test.stopTest();         System.debug('Child Name : '+child.Child_Name__c);         System.debug('Case Id : '+c.Id);         System.debug('Account Id : '+a.Name);         c = [SELECT Children_Names__c FROM Case WHERE Id =:c.Id];         System.debug('Children name and age: ' + c.Children_Names__c);         System.assertEquals('Child 1 (10)', c.Children_Names__c);     }     }   But I am getting 41% code coverage could you please help me out on this.

This is a canonical question and answer developed by the community to help address common questions. If you've been directed here, or your question has been closed as a duplicate, please look through the resources here and use them to shape more specific questions. To browse all canonical questions and answers, including more unit test resources, navigate to the  tag.  This canonical question is intended to address several classes of common questions by providing a quick summary and links to comprehensive resources:   How is code coverage obtained and calculated? How do I increase my coverage?  Why can't I cover these lines? Why isn't the body of my loop or conditional statement covered?


I have a problem with Durnehvirr's shout. I’ve unlocked all three words of the shout, but the shout won’t execute, no matter how long I hold down the z before release.   Also, the quest “Learn the first word of Durnehvirr's shout” remains as incomplete in the miscellaneous quest tab, even though, as I’ve said, I’ve unlocked all three words. Not gonna reload previous save cause I’ve basically finished a bunch of stuff before I noticed this problem.

So I've got the shout in my shouts list and I've unlocked all three parts of it, but I can't seem to be able to use it all, just the first part.  Am I missing something? I still have a quest for 'Learn the first word of Durnehviir's shout' but it's showing as me having already got it.  What gives?


I am still a little new to the macOS world, so my question might be easily solved. I have been doing some networking with my MacBook Air and noticed some things I did not understand/thought that they should be different.    When I run ifconfig I see many network adapters, and with many I mean way more than I anticipated.  lo0: flags=8049<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 16384     options=1203<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,TXSTATUS,SW_TIMESTAMP>     inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 0xff000000      inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128      inet6 fe80::1%lo0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x1      nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD> gif0: flags=8010<POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST> mtu 1280 stf0: flags=0<> mtu 1280 en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500     ether c8:69:cd:af:4f:bc      inet6 fe80::1832:448c:e682:a8a8%en0 prefixlen 64 secured scopeid 0x5      inet 152.67.132.28 netmask 0xfffffc00 broadcast 152.67.132.255     nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>     media: autoselect     status: active en1: flags=922<BROADCAST,SMART,PROMISC,SIMPLEX> mtu 1500     options=60<TSO4,TSO6>     ether 9a:00:05:1b:4b:3f      media: autoselect <full-duplex>     status: inactive p2p0: flags=8843<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 2304     ether 0a:69:cd:af:4f:bc     media: autoselect     status: inactive awdl0: flags=8943<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,PROMISC,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1484     ether fa:1f:bf:37:c7:35      inet6 fe80::f81f:bfff:fe37:c735%awdl0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x8      nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>     media: autoselect     status: active bridge0: flags=8822<BROADCAST,SMART,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500     options=63<RXCSUM,TXCSUM,TSO4,TSO6>     ether 9a:00:05:1b:4b:3f      Configuration:         id 0:0:0:0:0:0 priority 0 hellotime 0 fwddelay 0         maxage 0 holdcnt 0 proto stp maxaddr 100 timeout 1200         root id 0:0:0:0:0:0 priority 0 ifcost 0 port 0         ipfilter disabled flags 0x2     member: en1 flags=3<LEARNING,DISCOVER>             ifmaxaddr 0 port 6 priority 0 path cost 0     nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>     media: <unknown type>     status: inactive utun0: flags=8050<POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 2000     inet6 fe80::4974:b78a:7731:c82a%utun0 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xa      nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD> utun1: flags=8050<POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1380     inet6 fe80::9ffc:672f:768f:f232%utun1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xb      nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD> utun2: flags=8051<UP,POINTOPOINT,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1380     inet6 fe80::733c:91be:79df:7b4b%utun2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0xc      nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD>   lo0 and en0 are clear to me but the others are not.  However,  and  have cleared a lot of this up for me.   However, when I started writing this I only had utun0 and utun1 and now utun2 has appeared!  What I'd like to know is: Can I disable/remove them since I seem to not use them? If so, how?   ifconfig delete doesn't seem to work and ifconfig up/downhas no effect.

Typing ifconfig on the command line gives me listings for several devices. I've seen at least the following ones:    lo0 gif0 stf0 en0 en1 en2 en3 p2p0 awdl0 bridge0   What specifically do each of them refer to? I know en0 is a wireless connection, en3 is a connection using a Thunderbolt-to-ethernet adapter, and en1 is an ordinary ethernet connection. What about the rest?


My friend and I are doing a project in which we will be needing a base-class that is not System.Object, as well as to create other classes that derive from that class and do not implement System.Object either. Can this be done (perhaps in pure CIL)? If the base-class can be defined in CIL, can the other classes be defined in c#? Thanks!

Please help us settle the controversy of "Nearly" everything is an object (). I thought that was the case as everything in Visual Studio at least appears as a struct. Please post a reference, so that it doesn't become "modern jackass" ().  Note that this question refers to C#, not necessarily .NET, and how it handles the data under the hood (obviously it's all 1's and 0's).  Here are the comments to "everything is an object":   Eh, no, it's not. – Binary Worrier I'd like an example... – scotty2012 isn't everything derived from the base type Object? – rizzle Most things are objects...  – Omar Kooheji Value types, ints, doubles, object references (not the objects them selves) etc aren't objects. They can be "boxed" to look like objects (e.g. i.ToString()) but really they're primitive types. Change the entry to "NEARLY everthing is an object" and I'll remove the downvote – Binary Worrier I appreciate the clarification. I think the lowest level that you can interact with, say an int, in C# is as a struct, which isn't an object? -  – rizzle Doesn't Int32 inherit from ValueType which inherits from Object? If so, despite the behavior, an int is an object. – Chris Farmer No, the boxed type for int inherits from ValueType, which inherits from Object. They're not objects in the traditional sense because a) an int isn't a reference to an int, IT IS the int. b) ints aren't garbage collected. If you declare an Int32, then that int is 4 bytes on the stack, end of story – Binary Worrier   Definition of object: "Object" as a inheritor of class System.Object vs. "object" as an instance of a type vs. "object" as a reference type."


