i have a table which holds some columns,  ID(IntPK), Name(Text), Quantity(Int), Total(Int), Hour(Int),Date(Int)  I want to only have to insert a Name, a Quantity, and a Total, and then whenever a field is inserted into this table, i want it to automatically fill the hour and date with say, the hour and date from the computer.. Is there a way? I don't want to have to be typing the date and hour in everytime i insert a new field..  import sqlite3 conn = sqlite3.connect('Inventario.db') c = conn.cursor() conn.commit()  c.execute('''CREATE table if not exists sales(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, client TEXT, qty INTEGER, total INTEGER, hour INTEGER, date INTEGER)''')

Is it possible in a sqlite database to craete a table that has a timestamp column that default to DATETIME('now') ?  Like this:  CREATE TABLE test (     id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,      t TIMESTAMP DEFAULT DATETIME('now') );   This gives an error... How to resolve?


$$ \xi = \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} e^{\sin(x)}dx $$ We can take advantage of the fact that $e^x$ has a simple McLaurin series: $$ e^x = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!} $$ Substituting $\sin(x)$ $$ \xi = \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} \sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{\sin^nx}{n!} dx $$ Switching the bounds of integration: $$ \xi =\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{1}{n!} \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\sin^nx \, dx $$ We let $$ I_n = \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\sin^nx \, dx = \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\sin^{n-1}x \sin x\, dx $$ Using integration by parts: $$ I_n = \left[-\sin^{n-1}x \cos x \right]_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} + (n-1)\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\left( \sin^{n-2}x - \sin^{n}x\right) $$ $$ I_n = \frac{n-1}{n}I_{n-2} $$ We can see that we get different results when $n$ is odd or even. We know that $I_0 = \frac{\pi}{2}$ and $I_1 =1$. So for any $n$ we have: $$ \begin{cases} n \,\textrm{even}\, , \quad I_{2n} = \frac{\pi}{2} \prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k-1}{2k}\\ n \,\textrm{odd}\, , \quad I_{2n+1} =  \prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k}{2k+1} \end{cases} $$ We can now use this for $\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\sin^nx$ in $\xi$: $$ \xi = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left[\frac{\pi}{2(2n)!}\prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k-1}{2k} \right] + \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left[\frac{1}{(2n+1)!}\prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k}{2k+1} \right] $$ Merging: $$ \int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} e^{\sin(x)}dx = \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left[\frac{\pi}{2(2n)!}\prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k-1}{2k} + \frac{1}{(2n+1)!}\prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k}{2k+1} \right] $$

I want to calculate the integral  $$\int_0^{\frac{\pi}{2}} e ^{ \sin t}\, dt.$$ Can we find a primitive function for $f(t) = e ^{\sin t}$?


`#bulb{width:100px; height: 100px; border: 1px #333 solid; margin: 20px;}     #bulb.active{background: yellow;}`   <button type="button" id="toggle">toggle</button>  <button type="button" id="getState">getState</button>  <button type="button" id="off">off</button>  <button type="button" id="on">on</button>  <button type="button" id="blink">blink</button>

         var $ = function(el){             return document.getElementById(el);         };         var bulb = $('bulb');         var lightBulbAPI = {             toggle : function(){                 if(bulb.className == 'active'){                     bulb.className = '';                     }else{                     bulb.className = 'active';                 }             },             getState : function(){                 if(bulb.className == 'active'){                     console.log("ON");                   }else{                     console.log("OFF");                  }             },             off : function(){                 if(bulb.className == 'active'){                     bulb.className = '';                     }                 bulb.className = '';                 clearInterval();             },             on : function(){                 bulb.className = 'active';             },             blink : function(){                 setInterval(function(){                     console.log(this.off);                     if(bulb.className == 'active'){                         bulb.className = '';                         }else{                         bulb.className = 'active';                     }                 }, 300);             }         };          $('on').addEventListener('click', lightBulbAPI.on);          $('off').addEventListener('click', lightBulbAPI.off);             $('getState').addEventListener('click', lightBulbAPI.getState);           $('toggle').addEventListener('click', lightBulbAPI.toggle);          $('blink').addEventListener('click', lightBulbAPI.blink);

I am using setInterval(fname, 10000); to call a function every 10 seconds in JavaScript. Is it possible to stop calling it on some event?   I want the user to be able to stop the repeated refresh of data.


Either Pronunciation is OK? or not OK? My wife is learning English and she came up with the “either problem”. What to reply? I had always used both pronunciations but in a specific way and seem to remember being taught that way. However, when I went to check this on the net this did not seem to be the case until I saw the comment posted below which was originally posted on this site. This fits with my usage. My Question; Are we correct? is this just an old rule that has become forgot with time? P.S. I am from the UK, Midlands. Original post: I found that I tend to use "eye-ther" before words beginning with a consonant sound and "ee-ther" before words beginning with a vowel sound. The same applies when I use neither. E.g. "eye-ther this or that", "eye-ther him or her", "ee-ther a pineapple or a grape", "ee-ther orange or black"

There are two common pronunciations of "either": British /ˈaɪðər/ and American /ˈiːðər/. If Americans are more or less consistent in this regard, then the Brits seem to be freely using both. In fact, from what I can tell, "either this or that" is more often in the first form, whereas "me either" is in the second. But I may be wrong. Is there any kind of an informal rule in the modern British English with regard to this?


I was working through Harvard data science course: I came across this question:  Assume you have $M$ polls with sample sizes $n_1,\ldots,n_M$. If the polls are independent, what is the average of the variances of each poll if the true proportion is $p$?    I know the general definition of variance, deviation from the mean square. But in this case how are they defining variance of a single poll as $p(1-p)\over{n}$?

When I watch the news I've noticed that the Gallup polls for things like presidential elections have [I assume random] sample sizes of well over 1,000.  From what I remember from college statistics was that a sample size of 30 was a "significantly large" sample.  It was made to seem that a sample size over 30 is pointless due to diminishing returns.


Here is my working example. When I add pictures and mathematical formulas, everything looks much worse. The more complicated is content, the less aligned are lines.  \documentclass[a4paper]{article} \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} \usepackage{lipsum}  \begin{document}  \section{One} \lipsum{1-11}  \section{Two} \lipsum{1-11}  \section{Three} \lipsum{1-11}  \end{document}   Here is a printscreen from pdf viewer, I added few horizontal lines to show the problem. Corresponding baselines are not on the same height, are too high or too low   I also wish to know how set:   height of a text line in paragraph (is it fontsize?) height of space between text lines in paragraph (\baselineskip - fontsize?) height of space before and after a paragraph height of a text line in section/chapter/part name height of space between text lines in section/chapter/part name height of space before and after a section/chapter/part name height of space before and after an environment (equation, figure, itemize)   I know how to add \vspace{value}, but I don't know where, I don't know how to overwrite defaults. I prefer to define those all values in one place (at the beginning of document) and use them by own environments/commands (\mysection{}) or by standard environments/commands (\section{}). Can someone show me how to do it  Can you help me? And sorry for my bad English

I'd like to typeset documents using the '' of page layout. Good examples are on pages 40-53 of . The  package is helpful for this, but two additional features would be useful:   Automatic flow of text across (arbitrarily placed) columns / textpos blocks. Vertical line spacing enforced to be an integer multiple of a base line spacing, even when interrupted (for example) by an equation of arbitrary height.   Any ideas as to how either or both of these could be accomplished?


I have a sed command that removes comments in a file as,  sed -i /^#/d /path/to/file   This works but not when the comments are indented/have a preceding space.  like  #this is a good comment           ---- works     #this is an indented comment  ---- doesn't work   How can i change it to remove lines that has # as the first visible character?

I have a file which includes comments: foo bar stuff #Do not show this... morestuff evenmorestuff#Or this  I want to print the file without including any of the comments: foo bar stuff morestuff evenmorestuff  There are a lot of applications where this would be helpful.  What is a good way to do it?


I have a proof that I'm working on and it goes like this:  Assume $a_k > 0$ and $a_k$ is monotonically decreasing. Show that: $$\sum_{k=1}^\infty a_k < \infty \iff \sum_{k=0}^\infty b_k < \infty$$  where $b_k = 2^k a_{2^k}$  My problem is that I don't know where I can start versus what I have to show beforehand. Do I start by showing that since $a_k > 0$ and it is monotonically decreasing, then we also assume that $\sum_{k=1}^\infty a_k < \infty$ and use that assumption to get to the RHS of the relationship?  I'm still fairly new to proofs, so I'm not sure, but think that this is how it works.  However, I don't have much of a good idea on how to show that the left-hand side is true only if the right hand side is true.  Any and all help and encouragement is appreciated.

I have to prove the  by tomorrow and I am really unconfident about what I did:  $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n\text{ converges } \iff \sum_{n=1}^\infty 2^n a_{2^n}\text{ converges}$$  I did the following:  Let $(b_n)$ be a sequence as follow: $b_{2^k+m}:=a_{2^k}$ with $k\in\mathbb N_0$ and $0\leq m<2^k$.  It's $a_{n+1}\leq a_n$ and so $0\leq a_{n+p}\leq a_n$ for all $n,p\in\mathbb N$.  So $\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty b_n$ converges by the majorizing series $\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty a_n$. And it's $\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty b_n=\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty\sum\limits_{m=0}^{2^n-1}a_{2^{n+1}}=\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty 2^{n-1}a_{2^n}$ so $\Rightarrow$ is done.  For $\Leftarrow$ consider $c_{2^k+m}:=a_{2^k}$ with $k\in\mathbb N_0$ and $0\leq m<2^k$.  It's $|a_n|\leq c_n$ and $\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty c_n=\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty\sum\limits_{m=0}^{2^n-1}a_{2^{n}}=\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty 2^{n}a_{2^n}$ and so $\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty a_n$ converges by the majorizing series $\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty c_n$.  Is this in form and content correct?


