I'm producing a pamphlet, so I'm using the twocolumn option to \documentclass, and \usepackage[landscape]{geometry}. The goal is to print out some pages, and fold each 8.5"x11" sheet along the middle, nest the folded sheets, and staple down the middle. I've got the layout looking pretty nice, but I realized that I need to not only print two-sided, but I need to permute the columns to get them in the right order in the pamphlet.  To put this very explicitly, in the case of two folds of paper forming the pamphlet we get eight columns in total, and they must be ordered like this:  \documentclass[12pt,twocolumn]{article} \usepackage[landscape,margin=1cm]{geometry} \usepackage{nopageno} \setlength{\columnsep}{2cm} \begin{document} \huge\centering % First fold. 8 \newpage 1 \newpage 2 \newpage 7 \newpage % Second fold, inserted inside the first. 6 \newpage 3 \newpage 4 \newpage 5 \end{document}   So, if you print this document out two sided, and then fold the second page and insert it into the first folded page, you get a nicely ordered pamphlet, with the columns sequentially numbered.  Does anyone have any advice on how to automatically reorder the columns according to this rule? Alternatively, maybe there's an entirely different way to do it? For example, I could separate each column into its own true page in the output PDF, then script pdftk to permute the pages, and print two pages per physical sheet of paper, but I don't want to lose control over the inter-column spacing.  Thanks,

I have a file bookletdemo.tex with the following code  \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage[a5paper]{geometry} \usepackage{lipsum}  % this package is for creating filler text   \author{N.~N} \title{The booklet}  % \usepackage[print,1to1]{booklet} \nofiles  % \target{\magstep0}{297mm}{210mm}   \begin{document}  \maketitle  \tableofcontents  \section{Europe} \subsection{Berlin} \lipsum[4] \subsection{Paris} \lipsum[1-3] \subsection{Vienna} \lipsum[10] \subsection{Rome} \lipsum[15] \section{Africa} \lipsum[1-4] \subsection{Accra} \lipsum[5-8] \subsection{Johannesburg} \lipsum[9-11] \subsection{Casablanca} \lipsum[11-12] \lipsum[5-6] \section{Asia} \lipsum[1-4] \subsection{Tokyo} \lipsum[5-8] \subsection{Beijing} \lipsum[9-11] \subsection{Mumbai} \lipsum[11-12] \lipsum[5-6]  \end{document}   Fist I run  latex bookletdemo.tex    two times. The pdf formatting of the document with A5 pages is fine.  Then I uncomment  \usepackage[print,1to1]{booklet} \nofiles  \target{\magstep0}{297mm}{210mm}   and run      latex bookletdemo.tex    to create a booklet. It produces something which resembles a booklet but the title page and the TOC are missing.   How does an example which does this properly look like?  Reference


most of the time I've been doing SQL like this:  $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $usr, $pass);  $qry = 'SELECT * FROM `my_table` WHERE `pk_id` = '. $id .';'; $res = $pdo->query($qry);   but recently I've seen a few posts showing that the only way to be safe is using prepared statements - this isn't an issue really for me, and this probably has an answer, just one I couldn't find from Googling around.  surely, if all of my statements, end in .';' using concat is ok?  Thanks,

If user input is inserted without modification into an SQL query, then the application becomes vulnerable to , like in the following example:  $unsafe_variable = $_POST['user_input'];   mysql_query("INSERT INTO `table` (`column`) VALUES ('$unsafe_variable')");   That's because the user can input something like value'); DROP TABLE table;--, and the query becomes:  INSERT INTO `table` (`column`) VALUES('value'); DROP TABLE table;--')   What can be done to prevent this from happening?


I am a US and EU citizen residing in the US. I am going backpacking throughout Africa and want to travel on my EU passport. My flight is US–Paris–Tunis–Cairo. When do I use each passport? Do I book my flight on the US passport or the EU passport? Can I leave the US on my US passport and then switch mid-flight and enter Paris with my EU passport?

I am a citizen of two different countries, and have two passports.  How should I use my passports when traveling?


I flagged  using the "Other (needs moderator attention)" option, and in the textbox I put  User seems to be posting answers to quizzes in a place where other students can easily access it.   And that's exactly what it looked like. It was just a paste of several quizzes' questions with their answers filled out. My guess is that the user was putting it there so some of his classmates could quickly copy it and use the answers for themselves. So not only was it not a question in any form, but it was (in my mind) cheating, and clearly needed to be deleted rather than just put on hold. Even the title, "Disregard this post", sounds like the user knew he was doing something wrong and didn't want undue attention. And in fact, this question was removed from Stack Overflow for reasons of moderation.  However, my flag was declined with the reason  declined - flags should only be used to make moderators aware of content that requires their intervention   I believe that the post required moderator attention, so I'm unsure of why the flag was declined. The post was removed very shortly after I flagged it, as in just a few seconds, so it is possible that it was declined because the post had already been dealt with by the time a moderator got to my flag? Or was there simply a different flag that was better suited for the situation? Maybe I misunderstand some of the flags' reasons, but I didn't see any that really fit in this case, so if there was a better choice I would appreciate being told so that I can get better at flagging correctly.

I flagged a post and (choose one)   my flag was marked as helpful, yet nothing was done my flag was marked as declined, yet the post was deleted/edited/closed   Why?


Most of the times in order to give an answer or ask a question, I write code. But, writing code directly to the answer's  textbox is quite tedious. I have to type too much spaces in order to get the code correctly indented (this helps users who read the code ). So, there are some trick, some format tag, anything, to help community write code easier?

How do I post text so that it is formatted as code?  What do I need to do so that my code shows up properly — not escaped or removed — when posted? And how to get the correct syntax highlighting?     For more information, see "" in the .


I've been told that "His theory got disproved" is not correct English (even in colloquial speech), and that I should say "His theory has been disproved" instead. I usually use "to get" as a substitute for "have been" (e.g. "He got thrown out of school" instead of "He has been thrown out of school"), but why is that not possible in the sentence mentioned in the title (or is it not possible at all, and I've been using "to get" wrong all the time)?

In spoken English (at least in America), passives are often formed with "to get" rather than "to be;" I would wager the majority of the time:   he got hit by a car I get driven to work I've gotten called for jury duty eight times   Are there specific verbs that prefer "be" to "get," or vice-versa, or semantic differences between these forms? I cannot think of any.


In Java, assuming that class A is an interface/abstract class, I can do the following:  callMethod(new A(){       public void myFunc(){      System.out.println("test");      } });   How can I achieve the same shortcut effect in C# without having to declare a class seperately  .  Thanks

Is it possible to have an anonymous type implement an interface?  I've got a piece of code that I would like to work, but don't know how to do this.  I've had a couple of answers that either say no, or create a class that implements the interface construct new instances of that. This isn't really ideal, but I'm wondering if there is a mechanism to create a thin dynamic class on top of an interface which would make this simple.  public interface DummyInterface {     string A { get; }     string B { get; } }  public class DummySource {     public string A { get; set; }     public string C { get; set; }     public string D { get; set; } }  public class Test {     public void WillThisWork()     {         var source = new DummySource[0];         var values = from value in source                      select new                      {                          A = value.A,                          B = value.C + "_" + value.D                      };          DoSomethingWithDummyInterface(values);      }      public void DoSomethingWithDummyInterface(IEnumerable<DummyInterface> values)     {         foreach (var value in values)         {             Console.WriteLine("A = '{0}', B = '{1}'", value.A, value.B);         }     } }   I've found an article  that describes one approach. Is this the best way of doing this?


How are REST urls protected?  For example I have a GET URL like https://localhost/8080/user. It will give a list of user. How can I protect this info if someone is accessing it?

What does RESTful Authentication mean and how does it work?  I can't find a good overview on Google.  My only understanding is that you pass the session key (remeberal) in the URL, but this could be horribly wrong.


We know there are small companies on earth like Picard's vineyard and Sisko's (Ben's dad) restaurant, but are there any large private companies that operate within Federation space like say a Procter and Gamble, FedEx, or Boeing size companies?  Private company means private company, not publicly traded stocks, etc. This question has nothing to do with the economic or monitary system or means of exchange. This has to do with any large private company that provides goods or services to others.

As we learned in the responses to the question  ,  the Federation (and Earth in particular) enjoys a post-scarcity economy.  As part of this, humans living inside the borders of the Federation do not earn or use money.  Picard makes this quite clear in his speech to Lily in First Contact, for example.  My question is about the fate in the Star Trek universe of human corporations, industrial conglomerates, and other profit-driven enterprises that once existed on Earth.  Is there any evidence that these enterprises still exist in some way, shape, or form in the 22nd, 23rd, and 24th centuries?  If not, when and why did they disappear?  If they do exist, then do they "employ" individuals on a merit-based platform without paying them (much in the way that Starfleet does with its officers and enlisted personnel)?  One might guess that the Third World War in the 21st Century "reset" the economic playing field of Earth and perhaps put corporations into retirement.  In Star Trek (2009), however, we see a pristine Nokia phone / communicator in Jim Kirk's stepfather's car (although one might argue that the device may be from an earlier time but still functions, like the car itself).


I'm kinda liking the new achievements feature in the new top bar, but I think it'd be nice if badges were easier to distinguish. Maybe put a bronze/silver/gold lozenge where the rep is for the other rows?

I would like to suggest an update to Stack Exchange sites regarding the notification that is shown when a user earns a new badge.  Currently, all notifications are shown in the same color, like this:    This notification is great, but if you get more than one badge, it can be difficult to differentiate between those and "normal" messages.  I would like to propose this:  For each new badge a user earns, the background color should change based on the badge type. So for a gold badge, the background would be gold, etc...  Here's a quick look on how it would look like:    Now, if you earn more than one, it will look like this:    I think that this way it becomes much easier to distinguish all newly earned badges.


I was wondering why electrons orbited protons rather than protons orbiting electrons.  My first thought was that it was due to the small amount of gravitational attraction between them that would cause the orbit to be very close to the proton (or nucleus). The only other idea that I would have is that the strong interaction between protons and neutrons have something to due with this.  I have heard that the actual answer is due to something in QM, but haven't seen the actual explanation. The only relation to QM that I can think of is that due to a proton's spin and the fact that they are fermions, the atomic orbitals should be somewhat similar. Do protons have the same types of orbitals, that are just confined by the potential of the strong force?  A related question that came up while thinking of this being due to a gravitational interaction: do orbits between protons and electrons have a noticeable rotation between each other (as the sun orbits the earth just as the earth orbits the sun), or is any contribution this has essentially nullified by the uncertainty of the location of the electron (and possibly proton as well)?

