I am quite new to working with JavaScript as well as geo location systems.  I am looking for an open source JavaScript library to show - on the web - something very like the running trackers show you -  () But with a slight twist. It is a citizen science project in early stages, and I wish to be able to show the ployline, colored (something like a heat-map, traffic congestion) based on a variable. The data is gathered and pushed into a csv/json file - I am open to the format of file. It contains information like time, latitude, longitude, variable1, variable2 and so on. The idea is that polyline is based on the latitude and longitude info and the color gradients are based on the variables.  I do not know yet how to integrate time into it too...but that is a question for another time.  I am quite frankly overwhelmed by the information and libraries and APIs I have found because I don't have a clue about the general terminologies (tiles, vector tiles, overlays, layers, tracking, routing, polyline) too when it comes to designing web applications like this.  I found the following libraries/apis -     ,          I am not really interested in using Google Maps APIs. I want an open source and a relatively simple library.  JavaScript is a must as its a web application and i wish to make an automated system that dynamically updates when information is added to the data file.  I quite frankly don't know what is the need of subscribing to various APIs and getting their keys. Since I am already getting the lat and log info, I thought I could just include js libraries that plot that easily given the lat and long.  If you could point me out to a few resources for beginners that would explain those terminologies and let me understand the nuances of designing geo position information systems, it'd be great since I'd like to solve things on my own but I don't know the ABC of GIS.

I want to start working on a web map at work to map some of our statistics by city.    I have an idea, but I'm not exactly sure where to start.   Are there any definitive resources that provide step by step guidance on how to do this?


I want to preface by saying I am a novice at regex, and I've spent a considerable amount of time trying to solve this myself using tutorials, online docs, etc.  I have also gone through the suggested answers here.  Now here is my problem:  I have 267 lines like this, and each county is different.  <SimpleData name="NAME">Angelina</SimpleData>   What I need to do is to replace NAME with COUNTY and keep the rest the same including the proper county name:  <SimpleData name="COUNTY">Angelina</SimpleData>   I used the following Find to find all the lines that I wanted to change, and was successful.  <SimpleData name="NAME">[\S\s\n]*?</SimpleData>   It's probably not the best way to do this, but it worked.  I hope I've explained this so it can be understood.  Thanks, Paul

How can I change an attribute of an element in an XML file, using C#?


I've seen a lot of sites hiding their nav on desktop and simply showing a hamburger-esque menu. Obviously this looks more "minimal" But I can't help to think this isn't the best approach from a UX perspective. Does anybody have any opinions, data, or studies to prove either way?

I'm working on a new version of a corporate website. As it stands, it has about 6 different sections. Each of those sections have between 3 to 6 sub-pages. My nav is at the top of the page and looks a bit like the wireframe below:         – Wireframes created with   I have made some simple dropdowns with js to handle the desktop side of things. For tablets and mobile devices I have gone with the standard right aligned hamburger menu button. The more I look at the site on a tablet, the more I like the lack of clutter at the top.  Apart from potentially confusing some users, what are the downsides of going with the hamburger menu for all devices?    and a number of other sites do this already.


Why does light travel with speed $3×10^8\,\text{m/s}$? and why not more?

Why does light have the speed it does? why is it not considerably faster or slower than it is?  I can't imagine science, being what it is, not pursuing a rational scientific explanation for the speed of light.  Just saying "it is what it is" or being satisfied saying it is 1 ($c=1$), does not sound like science.


We always prefer to be in 20-25° C, although our core temperature is about 37°? Why is our skin temperature lower than our core temperature?

It may be different for other people, but for me, anything above 32°C (90°F) is very uncomfortable, and my body is inclined to seek cooler temperatures.  But I would think that at 32°C, the body would have less work to do to get itself to 37°C.  So why is it not comfortable in those temperatures?  My theory is this, but I don't know if it's right:    The body's abilities for warming itself are much more sophisticated than its abilities for cooling itself (which are non-existent, possibly?). So it likes to be in an environment 20-30 degrees below optimal because it can easily handle that.  But up in the 32's and we're dangerously close to going over the optimal, and the body doesn't know how to get it back down after that, so we are inclined to seek safer temperatures.    Is it something like that?


I currently use Debian Jessie and I would like to upgrade to Stretch, but I fear I would lose all the programs I installed on Jessie.  Is there a way to backup my programs and files before upgrading to Stretch?

I'll change my system from 32 bits to 64 bits, and will be the same I had before, Debian Squeeze, but I do not want to lose the programs I installed before, because I do not remember the name of them all.   So I wanted a command to do this for me, save the name of all the programs I installed on a file, but not the standard programs that came with the system, and when I'm using the other system I would mention the name of the file and your directory for everything to be installed automatically.   One more question: is it possible to do this with programs that were installed manually with dpkg-i package.deb? If so, how can I do that?


So I just recently converted to QGIS from pen and paper, and it was all fine until I opened some layers and tried to use OpenLayers for a Google Satellite view. A yellow bar appeared at the top of the screen saying "Python error: An error has occurred while executing Python code: See message log (Python Error) for more details."  Here is the log:  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "C:/Users/brana/.qgis2/python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\weblayers\weblayer.py", line 100, in addLayer     self._addLayerCallback(self)   File "C:/Users/brana/.qgis2/python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 182, in addLayer     self.setMapCrs(coordRefSys)   File "C:/Users/brana/.qgis2/python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 231, in setMapCrs     extMap = coordTrans.transform(extMap, QgsCoordinateTransform.ForwardTransform) QgsCsException: forward transform of (110051.440661, 34780.826688) PROJ.4:  +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 +to  +proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0.0 +lon_0=0.0 +x_0=0.0 +y_0=0 +k=1.0 +units=m +nadgrids=@null +no_defs Error: latitude or longitude exceeded limits   As you can see, the error code says "latitude or longitude exceeded limits," but even when I zoom in to a reasonable scale (1:2500) I still get the error.  Any fixes?  I am completely new to QGIS and really only know the basic functionality.

I'm aware the 'traceback' OpenLayers plugin error has been dealt with before, so apologies for raising the issue once again. Unfortunately for me, the solutions posted were way over my head, e.g. using workarounds and code posted on github, etc. I find it all mind-boggling.  If anyone could post a step by step answer for an absolute beginner like me I would be eternally grateful! Thank you. I hope that one day I can contribute something.  The error message reads:   An error has occured while executing Python code:  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "C:/Users/MCMA1580/.qgis//python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 48, in addLayer     self.__plugin.addLayer(self)   File "C:/Users/MCMA1580/.qgis//python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 190, in addLayer     self.__setMapSrsGoogle()   File "C:/Users/MCMA1580/.qgis//python/plugins\openlayers_plugin\openlayers_plugin.py", line 249, in __setMapSrsGoogle     extMap = coodTrans.transform(extMap, QgsCoordinateTransform.ForwardTransform) QgsCsException: forward transform of (0.884883, 2.549197) PROJ.4: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +to +proj=merc +a=6378137 +b=6378137 +lat_ts=0.0 +lon_0=0.0 +x_0=0.0 +y_0=0 +k=1.0 +units=m +nadgrids=@null +wktext  +no_defs Error: latitude or longitude exceeded limits


I'm the DM of this game. During one of our games the party where fighting goblins and our Ranger said that he wanted to "Use his Action to Ready, and attack when the foe move". He meant move not in the mechanic way, but rather as soon as the goblin took any action whether that was moving or attacking. I said that he can't and that he should be more specific when declaring what triggers his reaction. This left me thinking.  The PHB isn't exactly clear but the examples it gives are for very specific triggers as in "if the cultist steps on the trapdoor..." or "if the goblin moves next to me...". Can our Ranger declare the Reaction the way he wanted and essentially take a delayed action? He is not getting any additional actions as the Ready is an action by itself and would be losing his reaction if he does take the trigger.   So how specific does a Ready trigger need to be?

Let's suppose I'm a wizard casting a ranged spell. An enemy is behind cover but I suspect he'll come out, so I ready an action to cast at him when he comes out; but I don't want to risk getting charged at by another enemy and losing concentration or taking disadvantage. Can I say:  "I ready a spell. When that guy over there leaves cover, or when any enemy gets within 5 feet of me, I will cast it on that enemy"?


An application is already running without command output, only GUi.  How can I grab the application's command output from a new terminal window?  Another application is already running as CLi, but I would like to monitor that specific application from a different window or even remotely without affecting the application itself?

It's sunday and I left an instance of R running in the office. The script finished running, and I would like to save my workspace without going to the office. I can ssh to the computer, but I have not run the program into screen.  Is there a way, over ssh, to disown the process (I don't have access to jobsid of the terminal the program is running on!) and reattach it with say, reptyr? Reptyr and reptyr -T don't work without previously disowning the process  28845 3diag       20   0  139.3m  10.4m   0.0  0.1   0:12.06 S  `- urxvtd                                                                                5327 3diag       20   0   16.4m   4.6m   0.0  0.1   0:00.02 S      `- bash                                                                                5335 3diag       20   0 3499.3m 3.244g   0.0 43.3 171:57.89 S          `- R    The unique part of my question is that I explicitly require to detach a program without having access to the terminal in which it was created.


What safe files can I remove in order to gain storage space. My emails are not being viewed unless I delete Misc. Files.

If you're not used to seeing the 'low on internal storage' notification, what is it that you're doing to keep your phone's internal memory from filling up so quickly?   The 'SD Card and Phone Storage' menu in the settings doesn't really tell me much other than how much is free. And, I don't really have that many applications installed. The top 5 storage hogging apps on my phone are Gmail (18.6 MB), Twitter (17.5 MB), Facebook (12.55 MB), Maps (9.63 MB), and Swype (6.06 MB).  So, are there apps out there (besides your normal file manager ones, like Astro) that will help monitor internal phone storage? Is there something I should be doing to keep my phone storage use to a minimum?


Some old questions are usually "edited" by Community profiles on the network sites, in order to get more attention if they meet certain criteria.  Is there a way to know that an old question has already been bumped by Community, or does the warning on the yellow board disappear after some time?

This question holds for the entire network of main and meta sites.  Looking through the  for the  user, I don't see any edit history for posts that have been randomly bumped (probably because no actual change is made to the post). Is there any way to see the history of the Community user's bumping activity?  (For example, through the  or .)  I'd like to look at this data to see how effective bumping has been in the past, and see if we can come up with suggestions for improving it.


$${\frac{d}{dr}}(\pi r^2)=2\pi r$$  Why is that? And additionaly: Why doesn't hold this for the volume and area of a circle?