People, I am still not satisfied with the answers because the answers that people gave me like e.g. you arrived at 10:10 and now is 12:50 and people keep telling me that it is normal to round up to 3 hours and say it happened 3 hours ago but for me it is really weird, I never used it like this and it feels not true to me. I do not know why.  If somebody told me during 12:50 that it happened 3 hours ago I would imagine it happened some time between 9:00 - 9:59.  That is why more logic seems more natural to me but I have not found a single person on this forum or other forums using it like me... When I want to tell how many hours ago it happened I normally do this process (now is 12:50 so I take 12 and I arrived at 10:10 so I take 10 and make 12-10 =2 so it happend two hours ago and I do not care about minutes. It just tells me it happened some time during 10:00-10:59) Do you understand what I am trying to say? Is really nobody using it like this?  For example, when somebody called you at 10 you do not mean he called you exactly at 10:00 but people mean by it sometime between 10:00-10:59.  And so I cannot imagine anybody saying at 12:50 that the person called me 3 hours ago. I would say 2 hours ago meaning sometime between 10:00-10:59.  Do people use it like this in casual speak? That they do not precisely count the minutes they just take hours and make operation like 12-10 and say 2. Though it can already be more than 120 minutes maybe even 170 but still less than 180 minutes.

I tried a small experiment. I posted a post on Facebook at exactly: 21:01 and waited to see how many hours ago it will say. When it was 22:50 it still said that my post was posted 1 hour ago.  Though some days back on this forum some people told me that when something started at 21:01 and it is 22:50 that I should say it started 2 hours ago.  So whom should I trust now?  All social networks like Facebook, Instagram and YouTube etc. use the system where it would say 1 hour ago even if it was 119 minutes already, so meaning they will never say it was 2 hours ago unless at least 120 minutes passed.  This was the way I used to express 1 hour ago as well. However, since I heard the answers from many other people I feel unsure about it right now...  I am talking about casual speech with friends etc. In such scenario. What would you say? 1 or 2 hours ago? Is Facebook/YouTube/Instagram wrong or?   if we decide to agree on the theory that if it is more than 1 hour and 40 minutes it is a good idea to round to 2 hours ago.   So what time span would you imagine if something happened let say 10:10, now it is 11:50.  If somebody said to me that something happened 2 hours ago and I looked on time saying 11:50 I would image that it happened some time between. (9:30-9:50)  That is why it feels so weird for me to say 2 hours ago thought it has not been more two hours yet.   I dont know why but more logical for me it feels to say 1 hour ago though it can already be more than 100 minutes  and still just say that it happened an hour ago when talking with friends, teachers, whoever in casual speech unless it is something super important i would say exactly hours and minutes.  How do you say it in your life? How do you express time in such situations? Do you express time the same way as Facebook or?   I know that some of you may think this is some kind of joke, unfortunately it is not and I am going crazy and depressed without knowing system for this... It has been already 2 months and I still feel overwhelmed with this ideas and questions... I cannot help myself, please help me, please.  Thanks for your help.


My company is sending me for a business trip to UK but now after doing all the work of appointment and biometrics I reviewed the soft copy of my application form and I saw that by mistake I put my father's first name in my mother's surname field. I don't how this happened but I think I was in a rush and really had no idea because this is the first time I was supposed to travel. I am so depressed and tensed now and I am 100% sure they'll reject my application on the basis of this mistake. I don't know how I'll tell about this to my employer. Does anyone have any suggestion please?

I've gone through all similar questions but I believe my specific question doesn't have an answer yet.  I've applied for a Standard Visitor visa. After I completed the application, made an appointment and paid the fee, I noticed that the way I spelled my name on the application differs from how it is spelled in the passport by 1 letter (this is partially because of myself being an idiot, but mainly because my new passport has an incorrect transliteration of my name, whereas my old passport and any other document in my life has the correct one).  So here are the options I see:   Print the application and make a pen-and-ink correction with a black ballpoint pen by crossing the printed name/letter and writing the correct one - as answers to other similar questions suggests. Edit the PDF electronically and print it so that there are no visible corrections. However, as the form is saved at their end, there will be a discrepance between the printed form and saved form with no visible signs of correction.   Which way has better chance for me to have my application accepted?  Also (probably doesn't matter much but still): if it's the pen-and-ink correction, is it better to cross-out the whole name or only the wrong letter?


I'm trying to make my STM32 communicate VIA Can. Therefore I'm making use of the CAN transceiver MCP 2551. In many circuits I've seen a 100 nF between Ground and Vdd. What is the reason for that? Here an example:

What is a decoupling capacitor (or smoothing capacitor as referred to in the link below)?  How do I know if I need one and if so, what size and where it needs to go?    mentions many chips needing one between VCC and GND; how do I know if a specific chip is one?   Would an  4-bit parallel access shift register used with an Arduino need one? (To use my current project as an example) Why or why not?  I feel like I'm starting to understand the basics of resistors and some places they're used, what values should be used in said places, etc, and I'd like to understand capacitors at the basic level as well.


There is a very simple proof by means of divisibility that $\sqrt 2$ is irrational. I have to prove that $\sqrt 3$ is irrational too, as a homework. I have done it as follows, ad absurdum:  Suppose $$\sqrt 3= \frac p q$$  with $p/q$ irreducible, then  $$\begin{align} & 3q^2=p^2 \\ & 2q^2=p^2-q^2 \\ &2q^2=(p+q)(p-q) \\ \end{align}$$  Now I exploit the fact that $p$ and $q$ can't be both even, so it is the case that they are either both odd, or have different parity. Suppose then that $p=2n+1$ and $q=2m+1$  Then it is the case that  $$\begin{align} &p-q=2(n-m) \\ &p+q=2(m+n+1) \\ \end{align}$$  Which means that  $$\begin{align} &2q^2=4(m-n)(m+n+1) \\ &q^2=2(m-n)(m+n+1) \\ \end{align}$$  Then $q^2$ is even, and so is then $q$, which is absurd. Similarly, suppose $q=2n$ and $p=2m+1$.  Then $p+q=2(m+n)+1$ and $p-q=2(m-n)+1$. So it is the case that  $$\begin{align} &2q^2=(2(m-n)+1)(2(m+n)+1)\\ &2q^2=4(m^2+m-n^2)+1 \\ \end{align}$$  So $2q^2$ is odd, which is then absurd.    Is this valid?

It is well known that $\sqrt{2}$ is irrational, and by modifying the proof (replacing 'even' with 'divisible by $3$'), one can prove that $\sqrt{3}$ is irrational, as well.  On the other hand, clearly $\sqrt{n^2} = n$ for any positive integer $n$.  It seems that any positive integer has a square root that is either an integer or irrational number.        How do we prove that if $a \in  \mathbb N$, then $\sqrt a$ is an integer or an irrational number?      I also notice that I can modify the proof that $\sqrt{2}$ is irrational to prove that $\sqrt[3]{2}, \sqrt[4]{2}, \cdots$ are all irrational.  This suggests we can extend the previous result to other radicals.        Can we extend 1? That is, can we show that for any $a, b \in \mathbb{N}$, $a^{1/b}$ is either an integer or irrational?


I know what my symbol or character looks like, but I don't know what the command is or which math alphabet it came from. How do I go about finding this out?


I have a mesh spiral edge and the edges are small & big. Can i have all the edges in same size. Reason to have same size is i have to checker select and delete the rest to make the stitches. With the edge selected i have different size edges. Is there an way to merge all edge and subdivide to have equal size edges. How can i achieve if so.

I have a edge loop that has vertices on it. Is there a way I can separate the vertices on the the edge evenly without moving the end points? I would also like for the vertices to maintain the current shape.


Say a function's domain is $[−\pi,\pi]$. How should I interpret this interval?  It starts from where? To where? In what direction?

Say a function's domain is $\{-\pi/2, \pi/2\}$. How should I interpret this interval?  It starts from where? To where? In what direction?  And if it starts from $3\pi/2$, would the next one be $-5\pi/3$.(because it starts from negative, $-\pi/2$).


I am taking 12V from Power card to my backplane card to use for Hard disks. I have been advised to put decaps of 330 uF on 12V supply. Can I use 220 uF or even lesser value. What is the criteria for selcting the value 7 what other parameters should I check??

Lots of chips nowadays require smoothing capacitors between VCC and GND for proper function. Given that my projects run at all sorts of different voltage and current levels, I was wondering if anyone had any rules of thumb for a) how many and b) what size capacitors should be used to ensure that power supply ripple doesn't affect my circuits?


I have had this question since I learned about there to be (which was a long time ago), and I know there used to be means something that used to exist, i.e, it no longer exists, for instance: There used to be a house across my apartment = One house used to exist, but no longer does, it's something that existed in the past, but not anymore. So, based on the facts that were mentioned, every there to be has a negative form and interrogative, therefore, what's there used to be's ?  My question has been identified as a possible duplicate of another one, but the one suggered isn't the same as mine, I'm talking about the verb there to be, the other question is about the verb "used to", both questions are different from each other.

I just made a minor , and  the grammar correction was unnecessary.  The original text was     Another factor--sometimes life happens and you can't fly. In the old days you could simply sell your ticket to someone else, now you either have to eat a hefty change fee or lose it outright. That's money in their pockets that they didn't used to get.   It was corrected to:     Another factor--sometimes life happens and you can't fly. In the old days you could simply sell your ticket to someone else, now you either have to eat a hefty change fee or lose it outright. That's money in their pockets that they didn't use to get.    Was this grammatical correction an improvement? Was the original text grammatically correct? Is the edited text grammatically correct?


I am trying to center a div using flexbox, but when I set the div's width it gets pushed all the way to the left. I have tried setting the parent div's width to 50% and creating a child div and applying the flexbox styling to it, but this doesn't work either.   .App {   width: 50%; }  .container {   display: flex;   align-items: center;   justify-content: center;   flex-direction: column; }

Test
     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nulla eget ligula varius, malesuada sapien vel, suscipit diam. Proin eu porttitor mauris. Vivamus lacinia, turpis ut tincidunt luctus, neque justo tempus arcu, vel congue quam eros at ante. Aliquam lobortis mollis orci eget ultrices. Nunc vitae dolor at quam elementum dignissim.

