I setup the bridge with netplan on ubuntu 18.04, everythin look ok:  br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500         inet myip  netmask 255.255.255.192  broadcast someip         inet6 myip  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>         ether hidden txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)         RX packets 27382  bytes 5374960 (5.3 MB)         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 8381  bytes 2177553 (2.1 MB)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0  enp2s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500         inet myip  netmask 255.255.255.192  broadcast someip         ether 28:92:4a:36:8f:0e  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)         RX packets 31969  bytes 8078978 (8.0 MB)         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 8955  bytes 2267155 (2.2 MB)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0         device interrupt 16  memory 0xfbee0000-fbf00000    lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536         inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0         inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>         loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)         RX packets 15298  bytes 4480739 (4.4 MB)         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 15298  bytes 4480739 (4.4 MB)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0   As you can see the br0 bridge network is fine.  I can start the virtnetwork.service but I have no Bridges networks on it:  virtnetwork[11291]: Error: No ip address found.   My slave settings looks fine with the br0 name on it I also tried with enp2s0.  Any help is appreciate.

I have a problem with my virtnetwork. I have set the correct network interface on master setting Virtualizor but it said     /etc/sysconfig/: error fetching interface information: Device not   found Error: No ip address found.   when I try to run  service virtnetwork start   Does anyone can help me? Here is my network interface "ifcfg-ens9"  NAME="ens9" DEVICE="ens9" ONBOOT=yes NETBOOT=yes UUID="805c90c6-a8d2-49f1-8707-44696466a9fa" IPV6INIT=yes BOOTPROTO=none TYPE=Ethernet DNS1=127.0.0.1 DEFROUTE=yes IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no IPADDR=xxx.xxx.187.234 PREFIX=29 GATEWAY=xxx.xxx.187.233 IPV6_PEERDNS=yes IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes   Looking forward for the solution. I don't know whats wrong the setting above.


Assume we have a simple linear regression model expressed as $$y= X \beta + \epsilon,$$ where $y$ is a vector of size $n \times 1$, $X$ is a matrix of size $ n \times p$, $\beta$ is the regression coefficients vector of size $p\times 1$, and $\epsilon$ is a noise vector of size $n\times1$.  We all know that the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimator of $\beta$ cannot be used when $p\gg n$. That is why there are a lot of alternative methods were proposed. One of these methods is the Partial Least Squares (PLS) estimator. I read some resources which explain the PLS, but unfortunately I didn't understand well the concept and the main difference between OLS and PLS.  So can someone kindly explain me in detail how PLS works?  Furthermore, can someone write me the Matlab code of how to estimate the $\beta$ vector using PLS?

Can anyone recommend a good exposition of the theory behind partial least squares regression (available online) for someone who understands SVD and PCA?  I have looked at many sources online and have not found anything that had the right combination of rigor and accessibility.    I have looked into The Elements of Statistical Learning, which was suggested in a comment on a question asked on Cross Validated, , but I don't think that this reference does the topic justice (it's too brief to do so, and doesn't provide much theory on the subject).  From what I've read, PLS exploits linear combinations of the predictor variables, $z_i=X \varphi_i$ that maximize the covariance $ y^Tz_i $ subject to the constraints $\|\varphi_i\|=1$ and $z_i^Tz_j=0$ if $i \neq j$, where the $\varphi_i$ are chosen iteratively, in the order in which they maximize the covariance.  But even after all I've read, I'm still uncertain whether that is true, and if so, how the method is executed.


Let $T<\infty$, $(\Omega,\mathcal F,P)$ a probability space carrying a standard $d$-dimensional Brownian motion $(B_t)_{t\geq 0}$ and $(\mathcal F_t)_{t\geq 0}$ the natural $\sigma$-algebra filtration generated by $(B_t)_{t\geq 0}$, $\mathcal F=\mathcal F_T$. $(A_t)_{t\in[0,T]}$ is a continuous $R$-valued and strictly increasing $(\mathcal F_t)$-adapted processes satisfying $A_0=0$.  If we define $\tilde B_t:=B_{A_t}$ and $\tilde{\mathcal F}_t:=\mathcal F_{A_t}$, then we have that $\tilde B_0=0$, $E[\tilde B_t]=0$ for each $t$, and $\tilde B_t-\tilde B_s$ is independent of $\tilde{\mathcal F}_s$, but $E[\tilde B^2_t]\neq t$. So $(\tilde B_t)$ is not a Brownian motion under $P$.  I am wondering that if we can find an appropriate probability measure $\tilde P$ to make $\tilde B$ a standard Brownian motion under a new probability space $(\Omega,\tilde{\mathcal F},\tilde P)$?  My attempt: To make $(\tilde B_t)$ a Brownian motion, we only need to make it satisfy the Gaussian distribution $G$, so define the corresponding probability measure $\tilde P(\tilde B_t\in A):=G(A)$ for each $A\in\mathcal B(R^d)$.   I reffere to Theorem 3.4.6 in pp.174 of Brownian motion and stochastic calculus authored by Ioannis Katatzas and Steven Sherve, second edition. By this result, $(\tilde B_t)$ is a sandard Brownian motion if $(A_t)$ is a $\mathcal F_t$-martingale. Without this restriction, I can not obtain my desired result.

Let $T<\infty$, $(\Omega,\mathcal F,P)$ a probability space carrying a standard $d$-dimensional Brownian motion $(B_t)_{t\geq 0}$ and $(\mathcal F_t)_{t\geq 0}$ the natural $\sigma$-algebra filtration generated by $(B_t)_{t\geq 0}$, $\mathcal F=\mathcal F_T$. $(A_t)_{t\in[0,T]}$ is an absolutely continuous $R$-valued and strictly increasing $(\mathcal F_t)$-adapted processes satisfying $A_0=0$. Note that for a fixed $t\in[0,T]$, $A_t$ is a $\mathcal F_t$-stopping time.  If we define $\tilde B_t:=B_{A_t}$ and $\tilde{\mathcal F}_t:=\mathcal F_{A_t}$, then we have that $\tilde B_0=0$, $E[\tilde B_t]=0$ for each $t$, and $\tilde B_t-\tilde B_s$ is independent of $\tilde{\mathcal F}_s$, but $E[\tilde B^2_t]=E[A_t]$. So $(\tilde B_t)$ is not a Brownian motion under $P$.  I am wondering that if we can find an appropriate probability measure $\tilde P$ to make $\tilde B$ a standard Brownian motion under a new probability space $(\Omega,\tilde{\mathcal F},\tilde P)$?  My attempt: To make $(\tilde B_t)$ a Brownian motion, we only need to make it satisfy the Gaussian distribution $G$, so define the corresponding probability measure $\tilde P(\tilde B_t\in A):=G(A)$ for each $A\in\mathcal B(R^d)$.   I reffere to Theorem 3.4.6 in pp.174 of Brownian motion and stochastic calculus authored by Ioannis Katatzas and Steven Sherve, second edition. By this result, $(\tilde B_t)$ is a sandard Brownian motion if $(A_t)$ is a $\mathcal F_t$-martingale. Without this restriction, I can not obtain my desired result.


Suppose $a_n>0$, $s_n=a_1+ \dots+ a_n$, and $\sum a_n $diverges.  I need to prove that $\sum \frac{a_n}{1+a_n}$ diverges.  My attempt: We have $\forall n \in \mathbb{N}^*, a_n>0$  $\forall n \in \mathbb{N}^*, \frac{a_n}{1+a_n}-a_n\\= \frac{a_n^2}{1+a_n} \sim {a_n}^2  $  Since $\sum a_n$ diverges, then $\sum {a_n}^2$ diverges (is this true ?) By the equivalence theorem, we can deduce that the series $\sum\big(\frac{a_n}{1+a_n}-a_n\big) $ diverges.  Since $\forall n \in \mathbb{N}^*, \frac{a_n}{1+a_n}=\big(\frac{a_n}{1+a_n}-a_n\big)+a_n$  Then: $\sum\frac{a_n}{1+a_n}$ diverges  Can someone verify my proof ?

Let $\sum\limits_{n\geq1}a_n$ be a positive series, and $\sum\limits_{n\geq1}a_n=+\infty$, prove that: $$\sum_{n\geq1}\frac{a_n}{1+a_n}=+\infty.$$


$a$ and $b$ are elements of a group $G$, with the property that $ab=ba$.  Problems:  a) Demonstrate that if $a$ and $b$ have infinite order, then $ab$ may have either finite or infinite order.   b) If $a$ has finite order and $b$ has infinite order, then determine and prove whether $ab$ has infinite or finite order.   c) If $a$ and $b$ have finite order, show with proof whether $ab$ has finite or infinite order.

Let $G$ be a group and let $a,b$ be two elements of $G$. What can we say about the order of their product $ab$?   says "not much":     There is no general formula relating the order of a product $ab$ to the orders of $a$ and $b$. In fact, it is possible that both $a$ and $b$ have finite order while $ab$ has infinite order, or that both $a$ and $b$ have infinite order while $ab$ has finite order.   On the other hand no examples are provided. $(\mathbb{Z},+), 1$ and $-1$ give an example of elements of infinite order with product of finite order. I can't think of any example of the other kind! So:   What's an example of a group $G$ and two elements $a,b$ both of finite order such that their product has infinite order?     Wikipedia then states:     If $ab = ba$, we can at least say that $\mathrm{ord}(ab)$ divides $\mathrm{lcm}(\mathrm{ord}(a), \mathrm{ord}(b))$   which is easy to prove, but not very effective. So:   What are some similar results about the order of a product, perhaps with some additional hypotheses?


I simply want an outline/edge detection of the character/item/object that is selected or doing something.  I'm seeing lots of versions of this question for different languages, but I would appreciate an approach that can be implemented in a web context. I don't know if this is better dealt with in the server or can be done on the client side. I have no idea of how to access the alpha transparency layer in any language. Please advise. Sorry for the lack of specificity, just getting a handle on what I want. This would be in a 2d context.  This picture  shows what i'm going for. Not sure if answers in that question apply to my problem.

How can I achieve an outline effect similar to the ones found in League of Legends or Diablo III?      Is it done using a shader? How? I would prefer answers that are not tied up to any particular engine but one that I can adapt to whatever engine I'm working on.


Ubuntu 64 14.04 comes with rsyslog (7) built-in.  I've added test.conf to /etc/rsyslog.d with the following line:  :syslogtag,isequal,"test"       /var/log/test.log   I then restart rsyslog and log using logger:  echo "hi there" | logger -t test   I expect that line to reach /var/log/test.log, but instead it reaches syslog.log.  What am I doing wrong?