I've gone through an intermediate classical mechanics course, and in solving the two-body problem, we reduce it to a one-body between a larger stationary mass, and a smaller reduced mass.  Most solutions I've seen of the hydrogen atom simply neglect the movement of the nucleus. Some solutions replace the electron mass with the reduced mass, for a more accurate answer.  Since the reduced mass is a result derived in classical mechanics, is it valid to apply it in quantum mechanics? Is it possible to derive the reduced mass within a quantum mechanical framework?


Recently I answered two questions on SO: The  is a completely trivial answer to a really basic question (kind of "read the manual and follow the one liner example there"). On the other hand, my  is a much more complicated answer that requires much more specialized knowledge of a very specific domain (happens to be related to my PhD research).  Clearly, the first answer could have been given by many SO users - I just happened to be the first to pick up the glove on this question. However, this is not the case for the second answer.  In contrast, when it comes to reputation - the first answer instantly got upvoted (everyone can relate to a simple question/answer), while the second one - I don't believe it will get much upvotes...  So, life isn't fair: for the one answer that really very few people could provide (the second answer) and is much harder to find and get -- is not rewarded, while the trivial answer is rewarded fast and strong...  How can we amend this? How can we encourage rare and specialized answers for difficult and deep questions?  Do we want SO to turn into a pool of trivial and superficial questions?    Update: Thanks to many meta-users who took the time to read through this question and ponder its implication, both answers I used as examples got exposed far beyond their fair-share. So, despite the fact that my original claim that the specialized answer get less reps is no longer valid, this does not change fact that in general my claim is stil valid: specialized answers requiring expert knowledge will recieve less attention at first.    Bottom line: (following my wish to have some sort of ). Indeed it sometimes seems like life isn't fair, but this is only in the short term. In the long run high quality answers do get their proper credit and exposure and their fair share of reputation. The reputation system of SO works quite well balancing and accounting for many factors and parameters. It would require a really strong argument backed up with serious research to change this mechanism.   Thank you all for the lively discussion and for showing me that life is fair after all.

Over time I realized a very annoying property of the Stack Overflow reputation system: Easy answers to popular question are rewarded with a lot more reputation points than actually great answers. In case anybody actually needs examples for this, here are two examples from :   gained me 420 rep, I invested 2 minutes writing it, and it only was a wild guess.   took me about an hour for the research and the math and gained me 40 rep.  Now I know that you are bound to get more rep for answers that are useful to more people, and I'd say that's fine. But the current situation is quite extreme: 30% of my reputation is from 5 of my 330 answers, and they are definitely far from being my best ones.  A final example that is not from my profile, but more extreme: Do you really think  is worth 40000 reputation?  My proposition to improve that situation would be to make the reputation gain from a single answer non-linear, maybe even have it capped at a certain point. I'm not sure on how that non-linear function should look exactly, and would leave good proposals for that to users with more experience than me.


Is there a way to do dashlines as separators in matrix math environment without Tikz package? I tried to use arydshln with {array}{c:c} but generates error. I have to do this    This is the code I used and that's the weird thing. The code, alone, works fine but when I insert it in my document, gives error.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{arydshln}   \begin{document}     \begin{equation}     \left[         \begin{array}{c}             \dot{x}_a  \\ \hdashline[2pt/2pt]             \dot{x}_b         \end{array}     \right]     =     \left[         \begin{array}{c;{2pt/2pt}c}             A_{aa} & A_{ab} \\ \hdashline[2pt/2pt]             A_{ba} & A_{bb}          \end{array}     \right]     \left[         \begin{array}{c}             x_a \\ \hdashline[2pt/2pt]             x_b         \end{array}     \right]     +\left[         \begin{array}{c}             B_a \\ \hdashline[2pt/2pt]             B_b         \end{array}     \right]u     \end{equation}  \end{document}

I would like to know how to add dash lines in Matrix (see figuge)  Cheers  S.L.    \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath}  \begin{document} \begin{equation} \begin{bmatrix} N & B_i \\ B_i^T & 0 \end{bmatrix} \begin{bmatrix} x_i\\ k \end{bmatrix} =\begin{bmatrix} n\\ 0 \end{bmatrix} \text{ with } n = A^TPl \end{equation} \end{document}


I installed SSL on a server, it all went well as I did on other servers before, but this is just not working, I check with sudo netstat -t -l -p -n  and I get this:  Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1062/sshd tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      2560/exim tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3129/nginx tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3129/nginx   But when I try to access the website, the connection times out, now if I check with  for port 443, it will say the port is closed. Nginx -t returns no errors.   sudo iptables -L shows:  Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target     prot opt source               destination  Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target     prot opt source               destination  Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target     prot opt source               destination   sudo ufw status shows:  Status: inactive   My default.vhost file:  server {     listen       80 default_server;     # listen       [::]:80 default_server;     server_name  _;     root         /jet/app/www/website/public;      index index.php index.html index.htm;     autoindex on;      # Load configuration files for the default server block.     include /jet/etc/nginx/conf.d/*.inc;  #location / {            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; #    }     location ~ \.php$ {        #try_files $uri /index.php =404;        try_files $uri =404;        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;        fastcgi_index index.php;        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;        include fastcgi_params;    }  }   server {     listen       443 default_server;      ssl on;     ssl_certificate /jet/etc/nginx/SSL/website.crt;     ssl_certificate_key /jet/etc/nginx/SSL/private/website.key;       server_name  _;     root         /jet/app/www/website/public;         index index.php index.html index.htm;     autoindex on;      # Load configuration files for the default server block.     include /jet/etc/nginx/conf.d/*.inc;  #location / {            try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php; #    }     location ~ \.php$ {        #try_files $uri /index.php =404;        try_files $uri =404;        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;        fastcgi_index index.php;        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;        include fastcgi_params;    }     }   Wth could be going on?

I tried to setup apache 2.2 in amazon aws using amazon ami. i did installed httpd and php and congirue http.conf to use /var/www/html.  Then put file index.html on that folder. But when i tried to use browser to browse my domain which is ec2-122-248-255-181.ap-southeast-1.compute.amazonaws.com, nothing was loaded.  I did start httpd by running apachectl start, and i can see it listening on port 80.  Does anybody know what is wrong?


Show that if $\gcd(b,c) = 1$ then $\gcd(a,bc) = \gcd(a,b)\gcd(a,c).$   Everyone, I'm stuck on this proof. I know that: $$\gcd(a,bc)=\gcd(a,b)\cdot\gcd(a,c)\gcd(a,bc)\\=\gcd(a,b)\cdot\gcd(a,c),$$ but I don't know how I use $\gcd(b,c)=1$ to get that $\gcd(a,bc)=\gcd(a,b)\cdot\gcd(a,c)$

How can I prove that if $\gcd(a, b) = 1$, then $\gcd(ab, c) = \gcd(a, c) \times \gcd(b, c)$?  By eea there exists $ax+by=1$ from $\gcd(a,b)=1$ so a and be are co-primes there also exists $dk=a$ and $dj= b$ where $d=\gcd(a,b)=1$ this is all the information I have gathered from the question but I dont know how to approach and solve it. Can anyone help explain to me how to arrive at the answer? Thanks!


How to prove that $\varphi(n)\geq \sqrt{n}$  for every positive integer $n$ distinct of $2$ and $6$.

If $\phi(n)$ is the Euler-totient function, how can I show that $\phi(n) \ge \sqrt{n}$?


If a photon is sent into a box with perfect mirrors aligned in a way that it won’t ever be reflected out, is it possible to hold the photon for extended lengths of time with its quantum properties intact, and measure it when we want by opening a path into the detector?

My question is a little silly I know, but I'm curious to know if a particle of light can be theoretically trapped between two reflective screens.   For example once the particle of light has left it's source, and is reflected against a mirror (assuming there is no loss of energy) and you immediately replace the source of light with another mirror. Would the light beam bounce in between the sheets endlessly?


I want to learn a person's order/position in his family i.e., among his siblings. So can I say:  "Where do you rank among your siblings?"  Is this usage correct? If not, can anyone provide me with some other better question?

My colleague he have two brothers. I want to know, he is first/second/third son of his parents, ie., the order in the family among their siblings.  I can simply ask     Are you first son of your family?   It simply give some predictions, I don't want to that.  Is there a better way to ask the question?


What's done with the anonymous user feedback data?  I get 10k-ers can view it; the data is now available for viewing in the   But does this data serve any purpose for improving the site?  There was a  about what to do with the data, but as far as I can see, nothing has been done.  What purpose does it serve, apart from being recorded─what's it used for?    I see that in , a user states that the message is deceptive and nothing happens to or with it.  Unfortunately, they're suspended, so I don't really think this is a reliable source.  Also,  confirms the data was used in the 2015 Winter Bash.  What about any other time, or, more importantly, now?

Users below 15 reputation can't effectively vote. It says:     Votes cast by those with less than 15 reputation are recorded, but do not change the publicly displayed post score   Does it mean that they will take effect after I reach 15 reputation or because they were cast before, they're recorded but ignored?


The value of $\displaystyle\int_1^{\infty}\frac{1}{x^2}\,dx$  equals 1.    The series $\displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^2}$ equals $\pi^2/6 \approx 1.66493$.   Shouldn't the area under the curve of the function be larger than the sum of the terms of the sequence?


Why is gravitational force always an attractive force?  And is the  applicable for very small particles like electrons and protons etc.?  From Formula of Gravitational Force, I'm referring to:  $$F_G = \cfrac{GMm}{R^2}, $$  where $M$ and $m$ are the masses of objects.   A logical explanation will be much appreciated.

Why is the gravitational force always attractive? Is there another way to explain this without the curvature of space time?   PS: If the simple answer to this question is that mass makes space-time curve in a concave fashion, I can rephrase the question as why does mass make space-time always curve concavely?


The Last Cylon, Ellen Tigh, stated that Daniel was musical and that John murdered him.  In the episode "Someone to Watch Over Me", Starbuck meets the piano player seemingly her Father, who disappears.  We know in the end that Starbuck was a ghost.  Then was the piano player the cylon Daniel that John had suffocated and killed before he turned on Tigh and the creators?  If not, then did we ever see Daniel in the 2004 series?

