I am using the OREGONSTATE_PRISM_Norm81m data set on Google Earth Engine and I am trying to clip the data to only Washington State. I uploaded a shapefile from the Washington Department of Natural Resource GIS Open Data. This is the code I currently have, I only have added the shapefile and changed the map center from the original data.  var dataset = ee.ImageCollection('OREGONSTATE/PRISM/AN81d')                   .filter(ee.Filter.date('2018-08-01', '2018-08-15')); var precipitation = dataset.select('ppt'); var precipitationVis = {   min: 0.0,   max: 50.0,   palette: ['red', 'yellow', 'green', 'cyan', 'purple'], };  var state = table.filter(ee.Filter.eq('JURISDIC_3', 'Washington State')); var rain = precipitation.clip(state);  Map.setCenter(-120.332, 47.448, 7); Map.addLayer(precipitation, precipitationVis, 'Precipitation'); Map.addLayer(table);   The error message states that "precipitation.clip is not a function" and I am very confused because I have used a similar code several times before.

I am looking for a way to clip image collection by a given polygon geometry with Python API, The GEE JavaScript equivalent is simply ImageCollection.clip(geom) () With the python API I get the error: 'ImageCollection' object has no attribute 'clip'.  I'm adding my code after using .mean() as a reducer My code: set the boundary polygon my_boundary = ee.Geometry.Polygon([ [[-5, 40],[65, 40],[65, 60],[-5, 60],[-5, 60]]] ,proj=None) #set the ImageCollection and Image img_Collection = ee.ImageCollection('COPERNICUS/S5P/NRTI/L3_NO2').filterDate('2020-03-01', '2020-03-27').select('NO2_column_number_density') my_Image=img_Collection.mean().clip(my_boundary) #Create Ipyleaflet map my_map = ipyleaflet.Map(zoom=7) my_map.add_layer(layer=my_Image) my_map error: AttributeError: 'Image' object has no attribute 'model_id'


So basically i found this thing in my home. It's super small so I had to zoom it for you. Whiteish/yellowish colour. We had bedbug problem back in our dorms and I'm worried I somehow managed to transfer them home but I don't know if it's a bedbug nymph or a book lice or what kind of insect, so I'd really appreciate someone's opinion on this.  Edit: It's really small, like. really small. my mother wouldn't even see it and thought me crazy. Just zoom made it look bigger. I'd say 1.5mm maximum at the very best. Moves kinda quickly and I thought it jumped two times when i was trying to capturing but maybe it was just me doing it to it. Living in Europe, Slovakia specifically.

I found a few of these walking in the middle of the night (about 3 AM) on a wall in my room near the floor. They are at most a few millimetres long (no more than 2 I would say). I am living in Poland, in a block of flats.  EDIT:  Since I first wrote, I have seen few more - very small - less then 1 millimetre long. They seemed to be coming from behind the baseboard. This time I've seen them during daytime.


I am using biblatex to generate a bibliography and using hyperref for clickable links. I want to set a reference to a website. Let's say Ansys' one using the @online class. So my .bib file would contain something like this:  @online{ansysTag,     title = {ANSYS Studio},     url = {https://ansys.com/},     urldate = {2020-04-01} }   I would like to get rid of the 'https' in the printed bibliography as it looks unaesthetic and useless. Similarly to . But if I get rid of the https in the url field, the link is not clickable anymore. I tried replacing it by \href{https://ansys.com/}{ansys.com} but this would not work either.  Is there a simpler solution ? Thanks.

I want to streamline my bibliography by removing the protocol information (http:// and https://) from the printed version of the URL without breaking the hyperrefs. My solution at the moment looks like this  \documentclass{article}  \begin{filecontents}{bibliography.bib} @misc{key1, author="Google", title="Google", url="https://google.com", } @misc{key2, author="Microsoft", title="Bing", url="http://bing.com", } @misc{key3, author="DuckDuckGo", title="DuckDuckGo", url="https://duckduckgo.com", } \end{filecontents}  \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{biblatex}  \DeclareSourcemap{%   \maps[datatype=bibtex,overwrite=true]{%     \map{       \step[fieldsource=url, final=true]       \step[fieldset=userd, origfieldval,final=true]       \step[fieldsource=userd, match=\regexp{\A(ht|f)tp(s)?:\/\/([^/]+)},replace=\regexp{$3}]     }   }% }  \DeclareFieldFormat{url}{\mkbibacro{URL}\addcolon\space\href{#1}{\url{\thefield{userd}}}}  \bibliography{bibliography} \nocite{*}  \begin{document} \printbibliography \end{document}   But I am sure that there must be a simpler solution, especially the Sourcemap seems to me like overkill considering this problem. At the very least I have not come up with the simplest regular expression.


Not sure why but there doesn't seem to be a utility app that allows defining a search and delete duplicates by file extension or type.  Is it possible to do through some terminal script? Like for:     Strata Design 3D CX Model    .sd3

From:  How do I modify this to only delete the first version of the file it sees.  Open Terminal from Spotlight or the Utilities folder Change to the directory (folder) you want to search from (including sub-folders) using the cd command. At the command prompt type cd  for example cd ~/Documents to change directory to your home Documents folder At the command prompt, type the following command:   find . -size 20 \! -type d -exec cksum {} \; | sort | tee /tmp/f.tmp | cut -f 1,2 -d ' ' | uniq -d | grep -hif – /tmp/f.tmp > duplicates.txt   This method uses a simple checksum to determine whether files are identical. The names of duplicate items will be listed in a file named duplicates.txt in the current directory. Open this to view the names of identical files There are now various ways to delete the duplicates. To delete all the files in the text file, at the command prompt type:   while read file; do rm "$file"; done < duplicates.txt


I understand that this may be a naive question but my understanding is that GR predicts that antiparticles should be affected by gravity just as regular matter is. But does GR discuss how a massive (say planet-sized) chunk of antimatter would curve space?

According to the Dirac equation, antimatter is the negative energy solution to the following relation:  $$E^2 = p^2 c^2 + m^2 c^4.$$  And according to general relativity, the Einstein tensor (which roughly represents the curvature of spacetime) is linearly dependent on (and I assume would then have the same mathematical sign as) the stress-energy tensor:  $$G_{\mu \nu} = \frac{8 \pi G}{c^4}T_{\mu \nu}.$$  For antimatter, the sign of the stress-energy tensor would change, as the sign of the energy changes.  Would this change the sign of the Einstein tensor, causing spacetime to be curved in the opposite direction as it would be curved if normal matter with positive energy were in its place?  Or does adding in the cosmological constant change things here?


Neither Nancy nor Loma remembered to bring _______ camera ]  Her Their Them Neither  In this questions option C "their" was given correct answer but I need an explanation to it as I read the rule that the pair "Neither + nor" agrees with the nearest subject.

Which one is correct?   Neither my friend nor I feel my best in the morning. Neither my friend nor I feel her best in the morning. Neither my friend nor I feel our best in the morning.    I already know that the verb agrees with the subject closer to the verb:   Neither my friends nor my brother understands me. (correct) Neither my friends nor my brother understand me. (wrong)   AND   Neither my brother nor my friends understand me. (correct) Neither my brother nor my friends understands me. (wrong)


I have a Nikkon D3200 and it comes with a 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 Auto Focus-S DX VR NIKKOR Zoom Lens.  I read that before I purchase a 35mm prime lens, I should set my lens to 35mm and then take pictures for a week to see how I feel.   I want to achieve bokeh or lens background blur so that I can focus on the person or object in focus. However I do not get that when setting my camera in aperture priority mode.   The lowest my kit lens can go is F/3.5, and the lens I want to buy is F/1.8  Will I ever see background blur with my kit lens or do i have to purchase the Nikkor 35MM F/1.8G ?

I'm currently using an entry-level DSLR with 18-55mm lens and having great trouble trying to creating a blurred background effect in my photos. Now matter what aperture or shutter speed I choose, I'm not able to get it.  There's a general question about , but what specific things can I do to get this effect with an entry-level lens?


I have my work webmail that only offers IMAP access, no forwarding. I want to fetch it using Gmail, which, I already know, doesn't support fetching mail from IMAP accounts. Only POP3.  I've read other questions here with no useful responses, or proposed solutions that involve having a server working in a computer of my own, but I want to find an entirely internet-based solution.  I found that Outlook.com has both "imap importing" and POP3 access, and successfully imported the old mail from my work account to Gmail using Outlook as intermediary, but in Outlook, the IMAP fetching seems to be a one-time-only import thing, i.e., it doesn't automatically fetch more mails as they arrive.  So do you know of another way to get the e-mails from my IMAP-only work webmail into Gmail as they arrive?

Is it possible to read an IMAP email address via my Gmail account?   According to  they only seem to support reading of POP3, but I find that a bit weird?


Is there any Python API available which supports creating a folder appended with increment number or unique character if the folder already exists?  e.g., In my directory BAR folder already exists. If I try to create a folder "BAR" it should create BAR1.

What is the most elegant way to check if the directory a file is going to be written to exists, and if not, create the directory using Python? Here is what I tried:  import os  file_path = "/my/directory/filename.txt" directory = os.path.dirname(file_path)  try:     os.stat(directory) except:     os.mkdir(directory)         f = file(filename)   Somehow, I missed os.path.exists (thanks kanja, Blair, and Douglas). This is what I have now:  def ensure_dir(file_path):     directory = os.path.dirname(file_path)     if not os.path.exists(directory):         os.makedirs(directory)   Is there a flag for "open", that makes this happen automatically?


I use Ubuntu 14.04 and have a simple script:  OUTPUT=$(zenity --forms\  --title="new"\  --text="Add new"\  --separator="," \     --add-entry="path"\  ) accepted=$? if ((accepted != 0)); then     echo "process is cancelled!"     exit 1 fi  echo "$OUTPUT"   When I run it normally and press cancel button, there is no problem. But when I run that as sudo I get this error:  /path/to/test.sh: 8: /path/to/test.sh: accepted: not found   Although I could solve problem like this:  if ! OUTPUT=$(zenity --forms\  --title="new"\  --text="Add new"\  --separator="," \     --add-entry="path"\  ); then echo "Cancelled" fi  echo "$OUTPUT"   But I want to know what does cause that problem?

I had a script which was running fine but when I ran it today, it says declare: not found. I am using bash shell and path at the starting of the script is correct.  Two flagged lines in my script are as follows:  declare -a RESPONSE RESPONSE=($RESULT)   It also says ( is unexpected but I guess that is coming up because of the first error. Worth mentioning point is when I type in declare directly works fine.  declare | grep USER shows  USER=ashfame USERNAME=ashfame            values="$SVN_BASH_USERNAME";   So, whats wrong here?