When differentiated with respect to $r$, the derivative of $\pi r^2$ is $2 \pi r$, which is the circumference of a circle.  Similarly, when the formula for a sphere's volume $\frac{4}{3} \pi r^3$ is differentiated with respect to $r$, we get $4 \pi r^2$.  Is this just a coincidence, or is there some deep explanation for why we should expect this?


When I type node -v result: v.10.8.0, npm -v result: v 6.2.0. and finally nodejs -v result: v.6.14.2. I read in other forum saying that node and nodejs are same. If it's true, did I installed two different version of node? Is there really a difference between nodejs and node or both are same.

I ran the following commands to install the stable version of node  sudo npm cache clean -f sudo npm install -g n sudo npm install -g n   Now, when I run node -v, I see v10.0.0, whereas nodejs -v returns v4.2.6. As far as I'm aware, node and nodejs are the same thing. Why am I seeing this? Thanks.


I just noticed that this compiles without any errors or warnings using -pedantic -Wall with both gcc and clang.  #include <stdio.h>  int x = 0;  void func(int f(const char *)) {     f("func()!"); }  int main(void) {     func(puts); }   It appears that the parameter f is treated like  pointer to function int (*)(const char *) in this case.  But this a behavior that I have never seen or heard anything about. Is this legal C code? And if so then what happens when you have a function as a parameter to a function?

I want to create a function that performs a function passed by parameter on a set of data. How do you pass a function as a parameter in C?


I recently bought an old Shimano EX crankset, which I'd like to mount new clip-on pedals to (Shimano Dura-Ace PD-R9100). Does anyone have any experience with using new clip-on pedals on vintage cranks? Thank you, Fynn

How do you measure pedal axle/spindle size?  Replacement pedals and accessories specify a size like 9/16" or 1/2".  How do I measure my current pedal to see what I need?  Is it just a matter of putting the pedal threads in a caliper and measuring the outer diameter of the threads across the axle/spindle?  Or do you need to measure the solid part, excluding the threads?


I installed Ubuntu for the first time and replaced Windows 10 which was installed on the C drive. I always have to go to Windows Boot Manager and select Ubuntu to start my laptop. If I let the automatic repair go on it shows this screen.  I don't want to lose my files in D and E drives. I didn't find any similar problem in the forum (it's been 24 hours of searching now). To clarify more I didn't install the partition version, I completely erased Windows 10 which was installed in C drive and then installed Ubuntu on the C drive. I tried to give Ubuntu as a default boot, but still, the Windows 10 automatic repair starts.

I installed Windows 7, which ate Ubuntu's boot file. When starting up the computer, it now goes straight to Windows, without giving me the option of booting Ubuntu.   How can I get Ubuntu back?


I have used the screw modifier to create a spiral, but after finishing and applying the modifier, I realize that I did something, and now my spiral is only a line. There was a question recently closed that sounds like this, but I am asking if there is a way to apply something like a lattice to it to make a 3D mesh from it. This is what I am trying to fix: File here:

I am currently modelling a bike based on a Norton 961:    I struggle with modelling a proper mechanical spring. It should look like this, I think:    I really don't know how to make it look flowing and natural and having enough "layers".


From Java Concurrency In Practice:  package net.jcip.examples;  import java.util.concurrent.atomic.*;  /**  * NumberRange  * <p/>  * Number range class that does not sufficiently protect its invariants  *  * @author Brian Goetz and Tim Peierls  */   public class NumberRange {      // INVARIANT: lower <= upper     private final AtomicInteger lower = new AtomicInteger(0);     private final AtomicInteger upper = new AtomicInteger(0);      public void setLower(int i) {         // Warning -- unsafe check-then-act         if (i > upper.get())             throw new IllegalArgumentException("can't set lower to " + i + " > upper");         lower.set(i);     }      public void setUpper(int i) {         // Warning -- unsafe check-then-act         if (i < lower.get())             throw new IllegalArgumentException("can't set upper to " + i + " < lower");         upper.set(i);     }      public boolean isInRange(int i) {         return (i >= lower.get() && i <= upper.get());     } }   It says “Both setLower and setUpper are check-then-act sequences, but they do not use sufficient locking to make them atomic. If the number range holds (0, 10), and one thread calls setLower(5) while another thread calls setUpper(4), with some unlucky timing both will pass the checks in the setters and both modifications will be applied. The result is that the range now holds (5, 4) an invalid state.”  How could it happen if AtomicIntegers are thread-safe, did I miss some points? And how to fix this?

Does it mean that two threads can't change the underlying data simultaneously? Or does it mean that the given code segment will run with predictable results when multiple threads are executing that code segment?


I was reading and faced with interesting look of main method which I didn't see before. Is there any difference between      public static void main(String[] args)    and     public static void main(String a[])           As I see applying either of them gives me the same output     public static void main(String a[]){         List <Integer> li = new ArrayList <Integer>();         ListIterator <Integer> liItr = null;          li.add(1);         li.add(2);         li.add(3);         li.add(4);         li.add(5);         li.add(6);         li.add(7);         liItr = li.listIterator();        System.out.println("Elemnets in forward direction");        while(liItr.hasNext()){            System.out.println(liItr.next());        }        System.out.println("Elements in backward direction");        while(liItr.hasPrevious()){            System.out.println(liItr.previous());       }     }   }   P.S. I consider myself as a beginner of Java. If someone could highlight giving me some explanation on that it would be nice

I have recently been thinking about the difference between the two ways of defining an array:   int[] array int array[]   Is there a difference?


I've had a hard time to figure out why I couldn't set a different material for a given face on a mesh used by two objects (duplicate by AltD).  As soon as I was assigning a material to a face on one object, the face was also changed on the other object, in spite the material was 'object-linked'.      I initially set the material slots exactly the same for the two objects, including materials used by both objects. What I realized (and the  doesn't help) is that one doesn't assign a material to a face, one rather assign the material slot. This slight difference has indeed a lot of consequences.  The solution was to set different materials to the same slot in each object and not changing the material-face assignment.    Slots have a taste of  for the mass... whatever, this leaves me with more questions:   Is that correct the slots are the actual entities which have the 'storage location' attribute and are stored either at mesh ('data') level or at 'object' level? Is that correct slots (not materials) are assigned to faces, and in the case of object duplicates sharing the same mesh, the face-slot assignment done with the 'Assign' button is shared between duplicates? Is it true that a face is assigned by reference to the absolute position of a slot in the list? The evidence is using the up/down arrow of the slot list in the Material tab, to change the order materials appear, actually changes which material is assigned to a face .   That's the general idea, do I miss an important point regarding the use of the material slots? Any reference to good documentation to go further appreciated, especially a description of the model.

I have been creating and using materials in several projects now but not really understanding what I am doing. The confusion arises because the word Material seems to have two meanings and is used interchangeably. In one text I have read it is explained that Material has three slots - called Material, Texture and Image. Another says that a Material Slot comprises a Material and an Image. So Material in one meaning is a sub-set of Material in another meaning? But which way around is correct?  In the properties panel under the material button there are two + signs - one to add a material and the other to add a material slot. What is the difference?


How do I set default accounts for YouTube and GMail?  I have an email for school and an email for personal use. How can I make it so that, in Chrome, when I go to YouTube it logs me into my personal account but when I go to GMail it logs me into my school account?

I have an email for school and an email for personal use. How can I make it so that, in Chrome, when I go to YouTube it logs me into my personal account but when I go to Gmail it logs me into my school account?


How do I efficiently compute $a^b\bmod c$:  When $b$ is huge, for instance $5^{844325}\bmod 21$? When $b$ is less than $c$ but it would still be a lot of work to multiply $a$ by itself $b$ times, for instance $5^{69}\bmod 101$? When $(a,c)\ne1$, for instance $6^{103}\bmod 14$?  Are there any other tricks for evaluating exponents in modular arithmetic?  This is being asked in an effort to cut down on duplicates, see  and .


Is it possible to get the direction of the longest side of a rectangle in QGIS?    I know how to get the direction of a line layer. But I need to know the direction of a polygon. One could start at the center of a polygon and find the shortest way to the border by using a line and take the direction of this line, but I don't know how to draw this line automatically for 30000 polygons.

I have a shapefile with 9000 agriculture fields and what I like to do is to determine for each field (=each polygon) the direction of the longest segment.  For instance, the selected polygon in the screenshot has its longest segment from west to east so I would like to mark give the polygon the attribute W (for west) or either E (for east).   Is there any solution to solve my problem in a fast but generalized way?   I do not need very detailed results. It's just for the interpretation of a question.   I'm seeking an answer using ArcGIS 10.2 for Desktop.  To be more precise on what I'm looking for I try to explain more practical: I'm doing winderosion analysis for a specific area with 9000 fields. As result I have a potential susceptibility for each field. I like to check, if the fields with high susceptibility are correlated to a certain orientation of the fields, e.g. check if most of the fields with high risk are oriented in the main winddirection or not.   The search for the longest segment is not really important for me. It was just an idea I had to determine the direction. So forget about the longest segment if there is a way to determine the direction with another method ;)


I'm working on a illness thing, and I need to make it so it checks if a player has eaten some rotten flesh then gives the player infinite hunger.

The idea is that a certain number of random people on the server are identified to have a food allergy - let's pick wheat for an example. Then, when those players eat any item that contains wheat (bread, cake, and cookie in vanilla MC), they will get the poison effect for a certain amount of time.  This seems to be three steps:   using /scoreboard teams add wheatAllergy to make a team named wheatAllergy, using /scoreboard teams join wheatAllergy @r[limit=X] to specify X random players and place them on team wheatAllergy, and somehow identifying when players on wheatAllergy eat any food that contains wheat and applying a poison effect to them.   I assume I would need one command block for each bread, cake, and cookie, but I'm unsure on what those commands would be, exactly. Any ideas?  For bonus points: Same as above, but for contact allergies: i.e., when players on, say, team eggAllergy are hit by a thrown egg, or when players on team dogAllergy touch wolves, tamed or untamed. I feel like contact should be easier than eating, but I'm still unsure of what the command would be.


How can current flow through a capacitor(open circuit)? Why is there a need of displacement current and why does it exist for a short period of time? Does the displacement current exist in medium between the plates? Why is there a need for charge to flow from battery's terminal to capacitor's plate?

Capacitors behaving as an open circuits, How can we understand the concept of the Electrons flowing through a capacitors.


i have a question about this.   if $f(t):[a,b] \Rightarrow \mathbb{C}$ is a continuous function, then is there a property in complex analysis that states,   $ | \int_a^b f(t) dt | \leq \int_a^b |f(t)| dt $ ??  I know there is one for real valued function, if yes, then is there a simple proof for it that use this property for real function to extend it to the complex case??   thank you.