I have several applications and scripts that I want to redirect the output to custom files.  I launch those applications using   command | logger -t TAG   I would like to filter these messages based on their tags and redirect them to different files. I don't want to use bash redirection as those applications are mainly long running process and need proper log rotation.  I have tried to add a custom filter in /etc/rsyslog.d/60-myfilter.conf ;  if $syslogtag == 'giomanager' then /var/log/giomanager.log   What am I doing wrong ?  What is the proper way to filter based on the tag or is there a better option to have similar result?


I recently finished my PC build using a motherboard with a built in Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 9560. While Bluetooth is working in Ubuntu 16.04, WiFi is still not working.   I tried installing the firmware provided on Intel's website  by copying iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-34.618819.0.tgz to lib/firmware/ but this does not seem to help.  Below is some more information that might be useful:  $ dmesg | grep iwl [    5.535335] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: enabling device (0000 -> 0002) [    5.562102] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: loaded firmware version 33.610294.0 op_mode iwlmvm [    5.575320] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Detected Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless AC 9560, REV=0x318 [    5.620228] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Microcode SW error detected. Restarting 0x0. [    5.620233] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Not valid error log pointer 0x00000000 for Init uCode [    5.620273] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: SecBoot CPU1 Status: 0x3, CPU2 Status: 0x2339 [    5.620274] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Failed to start INIT ucode: -5 [    5.632149] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Failed to run INIT ucode: -5   sudo modprobe iwlwifi returns no output.  $rfkill list all 0: hci0: Bluetooth     Soft blocked: no     Hard blocked: no  $ uname -a Linux xx 4.13.0-43-generic #48~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu May 17 12:56:46 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Currently using Ubuntu 18.04, and my wireless driver is not being detected.  I've included a .  $ dmesg | grep iwl [    6.212724] Loading modules backported from iwlwifi [    6.212724] iwlwifi-stack-public:master:6988:0d8892f2 [    6.224583] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: enabling device (0000 -> 0002) [    6.229811] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwl-dbg-cfg.ini failed with error -2 [    6.230540] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-39.ucode failed with error -2 [    6.230547] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-38.ucode failed with error -2 [    6.230552] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-37.ucode failed with error -2 [    6.230557] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-36.ucode failed with error -2 [    6.230562] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Direct firmware load for iwlwifi-9000-pu-b0-jf-b0-35.ucode failed with error -2 [    6.236670] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: loaded firmware version 34.0.0 op_mode iwlmvm [    6.248314] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Detected Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless AC 9560, REV=0x318 [    7.264081] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: SecBoot CPU1 Status: 0x3, CPU2 Status: 0x2477 [    7.264084] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Failed to start INIT ucode: -110 [    7.276165] iwlwifi 0000:00:14.3: Failed to run INIT ucode: -110   sudo modprobe iwlwifi returns no output.


Basic question, but is there some sort of connection between the two, or are they just separate definitions.

A  in a Euclidean space is typically represented by a function $F\colon S\to\mathbb{R}^N$, where $S\subset \mathbb{R}^N$. An  is a space which has some nice properties. Is there a mathematical reason both of phrases use the term field? Is there some way we can view one in terms of the other? It looks like the answer is no, but I am not an algebraist. If not, which phrase originated first?


$B$ is a square matrix of real numbers. Show that the matrix $BB^T$ is always symmetric.

Through experience I've seen that the following statement holds true: "$A^TA$ is always a symmetric matrix?", where $A$ is any matrix.  However can this statement be proven/falsefied?


which solution is correct in the picture?

I know there must be something unmathematical in the following but I don't know where it is: \begin{align} \sqrt{-1} &= i \\\\\ \frac1{\sqrt{-1}} &= \frac1i \\\\  \frac{\sqrt1}{\sqrt{-1}} &= \frac1i \\\\  \sqrt{\frac1{-1}} &= \frac1i \\\\  \sqrt{\frac{-1}1} &= \frac1i \\\\  \sqrt{-1} &= \frac1i \\\\  i &= \frac1i \\\\  i^2 &= 1 \\\\  -1 &= 1 \quad !!? \end{align}


i am trying to make a UML for a c# project. all the references for the UML shows that you need to define attribute and operations for a class in class diagram. but i have written c# codes a lot and i know for a class you need to know the operations and properties. we have attribute in C# but it is not that important for creating a class. is it right that attributes is actually the properties in UML for c#? thank you.

Not quite an Attribute, not quite a Method. Stereotypes? <<get>> <<set>>?    I'm retro-modelling an existing system, so I need to clearly reflect that this is not the same as a readonly field or a methods pair (regardless of what the IL says), so I think I'll go with the stereotype, but I'll accept the language independant get_ set_ as a general solution. Thanks all for the sanity test.


Under the Login's page where it shows the social networks you can login with,  How does one delete those ?

How do I remove login credentials (emails or OpenIDs) from my account?     For more information, see "" in the .


Having a bit of a discussion about this with a friend.  The only reason I know to pronounce "wand" like "want" and not "hand" is because that's how I've heard it, and I've just copied that. But from a more rigirous point of view, I can't really explain why this is correct.  Is there any rule that applies to this?

Why doesn't watch rhyme with catch, batch, latch, patch, and match?


Is there a one visa or any paper that lets you enter (almost) any country in the world? For example, you are trusted and record-free citizen of couple countries and you sign something that makes you allowed to enter (almost) any country.

I understand that you have to have visas to enter some countries, but I was wondering whether you have to pay for each visa separately or you can get a visa to go everywhere. You see videos and lists on what you should pack to travel the world, but no lists on the documentation needed.


For Delphi compilers from XE2 through to XE8, for non-windows target platforms, is the read operation of an integer data member, annotated with [Volatile], atomic?  I know for the case of windows platform, it is atomic if and only if the data member is aligned to 4 bytes, but what about non-windows (Android etc.)?  Please note, I am not asking about thread-safety. Thread-safety and atomicity are two different things.

Are 'boolean' variables thread-safe for reading and writing from any thread?  I've seen some newsgroup references to say that they are.  Are any other data types available?  (Enumerated types, short ints perhaps?)  It would be nice to have a list of all data types that can be safely read from any thread and another list that can also be safely written to in any thread without having to resort to various synchronization methods.


I want to know that what is the normalization, what are the types of normal forms are there. And also that why it is used in datbase?

Why do database guys go on about normalisation?    What is it? How does it help?    Does it apply to anything outside of databases?


Libreoffice 5.0 was just released.  tried   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-5.0   But     cannot add PPA: 'ppa:~libreoffice/ubuntu/libreoffice-5-0'.   The team named '~libreoffice' has no PPA named 'ubuntu/libreoffice-5-0'   Edit: You can add Libreofiice 5.0 using     sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:libreoffice/ppa

LibreOffice is seeing some dramatic improvements each version and subversion that goes out.   I would like to have always the latest version of LibreOffice on my machine(s). I know of the PPA that exists but is it recommended to use it with 12.04 for daily use? What are the pro and cons of using the PPA? Will it break my system/Libreoffice installation?  Does libreoffice get eventually also upgraded in the Ubuntu repositories or does this upgrade happen only with new releases? Who manages the upgrades of libreoffice in Ubuntu and in the PPA?


I had a very nice pickaxe with great enchantments on it. I noticed at one point, that I can't repair it anymore ("too expensive!"). I found .  Is there any way to surpass this counter? It really annoys me, I worked hours to get a pickaxe with Silk Touch and now everything starts from scratch. :/

I have a bow that has Power IV, Flame II, Punch II, and Infinity I, and also it's renamed. According to the wiki, that has a base value of 38. Since the max level is 39, that would mean practically anything I want to do is above the max. Is there any way to repair it?


I'd like to add a link in my profile with a domain name which contains an accent, but when I save the changes, the accent is removed resulting in a different URL.  For example, from accentués.com, it goes to accentus.com.  Could we have accents in the "Website link" field?

If you try to enter a internationalized domain name as your "website" in your profile, it will be silently stripped of any non-English characters.  Ex: My webiste is  but when I try to enter that it saves it as http://linus.unnebck.se/ when it actually should display linus.unnebäck.se and link to http://linus.xn--unnebck-9wa.se/ (or just link with the ä, don't now what is the right thing to do).  As I wrote this post I also noticed that the markup ends the link at the first non-English character aswell, look at the example above.


Does volatile need for int type in Java? As I understand 32bit-platform read/write 4bytes type data as atomic. Could I get issue if I will use int data type in concurrency program?

At work today, I came across the volatile keyword in Java. Not being very familiar with it, I found . Given the detail in which that article explains the keyword in question, do you ever use it or could you ever see a case in which you could use this keyword in the correct manner?


I'm currently doing a lot of normality tests and was using Shapiro-Wilk for my data. The problem is, that my data is discrete (likert-scaled from 0 to 5) and the grouping intervals exceed 0.1 of my standard deviation, so according to what I read Shapiro-Wilk is the wrong test.   I used pearsons test in the nortest-package in R now, but it still rejects nearly everything, which seems weird to me (see example plot below: Histogram + Normal distribution as a blue line above the histogram). I read on Wikipedia that theres a so called Sheppard-Correction for Shapiro-Wilk when using tied values. Does anyone know a R-implementation of that and how it works?  My histogram looks normal to me, of course its still not continous so Shapiro-Wilk rejects it, but pearson.test also rejects it with P = 110.09, p-value < 2.2e-16.

I'm working with R since a few months and read the book Discovering Statistics with R by from Andy Field until Chapter 12 by now.  I have some data, which I (for now without any specific reason) want to check for normality.   The data was produced by people filling out a online survey and could check an item on a scale from 1 to 4. So obviously the variable is a discrete one, which is (at least I guess) why I get the strange looking qqplot below. What I don't understand is: My data looks (at least to me) quite like a normal distribution.  The p-value computed by R is still < 0.01 and I don't know why. Is the distribution not normal and everything is right, or is the reason that I only have 4 different values? My sample size is above 70.


Can anyone tell me what the * character is doing in this line of python code?  struct.pack(">%df" % numframes, *[frame/fps for frame in xrange(numframes)])   I've look through the  but I can't find that character on it's own.  Thanks!

In the following method definitions, what does the * and ** do for param2?  def foo(param1, *param2): def bar(param1, **param2):


When reading the proof for if $R$ is a UFD, then $R[x]$ is a UFD, the author uses a fact that $F[x]$ is a UFD. I don't quite understand this.     Why $F[x]$ is a UFD? ($F$ is the fraction field of $R$).     Can someone explain to me why? Thanks.