I am trying to write a mathematical equation for a seasonal ARIMA model of ARIMA (0,0,1)(0,1,1) where the values are recorded quarterly.  I have tried to follow other examples but i cant seem to get my head around these specific examples and cant apply them to my model.  Any help would be greatly appreciated

I would appreciate if someone could help me write the mathematical equation for the seasonal ARIMA (0,2,1) x (0,0,1) period 12. I'm a little confused with how to go about this. I would prefer an equation involving $Y_{t}$ , $e_{t}$, $\theta$ and $\Theta$.   I really don't want an equation involving the backshift operator.


Follow up to my previous Workflow thread that now works.  When the workflow 'updates the item in current item' and pastes the url correctly (long, complete url) I would like to have the 'description' showing up and not the  long URL, by description I mean the below. the field it is inserting is Encoded Absolute URL

I've been doing a LOT of research to try to figure out how to do this, but nothing is working. I have a column named "Update Item" that I want to be a link to start a workflow. I have workflow setup that will populate that field. The first step sets a workflow variable to   "https://www.mysite.org/site/_layouts/IniWrkflIP.aspx?List={f5c87ae4-1796-4310-aeb0-1e57edef6f87}&[%Current Item:ID%]&TemplateID={5773b102-16f1-4d45-9767-cb26db3bd72c}&Source=https://www.mysite.org/site/"    without the quotations. The second step updates the current item's "Update Item" field to the value of the workflow variable. When running the workflow, it errors out saying "The workflow could not update the item, possibly because one or more columns for the item require a different type of information." The only thing I can think is that since the variable is set as a string, the hyperlink column can't be updated to that value.   I've tried replacing   [%Current Item:ID%] with {ItemID} per the suggestion of another site.    The workflow didn't fail, but the URL did not render correctly. Please help.


Sometimes I need to quote some larger blocks of code. Pasting that from an IDE, I have to add four spaces at the beginning of every line to get the text formatted as code.  That is a little bit annoying, if I have to add those foure spaces for a larger amount of lines of code.  Is there an easyier way to format blocks of text as code. (Except for using pastebin and linking it ;))  Thanks in advance

How do I post text so that it is formatted as code?  What do I need to do so that my code shows up properly — not escaped or removed — when posted? And how to get the correct syntax highlighting?     For more information, see "" in the .


I encountered a huge problem, I submited my paper in a . I sent them several times about the result of reviewing process. The email answer was:     Dear Author   Please clarify what exactly is your problem regarding your paper.   We are at your service and ready to assist.        Regards    Ciencia e Tecnica Vitivinicola Journal Editorial      They told me also if I have submitted successfully I will get the review answer at most after 2 weeks, but I have the proof of a successful submitted paper. Now what should I do? I want to resubmit it in another journal, I have an examination in the summer and I need a published paper in my resume.

Call it stupidity or bad luck but I am guilty of submitting my research article to a journal which is listed in .  It is my first article and I don't have much experience publishing articles. I was searching for a top impact factor journal and found this one on Google and in excitement sent my article (word and pdf files) in this journal a few days ago, only to discover later that this might be a bogus journal.  Now I am worried about that what will happen to my article. What if they plagiarize my paper, or send it to another journal not giving me credit?   My question is that what should I do now? Should I send my article to a reputable journal now? What should be the process? What if it is flagged for fraud by that journal? What are my options?  Any help would be appreciated.


Gay and straight are to sexual orientation as transgender and cisgender are to ______  What word would fit best in the blank here? Some options that don’t quite seem to fit:  Gender orientation: Doesn't seem to have widespread adoption or a well-defined meaning. Gender identity: It would seem more appropriate to say something like “my gender identity is female” rather than “my gender identity is cisgender”. The categories don’t align. Gender expression: This refers only to the outwardly visible aspects of gender, not to how a person actually identifies.

Gender is the name of the category that contains the words male, female, and others. The words trans and cis are not genders, rather they describe the state of one's gender: i.e. trans refers to one whose gender has changed from that which they were assigned at birth, while cis refers to one whose gender has not changed.  Is there a word that describes the category of words that includes trans and cis? In other words, similarly to how one could say "My gender is female", is there a word that fills the blank in "My ____ is cis?"


I have a list of dictionaries and want each item to be sorted by a specific value. Take into consideration the list: [{'name':'Homer', 'age':39}, {'name':'Bart', 'age':10}]  When sorted by name, it should become: [{'name':'Bart', 'age':10}, {'name':'Homer', 'age':39}]

I have a dictionary of values read from two fields in a database: a string field and a numeric field. The string field is unique, so that is the key of the dictionary.  I can sort on the keys, but how can I sort based on the values?  Note: I have read Stack Overflow question here  and probably could change my code to have a list of dictionaries, but since I do not really need a list of dictionaries I wanted to know if there is a simpler solution to sort either in ascending or descending order.


Show that   $$\int_{0}^{\pi}\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{5}-2\cos{x}}dx=\dfrac{\pi^3}{15}+2\pi\ln^2{\left(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\right)}$$    demonstrates how contour integration can be used to solve the above integral, but I'm interested in finding alternative methods.  I believe one might utilize the  in some way. My attempt: I tried to rely on the identity $$2\cos{x}=e^{ix}+e^{-ix}.$$  Can someone think of a solution to this integral which doesn't involve the residue theorem?  Thank you

Show that $$\int\limits_0^\pi{\frac{{{x^2}}}{{\sqrt 5-2\cos x}}}\operatorname d\!x =\frac{{{\pi^3}}}{{15}}+2\pi \ln^2 \left({\frac{{1+\sqrt 5 }}{2}}\right).$$   I don't have any idea how to start, but .


I can't find the "GNOME Tweaks" app/tool using Ubuntu 20.04 Software app. I can't install GNOME Tweaks using terminal Any help is greatly appreciated.

How do I get to the Universe Repository in supported versions of Ubuntu?


I have simple database table with two fields "Title" and "URL".  Can we pull the values from database table programmatically and populate the above form with "Title" and "URL" and finally submit (save) it programmatically.

How to create a node by programatically submitting the existing node add form, and most importantly using it's validation process instead of re-implementing all of the property/field validation logic so we piggyback off of the existing code.


I tried blender on my laptop, the top of the window seem to be cut, and i can't see every tool especially taskbar which's supposed to be there. That's not such a big problem but the real problem is that the cursor is copletly off when i try to click on something the cursor actually goes way higher than what i was aiming for.  The white cross is actually where my cursor is supposed to be and you can see the taskbar is missing up there

I have a problem with Blenders UI. The "Info" bar on top disappeared and the mouse pointer is misaligned. I reinstalled Blender 2 times, deleted every leftover files  but it still does the same thing. This is in v2.78c. The weird thing is that on the bottom everything works fine. Here are some images:


I have been wondering about the formalism of what 'exactly' a variable is, and its role in proofs in mathematics. I have seen a few questions here, such as this one: . However, I have not fully absorbed the responses to those questions, and I believe this question regards somewhat different notions.  Wikipedia defines a variable as "In mathematics, a variable is a symbol used to represent an arbitrary element of a set". There was a great question (and answers') about the role of arbitrary elements in sets, , and it seems to me that per the definition of a variable, it is exactly a symbol to represent some 'arbitrary' element.   My motivation for this question (and my confusion) comes from the role of using arbitrary elements in proofs. I understand that something of the form $P(x)$ is not a statement, it is an open sentence. However, something of the form $P(2)$ is a statement, since we know exactly the mathematical object we are dealing with. For example the statement,  $\forall x \in X. P(x)$ means we have a collection of precise statements $$P(x_1) \land P(x_2) \land P(x_3)....$$  Where now the symbols $x_1, x_2, x_3, ...$ represent a precise and distinct mathematical object, for example the numbers $1,2,3,...$ if the set that we quantify over is $\mathbb{N}$.   The trouble in my mind however is we sometimes have proofs of the form, "Let $x$ be some element in $S$. Then... [reasoning about $x$] $\implies$ [some conclusion]. In this case, we are reasoning about $x$ as we would a particular mathematical object $x_1$, but I don't quite understand how we would do this?   To expand on my doubt: What I am confused by is that for a mathematical object (such as an integer) we have precise and formal definitions/constructions/axioms for these objects. Numbers can be defined in terms of sets, so can ordered pairs, etc. So when we reason about these objects, we are reasoning about some particular well defined 'mathematical object'. But with arbitrary elements/variables, it seems to me that we are saying "OK, this symbol refers to some object in this set, but you don't actually know which one". Since this is the case, how could we construct a definition of such an object, that wouldn't itself need to be expressly defined in terms of ALL the objects it could possibly be? And if indeed it is the case that we cannot, then how can we reason about this 'thing' as if it were a precisely defined mathematical object?   Or does this mean there is some definable set for example, which contains an element $x$ that is an 'arbitrary element' of $\mathbb{Z}$?  My apologies if this question is not a good fit for this stack exchange, I am not sure if this is more related to the philosophy of mathematics, but I have seen a few similar questions on the topic so I thought I would post it here.  EDIT: I had a look at the other question, and I do not believe mine is a duplicate (and I don't think the answers clarified my doubts, though I have perhaps not explained myself properly).  For example in document which the accepted answer quotes of, it says two interesting points: "Roughly speaking, a variable is a symbol for which one substitutes names for some objects, usually a number in algebra. A variable is always associated with a set of objects whose names can be substi- tuted for it. These objects are called values of the variable. (p. 70)" and on another page "There is a subtle quandary here. We want students to have the referents (usually real numbers) for variables in mind as they use the variables. But we also want students to be able to operate on the variables without always having to go to the level of the referent."  However, my doubt is not on what we are doing, or even why we are doing it, but on how we can manipulate this symbol as if it were a referent (as that document puts it). It seems to me a symbol that can be substituted for any elements in a set is different from being an element of said set, so why do we perform the same operations, and use the same logic, on both?

I've never thought of this issue until recently when I've been using Haskell to build a substantial project. In Haskell (and functional programming languages in general), most so-called "variables" are actually mathematical variables, which seem to be immutable by definition.  This made me quite confused. "Variables" in imperative programming languages make perfect sense because they indeed are mutated often. However, such a denomination seems very weird when the thing it represents is actually invariable.  Since the word "variable" originated from mathematics and has been in use for several decades, I'm curious how such an apparent self-contradiction came into existence in the beginning. Did people have a different idea in mind when they first invented the word, and it evolved over time to its current meaning? Was immutability not an important concern at that time such that it was overlooked? Or did I just get it wrong and "variables" in mathematics are actually not totally immutable after all?


I'm looking for how to set auto-login on Ubuntu Server 14.10 from console.  All information I find out there is for 14.04, and configuration files seem to have changed a lot.

I am working on creating a real time kernel with RT-PREEMPT patch. I have created this kernel without graphic desktop. It comes up in the terminal mode with login prompt. The requirement is, it should boot and directly go to the shell prompt with root permission, without asking for login. How can this be done? Can you help me?


I'm a Cameroonian by nationality, presently in Turkey. I want to travel to the Philippines and I don't need a visa because we are allowed visa free entry. Will I be allowed to transit in Germany?