Today I accidentally added the extension '.c' on a CPP program (with namespaces, classes and whatnot inside) and passed it to g++. It compiled it without an issue, but shouldn't it have treated it as a C Program and throw an error or a warning? On other threads I read that the extension for g++ doesn't matter (some suggest using any arbitrary extension that's not taken, however I tried other extension asides from the standard .c,.C,.cpp etc) and they are not recognised. So, what exactly happens here with the extensions? Was my cpp program compiled as a cpp program or as a c one?

What is the difference between g++ and gcc?  Which one of them should be used for general c++ development?


Is it possible for two or more physical machines to be "grouped" into one virtual machine such that the CPU cores are shared?

by now I have 10 servers for hpc, power computing oriented. My users need to launch several processes using qmake. The users are used to work with ubuntu 9.10, and the software from the repositories is switable for them.  I've deployed ubuntu 9.10 to all 10 servers (pxe rocks).  By now we work with parallel-ssh and cluster-ssh, which allows as to launch the same process to all servers. With this tools this tools the servers remain as independent but with the same software and the same launched command.  Now we would like to go to next step and see all the servers as a single one with all the resources from the other 9 as if was its resources.   The difference would be substantial in time to process and also time to design the command to launch.  Any advice on wich software to use will be very useful?  Thanks


I am trying to read files one by one by using the for loop like below, by passing argument to the functions. Argument 3 makes lot of problem due to space in file names.  Example:  source_file_restructure() {  echo "inside the function" source_folder=$1 target_folder=$2 file_pattern=$3 delimiter=$4   echo $file_pattern   echo " Getting inside the function.... "   for file_name in `ls -Al ${source_folder}*"${file_pattern}"*.csv` do  some processing.......  done   The above ls command not working properly when there are files contain white spaces like file 1.csv,  Input :  SOurce Folder : /home/test/  File Pattern : "file"  Function argument :  source_file_restructure ${source_folder} ${target_folder} "${file_pattern}" ${delimiter}   Suggest some option to handle the problem.

I am trying to feed Directory names into a for loop.  My code is as follows:  td='/Test/TopDir/' cd "$td"  for x in $(ls -d */ | cut -f1 -d'/'); do   echo x=$x done   The top directory I run this on looks like this when running an ls command:  ls -l drwxrwxrwx    4 Jason    users         4096 May  6 06:36 2014-02-02 - Jebby ( drwxrwxrwx    3 Jason    users         4096 May  6 06:09 2014-02-04 - Jebby ( drwxrwxrwx    2 root     root          4096 May  6 06:09 @eaDir -rw-r--r--    1 Jason    users      3956225 Jan 26 10:17 DSC01062.JPG -rw-r--r--    1 Jason    users      3927603 Jan 26 10:18 DSC01063.JPG   The results of my for loop is as follows:  x=2014-02-02 x=- x=Jebby x=( x=2014-02-04 x=- x=Jebby x=( x=@eaDir   As you can see the for loop is breaking the directory names into sub-pieces after each space.  In this example I only want the For Loop to execute three time with the three directories:    2014-02-02 - Jebby ( 2014-02-04 - Jebby (  @eaDir   What am I doing wrong?


In the following code, if typeof of something and arbit comes out to be string, why doesn't instanceof String return true:  const roles = ['something', 'arbit']; console.log("Array.isArray(roles):", Array.isArray(roles)); console.log("roles instanceof Array:", (roles instanceof Array)); roles.forEach(element => {     console.log(`[${element}]`);     console.log(`\ttypeof(${element}):`, typeof(element));     console.log(`\t${element} instanceof String:`, (element instanceof String)); });   The output for this is:  Array.isArray(roles): true roles instanceof Array: true [something]         typeof(something): string         something instanceof String: false [arbit]         typeof(arbit): string         arbit instanceof String: false   Also, roles instanceof Array evaluates to true. Thoroughly confused.  This is plain JavaScript running in Nodejs 12, though I doubt that makes any difference...

"foo" instanceof String //=> false "foo" instanceof Object //=> false  true instanceof Boolean //=> false true instanceof Object //=> false false instanceof Boolean //=> false false instanceof Object //=> false  12.21 instanceof Number //=> false /foo/ instanceof RegExp //=> true  // the tests against Object really don't make sense  Array literals and Object literals match... [0,1] instanceof Array //=> true {0:1} instanceof Object //=> true  Why don't all of them? Or, why don't they all not? And, what are they an instance of, then? It's the same in FF3, IE7, Opera, and Chrome. So, at least it's consistent.


I have been wondering how to put all the stored procedures on a SQL 2000 under source control.  We are using Subversion for all our normal source code, so it would be great if there were a solution to the problem using Subversion.  Do you have any ideas?  Update 16-02-2009: This is the vbs script i used to export all the stored procedures:  Set con = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection") con.ConnectionString = "*** Database connection string here ***" con.Open  Set rs = CreateObject("ADODB.RecordSet") rs.ActiveConnection = con  strSQL = "SELECT ROUTINE_NAME, ROUTINE_DEFINITION " & _ "FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.routines " & _ "WHERE ROUTINE_NAME NOT LIKE 'dt_%' " & _ "ORDER BY 1"  Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") rs.Open strSQL  While Not rs.Eof      filename = rs("ROUTINE_NAME") & ".sql"     routineSQL = rs("ROUTINE_DEFINITION")     Set tf = fso.CreateTextFile(filename, True)     tf.Write routineSQL     tf.Close     set tf = Nothing      rs.MoveNext Wend Set fso = Nothing  rs.Close  Set rs = Nothing

I feel that my shop has a hole because we don't have a solid process in place for versioning our database schema changes. We do a lot of backups so we're more or less covered, but it's bad practice to rely on your last line of defense in this way.   Surprisingly, this seems to be a common thread. Many shops I have spoken to ignore this issue because their databases don't change often, and they basically just try to be meticulous.  However, I know how that story goes. It's only a matter of time before things line up just wrong and something goes missing.   Are there any best practices for this? What are some strategies that have worked for you?


