I am using R and i need to do an Anderson-Darling test on my data. I am using the adk package (  ). How do I calculate the critical value for a given significance level? Let's say I want a significance of 0.01, what should I do? In the package, there is a method called adk.pval which has to be used and the following is taken from the help:    Usage  adk.pval(tx,m) Arguments  tx threshold for which the right tail probability of the standardized Anderson-Darling statistics T_m is to be calculated  m index of the standardized T_m statistic (see reference)  Details  This function first interpolates the upper T_m quantiles as given in Table 1 (see reference below) to the given value of m by fitting a quadratic in 1/sqrt(m) to the quantiles as tabulated for the upper quantile levels .25, .10, .05, .025, .01.  Next a quadratic in the interpolated quantiles (for m) is fitted to the log-odds of the upper probability levels defining these quantiles and the fitted log-odds value at tx is converted back to the calculated upper probability value, i.e., the p-value. p-values outside the tabulated range [.01,.25] are obtained by linear extrapolation of the fitted quadratic.    I have to use this package, so help is appreciated, thank you!

After taking a statistics course and then trying to help fellow students, I noticed one subject that inspires much head-desk banging is interpreting the results of statistical hypothesis tests.  It seems that students easily learn how to perform the calculations required by a given test but get hung up on interpreting the results.  Many computerized tools report test results in terms of "p values" or "t values".  How would you explain the following points to college students taking their first course in statistics:   What does a "p-value" mean in relation to the hypothesis being tested?  Are there cases when one should be looking for a high p-value or a low p-value? What is the relationship between a p-value and a t-value?


I have JQuery included and all my other click functions work. I have tried to debug and change it from class to ID and both the class and ID name is unique (no other element uses the class or ID).  <button type="button" style="margin-left: 5px; padding: 7px;" class="btn query-btn"> Search Transactions </button>   Here is my code for the HTML and my JQuery is:   $(".query-btn").click(function () {             alert("gets here");  });   I literally have no idea why this isn't working because it works on everything else. Could anyone possibly point me the right direction? I have tried giving it an ID (unique) and changing the . to a # and that does not work either and yes it is wrapped in a:  $(document).ready(function () {  I receive no errors which is what is sort of confusing me. Anything would be appreciated!  Note: The HTML button is actually added by AJAX (A button is pressed and the response is directly inserted using the innerHTML), not default page load. I'm not sure if this would effect it but just a note incase it does.

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


Let $f:\mathbb{R}^n \to\mathbb{R}^n$ be a self-adjoint linear map.  Is it true that $\ker (f) \perp f(\mathbb{R}^n)$?   I see a similar result for compact operators (Fredholm's alternative theorem), but I can't prove it for $f: \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^n$ using just my knowledge on linear algebra.  Could you give me a hint?  Many thanks!

Let $A\in M_{n\times n}(\mathbb{R})$ symmetric and $b\in \mathbb{R}^n$.  How I can prove that if $b\perp \ker A$ then there exists $x\in \mathbb{R}^n$ such that $Ax=b$?  Many thanks!


Is "could" interchangeable with "can"?    for example, there are coversations like these:    example. 1       A: I could run faster than you.   B: No way.     In this case, the "could" is referring to the less certain possibility of a skill in the present time.    example. 2       A: Even that small stadium could have ten thousand people.   B: Isn't that too small for ten thousand people?     In this case, the "could" is referring to the less certain possibility of a capability as a fact.    I think these "could"s in the two examples express the same things as "can", and the difference from" can" is just that "could" is less certain about possibilities.    However, I'm not sure if it's allowed to use "could" like those, because "could" is used when expressing hypothetical or conditional things like "would". Are the "could"s acceptable?    Thank you.

I'm a native English speaker and I've been doing some research into English grammar for a programme I'm working on. However, on looking into modal verbs, I've only just come to appreciate how subtle and complicated they are.  What is the difference between these sentences? What possible different response might one have to each?        I can go to the cinema tonight.   I could go to the cinema tonight.   I may go to the cinema tonight.   I might go to the cinema tonight.      Granted, the first of these looks more like a statement of ability or possibility than the three that follow. But in what ways does it differ from the others, since all suggest ability and possibility? And crucially, what distinguishes the other three.  Perhaps it's a matter of tone, of context, of the speaker... The question may appear quite simple but I haven't found a satisfactory answer elsewhere.    looked quite useful in that it covered levels of confidence and certainty but it was talking about the potential state of something rather than the possibility for the person who is speaking. Are there any differences in that sense?   looked at these verbs used in question form (e.g., differences between 'Can I...?' and 'May I...?') but I'm not so interested in that for now.  Any thoughts appreciated.


description says  Each time a creature targets you with an attack during the spell's duration, roll a d20 to determine whether the attack instead targets one of your duplicates.  The  cantrip does not require the caster to make a spell attack, its effect depends on the target's saving throw instead:  Flame-like radiance descends on a creature that you can see within range. The target must succeed on a Dexterity saving throw or take 1d8 radiant damage.  This implies Sacred Flame , revealing the original. Is it correct, if somebody casts Sacred Flame, the "each time a creature targets you with an attack during the spell's duration" part doesn't work anymore, since everybody already knows where the original is?

My players went up against a homebrew creature I made, it was a fallen angel that could cast Mirror Image. Our paladin had the idea to use his Divine Sense ability to be able to tell which Image was the real one.  Before we settled how it would go about, we went into an argument that since the Mirror Image is in the same space, Divine Sense (and his Action) is wasted as the location would be the same. He countered that knowing the location of an enemy he could already see, he could point towards the real one.  I wanted to reward his clever use of the feature so I ruled that he would have to keep using his Action to use Divine Sense so that his allies could attack with impunity.  Did I call it right by Rules-as-Written?


Can we consider magnetic moment an intrinsic property of the electron like its charge? Just as we say that electron is a charged particle,  can we say electron is a "magnetic" particle?

Is the magnetic moment of a particle an intrinsic property or is there a formula to find it? What is its source?  Is there a formula or a general explanation that can account for the $\mu$ of known particles: electrons, protons, neutrons and neutrinos?  I searched the web and found different values for the neutrino, ranging from 10^-10 to 10^-19, how is such great discrepancy possible? Can we use the formula given for neutrinos (see ) for any other particle?  Can you briefly explain the genesis/rationale of that formula: $$3eG_Fm_\nu /8\pi^2 \sqrt{2}$$ and how it applies to other particles?They say in that article that its  value is proportional to the mass of the neutrino, why so? In what way  ismass  related to it?


I am ''VERY NAIVE'' about bib.tex (EVEN LATEX). I have used  \begin{thebibliography}{99}  in my latex text. But now I have to use bib.tex, and need ''VERY SIMPLE'' information how I should creat a bib file, should I download something or only add somme usepackage ?

Possible Duplicate:          My LaTeX document is acting strangely. Here is a simplified version of it:  \documentclass{article}  \begin{document}  \tableofcontents \newpage  \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{A Part of My Document} \include{includedfile}  \end{document}   And in includedfile.tex:  \section{My Section Title} Quack.   Clearly, in the table of contents, the heading for the part should precede the one for the section, but it doesn't! What's wrong?


A symmetry  of a graph X is a permutation of the vertices that also happens to be a permutation of the induced edges. In particular, the distances between vertices are preserved by a symmetry. Show that the set of symmetries of X is a permutation group of V(X).  Compute the cycle index of the group for the Petersen graph.  Please help. How do you show that something is a permutation group? I have never calculated the cycle index for a graph before and we don't have any examples like this in our notes. How do I do it for a graph?

A symmetry of graph $X$ is a permutation of the vertices that also happens to be a permutation of the induced edges. In particular, the distances between vertices are preserved by a symmetry. Show that the set of symmetries of $X$ is a permutation group of $\operatorname{V}(X)$. Compute the cycle index of the group for the Petersen graph.   Alright I am super confused. I have no idea how to even start. Can someone point me in the right direction. How do I show that something is a permutation group? How do I compute the cycle index of a graph?


I tried to recover my external HDD data as it got corrupted, and I succeeded, but now those folders are in primary memory with no permissions and my system booting saying disk space 0. I am using Ubuntu 14.04. Login screen takes password and then endless wait...  What should I do?

It seems like to deleted too much files by rm -r and now I have the error of "the system is running a low-graphic mode" in Ubuntu and I have to work in Windows because of that.  However I can load it in recovery mode. I need to copy the files from Downloads folder to a flash drive. Downloads folder has them as I can see by ls command.   When I plug in a flash drive, there will be some messages saying that everything is ok (as I understood) and it's plugged. But when I go to /media/my_name and do ls then I don't see anything. I don't see anything in /run/media/my_name either(I'm not sure if should though).  I can't connect to the Internet for some reason. Ubuntu was installed by wubi.exe file.  How do I save the content of my Downloads folder to a flash drive?


I have a Dell Inspiron 15 5558 laptop which consists of Intel Dual Band Wireless AC as the WLAN card and the corresponding WLAN driver is installed. I was trying to spoof my address using Windows 10. I tried it using Technitium MAC Address Changer, NoVirus Thanks MAC Address Changer, SMAC MAC Address Changer and even edited the registry. Nothing worked. So i searched for other possible ways but in the end I found this:   So this tells me that the mac address cannot be changed. But on Ubuntu just clicking on Edit Connections > Network Name > Entering the required MAC address, lets me spoof my MAC address.   Therefore, my question is, what does Ubuntu do differently for MAC spoofing and can i do the similar process on Windows to spoof MAC for any network card?

I tried to follow the instructions , but my card doesn't seem to have that option. Is there another way to do this?


Consider this as a question you asked from someone who thinks prank videos (stupid ones) are funny, especially those that show people getting hit severely or fall.  Which one of the following fits to the context?        What is funny in people being injured?   What is funny in people's being injured?      I guess both are grammatical and valid, but they convey different things.   First sentences asks about funny things about the injured people while I want to disparage their interest in such videos.  Considering the context, I think the second one should be used because that possessive apostrophe makes it clear what we are deprecating- laughing at the kind of hardship that people are facing in the video.    So, do you agree with me on this? Can I use the second sentence? Would you please tell me your opinions?

Which is the correct gerund clause that should be used here?    People killing animals is a bad thing.. or People's killing animals is a bad thing..  John being late is a bit inconvenient. or John's being late is a bit inconvenient.   (At the beginning of sentence,Is the subject before the gerund expressed as a possessive noun?)


I have a select query that returns one column and I want to convert that to string rows separated  with ','   Select name  from tblUsers   Gives a result:  Row1; asieh Row2:amir Row3:safoora   I want to return   Row1: asieh,amir,safoora

Consider a database table holding names, with three rows:  Peter Paul Mary   Is there an easy way to turn this into a single string of Peter, Paul, Mary?