Prove that any polynomial in $F[x]$ can be written in a unique manner as a product of irreducible polynomials in $F[x]$.  $F$ is a field of fractions of a UFD.  Can someone tell me how I can solve this problem. It is one of my lecture note result, but my lecturer did not provide a proof.


At work I'm covered by an HDHP with an HSA.  My dentist has the policy of estimating the amount that my insurance will cover and asking for the remainder at the time of service.  On my most recent visit, the office grossly miscalculated  the amount that my insurance would pay and ended up charging me more than they should have.  Now that the insurance has paid their portion, the dentist owes me a refund of the overcharge.  If I've already sought reimbursement for the original amount of out-of-pocket expense from my HSA (it's a qualified expense), what do I need to do (if anything) to make the HSA whole?  I'm assuming that this can't be corrected by an additional contribution.  Is there some form of excess distribution (the converse of an excess contribution)?  Possibly related:

I used an HSA to buy some contact lenses.  They came with a rebate form that I can send in to get a refund of about 1/5 of the purchase price.  Is it okay to send away for the refund after using the HSA to buy the contact lenses?  If I get the refund, do I have to deposit they money back into the HSA, or can I spend it any way I wish without having to pay any tax penalty on it?  If I get the rebate, do I need to declare it when I do my (USA) taxes next year?


I am trying to edit a csv file in excel, but am running into issues with its supposedly-helpful automatic format detection, and I don't know how to turn it off.  I have a field with an original value "28:55". Excel converts this immediately on loading the file into "28:55:00", thinking it needs to be in hh:mm:ss format. When I try to manually convert the format back to a string, it inexplicably transforms into "1.204861111".  How do I turn off this automatic data conversion when loading a file? I haven't been able to find anything helpful in the excel settings.  [edit]: This is Excel 2010. All online resources I have looked at just tell you how to stop automatic conversion once a file is loaded, not how to stop the conversion that happens during Excel's initial reading of the data.

Though I try to avoid it, I occasionally have to open a CSV file in Excel. When I do, it formats columns containing numbers, which makes them useless for my purposes. As far as I can tell, the only way to prevent this from happening on import is to rename the file so the extension isn't .csv and use the import wizard to specify the format of each column individually. For files with 50-60 columns, this is impractical.  Since every answer for this oft-asked question on the internet suggests either some means of converting the formatted numbers back once the file is open (which won't work for me - I want to solve the general problem, not a few specific cases) or manually selecting the format type of each column (which I don't want to do), I'm looking for a way to set a global preference or style such that all columns of all CSV files opened are always formatted as text.  I know about "armoring" the numbers with quotes, too, but the files I get don't come like that and I was hoping to avoid having to pre-process the files so Excel doesn't screw them up.  Is there a way to do specifically this: Always format all columns in opened CSV files as text, without manually selecting each column every time during import?  I'm using Excel 2003, but I'll take answers for 2007 if that's what you know.


I've noticed something very strange.  I switched to using   \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[urw-garamond]{mathdesign} %this below also works. Do not know what is the difference. %\usepackage[garamond]{mathdesign}    Which looks like a nice font. The problem is that, when using Koma-Script's classes, such as scrbook or scrartcl, the title, and all chapter and section heading, use completely different font (which I do not know what it is ) than the rest of the document, which makes final result look ugly due to having 2 different fonts next to each others.  This only happens when using Koma. When switching to standard article and standard book classes, then the title and section text font now matches the rest of the text.  Here is a MWE using standard article class  %\documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl} \documentclass[11pt]{article} %\documentclass[11pt]{scrbook} %\documentclass[11pt]{book}  \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage[urw-garamond]{mathdesign} %\usepackage[garamond]{mathdesign}  %this also works, without urw \begin{document}  \title{HW 1, Hard class.\\               Fall 2018\\        University Of Somewhere } \author{John Doe} \date{\today} \maketitle  %\chapter{This is chapter one} %test  \section{This is section one} This is some equation $x^2=y$.     \end{document}     Now, notice what happens when using koma (change the code above to use \documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl}). This is the output    Which looks bad. The titles and chapter and section all look like they are using different font and not using garamond.  Question is: How to make koma use the same font everywhere, including titles like the standard classes do?  TL 2018. Compiled using lualatex foo.tex. This is list of files when using \documentclass[11pt]{scrartcl} for the above example  *File List* scrartcl.cls    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script document class (article) scrkbase.sty    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script package (KOMA-Script-dependent bas ics and keyval usage)  scrbase.sty    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script package (KOMA-Script-independent b asics and keyval usage)   keyval.sty    2014/10/28 v1.15 key=value parser (DPC) scrlfile.sty    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script package (loading files) tocbasic.sty    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script package (handling toc-files) scrsize11pt.clo    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script font size class option (11pt) typearea.sty    2018/03/30 v3.25 KOMA-Script package (type area)  fontenc.sty    t1enc.def    2017/04/05 v2.0i Standard LaTeX file    t1lmr.fd    2009/10/30 v1.6 Font defs for Latin Modern mathdesign.sty    2013/08/29 v2.31 Math Design Project   ifthen.sty    2014/09/29 v1.1c Standard LaTeX ifthen package (DPC)    mdugm.cfg    mdugm.sty    2013/08/29 v2.31 urw garamondno8 + mdugm (Math Design Project)   mdfont.def    2013/08/29 v2.31 (Math Design Project) mdsffont.def    2013/08/29 v2.31 (Math Design Project) mdttfont.def    2013/08/29 v2.31 (Math Design Project)  xkeyval.sty    2014/12/03 v2.7a package option processing (HA)  xkeyval.tex    2014/12/03 v2.7a key=value parser (HA)  t1mdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for T1/mdugm.  fontenc.sty    t1enc.def    2017/04/05 v2.0i Standard LaTeX file   mdacmr.fd   mdbcmr.fd   t1lmss.fd    2009/10/30 v1.6 Font defs for Latin Modern ot1mdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for OT1/mdugm. omlmdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for OML/mdugm. omsmdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for OMS/mdugm. omxmdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for OMX/mdugm. mdamdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for MDA/mdugm. mdbmdugm.fd    2013/08/29 Fontinst v1.933 font definitions for MDB/mdugm.

Is there a possibility to change the font-style in the table of contents? Everything I wrote down in my document was written with Times. However, the ToC does not have the same font family. Is there a way to change the font of the ToC to Times New Roman? Thank you : )    \documentclass[a4paper, fontsize=11pt]{scrbook} \usepackage{geometry} \geometry{a4paper, top=25mm, left=25mm, right=25mm, bottom=20mm, headsep=10mm, footskip=12mm}  \usepackage[ngerman]{babel}  \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}        \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} \usepackage{acronym}      \usepackage{anyfontsize}  \begin{document}  \tableofcontents  \chapter{Test} Is there a possibility to change the font-style in the table of contents? Everthing I wrote down in my document was written with Times. However, the ToC does not have the same font family. Is there a way to change the font of the ToC to Times New Roman?  \end{document}


I want to launch a website and since i am really new at this i am not able to decide what web hosting service will be best for me. Godaddy is the name i am hearing everywhere but few people say that its not good and theymake fool of us by applying hidden charges, stealing domain name etc. So i just want to know what are the alternatives present better than godaddy. And is godaddy really good.. would you suggest me to go with godaddy ?

This is a "catch-all" question designed to serve as an answer for all questions about choosing web hosting.  Pro Webmasters no longer accepts new questions about how to choose hosting.  All future questions pertaining to finding web hosting should be closed as a duplicate of this question. For more information about this policy please see .    How to find web hosting that meets my requirements?  What we're looking for in answers to this question are the basics about web hosting:   What is web hosting? What is the difference between shared, VPS, and dedicated hosting? How does a content delivery network relate to web hosting? Anything else you feel is helpful in finding a web host.   What we do not want is:   Endorsements or recommendations for specific web hosts We do not want your experience or other subjective information (just the facts please)


I'd like to see the audit check moved later in the process from (currently) when the user initially clicks the close button, to the vote to close button 1 screen later.    Recently I failed an audit when I saw a question that looked ok, but pressed close to see the expanded explanations and other votes, knowing that my vote is cast only when the vote to close button is pressed.   I feel like my vote was cast when I walked into the polling place, instead of in the voting booth.

Having just  from any of the queues, it was reviewing close votes; however, this audit was flawed in that I didn't even cast a close vote.  Often I press the Close button to preview greater detail and sentiment of the closure, spawning the Why should this question be closed dialog box:    Especially for duplicates, where functionality is solely dependent on spawning this dialog.  From Closing > Duplicate, I can search or view selected duplicates:    Although, I realize general closure reasons are summarized on the page:    This question had 6-upvotes, but seemed very localized referencing subjective query is "taking too long" and even had a sqlfiddle link.  Maybe overly broad regarding performance tuning, the OP was posting like a forum with two answer posts to his own question  and  with one of those answers asking follow-up questions.    Wanting to gauge community response, current closure totals struck my curiosity.  So, I pressed the Close button and boom - oh, the humanity!  I failed, and didn't even cast a close vote.    Votes are not cast until a reason for closure is selected and Vote to Close is pressed.  Taking any review very seriously on this site, it only seems fair that my review quality is tested through actionable steps instead of clicking for more detailed information, leveraging the functional design of the close vote user interface.  Sure, it's complex to seed fake vote totals, and then there's controversy of mindless voting in the majority or people who simply cherry pick 4-vote questions.  Still though, it seems unfair I should hesitate to review further information of vote totals and duplicates before skipping due to the implementation of this audit.


I was looking at my recent reputation changes today, and it said that I received -2 reputation because "Python program keeps hanging, no error message, just stalls at the same point" got deleted. The problem here was that this wasn't even my question, it's just that I had edited it earlier. Can someone help me understand what is going on here?

On Stack Exchange, users may gain a certain level of reputation.  What does reputation do? How can a user gain or lose reputation?   See also   in the Help Center  - Maximum amount of votes a user can use in a day and reputation requirements to vote.  - How to get an exact overview of the actions that got you your reputation.  - A full list of all privileges granted at each reputation level on all sites.


I'm on Ubuntu 14.04 using a ZBook 14 which has Intel® Haswell Mobile graphics and an AMD FirePro M4100. Using the open-source radeon driver, how can I switch between the intel and the AMD card?  I'm using 14.04 so instructions for 13.10 and below don't apply.