Towards the end of season four, Starbuck meets a piano player in the makeshift bar on Galactica.  Now, it appears that this guy is some kind of ghost/angel like Caprica-6 and the ghost Baltar - but I have an idea that he could also be the original copy of the seventh model (Daniel). It's mentioned right in the episode before that Cavil poisoned all of the bodies that were being prepared to accept a copy of Daniel - but it's ambiguous about the fate of the original cylon with that personality. Daniel was also mentioned as an 'artist' and 'sensitive' person.  So - could it have been Daniel that helped Starbuck realise what the music meant?


If $\mathbf a_1,...,\mathbf a_n$ are n vectors in $\mathbb C^n$ with $\mathbf a_i = (a_{i1},...,a_{in})$ and such that $$\lvert a_{jj} \rvert \gt \sum_{\overset{i=1}{i\ne j}}^{n} \lvert a_{ij} \rvert \space\space \text{for j=1,...,n}$$ how can one show that they are linearly independent?  For n=3, for example, I tried assuming that one of the vectors is a linear combination of the other two and then using the property given above and the usual inequalities ($\lVert \mathbf x + \mathbf y \rVert \leq \lVert \mathbf x \rVert + \lVert \mathbf y \rVert$ and $\lvert \space \lVert \mathbf x \rVert - \lVert \mathbf y \rVert \space \rvert \leq \lVert \mathbf x + \mathbf y \rVert$) to show that you would have both $\lvert \lambda \rvert \lt \lvert \mu \rvert$ and $\lvert \mu \rvert \lt \lvert \lambda \rvert$ if, say, $\mathbf a_1 = \lambda \mathbf a_2 + \mu \mathbf a_3$, but only got $$\begin{align} \lvert\lambda\rvert + \lvert\mu\rvert\geq 1\\ (\lvert\lambda\rvert - 1)\cdot \lvert a_{22}\rvert\lt(\lvert\mu\rvert - 1)\cdot \lvert a_{32}\rvert \\ (\lvert\mu\rvert - 1)\cdot \lvert a_{33}\rvert\lt(\lvert\lambda\rvert - 1)\cdot \lvert a_{23}\rvert\end{align}$$

I try to find a good proof for invertibility of strictly diagonally dominant matrices (defined by $|m_{ii}|>\sum_{j\ne i}|m_{ij}|$).  There is a proof of this in  but I'm wondering whether there are are better proof such as using determinant, etc to show that the matrix is non singular.


I'm currently an undergraduate and have a cGPA of about 3.6 in Mathematics. I worry that it's not good enough to land me a place at some of the best graduate schools such as UCB, Princeton and MIT. I still have a little over a year left till I get my degree, which means that I still have time to mess up or increase my GPA. So I guess my question is pretty straightforward, is my GPA enough? What more should I do to improve my chances? I've loved mathematics since a long while but now I fear that I'm worried only about maintaining good grades which has made me lose interest in everything I study. I want to get the same interest that I had back but the grades keep holding me back from it. I initially wanted to delve into research but given that I've lost interest in everything how can I expect it to be fun?What do I do to fix that? Any help would be appreciated.

When applying to a PhD program in the US, how does the admissions process work? If an applicant is weak in a particular area, is it possible to offset that by being strong in a different area?  Note that this question originated from this . Please feel free to edit the question to improve it.


When i spawn in an object in 2.82.7 with a plugin/script or while clicking the button the object is invisible here is an example of a spawned in sphere while its selected   There is no need for lights because im in "solid mode" When unselected the object is completely invisible (there is no outline)  Now the only way i found to fix this is i switch from "object mode" into "edit mode" and the moment i do that this happens  This also works if i press this button  If i switch back to "object mode" or disable the icon above it returns back to being invisible and the only way i found to make it visible is if im in "edit mode" (or the icon from above is activated) and then i deselect the object (by left clicking on empty space) and after that going in "object mode" Here are all the steps in picture form Deselect  object mode after deselecting  and now the object is visible and the "icon" from above is not active now here is an example  if i select something that isnt an object or camera and go to "edit mode" and do all of the steps it doesnt work also if i go back to "edit mode" and select a face and go to "object mode" without unselecting it it turns invisible example   btw if i go up to a higher version of blender for example 2.9 then blender doesnt start for me but crashes on the "start screen" the like "command window" with all of the "words" before it would launch I have an AMD processor and an AMD graphics card

I don't know why but now, when i go in material preview or rendered (in solid mode it works fine), my object is entirely gray, or invisible idk, because it has the same color of the background. I've been working for days on this project without having this issue, it suddenly showed up. I tried opening other old projects and suddenly they all do the same so i guess it is some blender program setting that applies for all the projects, but idk how it happened cuz i didn't change anything :/, anyone got any tips?


I am very new to Python programming and have been tasked with writing a program to export a csv file from a file geodatabase feature class. The csv should contain only certain fields and the records exported should be based on last edit date.  In other words the csv file will be created on a daily bases containing only the last features added based on "last edit date field".  I have this so far:  import arcpy import os import csv import domainvalues  def export_to_csv(dataset, output, dialect):     """Output the data to a CSV file"""     # create the output writer     out_writer = csv.writer(open(output, 'wb'), dialect=dialect)     # return the list of field names and field values     header, rows = domainvalues.header_and_iterator(dataset)      # write the field names and values to the csv file     out_writer.writerow(map(domainvalues._encodeHeader, header))     for row in rows:         out_writer.writerow(map(domainvalues._encode, row))  if __name__ == "__main__":     # Get parameters     dataset_name = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0)     output_file = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(1)     delim = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(2).lower()     dialect = 'excel'     if delim == 'comma':         pass     else:         dialect = 'excel-tab'     try:         export_to_csv(dataset_name, output_file, dialect)     except Exception as err:         arcpy.AddError('Error: {0}'.format(err))   However its exporting everything.

I've written a python script using arcpy which outputs a polygon feature class into a File Geodatabase.  I have added a function to export the attributes to a separate CSV file.  I am using the code which I have found in  which works perfectly.  However, that code exports every column in the feature class.  I only want to export the fields that do not have the following names: OBJECTID, Shape, or Shape_Length.  My CSV file generates successfully, and it correctly does not include the OBJECTID or Shape_Length fields.  However, the Shape field is written to the file.  An example value that is written to that field is:  <geoprocessing describe geometry object object at 0x28CB90A0>   I have added a line to print the field names as it iterates through them and surprisingly, Shape is not printed.  It's as if ArcGIS is hiding it or gives it a different name.  The code for my function is below:  def exportToTable():     """          Exports the final outputs to a CSV File.     """      # Create path to CSV File (note the varialbe outputPath is declared elsewhere).     CSVFile = outputPath+'\\FinalOutput.csv'     arcpy.AddMessage("Created CSV File: %s" %CSVFile)      # Get all fields in FinalOutput feature class and remove unwanted fields.     fields = arcpy.ListFields('FinalOutput')     for field in fields:         arcpy.AddMessage("Field.name is:"+field.name) #not printing 'Shape' field name         if field.name in (['OBJECTID', 'Shape', 'Shape_Length']):             fields.remove(field)      i = 1     f=open(CSVFile, 'w')     for field in fields:         #--write the wanted field names to the output file         if i < len(fields):             f.write('%s,' % field.name)             i += 1         else:             f.write('%s\n' % field.name)      # Use a search cursor to iterate through the rows of the table and write them to the CSV file.     rows = arcpy.SearchCursor('FinalOutput')     for row in rows:         i = 1         for field in fields:             if i < len(fields):                 f.write('%s,' % row.getValue(field.name))                 i += 1             else:                 f.write('%s\n' % row.getValue(field.name))     del rows     f.close()   Does anyone know what's going on here?    I modified my code to follow the advice of @sgrieve and it was still writing the Shape field.  If I add a line to print the field names as it iterates through them, it lists all the fields except the Shape field, yet it still writes to the CSV.  It also added the X and Y coordinates of the polygon as two new columns and the columns no longer aligned with the column names.  I've modified the line where @sgrieve declares the fields to be the following:   fields = [f.name for f in arcpy.ListFields('FinalCadastre') if f.type <> 'Geometry']   The new code works fine, but I'm still unsure what the problem was.  Does anyone know what was going on?  What's the deal with the Shape field?


What is the correct phrase to use?     I am speaking on the phone? Please keep quiet for a while.   or      I am talking on the phone? Please keep quiet for a while.   To me, the first one makes more sense.

Both verbs "to talk" and "to speak" refer to the same action.  Is their meaning exactly the same? When is more appropriate to use one, or the other verb?


I have encountered the following sentence in Macmillan Dictionary.     He was mayor from 2010 to 2014, if my memory serves me correctly.   But other grammar books say that we should omit the article "a/an" only after the verbs describing a change of state.) such as "He was elected mayor last year. He was appointed mayor last year." But in the Macmillan sentence, "was" is not a verb describing a change of state. It is just like some other sentence such as      He was a professor from 2010 to 2014.    Can anybody teach me whether the dictionary sentence is grammatically correct or incorrect, and present me with some evidence which prove that your explanation is right? I'd appreciate it.

Why is there no the before president and captain?     They elected him president.       She was made captain of the team.


How to get Google satellite images (via the plugin) to behave well in QGIS with a map created with a difference CRS?  I have a problem using the Google Image layer plug in - at some scales, it won’t match the rest of the project (but does at others).  The project started with Tiff files imported from GB Ordinance Survey and set the CRS to EPSG:27700 - OSGB 1936 / British National Grid (which I think these tiles default to).  I then added a couple of shapefile layers (set to the same CRS). One has point data, the other is a polygon which defines a site boundary.  I then added (via the plug in) the google satellite image layer.  Whenever I add this layer to any project, this always defaults to a view where the whole world is repeated several times across the screen.  If I zoom in by one click from there, it seems to find itself ok and the site boundary matches the OS tile and the satellite image.  However on this project (and a previous one), when I zoom in too far, suddenly the site boundary doesn't match the same area on the google image (about 1:1000) - it is quite a jump.  I can zoom back out any amount and the polygon and google image match fine.  When the polygon and google image don’t match up, if I bring the OS tile above the Google image, I can see that the polygon and OS tile have remained lined-up.  I know Google use a different CRS - WGS 84 / Pseudo Mercator, which I assume is the root of the problem, but there must be a fix.  I’ve tried changing the google image layer’s CRS to match the rest of the project with the obvious result that it goes even further off (“sorry we don’t have image for here”) and right clicking on the OS layer and selecting “set project CRS from layer” doesn't help.