I've taken a look at other questions about this exception, but it seems that the common problem is that the scanner is closed too soon, which could not be the case here. Here is my code, with a comment above the problem line:      public void windowOpened(WindowEvent arg0) {      Scanner input = null;      try {         input = new Scanner(new File("/home/brian/workspace/Color Sampler/src/Data.txt"));     } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {         System.exit(1);     }      int i = 0;     int nR, nG, nB;     String nName;     while(input.hasNextLine())     {         // These lines are throwing the exception         nName = input.next();         nR = input.nextInt();         nG = input.nextInt();         nB = input.nextInt();          ColorSampler.colors[i] = new myColor(nName, nR, nG, nB);           i++;     }      ColorSampler.currentColor = ColorSampler.colors[0];     System.out.println(ColorSampler.currentColor.red);  }   Here is the exception I am getting:  Exception in thread "AWT-EventQueue-1" java.util.NoSuchElementException at java.util.Scanner.throwFor(Scanner.java:855) at java.util.Scanner.next(Scanner.java:1364) at WindowDestroyer.windowOpened(WindowDestroyer.java:57) at java.awt.Window.processWindowEvent(Window.java:1972) at javax.swing.JFrame.processWindowEvent(JFrame.java:290) at java.awt.Window.processEvent(Window.java:1933) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEventImpl(Component.java:4649) at java.awt.Container.dispatchEventImpl(Container.java:2103) at java.awt.Window.dispatchEventImpl(Window.java:2588) at java.awt.Component.dispatchEvent(Component.java:4475) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(EventQueue.java:675) at java.awt.EventQueue.access$300(EventQueue.java:96) at java.awt.EventQueue$2.run(EventQueue.java:634) at java.awt.EventQueue$2.run(EventQueue.java:632) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.AccessControlContext$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(AccessControlContext.java:108) at java.security.AccessControlContext$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(AccessControlContext.java:119) at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:648) at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(EventQueue.java:646) at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method) at java.security.AccessControlContext$1.doIntersectionPrivilege(AccessControlContext.java:108) at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(EventQueue.java:645) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(EventDispatchThread.java:275) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(EventDispatchThread.java:200) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(EventDispatchThread.java:190) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:185) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(EventDispatchThread.java:177) at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(EventDispatchThread.java:138)   I cannot figure out what would be the problem here. Can someone help?

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I have an ethernet port used for Internet, but since I bought a wireless adapter that port is no longer needed. So I thought instead can I use that port as a phone line and just plug a phone line cable into ethernet port and use the Dialer or Windows fax system by doing that?

I just moved into a new house and it's wired for ethernet. There's a junction box that has a "Bridged Telecom Module TM-8" in it. My cable modem's phone jack is plugged into the "Line In" on that box and their are 8 slots all running to various ports in the house. All the jacks in the house are RJ45. Is there a way to plug my old phones into these jacks or do I need to upgrade to phones that use this connection?


I'm following instructions on Mikogo website , but it doesn't work. ./mikogo doing nothing. Please, help.

I have downloaded tar.gz files. But I don't know how to install it. How do I install this kind of file?


If I have one brother named Frank, one sister named Danielle, and one wife named Theresa, is the following sentence punctuated correctly with the commas and semicolons? Please, just yes or no — minus the extraneous commentary or questions like "Why are you writing it like that?" Could we please just answer the questions directly?  My brother, Frank; my sister, Danielle; and my wife, Theresa, attended the meeting at Town Hall.

This lesson is in a pattern book. I want to know why the word about is repeated quite a few times in the text:      My mother told me stories about cooking and childbearing; she told me   stories about menstruation and pregnancy; she told me stories about   gods and heroes, about fairies and elves, about goddesses and spirits;   she told me stories about the land and the sky, about cats and dogs,   about...


I have a 2015 Macbook Pro that had a small amount of water spilled on it. Everything seemed fine for a few days. Then it stopped booting properly and crashed after the chime but before the Apple logo. The only way I can make it boot beyond that is holding down the shift key, so in Safe Mode. However, once at the login screen as soon as I release the shift key to enter the password it crashes. I can hold the shift key for minutes without crashing but a few seconds after releasing it crashes every time. I have taken out all the components and can't see any moisture, corrosion, or signs of damage to the logic board. I have let it dry for 4 days with a fan and heater. What could be wrong do you think? Would the shift key issue suggest a keyboard replacement might work? Help greatly appreciated!

I know the first thing to do is dry with a towel the majority of the fluid. Next is to turn off the computer. Then flip over the laptop itself and whilst upside down cool dry the keyboard with a hairdryer for a few minutes. Also leave the computer upside down for a day or so. Is there anything I’m missing?


I'm new to python and I wanted to code a function that sums every k numbers in a list. I need only the results that are equal or less than a given number t, and I'm adding them to a set. The number I need is the max number in that set. Code looks like this: ls = [91, 74, 73, 81, 88] k = 3 t = 245   def choose_best_sum(t, k, ls):      res = []     i = 0     s = set()     aux = [[91, 74, 73, 81, 88], [91, 74, 73, 81, 88], [91, 74, 73, 81, 88]]      while i != k:         for m in range(0, i + 1):             aux[i].pop(0)         for j in range(1, k + 1 - i):             aux[i].pop(0)             res.append([ls[i] + ls[i + j] + x for x in aux[i]])         i += 1     for g in res:         for d in g:             if d <= t:                 s.add(d)     return max(s)  The code is working fine like this, but since the argument list will change, I need an aux that adjust to the given ls. So I coded the aux like this: aux = [] for _ in range(0, k):     aux.append(ls)  If I do this in this example I get the exact same aux, but when I execute it, python gives me the error IndexError: list index out of range, even though the two aux are identical. The error comes on this line: res.append([ls[i] + ls[i + j] + x for x in aux[i]]) (1st 'while' iteration, 2nd 'j' iteration) Any idea on why that happens? Doesn't make sense to me! Thanks guys

I needed to create a list of lists in Python, so I typed the following: my_list = [[1] * 4] * 3  The list looked like this: [[1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1]]    Then I changed one of the innermost values: my_list[0][0] = 5  Now my list looks like this: [[5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1]]    which is not what I wanted or expected. Can someone please explain what's going on, and how to get around it?


How do I migrate my question from Stack Overflow to Server Fault?  I searched how to migrate in Meta Stack Overflow, but I didn't absorb how to do it.

I posted a question which was closed as off-topic and it seems like it could fit on another site in the network. How can I go about moving it there?   What is migration? When can a question be migrated, and who can migrate it? When should I consider migration, and when is it inappropriate? What causes a migration to be blocked and what happens after? What causes a migration to be rejected and what happens after? Anything else I should know about migration?


I know that , but does anyone know of any other GIS apps that are available for Android tablets?

What  software is available to do mobile data collection, with GPS positioning.  Map display not required. I'm looking across the board (platform wise).  I'm already aware of...              Any others you're aware of?


What is polar equation of a Heptagon ? I need to move some Android views in the form of a heptagon, for I need to have polar equations for Heptagon like for $x= r\sin(\theta)$ and $y=r\cos(\theta)$.  Is it possible to have polar equation for a heptagon too ?

For example, the square can be described with the equation $|x| + |y| = 1$. So is there a general equation that can describe a regular polygon (in the 2D Cartesian plane?), given the number of sides required?  Using the Wolfram Alpha site, this input gave an almost-square: PolarPlot(0.75 + ArcSin(Sin(2x+Pi/2))/(Sin(2x+Pi/2)*(Pi/4))) (x from 0 to 2Pi)  This input gave an almost-octagon: PolarPlot(0.75 + ArcSin(Sin(4x+Pi/2))/(Sin(4x+Pi/2)*Pi^2)) (x from 0 to 2Pi)  The idea is that as the number of sides in a regular polygon goes to infinity, the regular polygon approaches a circle. Since a circle can be described by an equation, can a regular polygon be described by one too? For our purposes, this is a regular convex polygon (triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon and so on).  It can be assumed that the centre of the regular polygon is at the origin $(0,0)$, and the radius is $1$ unit.  If there's no such equation, can the non-existence be proven? If there are equations, but only for certain polygons (for example, only for $n < 7$ or something), can those equations be provided?


when i connect the phone via USB it shows as Portable device; but i want it to be as a drive so i can review my files on the labtop. note: i have S3 and S5 with the same issue.

In Android 3 the connection to PC as Mass Storage Controller feature was removed.  Is there a way to access MTP-mounted phone as a drive letter? I want standard file manager programs (e.g. Total Commander) to work.


Let $R$ be a ring satisfying $(xy)^3=xy$ for all $x,\, y\in R$. Then $R$ is commutative. Any suggestion how to prove it?

Let $R$ be a ring, where $a^{3} = a$ for all $a\in R$. Prove that $R$ must be a commutative ring.


My grandmother was "in service" to a retired Indian Civil Servant. I have all his career details in the Indian Civil Service, but I would like to find out more about his actual life whilst he was in India; i.e. what were his actual duties, his social life, where did he actually live, and also what was his & his families "attitudes" with regard to the "locals", so I really need to contact an actual researcher in India.   My grandmother was "in service" to him, and his family, when he had returned to England upon retirement and it seems that (considering her life), that this period "in service" was important to her - hence my interest to find out more about her employer!

Are there any online sources of information for (English) Christian families in India?   I'm particularly interested in the first half of the nineteenth century.


I want to know when to use Set and List.On which basis it should be decided.For example, when we are dealing with order application, at that what should I use? List any = new ArrayList<>(); or Set any = new HashSet(); or LinkedList.

I've always been one to simply use:  List<String> names = new ArrayList<>();   I use the interface as the type name for portability, so that when I ask questions such as these I can rework my code.    When should  be used over  and vice-versa?


i am trying to delete duplicate words from python, everything works, but "Kate" word is still duplicated. help me   def custom_function(list): sia = [] for item in list:     sia.append(item.capitalize())  for word in sia:     while sia.count(word) != 1:         sia.remove(word)         if sia.count(word) == 1:             break   return sia    unknown_list = ["toby", "James", "kate", "George", "James", "rick", "Alex",  "Jein", "Alex", "Alex","George", "Jein", "kate", "medelin"]  print(custom_function(unknown_list))

Is there a built-in that removes duplicates from list in Python, whilst preserving order? I know that I can use a set to remove duplicates, but that destroys the original order. I also know that I can roll my own like this:  def uniq(input):   output = []   for x in input:     if x not in output:       output.append(x)   return output   (Thanks to  for that .)  But I'd like to avail myself of a built-in or a more Pythonic idiom if possible.  Related question:


What is the best word to use to describe the person who I am sponsoring? Or is there such a word?

Google results for sponsee have scattered definitions in unreliable sources, so it does not appear that is a real word. I'm looking for something similar, a single word.  The specific context is a social group membership application where new members must be sponsored (as in definition 2, here - "one who assumes responsibility for some other person or thing") by existing members. I am looking for a single word to describe the target of such a sponsorship. I am about to sponsor a fraternity, but I would like to have a more general word for what I'm sponsoring. Next time, the fraternity could well be a study club, or something else.  Therefore, what is the sponsored party also called? E.g. if I sponsor somebody, that person is my __?