I found many related questions on this site but I am still not sure about the rules. How can I decide if I need a visa to transit? Schengen members as of May 2021 are as follows:  Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark (excluding Greenland and the Faroe Islands - but an open border with the Schengen Area is maintained) Estonia Finland France (excluding overseas departments and collectivities) Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands (excluding Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Caribbean Netherlands) Norway (excluding Svalbard) Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain (except Ceuta and Melilla) Sweden Switzerland


I'm having a problem to add a directory to the PATH environment variable in Windows XP via command line. I've no issue doing this via GUI. I just want to do it in CLI. I know this OS is EOL, but this for testing purposes only. Default PATH C:\>path PATH=C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem  C:\>  An attempt to set it via CLI C:\>set PATH=%PATH%; C:\Program Files\7-Zip\  C:\>  Looks fine, it's there. C:\>path PATH=C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem; C:\Program Files\7-Zip\  C:\>  However, it didn't really work as expected. 7z program is located in C:\Program Files\7-Zip\ directory. C:\>7z '7z' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file.  C:\>   C:\>cd "c:\Program Files\7-Zip"  C:\Program Files\7-Zip>7z  7-Zip [32] 16.04 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-10-04

Questions about    setting environment variables the PATH   are very common here, and in most cases the answers are very similar to each other. In the future it would be nice to have a good Q/A for this.  So the question is: What are environment variables, like the executable PATH, and how can I change and use them on major operating systems?  A good answer would include a simple explanation of what environment variables and especially PATH mean to the OS, as well as simple guidelines on how to set and read them accordingly.


In a parameter expansion:   Is it always better (or not worse) to double quote a parameter expansion than not? Are there cases where double quoting is not suggested? When is it necessary to add braces around parameter name? when shall we use double quote around parameter expansion instead of braces around parameter name? When the other way around? When does either of the two work?   Thanks.

I can write  VAR=$VAR1 VAR=${VAR1} VAR="$VAR1" VAR="${VAR1}"   the end result to me all seems about the same. Why should I write one or the other? are any of these not portable/POSIX?


Let $p$ be a prime number for which also $p^2+2$ is a prime. Show that then $p^3+2$ is also a prime.  Computing few first primes I got: $p=2$: $2^2+2=6$ (not satisfying the condition) $p=3$: $3^2+2=11$ (satisfying the condition) $p=5$: $5^2+2=27$ (not satisfying the condition) $p=7$: $7^2+2=51$ (not satisfying the condition) so I would have a reason to believe that only the case $p=3$ will satisfy this condition, but how would I go about showing this rigorously?

I'm trying to figure out how to prove that if $p$ and $p^2+2$ are prime numbers then $p^3+2$ is a prime number too. Can someone help me please?


Input text: test   Online MD5 hashsum generator: 098f6bcd4621d373cade4e832627b4f6 echo "test" | md5sum: d8e8fca2dc0f896fd7cb4cb0031ba249   Also the same happens to sha512sum and sha1sum.  Why does Linux and an online generator generate different hashes?

I want to find the md5 hash of the string "a", but running echo "a" | md5sum gives me another hash than what I get if I search the internet (for example using  or ).  Running echo "a" | md5sum gives me "60b725f10c9c85c70d97880dfe8191b3", but it should be "0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661".  If I make a reverse hash lookup for "60b725f10c9c85c70d97880dfe8191b3", I do however get "a".


there is a Scrypt cipher which is used for exmaple by some cryptos like LItecoin for their mining algorithm.  I never heared of scrypt. I know eg SHA256 which is well analyzed and considered as secure until now.  1) ANy known crypatanalysis for scrypt / vulnerabilities?  2) is scrypt considered in the community as a secure (comparable to sha256) cipher?  3) How collision-resistant is it?  4) Is it easily breakable by quantum computing attacks?  Thanks

There is a scrypt cipher that is used for example by some cryptos like LItecoin for their mining algorithm.   I never heard of scrypt. I know eg SHA-256 which is well analyzed and considered as secure until now.     Any known cryptanalysis for scrypt / vulnerabilities? is scrypt considered in the community as a secure (comparable to sha256) cipher? How collision-resistant is it? Is it easily breakable by quantum computing attacks?


I want to ask a question politely to the client. What is the best way to say it?     Could you please let me know when you want to go to a bus station?   Do you think it is a correct way to say it?

I heard using 'could' is for politeness. When I request something, should I say "Can you please" or "Could you please"? Does the latter sound over-polite and pretentious?


I know that physicist do accept that fact as "an assumption", or "as a fact" due to "proofs" (or missing unroof).  But are electrons really to be considered as elementary particles?

What paper(s) or theory(s) describe or prove that the elementary particles that we have determined today cannot be made up of smaller more fundamental particles?


Question  Let $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ be a continuous function such that for all open sets $U$ in $\mathbb{R}$, $f(U)$ is open. Prove that $f$ is injective.  My proof  Suppose $f$ is not injective. Then there exists $x, y\in \mathbb{R}$ such that $f(x) = f(y)$ but $x\neq y$. WLOG assume $x<y$. Then $d_{\mathbb{R}}(x,y) = |x-y|>0$. So $(x,y)$ is open and non-empty. Let this open set be $U$.  Suppose that, for all $z\in U$, $f(z) = f(x) = f(y)$. Then $f(U)$ is a singleton set, not open, a contradiction.  So suppose that there exists at least one $z\in U$ such that, WLOG, $f(z)>f(x)=f(y)$. Since $f$ is continuous, and $[x,y]$ compact, $f([x,y])$ compact, closed, (connected?) therefore there exists $\alpha\in[x,y]$ such that $f(\alpha) = \sup f([x,y])$ (connected?). By assumption $f(\alpha)\geq f(z)>f(x)=f(y)$, so clearly $\alpha\in U$. But since $f(\alpha)$ is an upper bound of $f(U)$, for all $\epsilon>0$, $(\alpha-\epsilon, \alpha + \epsilon)$ is not a subset of $f(U)$, despite $\alpha\in U$, so $f(U)$ not open, a contradiction. Other cases are handled similarly.  My questions  Not sure if I need connectedness (as in I know intervals are connected but I can't tell if it's crucial for the proof) or completeness of $\mathbb{R}$, and whether this proof is correct.

Question:  Let $f: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ be continuous and open, that is if $A \subset \mathbb R$ is open then $f(A) \subset \mathbb R$ is open. Prove that $f$ is injective.   Attempt:  Suppose $f$ is not injective then there exit $x, y \in \mathbb R$ such that $$x < y \implies f(x) = f(y) = c$$  Take the closed inteval $[x,y] \subset \mathbb R$, as $f$ is continuous then $\displaystyle {f|_{[x,y]}}$ is continuous, by Weierstrass Theorem we have that $f$ has a maximum or a minimum point.   Let's assume $m = \max \{f(a) ; a \in [x,y]\}$. Now there is  $x' \in [x,y]$ such that $f(x') = m$. If we take the open $(x'-\delta, x'+\delta)$ centered at $x'$ and  we have  (1)  If $m = c$ then $f$ is constant on the interval $[x,y]$ and $f((x'-\delta, x'+\delta)) = \{c\}$ which is closed, thus a contradiction;   (2)  If $m \neq c$ then we would have $f((x'-\delta,  x'+\delta)) = (b, m]$, where $b$ can also be $b = \infty$. Again a contradiction.   Well, this is my least embarassing attempt. I'm not sure how to show $(2)$ $100 \%$.   I have also tried to show $f^{-1}f(A) = A$ for any $A \subset \mathbb R$, tried to work on the connected space  $\mathbb R$ by finding a contradiction using the intervals $E_{[f > c]}$ and  $E_{[f < c]}$ open when $A$ is open.   Any thoughts?  Note: I've already seen  to try something out, but the fact that $f$ is monotone on this exercise comes as a consequence.


Context  There is class 'A' which needs a lot of parameters. And there are classes B,C,D which depends D->C->B->A way. I have to set parameters for A while initializing D which would be passed on to C then to B, A. Now the problem is that the list of parameters is so big that it would be pain to pass each of it as argument in constructor. So instead I created a dictionary to pass it on by.  Question  In this case, is passing parameters with dictionary OK? If not, are there other way to solve this?

I'd like to call a function in python using a dictionary.  Here is some code:  d = dict(param='test')  def f(param):     print(param)  f(d)   This prints {'param': 'test'} but I'd like it to just print test.  I'd like it to work similarly for more parameters:  d = dict(p1=1, p2=2) def f2(p1, p2):     print(p1, p2) f2(d)   Is this possible?


In all electronic devices with the possibility of saving there are tiny magnets that can store your data by the state they are in. In general, there has to be something changed to store information and independent observer should be (theoretically) able to read all the stored information just from one state of brain.  I think keeping some signal in circuit would be really nutrition expensive (through the ion pumps that create the electro-chemical gradients).  So how does a brain store the information?

Background I am a computer programmer who is fascinated by artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks, and I am becoming more curious about how biological neural networks work. Context & what I think I understand In digesting all I have been reading, I am beginning to understand that there are layers to neural networks.  A front-line layer of neurons may receive, for example, a visual stimulus such as a bright light.  That stimulus is taken in by the front-line neurons, each of which produce a weighted electro-chemical response that results in a binary decision to pass an electrical charge through its axon to the dendrites of the tens of thousands of neurons to which it is connected. This process repeats through layers channeling the electrical signals and focusing them based on their permutations until ultimately a charge is passed to a focused response mechanism such as the nerves that control shrinking of the pupils. Hopefully I got that correct. Preamble to the question ;) Assuming that I am not completely off-base with my basic understanding of how a biological neural network operates, I am beginning to grasp how an input (stimulus) results in an output (response) such as motor movement or reflexes.  That would just seem to be basic electricity of open and closed circuits. HOWEVER, what confuzzles me still is how a memory is stored.  The analogy to an electrical circuit breaks down here, for in a circuit I can't really stop the flow of electrons unless I dam up said electrons in a capacitor.  If I do that, once the electrons are released (accessed), they are gone forever whereas a memory endures. So. . . How the heck are memories constructed and stored in the human brain?  Are they stored in a specific region?  If so, where?


How does the 6 tile range zone looks like? Does that mean 6 hex "steps" away from the district, or any city center within the six "rings" of the district?

Some districts (e.g. Factories, Zoos) and the Colosseum wonder have an effect that is stated to extend to cities within a range of 6 tiles.  Will this distance be calculated from the district itself or from its city center?  example: city A is 5 tiles away from city B - does A always get all ranged effects from B's districts?  Or could districts on the far side of B fail to influence A?  Conversely, could a district on the near side of city C (itself 7+ tiles from A) influence A?


My paper has been put on the arXiv very recently (approx. a week ago) and to the journal, and currently is under refereeing process.   I would like to ask how long it takes for Google Scholar to recognise the paper and associate it to my account. The paper does not even appear yet on Google scholar.