I am traveling for the first time to a different country with Turkish Airlines. I have a flight from New Delhi to Bordeaux,France with layover at Istanbul. So will the baggage be transferred by them, or I will need to collect my baggage and get to the other flight? Both the flights are same i.e, Turkish Airlines.

I'll be traveling to Berlin, Germany from Colombo, Sri Lanka via Turkish Airways.  The itinerary would be: Colombo  <--> Istanbul- || Istanbul- <--> Berlin   The flights are all on one ticket. Would I be required to claim and re-check my baggage at Istanbul or can I check it in all the way from Colombo to Berlin without re-checking in the baggage again?


I have attached an object along a constraint path, When the path is flat the object follows along accordingly. I then make one point elevated so the object can heave then dive along the path. All up to the blue line its perfect, then once it comes down the slope, the object is tilted all along till the end of the path.

I have attempting to make a fin tube for two days and it is killing me.  Fin tubes are pipes that have a tight spiral of flat fins sticking out all around them. The spiral wraps around the circumference of the pipe. They are used in heat reclaimers among other places.  I made a spiral using the extra shapes add-on and scales pretty tight. And then I set the scale.  I made the fin shape and set its scale. I added the curve modifier and it jumped around a bit. I set its origin point to one end face and finally got it going the right way off the beginning of the curve.  Then I added the array modifier and moved it to the top  of the stack. It all looked good for the first loop, then the fins started to tip. The outside edge aimed upward steadily as the inside edge seemed to continue to be oriented at the center base of the curve.  How can I keep the darned things at 90 degrees to the z axis? Or should I be using a particle system? I haven't learned that one yet, sigh.


I read this story a long time ago, in the 1980s as a child.  It was science fiction from the 1970s or earlier, it had a 1960s "feel" to the writing.  A short paperback novel?  I don't remember a cover or any author's name.   Exploration ship from Earth finds a nearly idyllic world - lots of beaches and water, compatible plants, etc. When the exploration team lands, they unknowingly activate a sentient robot mind that is the real world.  There are underground caverns and robotic arms hiding among the bushes and trees of the world. The robot-world is camouflage for the robot mind running everything.  It is actually a "caretaker" type robot mind, protecting an even greater robot-mind or its creators below in deeper caverns, or a shellworld around another world. The robotic mind tries to understand the "robots" that came to its world, including taking one or two "explorers" that wander away from the main group, transporting them down to the caverns, "disassembling" them, then being unable to "reassemble" and "activate" them, so it puts the pieces and liquids into a large glass jar and leaves it on the surface for the other "explorers" to find (and possibly reactivate?  Obviously killing a human being and taking them apart will not let them be put back together again!). At some point the robotic mind is so afraid of being found out, it seriously considers awakening its secret, much bigger robot brain below in the lower caverns or inner world.  There is something that will go wrong if the inner world is ever awakened. The technology of the explorers is more 20th Century than 21st Century.  The robotic caretaker does not use "quantum" terminology, so it comes across as being somewhat barely 21st Century technology as well.   I do not know how the novel ended, with or without awakening the "inner" robot mind or people.  Any ideas on whose stand-alone novel this is?

I have been looking for a book that I read in the 80's but it's probably older. It was about a spaceship from Earth in a very long mission to discover life? I don't remember, but they had been far too long in space without any results, so the crew was on the verge of mutiny.  They land on a planet, home of two super-computers called...? Alpha? Beta? One seemed more advanced than the other, the planet was void of any other life, and supposedly it was forseen that the planet would be struck by a comet, and the computers see the ship as a way to save or abandon the planet before the impact.  At some point one member of the crew is captured by the computers, and it's vivisected in an attempt to get data about humans. Then they "reassemble" the crew member before returning it to the ship, hoping that the humans could "reactivate it" since the computers were unable to do so. Which of course enrages the ship's crew.  The ship was unable to take off for reason that I don't remember and they must fight the computers to save themselves.  Does anyone know what this is?  Thanks, as soon as I read the names, they did ring a bell on my memory. The case it's closed then.


I am going to be making a scene where I will be using camera tracking for the first time and I was wondering how to make good markers for good scene tracking... the scene is going to consist of just white drywall with a ball smashing through it from the inside of the drywall into view... I will be using cell fracture and bullet constraints for the scene... If there would be any other good tips for me to know, it would be great if you could comment it... But I need to know how to make good markers for camera tracking... Thank you very much!

I want to do some camera tracking. The things that I will be filming does not have a lot of detail on it, so that I will have to place some extra markers here and there. I am not sure what kind if markers to make. Should I make simple X's or should I just put some dots on it?


I am thinking of trying to clone some clean installs of Windows OSes (dual-boot) from a (src) 2TB drive (1863 GB) to a (dst) 1TB drive (931.5 GB).    The 2 OS partitions on (src) would only be 200 GB total, and I could also have a data partition of 731.5 GB, for a total of 931.5 GB of allocated space (the rest of the (src) drive has not been partitioned).  So will Clonezilla, or if not what other cloning tool would, allow me to DISK clone the partially allocated 2TB (src) drive to the 1TB (dst) drive, since they both have the same amount of allocated space?

I have a hard drive which is 153 GB with 116 GB free space. I would like to clone this drive to a hard drive which is a 149 GB big (this is the largest hard drive I have... It would be typical that my largest drive is only 4 GB to small).   Is there any way to do this (preferably with free or open source programs)? I am running Windows XP.


I just bought a powerbank for intending of using it to power a Rasberry Pi4b But, it seems i did not do enough research regarding the requirements of the Pi model i have. The powerbank is listed as "2X 5V / 2.1 A" (it's got two usb outputs). (while the Pi in question appears to need recommended ~3A)    So, i'm thinking, rather than try to return it; I could either fashion a custom USB cable, out of- or similar to, the  powering certain (older) external harddrives, having the Pi plugged into both of the USB outlets. Or, mod the powerbanks output, in the same way (removing one of the outputs) But, i am a bit puzzled if i'm even reading "2X 5V / 2.1 A" correctly, as to mean those are two ports able of 2.1A each ? ..Or, if that is commonly the total given in such spec. listings ? below is the powerbank specs from (Norwegian) manual if anyone's curious.