The following proof is given in my notes: Write the complex integral $\int_a^bf(t)dt = Re^{i\theta}$ where $$ R=\int_a^bf(t)dt. \quad(1) $$ On the other hand, $$ R=\int_a^be^{-i\theta}f(t)dt.\quad(2) $$ Write $e^{-i\theta}f(t)=U(t)+iV(t)$ where $U(t)$ and $V(t) $ are real-valued functions. Then because R is real,  $$ R=\int_z^bU(t)dt\quad(3) $$  But now, $$ U(t)= Re\ e^{-i\theta}f(t) \le e^{-i\theta}f(t)=\vert f(t)\vert\quad(4) $$ Therefore, from the properties of real integrals, $$ \int_a^bU(t)dt\le\int\vert f(t)\vert dt $$ which proves the desired result.  I have trouble figuring out how each of the numbered equations actually hold. After writing the integral as $\int_a^bf(t)dt = Re^{i\theta}$ How can we say that (1) and (2) hold. (3) sort of makes sense as R has to be real.


I'm trying to break up a mesh in different pieces.  The problem I'm having is related to material rendering. In my original model, I have smooth shading applied, as you can see in the following capture:    To break the model in different parts, I'm selecting a set of faces and using P to create a new mesh with those parts.    Once the new mesh is created, the smooth shading interpolation is calculated differently, and you can see the part as a patch:     This do not happen if instead of using smooth shading I use flat shading.   I think this is because the interpolation done by the shading works differently depending on the complete mesh.  Is there a way to use smooth shading and have all the parts rendering as they would be part of the same mesh?  Thanks in advance!

When having smooth shading on a sphere and separating the top into a separate object the shading is no longer smooth over the 2 parts, there is a discontinuity:   It turns out the separate action changes the normals:   I understand blender recalculates the normals based on the mesh it knows within the object, but is there any way to override this behavior, so that on separation, the original normals from before the separate are retained?


when I select the Wi-Fi network, after trying connect for sometime, I get a "Disconnected - cannot connect to the network" response.   I tried connecting to Wi-Fi on terminal could not find WLAN0. although the available networks show the name properly.  can connect to a mobile network though. any help/response is greatly appreciated.

I have connected to my wifi correctly but I cannot seem to search for anything as it just says "Server Not Found". Other computers on the same network can still search the internet though.  This has been flagged as a duplicate of  However the solution used I have already attempted and it has failed to reconcile my issue


Is it correct to place a comma after 'is'? Please, no recast.  The question is, where do we get the money to pay for it?

Possible Duplicate:          Take this statement for example:     That's not the question. The question is what was Colonel Mustard doing in the bedroom with the revolver.   or      That's not the question. The question is what was Colonel Mustard doing in the bedroom with the revolver?    or     That's not the question. The question is "what was Colonel Mustard doing in the bedroom with the revolver?"


Below is the code  I will try to ask this question again later on

I understand that an id must be unique within an HTML/XHTML page.  My question is, for a given element, can I assign multiple ids to it?

   I realize I have an easy solution with simply using a class. I'm just curious about using ids in this manner.


When I try to install Lubuntu this appears: Command apt-get update finished with exit code 100. Output: ign:1 cdrom://Lubuntu 20.04 LTS_Focal_Fossa_-Release amd64 (20200423) focal Release Reading package lists... E: Release file for cdrom:[Lubuntu 20.04 LTS_Focal Fossa_-Release amd64 (20200423)]/dists/focal/Release is not valid yet (invalid for another 20d 15h 28min 3s). Updates for this repository will not be applied.  What should I do? Thanks for the help.

I keep getting this error every time I try to sudo apt update:  Hit:1 ubuntu bionic InRelease Ign:3 linux/chrome/deb stable InRelease                    Get:2 /ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]    Get:5 /linux/chrome/deb stable Release [943 B]              Get:6 http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb stable Release.gpg [819 B]          Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB]  Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]     Reading package lists... Done                                  E: Release file for http://dl.google.com/linux/chrome/deb/dists/stable/Release is not valid yet (invalid for another 2h 45min 28s). Updates for this repository will not be applied. E: Release file for http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-updates/InRelease is not valid yet (invalid for another 4h 34min 33s). Updates for this repository will not be applied. E: Release file for http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-backports/InRelease is not valid yet (invalid for another 1h 22min 16s). Updates for this repository will not be applied. E: Release file for http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/bionic-security/InRelease is not valid yet (invalid for another 4h 32min 36s).    Updates for this repository will not be applied.  I've reset my timezone to UTC, but that didn't work. I also found a different answer where they said I should try   sudo apt-get -o Acquire::Check-Valid-Until=false update   but that didn't work either. I got the same error both times.


I'm completely lost on this one. The best I could come up with is that $pn=p^2q$ for some integer $q$, but this doesn't imply $p^2=nq$. Hints would be appreciated.

So I've been stuck on this proof for the past threes days now. I keep going back and forth and making no progress.     Let $n\in \mathbb{Z}_{\geq 2}$. Show that $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$ has a nonzero nilpotent element iff there is a prime $p$ s.t. $p^2$ divides $n$.   $(\Rightarrow)$ I know $a$ can be factored into distinct primes, so $a=p_1^{e_1}\cdot ...\cdot p_m^{e_m}$ then $a^k=p_1^{e_1k}\cdot ...\cdot p_m^{e_mk}$.  Also since $n|a^k$ so $a^k=nd$ for some $d\in \mathbb{Z}$.  $a^k=p_1^{e_1k}\cdot ...\cdot p_m^{e_mk}=nd$. So $nd$ has that distinct prime factorization.  Then I get lost on what to do.


I'm trying to migrate a MySQL-based app over to Microsoft SQL Server 2005 (not by choice, but that's life).  In the original app, we used almost entirely ANSI-SQL compliant statements, with one significant exception -- we used MySQL's group_concat function fairly frequently.  group_concat, by the way, does this: given a table of, say, employee names and projects...  SELECT empName, projID FROM project_members;   returns:  ANDY   |  A100 ANDY   |  B391 ANDY   |  X010 TOM    |  A100 TOM    |  A510   ... and here's what you get with group_concat:  SELECT      empName, group_concat(projID SEPARATOR ' / ')  FROM      project_members  GROUP BY      empName;   returns:  ANDY   |  A100 / B391 / X010 TOM    |  A100 / A510   So what I'd like to know is: Is it possible to write, say, a user-defined function in SQL Server which emulates the functionality of group_concat?   I have almost no experience using UDFs, stored procedures, or anything like that, just straight-up SQL, so please err on the side of too much explanation :)


If $f: [0,1] \to \mathbb{R}$ is a (not necessarily continuous) function satisfying  $$ |f(x)-f(y)| \leq M|x-y|^{\alpha} $$  where $M$ and $\alpha$ are fixed real numbers and $\alpha > 1$. Classify all such functions $f$.

Suppose $f:(a,b) \to \mathbb{R} $ satisfy $|f(x) - f(y) | \le M |x-y|^\alpha$ for some  $\alpha >1$ and all $x,y \in (a,b) $. Prove that $f$ is constant on $(a,b)$.   I'm not sure which theorem should I look to prove this question. Can you guys give me a bit of hint? First of all how to prove some function $f(x)$ is constant on $(a,b)$? Just show $f'(x) = 0$?


I have a few \cite commands in my pgfplots which are not being displayed properly when externalization in on. As soon as you turn off the externalization, the references will be displayed correctly.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{pgfplots} \usepgfplotslibrary{external} \tikzexternalize \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[xmin=-1,xmax=1,xlabel = \cite{Lorem}, title=\cite{Lorem2}, ylabel=\cite{Lorem3}] \addplot  coordinates{ (0,0)(2,2)}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \begin{thebibliography}{99\kern\bibindent}  \bibitem{Lorem}\textsc{Lorem ipsum dolor sit} \texttt{Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Cras vitae purus mi. Fusce quam urna, elementum at ullamcorper in, tempus sed quam.}  \bibitem{Lorem2}\textsc{Lorem ipsum dolor sit} \texttt{Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Cras vitae purus mi. Fusce quam urna, elementum at ullamcorper in, tempus sed quam.}  \bibitem{Lorem3}\textsc{Lorem ipsum dolor sit} \texttt{Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Cras vitae purus mi. Fusce quam urna, elementum at ullamcorper in, tempus sed quam.} \end{thebibliography} \end{document}

I was writing on an document with a lot of pgfplots in it. Because of the memory limitation in LaTeX and in order to save some compiling time I tried out the externalize command. With most of the plots it perfectly worked out. But when I use the \ref command, namely \ref{<legendname>} the legend gets lost and instead there is a ??.  I think this question in a way is similar to  and . But no answer to these questions could solve my problem. Even the use of xr and zref packages showed no effect.  Am I just missing something?    MWE of the maindocument:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{zref-user} \usepackage{xr-hyper} \usepackage{pgfplots} \usetikzlibrary{pgfplots.groupplots} \usepgfplotslibrary{external}  \tikzexternalize \externaldocument{part1}  \begin{document} \input{part1} \end{document}     With part1.tex looking like this:  \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{groupplot}[       group style= {  columns=3,xlabels at=edge bottom,                 y descriptions at=edge left,                 horizontal sep=2cm,group name=plots},     width=0.4\textwidth,     xtick=data,     legend columns=3]     \nextgroupplot[xlabel=site 1,legend to name=grouplegend]     \addplot coordinates {(1,20)(2,23)(3,24.5)};     \addlegendentry {AaAaA,BbBbB,CcCcC}%     \nextgroupplot[xlabel=site 2]     \addplot coordinates {(1,14)(2,16)(3,17)};     \nextgroupplot[xlabel=site 3]     \addplot coordinates {(1,10)(2,11.5)(3,12.25)};     \end{groupplot}   % Legend     \node at (plots c2r1.north) [anchor=south] {\ref{grouplegend}}; \end{tikzpicture}     I'm writing with MikTeX 2.9 and the latest updates of the packages used. For compiling I used the command pdflatex -enable-write18 <file name>.  I hope the MWE is short enough ;) and some knows how to solve this problem.


Maybe this is very basic, but I am all confused.  I have a simple html page with many sections (div). I have a string containing html tags in javascript. The code is as follows:

     I want to extract content of the html tags (from the string in javascript) and display that content in my html page in desired sections.   i.e. I want "This is a heading1" displayed in
 and "This is a paragraph1." to be displayed in
 and same for the second pair of tags.  I need all of this to work only on the client side. I have tried to use HTML DOM getElementByTagName method and its getting too complicated. I know very little of jquery. And I am confused. I dont understand how to go about it. Can you guide me what to use - javascript or jquery and how to use it? Is there a way to identify the  from the string and iterate through it?   How to extract "This is heading1" (and similar contents enclosed in the html tags) from str1?? I don't know the index of these hence cannot use substr() or substring() function in javascript.