How can I horizontally center a
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Foo foo


I looked at  and googled, but can't find a definitive answer. What does !$ do when typed into terminal?  I typed  mkdir /path/to/dir cd !$   Which brought me to /path/to/dir but I still would like to know exactly what the !$ operator does in general.

I'm following through a tutorial and it mentions to run this command:  sudo chmod 700 !$   I'm not familiar with !$. What does it mean?


I am trying to install 14.04.1 version I am getting software installation failed error.where can I find this version in google

I remember I saw a apt mirror somewhere containing older distributions but I cannot find it anymore. Does anybody know where to find it?


I had written the below code to bind a values of List column into html drop-down. Can any one help in knowing what's wrong in my below code.         <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css">      <link rel="stylesheet" href="/resources/demos/style.css">

  Months:	          <select id="drbfunction" class="select">        <option selected="selected">Select</option>        </select>

Programes:
        <select id="drbprogrames" class="select">        <option selected="selected">Select</option>

Today I got requirement to get the list data using rest and bind to html drop down . I am getting the information by filtering it from browser  (_api/web/lists/GetByTitle('Tabletop%20Sessions')/items?Select=Title";)   . As this is my first program can any one help me what's wrong in my below code in binding the data to drop-down.           <link rel="stylesheet" href="//code.jquery.com/ui/1.11.4/themes/smoothness/jquery-ui.css">      <link rel="stylesheet" href="/resources/demos/style.css">

  Months:	          <select id="drbfunction" class="select">        <option selected="selected">Select</option>        </select>

Programes:
        <select id="drbprogrames" class="select">        <option selected="selected">Select</option>


I'm getting a gpg error:   http://ppa.launchpad.net precise Release: the following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available : NO_PUBKEY 5A9A06AEF9C8DB0    This came after doing  sudo apt-get-repository ppa:ok2cqr/ppa sudo apt-get update   The error happened after a long list of 'Hit http  can't copy/paste from the Ubuntu laptop to here, a mac desktop with a better WiFi connection, but at the time i seemed to have a reliable connection.  thanks scott

I added some extra repositories with the Software Sources program. But when I reload the package database, I get an error like the following:     W: GPG error:  trusty InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 8BAF9A6F   I know I can fix it using apt-key in a terminal, according to the official Ubuntu documentation. But I would have liked to do it graphically. Is there a way to do this without using a terminal?


Am having some form of brute force attack being done to my server and I have a screenshot of what's happening below. Remote Address 121.14.154.206 is somehow abusing all of my ports and burning through my bandwidth at an incredible rate.  Does anyone know how to directly combat this problem even if I were to not know the IP address as I do now?  I tried blocking the address via iptables like:  iptables -A OUTPUT -s 121.14.154.206 -j DROP   but the it still continues. Maybe I'm missing something but I'm pretty desperate because I can't afford to pay the bandwidth overage charges at this rate.      EDIT Blocked all output destination port 53 traffic iptables -I INPUT 0 --dport 53 -j DROP as I use cloudflare and don't need to resolve my own DNS. I'm seeing some weird things in iptraf still    The amount of traffic has drastically reduced but I'm still getting a solid amount and there's source/destination IP addresses still coming in that are not my ip address. I'm completely baffled as to why they're even showing up because none of them are 173.234.60.106

This is a  about Server Security - Responding to Breach Events (Hacking)   See Also:                  Canonical Version I suspect that one or more of my servers is compromised by a hacker, virus, or other mechanism:   What are my first steps? When I arrive on site should I disconnect the server, preserve "evidence", are there other initial considerations? How do I go about getting services back online? How do I prevent the same thing from happening immediately again? Are there best practices or methodologies for learning from this incident? If I wanted to put a Incident Response Plan together, where would I start? Should this be part of my Disaster Recovery or Business Continuity Planning?   Original Version       2011.01.02 - I'm on my way into work at 9.30 p.m. on a Sunday because our server has been compromised somehow and was resulting in a    attack on our provider. The servers access to the Internet   has been shut down which means over 5-600 of our clients sites are now   down. Now this could be an FTP hack, or some weakness in code   somewhere. I'm not sure till I get there.      How can I track this down quickly? We're in for a whole lot of   litigation if I don't get the server back up ASAP. Any help is   appreciated. We are running Open SUSE 11.0.            2011.01.03 - Thanks to everyone for your help. Luckily I WASN'T the only person responsible for this server, just the nearest. We managed   to resolve this problem, although it may not apply to many others in a   different situation. I'll detail what we did.      We unplugged the server from the net. It was performing (attempting to   perform) a Denial Of Service attack on another server in Indonesia,   and the guilty party was also based there.      We firstly tried to identify where on the server this was coming from,   considering we have over 500 sites on the server, we expected to be   moonlighting for some time. However, with SSH access still, we ran a   command to find all files edited or created in the time the attacks   started. Luckily, the offending file was created over the winter   holidays which meant that not many other files were created on the   server at that time.      We were then able to identify the offending file which was inside the   uploaded images folder within a  website.      After a short cigarette break we concluded that, due to the files   location, it must have been uploaded via a file upload facility that   was inadequetly secured. After some googling, we found that there was   a security vulnerability that allowed files to be uploaded, within the   ZenCart admin panel, for a picture for a record company. (The section   that it never really even used), posting this form just uploaded any   file, it did not check the extension of the file, and didn't even   check to see if the user was logged in.      This meant that any files could be uploaded, including a PHP file for   the attack. We secured the vulnerability with ZenCart on the infected   site, and removed the offending files.      The job was done, and I was home for 2 a.m.            The Moral   - Always apply security patches for ZenCart, or any other CMS system for that matter. As when security updates are released, the whole   world is made aware of the vulnerability.   - Always do backups, and backup your backups.   - Employ or arrange for someone that will be there in times like these. To prevent anyone from relying on a panicy post on Server   Fault.


I am reading "Radiation Heat Transfer by Michael F. Modest(2003)" and the author talks about how the solar spectrum can be approximated by black body radiation at 5777K. I'm finding the plot to be confusing, as I'm unable to find an explanation for the higher extraterrestrial solar spectrum in the visible range as compared to black body radiation. Can someone help me out?

As far as I know, a black body is an ideal emitter. So how can it be that a non-ideal emitter emits more radiation than a black body?  This happens only in a very limited area at around 500nm, but it still happens: it looks like at the maximum it is around 15% above black body.  This seems impossibile for my understand of a black body. Especially because just for that there is the emissivity value ε, or better ε(λ)      Quantitatively, emissivity is the ratio of the thermal radiation from a surface to the radiation from an ideal black surface at the same temperature. The ratio varies from 0 to 1    Means 0 ≤ ε(λ) ≤ 1    What is the right interpretation? What is the sun doing there, seems like ε(500nm)=1.15?


How can make white background but the person in foreground is dark?  Like this one :    Thanks all

The trick to creating silhouettes in the field, as far as I know, is to use spot-metering and to expose for the background. However, this is a bit more difficult in a studio environment. What is the key to creating "artificial" silhouettes?  One solution that I'm considering is placing a bright flash directly behind the subject - would that work?


How does the flags remaining count equation work?   How many I've got per day? The number of flags remaining depends on my actives, declined, helpfuls, what else?

Looks like flagging has been affected by releases today. Are these intended effects?   Higher daily limits (appear doubled for me, flagging of posts limit also doubled).  Explained by Shog9 below. Soft comment deletion  - e.g. for "accept rate" obsolete comments - it does in fact work, but the immediate feedback is gone.  This is fixed now. Has the throttling rate changed?  Seems possible to repeated flag without waiting 5 seconds.  If it was broken, it isn't anymore. Old soft deletions that were neither categorised as "helpful" or "declined" have all become "helpful".   If limits have been updated, can we get the new formula published? Not changed, as confirmed by Shog9.


If I have a large series of raster files (say temperature by decade) and want to find which raster file has the highest temperature. How do I do that? Cell statistics will give me the highest temperature, but not the file that contained the highest value.   How do I find the file that had that value?

I have 3 rasters for water use and 1 raster for water supply.   I want to know which one has the highest values which will mean that it has the greatest influence on available water supply.  What tools can I use for this in arcmap 10.0 and how do I do this?


I'm flying a flydubai to DXB terminal 2. My flight arrives and leaves from terminal 2. I wanted to ask if I could go around to other terminals since terminal 2 is disappointing... I heard you're restricted etc... That's why I'm asking.

We are arriving into Terminal 2 on the 28th December and want to go to the business lounge in Terminal 1 before getting a flight from Terminal 3 eight hours later.


Phone belonged to my brother and he can't remember what email the phone was set up with. He did the hard reset from power off and it still has the prompt for Google sign in. How can I bypass this ?

I won a Samsung Galaxy S6 Edge, signed into it with my Google account, played around with it, wiped it, and sold it.  Now the person can't get past setup because it's saying he must login with an account previously synced to the phone.   Is there anything I can do from my side to remove this lock?


Is there any way to search for a text string e.g Hello and replace it with e.g Hi in all the text files in a directory structure with MANY sub directories? I'm running Ubuntu 17.04 x64 server.

I want to know how I can find and replace a specific text in multiple files like in Notepad++ in the linked tutorial.  e.g.:


I have installed Ubuntu 17 as a virtual machine in Windows 10, VMware player. Windows 10 is using Norwegian keyboard layout. When I log on to Ubuntu it used American keyboard layout.   How can I change it to Norwegian?   I dont want to change the language, only keyboard.

I want to switch between English and another language.  I have tried Lubuntu and it was easy, I figured it out from the friendly menus. But in Ubuntu everything is so cryptic.


I'm working on a project where I have to create python code that takes land-use data and adds a percentage field for each land-use category in a Census Tract shapefile. I've been trying to work with the steps manually in ArcGIS before developing the code, but I've had problems getting there.  Basically, I have a land-use shapefile with over 100,000 parcels categorized by land-use category (i.e., Residential, Commercial, etc.) as well as a Census tract shapefile. Within the Census Tract shapefile, I need to add a field with the percentage of area of each land-use category to be applied to each individual Census tract.  I've been working on this for hours and haven't gotten far at all. Could anyone offer any insight as to some steps I should try? I've tried intersecting, dissolving, joining tables (does not work) and more to no avail.