Power supplies are available in a wide range of voltage and current ratings.  If I have a device that has specific voltage and current ratings, how do those relate to the power ratings I need to specify?  What if I don't know the device's specs, but am replacing a previous power supply with particular ratings?  Is it OK to go lower voltage, or should it always be higher?  What about current?  I don't want a 10 A supply to damage my 1 A device.


I'm looking at datasheet for old RAM's and EEPROMS, and one in particular I'm using is part AT28C256. Why is it that the order of the address lines do not correspond with the actual pin number. An example of mis-alignment is that on a AT28C256, the first 10 pins are labeled A14, A12, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1, and A0. Why don't the engineers of the chip make it so they can be labelled as A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, and A9? and just saying to label the lines yourself isn't an answer because some chips use a special timing where if you write data to the first n bytes in a certain period of time, the write supposedly executes faster (at least thats what the AT28C256 datasheet claims).  Also, Why are the control signals (such as the OE and CE in AT28C256) assigned to the middle pins of the chip instead of the outer pins?   I ask this because I'm having a hard time routing everything without resorting to multiple extra long jumpers (or double-sided board which I'm not ready for yet).

I'm trying to design PCB traces for a 27512 EPROM chip. But its pinout for the higher half of the address bus seems completely illogical to me and I cannot imagine how should I lay out my traces for it. Here's how the pinout looks like:    Other components have the data and address bus pins in order, so I need (and I would prefer) to keep it that way.  27512 has it in order, too, but only for the lower half of the address bus (A0..A7) and data bus (D0..D7); although the data bus goes around the bottom of the chip and around the ground pin (so I would need to trace it in some other direction or use a jumper wire to jump over my data bus).  But the upper half of the address bus jumps all around the chip and doesn't seem to follow any particular order: first it goes down (A8,A9), then it goes up starting from a completely different pin (A10,A11), and then jumps to the other side of the chip, then it jumps back to move up again, and then jumps to the other corner :-/  This is really weird to me, and I don't know how to make it in order again (especially to keep up with the order of the lower half of the address bus).  So my question is:  Is there any clever logic behind all this jumping around? I cannot imagine that the designers of the chip just put the pinout randomly (especially when they kept the order of two other buses well enough). I'm more likely to believe that they had some particular sophisticated PCB layout in mind when designing it. But I also cannot see the logic behind it.  I also took a look at other EPROM and SRAM chips and they all seem to have this very same pinout design, so I guess there was some rationale to keep it that way. But the PCB layout for this particular layout isn't very obvious to me. Is there any standard way to lay out the traces for these memory chips I should know of? Because without it, I would have to make a lot of jumpers on my PCB (one-sided) to restore the correct ordering of the bus lines.


My download speed in terminal apps(apt-get, wget) is very slow. Although GUI apps such as Firefox and Chrome work fine. I have no idea why this is. Its quite a wierd problem and yes, I've tried turning it off and on again

Downloading from the main Ubuntu archive is slow even when it's not release day, how can I get apt-get to automatically use a mirror that is close to me?


Is it possible to make a command that create commands??  Something like:  \newcommand{apprentice}[4][forestgreen]{ % \newcommand{#2}{ \color{#1} Lærling #3}%  \newcommand{a#2}{\color{#1} #4}% }   that creates 2 new commands \#2 and \a#2 defined as shown above.  this would just be faster than doing the above 8+ times

I'm not sure exactly what terminology to use to ask this question.   What I want to do is define a command pluralize such that I can do this:   \newcommand{\individual}{individual\xspace} \pluralize{\individual}  the \individual with the \individuals   and then get   the individual with the individuals     The reason I want to do this is because I might change terminology like:  \newcommand{\individual}{name\xspace} \pluralize{\individual}  the \individual with the \individuals   and then get   the name with the names     Currently what I'm doing is explicitly writing out the plural version of each command like:   \newcommand{\individual}{individual\xspace} \newcommand{\individuals}{\individual{}s\xspace}   But it seems like I should be able to turn this into a macro for simple pluralizations.   I have tried three things so far that do not work. First I tried what I thought may work:  \newcommand{\pluralize}[1]{\newcommand{\#1}{\#1{}s\xspace}   Then I looked online. I tried following the guidelines in   I came up with   \makeatletter \newcommand{\pluralize}[1]{%     \expandafter\newcommand\csname #1s\endcsname{#1{}s\xspace}% } \makeatother   and   \makeatletter \newcommand{\pluralize}[1]{%     \@namedef{#1s}{\\#1s\xspace} } \makeatother \expandafter\newcommand\csname #1s\endcsname{#1{}s}%   but I either get a compile error, or an error if I use the macro. I'm not really  sure what the @namedef, \expandafter, or \csname commands do either.     How can I correctly define the pluralize command?


What is the proper way to handle times in C code for 32-bit embedded Linux (ARMLinux) to ensure that the code continues to work properly after 03:14:07 UTC on 19 January 2038 (when a signed 32-bit time_t overflows)? Given that time_t is signed 32-bit on the system I have to use, what are the alternatives?  A considerable amount of googling has uncovered nothing of practical use. Everyone seems to assume that we will all be using 64-bit OSs by then, but this patently isn't true of embedded systems.  On the system I am required to use, __kernel_time_t is defined as a long. Which presumably means that there is no kernel facility for 64 bit time. The version of uClibc is 0.9.29.  I can't believe I'm the only one with this problem, and I don't want to reinvent the wheel.

I would like to think that some of the software I'm writing today will be used in 30 years. But I am also aware that a lot of it is based upon the UNIX tradition of exposing time as the number of seconds since 1970.  #include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> #include <limits.h>  void print(time_t rt) {     struct tm * t = gmtime(&rt);     puts(asctime(t)); }  int main() {     print(0);     print(time(0));     print(LONG_MAX);     print(LONG_MAX+1); }   Execution results in:   Thu Jan  1 00:00:00 1970 Sat Aug 30 18:37:08 2008 Tue Jan 19 03:14:07 2038 Fri Dec 13 20:45:52 1901           The functions ctime(), gmtime(), and localtime() all take as an argument a time value representing the time in seconds since the Epoch (00:00:00 UTC, January 1, 1970; see time(3) ).      I wonder if there is anything proactive to do in this area as a programmer, or are we to trust that all software systems (aka Operating Systems) will some how be magically upgraded in the future?  Update It would seem that indeed 64-bit systems are safe from this:  import java.util.*;  class TimeTest {     public static void main(String[] args) {         print(0);         print(System.currentTimeMillis());         print(Long.MAX_VALUE);         print(Long.MAX_VALUE + 1);     }      static void print(long l) {         System.out.println(new Date(l));     } }    Wed Dec 31 16:00:00 PST 1969 Sat Aug 30 12:02:40 PDT 2008 Sat Aug 16 23:12:55 PST 292278994 Sun Dec 02 08:47:04 PST 292269055   But what about the year 292278994?