On Ubuntu 12.04 my Sony Vaio VPCSE with Intel® HD Graphics 3000 and AMD Radeon™ HD 6630M worked fine with the Catalyst Control Center version 12.6. Also the switching between integrated and discrete graphic card was working.  In both cases, I followed this .  But it is not working on Ubuntu 12.10.   I tested the tutorial with the Catalyst Control Center from the Ubuntu Software Center, the version 12.8 and version 12.9. Always the same problem: After installation process I am able to boot in the login-screen. But after entering the password for my username, only the background-image appears. Unity seems not to be starting. I am only able to reach the context-menu by right clicking the mouse button.  I also tried , but is also does not work for me.  Any ideas what to do to fix this problem?   Update: Same problem on Ubuntu 13.04!  Update: Solution for 13.04 ist not working on Ubuntu 13.10!


I was thinking about a character in the TV show during one episode of sun and moon Ash meets a trainer who just loves Pikachu and I wanted to make a deck baced on her so I understand you can only have 4 with the same name but what if they had a different name like "Pikachu libre" or "detective Pikachu" or ex and gx

I have noticed that some Pokémon have the same name but different features (be it hit points, attacks or abilities). How does this work? I am accustomed to card games where the same card, even with different art, has the same behaviour but here it seems that you can have variations on a theme. Do they count towards the "max 4 per deck" rule even if they are different? Does it change something at tournament/competitive play Vs casual play?


I wanted to make a bash script that takes a random picture from a folder and sets it as the desktop background. I figured out the algorithm (it's not hard) but I can't find a command that would change the background picture if you give it the path to the picture.   I found gconftool for bash 2.~ and gsettings for bash 3.~, but i have GNU bash, version 4.3.42(1)-release on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS and these don't work.

I have a script that updates my desktop background every day with the NASA APOD. Since upgrading to 11.10, that script stopped working, presumably because I'm using gconftool-2 to actually update the desktop background. Is there a new way to do this under Unity?


I have a checkbox that is intended to allow the user to send email notifications or not. We'd prefer the email notifications to be sent, so email notifications are sent by default, giving the user an option to not send them.  What I'm wondering, is it better to start with the checkbox checked, and the label saying: "Send email notifications".    Or, start with the checkbox not checked and the label saying "Don't send email notifications"    Perhaps I'm over-thinking this, but I wondered if there was a solid reason to use one over the other?

Whilst filling out a form on the Royal Mail site this morning, I came across this heresy of form design: the self-negating checkbox...    This required careful (re)reading to ensure that:   I was actually opting out of the first set of marketing questions I did not have to tick the second group of boxes as these were default opt-out ... I was not actually going crazy   The mixed metaphor is confusing enough to me, but I was under the impression that (in EU countries at least) the legal requirement was for all marketing preference questions to now be opt-in by default, not opt-out?  Has any notable comparative research been done into opt-in versus opt-out options on forms to see which are more annoying / easier to understand? The inconsistency across sites just from one country is mindboggling, never mind an apparent lack of international standard. Is it just me failing to wrap my head around things still being opt-out by default or does nobody else actually care?


I have cracked my phone on the top-right corner, which makes me unable to see my notifications. It is such a big issue, I would really like to make my screen smaller, just so I can see them again.  Is there a way (preferable non-root, but if it has to be rooted it's ok) to resize my screen? If you grant WRITE_SECURE_SETTINGS to an app you can do things like enable fullscreen in all apps, so is there maybe a way I can make an app that resizes my screen all the time?

I have Star N7189 (5.5") with the lower zone of touch screen dead     The menu and back buttons don't work,but the physical home button works.   I tried to press hard on the edges of the screen, I tried to apply a twist from the short sides as if it were nothing but a wet towel. I did the hard reset but it did not work.  Sometimes pressing dead area, the phone takes it as menu button  As well as replacing the screen what other methods can I try? Is there any app, launcher or trick to resize the screen usable only to the working area?  P.S. a few hours after leaving it in airplane mode suddenly the touch had this problem but I do not remember if I inadvertently placed something heavy in that area of the cell.


I'm looking at the official repo,  - how would I replace the ubuntu 15.04 kernel (3.x) with the latest, 4.x one? My current system has the x86_64 architecture.

Currently I'm running Linux-3.0 and I want to update it to Linux-3.3.1 the latest stable kernel release as mentioned at . Can I update to 3.3.1 in Ubuntu without any risk of crashes? I'm updating my kernel regularly as provided by the Update Manager..Currently I have Linux-3.0.0.17..Can I update?  NOTE:  The latest kernel version any user is supposed to use in Ubuntu is updated automatically via the Update Manager, so no action is normally required by user regarding kernel upgrades. What the question author is referring to is mainline kernel, see:


so lets say this is my list:  my_list = ['a','b','c','d','e','f']   and I want it to become:  new_list = [['a','b','c'],['d','e','f']]   I know there's a way to do it with:  new_list = [] new_list1 = [] new_list2 = []     for x in my_list:   new_list1.append((x[0]+x[1]+x[2]))   new_list2.append((x[3]+x[4]+x[5]))   new_list.append((new_list1+new_list2)) print(new_list)   is there another way to do it? Thank you

I have a list of arbitrary length, and I need to split it up into equal size chunks and operate on it. There are some obvious ways to do this, like keeping a counter and two lists, and when the second list fills up, add it to the first list and empty the second list for the next round of data, but this is potentially extremely expensive.  I was wondering if anyone had a good solution to this for lists of any length, e.g. using generators.  I was looking for something useful in itertools but I couldn't find anything obviously useful. Might've missed it, though.  Related question:


I've been thinking about entropy for a while and why it is a confusing concept and many references are filled with varying descriptions of something that is a statistical probability (arrows of time, disorder, etc.).  Could this confusion be in the nature of it's units and how it is scattered around in different equations?  When Maxwell published his paper on the molecular distribution of velocities in 1859. This has led to the identification of temperature with the mean kinetic energy of atoms or molecules in the gas.  At that point we could have redefined temperature to units with energy which make sense instead of K.  This would make the new $T_a=kT$ where $T_a$ is the new absolute temperature in the units with energy.  Once temperature is in the units of energy this makes entropy unitless (makes more sense to me):  $S = ln(W)$  In addition this makes other equations more clear:  Maxwell's gas law identity has the form (for atomic particles of mass m) $\frac{3kT}{2} = \frac{m<ν^2>}{2}$ where T is the absolute temperature and $<ν^2>$ , the average of the squared velocity of the atoms, and k Boltzmann’s constant.  But with $T_a$, the relation $\frac{3kT}{2} = \frac{m<ν^2>}{2}$ will become simpler $\frac{3T_a}{2} = \frac{m<ν^2>}{2}$  And the gas constant R in the equation of state for ideal gases would be changed into Avogadro number $N_{AV} = 6.022 × 10^{23}$ and the equation state of one mole of an ideal gas will read: $PV = N_{AV}T_a$, instead of $PV = RT$  Why bother?  This would make entropy identical conceptually and formally to information by redefining temperature in terms of units of energy.  This creates a strong association between entropy and probability and makes the second law (which isn't absolute anyway) less mysterious.  Would it make sense to have temperature in units of energy at other levels of physics and entropy unitless say in the case of black holes entropy?

If we set the  to $1$, then entropy would just be $\ln \Omega$, temperature would be measured in , and average kinetic energy would be an integer times $\frac{T}{2}$. Why do we need separate units for temperature and energy?


Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.     No other boy in our neighborhood runs as fast as (he, him).       Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.     Who could make spaghetti better than (she, her)?         Choose the correct pronoun to complete the sentence.     The book about the history of pencils was more interesting to you than to (he, him).

Consider the sentence "I can run faster than 15 miles per hour." Its meaning is clear and to my eyes obviously grammatically correct. Now let me present some variations that have given me trouble for a long time.  I am faster than 15 miles per hour. – To me this is clearly incorrect. Directly comparing me to a speed doesn't seem right. We need to compare my speed to a speed, or me to another person.  I can run faster than him. – Compared to the base sentence, there is a distinct shift in meaning of the comparison. While before I named a speed faster than which I can run, now I am naming a person. It doesn't seem quite right. I realize the parts of speech can change, but my initial objection is that "him" is not a speed.  I can run faster than he. – This seems most correct to me, but still somehow feels objectionable. Is this in fact the correct way to say it? And if so, is it proper as is or need I say "... faster than he can" or even "... faster than he can run?"  I am faster than him. – With "am" instead of "can run" it now seems slightly more correct. But is it?  I am faster than he. – I'm in doubt here. It doesn't seem wrong to me to say, "I am faster than he is" or even "I am faster than he is fast." (Though I suppose that is a given since I could hardly properly compare to some other category as in "I am faster than he is smart.")  My speed is faster than his. – Hmm. This seems more proper as "my speed is greater than his."   So which of these constructions is correct and which is incorrect? Is there a general rule that I can follow? UPDATE The scholarly article  may be of great interest to some readers!  Once we accept that the elided constituent and its antecedent can differ in form, it becomes reasonable to ask how large this difference can be. The answer in Rooth (1992), Fiengo and May (1994), Chung et al. (1995) and subsequent work is that the wiggle room is actually quite small: the elided constituent and its antecedent are allowed to differ only in the realization of inﬂectional morphology. Other than that, both constituents have to be syntactically and lexically isomorphic.


How can I write a double expression below de comand \argmin for explain the range of two variables

Is there a way to force a line break inside a math mode text?  My example:  \[   \underbrace{....}_\text{Some long text that should be multiline} \]   Trying  \text{Some long text that\\ should be multiline}   Didn't do the trick.


i've seen some videos where Ubuntu has a lot off advantages over windows 10 and I've switched too Ubuntu now. But since I was so used too have an antivirus protection on windows 10. So I ask, before I Start putting personal files on Ubuntu is it safe to do so?

Does Ubuntu need an Antivirus?  If so, could you recommend a good one? I am interested on the Ubuntu side only.


a penny for your thoughts!  I always learnt that adverbs can only come before (i.e. premodify) adjectives and verbs, e.g.  adj: I am extremely happy  v: I really enjoy football  But I was thinking... in the sentence    The people at this party are mostly/mainly men,    the adverb is placed beside a noun: but that breaks my previously understood rule. Does that mean that the rule is wrong? Or is this grammatically incorrect, and I should say 'mostly male'?

"My friends are mostly non-smokers."  Is "mostly" a focusing adverb that modifies "non-smokers"?


Earlier, I was looking for  across the different SE sites. Seems like the features are not available at this time. I'd like to suggest a new way of managing user's profiles across the sites.  Many of the sites share the same themes. For example, , , , etc. are all programming/computers related. , , etc. are science related.  It makes sense to arrange the user's profiles, and specifically the "About Me" box, in groups as well. Thus, all programming sites share one profile with programming related description and all science sites will share a different profile.  I think that an improved feature for profile management would be an option to sync a profile field in a site with the same field on any other site. For a coarser granularity, syncing the whole profile is almost as good, and requires storing far less interconnect information.  Further improving it would be to make the fields/profiles linked together rather than just sync on demand. This way, changing a field in any one of the grouped sites will have immediate effect on all linked-to profiles on the other sites in the group.