I need to create list1 containing another a set of lists with 8 elements. these are then appended to a second list where the last element is changed. I am a little confused as currently when I try to change the last element, it changes the last element of both lists.  Any help on this would be really appreciated:  from random import random  list1 = [] list2 = []  for x in xrange(10):     a, b, c, d, e, f, g = [random() for i in xrange(7)]     list1.append([x, a, b, c,  d, e, f, g])  for y in xrange(len(list1)):     list2.append(list1[y])    print "Index: ", y, "\tlist1: ", list1[y][7]    print "Index: ", y, "\tlist2: ", list2[y][7]     list2[y][7] = "Value for list2 only"     print "Index: ", y, "\tlist1: ", list1[y][7]    print "Index: ", y, "\tlist2: ", list2[y][7]

I needed to create a list of lists in Python, so I typed the following: my_list = [[1] * 4] * 3  The list looked like this: [[1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1]]    Then I changed one of the innermost values: my_list[0][0] = 5  Now my list looks like this: [[5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1]]    which is not what I wanted or expected. Can someone please explain what's going on, and how to get around it?


I want to list the partitions on my phone - system, boot, recovery etc. What terminal command should I use? The mount command just lists mount points.

I've rooted my device, put it in recovery mode, and have linked it to PC by .  How can I view the list of storage devices and partitions?  Note: fdisk doesn't work.


This is what I need the command for : We are in year 1970, if we add 5 000 000 000 seconds, what year are we in now ?  Sorry for my question and how it's formulated. I know it's terrible and english is my 3rd language

I'd like to have a time, say 6:45am, and add an amount of hours, say 1.45 hours, to result in another time. So I'd like to add 1.45 hours to 6:45am to get another time.   Is there a command line utile for that? I've done some Googling, and read the man page for date and haven't found anything like that. wcalc doesn't seem to handle time calculations.  EDIT: Mar 6, 2015. This is the script I ended up with to use decimal hours. It could use some error checking to make sure HH:MM uses 2 digits for the hours.  #!/bin/bash # Mar 6, 2015 # Add decimal hours to given time.  # Syntax: timeadd HH:MM HOURS # There MUST be 2 digits for the hours in HH:MM. # Times must be in military time.  # Ex: timeadd 05:51 4.51 # Ex: timeadd 14:12 2.05 echo " " # If we have less than 2 parameters, show instructions and exit. if [ $# -lt 2 ] then     echo "Usage: timeadd HH:MM DECHOURS"     exit 1 fi intime=$1 inhours=$2 # Below is arithmetic expansion $(()) # The bc calculator is standard on Ubuntu.  # Below rounds to the minute.  inminutes=$(echo "scale=0; ((($inhours * 60)*10)+5)/10" | bc) echo "inminutes=$inminutes" now=$(date -d "$intime today + $inminutes minutes" +'%H:%M') echo "New time is $now"


Is this method correct? $x^2=19 \mod 25, x^2=44 \mod 25, x^2=69 \mod 25, x^2=94 \mod 25, x^2=119 \mod 25, x^2=144 \mod 25$ Therefore, $x=12 \mod 25, x= 13 \mod 25$. Or should I have to split $x^2 = 19 \mod 25$ into $x^2= 19 \mod 5, x^2 = 19 \mod 5$. $x^2= 19 \mod 5$ gives $x=2 \mod 5$,  $x= 3 \mod 5$. By using $x=2 \mod 5 , x= 3 \mod 5$ I would arrive at the same $x = 12 \mod 25, x= 13 \mod 25$. Using the second method, I found $x=5k+2$, $x=5k+3$. By substituting this in $x^2=19mod25$ I get $20k+4 = 19 mod 25$ which gives $4k = 3 mod 5$. Therefore, $k = 2$ which provides $x=12$. Similarly, when I substitute $x=5k+3$ in $x^2=19mod25$ I get $x=13$ Are both ways correct?

Let $p$ be an odd prime number and $a$, $b$ and $c$ integers such that $p$ does not divide $a$, and does not divide $D=b^2-4ac$, and such that $$ax^2+bx+c\equiv0\pmod{p},$$ is solvable. Prove that in this case $ay^2 + by + c \equiv 0 \mod p^2$ is solvable too.  Well, the only thing that I was able to do is get $D$ from quadratic equation: \begin{eqnarray*} ax^2 + bx + c &=& a(x^2 + bx/a) + c\\ & =& a(x^2 + 2\cdot b/2a + (b/2a)^2) - a(b/2a)^2 + c\\ &=&a(x + b/2a)^2 - \left(\frac{b^2 - 4ac}{4a}\right)\\ &=& a(x + b/2a)^2 - \left(\frac{D}{4a}\right) \end{eqnarray*} Since $D$ is not divisible by $p$, $D/4a$ is not divisible by $p$ too. So in order to make this equation true remainders of both $\frac{D}{4a}$ and $a(x + b/2a)^2$ should be equal to each other. Let us say that it is $r_1$. Okay, then let $a(x + b/2a)^2$ be $p\cdot k + r_1$ and $D/4a = p \cdot m + r_1$. But can't move on with this proof. I tried several paths but all of them didn't lead me anywhere. Your help will be much appreciated!


I would like to have my Feed customizable, e.g. set priorities, favorite tags, filter (by time, active bounties, unanswered...) Instead, it seems the very basics are missing! I am constantly annoyed by questions from Stack Exchange sites I don't care about.

I happily enjoys Stack exchange android app. I am really having a good experience browsing through various sections .  However, the questions that appear on first page when I open the app seems to be not from the tags which I like/favorites one. Is there a way to customize which questions to appear ?


My question is: What is the result of this limit:   $\displaystyle \lim_{n \to +\infty} \frac{{n \choose n/2}}{2^n}=$ ?

For each positive even integer $n$, set   $$P_n = \displaystyle {{n} \choose {\frac{n}{2}}}\frac{1}{2^n}.$$  Show that $\displaystyle \lim_{n \to \infty} P_n$ exists and determine its value.   Here's what I have so far: each $P_n$ can be thought of as the probability of tossing a fair coin $n$ times, and obtaining exactly $\frac{n}{2}$ heads. My expectation is that $P_n \to 1$, since in any large trial, one would expect to record just about as many heads as tails. But I'm not sure how to mathematically justify this hunch.  Hints or solutions are greatly appreciated.


I have question about using this phrase.  For example. If I was cooking lunch everyday meaning Saturday, Sunday and today is Monday lunch time and I cooked lunch again but my family does not like it.  They would say:      This has been your worst lunch in the last two or three days?   Or another example:  If I am working today 3rd day in the job and my boss gives me the most work today should I tell my friend that:      This has been the most work I have been given in the last 2 or 3 days?   Thank you for explaining and sorry for asking these maybe stupid questions but I have OCD and cant help myself, I need reassurance.

I have this question that my brain cannot understand because for me it seems to be very illogical. Please, try to explain this to me. It is both english problem but also my native language problem.  For example: If I bought something two days ago. (e.g. Monday, so today is Wednesday) I can't say during Wednesday that I haven't bought anything for 2 days.  Because I skiped just one day and I can still buy something today no? So I would say which makes more logic to me: I haven't bought anything for 1 day.  Same as if I was at the club on Monday now is Wednesday, I would say I haven't been to that club for 1 day. Since today I can still go there. However, i saw more people using it the other way. Which in my opinion is illogical.  They say: I haven't bought anything for 2 days OR I haven't been to that club for 2 days meaning the last time they were there was two days ago. However how logical is it? Imagine you come to that club on Wednesday if you were there on Monday and say to the same barman you saw there on Monday that you haven't been here for 2 days and he would look like: what? are you stupid? You weren't here just one day.  Like as the first question, I haven't purchased anything for 2 days is valid only if you last purchased something on monday and today is thursday, in my opinion, because we should not count monday since you already bought something.  Does anybody get my point? Thanks for answers and your help.


I'm compiling my thesis want the initial page numbering to be roman and the following to be arabic. I divide the two sections using \mainmatter and \frontmatter. Any direction will be highly appreciated. Thank you  \documentclass[a4paper,twoside,11pt]{report} \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} \usepackage{graphicx} \graphicspath{{/Users/Amaan/Desktop/REPORT_Amaan_Ghole_v2/pics/}} \usepackage[numbered, framed]{mcode} \usepackage{appendix} \usepackage{caption} \usepackage{natbib} \captionsetup{figurewithin=none}   \captionsetup{tablewithin=none} \setlength{\parskip}{3mm} \usepackage{enumitem} \usepackage{fancyhdr}       \pagestyle{fancyplain}     \parskip=0cm     \voffset=-0.54cm     \hoffset=0.46cm     \oddsidemargin=0pt     \evensidemargin=0pt     \topmargin=0pt     \headheight=0.5cm     \headsep=0.5cm     \textheight=23.7cm     \textwidth=15cm     \setlength{\headwidth}{15cm}     \setlength{\parindent}{0pt}                         % copied from DCSSS04 style file to stop indenting paragraphs (the default) %    \setlength{\parskip}{1ex plus 0.5ex minus 0.2ex}    % copied from DCSSS04 style file, spaces paragraphs and titles     \setlength{\parskip}{10pt}                          % makes a fixed space between paragraphs     \renewcommand{\chaptermark}[1]{\markboth{#1}{}}     \renewcommand{\bibname}{References}  \lhead[\fancyplain{\thepage}{\thepage}]{\fancyplain{\slshape \leftmark}{\slshape \leftmark}} \rhead[\fancyplain{\slshape \leftmark}{\slshape \leftmark}]{\fancyplain{\thepage}{\thepage}} \cfoot[\fancyplain{}{}]{\fancyplain{}{}} %\setlength{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt} %\setlength{\plainheadrulewidth}{0.4pt} \newcommand{\R}{\mathbb{R}} % real line  \begin{document} \pagenumbering{roman} \include{C&T_v2} \include{abstract&ack_v2} \listoffigures \listoftables \include{acronyms_v2} \tableofcontents \pagenumbering{arabic} \include{Intro_v2} \include{LitRev_v2}  \include{Kinematics_v2} \include{Control_v2} \include{smith_v2} \include{Robust_v2} \include{Comparison_v2} \include{Simulations_v2} \include{Conclusion_v2}  \appendix \include{appendixA_v2} \include{appendixB_v2} \include{appendixC_v2} \include{appendixD_v2} \include{appendixE_v2}  \bibliographystyle{dcu} \bibliography{THESIS_v2}    \end{document}