I have a shapefile file that contains a LiDAR footprint and I'm trying to figure out how much a county is covered by the LiDAR footprint. Two separate shapefiles. The attribute table for the county layer is separated by counties with an area. The LiDAR footprint is one large footprint that covers multiple counties.


In a for loop, because the last (update) expression cannot involve assignment, is it trivial whether it uses prefix or postfix increments/decrements? For example: for (int i=0; i < 10; i++) {...}  vs. for (int i=0; i < 10; ++i) {...}  Would there ever be a case where doing a prefix or postfix would matter in the update expression of a for loop?

In C, what is the difference between using ++i and i++, and which should be used in the incrementation block of a for loop?


I have a simple text. Right after the end of the text I use \hfill to get some words right aligned.   \documentclass[11pt]{article}      \begin{document}         Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum. Stet clita kasd gubergren, no sea takimata sanctus est         \hfill         \textbf{some words}     \end{document}     The problem is now that when the text ends at the end of the line, the words after \hfill won't be right aligned anymore.  \documentclass[11pt]{article}  \begin{document}     Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consetetur sadipscing elitr, sed diam nonumy eirmod tempor invidunt ut labore et dolore magna aliquyam erat, sed diam voluptua. At vero eos et accusam et justo duo dolores et ea rebum.     \hfill     \textbf{some words} \end{document}   How can I achieve the words to be right aligned even if the text fits the line?


I am playing around with Steam's new SteamPlay/Proton feature. I have installed the game, and now I want to install a third-party localization package, which comes in a form of self unpacking .exe file. The problem is that if I try to run this file, it starts to execute in context of ~/.wine, and I need it to execute in context of ~/.steam/steam/steamapps/compatdata/<gameid>/pfx, which steam has created to run my game. How do I specify where I want this file to run?  Sorry if my question is poorly formulated, I haven't really come to familiarity with wine, so I may confuse terms.

I'm trying to enable alsa on different prefix than default through winetricks.  More specifically, the prefix that has Rosetta Stone on it, as it cannot see my microphone.  When I open winetricks, it only lets me select default.  I tried anyway, on default, and it did not resolve the issue.  I saw some answers online, through the terminal, but that didn't work either.  Maybe I have the syntax wrong?  steve@stevelap:~$ WINEPREFIX=~/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/Rosetta sh winetricks alsa sh: 0: Can't open winetricks steve@stevelap:~$ sudo WINEPREFIX=~/.PlayOnLinux/wineprefix/Rosetta sh winetricks alsa [sudo] password for steve:  sh: 0: Can't open winetricks   Could anyone please offer assistance?  Thanks!


When I run command   sudo apt-get -f    I get this error  dpkg: error processing gcc-4.8-base:i386 (--configure): Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should reinstall it before attempting configuration. Errors were encountered while processing: gcc-4.8-base:i386 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   I'm using Ubuntu 13.10

I can't update my system because it freezes while installing a third-party update (zramswap-enabler)! Sometimes I get the following message in Update manager:  Could not initialize the package information An unresolvable problem occurred while initializing the package information. Please report this bug against the 'update-manager' package and include the following error message: E:The package zramswap-enabler needs to be reinstalled, but I can't find an archive for it.  I tried to remove the zramswap-enabler, but it's impossible because I get the following message: dpkg: error processing zramswap-enabler (--remove):  Package is in a very bad inconsistent state - you should  reinstall it before attempting a removal. Errors were encountered while processing:  zramswap-enabler E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)  Actually I would really reinstall that package, but it is unable to do it! If I remove this third-party PPA then the system is warning me about a very very serious problem. So why can I not install/reinstall/remove/update this package and why freezes the updater if I try to update?


I have no idea how the magic gene in Harry Potter is supposed to work, or how it first came about.  It could have been some kind of genetic mutation, or maybe we--I mean, wizards--are a totally different species.  I have no idea.  Anyway, my question is, how long has magic existed?  In other words, when did the ability to do magic first manifest itself in humans?  Like, when homo sapoens first appeared, or Neanderthals, or after that?  Mybe it was well after the first civilization.

What is a wizard that makes them non-Muggle? Or, more directly, what ancestry does the witch/wizard gene follow? Is there a patriarchal wizard (or matriarchal witch) that Muggles have no part in? Elves perhaps? Stop reading here.  Purpose of the Question/History/Don't Read There seem to be solid consequences associated with being Muggle, or Muggle-related. A dominant theme in the novels is discrimination against the non-gifted race, but, when read into, the wizard bloodline doesn't appear all that well defined. JKR indicates that wizard-ness is genetic, or inherited:  "Muggle-borns will have a witch or wizard somewhere on their family tree, in some cases many, many generations back. The gene resurfaces in some unexpected places."  By the above, it stands that a family that produces a squib (non-magical born of magical parents) must be a half-blooded family in some way, since half-blooded only requires one non-magical ancestor. Of course, we are dealing in magic genetics. Any other form of genetics would make this inherited, seemingly recessive trait (or squibs couldn't exist), never appear at all. Unless they were XMen. If it is so important, what does the wizard-bloodline follow? Other Mythos In other literature a wizard can be nearly anything, but magical powers are typically inherited as well as learned. Merlin of the Arthurian Legend (also mentioned in HP) is Cambian, meaning he is born of demonic intervention; this explains his source of enchantment. Gandalf of Middle Earth is a Maiar, as are all Wizards of Middle Earth. Wizards in Harry Potter seem to follow a bloodline, and it has been mentioned (in the question Gabe linked) that genetics have a heavy play in it, meaning that squibs and parents of Muggle-born wizards should have identical genetics. This bloodline must come from somewhere. Magical Creatures In Harry Potter it is common for magical creatures to "mingle" with humans, these beings are typically somewhat magical. Elves have been described to have very strong magic, but are for some unreasonable reason subservient to humans. I may be mistaken, but believe it was hinted that elves and the wizarding lineage had intersected at one time. Maybe I'm imagining this. Genocidal Allusions Voldemort hates muggles, and half-bloods, and whatever else is non-wizard. The presence of this theme, suggests that this wizardly bloodline must be at least defined if the main antagonist is so obsessed with keeping that mysterious bloodline pure. Since Slytherin himself was said to be a supremacist (circa a really long time ago) it suggests that this bloodline should have existed long before he was around, especially if he founded a school with people he was not related to, but were also magical.


How to get the output as shown below by customizing \printdate?    Here is the minimal code  \documentclass[english]{article} \usepackage[english]{isodate}  \begin{document}  \printdate{2017-05-12}  \end{document}

I'm currently using  \usepackage[UKenglish]{babel} \usepackage{datetime}   and I'm getting  Sunday 4th September, 2016  with the commands \today or with \newdate{example}{01}{09}{2016} (outside of \begin{document}) and \displaydate{example} inside the document.  How can I reformat this date to not have the name of the day in it (Best would be with using datetime2)? So like 4th September, 2016. With the "th" as a high letter like this:   Full document example:  \documentclass[a4paper, 12pt, DIV=calc, headings=small]{scrreprt} %Used packages \usepackage[UKenglish]{babel} \usepackage[utf8]{luainputenc} \usepackage{datetime}  %Other definitions \pagenumbering{arabic}  \newdate{sample}{31}{01}{2017}   \begin{document} \displaydate{sample}\\ \today \end{document}


What I mean by single player mode is I want to create game and don't allow others to join.  Sometimes there are things I wanna do alone like finding Kanai's cube. Other people keep on wanting to do something else.  I know I can join game. There's an option for that. But how to create game? Single player game?

When trying to get some solo achievements or when running the game for the first time with a new friend, your other friends can be a bit too friendly and barge in, killing everything or just making the mobs beefier.  How do you block people from joining your game?


I'm trying to  sudo apt-get update   my computer and everything's okay until it hits the Calibre2 package. This is what I get:  Err:10 http://ppa.launchpad.net/n-muench/calibre2/ubuntu disco Release   404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80] Reading package lists... Done                       E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/n-muench/calibre2/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.   I tried to solve it downloading Ubuntu 19.04.tar.gz and extracting the sources.list file, just in case if I corrupted my file and nope, it was exactly the same.      # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco main restricted  ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates main restricted  ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco universe # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates universe # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates universe  ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-updates multiverse  ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-backports main restricted universe multiverse  ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu disco partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu disco partner  deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-security universe # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-security multiverse # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ disco-security multiverse

I am running Ubuntu Bionic Beaver. I was trying to download the pantheon desktop environment on Ubuntu and it didn't work so I gave up. Now when I try to download themes or other things from the terminal I get an error code mentioning Elementary OS even though what I am downloading doesn't have to do with Elementary or pantheon. Here is what the terminal says:   jacob@jacob-MacBookPro:~$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:tista/adapta -y …                                           E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/elementary-os/testing/ubuntu bionic Release' does not have a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/mpstark/elementary-tweaks-daily/ubuntu bionic Release' does not have a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.


My question is simple. Which one should I do?   Is there any difference between the two options?   I'd use  Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 64 Bit  or Ubuntu Gnome 14.04 LTS 64 Bit  Thanks for the answers! :)

My question is what is difference between installing perticular desktop environment on Ubuntu And Using directly that (Default -environmented) distro/flavour of Ubuntu?  Example: Two options:   Install ubuntu-gnome-desktop or kubuntu-desktop or xubuntu-desktopetc. (official & recognized derivatives) alternatively on Ubuntu (Default -Unity Desktop) Use (Run) perticular distro/flavour Ubuntu-Gnome or Kubuntu or Xubuntu etc.   I want to know is both method working same performance? and which is proper method to use Desktop Environment.


I am a postdoc with two advisors (not something I would recommend for everyone). I would describe the involvement of my two advisors in the project I undertook as quite superficial. I met and discussed a lot with them, they gave me some useful ideas, but they didn’t contribute much to the core of the project.  I didn’t even feel they put genuine effort to understand what I was doing.  Most of their feedback was related to ideas that didn’t work or was not implemented. If the right for authorship is defined by a significant intellectual contribution, then I wouldn’t really describe their role as such.   Is it ethical to include them as coauthors in the article summarizing this project, with an author contribution statement that describes each one’s role?   In this case their role will be something like giving useful tips, analyzing the results, ..etc.