Slightly related:  Related:   My  currently syncs with my "oldest profile", which is Physics.SE. Unfortunately, this means that the physics-specific blurb out there is shown to everyone. Also, whenever I create a new account, . I had filled in all my details and the one-line bio on Physics and used "copy to all SE accounts". Then I later filled in the Physics-specific bio. It seems that the site the profile was all-site copied from is kept in memory, and new sites just copy from the current version of that site. I'd like a more intuitive and easy way to manage these profiles. I know profiles aren't a big deal, but currently I have a bunch of Physics-y stuff all over the place. And it's annoying.  Also, one important part of a bio is the expertise level, and that's obviously different for each site. Could we have a better way to manage these profile bios? One idea I could toss out is this: Have a centralized place to manage these bios. Maybe, just have a single text box with something like this: SE.com bio here   <!-- Site:stackoverflow--> <!-- summary: SO summary here --> SO bio here  <!-- Site:physics--> <!-- summary: Phy summary here --> Phy bio here . . . . <!-- Site: alltherest --> <!-- summary: General summary for all the sites not listed above --> Bio for all the sites not listed above  Whenever you save this, the relevant bios are sliced out and copied to each site. I feel that this will be way better than the "copy to all sites".  Update: now that profile images can be uploaded independent of gravatar, we should be able to selectively sync these across sites as well.


I'd like to buy Xiaomi Stocks. When I search in my Brokers List, i find two different Stocks: ISIN:US98421U1088 Symb: 3CPA & ISIN:KYG9830T1067 Symb: 3CP I figured that this is with quite a lot of Coorps so. What does it explaination for that? Which one should i buy?

An example would be Cardno Ltd which has:   CDD.AX -  CDDN.AX -    I can see that the CDDN has no updated info... does that mean its not active? But will there ever be a time when a company has 2 or more active listings on the same exchange? If yes, what would be the difference?  Please note that I do not have a full/official background for trading/financial markets.


What does "for" meaning in this sentence? I mean the word "for" after the colon mark.     A second difference from Quine is also important: for the crux of the Legal Realist   position (at least for the majority of Realists) is that non-legal reasons (e.g., judgments of fairness, or consideration of commercial norms) explain the decisions.   Full text .

I am not a native speaker. On a previous question of mine, I thanked for an answer by saying:     So the phrase is not an idiom, since it is applied in its literal sense.   I consciously chose since over because, because — well, I like that usage of since, even though I know that some (native speakers) don't like it. Nonetheless, that choice got me thinking for a while, and it occurred to me that I even could have used more alternatives, namely as or for, without changing the meaning.   So, on a general note, here are the alternatives:        Statement A (is true), because statement B (is true).   Statement A (is true), since statement B (is true).   Statement A (is true), as statement B (is true).   Statement A (is true), for statement B (is true).      Are these completely interchangeable? Or interchangeable in certain situations? Or can you point out any (not-so-)subtle differences between any of them? Are there even more synonyms?


I am asking this question for my eight-year-old son: How do we know it was       Kylo Ren and not Rey that turned the light saber on Snoke?  Clearly Snoke and the cameras are focussed on Kylo Ren, but is it possible that this is why Snoke couldn't (or wouldn't) sense Rey?

Spoilers for The Last Jedi:      Just before Snoke is slain,   he narrates Kylo Ren's thoughts/feelings (saying things like "he turns the lightsaber towards his enemy" and so on) we see the Skywalker lightsaber being manipulated through the Force to point towards and then slay Snoke. My question is, do we know for sure who was using to Force to use the Skywalker lightsaber in this scene?   It could have been   A) Kylo Ren was turning igniting the Skywalker lightsaber with the Force. Snoke assumed the thoughts/feelings he was sensing were directed at Rey but they weren't.   Or... B) Snoke was so preoccupied with Kylo's thoughts that he wasn't paying any attention to Rey's thoughts. Rey takes advantage of this and uses the Force to turn and ignite the Skywalker lightsaber to slay Snoke. This option is reinforced by the fact that  1) the Skywalker lightsaber then zooms into Rey's hand, not Kylo's.  2) after the ensuing scuffle, Kylo Ren reveals that he hasn't switched sides; he is still a believer in the First Order.  3) Kylo Ren even tells Hux that Rey slew Snoke.


I want to choose $r$ items from $n$ items while the order of selection is not important. Using combination definition, there are $\binom{n}{r}$ different ways I can do that. What if $r>n$? I expect the answer should be $0$ but all programming functions I have been testing returns error. I was wondering from a mathematical point of view, $0$ is a correct answer?

I am working on parameter estimation and one of the estimators involves a summation of $_nC_k$ ($n$ choose $k$) expressions. For some iterations, I need to compute expressions like $_0C_1$, $_0C_2$, etc.  In general how do we compute $_nC_k$ when $n$ is less than $k$? Do we still use the formula $\frac{n!}{(n-k)!k!}$ and use the gamma function to compute the negative factorial?  Thanks!


I am trying to run a quantum circuit many times, each time using a different random state - a single qubit i.e. $|\psi\rangle= a|0\rangle + b|1\rangle$ with different $a$ and $b$. Once each qubit has gone through the circuit, I am saving the state vector of the final state, and converting this to spherical coordinates by calculating $\theta$ and $\phi$. I append each $\theta$ and $\phi$ value to a list and then plot them on a histogram (omitted below). Whilst this works, for large num_states it is very slow, so I am wondering if there is a way to use the 'shots' feature when executing the circuit, since you can write: job = execute(qc, backend, shots=1000)  I tried playing around with this but found after the initial random state was generated, it repeated the circuit with the same state for the number of shots, rather than doing a different state each time. I'd like to use the shots feature as I believe this will be much quicker since OpenMP is built into Qiskit. Any ideas on how I might be able to implement a different state each time using shots would be much appreciated:) import numpy as np from qiskit import(     QuantumCircuit,     execute,     Aer)  from math import pi  from qiskit.quantum_info import random_statevector   #----------------------------------------------------------------------# backend = Aer.get_backend('statevector_simulator')   def simulate_states(num_states):     qc = QuantumCircuit(1)      theta_vals = []     phi_vals = []          for i in range(num_states):                  random_state = random_statevector(2).data                  qc.initialize(random_state, 0)         qc.z(0)         job = execute(qc, backend)         result = job.result()         out_state = result.get_statevector()              theta, phi, alpha_r, alpha_i, beta_r, beta_i = state_coords(out_state)         theta += pi/2                  theta_vals.append(theta)         phi_vals.append(phi)              return theta_vals, phi_vals  def state_coords(statevector):     """     determines the spherical coordinates of a state on the Bloch sphere i.e. calculates \theta and \phi.     """     alpha = statevector[0]     alpha_r = alpha.real     alpha_i = alpha.imag      beta = statevector[1]     beta_r = beta.real     beta_i = beta.imag      theta = np.arcsin(2*((alpha_r*beta_r) - (alpha_i*beta_i)))     phi = 2*np.arccos(2*((alpha_r**2)+(beta_r**2))-1)             return theta, phi, alpha_r, alpha_i, beta_r, beta_i ```

Is it possible to tell Qiskit to execute a parameterized gate where the parameter varies between shots?   Let's say, for whatever reason, I'd like to speed up the dephasing of a qubit during a run. I can accomplish this by explicating implementing the dephasing Kraus operators by using an $R_x(\phi)$ gate, a controlled $Z$ gate and an ancilla qubit. However, this adds a decent amount of complexity, and thus error, to my circuit.  A more clever way to do it is to add an $R_z(\theta)$ gate into the circuit, where $\theta$ is drawn from a normal distribution and thus varies shot to shot. This would mean the circuit would need to be reassembled from the parameterized transpilation each shot, which makes me think it's probably not possible. But I wanted to ask just in case.  I can always do a series of single shot experiments, but I believe the backend (not to mention other users) might have an issue with me submitting thousands of single shot jobs.  So is there any way to implement a circuit which has a parameter which varies from shot to shot?


I'm trying to show that the following definitions are equivalent Two norms over a field $F$ are equivalent if:  there exists two constants $A,B$ such that $A|x|_1<|x|_2<B|x|_1$ for every $x \in F$ there exists $c$ in $\mathbb{R}$ such that $|x|_1^c = |x|_2$

I am trying to understand the following statement from an analysis book:     Two norms are equivalent ($||\cdot ||_2 \sim||\cdot||_1 $) if they   induce equivalent metrics.   At first I thought this was straight forward but then the book has the following proposition that leads me to believe that I have a misunderstanding:     Let $||\cdot||_1$ and $||\cdot||_2$ be two norms on a field F. Then   $||\cdot ||_2 \sim||\cdot||_1$ iff there exists a positive real number   $\alpha$ such that $||x||_2=||x||_1^\alpha , \ \forall x\in F$.   How can it be that $||x||_2=||x||_1^\alpha$ if x is any other value other that 1 if $\alpha\ne$1? Maybe this is related to my misunderstanding... can norms and metrics be thought of as the same thing? Thanks!


my data set has got 821.000 rows and 18 columns. It is about online clickstream behavior. My variables are number of shopping baskets, number of items in the shopping basket, number of product pages viewed, number of category pages viewed, existing customer, new customer, buy/cancel shopping basket...  Analysis of the descriptive statistics has shown that many of the variables are right-skewed and have different variance. Therefore I have done a z-standardization. Since the range of all variables varies a lot, I wonder if this is a problem of calculating the distances of K-Means? Should the variables be normalized (min-max normalization) after z-standardization?   summary (Baur_WKA_scale)      BASKETS_NZ           PIS              PIS_AP             PIS_DV                    PIS_PL           PIS_SDV         Min.   :-8.7663   Min.   :-0.7741   Min.   :-0.48168   Min.   :-0.45676   Min.   :-0.3508   Min.   :-0.3565    1st Qu.: 0.1139   1st Qu.:-0.5921   1st Qu.:-0.48168   1st Qu.:-0.45676   1st Qu.:-0.3508   1st Qu.:-0.3565    Median : 0.1139   Median :-0.3736   Median :-0.48168   Median :-0.45676   Median :-0.3508   Median :-0.3565    Mean   : 0.0000   Mean   : 0.0000   Mean   : 0.00000   Mean   : 0.00000   Mean   : 0.0000   Mean   : 0.0000    3rd Qu.: 0.1139   3rd Qu.: 0.2089   3rd Qu.:-0.02117   3rd Qu.: 0.07832   3rd Qu.:-0.1749   3rd Qu.:-0.1012    Max.   : 8.9942   Max.   :17.8668   Max.   :32.21453   Max.   :26.29717   Max.   :24.1894   Max.   :35.9036      PIS_SHOPS            PIS_SR           QUANTITY         Min.   :-0.43738   Min.   :-0.3764   Min.   :-0.54754    1st Qu.:-0.43738   1st Qu.:-0.3764   1st Qu.:-0.54754    Median :-0.38040   Median :-0.3764   Median :-0.26601    Mean   : 0.00000   Mean   : 0.0000   Mean   : 0.00000    3rd Qu.:-0.03852   3rd Qu.:-0.1092   3rd Qu.: 0.01552    Max.   :22.63957   Max.   :29.2868   Max.   :39.42954

What are the best (recommended) pre-processing steps before performing k-means?