In my Master thesis, I would like to have the title page without any page number and an acknowledgments section and the table of contents with roman numbers. The rest of the document should be numbered arabic.  I have tried this, to have roman numbers for the Table of contents and normal numbers for the rest.  \documentclass[12pt,ngerman,openany]{report} \usepackage{titlesec} \usepackage{titletoc} \usepackage{cite} \usepackage[a4paper]{geometry} %\usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[ngerman]{babel} %\usepackage{ngerman}{babel} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{float} \selectlanguage{ngerman} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{url} \usepackage{epstopdf} \usepackage{scrhack} \usepackage{listings} \usepackage{caption} \titleformat{\chapter}{\rmfamily\huge}{\textbf\thechapter.}{25pt}{\huge\textbf} \defcaptionname{ngerman}{\lstlistingname}{Code} \defcaptionname{ngerman}{\lstlistlistingname }{Codeverzeichnis}  \lstloadlanguages{R}  \lstset{% general command to set parameter(s)    basicstyle=\sffamily\footnotesize, % print whole listing small    keywordstyle=\sffamily\footnotesize\bfseries, % ubold black keywords    identifierstyle=, % nothing happens    commentstyle=\sffamily\footnotesize\slshape, % green comments    stringstyle=\sffamily\footnotesize, % typewriter type for strings    showstringspaces=false, % no special string spaces    numbers=left,    numberstyle=\sffamily\footnotesize,    stepnumber=1,    numbersep=10pt,    showspaces=false,    showtabs=false,    frame=lines,    morecomment=[l]{\%},    float=htbp,    numberbychapter=true  }   \begin{document} \let\cleardoublepage\clearpage   \pagenumbering{roman}  \tableofcontents  \clearpage  \vspace*{75mm} \chapter{Einleitung} \section{Motivation} bla bla bla \section{Ziel}  bla bla \chapter{Stand der Technik zur Mustererkennung} \section{Die Zeitreihen} bla bla \subsection{Beschreibung} bla bla \subsection{Erklärung}  bla bla  \subsection{Vorhersage} bla bla \subsection{Kontrolle} bla bla \section{Feature Extraktion} bla bla \subsection{Autokorrelation} \subsection{Was ist Autokorrelation?} bla bla   \subsection{Autokorrelation und Zeitreihen} bla bla  \subsubsection{Zeitreihe-Diagramm}  bla bla \subsubsection{Lagged Streudiagramm} bla bla  \subsubsection{Autocorrelation-Function (Korrelogramm)} bla bla \subsection{Spektralanalyse} \subsection{Was ist Spektral-Analyse} bla bla \end{document}


I'm taking an introductory GIS course and the university provided us with one year student licenses so that we can work from home. The issue is the text in the table of contents and the toolbar(?) (File, Edit, View, Etc.) up top are in very small font; so are the icons and text in the table of contents.   For a while a lot of the toolbar icons were also incredibly small but I figured that out by using the large icon sizes, however the icons are still small within a tool.    A few months ago I had the same issue with QGIS. I originally deleted the program but since then have redownloaded QGIS and no longer have that issue. To me, this hints at the issue being a laptop problem? I don't know though, just a guess. I'm running windows 10 on an Asus zenbook.  UPDATE:  Adjusting screen resolution has helped but some icons and text (like in arctoolbox) are still really small:   I tried referencing these two posts but am still  having trouble:

In the screenshot below, ArcMap 10.1 appears to be making some arbitrary choices about the font to use for:   The Layers data frame name in the Table of Contents (larger font than expected) The Main Menu pulldowns (smaller font than expected)   Can anyone tell me where to find a setting that will enable me to make these the same size as the font used for the Main Menu items, please?    I am using Windows 7 64bit and I know I messed around with Large Icons on the Options tab of Customize | Customize a while back.  I think the small font pulldowns started when I turned them back to normal.


What is a URI, and what is the difference between URL and URI?

People talk about URLs, URIs, and URNs as if they're different things, but they look the same to the naked eye.  What are the distinguishable differences between them?


I was asked specifically to construct a field of $81$ elements. Can someone explain how the process for this works? And how should I approach more questions like this?

For a prime $p$, I know that $\mathbb Z_p$ is a field. To construct a field with four elements, I know I can just take $\frac{\mathbb Z_2[x]}{(x^2+x+1)}$. Similarly, to construct a field of order $p^n$, do I just need to take $\mathbb Z_p[x]$ and quotient out an irreducible polynomial of degree $n$? Is there any pattern to these irreducible polynomials, or do I just have to find one by brute force?


In every scene from Star Wars, where people are in a space shuttle, flying through space, they appear to be under the force of gravity, as if they are on a planet like earth... If they were truly in space then they would float in the space shuttles like the astronauts do on the ISS.  Is there some kind of 'artificial gravity generator' equipped in each space shuttle? Or do they ever provide an explanation for this physical phenomenon?

Inspired by the question , how does gravity work on the Millennium Falcon and other ships its size? The passengers are not strapped in and regularly move around just easily as they would on a planet with Earth's gravity.   The answer for the Death Star refers to gravity often being "coreward" (presumably taking advantage of the natural gravity an object of such substantial mass would have), but that doesn't apply for a small ship. So how is gravity accomplished?


If a and b are vectors such that $\|a\| = 4$, $\|b\| = 5$, and $\|a + b\| = 7$, then find     $\|2a-3b\|$.  So I first squared both sides and then got $ab = -44$. What do I do now?

If $a$ and $b$ are vectors such that $\|a\| = 4$, $\|{b}\| = 5$, and $\|{a} + {b}\| = 7$, then find $\|2 {a} - 3 {b}\|$.  I couldn't figure out how to start off this problem. I attempted to use $$\cos \theta = \frac{a\cdot b}{\|a\|\cdot \|b\|}$$ But I still don't know what to do. Could someone nudge me in the right direction?  Thank you!


I submitted my paper to ICANN2016 conference in which we could choose among the possible options of "poster" and "oral" presentation at the submission time. I submitted for the oral category and received the acceptance notice as a "full paper" to be in the proceedings, but no info on the type of presentation (oral/poster).  Then I registered as they requested to do so before the deadline, but later on, when the conference program become revealed on the website I noticed that I am placed in one of the poster sessions and even in a so "irrelevant" session!   Honestly I become less motivated to participate in the conference as I've heard that the posters are mostly a way the organizers try to compensate the conference expenses (they have 80 posters in the conference). And the chances of getting noticed or getting any useful feedback on my work can be so subtle! Also not to mention that in the review feedback there was no detail about the review process which could be considered as useful feedback on my work. Just a simple general comment like "the work is so solid, technical and great.."  So I came to a sort of conclusion that I already wasted my publication by submitting it to the conference!  Also I was wondering if I can withdraw from participation and ask my payment back? considering that they didn't mention the type of the presentation in the acceptance notice, and also the fact that I chose the oral presentation in the submission.

I know that submitting a paper to a conference implies a promise to present the paper if it's accepted. However, I have seen conferences where a paper that you submit could be accepted as a poster instead. I have a limited travel budget (who doesn't?), and I would rather not travel just for a poster presentation, so I haven't submitted anything to that type of conference.  However, now I'm wondering: If you submit a paper, and it's accepted as a poster, would it be perceived poorly if you decide not to present the poster? (Of course, if you do that, your abstract wouldn't appear in any proceedings.)  EDIT: By "decide not to present the poster", I mean withdrawing it. I certainly wouldn't plan on being a no-show!


Try and hit me! Try to hit me!  Do the above example mean exactly the same and it's just a matter of preference to use which word?  He tried to make it better. He tried and made it better.  The second example sounds strange when it comes to more formal sentence of that sort. Is it still a correct use of the phase?

I read the following sentence in book (App).     I will try and answer any questions you ask.   Why don't they use the following? (it is much common):     I will try to answer any questions you ask.   Is there any difference in meaning?  Update:  I noticed that a lot of books and news websites are using this phrase:        Although Katty will try and answer as many questions as she can.    He puller would have a chance to try and answer the question on her own ...


One of my favorite Windows features is the ability to slam a program into the side of the screen to auto-resize it to fill that half of the screen.  Is there any program I can download for Mac that makes this feature available on macOS?

I'd like to do something with my windows on OS X, where something includes options like re-arranging, moving, re-sizing, remembering positions, cloning across Spaces, etc. What options exist?  Rules   One app per answer. Use this format for the first two lines of your answer: ## [app name](link to website) [App Store](link to appstore) (price)    Check for duplicates before adding new answers.  If you find a duplicate, vote it down and encourage its poster to upvote the original entry instead (and remove the dupe). Include short description about what this Window Managing app does.  What makes this Window Manager app different than the others? Is it focused on re-sizing using only the keyboard? Is it focused on moving using only mouse gestures? Etc.


We want to prove that $$\sum_{k=0}^n (-1)^k{n \choose k}^2=\ \Bigg\{                 \begin{array}                  \ \hspace{2mm}0 \hspace{20mm}\text{ if n is odd} \\                   \ (-1)^{\frac{n}{2}} {n \choose \frac{n}{2}}\hspace{6mm}\text{ if n is even}                 \end{array}$$ The odd proof is pretty easy by creating a bijection between odd and even subsets, but I cannot figure out the even proof. Any help would be significant!

I am trying to prove the following identities:  a. $$\sum_{k=0}^n(-1)^k{n\choose k}^2 = \bigg\{^{0 \ \text{if k is odd}}_{(-1)^m{2m\choose m} \ \text{if n = 2m}}$$ b. $$\sum^k_{i=0} {n+i \choose i}={n+k+1\choose k}$$  For part $b$ I know I can use induction. It is clearly true when $k=0$ and then assuming for $k-1$ we get $$\sum^k_{i=0}{n+i\choose i}={n+k\choose k-1}+{n+k \choose k}={n+k+1\choose k} \ ...$$


I am wondering if the sentence I wrote him. is grammatically correct. Can I wrote him. take the place of I wrote him a letter. and/or I wrote to him.? Can one omit the preposition to? Can one omit the (what I think is) the direct object a letter?

Is it correct to say "I wrote him" or "I wrote to him"?  My Mother was a stickler for English grammar and would say "I wrote your Uncle..." rather than "I wrote to your Uncle..."


Let $f:(E,d)\to (E,d)$  such that $$d(f(x),f(y))<d(x,y), \forall x,y\in E ,x\neq y$$ where $E$ is compact   I want to prove that $f$ has a unique fixed point   I consider the recurrent sequence $$\begin{cases} x_{n+1}=f^{n+1}(x_0)\\ x_0\in E\end{cases}$$  But how to prove that it is a Cauchy sequence?  if $d(f(x),f(y))<d(x,y)$ and $x_{n+1}=f^{n+1}(x_0)$ if for example i want to to see $\lim_{n\to+\infty} d(x_n,x_{n+1})$   $d(x_n,x_{n+1})= d(f(x_{n-1}),f(x_n))<d(x_{n-1},x_n)<...<d(x_0,x_1)$ then the limit is not 0 how to prove that it is a Cauchy sequence ?