I understand that in a lot of big-lab fields it is common for the principal investigator to append their name to a paper even if they did not write the paper, design the experiment, or collect data since they spend energy securing funding, and managing the whole lab. What about for small labs?  What are the requirements for a supervisor to be included as an author on a paper, as opposed to just appearing in the acknowledgements? If you are working on your own projects independently of your supervisor, but using funding provided by your supervisor (how does this change when the funding provides resources versus just your salary), are you suppose to add them as authors or just acknowledge the source of funding?


Let $R=\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{-5}]$ and $I=(2,1+\sqrt{-5})$ an ideal generated by $2$ and $1+\sqrt{-5}$. Show that $I$ is a maximal ideal.   So I tried to prove that if $a \notin I$ then $(I,a)$ must be the whole ring or the $I$ itself. That is, we can find a combination $ax+2y+(1+\sqrt{-5})z=1$ or $0$ for some $x,y,z \in \mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{-5}]$. Is my thought correct? How should I find such combination?

Why is $(2, 1+\sqrt{-5})$ not principal in $\mathbb{Z}[\sqrt{-5}]$?   Say $(2,1+\sqrt{-5})=(\alpha)$, then since $2\in(2,1+\sqrt{-5})$ we have $2\in (\alpha)$, so $\alpha\mid2$ in $\mathbb Z[\sqrt{-5}]$. Writing $2=\alpha\beta$ in $\mathbb Z[\sqrt{-5}]$ and taking norms, $4=N(\alpha)N(\beta)$ in $\mathbb Z$, so $N(\alpha)\mid4$ in $\mathbb Z$. Similarly, since $\sqrt{-5}\in(\alpha)$ we get $N(\alpha)\mid5$, thus $N(\alpha)$ is a common divisor of $4$ and $5$, therefore $N(\alpha)=(1)$, so $\alpha$ is a unit. But that means $1\in (2,1+\sqrt{-5})=(\alpha)$, so it must be the whole ring, but it cannot to reach a contradiction, so how can I find an element, which is not in $(2, 1+\sqrt{-5})$.  Or is there a simpler method ? (Maybe not UFD would imply not PID)


Is there a way to retreive the create table script in t-sql. I tried the select into DBLocal.dbo.TableX from DBProduction.dbo.TablesX where 1=2 query but it does not create all constraints, keys and indexes.  Thank you

I've spent a good amount of time coming up with solution to this problem, so in the spirit of , I'm posting it here, since I think it might be useful to others.   If anyone has a better script, or anything to add, please post it.  Edit: Yes guys, I know how to do it in Management Studio - but I needed to be able to do it from within another application.


I have a server which responds differently to requests from the general internet as opposed to the intranet. For IPv4 I can simply check if the address begins with 192.168. This works for my needs. What is the equivalent for IPv6?

I'm trying to make a private network with 5 computers bellow an external  with , but internally I want to use . To do this I need to use private special-use IPV6 addresses, such as the well-known 192.168.x.x or 10.0.0.x  blocks.  Does someone know what are the private IPV6 addresses for this specific use?


The answer referenced is  and is essential for this question.  In the given answer, it shows how you can easily make directed edges between specified nodes.  I was wondering how I could do the same but with undirected edges (lines with no arrows).  Edit:  I appreciate the linked duplicate, and I used Jake's comment to the main post of adding [-] to edge for typical edges. However, this does not work for self-loops, and fixing that is not in the linked solution.


Should we have a quantum computing site? This site would be an intersection of physics, cryptography and software development or more.

I have an idea or subject that should have a Q&A, and want to propose a new site. How can I do this?  Related:


Earlier today I voted to reopen a question, but on further consideration decided that it should remain closed.  Since we can now retract close votes, I tried to retract the reopen vote by clicking on the "reopen" link, but instead I just got the "vote to reopen?" dialogue.  (I didn't try clicking "ok"; I assume that had I done so I would have been told I've already voted.)  Is this expected behavior -- we can retract close votes but not reopen votes?

It seems that now we can retract close votes but we cannot retract reopen votes or delete votes.  I am trying to retract my reopen vote  but it does not allow me to.  Can we have that ability?


How many rectangles are in a dodecagon? I am unsure how to approach this. I've counted 12 so far but none more

What is the number of rectangles that can be obtained by joining four of the 12 vertices of a 12-sided regular polygon?  The thing that I've tried is to find out at what intervals should I connect to vertices of the polygon so that a rectangle can be formed. But that didn't seem to help at all .


Say a function is defined and we find that it is indeed onto (surjective). Does this mean the function also has an inverse function?

Prove that if $f:X\to Y$ is a surjective function between sets, then there must exist a function $g:Y\rightarrow X$ such that $f\circ g=1_Y$.   I know that the identity function is onto, and if $f$ has right inverse, then $f$ must be onto; although, I haven't seen a proof of this. A good hint would be nice.


As a newly minted 10K rep user my status bar now has a few new icons. One of them indicates how many "Suggesting Edits Pending Approval" there are in the queue with a dark orange background. When I complete my possible 20 edits for the allotted time-span however, the icon still stays lit up:     Suggestion: Remove the icon while my cooldown is in effect. Once it's up, I'll know I can go back to approving edits. If you want to keep the queue number still up, at least have it change color to indcate that "there is work to be done" and "you have the ability to do this work".

Now that I've reached 2k on Stack Overflow, I get access to the "Suggested Edits" review queue.  Although I only have 20 edits per day, the "suggested edit awaiting" icon in the top bar is always there and it bothers me a lot!  My suggestion is to apply one of three solutions:   Remove the suggested edits icon when we reach the maximum (50) edits Remove the Highlight (orange) on the suggested edits Remove the suggested edits part when we click on it   What do you think?


Considering $X$ as a tychonoff space and $Y$ any metric space, and taking the fine topology on function space $C(Y, \Bbb R)=C(Y)$ and $C(X, \Bbb R)=C(X)$. Then the continuous map $g \in C(X, Y)$ induces a function $g_* : C(Y) \rightarrow C(X)$, as $g_*(f) = \phi(f, g) = g \circ f, f \in C(Y)$. How to prove the induced map; $g_* : C(Y) \rightarrow C(X)$, induced from the map $g \in C(X, Y)$, endowed with fine topology is an embedding. Taking $g$ as continuous, onto and open map. How to prove that $g_*$ is an embedding. I can prove it continuous and bijection but i don't know how to prove it open map. Can anybody help?

Considering $X$ as a tychonoff space and $Y$ any metric space, and taking the fine topology on function space $C(X, Y)$ and $C(X, R)$. Then the continuous map $g \in C(Y, R)$ induces a function $g_* : C(X, Y) \rightarrow C(X, R)$, as $g_*(f) = \phi(f, g) = g\circ f, f \in C(X, Y)$.  How to prove the continuity of an induced map; $g_* : C(X, Y) \rightarrow C(X, R)$, induced from the map $g \in C(Y, R)$, endowed with fine topology.


This footnote:     East-west directions can be misleading. Point B, which appears due East from A, will be closer to the equator than A. Thus the curvature found this way is smaller than the curvature of a circle of constant latitude, except at the equator. West can exchanged for east in this discussion.   appears on the Wiki page regarding .  This does not correspond to my understanding of the geometry for an ellipsoidal Earth: if I move due east, I'll stay at the same latitude, and thus I'll still be the same distance way from the equator.  I what sense is a point B that is due east from A "closer to the equator"?  In fact, how can this make sense? nothing in the problem setup differentiates point A from point B, so neither can be closer to the equator than the other since the problem is symmetric.  In response to duplicate question comments: whether I move from A to B via a great circle or via a rhumb line, it shouldn't affect whether one of the two points is closer to the equator than the other.

I think I understand the whole rhumb line and great circle idea but I can't seem to find an answer on this question. Suppose I am driving a car (i don't use ship because I don't want to put the constant compass bearing idea on the table) and that I can move for quite a long distance on land (across Russia for example) without any obstacles. If I keep the steer fixed so that the car moves dead ahead will I be following a rhumb line, a great circle or none of these.  I've found this on wikipedia:     If you were to drive a car along a great circle you would hold the steering wheel fixed, but to follow a rhumb line you would have to turn the wheel, turning it more sharply as the poles are approached   but everything else I've found seems to contradict this. And yet I'm not sure if keeping the steer fixed means fixed dead ahead or fixed turned at 30 degrees left for example.  EDIT After a request to give some examples of contradicting information found on the internet I edit my question to quote an example:       The problem for navigation is that sailing a true great circle would   require constant changes in the course steered   I now understand that what the writer of this text probably refers to when writing course steered is holding the compass indication unchanged. But this way of phrasing it is (at least to a not native english speaker like me) very confusing. In my mind "sailing a true great circle would require constant changes in the course steered" means that i have to constantly turn the ship's steering wheel in order to reach my destination.  I had found some similar examples which I can't find again now. But the greatest problem was I couldn't find any other source stating clearly that moving dead ahead equals following a great circle.  However, stating that "everything else I've found seems to contradict this" was a bit of an exaggeration and I apologize for it.


I keep getting the following error message on my terminal:  Failed to open VDPAU backend libvdpau_nvidia.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory   I understand this has something to do with GNOME MPlayer, but AFAIK I'm not using this program at all!  How can I fix whatever it is that is causing these messages?

The following error message occasionally appears in my terminal:  Failed to open VDPAU backend libvdpau_nvidia.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory   ... which is pretty annoying.  I have searched online for solutions to this error, without success.  Is there any way to at least identify the process responsible for sending these error messages to my terminal?  Let me clarify that, as far as I can tell, these error messages appear "out of the blue".  In fact, they appear asynchronously with respect to my interactions with the terminal (more often than not I see them for the first time when I return to a terminal window that has been unattended for some time).  I'm sure there's a definite, deterministic cause for these messages, but it is not one that I can readily identify.  In short, I have not noticed any pattern or regularity to their occurrence.  In particular, in my case their occurrence has nothing to do with running MPlayer, or any other video playback program.  (Please refer to .)  For one thing, the machine in question is a work machine, and I rarely watch any videos with it.  In the very few instances in which I've watched a video on this machine I've used VLC, not MPlayer, and these errors never appeared in these rare occasions that I used VLC.