I have an HTML string representing an element: '
text
'. I'd like to append it to an element in the DOM (a ul in my case). How can I do this with Prototype or with DOM methods?  (I know i could do this easily in jQuery, but unfortunately we're not using jQuery.)


I have 2 models within my blender. i Want to put on my horse model simple jpg texture like on my turtle. Theres any way to do that? Thanks for answers!

I am creating a model of a glass and I would like to put a drawing on it (a png picture).  I know how to do it using Blender Render, but not with Cycles Render. Help :)


I am new to multiclassing and new to spells with 5e. Currently I am a Level 3 Rogue (Arcane Trickster) and just leveled up to level 4. For my fourth level, I was going to put a level into the wizard class as it makes sense for my backstory. However, I'm confused by the calculation for determining what spell slots I have. According to the  rules in the PHB (p. 164-165), to determine what spell slots I have, I would take my rogue level divided by 3 and then rounded down (1), and add it to my number of levels in the wizard class (1), for a total of 2. Then looking at the 2nd row of the  table on page 165, it would seem that I'd have three 1st-level spell slots. But that doesn't make sense to me, as I originally had two 1st-level spell slots as an Arcane Trickster rogue, and a 1st-level wizard has two 1st-level spell slots. Would a multiclassed Arcane Trickster rogue 3 / wizard 1 have only three 1st-level spell slots? Or would they have four?

How do I determine how many spell slots I have if I multiclass into more than one spellcasting class? For example, I have a character that is a level 3 Wizard, a level 5 Eldritch Knight Fighter, a level 4 Arcane Trickster Rogue, a level 4 Paladin, and a 4 Warlock. How many spell slots do I have and how do I determine this?


I may need to layover in Japan for my trip from Beijing to Boston. Also I need to change airports from Haneda airport to Narita airport. The layover is about 5 hours 15 minutes. Do I need to take care of my check-in luggage? Usually we don't need to handle the check-in luggage for stopovers. How about this one? They are in different airports! If you have experience in person, please share with us. No visa will be needed for this transit as I read from other posts, right? Thanks, EDIT: One trip, one ticket. I am Chinese with a US green card.

I will be transferring between two international flights at Tokyo Narita airport. I'm scheduled to depart the same day I arrive. I am planning to stay within the airport during the layover. Does anyone know if I will require a transit visa at Narita?


When I have voted for undeletion, the system showed me message about deletion.        And looks like it isn't the localization problem, 'cause in traducir everything is fine:   Looks like the system shows incorrect message for undeletion vote.  Discussion on SOru:

Seems there is something wrong with voting to undelete a question.  When I vote to undelete site says:      Your delete vote has been recorded   I don't have enough rep on English-based SE sites, so can only provide screenshots from Stack Overflow in Russian:         Russian phrase:     Ваш голос за удаление учтён   corresponds to original English phrase:     Your delete vote has been recorded   Actual phrase for undelete should be:        Update:  Nowadays I can vote to undelete here on MSE, and can confirm that English message is okay:        Hence here is something wrong with translation mechanism. For some reason on ruSO (and maybe other localized sites) is used translation from “delete vote” source instead of “undelete vote”.


I'm looking for a good flight cost comparison site for flexible schedule.  Let's say I want to plan a one week trip in October. I really do not mind when.  Means I need a site where I can set the destination and have some kind of a table with the cheapest prices on each day. Can be different carriers for each leg.  Most of the sites give you up to +-7 days  Are there any sites which give you -+30 days?  i am not asking about flexible destination but about flexible schedule. non of the sites like: itasoftware, skyscanner, or kayak gives you the flexibility im looking for.  i.e. kayak gives you +- 3 days –

Several airline and trip planning sites will allow you to check "I am flexible with my dates" or a similar option.  Is there any way to also search more broadly for location?  For example, if you wanted to leave from YYZ or YKF and arrive at any airport in California, can a search for such flights be done somehow?  I ask because when I plan plane trips, I want the lowest price.  I'm OK with leaving a day or two later if I save $200 (same with the return trip).  There are 3 airports within 80 km of me, I'll leave from the one with the cheapest flight. And I'm also OK with changing the trip to spend time exploring San Francisco instead of lying on the beach near San Diego, and that sort of thing.  Normally this would take dozens of searches, but I'd like to see it all at once.


I got my article with major revision from "Renewable Energy" but as per my knowledge the major revision are seen to be like minor questions were asked by the two reviewers. After submitting my revised manuscript, after 15 days my status was in "under review" the next day it was changed to "required reviews completed". Now so far, for 16 days my article still in "required reviews completed". Why is the editor taking very long time after the second review completed? Please, any one of you gives me the answer.   Why you all people have marked the duplicate of an existing question. My question may be old to everyone, But this question what I raised is new to me....if you are willing to give the proper answer to the question, I am very thankful to them. But don't say existing question for what I asked

I had submitted my paper in an Elsevier journal one year back. Now, status update on the submission tracking says "Required reviews completed." However, for the last two weeks still there is no change in the status.  Should I ask the editor what is going on with my submission?


I am very new to Stack Overflow. It's hard for me to find the questions which I asked. How to find out my own questions?

Is there a simple fast way to see all my recent questions?


hi so I have installed xampp on my Ubuntu laptop and I want to give the user "John" full permissions on the folders /opt/*  How can I do this? Right now you need to be root

Can you explain briefly the main concepts and command line tools used to manage file permissions?


If GCD(a,b)=d,   then can we say that GCD(a^n,b^n)=d^n? for all positive integers n.  This doubt is inspired from GCD(a,b)=1 implies GCD(a^n,b^n)=1 for all positive integers n.

Let $d=(a^n,b^n), d_1=(a,b)^n$; need show $d\mid d_1$ & $d_1\mid d$ to prove.  For the general case of $(a,b)\ne 1, (a,b)= (d_1)^\frac{1}{n}$, else $(a,b)=d_1$.  Let, $d_2= (a,b)=d_1^\frac{1}{n}\implies a=a'd_2, b = b'd_2\implies a^n= (a')^nd_2^n, b^n= (b')^nd_2^n$  Unable to progress further.


I have an array (?) of Bytes and I want to reverse the order of them. I'm getting a NullExceptionPointer error with the following code but I don't get why it doesn't work?  Byte[] m is the thing I want to reverse.      Byte[] temp = new Byte[m.length];     int j = 0;      for (int i = m.length - 1; i < 0; i--) {         temp[j] = m[i];         j++;      }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I was having a discussion with a friend who proposed the question of "who has killed the most people, directly or indirectly?".  She argued that it would be Karl Benz (inventor of the motor vehicle) due to all proceeding designs stemming off of his and the frequency of motor vehicle caused death.  I instead suggested it would be whoever had invented the first practical firearm. She then stated that wouldn't count because you could then go further back and state it would be whoever invented the first weapon in general, to which I claimed by that logic her answer would be invalid since you could state the inventor of the wheel. This was reduced down by her to "the first humans whom we are descended from" since we cant die without being born first.   Clearly this is ridiculous but it made me think if it was covered by an existing fallacy, feels very slippery slope like but I'm not wholly sure.  Any ideas?

I would ask if this is a logical fallacy, but I don't think you can consider wrongful attribution of blame to be a logical fallacy, because attributing blame is a normative claim, not a descriptive one.  Suppose an event happens. Looking back at the chain of events, we see that person A did an action such that, had this action not occurred, the event would not have happened. We then blame person A for the event, and hold them morally responsible.  For example, suppose I have a gambling problem. Because of this problem, I steal money from my cousin's wallet and gamble it away. This triggers my cousin, who cares about me, to search for a gambling anonymous group for me to join. He finds one and drives over there. In the parking lot of the site, he gets accosted by a mugger who attacks, and essentially kills him. Now my family blames me and my gambling problem for my cousin's death.  Clearly it's true that, in an indirect way, my action caused my cousin to die. But it's a misattribution of blame to say that I'm morally responsible for my cousin's death based on my action. It would, however, be appropriate to say that I'm morally responsible for the loss of my cousin's money.  I believe that this is such a common error in argumentation that there must be a term for it.


I do have a problem with QGIS. I Have to create a map which shows different areas in a city. It is important, that there are labels with names of the streets, so that my clients can work with the map. As Background Map I have to use MapQuest. My problem now is, that the displayed Background in the Composer is different from the background which is exported (Composer: only motorways are labeled, exported: every street is labeled but so small, that nobody can read it. I’m able to label the streets from an external source (OSM) but then there are both labels displayed, the small ones and mine, and this looks terrible. So I think I have two options, first I can export the map without labels, so I can use my extra ones, second I have to reach, that the labels are exported bigger. (both I do not know if and how it is possible) Does somebody have an idea how to solve my problem?

I'm having trouble with the OpenLayers Plugin of Qgis and the map composer:  If I create an OSM-background layer and if I want to export this, the OSM-Layer looks perfectly all right in the normal qgis program window. But in the map composer and after export the layer has shifted relatively to my other shape layers (EPSG:32633 - WGS 84 / UTM zone 33N).  The second thing is that the output resolution of the exported osm-layer is very, very poor.   A really bad way of getting around this whole trouble would be to increase the screen resolution and make a screenshot of the map composition window of qgis. But I don't think this would be very professional. It also would cause a lot of pain :)   I'm using Qgis 1.8.0-Lisboa under Linux. The openlayers plugin is version 0.92.


Taken from elementary mathematics I am little confused as to conversion of below implications:  Q 1.) A necessary condition for Indian team to win a cricket match is that the selection committee selects an all rounder.  Solution: q is necessary for p p: Indian team wins a cricket match q: The selection committee selects an all rounder. if p then q "If the teams wins cricket match then selection committee selects an all rounder"  My Solution: "If the selection committee selects an all rounder then the team wins cricket match."  Q 2.) A sufficient condition for Tara to visit New Delhi is that she goes to the Rashtrapati Bhawan (a building in new delhi). p: Tara goes to the Rashtrapati Bhawan q: She visits New Delhi Solution: If Tara goes to Rashtrapati Bhawan, then she visits new Delhi.  My solution: "If Tara visits New Delhi, then she goes to Rashtrapati Bhawan".  Can anyone please guide me why my solutions are wrong in both the above cases? What am I missing in my logic?

If $p\implies q$ ("$p$ implies $q$"), then $p$ is a sufficient condition for $q$. If $\lnot p\implies \lnot q$ ("not $p$ implies not $q$"), then $p$ is a necessary condition for $q$.   I don't understand what sufficient and necessary mean in this case. How do you know which one is necessary and which one is sufficient?