Let $(M,d)$ be a compact metric space and $d(f(x),f(y)) < d(x,y) $ for all $ x\neq y$ Prove that if $f$ is a continuous fuction then there is a unique $x_0 \in M $ such that $f(x_0)=x_0$ I know that since $g(x) = d((f(x),f(y))$ is continuous then a continuous function in a compact space reaches its maximum and minimum. Then by proving that the minimum of $g(x)$ = 0 can I conclude that $x_0$ is a fixed point?


$$ \begin{cases} m=&a_1x+ b_1y \\ n =& a_2x + b_2y \end{cases} \qquad\text{and}\qquad a_1 b_2 - a_2 b_1 = 1 $$ I tried to substitute the value of $x$ in eq-1 to eq-2 and got $na_1+ma_2=y$ source: Challenges and Thrills Of Pre-College Mathematics (Exercise 2.2 Q-20)

I'm having problems with an exercise from Apostol's Introduction to Analytic Number Theory.     Given $x$ and $y$, let $m=ax+by$, $n=cx+dy$, where $ad-bc= \pm 1$. Prove that $(m,n)=(x,y)$.   I've tried to give a proof, but I suspect it's wrong (or at least not very good). I would be very thankful for any hints/help/advice!  My proof:     We observe that since $ad-bc= \pm 1$, $ad=bc \pm 1$, and $(ad,bc)=1$.   Now, $(a,b) \mid m$ and $(c,d) \mid n$ but      $$(a,b) = ((d,1)a,(c,1)b)=(ad,a,bc,b)=(ad,bc,a,b)=((ad,bc),a,b)=(1,a,b)=1.$$      Similarly, we determine $(c,d)=1$. So, $1=(a,b) \mid m$ and $1=(c,d) > \mid n$. But $(x,y)$ also divide $m$ and $n$. Since $(x,y) \geq (a,b)=(c,d)=1$, this implies that $(x,y)=m,n$. Hence   $(m,n)=((x,y),(x,y))=(x,y)$.


First of all I'm sorry for my noobness! :-( I am currently trying out AJAX jQuery load() method to load html page content for my navigation links. To do so, I created an empty div tag with an id, and I am replacing it accordingly:  HTML main webpage:    : Home News

   JQuery:   $("#index").click(function() {     $("#pageContent").load("home.html", function (response, status, xhr) {  // (selector).load(url, data, function(response, status, xhr))         if (status == "error") {                                            // function is an optional callback method that runs when request is completed.             var msg = "Sorry but there was an error: ";                     // response = contains result data from request             $("#error").html(msg + xhr.status + " " + xhr.statusText);      // status = contains status of request (error, success, etc)         }                                                                   //  xhr = contains XMLHttpp Request object     });     });   However, #index content has also a toggle button that if pressed, it will redirect to a specific section of another div - #news that is also called by ajax. It's purpose it to go to a specific news article (e.g. I have a list of 10 articles, when someone presses "read more" button on #index section, it will load article 5 in #news section). I created JS function to do so and it works when I load pages statically:  function showNews(newsToGo) {             window.location.assign(newsToGo);         }           //-News Box 1-//         document.getElementById('news-redirect1').addEventListener("click", function(){                 showNews("news.html#news-post-1");         });   Now, I have no idea how to make it work in AJAX. If I leave the JS in, it just loads a "bare" div. Can anyone point me into right direction?

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


In the past day or two, the profile tab for 'activities' was changed to 'all actions'.  Part of this included a change to the URL parameter for that tab, ?tab=activities became ?tab=allactions.  If you attempt to access ?tab=activities, you're presented with a 404 (or if you're a mod, you get a "Could not find a user or deletion record" page, which was hilarious when I loaded that URL for my own profile).  That seems like a terrible reaction to loading a long-time functional tab, so I submit this feature request.  Create a redirect so when someone tries to load ?tab=activities, they're redirected to ?tab=allactions.  This then means tools that loaded the activities tab continue to function, and URLs don't break in confusing manners.  An alternative to this would be to just load the user's profile page, since we provided an invalid parameter in the URL, we didn't load a completely garbage URL.

The recent user profile tab name change - from "activities" to "all actions" - was not accompanied by a hyperlink update from ...?tab=activities... to ...?tab=allactions...    Click on the "posts edited" link to see the 404-error.


I purchased few packets of 100 gms freshly ground and roasted Coffee powder. These packets do NOT have air filled in them like the chips packets.  Is it necessary to store purchased sealed roasted Coffee powder in freezer? Why?

I know it's better to use freshly ground beans and not store it ground at all, but if I have no other choice, how can I best preserve ground coffee?   sort of asks the same thing, but the answers focus on storing whole beans, and the answers addressing ground coffee make it pretty unclear whether a cool cabinet, the fridge, or the freezer is the best place.


Test convergence of series: $$\sum_{n=0}^ \infty n!z^n$$  What I have done using ratio test:  $\lim_{n\to\infty} \lvert \frac{(n+1!)(z^{n+1})}{n!z^n}\rvert$  $\lim_{n\to\infty} \lvert (n+1)(z)\rvert$  And here I am kinda stuck. Do I plug in $\infty$ for n and get $\infty$ as the answer?  If $L=\infty$ then it diverges since $L>1$?

I need help with how to compute the radius of convergence of the power series $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} n!x^n$?  I was thinking of using the ratio test but am unsure of how to go about it. Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks


What SOM does sounds good and very useful on a paper (putting similar individuals close together, nonlinear version of PCA) for visualization and for dimensional reduction. Also there are whole chapters about it in ML books (e.g. Marsland), but I newer saw it being used in any serious way, also it was not merged in scikit-learn for the same reason.  If it sounds so good, why it is not? And if it so terrible, why is it being mentioned in ML courses, instead of more useful approaches?

As far as I can tell, Kohonen-style SOMs had a peak back around 2005 and haven't seen as much favor recently. I haven't found any paper that says that SOMs have been subsumed by another method, or proven equivalent to something else (at higher dimensions, anyhow). But it seems like tSNE and other methods get a lot more ink now-a-days, for example in Wikipedia, or in SciKit Learn, and SOM is mentioned more as a historical method.  (Actually, a Wikipedia article seems to indicate that SOMs continue to have certain advantages over competitors, but it's also the shortest entry in the list. EDIT: Per gung's request, one of the articles that I'm thinking about is: . Note that SOM has less written about it than the other methods. I can't find the article that mentioned an advantage that SOMs seem to retain over most other methods.)  Any insights? Someone else asked why SOMs are not being used, and got references from a while ago, and I have found proceedings from SOM conferences, but was wondering if the rise of SVMs or tSNE, et al, just eclipsed SOMs in pop machine learning.  EDIT 2: By pure coincidence, I was just reading a 2008 survey on nonlinear dimensionality reduction this evening, and for examples it mentions only: Isomap (2000), locally linear embedding (LLE) (2000), Hessian LLE (2003), Laplacian eigenmaps (2003), and semidefinite embedding (SDE) (2004).


I know this might be stupid for most of the people here. I am starting with set theory and I cannot prove this:A-(A∩B)=A-B  I start by assuming: 1) x∈A & ¬ (x∈A & x∈B)       Therefore I understand I can infer:                2) x∈A                  from 1              3) ¬ (x∈A & x∈B)        from 1              4) ¬x∈A & ¬x∈A          from 3              5) ¬x∈A                 from 4              6) ⊥                    from 2 and 5   I do not know how to turn around this contradiction. At an intuitively level it is very clear to me, but I am not able to formalize it.

$A\setminus B = A \setminus B \cap A$  Proof $A\setminus B \subseteq A \setminus B \cap A$:  $x\in A\setminus B \to x\in A \land x \notin B$  $x\in A \land (x \notin B \color{red}{\lor x\notin A})$  $x \in A \land (x\notin B \cap A)$  $x \in A\setminus B\cap A$  Proof $A \setminus B \cap A \subseteq A\setminus B$:  $x \in A \setminus B \cap A \to x\in A \land x\notin B \cap A$  $x \in A \land (x\notin B \color{red}{\lor x\notin A})$  $x \in A \land x \notin B$  $x \in A \setminus B $  Therefore $A\setminus B = A \setminus B \cap A$  I am confused how the stuff in the red is formed. Can we add an or statement to anything and ignore if its true or not if the first part of the or is true?


I recently posted a similar question, but the design has changed, so here's the new question.  I have two 4-ft x 4" x 4" wood posts, and each post has two screw eyes. There's 12 feet of distance between each post. I would like to recreate the design in the image, but I want it to be tight, not sagging. I'd use a 3/4" rope with no stretch.  How can I tighten this rope so that it's taut? Once it's tight, I'd Like to use a knot to secure it (I'd rather use a knot than a crimp sleeve).  Since this more decorative, I can pull and then tighten, but I prefer using something that can make it even tighter.

I have two 4-ft x 4" x 4" wood posts, and each post has a screw eye. There's 12 feet of distance between each post.  How can I tighten a piece of 1/2" diameter rope that goes through each screw eye and it's stretched tightly without having to buy turnbuckles?  There has to be a knot just for this.


I need to select an element from a drop-down menu. <div class="selectric">     <select>         <option value="10">View 10</option>         <option value="50">View 50</option>         <option value="100">View 100</option>         <option value="1000">View All</option>     </select> </div>  First I have to click on it. I do this: select = Select(driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="root"]/div/div[2]/div/div[4]/div/div/div/div[2]/div[1]/div[1]/div[2]/div/div[1]/div/div/select'))  select.select_by_visible_text('View All') select.select_by_value('10000')  I tried to do it but it did not work

I need to select an element from a drop-down menu.  The dropdown menu has two value and I need to select the second "sponsor.com"  <select tabindex="1" name="userDomain" onchange="javascript:doWFAction('ReloadUser');">   <optgroup label="Selected">     <option value="0" selected=""></option>   </optgroup>   <optgroup label="Other">     <option value="261">sponsor.com</option>   </optgroup> </select>   What I have tried but doesnt work (I am a beginner, actually my first project)    driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select/option[@value='261']").click()     driver.find_element_by_xpath("//select[@name='userDomain']/option[text()='Other']").click()     select = Select(driver.find_element_by_name('userDomain')) select.select_by_visible_text('Other') select.select_by_value('261').click()     if I do this command  driver.find_element_by_name('userDomain').click()   I can click on the drop-down menu but don't know how to select sponsor.com


I understand the theoretical part of RSA (the concept of public and private keys), but I don't understand the mathematical part. Can anyone please explain it to me in simple terms? Thanks.

What is the definition of textbook or "raw" RSA?  What are some of the properties of textbook RSA?  How does it differ from other schemes based on RSA?


I have seen "for all I know" used in both of the following forms:   For all I know, he may as well be Santa in disguise. For all I know, he's Santa in disguise.   From what I've understood so far, both forms mean the same thing, more or less (they're both wild speculation).  Are both forms considered equally acceptable in scholarly spheres etc., or is one considered "to avoid"?

I saw some sentences using this phrase "for all I know" but wasn't quite sure what is its exact definition and also whether a modal verb such as "could, may or might" expressing uncertainty must be present in the sentence.  The following are some possible definitions:   According to the information I have; I think; probably. (usually implies uncertainty) Based on what I know (usually expressing displeasure)  As far as I know (used to show indifference)  I really don't know (used to show complete ignorance)    And these are statements containing the phrase:   For all I know, the mayor has resigned already. She may have gone to town for all I know. He wears a ring, but he may be single, for all I know. For all I know, there may be someone with you now. The man I met on the beach yesterday seemed friendly, but he could be a thief, for all I know. For all I know, the girl was buried alive in the Arabian sands. They've decided to hire Jack for all I know.   References:        What does the phrase "for all I know" mean exactly?