Let L : $\mathbb{R}^2$ →  $\mathbb{R}^2$ be a linear map. Prove that L is continuous on $\mathbb{R}^2$ if and only if L is continuous at (0,0).

Let $f$ be a linear functional on a normed space $(X, \|\cdot\|)$. Prove that $f$ is continuous at $x_0=0$ if and only if $f$ is continuous at every $x\in X$.  I understand that the $\Leftarrow$ is trivial but what about the other way?


This is an unexpected result I get $ dpkg -l | grep linux-modules-nvidia-440-5.4.0-* rc  linux-modules-nvidia-440-5.4.0-26-generic                   5.4.0-26.30+2                               amd64        Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.4.0-26 rc  linux-modules-nvidia-440-5.4.0-28-generic                   5.4.0-28.32                                 amd64        Linux kernel nvidia modules for version 5.4.0-28 ... $ dpkg -l | grep linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-* rc  linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-26-generic                        5.4.0-26.30                                 amd64        Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc  linux-modules-extra-5.4.0-28-generic                        5.4.0-28.32                                 amd64        Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ... $ dpkg -l | grep linux-modules-5.4.0-* rc  linux-modules-5.4.0-26-generic                              5.4.0-26.30                                 amd64        Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP rc  linux-modules-5.4.0-28-generic                              5.4.0-28.32                                 amd64        Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.4.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP ... $ dpkg -l | grep linux-image-5.4.0-* rc  linux-image-5.4.0-26-generic                                5.4.0-26.30                                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic rc  linux-image-5.4.0-28-generic                                5.4.0-28.32                                 amd64        Signed kernel image generic ... $ dpkg -l | grep linux-*-5.4.0-* $ dpkg -l | grep linux-*-5.4* $ dpkg -l | grep linux-*-5\.4* $ dpkg -l | grep linux-*-5\\.4* $ dpkg -l | grep "linux-*-5\.4*" $ dpkg -l | grep "linux-*-5\\.4*" $ dpkg -l | grep 'linux-*-5\\.4*'  As soon as I add * prior to ., grep stops matching. I would like to match any of the 4 cases (modules, etc.) What is the correct regex so I can still match the results? Among these, I would like to further filter *5.4.0-[2,3]*. But this is what I see as part of the output to $ dpkg -l | grep 5.4.0-[2,3]*  Why would lines with *5.4.0-4* match? The colorized part is what matches, which is 5.4.0- in this case, and I do not see how that matches the regex 5.4.0-[2,3]*. (I managed to remove those matches with $ dpkg -l | grep 5.4.0-[2,3][[:digit:]]*, but still I would like to understand why the unexpected matches here). Or, How can I combine matching wildcards, text, and multiple strings? e.g., something like linux- plus any of modules, image, modules-extra, modules-nvidia-440, plus -5.4.0-, plus [2,3], plus digit, plus *. Note that this is not an XY problem. The motivation is that I want to use regex to quickly filter a set of package names to remove them all at once. But in this specific question I am asking why the usage of grep I tried did not work and what is the correct way of using it.

I know that Regular expressions are to be used only with characters and strings, but sometimes I find them in the names of files. My question is: are regexes only used with characters or also with filenames?


I came across the form $\sum_{r=1}^{n}r(r!)=\sum_{r=1}^{n}[(r+1)!-r!]=(n+1)!-1$ while solving a question in determinants. How do we get to the formula stated above?

$$\sum_{k=1}^nk(k!)$$  I know the answer is (n+1)!-1..I can solve this question using principle of mathematical induction...but I would like to know if there is any other alternative approach


If I have the list my_list = [['a', 'b'], ['c', 'd', 'e'], how can I create a list of all possible tuples where each tuple contains a single element from each sublist? For example:  ('a', 'e') is valid ('a', 'b') is invalid ('b', 'c') is valid ('c', 'd') is invalid  Importantly, my_list can contain any number of elements (sublists) and each sublist can be of any length. I tried to get a recursive generator off the ground, but it's not quite there.   I’d like to try and use recursion rather than itertools.  The logic was to iterate through 2 sublists at a time, and store those results as input to the next sublist's expansion.  def foil(lis=l):     if len(lis) == 2:         for x in l[0]:             for y in l[1]:                 yield x + y     else:         for p in foil(l[:-1]):             yield p   for i in foil():     print(i)   However, this obviously only works for the len(my_list) == 2. It also needs to work with, say, my_list = [['a'], ['b'], ['c', 'd']] which would return:    ('a', 'b', 'c') ('a', 'b', 'd')  Cheers!

How can I get the Cartesian product (every possible combination of values) from a group of lists?  Input:   somelists = [    [1, 2, 3],    ['a', 'b'],    [4, 5] ]   Desired output:  [(1, 'a', 4), (1, 'a', 5), (1, 'b', 4), (1, 'b', 5), (2, 'a', 4), (2, 'a', 5) ...]


(hope it doesn't seem so weird), I'm looking for a general expanded form of $(x+y+z)^k, k\in\mathbb{N}$.  $k=1: x+y+z$  $k=2: x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz$  $k=3: x^3+y^3+z^3+3xy^2+3xz^2+3yz^2+3x^2y+3x^2z+3y^2z+6xyz$  $k=4: x^4+y^4+z^4+4xy^3+4x^3y+4xz^3+4x^3z+4yz^3 +4y^3z+6x^2y^2+6y^2z^2+6x^2z^2+12x^2yz+12xy^2z+12xyz^2$  The elements are obviously determined by combinations of their powers, whose sum is always $k$.  I just cannot find the algorithm for element's constants

I wonder as if there exist a equivalent forumla to newton binomial $$(x+y)^n=\sum_{k=0}^{n} {n\choose k} x^{n-k}y^k$$ for three coefficients $(a+b+c)^n$ ?


Which is more correct?  I’ve created a web page that you can just drag and drop the videos in to:  http://...  OR  I’ve created a web page that you can just drag and drop the videos into:  http://...

"Into" (one word) and "in to" (two words) are frequently confused.  In what situations should the former be used?  The latter?


With recent DDoS incidents related to wikileaks, I can't help but feel that pretty much all sites online are very vulnerable to such attacks. Visa, MasterCard (to name a few) have shut down because of this.  So my questions are:    Is DDoS such a powerful form of attack? What can a company do to deal with this situation?    EDIT:  I think I might have phrased my question too "n00bishly". I know what a DDoS is (from wikipedia and other sites).   My real question is: Why are those Big companies NOT applying anti-DDOS techniques? Don't tell me that Paypal and MasterCard are not afraid of service down or attacks. I have looked over the cost of some of these solutions, but they don't seem that expensive at all compared to how much Paypal or VISA makes a year. The real question is why are they so unprepared? ( Or is the scale of the DDoS that much bigger than what has been expected?)

This is a  about DoS and DDoS mitigation.   I found a massive traffic spike on a website that I host today; I am getting thousands of connections a second and I see I'm using all 100Mbps of my available bandwidth.  Nobody can access my site because all the requests time out, and I can't even log into the server because SSH times out too!  This has happened a couple times before, and each time it's lasted a couple hours and gone away on its own.  Occasionally, my website has another distinct but related problem: my server's load average (which is usually around .25) rockets up to 20 or more and nobody can access my site just the same as the other case.  It also goes away after a few hours.  Restarting my server doesn't help; what can I do to make my site accessible again, and what is happening?  Relatedly, I found once that for a day or two, every time I started my service, it got a connection from a particular IP address and then crashed.  As soon as I started it up again, this happened again and it crashed again.  How is that similar, and what can I do about it?


My iPhone screen broke but I know my passcode.  Is there anyway I can enter my passcode from my Mac? If yes, what app/software?   I already deleted my backup (iCloud) due to space, so I need to back it up before I wipe it. Can someone guide me through the process or a share a viable link? Apple Support Communities is too ambiguous for me. This image seems relevant:     My screen is not functioning.  I've tried iExplorer/iBrowser, all to no avail. I need an app/software to control my iPhone from my Mac.

My iPhone screen broke, I can't see anything anymore. But I know it's still working because plugging to my mac syncs it with iTunes.  Is there a tool I can use to see my screen on the mac, control it, etc?  The tricky part is any solution requiring me to first do something on the iPhone won't work, since I can't do anything...


I'm trying to get stereo mix with Windows 7 Professional on an HP G-series notebook. I right-click the volume icon -> Recording devices -> Check show disabled devices, but nothing new comes up. My sound-card is a Conexant high definition smart audio 221. I've tried many drivers but none seem to do the trick. Is there a way to get it on here? If not, are there any sound-cards that are known to have stereo mix support?

How can I download or turn on my stereo mix feature in Windows 7? In music chat rooms I can't play music. When I had Windows XP, I had the stereo mix option in Audio settings. I can't seem to find it here.


I am trying to summon an explosive fireball using a command block with the current code as:       /summon fireball ~ ~2 ~ {ExplosionPower:5,Direction:[0,0,0,0,0,0]}   However it always says syntax error for all of it, I have tried different versions of the code but it will keep saying syntax error

I have seen posts of people that are trying to put command blocks in their world with preset commands in the blocks, and they claim to have them work, but I am having trouble doing the same thing in the Pocket Edition of Minecraft. Usually it says that the “{“ character is unknown, creating a syntax error.


I am the beginner to "Wave Analytic's" in sales force. I need to learn what is "Wave Analytic's" in salesforce, where we will use "Wave Analytic's" and why we use "Wave Analytic's" in salesforce. Is it possible to use wave analytics in my edition. How to get Analytic s licenses for my developer edition.. can any one tell me solutions for these questions..