So, I have a few scripts that need to be executed in order, and they need to wait for the previous script to finish since they need the data it gathers.  I thought about putting it all in a single script but I want to run it on a small VPS and it'd most likely run out of memory.  My first thought was about cron, but as the scripts depend on each other to finish first I'm not sure how I'd schedule them.  Then I thought about Celery, but it says it's focused on real time stuff and it seems a bit of an overkill for what I want.  Is there something simpler than Celery that I could use to achieve this?

I run a job every minute to reindex my site's content.   Today, the search engine died, and when I logged in there were hundreds of orphan processes that had been started by cron.  Is there another way using some kind of existing software that will let me execute a job every minute, but that won't launch another instance if that job doesn't return (i.e. because the search engine process has failed)?


Is there a decision problem in $\textsf{S}_2\textsf{P}$ that (presumably) requires the full power of $\textsf{S}_2\textsf{P}$-computations? Specifically, is there a language in $\textsf{S}_2\textsf{P}$ that doesn't obviously belong to any 'natural' smaller class? The two 'natural' classes that I have in mind are $\textsf{P}^{\textsf{NP}}$ and $\textsf{BPP}$.

The complexity class $\textrm{S}_2^\textrm{P}$ is defined as follows (from ):     A language $L$ is in $S_2^P$ if there exists a polynomial-time predicate $P$ such that         If $x \in L$, then there exists a $y$ such that for all $z$, $P(x,y,z)=1$   If $x \notin L$, then there exists a $z$ such that for all $y$, $P(x,y,z)=0$         where the size of both $y$ and $z$ must be polynomial in the size of $x$.   Also see  and the  for more informal explanations and discussions.  While this class seems reasonably natural, I can't find an example of a problem that's in $\textrm{S}_2^\textrm{P}$ for a non-trivial reason (i.e., not just because it is in NP or MA or some class contained in $\textrm{S}_2^\textrm{P}$). Does anyone know a problem that fits this description?  If no one can think of a problem like that, I wouldn't mind a problem that's in a sub-class of $\textrm{S}_2^\textrm{P}$, but it's non-trivial to show this, whereas the problem is obviously in $\textrm{S}_2^\textrm{P}$.


In Star Wars: The Force Awakens, the Starkiller is demonstrated. However, just as quickly as Kylo Ren and company gives the order, 3-4 planets.  The Starkiller appears to defy the theory of relativity and the laws of physics. How is this possible? If we were to ever have a weapon of this magnitude and decided to destroy a plan within our galaxy, we can expect the trajectory to take quite a few light years. Why is it that as soon as the Starkiller fires, the planets were almost instantaneously destroyed as opposed to the trajectory taking x amount of light years to hit its target?

On Takodana,      the main characters and various bar patrons can see the planet Hosnian Prime being destroyed by Starkiller Base with their (respective) naked eyes. How did they see this? Is the Hosnian system close enough to see? If it's not very close and they could just see the explosion, how did the light from it reach them so quickly?


I ran into some trouble proving the following:  $(R \rightarrow (P \rightarrow Q))\vdash (Q\rightarrow P) \lor (P \rightarrow Q)$  My approach thus far:  Honestly I'm really stuck. So basically my hypothesis requires this $R$, hence the first thing that came to my mind is the Law of Excluded Middle. Using $R$ is trivial. The problem comes with $\neg R$. I can't seem to proceed from there.  Any help or insights is deeply appreciated.

How do I prove the following using Natural Deduction?  $$((P \land Q) \rightarrow R) \vdash (P \rightarrow R) \lor (Q\rightarrow R)$$   My current approach:  So instead of proving $(P \rightarrow R) \lor (Q\rightarrow R)$, I figure I just need to prove $(P \rightarrow R)$ and use disjunction introduction.  The problem is my hypothesis requires $P$ and $Q$. How do I "create" this Q? I tried using the Law of the Excluded middle, but it does not seem to work.  Any help or insights is deeply appreciated.


Integral of $$\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}}\tan^{-1}(\sin(x))$$ can be given in the following form (obtained from CAS):   $$ I =  \text{Li}_2\left(-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2    }}\right)-\text{Li}_2\left(-1- \sqrt{2}\right)+\frac{\pi    ^2}{12}+\frac{\log    ^2(2)}{8} \\ -\log \left(1+\sqrt{2}\right) \log    \left(2+\sqrt{2}\right) $$  It can be derived using integration under the differential sign (found here):    the approximate numerical result is: $$ I \approx 0.845291$$  I have also found that expression $$ \frac{\pi ^2}{8}-\frac{1}{2} \log    ^2\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right) $$ yields the same numerical results to within thousands of digits.  Is it possible to find this closed-form solution without dilogarithm from this integral?

I came across the following sum: $$\sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \frac{(-1)^k}{(2k+1)^2}\frac{4^k}{{2k \choose k}}$$    I thought that this can be evaluated using the expansion of $\dfrac{\sin^{-1}x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}$ but I couldn't make any use of it. Then I tried to use the following: $$\frac{1}{(2k+1)}\frac{1}{{2k \choose k}}=\frac{\Gamma(k+1)\Gamma(k+1)}{\Gamma(2k+2)}=\int_0^1 x^k(1-x)^k\,dx$$ but this didn't help either and now I am stuck.   Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks!    EDIT:  The sum originated from the following definite integral:  $$\int_0^{\pi/2}\tan^{-1}(\sin x)\,dx$$


I need to get a set of total transactions over time on a weekly interval. Essentially I need a total-transactions-to-date column.   When I group by WEEK(Date) I get the amount of transactions for that week, but need to also get the transactions from any time before that week as well.  So let's say I have a table like this:  TransactionID  | Date ---------------|-----------              1 | 8-04-2014              2 | 8-05-2014              3 | 8-18-2014              4 | 8-18-2014              5 | 8-20-2014   I want to have a select statement that would provide me with something like  TotalTransactionsToDate | Week | Year ------------------------|------|------                       2 |    1 | 2014                       5 |    3 | 2014   If I could somehow also get the row 2 |   2 | 2014 meaning 2 Total, on Week 2 of 2014 that would be a nice bonus, but I don't require it.  I am using MySql 5.5.38

I need to get a set of total transactions over time on a weekly interval. Essentially I need a total-transactions-to-date column. When I group by WEEK(Date) I get the amount of transactions for that week, but need to also get the transactions from any time before that week as well.  So let's say I have a table like this:  TransactionID  | Date ---------------|-----------              1 | 8-04-2014              2 | 8-05-2014              3 | 8-18-2014              4 | 8-18-2014              5 | 8-20-2014   I want to have a select statement that would provide me with something like  TotalTransactionsToDate | Week | Year ------------------------|------|------                       2 |    1 | 2014                       5 |    3 | 2014   I am using MySql 5.5.38


I went to remove some tags from a question and normally I have enough rep to do this.  However, on this occasion, it appears that someone with not enough rep tried and instead I could approve an edit to do the same thing, but this wasn't enough.  In other words, I was prevented from removing tags by someone trying to do the same thing but not enough rep.  This struct me as a bit complicated.  If I can remove tags, perhaps I should be able to remove them even if someone with not enough rep has already tried to remove them.

Note that this is not the same as:   Mistagged questions should be retaggable immediately.


I am struggling setting hyperlink colors. I would like my TOC to be in a defined color which I try and set with \startcolor[DCMBlue] and \stopcolor around the TOC. All hyperlinks should be in green but on page 2, they are in red. What am I not understanding? Below is a MWE showing that the hyperlinks in the incorrect color:  \setupcolors[state=start] \usemodule[lettrine] \definecolor [DCMBlue][r=0.149, g=0.27, b=0.407] \setupinteraction [state=start, color=green, style=bold]  % Turn off page numbering as it is set in the footer \setuppagenumbering[location=] % Setup headers and footers \setupfootertexts[][Page \userpagenumber of \lastuserpagenumber]  % Set up Cover Page \defineoverlay[CoverPage]               [{\externalfigure[cow][cow]}]  \setupexternalfigures[location={local,global,default}] \setuphead   [section]   [page=yes]  \starttext  \startfrontmatter  \setupbackgrounds[page][background={CoverPage}] \startstandardmakeup  \stopstandardmakeup \setupbackgrounds[page][background=] \startcolor[DCMBlue]  % Insert TOC \setupcombinedlist[content][list={chapter,section,subsection},alternative=c] \completecontent \stopcolor \stopfrontmatter  \startbodymatter     (See \in{Table}[tab:perf]) for details. .  \startplacetable[location=centre,reference=tab:perf,title=Historic Performance\footnote{this is a footnote}]  \bTABLE  \bTR  \bTD  \eTD  \bTD Column 1 \eTD  \bTD Column 2 \eTD  \eTR  \bTR  \bTD Row 1 \eTD  \bTD 1 \eTD  \bTD 1 \eTD  \eTR  \bTR  \bTD Row 2 \eTD  \bTD 2 \eTD  \bTD 2 \eTD  \eTR  \bTR  \bTD Row 3 \eTD  \bTD 3 \eTD  \bTD 3 \eTD  \eTR  \eTABLE \stopplacetable     \startsection[reference=sec:one,title={Section 1}]  \in{Table}[tab:perf]  the figures are shown.    \startsection[reference=title1,title={Title 1}] \input ward \page[yes] \stopsection  \startsection[reference=title2,title={Title 2}] \input ward \page[yes] \stopsection  \startsection[title={Title 3}] \input ward For the \color[green]{first} section see \at{page}[title1]  For the first section see \at{page}[title2]   \color[DCMBlue]{DCMBlueed text in TeX} \page[yes] \stopsection  \stopbodymatter  \stoptext

By default the link color of references created with \in or \at is red.   How can this color be globally changed, so that all links have the same color (e.g. blue)?  \setupinteraction     [state=start,      color=blue,      style=,  % make font non-bold      ]  \starttext  \placefigure[here][fig:foo]{A figure}{     \externalfigure[testfigure] }  Red color: \in{Figure}[fig:foo] \at{page}[fig:foo].  % How to make this blue, too?  Blue color: \goto{Link}[url(http://tex.stackexchange.com/)]  \stoptext


I'm running ubuntu 13.10. But I guess I need to go back to Windows 7. Its so easy to install Ubuntu from a bootable usb because of a program. But I can't find any similar windows program that I've used to install ubuntu that runs on ubuntu. Can I still install Windows 7? I do have the Windows 7 ISO file with me. Help please.

I have absolutely no experience with Linux, and I desperately need to get my computer back up and running again with Windows.  How do I remove Ubuntu and reinstall Windows?    Editor's note: many of the answers are about removing Ubuntu from dual-boot but keeping Windows (which is a bit complicated), while other answers are about removing Ubuntu from single-boot (which is easy: basically just format the disk while installing Windows). The question as written is ambiguous between dual-boot or single-boot.