I don’t see my reputation on the top bar anymore. Is it intentionally?

This is the right edge of my topbar, starting today:    Any particular reason why I'm not seeing my total reputation and badges there? Since it's a major part of the "gamification" setup, am I correct in thinking it's a bug? Is it exclusive to Safari iOS?  Update: I highly doubt it's my viewport, since there's plenty of space for it:    If this is a viewport problem, why is there so much space for it?


I was solving questions from my analysis assignment and couldn't solve this.  Let ${a_n}$ be a sequence of real numbers satisfying $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} |a_n -a_{n-1}|<\infty$. Then the series $\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} a_n x^n , x\in \mathbb{R}$ is convergent  A) nowhere in $\mathbb{R}$ B) everywhere in $\mathbb{R}$ C) on some set containing (-1,1) D) only on (-1,1) The sequence $a_{n} =(1/2)^n$ satisfies condition and is convergent. So, A) is wrong. But how to contradict/verify other options? Is there any theorem which can be used?

Let $(a_n)_{n=0}^{\infty}$  be a sequence of real numbers satisfying $\sum_{1}^{\infty} |a_n - a_{n-1}| < \infty$   Which of the following conclusions must then be true?  The series $\sum a_nx^n$ converges   Nowhere on $ \mathbb{R}$ Everywhere on $  \mathbb{R}$ On some interval containing $(-1,1)$ Only on $(-1,1)$   What I have tried is Make an inequality with $|a -b| \leq |a| +|b|$ .. but i cant proceed further .. Any sort of help will be deeply appreciable .


I have a Gmail email address but have forgotten it? How can I find out what it was?

I have forgotten the password or username for my Google account, or I'm unable to access my account for other reasons.  How can I recover my account?  (This Q&A is meant as a general description for all Google and Gmail username/password questions. See: )


I'm lost on where to start on this proof:  Using the fact that $A^m A^n = A^{m+n}$ , prove the identity  $F_m F_n + F_{m−1} F_{n−1} = F_{m+n−1}$  I want to use induction starting with n = 1, but would I also have to make m = 1? I haven't done induction with 2 variables before.  or because of $A^m A^n = A^{m+n}$ should I setup the problem as a matrix (in that case what would the columns/rows be)?   I tried doing it mathematically however I think my algebra is wrong so I won't post it here. Am I correct to believe that $F_{m-1} = F_m*-1$ is not the same as $2^{n+1} = 2^n*2$?  Any help would be appreciated, thanks.

Question: Let $F_n$ the sequence of Fibonacci numbers, given by $F_0 = 0, F_1 = 1$ and $F_n = F_{n-1} + F_{n-2}$ for $n \geq 2$. Show for $n, m \in \mathbb{N}$: $$F_{n+m} = F_{n-1}F_m + F_n F_{m+1}$$   My (very limited) attempt so far: after creating a small list of the values $F_0=0, F_1=1, F_2=1, F_3=2, F_4=3, F_5=5, F_6=8, F_7=13, F_8=21, F_9=34, F_{10}=55$ i can see that yes it does seem to work for instance $F_{6+3}=F_5 F_3 +F_6 F_4 = 10 +24 = 34 = F_9$. However, I really don't know where to begin as showing that this must hold in general terms. Should I be looking to use limits? Or perhaps induction? What is the best way to solve this?


(Dell's) BIOS setting:  SATA: AHCI  Boot List Option: Legacy (default setting was UEFI) Legacy Option ROMs: Enable Attempt Legacy Boot: Disable   installation media: USB drive  patition:  Guided - use entire disk  select disk to partition:  /dev/nvme0n1 - 512 GB (the other is the bootable USB drive)  Everything seems to be fine before installing GRUB:   At the beginning, after clicking graphical install, some error log flashes and disappears in less than 0.3s:   Without GRUB, I can not boot into the system. Redoing installation doesn't help at all.  Can anyone give me some hints how to fix it?  Update: doesn't work with Debian 10 (buster) either

I'm trying to install 64-bit Debian stable on a Lenovo Thinkpad. When I get to the installation step that installs the bootloader, I get this message:     An installation step failed. You can try running the failing item again from the menu, or skip it and choose something else. The failing step is: Install the GRUB boot loader on a hard disk   Going back to the menu and selecting LILO gives me the same error. The installation log says  May  1 13:24:23 main-menu[188]: WARNING **: Configuring 'grub-installer' failed with error code 1 May  1 13:24:23 main-menu[188]: WARNING **: Menu item 'grub-installer' failed. May  1 13:24:28 main-menu[188]: INFO: Menu item 'lilo-installer' selected May  1 13:24:28 main-menu[188]: WARNING **: Unable to set title for fdisk-udeb. May  1 13:24:28 main-menu[188]: WARNING **: Configuring 'lilo-installer' failed with error code 1 May  1 13:24:28 main-menu[188]: WARNING **: Menu item 'lilo-installer' failed.   I'm not using LVM or RAID. So far, I've tried   Disabling UEFI boot and using legacy boot instead. The error still occurs, with both GRUB and LILO. Following the instructions on  and running  parted /dev/nvme01 set 1 bios_grub on   from TTY2, but I get an error that says parted not found. On my system /dev/nvme01 is the only hard disk Check for hardware errors. When I first purchased the system I ran all the available hardware tests, both from within the BIOS and from within Windows, and it passed all of them. I'm assuming that means the hardware isn't malfunctioning. Per  that had a similar error, albeit with LVM, I tried redoing the partitioning with a small /boot partition at the beginning, formatted with ext2. Same error. Switching to TTY4 to look at the installation output, I also see the error  chroot: can't execute 'grub-probe': No such file or directory   Searching for information on that turns up  and  related to GRUB, but a) those are old, and b) I've run through the installation up to this point over a dozen times now and I get the error every time, so it doesn't seem like a one-off thing. I've used Gparted to check that the hard disk is completely empty. Secure boot is disabled in the BIOS. I've run the installation using the full DVD and the netinstall CD; both are booted from USB, but the problem persists.   I was able to successfully create an msdos partition table and three partitions (for /, /home, and swap) on the drive in the previous installation step, so I don't know why GRUB suddenly can't write to the drive.  How do I fix this and get Debian installed? As of now, the (brand new!) system is completely unusable because I can't get an OS on it.    Could part of the problem be that Debian/parted recognizes the disk incorrectly? It says the disk is 512.1 GB, which is true in the sense that the specs say 512 GB and that's what is advertised, and it will let me allocate all 512 GB to various partitions. However, if I load it in Gparted, the actual disk space is closer to 476 GB, but I assumed that's just the usual 1024 vs 1000 stuff.  (I also posted a version of this question on the , so I'll update my question with anything important from that thread and vice versa.)


Suppose that I have submitted a paper to a journal, and I have a list of suggested changes from the referee.    Then, let's say I put the article in the appropriate format and make the suggested changes, but I still want to make some additional changes.    Perhaps I want to be a little more exact with my wording in certain places, or I need to condense/expand some sections, so that my figures are not forced into awkward positions.    Is this acceptable?

Suppose I write a paper and submit it to a conference. The paper gets some weak rejects and weak accepts and lots of criticism, but the conference is not that prestigious, so they accept it anyway.  Obviously, if I agree with the reviews, I will want to change the paper (which is in part what the reviews are for). But how far can I go with these changes? If the paper is computer science, for instance, I may easily run additional experiments, or slightly change the setup and re-run the existing experiments. If I submit the paper with these results, I will basically be publishing experiments that have not, in their current form, been peer-reviewed.  At what point do changes to a submitted paper post peer review become unacceptable?


I am interested in converting java to json and have this json as my final output:  { "author":{   "name":"John Doe",   "age":"22"  }, "title":{   "bookTitle":"Cooking Guide",   "isbn":"cvv4bbb4" } }   Here are my java classes: Book.java  public class Book {  public Author author;  public Title title;  public String availableStore;      public String getAvailableStore() {         return availableStore;     }      public void setAvailableStore(String availableStore) {         this.availableStore = availableStore;     }      public Author getAuthor() {         return author;     }      public void setAuthor(Author author) {         this.author = author;     }      public Title getTitle() {         return title;     }      public void setTitle(Title title) {         this.title = title;     }     class Author{   String name;   String age;          public String getName() {             return name;         }          public void setName(String name) {             this.name = name;         }          public String getAge() {             return age;         }          public void setAge(String age) {             this.age = age;         }   }   class Title{  String bookTitle;  String isbn;          public String getBookTitle() {             return bookTitle;         }          public void setBookTitle(String bookTitle) {             this.bookTitle = bookTitle;         }          public String getIsbn() {             return isbn;         }          public void setIsbn(String isbn) {             this.isbn = isbn;         }  }  }   Here is the runner class PrettyJsonPrin.java  import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude; import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper; import com.google.gson.Gson; import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;   public class PrettyJsonPrint {   public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception   {     Book book = new Book();      book.author.setAge("b22");     book.author.setName("james bond");     book.title.setBookTitle("XXXX");     book.title.setIsbn("3b3b3b");     book.availableStore="Book store ";      // using Gson API     Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().setPrettyPrinting().create();     String bookJson = gson.toJson(book);     System.out.println("pretty print json using Gson:\n" + bookJson);      // using Jackson API     ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();     mapper.setSerializationInclusion(JsonInclude.Include.NON_EMPTY);     bookJson = mapper.writerWithDefaultPrettyPrinter().writeValueAsString(book);     System.out.println("pretty print json using Jackson:\n" + bookJson);   } }   When I run the program, I get this error message:  Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException     at com.brian.json.PrettyJsonPrint.main(PrettyJsonPrint.java:25)   Kindly assist.

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I have upgraded the backwheel on my hybrid bike to one suitable for a 285 pound rider. Are there tires suited for 285 pound (130 kg) riders?