The title pretty much says it all - what's the typical delay with which Google Scholar indexes newly published articles? (Note I'm not talking about citations, but about the article showing up at all.)  Edit: the article in question went for over six months after being published (in a well-regarded Springer journal with its own Wikipedia page) without appearing on Google Scholar, until it received a citation, at which point it was added to Google Scholar almost immediately. One more motivation to write papers that get cited. :)  Edit 2: Another article in an even more mainstream journal took a little over seven weeks.


I had a file   run.php  the code is as followed  <?php  $shell_cmd = '/usr/bin/aria2c --on-bt-download-complete ./hook.sh "http://sometorrent.com/file.torrent"';  shell_exec($shell_cmd .' 2>&1 > out.log');  echo $shell_cmd; ?>   I tried run this script via website which is   http://mywebsite.com/run.php   My browser continue loading buffering sort of, until the torrent finish, how do i run in background so it execute right away in background.

I've got a PHP script that needs to invoke a shell script but doesn't care at all about the output. The shell script makes a number of SOAP calls and is slow to complete, so I don't want to slow down the PHP request while it waits for a reply. In fact, the PHP request should be able to exit without terminating the shell process.  I've looked into the various exec(), shell_exec(), pcntl_fork(), etc. functions, but none of them seem to offer exactly what I want. (Or, if they do, it's not clear to me how.) Any suggestions?


I am revisiting Euler's criterion, so I bumped into the following statement which I don't know how to prove. Let $p$ be some prime number and $a \in \mathbb{Z}$. How to prove that for every $x \in \{1, 2, ..., p - 1\}$ there exist exactly one $y \in \{1, 2,  ..., p - 1\}$  such that $xy \equiv a \pmod p$? (Of course, "exatcly one" in terms of modulo $p$.) How to generalise this when $p$ is not a prime number?

Isn't finding the inverse of $a$, that is, $a'$ in $aa'\equiv1\pmod{m}$ equivalent to solving the diophantine equation $aa'-mb=1$, where the unknowns are $a'$ and $b$? I have seem some answers on this site (where the extended Euclidean Algorithm is mentioned mainly) as well as looked up some books but there is no mention of this. Am I going wrong somewhere or is this a correct method of finding modular inverses? Also can't we find the Bézout's coefficients by solving the corresponding diophantine equation instead of using the extended Euclidean Algorithm?


Let $f:[0,\infty) \to [0,\infty)$ be a continuous function such that $\int_0^{\infty} f(x) dx$ is convergent ; is $\{f(n)\}$  bounded  ?  I know that if $f$ is uniformly continuous then $\{f(n)\}$ converges to $0$ , but I don't know what happens under assumption of continuity of $f$ only . Please help . Thanks in advance

I'm trying to prove  the following claim:     If $f$ is continuous  and $\displaystyle\int_a^\infty |f(x)|\;dx$ is finite then $\lim\limits_{ x \to \infty } f(x)=0$.   Here the counter example of all these sine functions won't do, since  their infinite integral does not converge absolutely.   Any hints for a proof?


What kind of action is it to stop concentrating on a spell?  Our party's initiative order is like this:   20 - Bard  19 - Bad guy  18 - Bad guy  17 - Bad guy 16 - Bad guy 15 - Nobody 14 - Ally 13 - Ally 12 - Ally   Can my bard cast  such that the bad guys cannot take violent actions on their turns, and then stop concentrating as a free action at initiative position 15 so that my allies can act fully?

There are many spells that have a duration of "concentration", sometimes with a max duration. I understand concentration checks and interruptions, but I can't find specific rules on maintaining a concentration based spell.  For example (because I happen to be looking at it) :     Duration: concentration, up to 1 round/level (D)   Some specific questions I have:   What action am I allowed while I am concentrating? Can I move? Attack? Cast another spell? Can I decide to stop concentrating at any time? Do the effects end immediately on me ending my concentration (either through interruptions or voluntarily)?


I have recently installed Ubuntu 18 and after correcting my wifi problem, I still have one. Every time I open my laptop my wifi signal is weak. I always have to type below command to strengthen the signal.   sudo modprobe -r rtl8723de && sleep 5 && sudo modprobe rtl8723de ant_sel=2   I want to make this setting permanent. How can I do that?

My Wi-Fi connection seems to be very weak and the range is very low. It drops by two bars if I just move to the next room and by two if just step outside.  The speed is also not fast as compared to what I get from the router on my desktop .  My laptop is a HP laptop with RTL8723de module. Can anyone help me in bumping up my Wi-Fi speed?  Result of lspci -nnk | grep 0280 -A3:  03:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. Device [10ec:d723] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device [103c:8319] Kernel driver in use: rtl8723de Kernel modules: rtl8723de


I need that $("#pedido_x").change(function(event) works on each dynamic row is created. Any idea?  I tried a few things but nothing works.  window.precio; window.precio_final; window.cantidad; var i = 1;  $(".mas").click(function(){     i = ++i;     var select_marca = '<OPTION value="">- SELECCIONAR -</OPTION><?php $queryma = mysqli_query($conex, "SELECT * FROM marcas ORDER BY nombre ASC"); while ($ma = mysqli_fetch_assoc($queryma)) { echo '<option value='.$ma["id"].'>'; echo $ma["nombre"]; } ?></SELECT>';      var row = "
<SELECT id='marca_"+ i +"' name='marca["+ i +"]'> "+ select_marca + "	<input type='text' id='producto_"+ i +"' name='producto["+ i +"]'>	<input type='number' id='cantidad_"+ i +"' name='cantidad["+ i +"]'>	<input type='number' id='precio_"+ i +"' name='precio["+ i +"]' value='0'>
";     $("table tbody").append(row); });   $("#pedido_1").change(function(event){     window.f = 1     while (f <= i)     {            var marca = $("#marca_"+ f).find(':selected').val();         var producto = $("#producto_"+ f).find(':selected').val();         window.cantidad = $("#cantidad_"+ f).val();          if(producto == null)         {             producto = 'Ninguno';         }         $("#producto_"+f).load('sel_marca.php?marca='+ marca +'&producto='+ producto +'&fila=' + window.f);         if(producto != 'Ninguno')         {             $.get('sel_precio.php?f='+ f +'&producto='+ producto, function(data) {                 window.precio = data;             });           }         window.precio_final = window.cantidad * window.precio;         $("#precio_"+f).val(window.precio_final);         producto = $('#producto_'+ f).find(':selected').val();         f++     }  });  });

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


Any ideas on how to include a single letter "G" to look like this one into my paper? What kind of font would it be? I am including it in my paragraphs and math-mode.

I know what my symbol or character looks like, but I don't know what the command is or which math alphabet it came from. How do I go about finding this out?


I'm trying to install Ubuntu. My system have pre-installed Windows 8. I made USB bootable and then I booted into Ubuntu from there and I am in TRY Ubuntu mode now, I am having a problem in installing Ubuntu. When I attempt install Ubuntu then it says:     No root file system is defined.  Correct this from the   partitioning menu.

I would like to see a full how-to guide on how to install Ubuntu.


I'm using Latex and the verbments package to display some python 3 code (with syntax highlighting) inside a document, but I have a problem with UTF-8. I'm using the verbments package  \begin{pyglist}[language=python, encoding=utf8] print(``Mañana será otro día'') \end{pyglist}   I use pdflatex -shell-escape  DocMaestro.tex to produce a pdf file, but nothing happens.  I see in the console log this error:  Error while highlighting: UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0xf1 in position 10: invalid continuation byte    (file "/usr/lib/python3.3/site-packages/pygments/lexer.py", line 164, in get_tokens)  (./DocMaestro.pyg.sty) (./DocMaestro.pyg.vrb)) [62]  I've also noticed that when i run latex another file called DocMaestro.pyg.lst is created this file contains the following information:  print(``Mañana será otro día'')  but is encoded in ISO-8859-15 instead of UTF-8 as all my other files.

I'm writing a book using Latex in what I want to write code in Python. My operating system is Linux and my editor is Kile with:  \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage{verbments}   But I can not see the characters in Spanish  \begin{pyglist}[language = python, encoding = utf8]     print ('Tomorrow is another day') \end{pyglist}   I perform the compilation with the command  pdflatex -shell-escape -interaction = nonstopmode   but I get the following error.  *** Error while highlighting: UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can not decode byte 0xf1 in position 9: invalid continuation byte     (file "/usr/lib/python3.3/site-packages/pygments/lexer.py", line 164, in get_tokens)   I also have observed that verbments generates a file called name.pyg.sty that curiously is codified in ISO-8859-15 instead of UTF-8 as all my other files.


I have what I understand to be a reasonably common problem-- Apache is downloading PHP files instead of executing them.  I've used the solutions on other threads as best as I was able and learned the following:    The PHP file itself is fine and runs perfectly on other machines The error occurs in both Chromium and Firefox, browser cache has been cleared Happens both inside and outside of /var/www/ PHP5 is installed, up to date, is loaded into Apache, and has executing permissions Apache server has been restarted after each potential solution PHP5 config files enables PHP in user directories I am able to use HTML files on localhost just fine, it's only PHP   The only solution I might have implemented incorrectly is the config files-- any answers regarding the configurations have pointed me to httpd.conf, while newer version of Apache seem to have multiple config files, so the specifics on which files to put Addtype commands in would be helpful.  It's also happening on another machine with Ubuntu, Apache, and PHP freshly installed, nothing else on it, so it seems unlikely that it would be anything in my machine specifically.  Version information on my machine: PHP 5.5.9-1ubuntu4.14 (cli), Server version: Apache/2.4.7 (Ubuntu), Ubuntu 14.04.3 LTS Release 14.04  Edit: Question is not a duplicate, and I have taken a look at other answers here-- as mentioned, I have tried Addtype alterations but am not quite sure where to put them due to httpd.conf being split into multiple configuration files. /etc/sysconfig/apache2 is not a valid path for me, and if that enables PHP5, PHP5 is already enabled anyway.

I have a phpinfo.php file which I am trying to run by browsing to it using browser but the browser downloads the file instead of executing it.  phpinfo.php  <?php    phpinfo(); ?>   I followed following  post, added following lines to my /etc/apache2/httpd.conf and restarted apache but invain. phpinfo.php still gets downloaded.     AddType application/x-httpd-php .php> .phtml   AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps   Have I added these line to the correct file?  On an openSuSE forum following was mentioned. I followed this too but still no success. Same problem is persisting.     In case the browser wants to save your   php files instead of displaying the   content, you should enable php support   in the /etc/apache2/mod_userdir.conf   file. Add the following line to it,   just after the  line and restart   the server.      Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/php5.conf


Let $Ω ⊂ \mathbb{R}^n$ be a bounded domain with smooth boundary $∂Ω$, and denote by $\vec{n}$ the outer unit normal to $∂Ω$. Prove that the nonhomogeneous Neumann problem  $$ \begin{cases}       ∆u = f & \text{ in }Ω \\       \langle∇u ,\vec{n}\rangle = 0 & \text{ on }∂Ω \\ \end{cases} $$  has a solution only if $\int_Ωf = 0$.  How would I go about doing this? Can anyone help to me understand where to start better?