Neither you nor I are going to the show, or, Neither you nor I am going to the show

I was watching the film A Game of Shadows starring Robert Downey Junior and Jude Law when this line came up, "...neither you nor I is in control..." (I can’t remember the exact words that ended the phrase; if anyone can supply them, it would be much appreciated.)   It immediately struck me as being odd. When I mentioned this to my boyfriend; an English native speaker, with a PhD in something sciency, he told me it was correct. When I asked why, he couldn't explain but put forward the following sentence as an example. "Neither of us is in control..." However, I disagreed with the wording and said the sentence should have been: "Neither one of us is in control..." The genderless third person, one, is singular, and hence, so too the verb that follows. And we say, "one is" NOT "one are".      "Neither you nor I are in control over ..."    I believe the above sounds better, but it is more logical to say:     "Neither you nor I am in control..."    because the verb agrees with the subject closest to it; however, I'm not sure if I have ever read or heard this solution. So, I tried inverting the subject and auxiliary verb order and the resulting phrase was:    "Neither you nor am I in control..."    which sounds very formal, pompous, and ... odd. Am I imagining things?  The two subjects you and I are two separate individuals who are not joined together, I agree the verb should be in the singular; but why should we use "is"? We don't say, "you is" or "I is". Before anyone rushes off to claim my question is a duplicate of a previous Stackexchange one:  I want to explain why the answer to that question fails to explain why my boyfriend and the film makers consider the  sentence below correct:     Neither you nor I is in control...   As I see it, Michael and Albert are two separate individuals, it therefore stands to reason that the verb should be singular, and "is" agrees with the subject. If I rephrase the neither and nor construction, I would get:          Michael is not correct but neither is Albert   OR          Michael is not correct and Albert isn't either.      Which have the same meaning, (either being the negative equivalent of neither) the sentences are grammatical which leads me to conclude that the verb must be singular and hence         Neither Michael nor Albert is correct      However, when I rephrase the "neither you nor I" sentence following the same procedure I have to say this:        You are not in control but neither am I (‘I am’ is ungrammatical)   OR              You are not in control and I’m not either.      which leads me to surmise that the sentence below must be grammatically correct        Neither you nor I am in control"      So, why does my boyfriend insist that the sentence ought to be:     Neither you nor I is in control   Which one of us is right and why?


I want to pass the result of a mysql query out as JSON in PHP 5.6.3. The data contains non alphanumeric characters, particularly in this case the 'degrees' symbol (as in '45º').  json_encode seems to fail silently if the data contains such characters:  $json = json_encode($my_obj);   I can make the encode step work by using utf8_encode on the offending properties:  $my_obj->description = utf8_encode($my_obj->description);   ...but then I get output like this: '45Âº' which is not desirable.  The database table uses UTF-8 Unicode encoding (utf_unicode_ci) and the data appears to be stored and retrieved successfully. It just breaks json_encode when it finds these characters.  How to solve this?

I'm setting up a new server and want to support UTF-8 fully in my web application. I have tried this in the past on existing servers and always seem to end up having to fall back to ISO-8859-1.  Where exactly do I need to set the encoding/charsets? I'm aware that I need to configure Apache, MySQL, and PHP to do this — is there some standard checklist I can follow, or perhaps troubleshoot where the mismatches occur?  This is for a new Linux server, running MySQL 5, PHP, 5 and Apache 2.


I symbolized a parcel shapefile in ArcGIS 10 with about 2 dozen different colors. I need to use this in ArcGIS 9.3 as well, so I saved it as a .lyr file. This works fine in 10. But when I go to 9.3, I can add the shapefile, but not the .lyr file, or import it for symbolization (geometry doesn't match error). Is there a way to make a .lyr file in 10 so that 9 will recognize it? The .lyr file comes from the same shapefile, so I don't know why it wouldn't recognize it. I want to use this symbolization for a half dozen shapefiles a/o feature classes, so really don't want to manually recreate it. Thanks.

If I save layer files in ArcGIS 10, can they be opened and modified in ArcGIS 9.3?


I am working on linux kernel code sometimes, and I almost every time I forget to set :set noexptab on vim when I am editing the kernel source code.  My default vimrc expands tabs into spaces, but I would like to have a function that could distinguish if I am currently editing kernel source code or not, and set the expandtab accordingly.  Basically, the kernel sources are in the linux-x.x.x directory, where is the root directory that I open the vim. I believe this is the start point.

How do I specify Vim settings for all files under the current directory?  The ideal solution would be if Vim searched for and read a .vimrc in the current directory before searching for ~/.vimrc, and apply the settings there for the entire tree.  I've seen a , but this means the applied settings aren't transparent since they require the plugin to be installed.  In contrast, a modeline is transparent since regardless of a user's vimrc or specific vim invocation the modeline settings will be applied for that file.  Things I tried are   placing a .vimrc in the working directory :so vimrc in the modeline.   I suppose both don't work for security reasons.  I don't need the full power of a vimrc; being bound to settings acceptable by a modeline would suffice.  My goal is to make it easier for vimmers to adopt coding standards in a project.


I have a string like :   myStr = "abcd123[ 45][12] cd [67]"   I want to fetch all the sub-strings between '[' and ']' markers. I am using findall to fetch the same but all i get is everything between firsr '[' and ']' last character.  print re.findall('\[(.+)\]', myStr)   What wrong am i doing here ?