I ride a hybrid on 26" rims currently fitted with hybrid tires.  As I am 300lbs+ the rear tire runs permanently deformed/flat and the rims ride over the rubber causing tire pinch.  Can anyone recommend the tyre tube combination that I should try to obtain that will stop this happening?


I'm learning about BufferedReaders and a few other classes and am making a small program that takes a text file with information about courses I've taken and calculates my GPA. Here's what I have so far:  import java.util.ArrayList; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException;  class GradeFormatter {      public static ArrayList<String[]> courses;     public static double unitsAttempted;     public static double unitsPassed;     public static double gradePoints;     public static double gpa;      public static void main(String[] args) {         try {             FileReader fileReader = new FileReader("grades.txt");             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(fileReader);             while (true) {                 String line = reader.readLine();                 if (line == null) {                     break;                 } else {                     processLine(line);                 }             }             reader.close();         } catch (IOException e) {             System.out.println("File does not exist.");         }     }      public static void processLine(String line) {         String[] newCourse = line.split("\\t");         courses.add(newCourse);     }  }   I'm getting the following output when I try to run the program:  Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException     at GradeFormatter.processLine(GradeFormatter.java:34)     at GradeFormatter.main(GradeFormatter.java:23)   Could anyone help me out with why I'm getting this null pointer exception? I cannot seem to figure out where it's coming from.


Not a "formal" word, but most of our current day mobile texting is not formal, a whole new evolving language... I use "Efficate" as: "... What can I do to best efficate Laura's desired outcome?"

I routinely hear the word "efficate" being used.  For example, "The most powerful way to efficate a change in the system is to participate."  I do not find entries for this word in common English dictionaries, but I do not have an unabridged dictionary.  I have checked the OED (I'm not sure if it is considered unabridged), and it has no entry for "efficate".  It does have an entry for "efficiate", which is used in the same way.  Wordnik has an  for "efficate" with over 1800 hits, thus providing some evidence for the frequency of use.  I personally like the word and find the meaning very clear and obvious when others use it.  If it's not currently an "officially documented" word, perhaps its continued use will result in it being better documented.


I am using drupal 7. I am trying to create user registration form with javascript which beautiful and flexible. Something like this:    How can I achieve this?

How to embed a registration form in a popup window?  I would like to use Colorbox or jQuery UI:  drupal_add_library('system', 'ui.dialog');


We normally observe classical behaviour due to the time dependent schrodinger equation in simple quantum systems when we introduce 'Gaussian wavepackets' which have bell shaped uncertainty in energy, momentum and position. A wavefunction which is often constructed by tapering the energy eigenstates. This can be seen in the case of a particle in a step function, harmonic oscillator, or under gravity (exhibits bouncing). This is especially true when $dL>>\hbar$ and the mean of quantum number $n$ is large. Can this be modelled for a hydrogen atom? For example let us construct an atom with a small Rydberg constant, and have our initial state as $G(n,l,m)\psi_{nlm}(r)$ summed over all n,l,m where G is a tapered bell curve in all 3 variables with a large mean, i.e n = 50, l = 25 and m = 0. Then we plot this |psi|^2 as probability cloud and allow it to evolve over time. What does the shape of this probability cloud look like? Does it approximate classical behaviour such as orbital motion? EDIT: My question asks in particular for the evolution of simple Gaussian coefficients in n,l,m. I'm not sure what the other question appears to model, or whether they have used the same approach. Just to be clear I'm not asking for a necessarily Gaussian wavepacket. The distribution in n,l,m should be bell shaped. This is much simpler

Position probability densities of eigenstates of hydrogen-like systems have axial symmetry, so that the wavefunction too much resembles the circular orbits in Bohr's model. I'd like to have a demonstration of correspondence principle, where an electron would be localized to look somewhat like a classical particle, and move in an elliptic (non-circular) orbit around a nucleus.  It seems though that if we try to make a wave packet too localized, then it'll disintegrate (get scattered by the nucleus) too fast to see anything resembling an elliptic orbit. OTOH, if we take it too spread out, it'll have to be quite far from the nucleus so as to avoid hitting it, and thus it'll have high total energy, which may appear to be above ionization threshold (at least partially), after which it'd be quite hard to analytically calculate evolution of the wave packet.  Thus my question is: is it possible to form a more or less localized wave packet, which would (on average) move in an obviously-elliptic orbit (major/minor axes ratio of 4:3 or higher), and only require bound states to fully represent it? If yes, then what properties (FWHM, apocenter, angular momentum etc.) should it have for this to be possible?


E: Failed to fetch cdrom://Ubuntu 14.10 _Utopic Unicorn_ - Release amd64 (20141022.1)/dists/utopic/main/binary-amd64/Packages  Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD-ROM recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs

When updating I got this error message:  W:Failed to fetch cdrom://Ubuntu 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111012)/dists/oneiric/main/binary-i386/Packages  Please use apt-cdrom to make this CD-ROM recognized by APT. apt-get update cannot be used to add new CD-ROMs W:Failed to fetch http://ppa.launchpad.net/synce/ubuntu/dists/your_ubuntu_version/main/source/Sources  404  Not Found   What to do?


I am hoping to write a long(ish) article and was going to use \include thus enabling me to work on each section separately. When it comes to indexing I wondered if there was any way to globally search for and find terms to be included in the index or would I need to go through each section in turn. I have tried to do it through the generated PDF - search the PDF and then CMD click the word, it locates it but there seems no way to move to the next occurrence.  Sorry if the question is too basic, I just wanted to make sure before I start.  After more research I suspect the answer is here: . I am only a beginner so I will need to figure out how I can adapt this to work for me. Here is a MWE, but I had to enter all the indexed words by hand I was hoping to be able to find a way to do a global Find (and then replace) to make the index.  \documentclass[11pt{article} \usepackage{makeidx} \makeindex \begin{document} \include{intro} \include{two} \include{three} \printindex \end{document}   The three files are,  intro:  \section{Intro} This chapter will include \index{worms}worms gardens and fleas.   two:   \section{Two} This bit has \index{worms} worms only   three:      \section{Three} Loads more \index{worms} worms here.

I am using TeXShop 3.26 under Mavericks. I have SyncTeX selected as the sync method. Searching works both ways in general (source to pdf and pdf to source). However, when editing a multifile source where there is a "root" document with sections included with \input{}, and similarly subsections within those, forward search (source to PDF) doesn't work. Nothing happens. PDF to source still works fine.  Is this known/expected behaviour? Is there any setting I can make to fix it?


I wanted to connect to an FTP Server using Finder's Go > Connect to Server option. So I try to do so like this:    But, when I try to do so, it opens in VLC and then VLC crashes.     Anyone facing a similar problem? What can I do to open it in Finder itself? Do I need to change some defaults? If so, where?

My Question is seemingly simple. I need to mount an SSH/SFTP volume and make it visible in finder to be able to use it as if it were a local volume (think SMB share). I have tried everything I could find (MacFUSE + sshfs (whatever version), Macfusion (couldn't install),...).  Is there anyway to do this seemingly simple thing? It feels like I'm missing something here. Also, I'm not looking for an SFTP client for download/upload. My personal machine is an Ubuntu box, and that's easily doable on that.


Trying to find what I think was a short story, probably written 30 or more years ago.  Synopsis, to the best of my recollection:  Organization (military?/government?/corporate?) shows film of an inventor demonstrating successful flight of an "anti-gravity" device.  Film ends with the device totally destroyed and the inventor dying in the disaster.  The film is shown to a group of sceptical scientists who are convinced by its provenance that the film is genuine.  The scientists are then given access to the inventor's home and lab which contain papers, books, articles, etc. relating to a melange of documented levitation occurrences, UFO sightings, paranormal occurrences, etc. - but no details of the inventor's solution except very general miscellaneous piecemeal notes, calculations and drawings.  Because the scientists are convinced that a solution does exist - as demonstrated by the film they have been shown - they work to duplicate the inventor's route to solving "anti-gravity".  They are successful ... but are then told that the original film was a hoax.

There exists a SF short story about anti-gravitation called the Mother of Invention (AFAIK). A bunch of scientists are shown a (fake) movie in which an anti-gravity device is demonstrated by an inventor. The scientists are told the inventor's notes were lost/destroyed and they have to start from scratch. The bottom line - there was no anti-grav invention, the scientists needed to believe it had been invented so they would think 'outside the square'.   Anyone know who wrote the short story, and has anyone got a copy?


Players tend to . Where can I find (or equally what can I use as) alternative Class Features for Wizards and Sorcerers to replace Familiars which will be more interesting and exciting for the players, while maintaining class balance?

The familiar is brilliant feature for a wizard, but not for a prestige multiclassing one. Such a wizard stops upgrading his familiar once getting off the main road. So if he still wants to utilize his familiar, he should take the obtain familiar feat, but this would made the basic familiar feature redundant.  So what options can a wizard take instead of gaining a familiar at 1st level?


With the brand new Rivals of Ixalan set coming out soon, I was looking at the card library and I saw they had the  in again. It is exactly the same as the Legion Conquistador from Ixalan, and I want to know if it is considered the same card if it has the same name and effects as another card, but is from a different set? So could I have 8 Legion Conquistadors, 4 from Ixalan and 4 from Rivals of Ixalan? Or are they the same card?

I'm new to the game and trying to make my first constructed deck. My understanding of the card rule is I can only have four cards of one kind.  What does this precisely mean?  For instance, does this mean I can only have four rat cards total or four rat cards of several kinds? If two different cards do the same thing (like  and ), can I have four of each?


I am using Ubuntu 16.04.1 LTS through the Oracle VM Virtualbox. At the beginning of my installation, I was asked to set a password for my login, which works perfectly every time I log in to my virtual box.  However, when I tried today to change my password with passwd, I get the following error messages:  passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchanged   Therefore, I cannot change my password. The point is that I am pretty sure I am typing correctly my password since it is also my log-in password (it consists of characters [some in upper case], numbers, and an asterisk *).  Is there anything I could do to find out what's happening or a way to change my password?  PS: Everything began from my attempt to use sudo -, where again my typed password gets rejected.