Let $U$ be connected. A function $u \in H^1(U)$ is a weak solution   of Neumann's problem   \begin{equation} (*)\qquad\left\{ \begin{array}{rl} -\Delta = f & \text{in } U \\ \frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu} = 0 & \text{on } \partial U \end{array} \right. \end{equation}   if   $$ \int_U Du \cdot Dv \; dx = \int_Ufv \; dx $$   for all $v \in H^1(U)$. Let $f\in L^2(U)$. Prove $(*)$ has a weak solution   if and only if   $$ \int_U f \; dx =0. $$   For the only if part I set $v=1$. However I do not see where to start the if part. I was thinking of the Lax-Milgram theorem. That's where I'm now.


DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");//if you want over four decimal places then do->"0.0000" in brackets  TextView lattextview=findViewById(R.id.lattextview); TextView lontextview=findViewById(R.id.longtextview); TextView alttextview=findViewById(R.id.alttextview); TextView accuracytextview=findViewById(R.id.accuracytextview); TextView addresstextview=findViewById(R.id.addresstextview);  String s1 = df.format(location.getLatitude()); String s2 = df.format(location.getLongitude()); String s3 = df.format(location.getAltitude()); String s4 = df.format(location.getAccuracy()); lattextview.setText("Latitude : "+s1); lontextview.setText("Longitude : "+s2); alttextview.setText("Altitude : "+s3); accuracytextview.setText("Accuracy : "+s4);

What I would like is a method to convert a double to a string which rounds using the half-up method - i.e. if the decimal to be rounded is 5, it always rounds up to the next number. This is the standard method of rounding most people expect in most situations.  I also would like only significant digits to be displayed - i.e. there should not be any trailing zeroes.  I know one method of doing this is to use the String.format method:  String.format("%.5g%n", 0.912385);   returns:  0.91239   which is great, however it always displays numbers with 5 decimal places even if they are not significant:   String.format("%.5g%n", 0.912300);   returns:  0.91230   Another method is to use the DecimalFormatter:  DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#.#####"); df.format(0.912385);   returns:  0.91238   However as you can see this uses half-even rounding. That is it will round down if the previous digit is even. What I'd like is this:  0.912385 -> 0.91239 0.912300 -> 0.9123   What is the best way to achieve this in Java?


There is given a countable set $A\subset \Bbb{R}.$ Prove that there exists an $x\in R$ that $(x+A)\cap A=\emptyset$, where  $x+A=\{x+a: a\in A\}$.

I finished my test and there is a question I completely failed but that my teacher did not go over, so I was hoping someone could post a correction of it, so that I understand what I was supposed to do for next time.  Suppose that A is a countable set of real numbers. Show that there exists a real number a such that $(a+A)\cap A=\varnothing$. (Note: By definition, $a+A= \{a+r\mid r\in A\}$.)


i had a suggestion to learn PDO api instead of mysqli.  So i wrote php segment for login page the way i understood the guides i looked up. Wanted to know if my code and understanding is correct and the app is secure from sql injections.  Also i was reading about using salt when hashing passwords. So in this example i just append my date of birth to users password, then hash it with sha512 and store it. I know that my date of birth is not the best choice since it can be social engineered etc, but is the general principle right?  Heres is the code.  connect.php creates database connection as $con and set default fetch atribute as OBJ.         include "assets/php/connect.php";       if((isset($_POST["username"]))&&(isset($_POST["password"]))){          $cName = $_POST["username"];          $hashLink = $_POST["password"]. "19920423";          $cPass = hash('sha512', $hashLink);          $sql = "SELECT id,username,password FROM users WHERE username = ?";          $stmt = $con->prepare($sql);          $stmt->execute([$_POST['username']]);          $logs = $stmt->fetchAll();          foreach($logs as $log){            if(($cName == $log->username)&&($cPass == $log->password)){              $_SESSION["username"]=$_POST["username"];              header("Location: home.php");            }          }          echo "
Wrong credentials
";     }

It is currently said that MD5 is partially unsafe. Taking this into consideration, I'd like to know which mechanism to use for password protection.  This question,   suggests that hashing multiple times may be a good idea, whereas  suggests using salt.  I'm using PHP. I want a safe and fast password encryption system. Hashing a password a million times may be safer, but also slower. How to achieve a good balance between speed and safety? Also, I'd prefer the result to have a constant number of characters.   The hashing mechanism must be available in PHP It must be safe It can use salt (in this case, are all salts equally good? Is there any way to generate good salts?)   Also, should I store two fields in the database (one using MD5 and another one using SHA, for example)? Would it make it safer or unsafer?  In case I wasn't clear enough, I want to know which hashing function(s) to use and how to pick a good salt in order to have a safe and fast password protection mechanism.  Related questions that don't quite cover my question:


Two sides of a triangle are 6 m and 8 m in length and the angle between them is increasing at a rate of $0.06$ rad/s. Find the rate at which the area of the triangle is increasing when the angle between the sides of fixed length is $\large\frac {\pi}{3}$ rad.

The question:     ABC is a triangle in which the lines $\overline {AB} = 20cm$, $\overline {AC} = 32cm$ and $\angle BAC = \theta$. If $\theta$ is increasing at the rate of 2° per minute, determine the rate at which the triangle's area is changing when $\theta = 120°$.   Here's my attempt:  Let $t$ be time in minutes. We're given $\frac{d\theta}{dt} = 2°$, Area of triangle with two sides and included angle: $A = \frac12\overline {AB}$ $\overline {AC}$ $sin\theta$,  i.e.  $A = \frac12(20)(32)sin\theta$ $= 320sin\theta$  $\therefore \frac{dA}{dt} = \frac{dA}{d\theta}\frac{d\theta}{dt} = 320cos\theta\frac{d\theta}{dt}$  i.e. at $\theta = 120°$: $\frac{dA}{dt} = 320cos(120) * (2)$ $= -320 cm^2/min$  The textbook answer:     Decreasing at $5.59cm^2/min$     The question is exactly as above, and I've double checked the units.  Can anyone please point out where I've gone wrong, or if I haven't? Thank you!


Consider $\xi = \max(f_1 \dots f_n)$ , where $f_i$ are i.r.v. with $\operatorname{E}(f_i) \ < +\infty$ and $f_i \stackrel{d}{=} f_j$. We want to determine $\dfrac{\xi}{n} \to 0$ a.s. I thought about continuous mapping theorems for $\bar{f_i} = \dfrac{f_i}{n}$. $\bar{f}_i \to 0$ and hence $\max(\bar{f_1} \dots \bar{f_n}) \to 0$. But I guess this idea is quite incorrect. Any hints?

$\def\d{\mathrm{d}}$Given that $X_1, X_2, \cdots$ are i.i.d., prove that$$ \frac{1}{n} \max_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k| \xrightarrow{\mathrm{a.s.}} 0 \Longleftrightarrow E(|X_1|) < +\infty. $$   My try:  Because $\varliminf\limits_{n \to \infty} \dfrac{1}{n} \max\limits_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k|$ and $\varlimsup\limits_{n \to \infty} \dfrac{1}{n} \max\limits_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k|$ are both measurable with respect to the exchangeable σ-algebra of $X_1, X_2, \cdots$, they are both almost surely constants by the Hewitt-Savage 0-1 law, i.e.$$ \varliminf_{n \to \infty} \frac{1}{n} \max_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k| = c_1, \quad \text{a.s.} \tag{1}\\ \varlimsup_{n \to \infty} \frac{1}{n} \max_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k| = c_2, \quad \text{a.s.} $$ where $c_1, c_2 \in [0, +\infty]$. Also, if the distribution function of $|X_1|$ is $F(x)$, then the distribution function of $\dfrac{1}{n} \max\limits_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k|$ is$$ F_n(x) = P\left( \frac{1}{n} \max_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k| \leqslant x \right) = \prod_{k = 1}^n P(|x_k| \leqslant nx) = (F(nx))^n, $$ which implies\begin{align*} E\left( \frac{1}{n} \max_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant n} |X_k| \right) &= \int_0^{+\infty} x \,\d((F(nx))^n) = \frac{1}{n} \int_0^{+\infty} y \,\d((F(y))^n)\\ &= \frac{1}{n} \int_0^{+\infty} y·n (F(y))^{n - 1} \,\d F(y) = \int_0^{+\infty} y (F(y))^{n - 1} \,\d F(y)\\ &\leqslant \int_0^{+\infty} y \,\d F(y) = E(|X_1|). \end{align*} Also for any $c > 0$,$$ \sum_{k = 1}^\infty P(|X_1| \geqslant ck) < \infty \Longleftrightarrow E(|X_1|) < +\infty. \tag{2} $$ However, I failed to connect (1) and (2) to prove the proposition.  Any ideas are appreciated. Thanks in advance.


I want to format a new external hard drive from Ubuntu and was wondering can I later use it on my windows system to transfer files?

When I format a drive to NTFS under Windows and plug it into the Ubuntu machine it is perfectly usable, but when I format it under Ubuntu using Disks (delete all partitions and create one single partition with NTFS) it does not show up when plugged into the Windows machine. Please note that in both cases the USB drive contains only one, primary partition formatted to NTFS, for example: /dev/sdb - the actual device /dev/sdb1 - the only, primary partition I've observed this behaviour both with a solid state USB pen-drive as well as an external USB magnetic HDD. How to (re)format a USB HDD or a stick to NTFS under Ubuntu so it is usable under Windows?


I've been given an image (I'm guessing straight from a camera) and it's currently at at 240 pixels per inch. It's been a while since I did much Photoshop; I have three questions for two requirements:   Back in the day the web used 72dpi images because that's all screens worked at. Is 72dpi still the most appropriate resolution for the web? I need to use the image in a phone application. I know phone devices have higher DPIs than 72 but do you need to feed them a high-DPI image to begin with, or will a massive 72dpi image work properly?     BONUS QUESTION     How do I resize an image from 240dpi to 72dpi while maintaining detail? i.e. I don't want to go from a 240px * 240px at 240dpi to 72px * 72px at 72dpi.

I often see statements in discussions about web displayed image quality that go something like this: "I only upload pictures at 72 dpi and 1200 pixels on the long edge, so if someone copies and prints the image it won't look as good as if it were 300 dpi."  What? Have I missed something here?  Does an image edited and saved/exported with 1200x800 pixels at 300 ppi look any different online than the same image saved/exported with 1200x800 pixels at 72 ppi? Other than the metadata regarding ppi, is there any difference in the two images at all? If so, what is the difference? If I tell my printer to print the images at 4R (4X6 inches) will there be any difference at all in how the printer creates a print from the 1200x800 @ 300 dpi image versus the 1200x800 @ 72 dpi image?