I am newbie to "Wave Analytics" in Salesforce. I want to learn about Wave Analytics Components available in Salesforce version and its uses. There is no proper documentation around it. Where can i see the Wave Analytics in Salesforce org.  Can any one explain me about "What is Wave Analytics in salesforce and what is the use of it?". How can i enable 'Wave Analytics' in already created developer org.   Thanks,


Is there a more general property or class of properties or concept that encompasses the concept of position and space?  It does not seem clear to me that position is the most general property (if it is a property) applicable to an object, so I have been searching for a more general property, or class of properties, which will include the property of position, but I have been unable to find anything.

They say naming things is one of the hardest problems in computer programming. They were right.  Given the pseudocode below, what is a more appropriate name for this collection of properties? "Course", "Route", "Heading", "Orientation" all don't capture it.  class NewtonianStuff { // <-- Needs a better name   vec3 position, velocity, acceleration; // <-- What is this group called   quat rotation; };  class SpaceShip {     NewtonianStuff xxxxxx; // <-- What do you call that };   Perhaps that collection is too abstract. What is the formal name for this collection of properties?  vec3 position, velocity, acceleration;   The best I can come up with is "PositionAndDerivatives", which doesn't really flow.


How to reset Security Token of API Only User ? I created a new user in salesforce exclusively for integration purpose. Got the welcome email,Verified Account and changed password. Prior to this, I created a Profile 'API Only' and assigned this User to the Profile. 'API Only User'  and 'API Enabled' is checked. I need the security token for this user. However when I go to the User record, and Login as this user, under personal settings, I do not see the option to 'Reset Security Token'

API only users cannot login and choose 'Reset my security token'. Right now, in my company, we select a System Administrator profile for users, log in for the first time, choose 'Reset my security token', then change the profile to a custom profile which has API only enabled.  The other way of doing it is, modifying the profile to not have API only user checked initially and then turn it on once the security token is received.  Is there a recommend way to do this? Is there an option to force the security token to be sent  when the user is created with a profile which has API user enabled?


Can anyone help in understanding and guiding two things on this two 401 error how this will differentiate the unauthorized user error log. And how to relate these 401 and its respective 200 response. Please provide some help in addressing this issue in Application insights logs Kindly provide a help Similar issue

I've built a Javascript web application which is served from Sharepoint (ie. there is no Sharepoint code at all operating on the web app, it's just some HTML/JS being served from a Sharepoint 2010 Document Library)  I'm displaying HTML5 video and sourcing a file from within the same Document Library, this works absolutely fine on Google Chrome, but if I try with Firefox (or with IE9) then every file I source gets denied twice with an HTTP 401 error before it gets returned with HTTP 200.  The upshot of this is that if I have a very simple HTML file (see below) and run it locally then the video plays fine in all browsers, if I upload the HTML and the video to my company's sharepoint server (into a document library) then it won't load in IE or Firefox - but works fine in Chrome!  <html> <body>     <video>         <source src="localvideo.webm" type="video/webm">     </video> </body> </html>   If I change the source element to reference a video file on a different server then it, again, works fine so this must be a problem with the way Sharepoint is serving files. Does anyone have any advice on how to work around this problem? Either in Sharepoint or in JS? There is no chance of me being able to edit anything above a site owner's privileges.


I want to do something like this using chemfig. I watched the chemfig guide but I can't find a solution.   Can you help me?   (Sorry, my english is not very good)

I want to draw a Lewis structure as in the picture. I tried to do with chemfig but does not perform the separation of the points and a minus in the superscript.


If we use a double in c# or a float in python, simple calculations using variables of 1 decimal place seem to not be correct.  In both python and c#, if I perform the calculation 5.2 - 5.1, I get the answer 0.10000000000000053, when it should obviously be 0.1.  Can someone please explain to me why this is?  Also, in c#, we can use the decimal type to avoid this issue. Is there a similar type in python I can use?

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


I see there are multiple same question like this but here I just want to confirm can I create an iso file from currently installed Ubuntu 16.04.1 with all the package I've installed? Also is it possible to also include the library installed in python virtualenvironment?  I have this tesseract-ocr library installed and other library that were not included when I first setting up Ubuntu 16.04.1, so is it possible to clone my current Ubuntu system and create an iso file from it? What are the current stable software that can do that specifically for Ubuntu 16.04.1   Thank you for the help

I installed Ubuntu 14.04.1 on one of my laptops and now I want distribute that exact installation to a few of my friends. I tried making an iso with Gparted on a live session but it makes a 500 GB file (I've only used around 8 GB) .   Thanks in Advance !


Sometimes I activate the Protectron in Corvega Assembly plant, go to the side of the room and sneak as I watch it attack raiders. Then, all of a sudden, it would turn and start attacking me. Sure, sometimes I had tried to help it by firing a few shots, and maybe it saw that as being bad, but other times during the entire duration of it being active I don't use any weapons and just try to hide off to the side.   The strange part is it doesn't always happen, either. There are good odds it will not attack me unless I attack it first, but sometimes it seems to just decide it doesn't like me and attacks. Why is does it sometimes attack me?

When activating a protectron in Fallout 4 you get the chance to choose its Personality Mode. The available modes are:     Default Subway Steward Law Enforcement Fire Brigadier Medical Responder Construction Worker   Do these modes serve any purpose ? Is there any actual difference in the protectron behavior ?


Today I installed Ubuntu on a partition on my Hard drive, which already had Windows 10 installed. When I boot up my laptop Windows Boot Manager automatically boots into Windows. I have heard that I need to enable GRUB but I'm not even sure how I can get back into Ubuntu. I tried enabling UEFI in boot options but I can only see Windows Boot Manager and not an option to boot into the Ubuntu partition. Any help would be great.

I would like to see a full how-to guide on how to install Ubuntu.


The problem asks: Let $\kappa(s)$ and $\tau(s)$ be the curvature and torsion of a curve parameterized by its arclength $s$. If $$(\frac{1}{\kappa})^2 + [\frac{1}{\tau}\frac{d}{ds}(\frac{1}{\kappa})]^2 = constant$$ , then either this curve lies on a sphere or the its curvature $\kappa$ is constant. (Thinking in $\mathbb{R}^3$, assuming all "good conditions", like smooth curve, $\kappa \neq0$ etc.) Since the equation looks like a inner product. I tried to construct a curve with $\frac{1}{\kappa}$ and $\frac{1}{\tau}\frac{d}{ds}(\frac{1}{\kappa})$ as its components. But it turns out that the resulting curve's curvature is not the given $\kappa$. I also tried differentiating the equations w.r.t $s$, but did not find any clues. Any ideas? Update: although this question was marked duplicate, that post did not solve the problem completely. Here I posted my solution. Updated 2: the following text is also posted to that post (). But be noticed that the two posts' problem differs subtlety, and my problem requires an extra step to prove. Thanks to @Ted Shifrin and another post at , I solved this problem. The key is to construct a vector $\alpha$ as in the link above: We assume that $R$ is in a sphere. Then think of the vector $\alpha$ as exactly the vector that points from the centre of sphere to the curve $R$. So $\alpha$ is different from the original curve $R$ by just by a translation, hence they have the same tangent, curvature and torsion. We can always express $\alpha$ as a linear combination (as suggested by Shifrin) of: $$\alpha(s) = \lambda(s)T(s) + \mu(s)N(s)+\nu(s)B(s)$$ for some functions $\lambda$, $\mu$, $\nu$ (Note that $\alpha$ itself not necessarily arc length parametrised.) Then since we assume that the $R$ is on the sphere, and that $\alpha$ is from the centre to the sphere, we require that $\alpha$ is tangent to its tangent vector (notice that if $\alpha$ does not point from the centre to the sphere, it will not be tangent to its tangent vector $T$), that is, $$<\alpha, T>=0$$ By differentiating above, we will find the expression for $\alpha$ as shown in the post mentioned: $$\alpha=-\frac{1}{\kappa}N-\left(\frac{1}{\kappa}\right)'\frac{1}{\tau}B,$$ We see clearly $\alpha$ is of constant length. If we can prove $r(s)= R(s) - \alpha(s)$ is a fixed point, then our proof is done. To prove $r(s)$ is a fixed point, we prove that $\frac{d}{ds}r(s) =0$. This could be done by differentiating the original equation w.r.t $s$ (do a straight forward calculation and then  compare the results of the two)

Show that if $\alpha$ is an arc length parameterization of a curve $C$   which lies on a sphere of radius $R$ about the origin then $$R^2 =  (\frac{1}{\kappa(s)})^2+((\frac{1}{\kappa(s)})'\frac{1}{\tau(s)})^2.$$   I know I can write the unit tangent $T$, normal $N$, and the binormal $B$ as a linear combination $\alpha(s) = a(s)T(s)+b(s)N(s)+c(s)B(s)$ and try to determine what $a, b, c $ are, but how can I continue solving this?


Can someone explain why I got error messages related to puppet when I type foo at the bash prompt as shown below: [root@centos8 ~]# foo bash: foo: command not found... Failed to search for file: Failed to download gpg key for repo 'puppet5': Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-puppet5-release;file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-2025-04-06-puppet5-release [Couldn't open file /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-puppet5-release;file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-2025-04-06-puppet5-release] [root@centos8 ~]#  Why do I get the second line in the error message? I tried it with "bar" as a command; I got the same irrelevant error message.

I installed MariaDB on a computer with CentOS using the instructions given here:  The basic command I used was: sudo yum install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client    and I did not install Maxscale or percona. MariaDB installation has compleetd successfully, but now if I enter a yet uninstalled command in the bash shell, I am getting this error: Failed to search for file: Failed to download gpg key for repo 'mariadb-main': Curl error (37): Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY [Couldn't open file /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY]  For example, if I enter the command ftp, previously I would have got a message indicating that ftp was not installed, and I would have got some recommendations on which command I meant and would like to download. However, now I get this: [username@localhost ~]$ ftp bash: ftp: command not found... Failed to search for file: Failed to download gpg key for repo 'mariadb-main': Curl error (37):     Couldn't read a file:// file for file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY [Couldn't open file   /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY] [username@localhost ~]$  After some searching around I have found that it is because the file etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo has an entry: gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY      and the MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY file does not exist in etc/pki/rpm-gpg I suppose this should have been created automatically when I installed mariadb? How do I make this bash error go away? Is there any way I can download or create this file manually? --- EDIT --- This was resolved as follows: Downloaded RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB as explained in Philip's answer () Copied it to /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/ In /etc/yum.repos.d/mariadb.repo changed the line gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/MariaDB-Server-GPG-KEY to gpgkey = file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB Set the gpgcheck for other entries in the  mariadb.repo file to 0 (I don't have maxscale and mariadb enterprise installed)


I'm from Argentina wanting to joining my girlfriend who will be studying for one year in Edinburgh. As an Argentine I don't need any particular permit to go to UK as a tourist. The permit of stay is for a maximum of 6 months.    But what if after the 6 months I go to e.g. Spain for one month and then return to the UK - does the tourist 6 month permit start running again?   Is there a minimum period of time for which you have to be out of the UK so as the tourist permit starts running again?  I'm only considering the option of leaving to somewhere in Europe.