I am logging in to my Ubuntu Server using my username. Once I am logged in I am typing passwd command. Entering a new password but a second after getting following error messages:  passwd: Authentication token manipulation error passwd: password unchanged   What is wrong here? How can I change my password otherwise if I don't have access to that server physically, i.e. I am connecting remotely with ssh using terminal.


I've started studying topology, and the impression I get is that it's all about studying spaces without using a metric. So we have to talk about these open sets instead. So basically a topological space is a generalization of a metric space.  What I haven't been able to find, though, is any example of a space I would be interested in that doesn't have a metric! I'm not looking for general "applications of topology", I'm looking for a specific non-metric topological space that is interesting outside of topology, that doesn't have a metric. Preferably as simple as possible; i.e. ideally you should be able to just write it as a set comprehension. But any interesting spaces without metrics qualify.

What are some motivations/examples of useful non-metrizable topological spaces? I am trying to get a feel for what parts of math have topologies appear naturally, but not induced by a metric space. Also, it would be cool and informative if you could list some basic topological properties that each of these spaces have. Thanks.


I'm trying to wrap my head around group presentations and I came up with the question: When can I define maps out of a presentation? So, for example, given a presentation $G=\langle S\mid R\rangle$ for some generators $S$ and relations $R$, when can I define a homomorphism $\phi:G\to\mathbb{Z}$? I'm trying to map generators to generators but I also think relations need to coincide as well so I'm not sure.

I read a text which says that:  Just because a homomorphism $ϕ :G  →  H$  is determined by the image of its generators does not mean that any such image will work.   e.g.: Suppose we try to define homomorphism $ϕ :Z_3  →  Z_4$  by $ϕ(1)=1$  , then we get $ϕ(0)=ϕ(1+1+1)=3$  which isn't possible as $ϕ(0)=0$.  Does there exist some case in which a homomorphism is entirely determined by its generators?


I need to create a Case with Attachment(s) in Salesforce using Rest API. The Case Team should be assigned on created Case. Also the Case Feed Item should be created with some text where the uploaded attachments should be linked. I know how to do it using one Rest API call for each operation. So in my case it will be 6 API calls for 3 attachments. At least I would like to reduce the API calls. Also some kind of transaction required in my case. It is possible to do such operation in one API call at least for Case with Attachments? Can I use something like transaction with REST API? Currently I'm looking into this .

I am working on an app that allows customers to upload images, video, (even gif) into my app. Once the case is processed on my app, I want to place those media files into Salesforce. I have a case record that I would this attached to.   I see multiple records can be added in Rest , and that files can be added to notes and attachments. Can I upload multiple notes and attachments in a single rest call?


I have to prove that:     $$\sum_{k=0}^{n} {{m+k} \choose{m}} = { m+n+1 \choose m+1 }$$   I tried to open up the right side with Pascal's definition that: $$ { n \choose k} = {n-1 \choose {k}} + {n-1 \choose {k-1}}$$  Here is what I came up with, and I am sure it is wrong because it does not equal the left side:  $$ {m+n+1 \choose m+1} = {m+n \choose m+1} + {m+n \choose m} = ... ={m+n \choose m+1} + {m+n-1 \choose m} + {m+n-2 \choose m-1} + ... + {m \choose m+1} = \sum_{k=0}^{n} {m+k \choose m+k-n+1 }  $$  Which, again, probably is wrong because it is not equal $\sum_{k=0}^{n} { m+k \choose m}$. Any help is appreciated

Let $n$ be a nonnegative integer, and $k$ a positive integer. Could someone explain to me why the identity $$ \sum_{i=0}^n\binom{i+k-1}{k-1}=\binom{n+k}{k} $$ holds?


If God exist then why people who didn't do any crime or Sin (particularly children or new born baby) are getting deadly disease? Because The pain they are getting is their own pain that God is not feeling instead of them.

The usual (Christian) justification for suffering/evil in the world created by a benevolent God is freedom of the will. However, the more interesting question is not about the source of evil (which the free will may very well be) but why God chose to create the world such as it is. Why not create a world with freedom of the will, but without suffering? Even assuming that God is bound by logic such combination doesn't seem to be logically impossible: creatures certainly can do good of their own free will. There are two alternatives.  1) God is powerful enough for all practical intents and purposes, enough to be called God, but not omnipotent. He created only the best of all possible worlds (Leibniz). This position is perhaps the most defensible philosophically, it also avoids logical problems with , etc., but it does diminish deity's status and invites unpleasant questions like what limits God (logic only, inert matter, outer chaos, other beings), is there someone/thing more powerful, etc.    Interestingly enough, the original Christian theodicy wasn't free will. St.Augustine says poetically "the canvas of creation requires both the black and the white paint". "Requires" here can be interpreted differently,  is to explain the black by the "just punishment" for the original sin, which brings us to Adam and Eve, and back to the free will. But if God is still omnipotent and hence omniscient creating creatures he knew would sin, and then punishing them for it is hardly an improvement.   2) However, Augustine can be read more straightforwardly. Evil is "required" for the perfection of the world just like black paint is required for the perfection of a painting (evil can be interpreted as lack of good rather than something onto itself but that is beside the point). God is immoral, and he is beyond our conception of morality, his notion of perfection is his own. This is much bolder, and similar to Plotinus's position on the existence of the One, the One can not exist because it is "prior to all existence". But it does evoke the unpleasant taste of "ends justify the means". It is one thing to use "God is beyond our logic and comprehension" to get rid of unliftable stones, it is quite another to convince people to worship an immoral perfectionist.  Formally, there is another logical possibility of asserting both morality and omnipotence, but defending the morality of creating a world full of suffering, for a higher purpose perhaps. For example, the suffering only appears bad to us, not to an absolute being in its wisdom. But this simply redefines morality and is only different in phraseology from the Augustine's position. The question is asked in human terms and has to be answered in kind. One is free to argue that God is beyond human logic and/or morality, but it still leaves him immoral as commonly understood.   There does not appear to be a way to square this circle, one has to accept Leibniz's or Augustine's alternative (or both) and deal with the downsides. Option 2) looks more consistent, but it is rarely embraced, at least not openly. Perhaps, for "public relations" reasons it is more attractive to dismiss the question with something like "this is beyond us" or change the subject to the free will.      What are the modern theological positions on the morality/omnipotence in catholisism, protestantism, etc.? Is the question relevant to other religions?   EDIT: I am not sure that it came through but by immoral I did not mean morally deficient or evil. Rather at the God's plane of being morality becomes meaningless, like tastes or smells are meaningless when applied to elementary particles.


When I open blender, the textures and materials I used turn bright pink. Does anyone know how to help?

I made a character, and its one of my first times texturing, and I saved my character into a new folder, and when I came back to the model ALL the textures were pink, I used to know what to do, but I stopped texturing, how do I bring my textures back?


Maybe this is in the app but I can't seem to find it.   I'd like to be able to control what's in the SE app's feed. Right now it seems to be a random collection of hot questions from the entire network; stuff I have no interest in. Is there a way to specify that I only want it to show items from certain sites on the network? Or a way to configure what type of items show up in there, reputation changes etc...

I happily enjoys Stack exchange android app. I am really having a good experience browsing through various sections .  However, the questions that appear on first page when I open the app seems to be not from the tags which I like/favorites one. Is there a way to customize which questions to appear ?


I have a string containing time stamp in format      (DD/MM/YYYY HH:MM:SS AM/PM), e.g."12/20/2014 15:25:05 pm"   .  The time here is in 24 Hrs format.  I need to convert into same format but with time in 12-Hrs format.  I am using python version 2.6.  I have gone through time library of python but couldn't come up with any solution.

I have a tab delimited file where each record has a timestamp field in 12-hour format:     mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm:ss [AM|PM].   I need to quickly convert these fields to 24-hour time:     mm/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss.   What would be the best way to do this? I'm running on a Windows platform, but I have access to sed, awk, perl, python, and tcl in addition to the usual Windows tools.


Suppose $A$ is the set of all rational numbers $p$ such that $p^2 <2$ and $B$ is the set of all rational numbers $p$ such that $p^2 > 2$. We want to show that $A$ contains no largest element and $B$ contains no smallest element.  In Rudin's Principles of Mathematical Analysis, he associates $q = p- \frac{p^2-2}{p+2} = \frac{2p+2}{p+2}$. Did he just come up with this using trial and error?

First, my apologies if this has already been asked/answered.  I wasn't able to find this question via search.  My question comes from Rudin's "Principles of Mathematical Analysis," or "Baby Rudin," Ch 1, Example 1.1 on p. 2.  In the second version of the proof, showing that sets A and B do not have greatest or lowest elements respectively, he presents a seemingly arbitrary assignment of a number $q$ that satisfies equations (3) and (4), plus other conditions needed to show that $q$ is the right number for the proof.  As an exercise, I tried to derive his choice of $q$ so that I may learn more about the problem.  If we write equations (3) as $q = p - (p^2 - 2)x$, we can write (4) as   $$ q^2 - 2 = (p^2 - 2)[1 - 2px + (p^2 - 2)x^2]. $$  Here, we need a rational $x > 0$, chosen such that the expression in $[...]$ is positive.  Using the quadratic formula and the sign of $(p^2 - 2)$, it can be shown that we need   $$ x \in \left(0, \frac{1}{p + \sqrt{2}}\right) \mbox{ for } p \in A, $$  or, for $p \in B$, $x < 1/\left(p + \sqrt{2}\right)$ or $x > 1/\left(p - \sqrt{2}\right)$.  Notice that there are MANY solutions to these equations! The easiest to see, perhaps, is letting $x = 1/(p + n)$ for $n \geq 2$.  Notice that Rudin chooses $n = 2$ for his answer, but it checks out easily for other $n$.  The Question:  Why does Rudin choose $x = 1/(p + 2)$ specifically?  Is it just to make the expressions work out clearly algebraically?  Why doesn't he comment on his particular choice or the nature of the set of solutions that will work for the proof?  Is there a simpler derivation for the number $q$ that I am missing?