I am trying to digitize OpenLayers data (such as Google satellite imagery) with no success. Whenever I try to move or zoom the canvas the vector layer I digitized loses the position relative to the imagery.  I have read about this problem elsewhere but was not able to find a solution.  Does anyone have a solution as to how I can digitize satellite imagery for free in QGIS?


I hope you can help.  I was a fairly regular user of LaTeX, only for Open University assignments (even attended a TUG course in London!!) but have had about 18 months off and returned with a new platform! Mac!  As a previous Windows user, I had set up everything OK (with a little help) - but am now embarking on this through the world of Apple.  Previously I was used to TeXworks as the editor and had downloaded a tma.sty file from an OU forum which assisted in the layout tremendously... I had adjusted and added things and eventually re-wrote some of the .sty file to reduce the preamble in my OU assignments.  However, porting to Mac has left me somewhat stumped!  I have downloaded MacTeX and performed the 'whole' installation.  I have booted up TexShop and opened a previously created .tex file.  On opening a previous .tex document it opens fine, the PDF partner opens fine, but the minute I press 'Typeset' I get a ! LaTeX Error: File 'OUTMA.sty' not found.  I know I need to save my .sty file somewhere... but where? I have a TeX foler under Applications that has; Excalibur-4.0.7 [folder] FixMacTeX2013.pkg LaTeXIT LuaTeX-and-XeTeX [folder] TeX Live Utility  TeXShop FixMacTeX2014.pkg BibDesk and 3 x .pdf files  And I remember something about refreshing a file name database once this was done (but again, how)?!  I'm sure I will be fine once I have it started... HELP!  If it helps, I am running TeXShop v. 3.41 and have updated everything I can using TeX Live  Thanks in advance - Simon

I know how to define a package or a class, but how do I make it available (to myself) at all times?  Say I have the package file commonstuff.sty (or myprettyclass.cls), that I want to be able to include in any .tex file I create on my computer. Where do I put it? Do I need to run some installer on it, or is it enough to keep it in a certain folder?  Note: I know I can just place it in the same folder as the .tex file, but that's not what I'm after here. I'm looking for a way to "install" the package centrally on my computer.


How can I prove that for modular multiplicative inverses that if $∃ $[$b$]$ ∈ℤ_n$ such that [$a$] * [$b$] = [$1$], then gcd($a,n$) =$1$? I understand the relationship between primes and multiplicative inverses, but I am not sure how to prove that if $∃ $[$b$]$ ∈ℤ_n$ such that [$a$] * [$b$] = [$1$], $⇒ $ gcd($a,n$) =$1$ I have some definitions to work with, but I am not sure how to fully write out the proof. gcd($m,n$) is defined as the smallest element of the set $S$ = {$K∈N$ : $k=mx+ny$ for some $x,y∈ℤ$}. I know that gcd($m,n$) = $1$ when they are primes. Multiplicative Inverse for modulo is defined as [$b$]$∈ℤ_n$ if [$a$] * [$b$] = [$1$]. I can prove the converse better, but I am not quite sure how to start with $∃ $[$b$]$ ∈ℤ_n$ such that [$a$] * [$b$] = [$1$] to derive gcd($a,n$) = $1$. I have looked at other posts, but they haven't really shown me what I am looking for. Any help and proofs would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

Isn't finding the inverse of $a$, that is, $a'$ in $aa'\equiv1\pmod{m}$ equivalent to solving the diophantine equation $aa'-mb=1$, where the unknowns are $a'$ and $b$? I have seem some answers on this site (where the extended Euclidean Algorithm is mentioned mainly) as well as looked up some books but there is no mention of this. Am I going wrong somewhere or is this a correct method of finding modular inverses? Also can't we find the Bézout's coefficients by solving the corresponding diophantine equation instead of using the extended Euclidean Algorithm?


Let be $E$ a Banach space over real numbers and $T\colon E \to E'$ linear such $T(x)(x)\geq 0$ for all $x\in E$, prove T is continuous.    If $x_n\to x$ and $T(x_n)\to \phi\in E'$ then $T(x_n)(y)\to\phi(y)$ how to use $T(x)(x)\geq 0$ for all $x\in E$?

For a real Banach space $X$ let $A:X\rightarrow X^*$ be a positive operator in the sense that $(Ax)(x)\geq 0$ for all $x\in X$. Show that $A$ is bounded.   I don't know how to do that, maybe it's an application of the closed graph theorem?


Okay I've looked, and I've looked but for the life of me I can't find a free 2d CAD program that is compatible for Ubuntu. I need it to be free but allow me to type in exact measurements for the sides and angles. Also I can't work with something that has a layer limit because I'm designing a forty floor building. Please need one A.S.A.P.  Thanks, ShockWave

Just that. By good I mean something at the level of SolidWorks, AutoCAD, or similar. This is a complete limitation for me (and many others) to use Ubuntu.


I am running Ubuntu 18.04 as dual boot along with windows 7. I got a message that my root directory is almost full. Here is the screenshot -   I want to resize my home directory to 80GB and rest I want to add to root. When i click on resize i get a message saying -  "Minimum size: 161765 MiB      Maximum size: 161765 MiB"   and I am unable to resize it. Can anybody guide me through this. This is my first post. I am sorry for any mistakes. Please tell me if you need any other information.

Previously, I have installed Windows 7 on my 320 GB laptop with three partitions 173, 84 and 63 GB each. The 63 GB partition was where the Windows was installed. The rest were for file containers.  Now I changed my OS to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I installed Ubuntu by replacing the entire Windows 7 on the 63 GB partition. The rest of the partitions remain as an NTFS Windows partition and I can still access them both (the 173 and 84 GB partitions).  Now I want to change the two partitions of Windows into an Ubuntu format partitions plus most importantly, I want to extend the 63 GB partition to more than a 100 GB because at the moment I am running out of disk space. Whenever I try to install any application, especially using wine, it always complains for a shortage of disk space.  How do I do the extending activity before I entirely format my laptop again and lose all the important files on my partitions?


Is there a preprocessor trick that allows me to "include" a file as a string in a header?  Something like this:  a.txt  lorem ipsum dolorem sit amet   and the "magic" include call similar to this:  header.h  MAGICINCLUDE(a.txt, atxt)   As a result, the preprocessor does tricks and the above line is equivalent to this:  const char* atxt = "lorem ipsum dolorem\n\ sit amet";   No external tool shall be used, just the preprocessor: I am trying to get rid of my python scripts that do this.

Is there a way to include an entire text file as a string in a C program at compile-time?  something like:   file.txt:  This is a little text file  main.c:  #include <stdio.h> int main(void) {    #blackmagicinclude("file.txt", content)    /*    equiv: char[] content = "This is\na little\ntext file";    */    printf("%s", content); }    obtaining a little program that prints on stdout "This is a little text file"  At the moment I used an hackish python script, but it's butt-ugly and limited to only one variable name, can you tell me another way to do it?


I read in the book 'One two three infinity' by George Gamow that the cardinality of sets of all plane curves is greater than the number of real numbers and so it can be thought of as a strictly larger infinite crdinality $\aleph_2$. I wanted to know the reasoning or proof of this.

I am reading George Gamow's book  and a certain assertion Gamow makes seems a little startling considering what I already know of the subject of infinite cardinality.     But the number of all geometrical points, though larger than the number of integer and fractional numbers, is not the largest one known to mathematicians. In fact it was found the variety of all possible curves, including those of the most unusual shapes, has a larger membership than the collection of all geometric points, and thus has to be described by the third number in the infinite sequence. [Gamow, 22]   He later does explicitly say the number of all possible curves is $\aleph_2$. But nowhere else can I find reference to this being true, nor does he provide any sort of reasoning to its validity.  My question is how can you prove the set of all possible curves is of cardinality $\aleph_2$ and not $\aleph_1$ or $\aleph_0$?


I have a layer of polygons that are pretty detailed.  I need these to be more simple.  Is there a way to make this into a polygon with just the outer boundries?

Is it possible to smooth or generalize a polygon in QGIS, perhaps by using a plugin like the generalizer-plugin for lines?  I could convert my polygons to lines, smooth them and convert them back to polygons but this is not working for my polygons because of several reasons.


My understanding is that when some features have different ranges in their values (for example, imagine one feature being the age of a person and another one being their salary in USD) will affect negatively algorithms because the feature with bigger values will take more influence, is it a good practice to simply ALWAYS scale/normalize the data?  It looks to me that if the values are already similar among then, then normalizing them will have little effect, but if the values are very different normalization will help, however it feels too simple to be true :)  Am I missing something? Are there situations/algorithms were actually it is desirable to let some features to deliberately outweigh others?

In some literature, I have read that a regression with multiple explanatory variables, if in different units, needed to be standardized.  (Standardizing consists in subtracting the mean and dividing by the standard deviation.)  In which other cases do I need to standardize my data?  Are there cases in which I should only center my data (i.e., without dividing by standard deviation)?


#include<iostream.h> using namespace std; int main() {       float x=1.1;       if(x==1.1)          cout<<"yes";       else          cout<<"no";       return 0; }   I assign value 1.1 to x and checked value of x is 1.1 or not?

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


When transforming variables in a linear regression, be it log, square or some form of normalization, should one then do this to every variable in the regression or is it fine to transform just one variable why and why not?

When transforming variables, do you have to use all of the same transformation? For example, can I pick and choose differently transformed variables, as in:   Let, $x_1,x_2,x_3$ be age, length of employment, length of residence, and income.  Y = B1*sqrt(x1) + B2*-1/(x2) + B3*log(x3)   Or, must you be consistent with your transforms and use all of the same? As in:   Y = B1*log(x1) + B2*log(x2) + B3*log(x3)    My understanding is that the goal of transformation is to address the problem of normality. Looking at histograms of each variable we can see that they present very different distributions, which would lead me to believe that the transformations required are different on a variable by variable basis.   ## R Code df <- read.spss(file="http://www.bertelsen.ca/R/logistic-regression.sav",                  use.value.labels=T, to.data.frame=T) hist(df[1:7])      Lastly, how valid is it to transform variables using $\log(x_n + 1)$ where $x_n$ has $0$ values? Does this transform need to be consistent across all variables or is it used adhoc even for those variables which do not include $0$'s?  ## R Code  plot(df[1:7])


When he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed   him.   This is the quote from KJV Bible. I am doubted why to say "he was come down". I felt "he came down" is more proper grammatically.  Be + Verb in pp form is usually a passive voice which seems irrelevant in this context. However, I did hear a lot native English speakers say 'he was come down', 'are you agree with me?', etc. Is this usage correct?