I am trying to post this question, but it gets rejected as not meeting quality standards. What can I do to fix it?     I have a django application runnin using django cms. I am trying to   make one specific submenu not clickable.      The menu is like this:  item1|item2|item3             sub_item3             sub_item3       What i want is that everything is clickable except for "item3" menu   item .      How can i achieve this knowing item3 is a django-cms page itself as   are each of its children pages ?

While trying to ask a question, I got the error message     This question body does not meet our quality standards. Please make sure that it completely describes your problem - including what you have already tried - and is written using proper grammar.    Why am I getting this message? What can I do to get the system to accept my question? Can you be more specific? What are good resources on how to ask high-quality questions?      For more information, see  in the .


I want to create a data warehouse where data for all tenants are stored in tables under dbo schema. and now I want to create separate schema per tenant so I can create separate users. along with I wish to create views in these tenant specific schema for relevant data only. users created for these schema will have read-only rights on these schemas. Now problem occurs when I create user and grant right on their specific schema but not on dbo. as views created in any schema are reading data from dbo internaly so sql statements gets failed saying that user doesn't have permission on dbo schema. If I grant permission on dbo schema then user gets access to all data.  Can I somehow make it possible to keep data stored centralized and users created for any schema with specific access.

I have a view which is selecting rows from a table in a different database.  I'd like to grant select access to the view, but not direct access to the base table.  The view has a where clause restricting the number of rows.  Can I grant select to the view and not the base table, or do I need to switch to a stored procedure? I would rather not do it the latter way.


My childhood best friend's family would tell their young daughter, maybe 5-7 years old things like "Im gonna call the bad man" or "The bad man's gonna get ya if you dont be good." I dont think they did this a whole lot but even if it was a rare thing for her parents, her older brother definitely took advantage of her fear on this "bad man" thing.   It definitely made her straighten up, but Im wondering if this discipline strategy, "fear of a thing" can have negative side effects.   Now that I'm writing this question, I guess Christians do this with the Devil / "You'll go to Hell if you dont live right", and children are probably more scared by this teaching than adults, if my childhood memory serves me correctly. So if the "bad man" fear disciplinary strategy is a bad thing for kids, might the religious version also have negative effects on them?

Not sure if there is a cultural difference. In our family it is considered normal to frighten the child so that he behaves the way we want.  Example- Parent: Eat that quickly or the God will punish you! Parent: Don't go on the stairs. The ghost is hiding there and it'll catch you! Parent: Be quiet or the police will grab you!  Does this kind of behavior from the parent's side has any abnormal effects on the baby in the longer run? Can this behavior be accepted as normal?  Has any research been done on this aspect?


Q. Determine the values of p and q for which the improper integral converges \begin{equation}  \int_0^{\infty}x^p[\ln(1+x)]^q\,dx \end{equation}  After some calculation, I found out this integral diverges when:  $p,q \leq 0$ or $p \geq 0, q \leq 0$ or $p,q \geq 0$  So we have to only consider when $p < 0, q > 0 $ .  I used integration by parts method but after that, the remaining integral has a different form. For example: \begin{equation} \int_2^{\infty}x^p(\ln x)^q\,dx \end{equation}  This case is rather easy because after using integration by parts, the remaining integral also has a same form, that is:  \begin{equation} {q\over p+1}\int_2^{\infty}x^p(\ln x)^{q-1}\,dx \end{equation}  How do I proceed from here?

The question is to find the value values of $p$ and $q$ such that the improper integral converges or diverges.  My friend indeed found some values of $p$ and $q$ such that it converges, but after many trials, I am still getting divergent for all values.  Via L'Hospital, we have the following:  $$\lim_{x \to 0} x^c\ln(1+x)^q = \infty \space \text{when} \space  c < 0$$ $$\lim_{x \to 0} x^c\ln(1+x)^q = 0 \space \text{when} \space  c > 0$$ $$\lim_{x \to \infty} x^c\ln(1+x)^q = \infty \space \text{when} \space  c > 0$$ $$\lim_{x \to \infty} x^c\ln(1+x)^q = 0 \space \text{when} \space  c < 0$$  Thus, $$\int_1^{\infty} x^p\ln(1+x)^q dx = \int_1^{\infty} x^{p-c}x^c\ln(1+x)^q dx > \int_1^{\infty} x^{p-c} dx$$ which diverges when $p > -1$.  Here, we set $c = \frac{1}{2}(p+1) > 0$.  On the other hand, $$\int_0^1 x^p\ln(1+x)^q dx = \int_0^1 x^{p-c}x^c\ln(1+x)^q dx > \int_0^1 x^{p-c} dx$$ which diverges when $p < -1$.  Here, we set $c = \frac{1}{2}(p+1) < 0$.  Thus, the integral diverges whenever $p \ne –1$.  Then, let $p = -1$.  $$\int_0^{\infty} \frac{1}{x}\ln(1+x)^q dx = \int_0^1 \frac{1}{x}\ln(1+x)^q dx + \int_1^{\infty} \frac{1}{x}\ln(1+x)^q dx $$ $$ \ge \int_0^1 \frac{1}{x+1}\ln(1+x)^q dx + \int_1^{\infty} \frac{1}{x+1}\ln(1+x)^q dx $$  The first summand diverges when $q < -1$ and the second diverges when $q > -1$.  Finally, let $ p = -1$ and $q = -1$.  The integral $\int_0^{\infty} \frac{1}{x\ln(1+x)} dx ≥ \int_0^{\infty} \frac{1}{(x+1)\ln(1+x)} dx$ diverges on both ends.  Did I make a mistake?


I am working on large raster in QGIS and I am doing various simulations on them. There is one thing that I don't understand.   I have a large raster (111 072 kb) that I clip to only have the values I'm interested in. The new raster only retains 3% of the values from the original raster. When I look at the values in QGIS, everything seems right. The values that I clipped have the good values and outside it's only a No data area (which is what I want). However, the clipped raster is still pretty heavy for the amount of value it has (85 596 kb), so approximately 77% of the size of the original raster.  Why is the clipped raster still so heavy and not more or less 3% of the original file size?

I have a geo-tiff created by Pix4D which is about 375 Mb in file size.   I have clipped it to a smaller area using Qgis 2.8(using Raster ‣ Extraction ‣ Clipper), and the output file is about 900 MB in size.  Why did the clipping process generate such a large file, when the source file was smaller?   How do I run the clipper tool so that it produces a smaller size?


I have got function - non linear(I thk), and a set of variable   S=[(x1,y1),(x2,y2)...].   The objective is to find the value for x and y such that   sum of( max(|x-xi|,|y-yi|) for each (xi,yi) element of S is minimized and | | represents absolute value.  Is there any algorithm I can code myself to find the solution i.e x and y.  eg : S=[(1,4),(2,3),(0,1),(1,1)]  for x=1.5 and y=2.5(and some other values as well) the function gives the minimum value : 5 max(|1.5-1|,|2.5-4|)=1.5 max(|1.5-2|,|2.5-3|)=0.5 max(|1.5-0|,|2.5-1|)=1.5 max(|1.5-1|,|2.5-1|)=1.5 sum:5.0

Suppose there are $n$ points $(x_i, y_i)$ for $i = 1,\ldots,n$. Please find another point $(x, y)$ to minimize function: $$\sum_{i=1}^n \max(|x_i - x|, |y_i - y|)$$


I have this in java:  int minimo = Integer.MAX_VALUE;   how would it look in javascript? Is there an equivalent of n"integer" in javascript?  var minimo = Integer.MAX_VALUE;   ?

Is this defined by the language? Is there a defined maximum? Is it different in different browsers?


My chapter name is References. I want all my references under that heading. If I am using bibliography command then all are going under the heading Bibliography. Also I have tried using the natbib package, writing all the references inside a .bib file and using that one inside the reference chapter. But no results are there as outcome.

I'd like to modify the names used to typeset some of my document elements. For example, the caption of figure floats should change from "Figure" to "Fig.", and my \tableofcontents sectioning heading shouldn't read "Contents", but "Table of Contents". How can I do that?  \documentclass{article} % \usepackage[english]{babel} \begin{document} \tableofcontents \section{foo} \begin{figure}[h] \centering \rule{1cm}{1cm}% placeholder for graphic \caption{A figure} \end{figure} \end{document}


I'm very new to Java, I had decent experience with C++ and Python. Now, coming from C++, I miss pass by reference a bit. I wrote code for the approach I want to take: package bs;  public class Main{      private int a = 1;     private int b = 11;      public void inc(int i){         if (i < 6){             inc_all(this.a);         }         else{             inc_all(this.b);         }     }      private void inc_all(int prop){         prop++;     }      public void display(){         System.out.println(a + " " + b);     }      public static void main(String[] args){         Main car = new Main();         int i = 1;         while( i < 11){             car.inc(i);              car.display();             i++;          }     } }  Now, I can write two different functions for incrementing a, b, but I want to write only function and pass the the attribute(a or b) depending on the scenario. In this case, the attributes are clearly not getting incremented (thanks to pass by value). How do I solve this problem without making a and b arrays (I know arrays are always pass by reference)?

I always thought Java uses pass-by-reference. However, I've seen a couple of blog posts (for example, ) that claim that it isn't (the blog post says that Java uses pass-by-value). I don't think I understand the distinction they're making. What is the explanation?


Point P(-2,5) is reflected on the line y=2x/5. How do you find the coordinates of P using linear algebra? P(-2,5) needs to be mapped across the x axis without using the difference formula

Let's take a point $E = (x_A, y_A)$ and line $p: Ax+By+C=0$ Let's find the reflection point of point $E$ over the line $p$    I find the equation of a line perpendicular to $p$ and passing through point E I find the distance between $E$ and $p$: $d(E,p)$ I solve the equation $$d(E,p)=\frac{|Ax_A +B(x_A+m)+C|}{\sqrt{A^2+B^2}}$$   Is there a more effective way to reflect a point around a line?


I started a new survival world and switched to creative just to build my house. When I was done, I switched back to survival. But after I switched back, I found that even when I checked and aimed and held my click, I could not break or place blocks.   I am super sad because I built a huge house and now I can do basically nothing... How can I fix it?  I have tried switching modes and shutting my computer down, but nothing helps.

I'm playing on a Survival world with cheats on, "easy" difficulty, and at night in-game. I didn't have a sword or anything to make a sword with, and I was starving, so I switched to Creative to give myself a stack of food and a bed to set my spawn point. When I switched back to Survival, I couldn't destroy or place blocks. I'm on single player, and my Internet is fine, and I can destroy blocks still if I switch to creative. I've tried resetting the button one, and reloading the map, and it still doesn't work. I've even tried deleting everything I gave myself in Creative. This happened before on a different world and I ended up deleting it.  This only happens on this world. How do I fix it?  If I know I'm in the correct game mode, what else can cause this?  Are there different causes in multiplayer?