I have this gigantic ugly string: J0000000: Transaction A0001401 started on 8/22/2008 9:49:29 AM J0000010: Project name: E:\foo.pf J0000011: Job name: MBiek Direct Mail Test J0000020: Document 1 - Completed successfully  I'm trying to extract pieces from it using regex. In this case, I want to grab everything after Project Name up to the part where it says J0000011: (the 11 is going to be a different number every time). Here's the regex I've been playing with: Project name:\s+(.*)\s+J[0-9]{7}:  The problem is that it doesn't stop until it hits the J0000020: at the end. How do I make the regex stop at the first occurrence of J[0-9]{7}?


I need a book for general condensed matter physics, preferably at an undergraduate level, e.g. at Ashcroft and Mermin's level or below. Modern applications are preferred.

What are some good condensed matter physics books that can fill the gap between Ashcroft & Mermin and research papers? Suggestions for any specialized topics (such as superconductivity, CFT, topological insulators) are welcomed.


I am french and my student visa for China arrives soon to its expiration date and I only have one entry. I am planning to go traveling to Hong Kong then Thailand and come back to Beijing (to find my stuffs), and finally go back to Paris 2 days after arriving to Beijing.  Am I eligible to 72-hour visa free transit in the Beijing Capital Airport ?  I already made some reasearch, and it seems that frontier security only check the first and third country you are going. In my case it would be Hong Kong and Beijing.  Do anyone who had similar situation can tell me ?

Assuming one wants to travel through China, what are the rules for visa-free access? To be more specific:   How does the 24-hour visa free transit work? How does the 72-hour version work? What does a person ineligible for either of these programs have to do to transit China? Do the programs apply to flights only or do they also work for transit on land? Would a visitor save much hassle by using visa free transit instead of just getting a visa?      NB: this is intended as a canonical question on transiting China


As you can see this is a simple question of how to apply a modifier in blender 2.9.  From the image there is no apply option, so where is it?

Why I can't apply mirror modifier? Here's screen


If I have two normal distributions $\mathcal{N}_1(\mu_1 = 8, \sigma^2 = 2)$ and $\mathcal{N}_2(\mu_2 = 10, \sigma^2 = 2)$, how do I turn these into the standard normal distribution, so I can easily calculate relations between the two. Do I use the same mean on both $Y_1 = \dfrac{X_1-\mu_1}{\sigma}$, $Y_2 = \dfrac{X_2-\mu_1}{\sigma}$ or two different means $Y_1 = \dfrac{X_1-\mu_1}{\sigma}$, $Y_2 = \dfrac{X_2-\mu_2}{\sigma}$ on the transform?

I want to understand how to prove results regarding the relationship between the standard and nonstandard normal distributions. In other words, I want to prove the results regarding how to use z tables with nonstandard normal distributions, and finding its p'th percentiles.  What books or articles should I get through to do that? I have taken courses on calculus, real analysis and complex analysis. Do I need anything else to prove the results?


I am trying to build a micro controller system where I input music from a phone/tablet and control the volume using a hardware keypad and do other stuff with the audio. I am trying to understand how to convert the +/- 2.5 V audio signal from phone to 0-5V for micro controller input. Thanks

I have a front end module that generates an (ECG) signal that varies from +/-2.5 V. I want to shift this signal to 0 - 5V. What is the best way to do this? Would a summing amplifier like the below circuit good enough? With R1 = R2 and V1 = 2.5V, V2 = my signal, V3 = V4 = GND


what this sentence means"The correlation squared (r2 or R2) has special meaning in simple linear regression. It represents the proportion of variation in Y explained by X".

It is often stated that the square of the sample correlation $r^2$ is equivalent to the $R^2$ coefficient of determination for simple linear regression. I have been unable to demonstrate this myself and would appreciate a full proof of this fact.


I know that inodes aren't necessarily deallocated with certain removal/deletion methods that users/programs use.  When inodes are still present and pointing to files that have been deleted, but two or more Linux utilities show a discrepancy with the available space, how do I deallocate the inodes that point to the deleted files?  I have no hidden, forgottent-about backup of a file system.  The files deleted were not log files (so restarting the syslog daemon wouldn't apply to this problem).  The two links posted below as of 10:51 AM Pacific time don't apply to my question.

I have a fileserver where df reports 94% of / full. But according to du, much less is used:  # df -h / Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3             270G  240G   17G  94% / # du -hxs / 124G    /   I read that open but deleted files could be responsible for it but a reboot did not fix this.  This is Linux, ext3.  regards


The circuit is shown at this schematic.    How do I find the equivalent voltage of the current source by simplifying the circuit?

Can I simplify this circuit to just one resistor? How can I find the equivalent voltage of the current source in this circuit?


My question is: What is the number of digits of this number? : $$2^{333111160}$$

Is there a direct way to determine how many digits a power of 2 will contain without actually performing the multiplication?  An estimation would help as well if there is no absolute solution.  EDIT: In both decimal and binary bases.


Generally thread can be created in 2 ways   Extending a thread class Implementing a Runnable interface   By reading in all tutorials, all says that implementing a Runnable interface is always good since you cannot extend any other class if you create by extending(1st method) I agree. And also if we create thread by extending then every thread will create new object whereas if we create thread by implementing all thread will share the same object.   My question is if implementing Runnable is best option and extending thread is bad practice why java have this option? I believe there must be surely some advantage if we create thread by extending ( I believe we should use extending thread method, when there is no other parent class is not the only answer )  Thanks in advance

From what time I've spent with threads in Java, I've found these two ways to write threads:  With implements Runnable:  public class MyRunnable implements Runnable {     public void run() {         //Code     } } //Started with a "new Thread(new MyRunnable()).start()" call   Or, with extends Thread:  public class MyThread extends Thread {     public MyThread() {         super("MyThread");     }     public void run() {         //Code     } } //Started with a "new MyThread().start()" call   Is there any significant difference in these two blocks of code ?


Why int variable id's in python 2.7 are equal only until 256 ?  For example:  >>> y = 256 >>> m = 256 >>> m is y True >>> y = 257 >>> m = 257 >>> id(m) 16282096 >>> id(y) 16281952 >>> m is y False

Why does the following behave unexpectedly in Python?  >>> a = 256 >>> b = 256 >>> a is b True           # This is an expected result >>> a = 257 >>> b = 257 >>> a is b False          # What happened here? Why is this False? >>> 257 is 257 True           # Yet the literal numbers compare properly   I am using Python 2.5.2. Trying some different versions of Python, it appears that Python 2.3.3 shows the above behaviour between 99 and 100.  Based on the above, I can hypothesize that Python is internally implemented such that "small" integers are stored in a different way than larger integers and the is operator can tell the difference. Why the leaky abstraction? What is a better way of comparing two arbitrary objects to see whether they are the same when I don't know in advance whether they are numbers or not?