In the King James version of the Bible there is a verse like this:     The Lord is my strength, and my fortress, and my song. And He is become my salvation.   Is it still feasible to use "is become" instead of "has become" and what is the semantic difference?


it is the first time I write in this site, and it happens that when I compile the bibliography with Bibtex I get a strange result in some references. As you can see in the following picture, in the place where the author's name should appear, it simply displays a line.  The output of the command seems to be correct, no warnings or errors: Proceso iniciado: bibtex.exe "TAI_template"  This is BibTeX, Version 0.99d (MiKTeX 20.12) The top-level auxiliary file: TAI_template.aux The style file: IEEEtran.bst Database file #1: IEEEabrv.bib Database file #2: Ref_Act4_19_20.bib -- IEEEtran.bst version 1.14 (2015/08/26) by Michael Shell. -- http://www.michaelshell.org/tex/ieeetran/bibtex/ -- See the "IEEEtran_bst_HOWTO.pdf" manual for usage information.  Done.  El proceso terminó normalmente  But most puzzling of all is that basically the entries are the same, only the title changes, but reference number 54 is correct, while 55-58 are wrong. This is ref. 54: @Book{BrownleeML,   author    = {Jason Brownlee},   editor    = {Jason Brownlee},   publisher = {Jason Brownlee},   title     = {{Machine Learning Mastery with Python: Understand Your Data, Create Accurate Models and Work Projects End-to-end}},   year      = {2016},   edition   = {First},   url       = {https://books.google.es/books?id=0t-NAQAACAAJ}, }  And this is ref. 55: @Book{BrownleeDL,   author    = {Jason Brownlee},   editor    = {Jason Brownlee},   publisher = {Jason Brownlee},   title     = {{Deep Learning With Python. Develop Deep Learning Models on Theano and TensorFlow Using Keras}},   year      = {2016},   edition   = {First},   url       = {https://machinelearningmastery.com/deep-learning-with-python/}, }  Could this be a bug? Or, maybe I'm doing something wrong? Nothing like this has ever happened to me. And the most similar question I could find didn't help me (). Can anyone have any ideas? If it helps, I am using Windows (Miktex), with TeXstudio as editor and Jabref as reference manager. Thanks.

In my .bib file, I have two entries with exactly the same author names:  @article{Seshadrinathan2010A-Subjective-St,     Author = {K. Seshadrinathan and R. Soundararajan and A. C. Bovik and L. K. Cormack}, ....  @article{Seshadrinathan2009Study-of-Subjec,     Author = {K. Seshadrinathan and R. Soundararajan and A. C. Bovik and L. K. Cormack}, ....   When cited after each other, and typeset with the IEEEtran bibliography style, the .bbl file reads:  \bibitem{Seshadrinathan2010A-Subjective-St} K.~Seshadrinathan, R.~Soundararajan, A.~C. Bovik, and L.~K. Cormack, ``A   subjective study to evaluate video quality assessment algorithms,''   \emph{SPIE Proceedings Human Vision and Electronic Imaging}, 2010.  \bibitem{Seshadrinathan2009Study-of-Subjec} ------, ``Study of subjective and objective quality assessment of video,''   \emph{IEEE Transactions on Image Processing}, 2009.   As you can see, the author names have been replaced with ------. It looks like this in the final PDF:    Is this normal behavior?


I would like to ...   decrease the font size -> solved with  and reduce the indent for the second line (numbers 11,13 and 13) -> solved with    This is the code I'm using :  \documentclass{article} \usepackage[paperwidth=140mm,paperheight=210mm,top=25mm,bottom=20mm,left=20mm,right=20mm]{geometry} \usepackage{kantlipsum} \usepackage[xindy]{imakeidx}  \makeindex[columns=2, title=Indeks]  \begin{document}  \kant[1-2] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \kant[3-6] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \kant[7-9] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \kant[10-13] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \kant[14-17] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \kant[18-21] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \kant[22-25] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something, Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} is writing something,  \kant[26-29] Demetrius\index{Demetrius} is writing something Dhimitër\index{Dhimitër} finished writing.  \printindex  \end{document}   And this is the result :

I know I can change the index font size combining the imakeidx package with the idxlayout package like this:  \usepackage{imakeidx} \usepackage[font=footnotesize]{idxlayout}   However I was wondering if it was possible to use just the imakeidx package (maybe with the othercode key of the \indexsetup command).


I wish to center the 1 in the following LaTeX code:  \begin{align*} v'(k,\CS)= \begin{cases}     \displaystyle\frac{G_{max}(k){-}q_k'(CS)}{G_{max}(k){-}\Gmin(k)} & \text{if }G_{max}(k) {\neq} G_{min}(k) \\     1                                                                &  \text{if }G_{max}(k) {=}G_{min}(k) \end{cases} \end{align*}   The image of the LaTeX is shown below:

I have this text in LaTeX:  $$ sgn(x)= \begin{cases}    -1 & \mbox{za podmínky } x>0\\     0 & \mbox{za podmínky } x=0\\     1 & \mbox{za podmínky } x>0 \end{cases} $$     But I would like to move the "0" and "1" more to the right. I need to move these numbers just below "1", not to have it below "-".


I check the file extension for upload or not uploaded. My example methods worked, but now I need to understand if my methods (using pathinfo) is true. Is there another better and faster way?  $filename = $_FILES['video_file']['name']; $ext = pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_EXTENSION); if ($ext !== 'gif' || $ext !== 'png' || $ext !== 'jpg') {     echo 'error'; }

This is a question you can read everywhere on the web with various answers:  $ext = end(explode('.', $filename)); $ext = substr(strrchr($filename, '.'), 1); $ext = substr($filename, strrpos($filename, '.') + 1); $ext = preg_replace('/^.*\.([^.]+)$/D', '$1', $filename);  $exts = split("[/\\.]", $filename); $n    = count($exts)-1; $ext  = $exts[$n];   etc.  However, there is always "the best way" and it should be on Stack Overflow.


A friend from work asked me why he should write meetings room, instead of meeting room. For him it made more sense to use the plural word meetings as several meetings were held in that place. I know it is meeting room, but could not explain him the difference. I would like to know if meetings room is correct or not.

Sorry for the title, it is not very evident and intuitive but I really do not how to tell it better...  Well, you know, several times, or better, many times, we use this form:  If I want to say:      "development of special weapons was   the first point in Hitler's   program..."   I will say this (a better form):      "special weapon development was..."   OK...  is it      "special weapon development"   or      "special weapons development" (note   the plural...)   what's the grammar rule in order to understand how to use this very used form?


My PC is affected with a worm which actually launches my browser with some random URL. My thinking is it is residing in some startup script or Registry. Can someone suggest how I can detect and remove this malware?  OS: Windows 7 Pro

What should I do if my Windows computer seems to be infected with a virus or malware?  What are the symptoms of an infection? What should I do after noticing an infection? What can I do to get rid of it? how to prevent from infection by malware?   This question comes up frequently, and the suggested solutions are usually the same. This community wiki is an attempt to serve as the definitive, most comprehensive answer possible. Feel free to add your contributions via edits.


I'm using Metropolis-Hastings algorithm to evaluate the posterior distribution of the parameters of a hierarchial Bayesian model. What is considered a healthy acceptance rate for the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm? Should the hyperparameters and parameters have the same acceptance rate? Or should they be different?   I particularly want to know whether there should be a difference in the acceptance rates of parameters and hyperparameters.

When running the Metropolis-Hastings algorithm with uniform candidate distributions, what is the rationale of having acceptance rates around 20%?   My thinking is: once the true (or close to true) parameter values are discovered, then no new set of candidate parameter values from the same uniform interval would increase the value of the likelihood function. Therefore, the more iterations I run, the lower the acceptance rates I should get.   Where am I wrong in this thinking? Many thanks!  Here is the illustration of my calculations:  $$Acceptance\_rate =  \exp \{l(\theta_c|y) + \log(p(\theta_c)) - [l(\theta^*|y) + \log(p(\theta^*) ]\},$$  where $l$ is the log-likelihood.  As $\theta$ candidates are always taken from the same uniform interval,  $$p(\theta_c) = p(\theta^*).$$  Therefore acceptance rate calculation shrinks down to:  $$Acceptance\_rate = \exp \{l(\theta_c | y) - [l(\theta^* | y) ]\}$$  The acceptance rule of $\theta_c$ is then as follows:  If $U \le Acceptance\_rate $, where $U$ is draw from uniform distribution in interval $[0,1]$, then  $$\theta^* = \theta_c,$$  else draw $\theta_c$ from uniform distribution in interval $[\theta_{min}, \theta_{max}]$


I'm having a bit of difficulty understanding $F$-related vector fields. I think I understand conceptually what's going on (taking a vector field on a manifold $M$ and getting a smooth vector field on $N$ by applying the differential of a map), but I'm having trouble applying the concept.  For example, here's a problem (8.14 in Lee's Smooth Manifolds textbook)  Let $M,N$ be smooth manifolds with or without boundary and let $f:M\to N$ be a smooth map. Define $F:M\to M\times N$ by $F(x)=(x,f(x))$. Show that for each vector field $X$ on $M$, there is a smooth vector field $Y$ on $M\times N$ which is $F$ related to $X$.  Now, I see that $F$ is the graph of $f$, and so $F(M)$ is closed in $M\times N$, and there's a proposition in Lee which says that if we have a smooth vector field on a closed subset, we can extend it to a smooth vector field on the whole manifold. However, I'm really not sure where to go. I see that $F(M)\subset M\times N$ is an embedded manifold, so we have slice charts, but I'm struggling to see how to construct this $Y$.