I am writing a program that takes raw double values from a database and converts them to 8-byte hex strings, but I don't know how to prevent loss of precision. The data recieved from all devices are stored as doubles, including the 8-byte identification values. Instances of doubles such as 7.2340172821234e+16 parse correctly without loss of precision, where the exponent is 10^16. However, in instances where the exponent is 10^17, Java loses precision. For example, 2.88512954935019e+17 is interpreted by Java as 1.44464854248327008E17 The code I am using looks like this: public Foo(double bar) {     this.barString = Long.toHexString((long) bar);     if (barString.length == 15) {         barString = "0" + barString; //to account for leading zeroes lost on data entry     } }  I am using a test case similar to this to test it: @Test public void testFooConstructor() {     OtherClass other = new OtherClass();          OtherClass.Foo test0 = other.new Foo(72340172821234000d); //7.2340172821234e+16     assertEquals("0101010100000150", test0.barString); //This test passes          OtherClass.Foo test1 = other.new Foo(144464854248327000d);//1.44464854248327e+17     assertEquals("02013e0500000758, test1.barString); //This test fails }  The unit test states: Expected: 02013e0500000758 Actual:   02013e0500000760  When I print out the values that Java stored 72340172821234000d and 144464854248327000d as it respectively prints:  7.2340172821234E16 1.44464854248327008E17  The latter value is off by 8, which seems to be consistent for the few that I have tested. Is there anything I can do to correct this error? EDIT: This is not a problem where I care about what is past the ones place. The question that some think this is a duplicate of is asking why floating point numbers are less precise, I am asking how to avoid the loss of precision, through similar workarounds to those that  suggested.

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


Solved: it was a bug in the import texlive package.    I've just got to reinstall my tex-live install and after that I've got the following problem during compilation using a dissertation template:  (/usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsfonts/umsa.fd) (/usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsfonts/umsb.fd) chapter 1.  ! LaTeX Error: File `umsb.fd' not found.   I do not understand it, since the file is there:  zoltan@aprosag ~/Dropbox/design/My_papers/TUD_dist_vorlage $ head /usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsfonts/umsb.fd %% %% This is file `umsb.fd', %% generated with the docstrip utility.   I've used LaTeX for a few documents, but I am still very far from being an expert, and my assumption that the files in parenthesis are the ones what the engine try to load at the moment, seems to be incorrect or there has to be some other issues. What does the files in the parenthesis mean? Why is the problem only related to umsb and not to umsa? Since I have not seen any other clue, I do not know how to proceed with the debugging.  Unfortunately the error is related to the used template. I would like to understand the error before I am looking for another template.  I've used pdflatex to compile the document.

Everything worked fine before using TexLive for updating my packages three days ago. Now it is not possible anymore to use the package subfiles   Here are the MWE  The minimum Preamble.tex file  \documentclass{amsart} \usepackage{subfiles}   The MWE.tex file  \documentclass[MWE.tex]{subfiles} \begin{document} MWE \end{document}   When I compile the MWE file I get on the console  This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.20 (TeX Live 2019) (preloaded >format=pdflatex)  restricted \write18 enabled. entering extended mode  (./MWE.tex  LaTeX2e <2020-02-02> patch level 5  L3 programming layer <2020-02-25> (/usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/latex/subfiles/subfiles.cls  Document Class: subfiles 2020/02/14 v16 Multi-file projects (class)  Preamble taken from file `MWE.tex'  (/usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/verbatim.sty)  (/usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/latex/import/import.sty)  ! LaTeX Error: File `import.sty' not found.  Type X to quit or <RETURN> to proceed, or enter new name. (Default extension: sty)  Enter file name:   I checked and the import.sty file is in the right directory, and everything worked fine before. Do you have any idea about what happened (apart from the fact that I should not upgrade stuff before the official releases of TexLive I suppose  ...)?


Let $(X_n)_{n\ge 1}$ be a sequence of i.i.d standard normal r.v's. I am trying to show that $$ \frac{\max_{1\le i \le n} X_i}{\sqrt{2\log n}}$$ converges to 1 a.s. Using tail bounds, a common problem to prove is $\limsup_n\frac{X_n}{n}=1$ holds with probability 1. Does the result of interest extend this problem easily or is it something else entirely?

Lets $(X_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ be an iid sequence of standard normal random variables. Define $$M_n=\max_{1\leq i\leq n} X_i.$$ Prove that $$\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty} \frac{M_n}{\sqrt{2\log n}}=1\quad\text{a.s.}$$  I used the fact that $$\left(\frac{1}{x}-\frac{1}{x^3}\right)e^{-\frac{x^2}{2}}\leq\mathbb P(X_n>x)\leq \frac{1}{x}e^{-\frac{x^2}{2}},$$  and the Borel Cantelli lemmas to prove that   $$\limsup_{n\rightarrow\infty} \frac{X_n}{\sqrt{2\log n}}=1\quad\text{a.s.}$$  I used Davide Giraudo's comment to show $$\limsup_n \frac{M_n}{\sqrt{2\log n}}=1\quad \text{a.s.}$$  I have no idea how to compute the $\liminf$. Borel-Cantelli give us tools to compute the $\limsup$ of sets, I am unsure of how to argue almost sure convergence. Any help would be appreciated.


Prove $\frac{21n + 4}{14n + 3}$ is irreducible for every natural number $n$.  I was thinking of taking a number-theory based approach.  Can you suggest the following method  Calculus/Number theory based methods? Please take a look at my attempt here.   Assume $\frac{21n + 4}{14n + 3}$ is reducible so we can apply modular arithmethic, considering the numerator and denominator seperately.  Ideas here,  $21n + 4 \equiv 4 (\mod 7)$ $14n + 3 \equiv 3 (\mod 7)$  $35n + 7 \equiv 7 (\mod 7)$  Taking the LHS separately, $35n + 7 (\mod 7) \equiv DNE$ there is no residue since there is no remainder.   Therefore, by contradiction, it is true?  Thanks!

I have a proof of $\frac{21n+4}{14n+3}$ being an irreducible fraction for any positive integer $n$. The proof starts with the following: Indeed, from the equality: $$2(21n+4)-3(14n+3)=-1$$ and so on..But how does this equality follow from the fraction?


I've ran into an interesting problem. I normally mark my equations with p1:e1 ,..., pn:en, e.g. \label{p1:e1}. Is there a way for me to view all of the labels I have used previously without the need to skim through my document, so I can decide what to mark my future labels accordingly?

I am writing a large document using LaTeX and WinEdt.  I have labeled each chapter, section and so on.  I would like to print out a list of just the labels (so that I don't duplicate one later on, and so that I have it handy in order to write \refs).    Is there a way to do this?


I'm on a Japanese food kick after starting Midnight Diner on Netflix, and recently purchased a rice cooker. I'm experimenting with the delayed rice setting, and have programmed the device to have my rice ready approximately three hours from now. Instead of water, I'm using chicken stock from a brand new, unopened box. I'm pretty sure that there is nothing unsafe about this, but the box does say that unused stock should be refrigerated after opening. Is there any reason to worry about leaving two cups of chicken stock in a rice cooker for approximately two hours before the machine begins cooking?

If I left food out of the refrigerator for some period of time, is it still safe? If I left it out too long, can I salvage it by cooking it more?


I'm trying to search  user by his name, Deepak Rai. But when I'm searching, I'm not getting his profile. This is what I'm getting:    The search should show that user as well with pink color Avatar.

Trying to find myself on the  I run into weird results. My display name is "Erwin Brandstetter", obviously.  If I type Erwin, I find myself in the search results. If I type Branst, I find myself in the search results. If I type Erwin B or even Erwin Brandstetter, I am not found.  Tried the same with Jon Skeet or Brad Larson and others, no problem. Works either way. Tried the same on a couple of SE sites. Same effects everywhere. Here on meta, too.  Seems broken to me?


Can I prove that Fermat's Principle (i.e. that light beam travels between two points in the path that require minimum time) using the Least Action Principle for electromagnetic wave? (from analytical mechanics).

How is the following classical optics phenomenon explained in quantum electrodynamics?   Reflection and Refraction   Are they simply due to photons being absorbed and re-emitted? How do we get to Snell's law, for example, in that case?  Split by request: See the other part of this question .


I have an issue where in a form if I input special characters (e.g. åöä) they get rendered fine in my database. However, I also have a checkbox with a value that gets inputted into another column and these columns doesnt render it correctly.  Things I've tried:  mysqli_set_charset("utf8", $con);  $con->query("SET NAMES 'utf8'");     (first two characters are inputs ive entered, other column is a checkbox value)  html checkbox    value   All files are utf8, html code is utf8, database is utf8.  I'm completely out of ideas at the moment.  Edit, solved:

I'm setting up a new server and want to support UTF-8 fully in my web application. I have tried this in the past on existing servers and always seem to end up having to fall back to ISO-8859-1.  Where exactly do I need to set the encoding/charsets? I'm aware that I need to configure Apache, MySQL, and PHP to do this — is there some standard checklist I can follow, or perhaps troubleshoot where the mismatches occur?  This is for a new Linux server, running MySQL 5, PHP, 5 and Apache 2.


According to Gödel's incompleteness theorem, no matter how many statements you prove, you will always have a set of statements not proved. Does this imply that some time in the future, scientific development will come to a halt due to our inability to discover/invent anything new?

prevents a universal axiomatic system for math. Is there any reason to believe that it also prevents a  for physics?    Edit:  I haven't before seen a formulation of Gödel that included time. The formulation I've seen is that any axiomatic systems capable of doing arithmetic can express statements that will be either 1) impossible to prove true or false or 2) possible to prove both true and false.  This leads to the question: Are theories of (nearly) everything, axiomatic systems capable of doing arithmetic? (Given they are able to describe a digital computer, I think it's safe to say they are.) If so, it follows that such a theory will be able to describe something that the theory will be either unable to analyse or will result in an ambiguous result. (Might this be what forces things like the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?)


How to calculate posterior distribution step-by-step while given:   some observed numbers of customers from the last days that number of clients is distributed by Poisson($\lambda$) ($\lambda$ is not given) that prior distribution of $\lambda$ is Gamma(a, b)   And after that, how to calculate ptobabilities of getting x number of clients the next day?