A ball sitting in a person's hand is at rest. The ball is thrown into the air. There must be some upward acceleration which is greater than the acceleration due to gravity, since in order for the ball to move, the upward force must be greater than the force of gravity. Since the mass of the ball doesn't change, the acceleration upwards must be greater than the acceleration downwards for the upward force to be greater than the downward force.  The instant the ball leaves the hand, what is its acceleration?    a. Acceleration of gravity, downward b. Upward acceleration from the throw c. Something else   If a, how it can be that the acceleration changes instantaneously to that of gravity, what happens to the acceleration from the throw?  If b, at some point the only acceleration on the ball must be from gravity (because otherwise the ball would keep going forever like a rocket), yet this means the acceleration is decreasing and at some point it will be 0. Then there is no force acting on the ball and it is moving at a constant velocity, but this doesn't make sense because the ball is certainly accelerating due to gravity.  If c, then what is really happening?  EDIT: It seems that according to the answer of another question here, "a" is correct. However, that question and its answer does not address what happens to the upward acceleration from the hand. Does it instantaneously become zero, such that the ball only has an initial velocity upward but not an initial acceleration upward?

When a ball is thrown up in upward direction, it is said that force is in downward direction. Why we don't we consider the force given to the ball to throw up in the upward direction? Is there is no effect of the force given to the ball?


Source:      Pro-Russian separatists, some of them armed, have seized about a dozen official buildings in eastern Ukraine. They say they are rising up against a Ukrainian government they say is illegitimate, but Kiev says they are proxies of the Russian government bent on destabilizing Ukraine.   Why is there no that connecting the two parts of the sentence: everything before against a Ukrainian government and after they say is illegitimate?  So, I would rather prefer to read it like this:     They say they are rising up against a Ukrainian government that they say is illegitimate...

He will understand that I was not joking.   He will understand I was not joking.  Which of the sentences is correct? Are there any specific rules about the use of "that" in the sentences I reported as example?


Assume the following:  algorithm used is known encoded message is known key is not known  When trying a guessed key, every guessed key will result in some output. How does one recognize that the key is correct? I'm asking this regarding the movie, in which people during WW2 in Great Britain used some mechanical computer. For this to work, they would need some mechanical recognition to signal that the resulting text is not gibberish.

I am wondering whether there is a bulletproof way to know if one is successful in decrypting a file.   As an example, say I encrypt a text file and protect it with a 3 letter password. I use brute force to decrypt it, but two different passwords lead to a file that contains English intelligible text. Is there a way for me to know which one is the original one? In other words, is there an infallible way to know I've entered the password correctly?


On the Event Calendar, if you click on one of the links, it takes you to the DispForm.aspx page. I would like to change that link to go to a custom page but am unable to locate where that change takes place.

I have several calendar views and I would like to point them to different page views I have created.   Is there a way of doing this? If so how would I go about doing this? It currently points to  DispForm.aspx  Please note SharePoint is fairly new to me.  I will appreciate any help on this.


I just loaded a fresh copy of Ubuntu onto my Raspberry Pi, and now I am attempting to configure it for running a PLEX server at home. I got the stage where one enters a new password to replace the default password of ubuntu, but whenever I enter a random string I selected as a password, such as M8YaSLq2iP, it will not accept it, and instead outputs: passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchanged Connection to 10.0.0.57 closed.  [process exited with code 10]  I am connected to my Pi over a LAN connection, using Windows SSH to connect to it. I have been searching the forums for a solution, and as far as I can tell, the password should be a valid UNIX password. Also, every fix for the error mentioned requires you not to set up your password for the first time, as you need to be able to run other commands in the command line. Thank you for any help you can provide in lessening my headache here!

I am logging in to my Ubuntu Server using my username. Once I am logged in I am typing passwd command. Entering a new password but a second after getting following error messages:  passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchanged   What is wrong here? How can I change my password otherwise if I don't have access to that server physically, i.e. I am connecting remotely with ssh using terminal.


I've inherited multiple servers, each containing one database and one instance of SQL Server 2008 R2 SP2. Each server is set to use 12GB min/max memory and has Lock Pages in Memory enabled. The servers have a total of 16GB memory, so 4GB is left for the OS and anything else.  My question is - Is this best practice? Should the servers be set to the same value for min/max memory or will this cause performance issues? I'm investigating a sudden increase in CPU usage across multiple servers and want to rule this out if possible.

What are the correct settings for min-memory and max-memory in this use case?  The server has 8GB ram, dual Intel Xeon processors, running Windows Server 2008 R2 / Sql Server 2008 Standard Edition. It's running several databases ranging from 30GB - 5GB in size.  Originally the memory usage was set to the default settings (min=0 max=2,147,483,647). On these settings most of the memory usage was taken up by sqlservr.exe and the server would eventually need to be restarted every day or two. It would run normally at first but within a day start to timeout on simple operations like looking up a record using the primary key.   I have changed min=4,096 and max=6,144. This results in only 1.4GB memory usage. However now all four cpus are running at 50-60% cpu usage constantly. Tasks are taking roughly 1/3rd longer to execute, although the server is much more stable.


I have the task of creating a simple Excel sheet that takes an unspecified number of rows in Column A like this:  1234 123461 123151 11321   And make them into a comma-separated list in another cell that the user can easily copy and paste into another program like so:  1234,123461,123151,11321   What is the easiest way to do this?


I need to turn a list of last names into alphanumeric usernames, however unfortunately some of them contain non-ascii characters:  Hernández Quermançós  Migueláñez   Now one way would just to use a regex to remove any non-alpha numeric characters such as a.replace(/[^a-z0-9]/gi,''). However a more intuitive solution (at least for the user) would be to replace accented characters with their "plain" equivalent, e.g. turn á, á into a, and ç into c, etc. Is there an easy way to do this in javascript?