Question: Prove that $\mathbb{Q}$ under addition is not isomorphic to  $\mathbb{R^{+}}$ under multiplication.   I wonder what is a good way to approach this? Would constructing a map be more helpful?  Thank in advance. Hints only*

To show: $(\mathbb{Q},+)$ is not isomorphic to $(\mathbb{R},+)$  Now, the equation $x^{2} =3$ has a solution in $\mathbb{R}$, but not in $\mathbb{Q}$.  Hence they are not isomorphic to each other.  Is that right, or do I need to prove something else?  Thanks.


Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


The Fighter's Interception fighting style reads:  When a creature you can see hits a target, other than you, within 5 feet of you with an attack, you can use your reaction to reduce the damage the target takes by 1d10 + your proficiency bonus (to a minimum of 0 damage).  How does this work against attacks that deal more than one type of damage? Does it matter if the extra damage is "gated" behind a failed saving throw?

Effects like  (PHB, p. 54) and Spirit Shield (XGtE, p.  10) reduce damage by a roll, irrespective of damage  (PHB 196). However, single damage rolls can have multiple damage types, as confirmed (for wording) by Jeremy Crawford in .   How do you know which part of the damage is reduced?   This could actually make a difference to the amount of damage taken if, for example, the creature taking damage is resistant to one or more of the damage types involved.       Cutting Words: ... When a creature that you can see within 60 feet of you makes an attack roll, an ability check, or a damage roll, you can use your reaction to expend one of your uses of Bardic Inspiration, rolling a Bardic Inspiration die and subtracting the number rolled from the creature's roll.   Using this ability to expand upon the examples found in  and :     Barny, an Ice Devil (MM, p.  75) hits Bobby, rolling 9 slashing damage and 11 cold damage.      Bobby's ally, Vera, is a level 10 bard of the college of Lore, and uses her Cutting Words ability on the attack's damage roll. She rolls a 9, which is subtracted from the Barny's damage roll.      Bobby is wearing his Boots of the Winterlands (DMG, p.  156), giving him resistance to cold.   We know that "resistance and then vulnerability are applied after all other modifiers to damage" (PHB, p.  197) and both slashing damage and cold damage are treated as "one big damage roll" (see the JC tweet), so is all the 9 slashing damage removed by cutting words, and then the cold damage halved for 5 total damage, or is 9 of the cold damage removed by cutting words, leaving 2 to be halved for a total of 1 + 9 = 10 damage taken by Bobby?   Who makes this decision?  When an effect (like cutting words) reduces damage without specifying type from a source containing multiple damage types, what part of the damage is reduced?


After formating my computer, some folders and files turned to green and now I cannot open certain files. From the properties of the disk, I am not able uncheck "Encrypt content to secure data".   How can I unencrypt my disk and make my data available?

I downloaded a ZIP file and dragged the files out of the ZIP into a directory. The subdirectories I copied displayed in Windows Explorer in green instead of the default black.  What does the green folder text mean?    (In case you're wondering, the download was from )


I'm wondering how I should start and end a letter requesting information from a Consulate. Dear Department / Dear Service / Dear Sir/Madam and Yours faithfully?

When is it appropriate to use the terms Dear Sir or Madam and To whom it may concern?  The rules I was taught state that Dear Sir or Madam should be used when you're writing a letter to a person about something that person has direct involvement in (e.g. returning a defective product to a customer service department).  By the same rules, To whom it may concern would be used for situations in which the recipient is a third party to the topic of the letter (e.g. regarding a letter of reference or recommendation).  Was I taught correctly?  Is the rule actually something else?  Or is this one of those situations where many people have an opinion but there is no real rule?


I'm trying to understand what's happened . From what I've found online it should be $\sin^{-1}$ not $\cos^{-1}$. But then the proof doesn't work. I'm probably just missing something...  I'm assuming that the equation in the picture isn't of the form suggested in the title or something?

Find the exact value of     $$ \int_{0}^{a} \frac{1}{\sqrt {a^2-x^2}} \mathrm {dx} $$   Where, $a$ is a positive constant  Hi, guys can give me tips to solve this ? Should we use like u substitution?


Stack Overflow users have been using the "off topic - belongs on SoftwareEngineering.SE" close reason as an alternative to all the other close reasons. It'd be helpful if people actually read the FAQ and the six  before voting to migrate questions like:   , no redeeming value to favorite lists that become argumentative , "help my exact situation" questions are too localized , fails 5 out of the 6 guidelines , fails 4 out of 6 , too localized and too vague , too broad   Absent a reversal of the Stack Overflow community from viewing SoftwareEngineering.SE as the Stack Overflow cesspool, can the "off topic - belongs on SoftwareEngineering.SE" close reason be removed in favor of manual migration by moderators who can actually spend the 10 seconds to determine if the question should be closed outright first?    To say that SoftwareEngineering.SE is such a nebulous place and nobody knows what its scope is as the reason why crappy questions keep getting migrated there is to miss the point. Good questions are good questions on all of the sites, and questions that are too vague, that are too argumentative, too localized, and too broad are universal close reasons. There is no special dispensation for SoftwareEngineering.SE to have bad questions, even if you personally think the questions on there suck.  Even the six subjective guidelines for subjective questions are universal guidelines: they affect all sites. So even if you had no idea what the consequences of using the "off topic - belongs on SoftwareEngineering.SE" close reason were, there are still all of the other close reasons for which bad questions, like the ones above, can be closed.

Currently the migration path options from SO are:   Meta.SO Serverfault SuperUser Webmasters Programmers   If we are going to be limited to 5 options, shouldn't we periodically re-evaluate which sites are most appropriate?   (10k only) indicate that the top sites for the last 90 days are:   Superuser - 564 - 5% rejected ServerFault - 278 - 10% rejected Tex - 157 - 13% rejected DBA - 144 - 2% rejected Sharepoint - 127 - 1% rejected Programmers - 126 - 26% rejected CodeReview - 100 - 3% rejected Meta.SO - 81 - 18% rejected Wordpress - 75 - 14% rejected Webmasters - 58 - 8% rejected   All these migrations for sites out of the list required a flag and a moderator to process it.  This is just extra work for the mod team!  If we had the top 5 destinations by volume as the 5 options, we would have had a net savings of 160 flags to be processed.  I suspect we will actually see these numbers change quite a bit if it's easier for users to put questions in the appropriate spot without moderator intervention.  Can we have a review of the migration path list based on migration volume?  Think of the flags!


In technical literature as well as aircraft user interfaces where there is not enough space to write the whole word, the prefix "trans" is shortened to "x".  Transmit -> Xmit  Transfer -> Xfer  I am interested to know what is the origin of this. I am curious because "Ex" and "Trans" do not have a similar sound.

Why do people sometimes substitute x for letters in a word?   Examples:   Xing Xmas Xfr


How can I output a list of all installed packages with installation date and additional information?

I am trying to get package name with version, splitted package and version, vendor of that package, install time and date using:  dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}-${version} ${package} ${version} ${Maintainer} ${installtime}\n'   But I got package name with version, splitted package and version, vendor of that package. I was not able to retrieve install time and date.  How can I get package install time and date with the above query?


Previously, I have installed Windows 7 on my 320 GB laptop with three partitions 173, 84 and 63 GB each. The 63 GB partition was where the Windows was installed. The rest were for file containers.  Now I changed my OS to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I installed Ubuntu by replacing the entire Windows 7 on the 63 GB partition. The rest of the partitions remain as an NTFS Windows partition and I can still access them both (the 173 and 84 GB partitions).  Now I want to change the two partitions of Windows into an Ubuntu format partitions plus most importantly, I want to extend the 63 GB partition to more than a 100 GB because at the moment I am running out of disk space. Whenever I try to install any application, especially using wine, it always complains for a shortage of disk space.  How do I do the extending activity before I entirely format my laptop again and lose all the important files on my partitions?


I have installed standard ubuntu in a VM but it's running too slow. I would like to remove unity and install XFCE4 instead. I would also like to keep the extra applications like Libreoffice and so.   What is the best way to do this?  I've found this old  (for 12.04) and also this  which show different commands so I don't know what to do.

I use Ubuntu 12.04 (I have not upgraded to 14.04 for performance reasons) but I don't like Unity. How can I install XFCE as my default graphic system, and completely remove Unity?


In the excellent answer at , the identity $\log\left(1-\frac{2}{p}+\frac{1}{p^2}\right) +\log\left(1- \frac{1}{(p-1)^2} \right)=\log\left(1- \frac{2}{p} \right)$ was put forward as a starting point.  I thought I would try a similar thing for estimating $\prod_{3\lt p\le x}\left(1-\frac 3p\right)$ and thus use some identity which might be along the lines of  $$\log\left(1-\frac 3p\right)=\log\left(1-\frac 1p\right)+\log\left(1-\frac 2p\right)+\log\left(1-\frac 2{p-1}-\frac 2{p-2}\right)$$  but as I work with these quantities I realize that no identity will completely remove the factor $p-3$ from the results entirely.  In my search results I keep finding the same "Euler Product" and "Mertens' Theorem" pages on Wikipedia and Mathworld, but none of those pages has a $p-3$ factor listed that I have noticed, nor any suggestion as to how to approach the broader question.  I am not especially worried about the accuracy of the error term, as long as the error is not asymptotically as big as the rest of the result.  Are there known results that my primitive searches haven't found yet?  Are there any reference materials I could look at that might help me work out some of these bounds myself, or perhaps some simple observation that has a relatively large error term but simplifies the approach in general?

One of Mertens' Theorems states $$\prod_{p\le x}(1-\frac{1}{p})\sim \frac{e^{-\gamma}}{\ln(x)}.$$ I have seen a generalized version that states  $$\prod_{m<p\le x}(1-\frac{m}{p})\sim \frac{c(m)}{(\ln(x))^m},$$ where $m$ is a positive integer and $c(m)$ is a real number that depends on $m$. How can I derive this result? Is there a way to find what the values of $c(m)$ are? Thank you very much.


If big bang happened then the centre of the universe must be place of big bang.   Let the mass of whole universe be $M$ and mass of small planet or any Astro object be $m$. Then the Gravitational force between $M$ and $m$ be given by:- $$lim_{M\to\infty \, m\to0\, r\to\infty} \frac{G_\infty M m}{r^2}\left(1+\left(1+\frac{r}{\delta}\right)\alpha e^\frac{-r}{\delta}\right)$$  Where $\alpha$ and $\delta$ are constant.  Then according to the gravitational law ,, attraction force on $M$ and $m$ must be equal. Then the acceleration of $m$ will be infinitely high towards $M$ as compare to acceleration of $M$.  Then by this theory universe instead of expanding must be compressing and the shape of the universe must be sphere "if big bang theory is correct."  I want to know whether I'm Right or not.