I am reading Lee's book on Differential geometry. In Chapter 4, Lee has this exercise.  Let $M$, $N$ be smooth manifolds, and let $f:M\to N$ be a smooth map. Define $F : M\to M \times N$ by $F(x) = (x, f(x) )$. Show that for every smooth vector field $V$ of $M$ , there is a smooth vector field on $W$ on $M \times N$ that is $F$-related to $V$.  I can understand that we must have $W_{(x,f(x))}=V_x\oplus Df(x)V_p$ for all $x\in M.$ The set $\{(x,f(x)):x\in M\}$ is a closed set in $M\times N.$ Therefore, if we can show that for all $(p,f(p))\in M\times N$ there is a neighbourhood $U_p$ and a smooth vector field on $U_p$ extending $V_x\oplus Df(x)V_x$ we are done by partition of unity. But I cannot show that. Can someone help me out?


I applied on the 11th October for a visitor visa to the UK. Today, my passport was returned and the visa refused. I'm a Russian national, living in Greece for the last 18 years, have a permanent residence card, own my home. On my application, I provided:  6 months payslips Employer statement that I work there for 2 years, plus the monthly income Tax Status of 2015 (showing my house, taxes, and annual income for 2015) Personal statement of mine that I get paid in cash from my job (which is allowed in Greece) Bank statement of my bank balance (I have stated that this is my savings account and didn't provide bank statements covering 6 months for that reason). Phone bill showing my property and in my name. Permament residence card copy. Invitation by my girlfriend stating I will stay for 4 days at a hotel  I have been refused with the following reason:  As evidence of your own funds and financial circumstances you have submitted a bank account in your own name which shows a closing balance of 1,040 Euro. However, whilst I have considered the documents submitted I'm not satisfied that you have sufficiently demonstrated the origin of the funds." I'm not satisfied that you have sufficiently demonstrated your personal circumstances and funds or that you can be relied upon to meet the conditions of visit entry clearance. I'm not satisfied that you intend to leave the UK at the end of your visit. I am not satisfied that you have sufficient funds available to cover your costs whilst in the UK without working or using public funds.  Please note I have applied only to stay for 4 days as my girlfriend moved to Sheffield to study at the university. I have stated that my maximum visit would be 4 days per month due to work, house duties and having a pet. I don't know how to move forward from now on or what to show as evidence, as if I get my 6 months bank statements there are only small deposits by me and internet purchases. Any help would be appreciated.

I have applied recently for a general visitor visa to the UK to spend 10 days during Christmas with my British unmarried partner and it has been turned down.   The Entry Clearance Officer stated on his refusal notice the following:     I note that you have never previously travelled to the UK or any country with similar immigration requirements and you therefore do not have a history of travel and compliance to consider.      You have submitted an employment letter to confirm your occupation in KSA but I am required to also assess your personal, domestic and economic circumstances in determining whether you are genuine visitor travelling to the UK for the period and purpose you state.      You claim an income of SAR ........ per month which equal ........ GBP and from the evidence submitted this appears to be your sole source of income.   I note that this monthly income is reflected on your bank statements. However, the bank statement you have presented show a recent large deposit that are in excess of your stated income and inconsistent with the account history. You haven't provided evidence toward the origin of this recent deposit and in the absence of reasonable evidence I am not satisfied that these bank statements accurately reflect your personal circumstances.      In view of the above, I am not satisfied you have demonstrated that your circumstances are as you claim and therefore I am not satisfied that you're travelling to the UK for the period and purpose you stated. 41(i)and(ii).   Its true that I have deposited that sum of money right before I apply and it was a commission I received from work earlier this month.   So, could you please give me your advice on the above as I am planning to apply again soon. and how to avoid my application being refused again?


Suppose I have matrices $A,B\in\mathrm{Mat}_n(\mathbf{R})$ which are conjugate in $\mathrm{Mat}_n(\mathbf{C})$ in the sense that there is $S\in\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbf{C})$ with $A=SBS^{-1}$. Then is it possible to choose $S$ with this property and $S\in\mathrm{GL}_n(\mathbf{R})$?  this fact is claimed in the answers to

Given a field $F$ and a subfield $K$ of $F$. Let $A$, $B$ be $n\times n$ matrices such that all the entries of $A$ and $B$ are in $K$. Is it true that if $A$ is similar to $B$ in $F^{n\times n}$ then they are similar in $K^{n\times n}$?   Any help ... thanks!


I am trying to shoot an arrow at a target with a 100% success rate.  Given the initial force applied to the arrow, the gravity, the location of the archer, and the location of the target, how can I do this in Unity?  I have read , and it contains the equation I am using:    However, this is only accurate when I am at the maximum distance from the object given its power.  (Above the maximum distance means that the arrow cannot reach the target.)  The closer I move to the target, the less accurate the arrow shot becomes, as it travels past the target.  The angle is increased resulting in the arrow traveling a shorter distance as I'd expect, but it is not increased by enough.  The script spawns an arrow (a simple sphere) and launches it towards a target.  It fires once per second, but the closer to the target the archer is, the more inaccurate the arrow is.  The case of the archer being too far from the arrow is not handled, but that is not my concern right now.  using UnityEngine; using System.Collections;  public class Archer : MonoBehaviour {     public GameObject arrow; //Simple 3D Sphere     public GameObject target; //Simple 3D Cube     public float power = 25.0f;     public Vector3 aim;      private void Start()     {         StartCoroutine(ShootArrows());     }      private IEnumerator ShootArrows()     {         while (true)         {             yield return new WaitForSeconds(1.0f);             Vector3 spawnPosition = new Vector3(transform.position.x, transform.position.y, transform.position.z);             GameObject arrowInstance = Instantiate(arrow, spawnPosition, Quaternion.identity) as GameObject;             arrowInstance.GetComponent<Rigidbody>().AddForce(Aim() * power, ForceMode.VelocityChange);         }     }      private Vector3 Aim()     {         float xAim = target.transform.position.x - transform.position.x;         float yAim = Mathf.Rad2Deg * Mathf.Atan(((Mathf.Pow(power, 2) + Mathf.Sqrt((Mathf.Pow(power, 4) - (-Physics.gravity.y) * (-Physics.gravity.y * Mathf.Pow(HorizontalDistance(), 2) + 2 * VerticalDistance() * Mathf.Pow(power, 2))))) / -Physics.gravity.y * HorizontalDistance()));         float zAim = target.transform.position.z - transform.position.z;         Vector3 aim = new Vector3(xAim, yAim, zAim).normalized;         return aim;     }      private float HorizontalDistance()     {         float xDistance = target.transform.position.x - transform.position.x;         float zDistance = target.transform.position.z - transform.position.z;         float distance = Mathf.Sqrt(Mathf.Pow(xDistance, 2) + Mathf.Pow(zDistance, 2));         return distance;     }      private float VerticalDistance()     {         return Mathf.Abs(target.transform.position.y - transform.position.y);     } }   My best guess is that I am using the equation correctly, but I am plugging the angle into Unity wrong.  Why is my script giving me inaccurate results?

I am trying to launch an object at a target, given its position, its target position, the launch speed, and the gravity.  I am following this formula from :  $$ \theta = arctan \bigg( \frac{v^2 \pm \sqrt{v^4-g(gx^2 + 2yv^2)}}{gx} \bigg) $$  I have simplified the code to the best of my ability, but I still cannot consistently hit the target.  I am only considering the taller trajectory, of the two available from the +- choice in the formula.  Does anyone know what I am doing wrong?  using UnityEngine;  public class Launcher : MonoBehaviour {     public float speed = 10.0f;      void Start()     {         Launch(GameObject.Find("Target").transform);     }      public void Launch(Transform target)     {         float angle = GetAngle(transform.position, target.position, speed, -Physics2D.gravity.y);         var forceToAdd = new Vector2(Mathf.Cos(angle), Mathf.Sin(angle)) * speed;         GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>().AddForce(forceToAdd, ForceMode2D.Impulse);     }      private float GetAngle(Vector2 origin, Vector2 destination, float speed, float gravity)     {         float angle = 0.0f;          //Labeling variables to match formula         float x = Mathf.Abs(destination.x - origin.x);         float y = Mathf.Abs(destination.y - origin.y);         float v = speed;         float g = gravity;          //Formula seen above         float valueToBeSquareRooted = Mathf.Pow(v, 4) - g * (g * Mathf.Pow(x, 2) + 2 * y * Mathf.Pow(v, 2));         if (valueToBeSquareRooted >= 0)         {             angle = Mathf.Atan((Mathf.Pow(v, 2) + Mathf.Sqrt(valueToBeSquareRooted)) / g * x);         }         else         {             //Destination is out of range         }          return angle;     } }


I assigned several bootstrap tooltips to some span elements.  I use this javascript / jquery code:  function tooltip() {  $('.tooltipelement').tooltip({  trigger: 'click',  title:loadtranslation  }); }  function loadtranslation() {  var id = $(this).attr("data-id");  $.post("ajax.php",{"mode" : "w1", "id" : id},function(data){     return "x";  });             }   It doesn't work: The tooltip is not shown. If I skip the ajax request like this:  function loadtranslation() {     return "x";         }   The tooltip is shown and "x" is displayed. It is not a failure on the ajax request, because I even don't evaluate the result but just return "x" as well. I guess there is a kind of time-out issue (ajax request takes several milliseconds - mayto too long for the tooltip function?)

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


If you don't give iptables a target, it simply counts how many bytes and packets match the rule. I'd like to count all packets that come from outside, i.e. don't match 10.0.0.0/8 and don't match 192.168.0.0/16.  My first intuition is:  iptables -A INPUT ! -s 10.0.0.0/8,192.168.0.0/16   However this adds two rules, of which each count separately, and no count of outside packets is discernible. So how do I count outside packets?

I have entered iptables rules to log a specific connection on our server, but it doesn't seem to be working as I want it to. Here are the rules:  1    LOG        tcp  -- !10.51.0.0/16         0.0.0.0/0           state NEW    tcp dpt:8040 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix `New Connection_8040TCP: ' 2    LOG        tcp  -- !192.168.0.0/16       0.0.0.0/0           state NEW tcp dpt:8040 LOG flags 0 level 4 prefix `New Connection_8040TCP: '   Iptables should log only IP connections which are not in the specified networks, but it keeps logging all connections from all IP addresses.