My understanding is that a requirement of the spouse visa is that the British citizen needs to show at least 6 months worth of payslips to prove income above £18,600.  I am a US citizen currently living in the US, while my British husband is living in the UK. He does make the minimum £18.6k but right now he cannot show 6 months consecutive payslips, as he was just recently visiting me in the US for 3 months. So since he's been back in the UK, he has only 2 months in a row to show and he will will not make it to 6 months since he needs to come back to the US for the birth of our first child. At that point, he will have worked for 5 months so he'll just miss it and will need to start over from 0 once he returns to the UK, so we can qualify to apply for a spouse visa for me.  My question is, am I allowed to come and stay with him (and our child) for 6 months on a visitor's visa while he is working? After the 6 months are up, I would go back to the US and apply for the spouse visa.  My concern is that immigration officials will not believe I intend on leaving the country after 6 months, especially if I have a British husband and child there and am not working myself. How can I prove that I am actually going to leave besides showing a return ticket, because I doubt that will be enough? I don't want to be denied entry into the country.  We do plan on applying for the visa, but in the meantime, we would like to be together with our firstborn while we wait to qualify for it.

I'm a British citizen and recently got married in Japan to a Japanese woman. Eventually my visa ran out and I had to return to the UK, and the plan is for her to eventually move here.  Because it will be a while before I get a job, hold it for 6 months and be allowed to apply for a Spouse Visa, and because we can't stand the wait, she is coming over to visit for a few weeks. Since she's Japanese she should be visa-exempt for stays of up to 6 months.  I have heard that, if you have already applied for a Spouse Visa, it is unwise for a spouse to come to stay before it has been granted as it could jeopardise the application.  But is there any reason she shouldn't come to visit before we have even made the application? Will an Immigration Officer refuse her entry on the assumption that she'll probably try to overstay?


On the command-line *tmp* will match all files with names containing "tmp". Is there a quick way to do the reverse, i.e. match all files with names that don't contain "tmp"? I figured out how to get ls to do it (ls -I "*tmp*"), but that doesn't help if I want to use some other command rather than ls. Is there a general method? I forgot to note: I'm using zsh.

Say I want to copy the contents of a directory excluding files and folders whose names contain the word 'Music'.  cp [exclude-matches] *Music* /target_directory   What should go in place of [exclude-matches] to accomplish this?


I am trying to assign my own GUID to a list I am creating but am having difficulties. Currently I am creating the list with the code:  site.Lists.Add(CONFIGURATION_LIST_NAME, CONFIGURATION_LIST_DESCRIPTION, SPListTemplateType.GenericList);   Which returns a GUID, but I would like to supply my own. Is there anyway to do this in SharePoint 2010?

I found  which goes over how to add a list, but it doesn't seem possible to specify a GUID if you use this method.  Is there any way to create a list and specify the GUID?  I am trying to recreate several lists on a different server and if they do not have the same GUIDs other functionality may break.


I am attempting to automatically open a PDF after recompilation using TeXnicCenter. If I compile using Ctrl + F7, I can go into the directory of the PDF and it opens fine, but if I use Ctrl + Shift + F5 to "Build and View", the PDF won't open, and I get the error message "Cannot execute the command":    I have just reinstalled my Adobe, so this shouldn't (?) be an issue. This happens with both LaTex => PDF and XeLaTeX => PDF options.   Update: Here are my DDE settings:

I already tried Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Acrobat Reader and Sumatra PDF but all doesn't work..  The first time if I use latex -> pdf output profile it works. But if something is changed I still get the same PDF. If I then delete the PDF I get in Adobe Acrobat      this file cannot be found   Settings:   Path of executable: C:\PROGRAM FILES (X86)\ADOBE\ACROBAT 10.0\ACROBAT\ACROBAT.EXE   Command line command:   "%bm.pdf"   Forward search the same.   Also tried:   DDE command: [DocOpen("%bm.pdf")][FileOpen("%bm.pdf")]   with server:    acroviewA10, topic: control   (according to )  Who can help?  UPDATE: It seems that the miketex setting: install packages on the fly was causing the problem. I changed the setting from install packages on fly from "ask me first" to "YES". Now the pdf's are produced. The pdf reader opens and closes really fast however..but I can make pdfs! (took me several hours to fix this..)..


I have an initial list, comprising 1000 lists, some empty and some not. I'm trying to disperse 2000 floats amongst those empty lists at random(empty_list45, empty_list2, ..., empty_randn), not in order (empty_list1, empty_list1, ..., empty_listn).  Here's my attempt:  #the list containing lists. folder = [[]] * 1000 for i in range(len(newOPsys_i)):     folder[newOPsys_i[i]] = (newOP[i])  #list of indices of empty lists in folder, where folder is the list comprising 1000 lists that may or may not be empty  empty = [] for i in range(len(folder)):     if not folder[i]:         empty.append(i)  #function that pulls a random index from any called list def rand(mylist): rando = random.randint(0,len(mylist)-1) return(rando)  #my attempt at appending 2000 floats to random empty lists in folder for i in range(0,2000):     x = empty[rand(empty)]     print(folder[x])     folder[x].append(match[x][random.randint(0,len(match[x])-1)]) #match is a separate list where I wish to pull the floats from, and place them into the empty lists.   My output looks something like:  [] [3.9] [3.9, 7.8] [3.9, 7.8, 54.9]   From the print, what seems to be happening instead is that in the first iteration an empty list is found then a single float is appended. On the next iteration, another empty list is randomly found, but appended to this empty list is the float from the last iteration, along with a new float. This is not what I want to happen, I just want those single random floats appended each iteration. Any insights?  Thanks in advance.

I needed to create a list of lists in Python, so I typed the following: my_list = [[1] * 4] * 3  The list looked like this: [[1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1]]    Then I changed one of the innermost values: my_list[0][0] = 5  Now my list looks like this: [[5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1]]    which is not what I wanted or expected. Can someone please explain what's going on, and how to get around it?


I know that momentum is conserved in inelastic collisions. In other words, if the kinetic energy of the system is converted to potential, the momentum is still conserved  Suppose we have the situation where a ball is rolling up a hill. The ball does not have enough energy to get to the top of the hill, and so, it rolls back down.  The initial momentum was directed towards the hill, and the final momentum is directed away from the hill. How is momentum conserved?

Is momentum conserved when an object bounces back against a wall? The wall doesn’t move, but the object moves in the opposite direction. Assume this is an ideal, elastic collision.  If, initially, the momentum of the system came from the ball, and after the collision, the momentum of the system was also from the ball, but in opposite directions, then momentum would not have been conserved?   I have a feeling this is wrong, so anybody clarify this for me?


I think this is a very recent design change, because I've not seen it before:    Where before a small box with the bounty value dislocated the title a couple of characters to the right, now the additional text saying how long until it expires dislocates the title by about a quarter of the width of the column.  I find that this makes it much harder to read the title, and is counterproductive to the goal of attracting attention.

So today I chimed in on IPS and scrolled a bit. This question caught my eye, because it had a number in it.     Something like that I haven't seen in a long time, if ever. Then I read the title and was confused at first, because it started with      ends in 4 days How do I...   This is obviously not proper English. It took me some time to realize that the text size isn't even the same, because the difference is very little in my opinion.   Also, I don't see any reason why that text is necessary in the title.    It gives no additional incentive to answer the question It seems like it's part of the question title It's already obvious that the question has a bounty The time until a bounty runs out is already visible inside a question   This update looks better or worse depending on the site style, but overall I think that it's not something that is needed and has more drawback than it adds.  So I am wondering why this text has been added in the first place and if it can be removed again? Perhaps a per-site solution is possible. I am open to discussion about it (mostly interested in what that text adds to the user experience).


When I try to play videos from the 'Gooddrama' site I get an error message:     Flash version 9,0 or greater is required, you have no flash plugin installed.   However, when I try to play YouTube videos they play without any problem. What should I do to fix this?

Even though I have the latest Adobe Flash player 11.2 for Linux in Firefox -   - a particular online flash game still requests that I update to the latest flash player.  I've tried this online game on my laptop (Windows 8 with Flash Player 11.8) and it has no problems.  Is there a way to trick Ubuntu or this game into thinking Flash Player 11.8 is "installed"?


Find all integers $x,y,z$ such that $6x+10y+15z=-1$.  I did this-  $6x+5(2y+3z)=-1$  $6(x+1)+5a=5$ ($a=2y+3z$)  One solution to above equation is $x+1=5,a=-5$.  General solution would be $x+1=5+5k,$ $a=-5-6k$ where $k$ is an integer.  Now $2y+3z=-5-6k$. I don't how to go ahead from here. Any hint?  Source- Challenges and thrills of pre-college mathematics.

Find all the integral solutions to the equation $323x+391y+437z=10473$.  I know how to find integer solutions in two variables using Diophantine Equations.  But I am stuck here because it involves 3 variables.  Can I get a hint?


Can I recover deleted files in LINUX MINT 17 Quiana. I have deleted my folder containing data with shift+delete. Now, I want my data back.

I just deleted a file in Nautilus with Shift+Delete, which warned me that "If you delete an item, it will be permanently lost." I wonder if there is no way to recover the file?  My OS is Ubuntu 10.10.


I can block a website by editing the file hosts located in C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etcWindows 8.1 and adding 127.0.0.1 example.com at the end. But  I cannot figure out that how can I block a specific site such as example.com/foo so that the site example.com can open but example.com/foo cannot open. I tried doing it but it didn't work.

I want to block certain URLs on browsers. I don't want to block whole site. For example, I want to block , but not whole  domain. Is there any way I can do it?