I am a United States citizen with a 6-month Tourist visa to the UK (a stamp in my passport). Additionally, in 2013 I spent about two months in the UK on tourist visas, split between two separate occasions (one month in April-May, and one in August-September). My passport was stamped in December of 2013, and I have two other stamps from those previous visits (so three total, now)  My original intended departure date from the UK was March 1, but that is no longer the case, as I plan to stay out the duration of my visa.  My question is, can I leave the UK (to travel in Europe for a week, for example) and come back in with this visa? Will they re-stamp me, or see that my existing stamp is still valid? Will it be a problem that I've been coming-and-going in the UK relatively frequently? Are there any other concerns I should be aware of?


I want to transform/"translate" all files in a folder from lower to uppercase. I could use a for loop to do that:  for i in ./* ; do mv $i $(echo $i | tr "a-z" "A-Z") ; done for i in `find . -maxdepth 1 -mindepth 1` ; do mv $i $(echo $i | tr "a-z" "A-Z") ; done   But I'm wondering why tr does not work within find:  find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -exec mv {} $(echo {} | tr "a-z" "A-Z") \;   It just prints the file names once again, with changing them to upper case. Why does the find version not work?  My goal is to use find instead of a for loop.

It looks like 'find', 'bash' and 'sed' in some cases does not work as one expects.  The following example should first create file 'sample.txt', then find the file and finally process it by '-exec' command. The executed command prints found filename, test specimens, and modified filename. The 'sed' command itself is used to replace 'txt' to 'TXT'.  touch sample.txt find ./ -maxdepth 1 -name "*.txt" -exec echo {} $(echo Specimen_before.txt {} Specimen_after.txt |sed -e "s/txt/TXT/g") \;   The expected output is:     ./sample.txt Specimen_before.TXT ./sample.TXT Specimen_after.TXT   Instead it produces:     ./sample.txt Specimen_before.TXT ./sample.txt Specimen_after.TXT   (the example has been tested also with old-school command substitution through backquotes '`' with the same result)  What am I doing wrong?


Does somebody know how to evaluate $$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}\frac{e^{i\langle\xi,x\rangle}}{\|\xi\|_2^2}d\xi$$ for some given $x\in\mathbb{R}^n$ and $n\in\{1,2,3\}$?

I'd like to find the $n$-dimensional inverse Fourier transform of $\frac{1}{\| \mathbf{\omega} \|^{2\alpha}}$ i.e. $$ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \frac{1}{ \| \mathbf{\omega} \|^{2\alpha}} e^{2 \pi i \mathbf{\omega}\cdot \mathbf{x} } d \mathbf{\omega} $$ where $\mathbf{x} = ( x_0 , x_1 , \cdots , x_n )$ is a spatial parameter in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $\mathbf{\omega} = ( \omega_0 , \omega_1 , \cdots , \omega_n )$, and $$ \| \omega\| = \omega_0^2 + \omega_1^2 + \cdots + \omega_n^2 $$ All I've been able to come up with in the one-dimensional case is that the integral $$ \int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \frac{1}{ \| \omega \|^{2\alpha}} e^{2 \pi i \omega x } d \mathbf{\omega} $$ diverges because the lower power terms $\omega^p$ terms, for which $p < 2\alpha$, in expansion of the exponential $$ e^{2 \pi i \omega x } = \sum_{p = 0}^{\infty} \frac{(2 \pi i \omega x)^p}{p!} $$ do not prevent $\frac{1}{\| \omega \|^{2\alpha}}$ from blowing up at the origin.   I know that one possible way of regularizing this integral is to include a test function and consider the limit of the resulting integral, but I don't quite know how to do so. I've tried reading Gelfand and Shilov's Gneralized Functions vol 1 and while I understand bits of it on the whole its a bit heavy for me.    Based on the papers that I've read I know that there are two cases (the latter of which appears to me more general) and two solutions in each.   Case 1: 2$\alpha$ is an odd/even integer Case 2: 2$\alpha$ is integer or otherwise   I'd appreciate help, if possible, coming up with both solutions.


I have an ExpandableListView in my Fragment that shows some data. I call the Fragment when i press an icon.   public void searchClick(){         Fragment frag = new Results();          FragmentTransaction ft  = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction();          ft.replace(R.id.FragFaecher,frag).commit();            displayList();       }   displayList() then should populate the List and show it  public void displayList(){         populateList();          expList = (ExpandableListView) findViewById(R.id.expList);         listAdapter = new ExpListAdapter(MainActivity.this,parentList);         expList.setAdapter(listAdapter);      }   In FragmentClass the Layout with the ExpandableListView is inflated within the fragment_results Layout  public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,                              Bundle savedInstanceState) {        View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_results, container, false);           return rootView;     }    fragment layout:    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"         android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"         android:id="@+id/results"         android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"         android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"         android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"         android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"         android:background="?android:colorBackground"         android:clickable="true">          <ExpandableListView             android:layout_width="wrap_content"             android:layout_height="match_parent"             android:background="?android:colorBackground"             android:childDivider="#000000"             android:id="@+id/expList" />       </RelativeLayout>   I suppose the problem is, that the displayList() method tries to find a View that is not yet created. I tried to return a boolean when the View was created, but that did not work. Is there any other possible way to prevent this from happening?

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


How to find the limit of this sequence. I tried using the squeeze theorem but no result yet. $ \lim_{n\to \infty}\sqrt[n]{\frac{2^n + 3^n + 4^n}{5^n + 6^n}}$

I came across this strange limit whilst showing convergence of a series: $$\lim_{n \to \infty}\sqrt[n]{\frac{2^n+3^n}{3^n+4^n}}$$ How can I calculate this limit?


I can't see any objects in blender in solid mode it only shows the origin and a orange outline when I select the object. Rendering it in Eevee the object just gets rendered as alpha 0, in cycles you can see it. In the interface I can only see the object in vertex paint or in sculpt mode. In edit mode it's like I have wireframe on. This happens in all of my blend files, even in the default one so it can't really be any wrong options.

I don't know why but now, when i go in material preview or rendered (in solid mode it works fine), my object is entirely gray, or invisible idk, because it has the same color of the background. I've been working for days on this project without having this issue, it suddenly showed up. I tried opening other old projects and suddenly they all do the same so i guess it is some blender program setting that applies for all the projects, but idk how it happened cuz i didn't change anything :/, anyone got any tips?


When I press Super Key, I get to see the Activities screen and then I try to press escape to hide the Activities screen but nothing happens.  I had to either shut down or log out to remove the Activities screen.

Just finished the upgrade to 19.04 and have almost everything working.  If I use the Windows/Super key to open the activities menu the system becomes unusable. I can swap windows, but can't interact with them at all. If I press escape the search box stays on the desktop.


I am a Computer Science Graduate looking to apply for a job in graphic design. I have completed a few graphic design projects for clients I know who needed work done.   From what I understand, I need a portfolio. What do I need to include in a portfolio (designs only, descriptions, etc.) and where would I display these (on a separate website, LinkedIn or elsewhere)?  How do you showcase real life examples of graphic design work that has already been completed?

I want to build a personal portfolio so my questions related are as follows:   What should I include in the portfolio apart from Home, About, Work, Contact? I have never worked on any real life examples so what to display in the work/portfolio page? What kind of design samples do I need to include? Ex: Website, Logo, Banner etc   Any help is appreciated.  Thanks!


I'm new to Rails,I'm trying to print a query object as we do print_r in PHP I've seen rails console option, printing in view by <%= debug(@object) %> but didn't find any option how i can get the contents correctly of an object

In PHP you can do:  print_r($var) or vardump($var)   which prints "human-readible" information about variable.  Is there equivalent functions / helpers for those in Ruby / Rails ?


I have windows 10 installed currently on my C drive. I want to install ubuntu on it replacing windows 10. How can I do that properly? Aslo, If I formate and install on it, will it make any changes to my data in other drives?

I'm absolutely new to Linux. I would like to know how to install Ubuntu alongside the pre-installed Windows 8+ OS.  Should I do it with Wubi, or through the Live USB/DVD?  What steps do I need to take to correctly install Ubuntu?


First of all i want to say i am new to this website. I tried to look for answers before posting this question. Because i could not find it i will ask it here. Is it easy to put ubuntu touch on the meizu MX6? I ask this because there is an ubuntu version of the X6! Is this easy or it would be better to wait for the release of the MX6 ubuntu touch version?

With the announcement of the Ubuntu Phone OS I'd like to know what phone (and tablet) models are supported at this time.  Note from foss & Oli: We are making this the master question for all future "Will this work on <insert random tablet/phone/device here>?!" questions


What I need is to get first image of string... I have   notice.getFullContent()   which returns html string...p tags...strong tags...img tag...  What I need is to get the src of the first image. I'm doing this:  Document doc = Jsoup.parse(notice.getFullContent()); Element imageElement = doc.select("img").first(); imageURL = imageElement.absUrl("src");   But when i go to page, it doesn't work. I'm in jsp of liferay instance. Thanks in advance,  SOLVED  Document doc = Jsoup.parse(notice.getFullContent()); String imageURL = ""; String description = ""; Element imageElement = doc.select("img").first(); if(imageElement != null) {     imageURL = imageElement.attr("src"); } Element descriptionElement = doc.select("p").first(); if(descriptionElement != null) {     description = descriptionElement.text(); } if(description.isEmpty() || description == null) {     description = notice.getTitle(); }   The purpose was use these values to add meta og tags, like this:  <liferay-util:html-top>        <meta content="<%="WEBSITE/post?id="+id %>" property="og:url">        <meta content="article" property="og:type">        <meta content="<%=notice.getTitle() %>" property="og:title">        <meta content="<%=imageURL %>" property="og:image">        <meta content="<%=description %>" property="og:description"> </liferay-util:html-top>   thanks!


I'm looking for a way to get rid of ALL metadata associated with an image. What should I do?

Whenever I share my photographs, I also share lots of information that I do not want to pass on:   specific camera model that the photo was taken with exposure time focal ratio ...   How can I remove all those metadata for sharing?  I'm particularly looking for solutions for Max OS X.