TV documentaries invariably show the Big Bang as an exploding ball of fire expanding outwards. Did the Big Bang really explode outwards from a point like this? If not, what did happen?


I am feeding it raw cod AND raw salmon and it will not tame! I have tried 4 different ocelots and none of them will tame. When I hold the fish the ocelot says "feed" not "tame" and they are still ocelots, not cats...

I'm trying to make a cat house for my zoo on Minecraft. I have some untamed ocelots and I also want a few tamed ocelots. Fish only puts them in breeding mode.


The surviving Black Brother, Gared, from the prologue of A Game of Thrones is apparently the deserter who is beheaded in the beginning of the book.   But how did he manage to get to Winterfell from the other side of The Wall? Or did the show throw me off track and in the book there weren't any survivors, so the deserter is someone else?

In the first series of the TV show several things apparently bypass  to reach Winterfell:   The Night's Watch member  captured near Winterfell and executed by Ned. The Direwolf & her pups found immediately after the execution  and the other Wildlings travelling with her   If The Wall is approximately the same along its length it would presumably be impassible. Is the only option for them to go around the western end (since it stops at the Shadow Tower)? Is this clarified in the book? Are other methods mentioned in subsequent books?


As I usually just switch between windows that are already open, I don't see my desktop often so I'm not sure when this happened, but at some point somewhat recently everything on the desktop disappeared. I still have a desktop folder with all the files accounted for, but that's it. If I try to drag/drop anything to the desktop, it doesn't work. Things are visible if I switch to another DE.  I'm still a Linux newbie, though I managed to figure out how to switch to Nemo around the same time. Don't remember which I did first, but there was some time between switching file managers and the desktop breaking. How do I diagnose/repair this?

I don't much like the look of desktop icons, so I decided I wanted to disable them. I googled the issue, and everything that came up told me to hit alt+f2, type gconf-editor and hit enter to open the config. From there I could find the option to disable them. Well, Ubuntu told me this wasn't a valid command. Someone else suggested to try entering it into the terminal, I did and it didn't work but informed me I could enter   sudo apt install gconf-editor   to get it working.   I did, and after this when  I tried to enter gconf-editor in the alt+f2 menu, it did work. However, the configuration editor for me is very bare bones and does not contain much, including the option to disable dekstop icons spelled out in the other post:


In my form I have couple of 'select' fields, among others. Now, when I update form, I need to make some fields readonly. Since I can't disable fields because then I'll get no return value, I need to find a way how can I make 'Select' fields readonly. My idea is to somehow change field type to input/text, and then make that field readonly. Is that possible? Or is there a better way? What I use on text fields: document.getElementById('id_rn_number').readOnly = true;  And I can't use (on any field type): document.getElementById('id_report_division').disabled = true;

According to HTML specs, the select tag in HTML doesn't have a readonly attribute, only a disabled attribute. So if you want to keep the user from changing the dropdown, you have to use disabled.  The only problem is that disabled HTML form inputs don't get included in the POST / GET data.  What's the best way to emulate the readonly attribute for a select tag, and still get the POST data?


I would like to know how to upgrade from my current version of Ubuntu to the next stable from the Command line interface?

Recently I have installed an older version of Ubuntu on my old machine. Whenever I try to install any software, I get an error saying it couldn't be found:  $ sudo apt-get install vlc Reading package lists... Done                Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done     E: Couldn't find package vlc


I'm coming from Windows 10, although I've started (and accepted) the way Ubuntu works, their are still a few things that I love about Windows 10, the feature in question here is the way If I snap one windows to the extreme right side of display it takes up the right half portion of the display (which is also similar in ubuntu) but another app in background takes the left half of display and doesn't need to manually do that.    In this picture, if I snap the Browser windows to the right, Nautilus window wouldn't affect by the action, But I want it (nautilus window) to snap to left  Details   Ubuntu 17.04 Gnome flavour    Update  result of the fillscreen.py script    in first try fillscreen notification came (I couldn't capture that) and it moved the 2nd window (window in the right) in a box, and 1st window wasn't affected at all.    in second try, this offset was present, but it did work (and it mostly works)

I recently saw  to a great question, and I wondered, is this also possible on Ubuntu GNOME 15.10 with GNOME 3.18 and GDM, as well as on Compiz as the answer to that question shows?  But the keyboard shortcuts aren't so important for me, I just really want to be able to drag windows into the corners and have them automatically resize into those corners rather than on the sides when I release my mouse.


I'm creating a project where the person is supposed to respond and this randomizer is supposed to send a random response that would either be in the category of yes and no.

Assume I have the following list:  foo = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']   What is the simplest way to retrieve an item at random from this list?


I have an equation written in the following way  \usepackage{amsmath} .................  \[ f(x)= \begin{cases}  e^x, & x\in [-1,1], \\ [x], &  x\notin [-1,1]. \end{cases} \]   However, this leaves the equation with no number. Adding a \label{test} does not help. How do I fix that?

As much as I have tried, it doesn't seem possible to use separate labels when using a casesconstruction (from the amsmath package).  Ideally, I would like to be able to write something like  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \begin{document} \begin{equation} f(x)=\begin{cases}   1&x\geq0\label{positive}\\   0&x<0\label{negative} \end{cases} \end{equation} \end{document}   and later refer to both cases at different places. What would be the best way to achieve this result?


Just a practice question, however just wondering if this natural deduction  proof is correct? I have put brackets in 2.2 and not in 2.3 however this shouldn't make a difference?

Struggling with this proof, any strategies for natural deduction?  $¬(P \land Q) \vdash ¬P \lor ¬Q$


I want to create app for my website,I heard that IOS app development time is less than Android thats why I want to create android app.But I have not Mac,I want to learn swift and create IOS app.Is it possible on windows?(I heard that if I use virtual box to use mac it will be illegal thats why I think they will not allow me to put my app to appstore,is not it)?

Is there any way to tinker with the iPhone SDK on a Windows machine? Are there plans for an iPhone SDK version for Windows?  The only other way I can think of doing this is to run a Mac VM image on a VMWare server running on Windows, although I'm not too sure how legal this is.


I noticed an interesting result when playing around with mods. If I take all the residue classes of $n$ and multiply each of them by an integer $q$ such that $n$ and $q$ are coprime, then each residue class maps to a unique new residue class. For example, if $n=7$ and $q=3$ then the residue classes ${0,1,2,3,4,5,6}$ get mapped to ${(0\cdot3), (1\cdot3), (2\cdot3),(3\cdot3),(4\cdot3),(5\cdot3),(6\cdot3)}$ which in turn becomes ${0,3,6,2,5,1,4}$. This is simply a permutation of $0,1,2,3,4,5,6$ which are the residue classes we started with. In other words, is there a way to prove that when you multiply $\{0,1,2,\dots, (n-1)\}$ by $q$, no two products will be equivalent mod n?

Say we have two integers $n$ and $k$, such that $0 < k < n$ and $gcd(n, k) = 1$.  Why is it that if we take every integer $x\in\{0,\dots, n-1\}$ and compute $k\cdot x \ (mod \ n)$, we get as remainders all numbers from $0$ to $n-1$, with no repeats?  In other words, why is $\ f:\{0,\dots,n-1\}\rightarrow\{0,\dots,n-1\}$, $\ f(x)=k\cdot x\ (mod\ n)$ a bijection for $k,n\in\mathbb{N},\ gcd(k,n)=1$?


I've installed Windows Server 2012 Essentials R2 on my server. Then I've bought an OEM licence to add on this server.  I've tried to convert my trial to "full licenced" with my key, but the system always refuse my key :(  I've seen on Microsoft Web site that WS2012 Essentials trial can be converted to full version with the slmgr.vbs script, but it also refuses it !  I've also read somewhere that the server can't be a Domain Controller to be activated, but it seems that we can't remove the DC role on WS2012 Essentials R2 ?  Do someone have a trick ?  Regards  Edit : This is not a question about licensing, but a question about Activating a licence that I already own : The procedure given by microsoft gives me troubles, I ask for help about commands to make my server accepting my licence.

This is a  about Licensing.    Questions on licensing are off-topic on Server Fault.  If your question has been closed as a duplicate of this question, then this is because we want to help you understand why licence questions are off topic rather than just telling you "it just is". In all likelihood, this question will not address your question directly, it was not meant to.    I have a question regarding software licensing. Can the Server Fault community please help with the following:   How many licenses do I need? Is this licensing configuration valid? What CALs do I need to be properly licensed? Can I run this product in a virtual environment? Can I downgrade this product to an earlier version? Am I entitled to feature X with license Y?


Here's my code:   body {   background-color: brown;   display: block; } .domma { /*This part went wrong.*/   display: flex;   flex-direction: row;   justify-content: center;   align-items: center; } .grid {   display: grid;   grid-template: repeat(3, 1fr) / repeat(3, 1fr);   gap: 15px;   width: 500px;   height: 500px; } .grid div {   background-color: black;   color: white;   display: flex;   justify-content: center;   align-items: center; }

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     result:  I hope ".domma"(body) can center for vertical. Then I writtedalign-items: center;. But this is invalid. I don't know how to make it correct. I need help, please HELP ME! Thanks!!!!

I want to center a div vertically with CSS. I don't want tables or JavaScript, but only pure CSS. I found some solutions, but all of them are missing Internet Explorer 6 support.
Div to be aligned vertically
   How can I center a div vertically in all major browsers, including Internet Explorer 6?


May I please ask what does this mean. I submitted a manuscript to an Elsevier journal, for 5 weeks it had "with editor" status, now it has changed to "Submitted to Journal". What does this mean?

What steps does a manuscript typically go through from submission to publication (or rejection) in a typical journal? How are these steps referred to, in particular by editorial systems, and how long do they each typically take?  Note that this question is about the typical situation and hence not about:   Journals with an atypical workflow, e.g. those that allow for an instantaneous reviewer–author interaction. Exceptional steps or rare occurrences such as withdrawal or .   This is a canonical question on this topic as per . Due to its nature, it is rather broad and not exemplary for a regular question on this site. Please feel free to improve this question.