I want to calculate the posterior distribution given a gamma-prior and a poisson likelihood. The task is from a textbook and I just have the solutions (without a walkthrough). Please find all given information in the following:  Given information:  $m$ countries each with a population of $n_i$; $y_i$ is the number of people having a disease; $y_i$ is a poisson random variable with mean $\frac{n_i*\lambda}{100}$  The prior distribution for $\lambda$: $\lambda \sim Gamma(a_0,b_0)$  Task:  Show that the posterior distribution is also a gamma distribution with $a_m = a_0 + \sum_{i = 1}^{m}y_i$ and $b_m = b_0 + \sum_{i = 1}^{m} \frac{n_i}{100}$  My solution:  $Posterior \propto Likelihood \times Prior$  $p(\theta|y) \propto \prod_{i=1}^{m}(\theta^{y_i}e^{-\theta})\times \theta^{a_0-1}e^{-b_0\theta}$  $p(\theta|y) \propto \theta^{\sum_{i = 1}^{m}y_i}e^{-m\theta}\times \theta^{a_0-1}e^{-b_0\theta}$  $p(\theta|y) \propto \theta^{\sum_{i = 1}^{m}y_i+a_0-1}e^{-\theta(m+b_0)}$  $a_m = a_0 + \sum_{i = 1}^{m}y_i$  $b_m = b_0 + m \neq b_0 + \sum_{i = 1}^{m} \frac{n_i}{100}$  I think I am doing a mistake, because I don't know how to incorporate the information that the mean of $y_i$ is given as $\frac{n_i*\lambda}{100}$. Or do I just have to transform $b_m$ somehow? Can someone may give me a hint?   Thank you already in advance!  Edit 1: Considering first advices  $Likelihood: p(y | \theta) \propto \prod_{i=1}^{m}(\frac{n_i\lambda}{100})^{y_i}e^{-\frac{n_i\lambda}{100}}$  $\propto \prod_{i = 1}^{m} ((\frac{n_i}{100})^{y_i})\lambda^{\sum_{i=1}^{m}y_i}e^{-\lambda\sum_{i=1}^{m}\frac{n_i}{100}}$  $\propto \lambda^{\sum_{i=1}^{m}y_i}e^{-\lambda\sum_{i=1}^{m}\frac{n_i}{100}}$  Is the transformation of $\prod_{i=1}^{m}$ I did from the first to the second step correct?


I would like to have the variables (defined in Latex3) aligned in a table with the decimal point. Of course, without using the "trial and error" extra space ",". Is there any possibility? Thank you very much. P.S. This question is specific to Latex3 and should not be assimilated to a Latex2e well known method to align numbers in tables. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xparse} \usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}  \usepackage{siunitx,booktabs}  % \ExplSyntaxOn \NewDocumentCommand{\calcnumd}{o m}   {\IfValueTF{#1}      {\num[round-mode = figures, round-precision = #1, round-integer-to-decimal]{\fp_to_decimal:n{#2}}}      {\num{\fp_to_decimal:n{#2}}}   } % data \fp_set:Nn \dhfbiox {33.18} \fp_set:Nn \dhftetrox {9.16} \fp_set:Nn \dgfbiox {51.31} \fp_set:Nn \dgftetrox {97.89} \fp_set:Nn \cpbiox {37.20} \fp_set:Nn \cptetrox {77.28} % calculations % \ExplSyntaxOff % \begin{document}  \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{l|ccc}    & $\Delta_f H^{\ominus}$ & $\Delta_f G^{\ominus}$ & $C_P$ \\    & \si{\kilo\joule\per\mole} & \si{\kilo\joule\per\mole} & \si{\joule\per\kelvin\per\mole} \\ \midrule \ce{NO2} & \calcnumd{\dhfbiox} & \calcnumd{\dgfbiox} & \calcnumd[4]{\cpbiox} \\ \ce{N2O4} & \,\,\,\calcnumd{\dhftetrox} & \calcnumd{\dgftetrox} & \calcnumd{\cptetrox} \\ \bottomrule \end{tabular} \end{center}  \end{document}

I would like to have the variables (defined in Latex3) aligned in a table with the decimal point. Of course, without using the "trial and error" extra space ",". Is there any possibility? Thank you very much. \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xparse} \usepackage[version=4]{mhchem}  \usepackage{siunitx,booktabs}  % \ExplSyntaxOn \NewDocumentCommand{\calcnumd}{o m}   {\IfValueTF{#1}      {\num[round-mode = figures, round-precision = #1, round-integer-to-decimal]{\fp_to_decimal:n{#2}}}      {\num{\fp_to_decimal:n{#2}}}   } % data \fp_set:Nn \dhfbiox {33.18} \fp_set:Nn \dhftetrox {9.16} \fp_set:Nn \dgfbiox {51.31} \fp_set:Nn \dgftetrox {97.89} \fp_set:Nn \cpbiox {37.20} \fp_set:Nn \cptetrox {77.28} % calculations % \ExplSyntaxOff % \begin{document}  \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{l|ccc}    & $\Delta_f H^{\ominus}$ & $\Delta_f G^{\ominus}$ & $C_P$ \\    & \si{\kilo\joule\per\mole} & \si{\kilo\joule\per\mole} & \si{\joule\per\kelvin\per\mole} \\ \midrule \ce{NO2} & \calcnumd{\dhfbiox} & \calcnumd{\dgfbiox} & \calcnumd[4]{\cpbiox} \\ \ce{N2O4} & \,\,\,\calcnumd{\dhftetrox} & \calcnumd{\dgftetrox} & \calcnumd{\cptetrox} \\ \bottomrule \end{tabular} \end{center}  \end{document}


As an introduction, I am a novice- ah hem, trainee GM. A pro D&D/Dungeon World player has been helping me, but I ran into a problem while running Dungeon World. One of my player characters (a female Salamander Immolator) was at camp with a vampire attacking and almost all of the rolls she made had a consequence with them, and I ended up having to have the character rescued. It has also happened to me as a player and I am wondering how I could make the first encounter easy even when the player has bad luck?

I am having trouble understanding the specifics of failure in Dungeon World. According to the rules, a GM should "make a move" against players when they fail, and that's alright, I get that.  What I don't get is how a GM is supposed to advance the plot by doing so. Let's take an example:  Rick the Fighter is climbing a massive chain that serves to hold down the wizards tower, preventing it from drifting off. He makes the move Defy Danger, to avoid slipping of, since it's raining hard, and the chain is slippery with algae and moss. He rolls and get a score of 5, meaning he fails.  In the above situation, he fails climbing the chain, so the GM should make a move. I have a hard time seeing what move would advance the story here, since I feel that the failure would imply that he doesn't get to the tower.  Is this one of those situations, where you just skip making a roll, and just let the players climb the chain, or does anyone have any idea how to handle the move, so that the story is advanced somehow?  I just want to be able to give the players some dangers that aren't traps and monsters, and I thought that a flying wizards tower was cool. I'm having a hard time seeing how I can advance the story on a failure in this situation.    Let me elaborate on the problem. I will not say that it's wrong to make the players succeed with some "cost", even on a failed roll, it just makes true "failure" impossible. That's my beef about it. The players will eventually succeed at anything that doesn't outright kill them.


I know it's not possible to encrypt JS code, but how can I make it difficult to understand for everyone, like jquery.min.js?

I want to make a JavaScript application that's not open source, and thus I wish to learn how to can obfuscate my JS code? Is this possible?


I am wondering if it  is legal to submit a work as fresh manuscript to a journal although we have already uploaded it somewhere else as a preprint? Most of the journals/publishers require that the work at hand should not be submitted anywhere else. So I am wondering how the people who firstly put stuff  as a preprint on the researchgate and ArXiv deal with this issue!

If I publish a pre-print paper on arXiv, how can I guarantee exclusive rights to the publisher afterwards? Am I unable to publish on non-open access journals after I publish a pre-print on arXiv ?


I am running Apache2 webserver and someone has attempted to hack me. using this .  How can can find if the attack worked and what its done if it has worked. I'm running Kali Linux 2.0.    Further information:    So far,    I have checked my apache2 logs and have found this:     I have done whois lookups and found the IP to be a french ISP and     the IRC server of the bot in the script is based in china (probably     due to relaxed laws). I have set my firewall to only allow in on 80 for now but am worried what is going out. (If I set my firewall to only allow out on port 80 but then I can't connect to the web for some reason.)   I have checked my syslog (took hours to do) I have monitored my traffic with wireshark - which shows no connections that shouldn't be there.   I have checked system monitor for a while but wouldn't know what processes shouldn't be there anyway.  Apache2 service is currently 'not active' :( (I felt it best to turn apache off while I learn about this)   The whole point in my setting up the server was to learn about hosting websites and servers from Linux machines using apache2. This is exactly what I wanted in a way so I can learn from this hack/mistake.   So now I'm lost and don't know what to do next.    What was cox.pl even trying to do?    How do I know if what it wanted to do worked?

This is a  about Server Security - Responding to Breach Events (Hacking)   See Also:                  Canonical Version I suspect that one or more of my servers is compromised by a hacker, virus, or other mechanism:   What are my first steps? When I arrive on site should I disconnect the server, preserve "evidence", are there other initial considerations? How do I go about getting services back online? How do I prevent the same thing from happening immediately again? Are there best practices or methodologies for learning from this incident? If I wanted to put a Incident Response Plan together, where would I start? Should this be part of my Disaster Recovery or Business Continuity Planning?   Original Version       2011.01.02 - I'm on my way into work at 9.30 p.m. on a Sunday because our server has been compromised somehow and was resulting in a    attack on our provider. The servers access to the Internet   has been shut down which means over 5-600 of our clients sites are now   down. Now this could be an FTP hack, or some weakness in code   somewhere. I'm not sure till I get there.      How can I track this down quickly? We're in for a whole lot of   litigation if I don't get the server back up ASAP. Any help is   appreciated. We are running Open SUSE 11.0.            2011.01.03 - Thanks to everyone for your help. Luckily I WASN'T the only person responsible for this server, just the nearest. We managed   to resolve this problem, although it may not apply to many others in a   different situation. I'll detail what we did.      We unplugged the server from the net. It was performing (attempting to   perform) a Denial Of Service attack on another server in Indonesia,   and the guilty party was also based there.      We firstly tried to identify where on the server this was coming from,   considering we have over 500 sites on the server, we expected to be   moonlighting for some time. However, with SSH access still, we ran a   command to find all files edited or created in the time the attacks   started. Luckily, the offending file was created over the winter   holidays which meant that not many other files were created on the   server at that time.      We were then able to identify the offending file which was inside the   uploaded images folder within a  website.      After a short cigarette break we concluded that, due to the files   location, it must have been uploaded via a file upload facility that   was inadequetly secured. After some googling, we found that there was   a security vulnerability that allowed files to be uploaded, within the   ZenCart admin panel, for a picture for a record company. (The section   that it never really even used), posting this form just uploaded any   file, it did not check the extension of the file, and didn't even   check to see if the user was logged in.      This meant that any files could be uploaded, including a PHP file for   the attack. We secured the vulnerability with ZenCart on the infected   site, and removed the offending files.      The job was done, and I was home for 2 a.m.            The Moral   - Always apply security patches for ZenCart, or any other CMS system for that matter. As when security updates are released, the whole   world is made aware of the vulnerability.   - Always do backups, and backup your backups.   - Employ or arrange for someone that will be there in times like these. To prevent anyone from relying on a panicy post on Server   Fault.