I need bibliogrpahy look like in first picture.   Actually, default look like in second picture.   diplom.tex  \documentclass[a4paper,14pt,russian,oneside,final]{extreport}  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}  \usepackage[T2A]{fontenc}  \usepackage[russian]{babel}  \bibliographystyle{styles/belarus-specific-utf8gost780u}  \begin{document}  ~\cite{book_1} ~\cite{book_2} ~\cite{book_3} ~\cite{book_4}  \bibliography{bibliography_database}  \end{document}   bibliography_database.bib  @BOOK{book_1,   title = {“Introducing Adaptive, Aware, and Cognitive Radios.” In Cognitive Radio, Software Defined Radio, and Adaptive Wireless Systems},   publisher = {AA Dordrecht: Springer},   year = {2007},   author = {Fette, Bruce},   pages = {1-16},   language = {russian},   owner = {mstyura},   timestamp = {2013.03.18} }  @BOOK{book_2,   title = {Implementation issues in spectrum sensing for cognitive radios Signals, Systems and Computers},   publisher = {Conference Record of the Thirty-Eighth Asilomar Conference.},   year = {2004},   author = {Cabric D. AND Misha S.M. AND Brodesen R.W.},   pages = {772–776},   language = {english},   owner = {mstyura},   timestamp = {2013.03.18} }  @BOOK{book_3,   title = {Теоретико-игровая модель распределения ресурсов в самоорганизующихся системах когнитивного радио // Сборник тезисов, материалы Пятнадцатой Всероссийской научной конференции студентов-физиков и молодых ученых (ВНКСФ-15, Кемерово – Томск)},   publisher = {издательство АСФ России},   address = {Екатеринбург – Кемерово},   year = {2009},   author = {Ошмарин Д.В.},   pages = {672–673},   language = {russian},   owner = {mstyura},   timestamp = {2013.03.18} }  @BOOK{book_4,   title = {Auction driven dynamic spectrum allocation: optimal bidding, pricing and service priorities for multi-rate, multi-class CDMA},   publisher = {IEEE 16th International Symposium},   year = {2005},   author = {Rodriguez V. AND Moessner K. AND Tafasolli R.},   pages = {1850–1854},   language = {english},   owner = {mstyura},   timestamp = {2013.03.18} }

I have some trouble with the bibliography alignment. It's similar to , but that solution doesn't work for me.   Here is MWE:  \documentclass{article}  \let\oldthebibliography=\thebibliography \let\endoldthebibliography=\endthebibliography \renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]{%   \begin{oldthebibliography}{#1}%   \setlength{\parskip}{0ex}%   \setlength{\itemsep}{0ex}%   \setlength{\itemindent}{3ex}   \setlength{\leftmargin}{0pt}% }% { \end{oldthebibliography}% }  \begin{document}  Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text.    Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text. Some text.   \begin{thebibliography}{0} \bibitem{1} Baider A. Noncompact Riemannian manifolds with discrete spectra // J.Diff.Geom. -- 1979 -- V. 14 -- p. 41--57. \bibitem{2} Berger M., Gauduchon P., Mazet E. Le spectre d'une vari\'et\'e Rieman\-nienne -- Berlin-New York: Springer-Verlag, 1971. -- 251p. -- (Lecture Notes in Math.; V.~194) \end{thebibliography} \end{document}   So I need the reference labels to be aligned with the parindent, and the rest part of the each bibliography entry should have general text width. I thought it's enough to set \leftmargin=0pt, but it didn't work. I have the following result:   And what is actually more weird - it seems any value of \leftmargin doesn't have any effect to the bibliography display. The solution from the link above works fine if we don't have biblabel, but it's not my case.  Could you help me to move lines with the red marks to the green one?


I am trying to determine all entire functions $f$ with $\Re f(z) > 0$ for all $z \in \mathbb{C}$ such that, $f(0) = 1$.   So far, my attempt is the following. Write $f = u+iv$, and define the function  $$ g(z) = \frac{f(z)}{\Re f(z)} = \frac{u(z)+iv(z)}{u(z)} = 1 + i \frac{v(z)}{u(z)}.  $$ Since $\Re f(z) > 0$ for all $z \in \mathbb{C}$, this is an entire function. We have  $$ 1 = g(0) = 1 + i \frac{v(0)}{u(0)} $$ So $v(0) = 0$. Also,  $$ |g(z)|^2 = 1 + \frac{v(z)^2}{u(z)^2}.  $$ I want to apply Liousville Theorem somehow, so I'm looking for bounds, i.e.  $$ |g(z)| \leq M|z|^m $$ for some $M$, $m \geq 0$, and for large enough $|z|$. I have no progress on this so far, I'm not sure if my attempt is in the right direction.

Greets  This is exercise 15.d chapter 3 of Stein & Shakarchi's "Complex Analysis", they hint: "Use the maximum modulus principle", but I didn't see how to do the exercise with this hint rightaway, instead I knew how to do it with the Casorati-Weiestrass Theorem, here is my answer:  Define $g(z)=f(1/z)$ for $z\neq{0}$,then by the hypothesis we must have that for any $\epsilon>0$ $g(D_{\epsilon>0}(0)-\{0\})$ is not dense in $\mathbb{C}$, then the singularity at $0$ of $g$ is not essential, this implies $f$ must be a polynomial, but if $f$ is a non-constant polynomial, it is easy to see that its real part must be unbounded, so $f$ must be constant.  I would like to know an answer with the the maximum modulus principle.  Thanks


I have a small... problem atm. that could get bigger if I go further whitout knowing what I'm doing.  So this happened:  I have a Windows Server 2012 R2  It has 2 drives. C: & D:  I wanted to give the usergroup Users more permission to change files in a specific folder.  I recognized the user was in the Administrators group and actually should be able to change files in folder XY. Now after I granted rights to the Users-Group... he suddenly could change files there. All fine untill here.  My thought was:      may the admin-rights has to be refreshed so other users in the admin   group won't run into the same problem   . What I did is:     D: => Right Click => Properties => Security   Selected Administrators => Edit and took away the first checkbox. After exapting this, I dropped my hand on my head and realized that my rights are gone. And now I'm not able to grand them anymore for this folder or directory.  I thoughts where:      may you just change the owner   But since I already have made this mistake I'm afraid to do the next one because inetpub and ftproot is running under D: and I don't know what will happen with the IIS and its rights when I change that.  Any suggestion to solve this ? Or to get the rights back for this folder ?  As information: I was logged in as administrator and took the right from the folder of the adminsitratorsgroup. But I still have access!  EDIT: This is not a duplicate of . I DO have access to the folder! I only want all rights back. Thats some diffrent!!!! Also the posted possible duplicate doesnt even has a really answere! Specialy not suitable with my question.

I wanted to encrypt a specific folder in my company domain and now I cannot access it.  This is Windows 7, I am administrator on of my PC.  On the folder I did right click->properties->security  for the System and Administrators I did Deny all. and for me (DOMAIN\ME) I gave full control.  Now I cannot access the folder. I tried to set the permissions back, but with no success


What's the difference?  I think these two sentences seems slightly different. But I don't know the exact difference. Could anybody explain the difference to me?

Is there are rule when to use opened vs open?  I always get confused even though I've been speaking English as the dominant language for more than half my life.  E.g.         Is the door open(ed)?   Which file do you have open(ed) in your editor?


I am writing as I have two shapefiles, one with an undefined projection/ coordinate system and another shapefile with a defined one. When I add them in gis, one shapefile is shown in another place than the other one.   I am trying to project them together so one shapefile can overlay the other one; I go to ArcToolbox <- data management tools <-Project and Transformations <- Define Projection; As input I was adding the undefined shapefile and then I defined as output the projection as of my second shapefile; then I was using the Project option tool  to project the new saved shapefile, after adding the new saved shapefile, but unfortunately still nothing was happening. When I zoom to the two different layers, they are shown at totally different places.

I have a Shapefile but its coordinate system is Unknown, and there is no *.prj file.   How can I identify it now?


We have 16 variables which are indices produced by calculations based on ratio  (unitless in fact). Some examples of the ranges of our variables are (0.450-0.750), (0.000 - 0.800) and (0.000 - 1.000). Based on this data, we want to apply hierarchical and K-means clustering algorithms. According to the literature, it is recommended to apply standardization before PCA and clustering follows this. In our case, covariance matrix is proposed for PCA but we are not sure we should apply standardization before this process.   If you could help us in this issue, we would be glad.  Thanks in advance for your answers.

What are the main differences between performing principal component analysis (PCA) on the correlation matrix and on the covariance matrix? Do they give the same results?


I use ubuntu in dual boot with windows 10.  Besides the two partitions with the two operating systems, I have some unallocated space, I would like to use it to extend the ubuntu partition. I have tried with the 'Disks' tool, but I am only given the option to shrink the partition volume, not extend it.

Previously, I have installed Windows 7 on my 320 GB laptop with three partitions 173, 84 and 63 GB each. The 63 GB partition was where the Windows was installed. The rest were for file containers.  Now I changed my OS to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I installed Ubuntu by replacing the entire Windows 7 on the 63 GB partition. The rest of the partitions remain as an NTFS Windows partition and I can still access them both (the 173 and 84 GB partitions).  Now I want to change the two partitions of Windows into an Ubuntu format partitions plus most importantly, I want to extend the 63 GB partition to more than a 100 GB because at the moment I am running out of disk space. Whenever I try to install any application, especially using wine, it always complains for a shortage of disk space.  How do I do the extending activity before I entirely format my laptop again and lose all the important files on my partitions?


does anyone understand why the code is returning empty array   $name = 'login'; $data = 'user2'; $sql = 'SELECT :name FROM test.users WHERE :name=:data'; $sth = $dbh->prepare($sql); $sth->execute([':name' => $name, ':name' => $name, ':data' => $data]); $res = $sth->fetchAll(); var_dump($res);

Why can't I pass the table name to a prepared PDO statement?  $stmt = $dbh->prepare('SELECT * FROM :table WHERE 1'); if ($stmt->execute(array(':table' => 'users'))) {     var_dump($stmt->fetchAll()); }   Is there another safe way to insert a table name into a SQL query? With safe, I mean that I don't want to do  $sql = "SELECT * FROM $table WHERE 1"


Let $\{x_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ and $\{y_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ be sequences of real numbers. Verify that each of the following holds, provided the right-hand side makes sense. $$\limsup(x_n+y_n)\geq\limsup(x_n)+\liminf(y_n)$$  For this problem we are allowed to assume the following holds: $$\limsup(x_n+y_n)\leq\limsup(x_n)+\limsup(y_n)$$ $$\limsup(-x_n)=-\liminf(x_n)\text{ and } \liminf(-x_n)=-\limsup(x_n)$$    What I've done so far:  See that  \begin{equation} \begin{split} \limsup(x_n)=\limsup(x_n+y_n-y_n) & \leq\limsup(x_n+y_n)+\limsup(-y_n) \\ & = \limsup(x_n+y_n) -\liminf(y_n) \end{split} \end{equation}  So we obtain $$\limsup(x_n+y_n)\geq\limsup(x_n)+\liminf(y_n)\text{ as desired.}$$  I feel like this should hold, but I'm curious if this approach covers all potential exceptions. What if we are talking about the extended real numbers? What if $\{y_n\}$ or $\{x_n\}$ diverge?

Let $\{s_n\}$ and $\{t_n\}$ be sequences.  I've noticed this inequality in a few analysis textbooks that I have come across, so I've started to think this can't be a typo:  $\limsup\limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} s_n + \liminf\limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} t_n \leq \limsup\limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} (s_n + t_n) \leq \limsup\limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} s_n + \limsup\limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} t_n$.  I understand the right two-thirds of the equation, and can prove it.  I'm stuck on the far-left third.  I don't understand how that is true.


I want to prove the following$$n - 2\sqrt{n} = \Theta(n)$$  Is it correct to say $$n -1 \leq n \leq n +1 => f(n)=n=\Theta(n)$$ $$\sqrt{n}\leq|-2\sqrt{n}| = 2\sqrt{n}\leq3\sqrt{n} =>g(n)=-2\sqrt{n}=O\sqrt{n}$$  So:     $n - 2\sqrt{n} = max(O(n),O(\sqrt{n}))=O(n)$ And:  $n - 2\sqrt{n} = max(\Omega(n),\Omega(\sqrt{n}))=\Omega(n)$ So:     $n - 2\sqrt{n} = \Theta{n}$  Edit: I am not interested in the solution to this problem , but whether my methodology for solving the problem is correct or not.

I want to prove the following $$n - 2\sqrt{n} = \Theta(n)$$  It's $n - 2\sqrt{n} \leq n = O(n)$  How can I prove the same for $\Omega(n)$


Why in the code below, string keyword seems not to be case-sensitive while int does (Int c brings error).  String x= "string x"; string y= "string y"; int z = 1; Int c = 1; Console.WriteLine(x +" "+ y +" "+ z +" "+ c)

Example (note the case):  string s = "Hello world!"; String s = "Hello world!";   What are the guidelines for the use of each? And what are the differences?


I used my Wintel box to download Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. Burned an install DVD and installed on my laptop (Dell Inspiron 8500). When I try to boot the laptop from the hard drive I get a GPU Lockup message. If I let it sit, after a few minutes I get messages about a channel failing to idle. These repeat every few minutes. I have read some other posts and it sounds like I still ought to be able to do something, but I have no idea what. My GPU is an Nvida GeForce 4 4200. I am a total newbie at Linux. I have mark Sobell's Practical Guide to Ubuntu Linux. I will search it as well. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

I was able to install Ubuntu 12.04 using the alternative version of the image, (64 bit) but when I start the system it tells me the GPU  locked up, and instead presents a text only screen.  I understand that this site is not for bug reports, but at the same time, I know that there are some versions of the installer than have to be compatible with my graphics card (Nvidia GTS 360M).  I assumed that the mere fact that the alternative installer ran was an indication that I could get some sort of graphical interface running after the install.  Is there some way of getting some type of graphical interface running on my machine? Even better would be is there a way to get the rest of the system running as normal (i.e. GPU up and running)?  If an internet connection is required to download driver support or something similar, directions for how to configure a wireless connection with WPA2-Personal protection from the text-only interface (bash).  Any help would be appreciated.  Note: I was able to find  which tells me that the card is supported.  Note 2: In the install software stage of the install, I was unable to install anything (no internet connection)  Update: The exact error message is [8.591394] [drm] 0000:01:00.0: GPU Lockup - switching to software fbcon  Update 2: If I try to install with the regular version of Ubuntu, the screen goes staticy. This also happens if I install with Wubi (distasteful I know) and then try to use Ubuntu.  Update 3: I've tried xforcevesa, nomodeset and xforcevesa nomodeset as my wubi boot options.  Update 4: Thanks to jokerdino, I can now connect to the internet, so internet tools would now be a possibility.


So I submitted my sitemap to google search console which includes 3.5k URLs. At first, it said pending so that's alright.  Now it says it indexed 1 page and when I resubmit it again it doesn't show pending. No errors in the search console.  I even validated my sitemap and robots.txt files and they are both ok. Any idea why this is happening? thanks

This is a general, community wiki  question and answer pair intended to address any questions   concerning the reasons a site or specific site contents do not appear   in search engine results.      If your question was closed as a duplicate of this question and you   feel that the information provided here does not provide a sufficient   answer, please open a discussion on .   My site (or specific pages on my site) is not appearing in search engine results.  Why isn't my content indexed and what can I do about it?


So I was trying to play around with matrix esponentials and proving a fundamental theorem of trigonometry analogon for this type structure. As it might happen, I ran across the problem in the title, while computing e^(zero matrix). I highly suppose it's the unit matrix, but is there a proper way to prove it?

Why $0^0=I$?   I'd tried prove that considering $N^0$ where N is a Nilpotent matrix and then using the Cayley -Hamilton theorem  Thanks in advance.


Intuitively dropout make sense to me but I don't understand how backpropagation works in presence of dropout.   It looks like at each training step we backpropagate gradients to parameters in the thinned network and ignore the dropped paths as if there was nothing stochastic in the network. Why is this valid? Shouldn't we apply something similar to reparameterization trick or gumbel-softmax approaches to backpropagate through dropout layers?

Regarding dropout, we know that in the forward propagation some neurons are put to "zero" (i.e., turned off). How about back propagation ?   Are these dropped out neurons also zeros (turned off) during back-prop ?  Thank  Refer to this link, which seems to be not very clear ... :


I'm web-developer and i decided to create my portfolio. So I need to create all my websites as images in perspective like on the following example.     I have knowledge of Photoshop, but I cant create what I need with good quality so please help. If it is done in other software and not in Photoshop, please give me the name of that software.  I need not only the perspective angles, but i also want good quality of images.

I need to create a "fake" 3D effect for some raster image, like this one below:    do you know how I can achieve this in Photoshop (CS5) or Illustrator? Thanks.


i m really confused about these two things: First this : is emma stone and sharon stone related or are emma stone and sharon stone related? 2nd question: do your girlfriend and her friends want to eat? Or does your girlfriend and her friend want to eat?  Thanks

Possible Duplicate:          I'm writing an interrogative sentence questioning someone else's writing:  "Is grammar and spelling correct?"  Can I use the singular verb "is" or must it be the plural verb "are"?  (The sentence is one of a list of interrogative questions about the quality of writing, e.g. "Are words in the right order?" "Does the copy flow?")


I am new with Daemons and I was wondering how can I make my main script a daemon?  I have my main script which I wish to make a Daemon and run in the background:   main.py       def requestData(information):          return currently_crunched_data()       while True:           crunchData()   I would like to be able to use the requestData function to this daemon while the loop is running. I am not too familiar with Daemons or how to convert my script into one.  However I am guessing I would have to make two threads, one for my cruncData loop and one for the Daemon request receiever since the Daemon has its own loop (daemon.requestLoop()).  I am currently looking into Pyro to do this. Does anyone know how I can ultimately make a background running while loop have the ability to receive requests from other processes (like a Daemon I suppose) ?

reveals x2 code snippets. The first result is to  which has a lot of documentation and explanation, along with some useful discussion underneath.   However, , whilst not containing so much documentation, includes sample code for passing commands such as start, stop and restart. It also creates a PID file which can be handy for checking if the daemon is already running etc.  These samples both explain how to create the daemon. Are there any additional things that need to be considered? Is one sample better than the other, and why?


I'm using this code:  <form action="https://google.com/search" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" />   To allow me to search using google from a custom homepage. But after every search it seems to be caching my search terms.   When I return to the HTML page when I click on the form it has my previous searches as auto fill drop-down box.   I'd like to disable this function and stop the page from caching.  Thank You

How do you disable autocomplete in the major browsers for a specific input (or form field)?


i try to install or un-install some think and i get this:   installArchives() failed: (Reading database ...  (Reading database ... 5% (Reading database ... 10% (Reading database ... 15% (Reading database ... 20% (Reading database ... 25% (Reading database ... 30% (Reading database ... 35% (Reading database ... 40% (Reading database ... 45% (Reading database ... 50% (Reading database ... 55% (Reading database ... 60% (Reading database ... 65% (Reading database ... 70% (Reading database ... 75% (Reading database ... 80% (Reading database ... 85% (Reading database ... 90% (Reading database ... 95% (Reading database ... 100% (Reading database ... 222127 files and directories currently installed.) Removing vlc ... Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils ... Processing triggers for gnome-menus ... Processing triggers for bamfdaemon ... Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index... Processing triggers for mime-support ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Processing triggers for vlc-nox ... dpkg: error processing python-wxgtk2.8 (--configure):  Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should  reinstall it before attempting configuration. dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of playonlinux:  playonlinux depends on python-wxgtk2.8; however:   Package python-wxgtk2.8 is not configured yet.  No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. dpkg: error processing playonlinux (--configure):  dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing:  python-wxgtk2.8  playonlinux Error in function:  dpkg: error processing python-wxgtk2.8 (--configure):  Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should  reinstall it before attempting configuration. dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of playonlinux:  playonlinux depends on python-wxgtk2.8; however:   Package python-wxgtk2.8 is not configured yet.  dpkg: error processing playonlinux (--configure):  dependency problems - leaving unconfigured

I can't update my system because it freezes while installing a third-party update (zramswap-enabler)! Sometimes I get the following message in Update manager:  Could not initialize the package information An unresolvable problem occurred while initializing the package information. Please report this bug against the 'update-manager' package and include the following error message: E:The package zramswap-enabler needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.  I tried to remove the zramswap-enabler, but it's impossible because I get the following message: dpkg: error processing zramswap-enabler (--remove):  Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should  reinstall it before attempting a removal. Errors were encountered while processing:  zramswap-enabler E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)  Actually I would really reinstall that package, but it is unable to do it! If I remove this third-party PPA then the system is warning me about a very very serious problem. So why can I not install/reinstall/remove/update this package and why freezes the updater if I try to update?


It was this very piece that Yo-Yo Ma was to play that evening.    Why the above sentence write "was to play" instead of "played" ?

What is the meaning of this sentence:     He met a girl who was to become a queen.   Does it show the plan of the girl?   Does it mean: He met a girl who 'was going to' become a queen?  How and in which sense is 'was to'  used in this sentence?


I thought that the droid from Star Wars Rebels spoke in binary, but somehow Hera and Ezra are able to understand and interpret for it. It made sense for C3PO to understand R2 because they're both machines, and I always thought when a human character understood R2 it was because they had a console in front of them (I could be wrong, but I don't remember any instances where this wasn't the case). This doesn't seem to be the case for Chopper though. So, is Chopper not speaking in a binary encoding? Or is it somehow possible for humans to interpret binary in the Star Wars Universe?

In all the Star Wars movies, R2D2 just boops and beeps his way around. And everyone understands him perfectly, though he is obviously not speaking Basic.  How do people understand him - is there like an astromech language? If so, then would one have to learn it, or is it comprised of feelings and emotions (expressed in beeps), essentially making a tonal language?  If I may be permitted to use an example from the prequels without too many lynch mobs forming, Anakin Skywalker converses frequently with Artoo while in the Naboo fighter, but he couldn't have had much schooling at the age of eleven, especially because he was a slave.  So how would people, Anakin especially, be able to understand astromechs?


We took up the topic of particle nature of light recently.As the light is quantised when an electron jumps from higher to lower orbit it releases energy but as the energy is quantised it will release them in distinct packets.So while the electron is coming down:   It's potential energy decreases as smooth fxn  It releases a distinct amount of energy(as seen from its optical spectra)   So the question arises what happens in between the jump.As the energy cant be released until it's sufficient to form a photon of corresponding energy,where does the energy go.  Upon asking my teacher he said it's released as radiation as electron is accelerating.But then again radiation is released as photons.  P.S.-I know elementary b.sc level maths and physics,so answers of appropriate level will be appreciated.

what's the type of movement when the electron jump from level to another when gaining or losing a quantum of energy is it actually jump or move in a specific movement?