In response to  asking about how pgfplots boxplots can be produced without outliers, this  suggested a fix that does not seem to work anymore. (I am not the first to notice this as evidenced by a comment left below the answer.) The following MWE (taken from the answer):   \documentclass{article} \usepackage{pgfplots} \usepgfplotslibrary{statistics} \begin{document}  \makeatletter \pgfplotsset{     boxplot/hide outliers/.code={         \def\pgfplotsplothandlerboxplot@outlier{}%     } } \makeatother  \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[y=1cm, try min ticks=2] \addplot+[boxplot] table[row sep=\\,y index=0] { data\\ 1\\ 2\\ 1\\ 5\\ 4\\ 10\\ 7\\ 10\\ 9\\ 8\\ 9\\ 9\\ 21\\ }; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[y=1cm, try min ticks=2] \addplot+[boxplot, hide outliers] table[row sep=\\,y index=0] { data\\ 1\\ 2\\ 1\\ 5\\ 4\\ 10\\ 7\\ 10\\ 9\\ 8\\ 9\\ 9\\ 21\\ }; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   gives the following error:   ! Package pgfkeys Error: I do not know the key '/tikz/hide outliers' and I am g oing to ignore it. Perhaps you misspelled it.  See the pgfkeys package documentation for explanation. Type  H <return>  for immediate help.  ...                                                l.30 t       able[row sep=\\,y index=0] { ? x   (I'm using MacTeX 2019.) I have two questions:    How can this be fixed so I can remove the outliers?  How can I remove outliers but show extrema (minima/maxima)?

I am creating a boxplot with pgfplots, using the builtin statistics library. I load the input data from a table file.  \usepackage{pgfplots} \usepgfplotslibrary{statistics} ... \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[boxplot/draw direction=y]    \addplot+[boxplot] table[      col sep=tab,      x expr=\coordindex,      y=aColName] {aFileName}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}   Is it possible to draw the plot without outliers? Or hide them? I don't want to pre-calculate the boxplot values by hand.


I am trying to disable Transparent Huge Pages in my CentOS for HDP2.2 installation. I am using  for the reference but I am still getting the issue.  I tried to add this also:  Adding the following lines to /etc/rc.d/rc.local and restarted the machine.  echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag   And give execution rights to the file:  chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local   Reference from Hortonworks link  and   I have tried editing /etc/rc.local and restated the machine.  if    test -f /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag; then    echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/defrag  fi  if    test -f /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled; then    echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/redhat_transparent_hugepage/enabled  fi   When I do: cat /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled I get below message on console:  [always] madvise never   Can you please explain the exact meaning of this message.  I rebooted the machine and restarted the Ambari but ambari installation wizard is still saying thatTransparent Huge Pages is still enabled . I am new in it and looking for some help to resolve the issue.

We are installing SAP HANA in a RAID machine. As part of the installation step, it is mentioned that,   To disable the usage of transparent hugepages set the kernel settings   at runtime with echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled    So instead of runtime, if I wanted to make this a permanent change, should I add the above line inside /proc/vmstat file?


I performed a genetic algorithm that loops 10 times where each time I call the "FitnessFunction" function, I use a background worker to move an object on the topology and once it reach a specific point then I cancel that background worker and back to the "Genetic_Algorithm" function...  Unfortunately, I got the following error:  Cross-thread operation not valid: Control 'topology' accessed from a thread other than the thread it was created on...   What I have tried:  Run the background worker each time I call "FitnessFunction" function" which is responsible to stop it under a specific condition.

I have a scenario. (Windows Forms, C#, .NET)   There is a main form which hosts some user control. The user control does some heavy data operation, such that if I directly call the UserControl_Load method the UI become nonresponsive for the duration for load method execution. To overcome this I load data on different thread (trying to change existing code as little as I can)   I used a background worker thread which will be loading the data and when done will notify the application that it has done its work.   Now came a real problem. All the UI (main form and its child usercontrols) was created on the primary main thread. In the LOAD method of the usercontrol I'm fetching data based on the values of some control (like textbox) on userControl.    The pseudocode would look like this:  CODE 1  UserContrl1_LoadDataMethod() {     if (textbox1.text == "MyName") // This gives exception     {         //Load data corresponding to "MyName".         //Populate a globale variable List<string> which will be binded to grid at some later stage.     } }   The Exception it gave was     Cross-thread operation not valid: Control accessed from a thread other than the thread it was created on.   To know more about this I did some googling and a suggestion came up like using the following code  CODE 2  UserContrl1_LoadDataMethod() {     if (InvokeRequired) // Line #1     {         this.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(UserContrl1_LoadDataMethod));         return;     }      if (textbox1.text == "MyName") // Now it wont give an exception     {     //Load data correspondin to "MyName"         //Populate a globale variable List<string> which will be binded to grid at some later stage     } }   BUT BUT BUT... it seems I'm back to square one. The Application again  become nonresponsive. It seems to be due to the execution of line #1 if condition. The loading task is again done by the parent thread and not the third that I spawned.  I don't know whether I perceived this right or wrong. I'm new to threading.  How do I resolve this and also what is the effect of execution of Line#1 if block?  The situation is this: I want to load data into a global variable based on the value of a control. I don't want to change the value of a control from the child thread. I'm not going to do it ever from a child thread.   So only accessing the value so that the corresponding data can be fetched from the database.


If $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}a_{n}$$divergent, determine whether the series $$\sum_{n=1}^{+\infty}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{n}\right)a_{n}$$ is convergent or divergent.  I know I have to use the ratio test.

My question relates to Chapter 3, Exercise 8 in "Baby Rudin". It states: If $\sum_n a_n$ converges, and if $\{b_n\}$ is monotonic and bounded, prove that $\sum_n a_n b_n$ converges. My attempt would have been: Since $\{b_n\}$ is monotonic and bounded, $\{b_n\}$ converges and it exists $\inf \{b_n\}$ as well as $\sup \{b_n\}$. But then we have $$ \left| \sum_n a_n \inf \{b_n\} \right| \leq \left| \sum_n a_n b_n \right| \leq  \left| \sum_n a_n \sup \{b_n\} \right| \leq \max \left( \left| \sup \{b_n\} \right|, \left| \inf \{b_n \} \right| \right)\varepsilon \leq \tilde{\varepsilon} $$ since $\sum_n a_n$ converges and $\max \left( \left| \sup \{b_n\} \right|, \left| \inf \{b_n \} \right| \right)$ is a finite number. This would imply, by the comparison test, that $\sum_n a_n b_n$ converges as well. $\quad \Box$ But as there was a way longer, more rigorous proof chosen in this , I'm a bit suspicious that my proof is not complete. Am I missing something?  EDIT: Thanks everyone! @hermes: The last part of your proof gave me the following idea. As $\lim_{n \to \infty} b_n = c$ and $\{b_n\}$ is monotonic, couldn't we just set $b_n = c - c_n$ with a monotonically decreasing sequence $\{c_n\}$ which has $\lim_{n \to \infty} c_n = 0$. Then we have $$\sum_n a_n b_n = \underbrace{c \sum_n a_n}_{\text{converges by assumption}} - \underbrace{\sum_n a_n c_n}_{\text{converges by Theorem 3.42}} \leq \varepsilon_1 - \varepsilon_2 = \varepsilon $$ since  Theorem 3.42 Suppose  the partial sums of $\sum_n a_n$ form a bounded space $\quad \checkmark$ $c_0 \geq c_1 \geq c_2 \geq \dots \quad \checkmark$ $\lim_{n \to \infty} c_n = 0 \quad \checkmark$  Then $\sum_n a_n c_n$ converges.  Thus $\sum_n a_n b_n$ converges as well. $\quad \Box$ Now that should hold, I think. So I wouldn't need to go through all the estimates.


The question comes from “Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied” by Colin Adams and Robert Franzosa.  I have very little knowledge of set theory and proofs, so I'm not sure how to prove this. As always, I appreciate any help.  Some definitions from the textbook:  Let A be a subset of a topological space X. The interior of A, denoted Å or Int(A), is the union of all open sets contained in A. The closure of A, denoted Ā or Cl(A), is the intersection of all closed sets containing A.   ∂A = Cl(A) − Int(A)  ∂A = Cl(A) ∩ X – Int(A)  ∂A = Cl(A) ∩ Cl(X − A)  "Let A be a subset of a topological space X. Prove that ∂A ∪ Int(A) = Cl(A)"

Similar questions have been asked, but none with the given information. My textbook doesn't give me the fact that  $∂A = \text{Cl}(A) − \text{Int}(A)$. If that were the case, I could just state that definition and note that it's the intersection of closed sets.   I have very little knowledge of set theory and proofs, so I'm not sure how else to prove this. As always, I appreciate any help.  The question comes from “Introduction to Topology: Pure and Applied” by Colin Adams and Robert Franzosa.   "Let $A$ be a subset of a topological space $X$. Prove that $∂A$ is closed given  $∂A = \text{Cl}(A) − \text{Int}(A)$"


Trying to identify a story where:   A person (man/woman?) somehow contracts a pathogen that leans to communicate with him. The pathogen is something like an amoeba. the person is hunted by others trying to take or contain the pathogen. the pathogen is intelligent and can communicate with the person. they become an enhanced symbiotic organism, and use the skills to avoid capture.

Please help me identify this story.  I think it is a short story, not a novel but I could be wrong.  A scientist works on genetically engineering super intelligent cells.  He has some successes.  I don't recall the details but his research comes under scrutiny and the funding agency decides to end the experiment and destroy the test cells.  The scientist decides to save his intelligent cells by ingesting them.  The protagonist first comes down with a terrible illness.  From here on out, the writing is in the style of someone in and out of lucidity.  Essentially the cells are battling the scientist's immune system.  Eventually the intelligent cells win and begin re-engineering the human body for their needs.  Using the human body as a reservoir of resources, they expand, change the human body into more of an amoeba structure and eventually invade the city water supply through the protagonists kitchen sink.  At one point one of his colleagues checks on the scientist and the intelligent amoebas capture him/her (I think it's a her).  The implication is that the cells will eventually destroy the entire human race this way.


I just saw this on a GitHub account, but I have no idea what it means. How do I get one of these?

I logged into GitHub today and found something new I hadn't seen before:    What is this, and why did it begin to appear?


A sequence is defined by: $$a_{n+1}=a_n+\frac{1}{a_n}$$ With $a_1=1$  Is a closed-form expression for this sequence possible? A search turns up the rule that all expressions with linear recurrence and constant coefficients will definitely have a closed-form representation. But this is not a linear expression, since i's definition includes the reciprocal of the previous term.   If it is possible, what could it be?

Today, we had a math class, where we had to show, that $a_{100} > 14$ for  $$a_0 = 1;\qquad a_{n+1} = a_n + a_n^{-1}$$  Apart from this task, I asked myself: Is there a closed form for this sequence? Since I didn't find an answer by myself, can somebody tell me, whether such a closed form exists, and if yes what it is?