For a poor man's implementation of near-collation-correct sorting on the client side I need a JavaScript function that does efficient single character replacement in a string. Here is what I mean (note that this applies to German text, other languages sort differently):  native sorting gets it wrong: a b c o u z ä ö ü collation-correct would be:   a ä b c o ö u ü z  Basically, I need all occurrences of "ä" of a given string replaced with "a" (and so on). This way the result of native sorting would be very close to what a user would expect (or what a database would return). Other languages have facilities to do just that: , in , , . But what about JavaScript? Here is what I have right now. // s would be a rather short string (something like  // 200 characters at max, most of the time much less) function makeSortString(s) {   var translate = {     "ä": "a", "ö": "o", "ü": "u",     "Ä": "A", "Ö": "O", "Ü": "U"   // probably more to come   };   var translate_re = /[öäüÖÄÜ]/g;   return ( s.replace(translate_re, function(match) {      return translate[match];    }) ); }  For starters, I don't like the fact that the regex is rebuilt every time I call the function. I guess a closure can help in this regard, but I don't seem to get the hang of it for some reason. Can someone think of something more efficient?  Answers below fall in two categories:  String replacement functions of varying degrees of completeness and efficiency (what I was originally asking about) A  of  , which is now  among JS engines (not so much at the time of the question) and could solve this category of problem much more elegantly.


I have some troubles with spacing before and after tabular boxes. When my table have only one row, everything is okay.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{setspace}  \begin{document} \doublespacing Some text.  \begin{tabular}{|l|} \hline Some text.\\ \hline \end{tabular}  Some text. \end{document}     But when I add new row, spacing before and after table disappears!  \begin{tabular}{|l|} \hline Some text.\\ \hline Some text.\\ \hline \end{tabular}     What should I do to fix this?

The tabular environment does not add any vertical space before or after it. This looks odd, in my view. What is the "correct" or "best" way to add some space? Also, why is there more space after the tabular environment than before it, as seen in the example below?  \documentclass{article} \begin{document} \noindent Here is a line with some text in it.  \begin{tabular}{*4{l}}     Worg & Worg & Worg & Worg\\     Worg & Worg & Worg & Worg\\ \end{tabular}  \noindent Here is another line with some text in it. \end{document}


Prove that:$$\cos x+\cos(2x)+\cdots+\cos (nx)=\frac{\sin(\frac{nx}{2})\cos\frac{(n+1)x}{2}}{\sin(\frac{x}{2})}.\ (1)$$   My attempt:$$\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)\sum_{k=1}^{n}\cos{(kx)}$$$$=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)\cos{(kx)} $$ (Applying $\sin x\cos y =\frac{1}{2}\left[\sin(x+y)+\sin(x-y)\right]$) $$=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{1}{2}\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}-kx\right)+\frac{1}{2}\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}+kx\right).$$Multiplying $(1)$ by $\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)$ ,gives: $$\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)\cos(kx)=\sin\left(\frac{nx}{2}\right)\cos{\frac{(n+1)x}{2}}$$ $$\Leftrightarrow\sum_{k=1}^{n}\left[\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}-kx\right)+\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}+kx\right)\right]=\sin\left(-\frac{x}{2}\right)+\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}+nx\right).$$Then, by induction on $n$ and using $(\sin x\sin y)$ and $(\sin x +\sin y)$ formulas, I end in here:  $$\sum_{k=1}^{n+1}\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)\cos(kx)=\left[2\sin\left(\frac{nx}{2}\right)\cos\frac{(n+1)x}{2}\right]+\left[2\sin\left(\frac{x}{2}\right)\cos(n+1)x\right].$$ Any help would be appreciated, thanks!

Possible Duplicate:          Prove $$\cos(\alpha) + \cos(\alpha + \beta) + \cos(\alpha + 2\beta) + \dots + \cos[\alpha + (n-1)\beta] = \frac{\cos(\alpha + \frac{n-1}{2}\beta) \cdot \sin\frac{n\beta}{2}}{\sin\frac{\beta}{2}} $$


Okay, this question comes up in my mind most of the time. Considering the basic law on life and death: when a body part is taken from a dead body, it can never get that back. But in Naruto, many reanimated ninjas had lost their eye of some or the other reason (Sharingan, Rinnegan and Byakugan mainly).  As far as I know, Sasuke has taken Itachi's eyes to awaken his powers. So then how could Itachi get his Sharingan back when Kabuto reanimated him? Is there any kind of logic behind this which I've missed out? Or is that some law in the shinobi world? Obito had taken over Nagato's Rinnegan, yet Nagato had the Rinnegan when he was reanimated. Considering the power of Rinnegan which creates stuff, there hasn't been any scene where Sharingan and other eyes of Rinnegan were created and transplanted into Itachi and Nagato.

This question contains spoilers for anime viewers and early manga viewers.      When Nagato was revived with Edo Tensei, he had Madara's eyes. When Madara was revived, he had his original eyes too (Rinnegan, much like Nagato).   Is this exploitable? Can I repeat this cycle of transplant and revive to duplicate strong eyes? How does that work really?


I forgot my password on yahoo and I wanted to know do I get the option of secret questions to reset my password? I don't have access to the number linked on my account.

I have forgotten my Yahoo! Mail account password. What is the procedure to retrieve my password?  Note that I'm not asking where the link is. I want to learn about the procedure (i.e. if they ask me about my birthday, the secret question which I defined years ago, etc.).


How do I pass $variables['is_front'] from template_preprocess_page() to a jquery script in Drupal8?

In your MODULENAME.module file: $testVariable = 'himanshu'; drupal_add_js(array('MODULENAME' => array('testvar' => $testVariable)), array('type' => 'setting')); drupal_add_js(drupal_get_path('module', 'MODULENAME') . '/MODULENAME.js');  In MODULENAME.js file: (function($) {   Drupal.behaviors.MODULENAME = {     attach: function (context, settings) {       alert(settings.MODULENAME.testvar);     }   }; })(jQuery);  this way you can pass your php variable in drupal javascript file and use the variable :) How can I implement the above in Drupal 8?


public static void main(String[] args){     int n;     Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);     n=in.nextInt();     int[] arr = new int[n];     for(int i=0; i<=n; i++){         arr[i]=i*2;     } }  I'm just confused about what is the input in space or time complexity.

I'd prefer as little formal definition as possible and simple mathematics.