Currently, I am running Ubuntu 18.04.03 on a 1TB hard drive and I would like to move Ubuntu to my 256 GB SSD for booting. I would like to put some files on the SSD and keep some on the HDD as well. Furthermore, I would like to keep Windows on the HDD. What is the best way of doing this process? (There is nothing on the SSD that I would need to keep.)  EDIT: There is also a copy of windows on the SSD. I would like to copy over Windows to the HDD before I format the SSD.  Below is an image of my disk partitions in Gparted.   Here is the output of fdisk -l (the part about partitions).  Disk /dev/sda: 931.5 GiB, 1000204886016 bytes, 1953525168 sectors Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disklabel type: gpt Disk identifier: 20382797-872E-40E8-8700-5D36162941E6  Device          Start        End   Sectors   Size Type /dev/sda1        2048     534527    532480   260M EFI System /dev/sda2      534528     796671    262144   128M Microsoft reserved /dev/sda3      796672  964498167 963701496 459.5G Microsoft basic data /dev/sda4  1887537152 1889585151   2048000  1000M Windows recovery environment /dev/sda5  1889585152 1952499711  62914560    30G Windows recovery environment /dev/sda6  1952499712 1953421311    921600   450M Lenovo boot partition /dev/sda7   964499456 1887537151 923037696 440.1G Linux filesystem   Here is the output of df.  Filesystem     1K-blocks      Used Available Use% Mounted on udev             6099764         0   6099764   0% /dev tmpfs            1224388      2036   1222352   1% /run /dev/sda7      453224936 113265440 316867172  27% / tmpfs            6121936    217288   5904648   4% /dev/shm tmpfs               5120         4      5116   1% /run/lock tmpfs            6121936         0   6121936   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/loop0          1024      1024         0 100% /snap/gnome-logs/73 /dev/loop4          1024      1024         0 100% /snap/gnome-logs/61 /dev/loop1         67584     67584         0 100% /snap/discord/93 /dev/loop5        144128    144128         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/92 /dev/loop6        153600    153600         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/71 /dev/loop8        150912    150912         0 100% /snap/obs-studio/604 /dev/loop11        36224     36224         0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1198 /dev/loop20         4224      4224         0 100% /snap/gnome-calculator/406 /dev/loop13         3840      3840         0 100% /snap/gnome-system-monitor/95 /dev/loop14        15104     15104         0 100% /snap/gnome-characters/317 /dev/loop9         55808     55808         0 100% /snap/core18/1144 /dev/loop16       144128    144128         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-26-1604/90 /dev/loop19         4352      4352         0 100% /snap/gnome-calculator/501 /dev/loop17         3840      3840         0 100% /snap/gnome-system-monitor/100 /dev/loop18        15104     15104         0 100% /snap/gnome-characters/296 /dev/loop2        153600    153600         0 100% /snap/gnome-3-28-1804/67 /dev/loop7         43904     43904         0 100% /snap/gtk-common-themes/1313 /dev/loop10        55808     55808         0 100% /snap/core18/1098 /dev/loop12        90880     90880         0 100% /snap/core/7396 /dev/loop15        91264     91264         0 100% /snap/core/7713 /dev/loop3        151552    151552         0 100% /snap/obs-studio/525 /dev/sda1         262144     33892    228252  13% /boot/efi tmpfs            1224384        12   1224372   1% /run/user/124 tmpfs            1224384        28   1224356   1% /run/user/1001

My current situation is:   One hard disk Dual boot Ubuntu 11.04 and Windows 7. Partitions:  100MB Windows System thingy 144GB Main Windows 160GB Ubuntu 4GB Swap 12GB System Restore stuff    Now I want to install an 80GB SSD and move Ubuntu to it. AFAIK I need to:   Shrink the 160GB Ubuntu partition to 80GB Copy it over to the SSD Change fstab to mount the SSD as /   How do I do the second? And what do I need to do about Grub?


Let $ x $ and $ y $ be two positive integers. Prove that $$(xy+1) | (x^2+y^2)\;\implies \frac{x^2+y^2}{xy+1}\;\text{ is a perfect square}$$ I assumed there exists $ k\in \Bbb N $ such that $$x^2+y^2-k(xy+1)=0$$ or $$x^2-kyx+y^2-k=0$$ i said that the discriminant $$\Delta=k^2y^2+4k-4y^2$$ must satisfy $$\sqrt{\Delta}\in \Bbb N$$ but it seems to complicate . Thanks in advance.

In 1988, IMO presented a problem, to prove that $k$ must be a square if $a^2+b^2=k(1+ab)$, for positive integers $a$, $b$ and $k$. I am wondering about the solutions, not obvious from the proof.  Beside the trivial solutions a or $b=0$ or 1 with $k=0$ or $1$, an obvious solution is $a=b^3$ so that the equation becomes $b^6+b^2=b^2(1+b^4)$ . Are there any other solutions?


I received this question for a Statistics / Machine Learning assignment and I'd like to you if any of you know the proper answer.  If we have n data points, what is the probability that a given data point does not appear in a bootstrap sample?  Sounds simple enough right? I'm reading Introduction to Statistical Learning to try and find the solution but I would definitely appreciate some help

I have run across the assertion that each bootstrap sample (or bagged tree) will contain on average approximately $2/3$ of the observations.   I understand that the chance of not being selected in any of $n$ draws from $n$ samples with replacement is $(1- 1/n)^n$, which works out to approximately $1/3$ chance of not being selected.   What is a mathematical explanation for why this formula always gives $\approx 1/3$ ?


Is there some introspection method allowing to reliably obtain the underlying data structure of an object instance, that is unaffected by any customizations? In Python 3 an object's low-level implementation can be deeply obscured: Attribute lookup can be customized, and even the __dict__ and __slots__ attributes may not give a full picture, as they are writeable. dir() is explicitly meant to show "interesting" attributes rather than actual attributes, and even the inspect module doesn't seem to provide such functionality. Not a duplicate. This question has been flagged as duplicate of . However, that other question only talks about the standard ways of introspecting classes, which here are explicitly listed as not reliable on a lower level. As an example consider the following script with an intentionally obscured class. import inspect  actual_members = None  # <- For showing the actual contents later.  class ObscuredClass:     def __init__(self):         global actual_members         actual_members = dict()         self.__dict__ = actual_members         self.actual_field = "actual_value"     def __getattribute__(self, name):         if name == "__dict__":             return { "fake_field": "fake value - shown in __dict__" }         else:             return "fake_value - shown in inspect.getmembers()"  obj = ObscuredClass() print(f"{actual_members          = }") print(f"{dir(obj)                = }") print(f"{obj.__dict__            = }") print(f"{inspect.getmembers(obj) = }")  which produces the output actual_members          = {'actual_field': 'actual_value'} dir(obj)                = ['fake_field'] obj.__dict__            = {'fake_field': 'fake value - shown in __dict__'} inspect.getmembers(obj) = [('fake_field', 'fake_value - shown in inspect.getmembers()')]

So what I'm looking for here is something like PHP's  function.  This is so I can debug my scripts by seeing what's the state of the object in question.


When I execute apt-get update I get the following error:  E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (13: Permission denied) E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/ E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?   How do I resolve this?

I get this error whenever I try to install programs using the terminal:  home@ubuntu:~$ apt-get install myunity E: Could not open lock file /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (13: Permission denied) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), are you root?   Also I'm unable to install updates using the terminal.


In all the sources I’ve been able to find, the Minkowski metric appears ad hoc, or is defined analogously to the euclidean metric. I’d love to see an argument why this metric (time coordinates positive, space coordinates negative) must follow from the constancy of the speed of light. It is clear that the Minkowski metric is preserved under the hyperbolic transformation of space-time, but likely others are as well. Why this particular metric and not something else.  Consider the determinant function of an n by n matrix. It has a god awful mathematical form involving the sum of n ! terms. Yet all you need to get the (unique) formula are a few postulates — the determinant of the identity matrix is 1, the determinant is a linear function of its rows (or its columns), interchanging any two rows of the determinant reverses the sign of the determinant, etc. etc. This basically determines the (unique) formula of the determinant. I’d really like to see the Minkowski metric come out of something like that.

That the speed of light is constant for all inertial frames is the second postulate of special relativity but this does not means that nothing can travel faster than light.   so is it possible the point that nothing can travel faster than light was wrong?


I am a newbie on Ubuntu. here are the details  Output of lspci:  00:00.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RC410 Host Bridge (rev 01) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RC4xx/RS4xx PCI Bridge [int gfx] 00:04.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RC4xx/RS4xx PCI Express Port 1 00:06.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RC4xx/RS4xx PCI Express Port 3 00:07.0 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RC4xx/RS4xx PCI Express Port 4 00:12.0 SATA controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 Non-Raid-5 SATA 00:13.0 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 USB (OHCI0) 00:13.1 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 USB (OHCI1) 00:13.2 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 USB (OHCI2) 00:13.3 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 USB (OHCI3) 00:13.4 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 USB (OHCI4) 00:13.5 USB controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 USB Controller (EHCI) 00:14.0 SMBus: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SBx00 SMBus Controller (rev 13) 00:14.1 IDE interface: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 IDE 00:14.2 Audio device: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA) 00:14.3 ISA bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SB600 PCI to LPC Bridge 00:14.4 PCI bridge: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] SBx00 PCI to PCI Bridge 01:05.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] RC410M [Mobility Radeon Xpress 200M] 02:00.0 Network controller: Broadcom Corporation BCM4311 802.11b/g WLAN (rev 01) 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Qualcomm Atheros Attansic L2 Fast Ethernet (rev a0)   Output of sudo lshw -c network:  *-network                       description: Network controller        product: BCM4311 802.11b/g WLAN        vendor: Broadcom Corporation        physical id: 0        bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0        version: 01        width: 32 bits        clock: 33MHz        capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list        configuration: driver=wl latency=0        resources: irq:16 memory:fe9fc000-fe9fffff   *-network        description: Ethernet interface        product: Attansic L2 Fast Ethernet        vendor: Qualcomm Atheros        physical id: 0        bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0        logical name: eth0        version: a0        serial: 00:1e:8c:d2:95:ff        capacity: 100Mbit/s        width: 64 bits        clock: 33MHz        capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vpd bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation        configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=atl2 driverversion=2.2.3 firmware=L2 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair        resources: irq:40 memory:feac0000-feafffff memory:feaa0000-feabffff

I'm having serious problems installing the Broadcom drivers for Ubuntu. It worked perfectly on my previous version, but now, it is impossible.   What are the steps to install Broadcom wireless drivers for a BCM43xx card?  I'm a user with no advance knowledge in Linux, so I would need clear explanations on how to make, compile, etc.    lspci -vnn | grep Network showed:   Broadcom Corporation BCM4322 802.11a/b/g/n Wireless LAN Controller [14e4:432b]      iwconfig showed:  lo        no wireless extensions. eth0      no wireless extensions.   NOTE: Answer below is updated every time new information is added and confirmed working.


A question, that bugs me since a long time already, are sentences like "in the first second after the big bang". The problem that I have, is that time measurements would need an observer, which in turn perceives time in relative way; in order to make the measurements meaningful, an inertial system containing the universe and the observer would be required and my question is, what that reference system is, resp. whether I misunderstood something.

Consider the following statement:     Hadron Epoch, from $10^{-6}$ seconds to $1$ second: The temperature of the   universe cools to about a trillion degrees, cool enough to allow   quarks to combine to form hadrons (like protons and neutrons).   What does it mean to say "from $10^{-6}$ seconds to $1$ second"?   How is time being measured?  One particle might feel just $10^{-20}\ \mathrm s$ having passed and another could feel $10^{-10}\ \mathrm s$ having passed.   Is saying "1 second after the big bang" a meaningful statement?


I am currently working on a hydrology project where I am trying to break a stream network into 250m segments.  The problem is that the streams are not all adjacent, as I have clipped the NHD file to include only perennial streams in my watershed.  What I have been doing is taking these different, unconnected line features and merging them into one stream using editor.  I then have been using the "divide line by length" add in found here: .    What this tool is doing however is spliting the whole set into 250m segments, but not necessarily keeping the new segments adjacent to each other.  The tool is combining segments that do not measure up to 250m with portions of other lines that also do not add up, but on totally unconnected streams.    I have also tried to use the split tool in editor.  I have been splitting by distance (250m), but it is only creating one new feature of that length, not breaking it up the entire merged stream.

Is there a method to split thousands of polylines by employing a tool like the "Editor" - "Split" method and using distance, in ArcGIS?      When I utilize the "split" - "distance" tool (fig1), it only splits one section leaving the remainder unsplit (fig2).    I have attempted the "COGO" tool - using "Proportion", and can utilize the "duplicate" button to assign the remainder of segments which seems like a viable option.  But I would like to find some way to automate this process.  Has anyone found a method to do this?  Or is Python (coding) the only way?  I am trying to split over 2000 lines into equal distance segments (fig 3) of ~600m. Each segment will have its angle measured, and will ultimately result in a rose diagram representing angular statistics.  The distance of each segment is important in my splitting regime (a long line will have a greater representation of a particular angle on my rose diagram than the neighboring shorter line segments).  I currently am using ArcGIS 10.2 with an advanced user license.


I'm trying to make a crafting recipe for xp bottles in Minecraft 1.13. I've made the recipe, and I've got a command block that removes xp when you craft it:  /experience add @a[scores={xp=1}] -7 points    The xp objective is simply minecraft.crafted:minecraft.experience_bottle Another command block removes the score afterwards I'm removing 7 points because 1 bottle gives between 3 and 11 points so I took the rough average as a compromise   Now I'm trying to figure out how to stop people from doing it when they have no xp. I was thinking a system that removes the xp bottle from your inventory after crafting if you don't have any xp, but I don't know how to go about it. Any suggestions?

I'm trying to build a datapack that lets you craft xp bottles from glass bottles at the expense of 7 xp per bottle (because they drop 3 to 11 xp so the average is 7). I have almost everything working except for a check for if they have too little xp. If they have 7 or less xp, I would like to remove one bottle of enchanting from their inventory and give them one glass bottle, because the function for removing xp is called after they've crafted one and a scoreboard has counted it. My remove function currently looks like this:  #create dummy scoreboard to multiply bottles crafted by seven to get xp to be removed scoreboard objectives add 7xp dummy scoreboard players set @s 7xp -7 scoreboard players operation @s xpCrafted *= @s 7xp  #how do I get the value in xpCrafted into the command to remove xp? xp add @s -7 points  #cleanup scoreboard players reset xpCrafted scoreboard players reset 7xp scoreboard players set @e xpCrafted 0 scoreboard objectives remove 7xp   And my tick function like this:  execute as @e[scores={xpCrafted=1..}] at @s run function craft_xp:removexp   As the inline comment says, how do I get that value in xpCrafted into my xp removing command, and also how should I check to make sure the player has enough xp for the operation in the tick command (or elsewhere)? Presumably I would run a different command to remove the extra bottle if they didn't have enough xp, but I don't know how because there doesn't seem to be any type of if/else structure in commands. Finally, should a question like this be in two different questions or is one ok on this forum?


I just received a 3D model including one obj and two tga files that are generated in 3dx Max.  When I import the obj file into Blender, obviously I cannot see the texture details provided by tga files.  The obj file contains a line referring to an mtl file with the same name which does not exist.  How can I convert texture information of tga files such that I can import and see them in blender?  I've read somewhere that I should convert tga file into png or jpg format.  Then what?  Thanks,

I used node textures in a mesh I exported to .FBX.  I then imported it into Unreal Engine 4 and it didn't import any textures; I clicked the Upload Textures option in Unreal Engine.  Is there something I'm doing wrong or is it Blender?


Let us consider space $R = \mathbb{R}^{\mathbb{N}}$ of infinite sequences of real numbers. I have to prove two claims:   Let $a_i=(0,0,\ldots,1,0,0,\ldots)$; $1$ at i-th place. Then $B=\cup_{i=1}^{\infty}a_i$ is not a basis of $R$. It can proved with the Zorn lemma that there is basis in $R$. Prove that there is no countable basis in $R$.   My attempt:   Let us consider sequence $A=(1, 1, \ldots)$ (all $1$). Since linear combination is by definition finite then it is clear that we can not express $A$ as finite linear combination of sequences from $B$, because any linear combination of sequences from $B$ would have only finite number of nonzero elements. Well, honestly I do not know to solve this. I think we should do something like this - assume that there is countable basis $B'$. Then we should construct a sequence that does not belong to $\operatorname{span}(B')$ explicitly or use some set-theoretic theorems about cardinalities that $\operatorname{span}(B')$ has smaller size compared to $R$. However while I am pretty sure about the approach we should take, I do not see how to execute it.   So my questions are:   Is $1$ is correct/make sense? How to approach $2$?   Thanks a lot for your time!

Given vector space $V$ over $\mathbb R$ such that the elements of $V$ are infinite-tuples. How to show that any basis of it is uncountable?


I have a circuit that is modular and one of the modules involves interfacing from an external relay.  Now this sub-module has a fuse set to blow a bit below what the main module's max current. (why put a fuse when the main module has over current protection? So that when this sub module fails it wont take the whole system down with it) This sub modules can cater upto 24 external relays and in the image below i will be showing how one channel is setup  What i would like to protect is the fuse from blowing from a false short circuit(not really false, since it is doing its job) in the cenario that the user might incorrectly wire the connection and shorts pin A and pin B. I need a current limiting solution so that the fuse wont blow up and the user of the sub module can rewire and try again.    The circuit is designed to trigger one relay at a time, a signal will be sent by a portexpander(not shown in picture) to the bs138 mosfet to open. the signal typically last around 250ms - 1000ms.   I have considered a polyfuse but it to slow to react the main module protection will trip first. Another is adding a resistor in series with the relay line but it is either a bulky high watt rated resistor or a high value resistor that might not make the relay trigger because of voltage drop.  there is also the problem since there is a short the power to the sub-micro controller will be cut, so this protection circuit i am looking for would probably happen in either series or parallel of the connection for the external relay   I need current limiting solution between pin A and pin B so that when A and B is shorted by the user and the mosfet turns on the fuse wont blow   how do you recommend to solve this problem, Thank you.

I will be turning a relay on from my circuit by sending a signal 500ms to 1000ms long, and i am trying to protect against poor wiring or faulty relay from the user that causes a short circuit on the relay which could blow the fuse on the module  The power supply is rated for 2A and the fuse on the module is rated for 1A. I would like to create a protection that even if there is some short circuit on the relay output the fuse cannot blow,  My solution was to add a resistor on series of the relay, but this would mean that resistor should have atleast 5watt rating for it to survive, or a high value resistance for it to survive. Having a high resistance also might mean that the relay might not turn on because there wont be enough voltage that will cross it.    Paralleling a resistor to the relay seem kinda useless also since the current will not flow to the resistor but to the short instead.  How should i approach this? i possible how can this be done with basic components (resistor,capacitor,diodes etc)


sudo apt-get update   gives me this error:   Err:20 http://ppa.launchpad.net/gnome3-team/gnome3/ubuntu disco Release   404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80] Reading package lists... Done                       E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/gnome3-team/gnome3/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.   I don't know if this is related but sudo in general also gives me this error:      Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/lib/security/howdy/compare.py", line 17, in <module>     import cv2 ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'cv2' Unknown error: 1

When updating, I get the following error message:   W: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/mc3man/trusty-media/ubuntu xenial Release' does not have a Release file.   Here, I find another statement on this error:   This recommends removing certain PPAs; and, I'm not sure if I should do that since it might mean not getting the updates that I need.    Is this what I should do?


It is really worrying, cause I had a an opinion of stackoverflow as of respectable, knowledge driven source...  Or maybe it is heading in direction of social networking and becoming another social media tycoon?  Your thoughts?

Recently I saw a widget on the Stack Overflow website which says Stack Overflow now has its own currency called "unicoins". According to this widget, a user can earn reputation, customize Stack Overflow by changing its colors and the user can also remove the vote down button from their questions and answers by spending "unicoins".  This widget does not look real, because this is out of standard of the Stack Overflow website.  Also today is 1st April. Is Stack Overflow fooling us?


I have created a custom dropdown with ul/li/div which works fine, that dropdown is inside a page loaded in an iframe.  Problem: to open the dropdown and see the items over the iframe. Right now what happen is that the  iframe. I have just tried to change z-index without any success. any suggestions will be  very helpful thanks  michele

I have a UI widget that needs to be put in an IFRAME both for performance reasons and so we can syndicate it out to affiliate sites easily. The UI for the widget includes tool-tips that display over the top of other page content. See screenshot below or  to see it in action.  Is there any way to make content from within the IFRAME overlap the parent frame's content?


I am wondering if there are any people out there also wondering why there is no Stack Exchange website for Interior Designers. The  is more DIY contracting based and for technical driven questions.

I have an idea or subject that should have a Q&A, and want to propose a new site. How can I do this?  Related: