I was wondering if there is any benefit to using the inverse error function as opposed to the inverse normal in simulating normal random variates. Increased accuracy for probabilities way in the tails would be nice.   I was not able to find any information about this online so thanks!

In order to simulate a normal distribution from a set of uniform variables, there are several techniques:    The Box-Muller algorithm, in which one samples two independent uniform variates on $(0,1)$ and transforms them into two independent standard normal distributions via: $$ Z_0 = \sqrt{-2\text{ln}U_1}\text{cos}(2\pi U_0)\\ Z_1 = \sqrt{-2\text{ln}U_1}\text{sin}(2\pi U_0) $$ the CDF method, where one can equate the normal cdf $(F(Z))$ to a Uniform variate: $$ F(Z) = U $$ and derive  $$Z = F^{-1}(U)$$      My question is: which is computationally more efficient? I would think   its the latter method - but most of the papers I read use Box-Muller -   why?   Additional information:  The inverse of the normal CDF is know and given by:  $$F^{-1}(Z)\; =\; \sqrt2\;\operatorname{erf}^{-1}(2Z - 1), \quad Z\in(0,1).$$   Hence:  $$ Z = F^{-1}(U)\; =\; \sqrt2\;\operatorname{erf}^{-1}(2U - 1), \quad U\in(0,1).$$


Note: This is not a duplicate of "Exposure Triangle things". This is more related to Camera's auto settings i.e. Aperture and human's manual settings i.e. Shutter and ISO and their co-relation.    I am a previous user of Point and Shoot camera (Canon Powershot series) and recently shifted to canon EOS 80D. In Shutter Speed Priority Mode, we adjust Shutter and ISO and camera adjusts the Aperture. Higher the Shutter speed would require higher the ISO, otherwise, the picture would be darker.  I tried to set it in Live View, but sometimes Live View is not accurately understandable in some environments.  Is there a formula to quickly calculate ISO according to shutter speed we set?

I know digital cameras have ISO options, and that ISO is the camera's sensitivity to light, but if you set  higher ISO then you can get a noisy image. I also know there are two other camera options, shutter speed and aperture.   What is the relationship of between them? Is there any equation, or something like that?  For example, if I set the ISO to 640, then how should I set the shutter speed and aperture?


Imagine this situation:  You have a string, and called a funtion that recieves this string as parameter and change the value inside the funtion. The string value outside the function does not change, only change inside the function.  But if you do the same with a List<string> the List<string> content its modified outside the function.  Why this happen?  Look up this code for a repo:  using System; using System.Collections.Generic;  class Program {     static void Main()     {         List<string> list = new List<string>();         list.Add("1");         string text = "text";         ChangeSomethingInText(text);         Console.WriteLine(text);         ChangeSomethingInList(list);         foreach (var i in list)         {             Console.WriteLine(i);         }     }       public static void ChangeSomethingInText(string text)     {         text = "Text changed";     }      public static void ChangeSomethingInList(List<string> myList)     {          myList.Add("From change");     } }   This is the result: text is still "text", but list has a new element.    I tested it in C# with a string vs List and in  Java with a String vs an ArrayList with the same behavior.

I always thought Java uses pass-by-reference. However, I've seen a couple of blog posts (for example, ) that claim that it isn't (the blog post says that Java uses pass-by-value). I don't think I understand the distinction they're making. What is the explanation?


It's happened to me a two or three times in the past year that suddenly my browser is unable to open any web site.  Because it hasn't happened all that often, it usually takes me about 20 minutes to eliminate any kind of internet outage as a cause, at which point I notice that my browser is failing to connect to a proxy server.  I then open my internet settings and uncheck "use a proxy server" checkbox, which I never set in the first place!  I am the only user on my computer.  I am forced to the conclusion that some program running on my computer is unilaterally deciding that I should be using a proxy server - but what?  Are there any common culprits for this?  Any idea how to track this annoying behavior down?

I am running Windows 7 and a few times a day the "Use a proxy server for your LAN (These settings will not apply to dial-up of VPN connections)." under "Local Area Network (LAN) Settings" checkbox becomes checked seemingly on it's own.    Am I pressing some kind of hidden keyboard shortcut accidentally? What sort of applications might alter this setting and why?  Unfortunately as this is a developer box, there's a lot of stuff that could be interfering, e.g. Visual Studio 2010, Windows Azure SDK and various browsers.  Has anyone else come across this?


Is my proof of this correct? We will prove the contrapositive, that if $X$ is not compact there exists a continuous real valued function on $X$ that is unbounded. Since $X$ is not compact, there exists a sequence with no convergent subsequence. Consider such a sequence, $a_n$. Because $X$ is a metric space, $X$ is Hausdorff, and the sequence $a_n$ does not have an accumulation point lest it would have a convergent subsequence, so for each $a_n$ we can construct $B_{\epsilon_n}(a_n)$ such that each ball is disjoint. Now define $$f(x) = \begin{cases} 0 & x \not \in B_{\epsilon_n}(a_n)\\ n - n\frac{d(x, a_n)}{\epsilon_n} & x \in B_{\epsilon_n}(a_n)\\ \end{cases}$$ $f(x)$ is unbounded as $f(a_n) \rightarrow \infty$ as $n \rightarrow \infty$. $f(x)$ is also continuous by the pasting lemma as it is continuous on the closure of $\cup_{n=1}^{\infty} B_{\epsilon_n}(a_n)$ and the complement of $\cup_{n=1}^{\infty} B_{\epsilon_n}(a_n)$, which are both closed sets which union to $X$. Therefore $f(x)$ is continuous on $X$. So we have shown that if $X$ is not compact, there exists a continuous real valued function on $X$ that is unbounded, which is the contrapositive of the statement we were to prove.

Let $X$ be a metric space. Prove that if every continuous function $f: X \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is bounded, then $X$ is compact.  This has been asked before, but all the answers I have seen prove the contrapositive. Realistically, this may be the way to go, but is there way to exhibit an unbounded continuous function (under the assumption $X$ is not compact) without appealing to results beyond introductory real analysis (e.g., the solution I've seen involves the Tietze Extension theorem)?  Because we're working with metric spaces, it's clear that the assumption that $X$ is noncompact (towards proving contrapositive) will lead us to extract a sequence of points in the space with no convergent subsequences. But how can we infer the existence of an unbounded continuous on the space knowing only about some sequence of points in this space (without using anything too advanced)?


I wanted to make the image as sharepoint first header. Image should be set as background and the sharepoint name should be on top of it. There should be no quick links and the content should be displayed in the center.  Is it possible, quick response is much appreciated.   I have attached the example image.  In the above example - I need the header background as given here, and as you see there is no quick link or any ribbon menu option. I need the same as in image

I want to create the banner in sharepoint as shown below:


Can anybody help me to show that when $x\neq 1$  $$\large \sum_{i=0}^{n-1} i\, x^i = \frac{1-n\, x^{n-1}+(n-1)\,x^n}{(1-x)^2}$$

Given $$1\cdot 2^1 + 2\cdot 2^2 + 3\cdot 2^3 + 4\cdot 2^4 + \cdots + d \cdot 2^d = \sum_{r=1}^d r \cdot 2^r,$$ how can we infer to the following solution? $$2 (d-1) \cdot 2^d + 2. $$   Thank you


Suppose a question is asked, answered and accepted, then at some later date another duplicate question is asked, also answered and accepted, but no one picks up the duplication.  If the second question/answer is "better" (more votes for both question and answer), is it OK to close the first question as a duplicate, even though at the time it was posed it was a new question?  It seems OK to me, but there may be some etiquette aspect I'm not considering.

What's everyone's opinion on closing an older question as a duplicate of a newer one, if the newer one is clearly the better resource? I'm looking at a special case right now, where the two were posted by the same person; the  was migrated to SU before a commenter pointed out it was a . Is it considered good practice to close the older as a duplicate of the newer?  More generally, is it ok to do that for separate questions posted by different people, if the older question went unanswered but the newer has a good answer?  (I should probably mention I saw , but I think this is separate)


I looked around the site and  I couldn't seem to find a similar question. But, I came across this question: Let $f$ be analytic from the unit disc to the complex plane with the property that $|f(z)|\leq |f(z^2)|$ for all $z \in D.$ Show $f(z)$ is constant. I did a similar problem where we assume we $f(z)$ is an entire map and that  was straight forward since we could write $f(z) = c f(z^2),$and play around with the taylor coefficients. But now, I don't have any intuition for this problem. I want to use the maximum modulus theorem  but I can't apply it, since we are not continuous  on the closure. I also tried defining a few functions, such as the  difference of the two $f(z)-f(z^2),$ but I seem to be coming up short in either case. Am I missing something? Is there some trick I don't see?

Suppose $f$ is holomorphic in the unit disk $D=\{z: |z|<1\}$ and $|f(z)|\leq |f(z^2)|$ on $D$. Show that $f$ is a constant function.   My Try:  I wanted to use Strong Maximum Principle, but failed to prove that $f$ is bounded on $D$. I want to try this problem in my own. Can anybody please give me just a hint?


I've finally gotten ssh onto my phone, but having done so, I realize that some of my ancient hard-coded scripts are very specific to an 80x24 resolution.  I'm aware that $COLUMNS will give me my 80, and allow me to do some things, but I'd like to figure out where I can access the other dimension of the terminal I'm getting to look at.  I'd hate to have to hard-code a set for every terminal, phone, or other hardware I might use, but right now it's looking like that may be the best option.  My phone gives me 53x13 with ConnectBot (couldn't find a better solution?), in case anyone cares.

On DE we can resize terminal (gnome-terminal for example) for our convenience,how can I know the size of the terminal in terms of pixels or number of columns and rows?


Each of us is responsible for their conduct. or: Each of us are responsible for their conduct. Is this correct? Or I have to use the verb in plural?

You goes with are. Does the presence of each change this?  How satisfied are each of you with the time you've spent in your respective  universities. How satisfied is each of you with the time you've spent in your respective  universities


I am trying to solve this problem:      Let $ R_1,...,R_n$ be rings with identity. Every ideal of $R=\prod_{i=1}^n R_i$ is of the form $\prod_{i=1}^n I_i$  where $ I_i$ is an ideal of $R_i$.    The first part is clearly if $J$ an ideal of $R$ then $J\subset \prod_{i=1}^n I_i$, but i can complete the rest..any help..

$R$ and $S$ are two rings. Let $J$ be an ideal in $R\times S$. Then there are $I_{1}$, ideal of $R$, and $I_{2}$, ideal of $S$ such that $J=I_{1}\times I_{2}$.  For me it's obvious why $\left\{ r\in R\mid \left(r,s\right)\in J\text{ for some } s\in S\right\}$ is an ideal of $R$ (and the same for $S$) so I can prove $J$ is a subset of the product of two ideals and also that the product of these two ideals is an ideal. But I can't see how to prove equality without assuming existence of unity or commutativity. Trying basically to show that if $\left(r,s\right)\in J$ then also $\left(r,0\right),\left(0,s\right)\in J$. Thank you for your help!


If magnetic field is conservative, then why not the magnetic force?  My professor thinks it is non conservative but he couldn't explain to me why?

The magnetic part of the Lorentz force acts perpendicular to the charge's velocity, and consequently does zero work on it. Can we extrapolate this statement to say that such a nature of the force essentially makes its corresponding work independent of the choice of path, and hence that the magnetic force is conservative?


Why is the momentum wave function of a particle in a box equal to this expression?  Surely the Fourier transform of a sine wave amounts to two dirac deltas either side of zero. What is the cause of this additional complexity?

What is the value of momentum of particle in 1D box in state $\sin(10\pi x/a)$? My understanding Standing waves representing particle in 1D box is not an momentum eigenstate so if we measure the momentum of particle in this state we may get any value of momentum which gives a distribution whose expectation value tends to zero. Answer key In the answer key it's given that the value of momentum is 5h/a and -5h/a.If we measure the momentum for this state we may get any of these two values.But is this a wrong reasoning because if these was the case,these should mean that 5h/a and -5h/a are the eigenvalue of the following wavefunction which is clearly not. What is the correct answer?


In the book Pro HTML5 games there is a part that shows how to create 2 bodies in Box2dWeb. For example, a circle and a rectangle, one could do the following:   function createRectangularBody(){      var bodyDef = new b2BodyDef;      bodyDef.type = b2Body.b2_dynamicBody;      bodyDef.position.x = 40/scale;      bodyDef.position.y = 100/scale;      var fixtureDef = new b2FixtureDef;      fixtureDef.density = 1.0;      fixtureDef.friction = 0.5;      fixtureDef.restitution = 0.3;      fixtureDef.shape = new b2PolygonShape;      fixtureDef.shape.SetAsBox(30/scale,50/scale);      var body = world.CreateBody(bodyDef);      var fixture = body.CreateFixture(fixtureDef); }   And   function createCircularBody(){  var bodyDef = new b2BodyDef;  bodyDef.type = b2Body.b2_dynamicBody;  bodyDef.position.x = 130/scale;  bodyDef.position.y = 100/scale;  var fixtureDef = new b2FixtureDef;  fixtureDef.density = 1.0;  fixtureDef.friction = 0.5;  fixtureDef.restitution = 0.7;  fixtureDef.shape = new b2CircleShape(30/scale);  var body = world.CreateBody(bodyDef);  var fixture = body.CreateFixture(fixtureDef); }   To create the bodies, it is then called both functions:  createRectangularBody(); createCircularBody();   Afterwards, it is called a method that draws the bodies, so we have  createRectangularBody(); createCircularBody(); setupDebugDraw();//Draws the bodies defined by functions above   My questions is, inside both functions we have the same objects bodyDef and fixtureDef and then proceed to change attributes of these objects. After that, we pass both objects to the world.CreateBody() method and then store then in variable body and fixture. How come there is no conflict? Are the objects created treated as different since they are in different functions? I thought that the function declared after the other would modify the objects and the whole thing wouldn't work, but that wasn't the case.

What is the scope of variables in javascript? Do they have the same scope inside as opposed to outside a function? Or does it even matter? Also, where are the variables stored if they are defined globally?


There's so many tutorials online I'm royally confused. Most are way more complicated than I think I need here .. but I am looking for the easiest way to bend or curve a 50 x 20 x 2 inch "plank" into a U shape. Then I want to add subdivisions and smooth to slightly round all the edges. Any suggestions?

I'd like to curve my object, but I'm considering two options.  The first one is to make the object up with lots of vertices, like a sphere can be. The second is to apply some kind of modifier curve to a straight mesh, as I've understood there is such a possibility.  Here's an awesome pen drawing of what I'd like to achieve:    and here's my current even more awesome result:    Rather non-awesomely, they don't quite match. So if someone would kindly point me to the correct method to achieving a nice-looking solution with relatively low polygons, I'd be much enlightened


Prove that the $n$-th triangular number is:      $$T_n = \dfrac{n(n+1)}{2}$$   I did this:  Base case: $\frac{1(1+1)}{2}=1$, which is true.  Then I assumed that $T_k=\frac{k(k+1)}{2}$ is true.  $$T_{k+1} = \frac{(k+1)(k+1+1)}{2}$$  I'm not sure what to do next. What is this supposed to be equal to?

Apparently $1+2+3+4+\ldots+n = \dfrac{n\times(n+1)}2$.  How? What's the proof? Or maybe it is self apparent just looking at the above?   PS: This problem is known as "The sum of the first $n$ positive integers".


I have successfully installed Qtcreator 5.9.7 on Linux 18.04, checked by running example project. Now I am trying to run my old project, created on 5.7.1 on Desktop PC and getting the following error.  error: Unknown module(s) in QT: qml quickwidgets svg quick   Thanks in anticipation.

I want to build a Qt5 example on my desktop machine. I installed qt5-default and qtdeclarative5-dev, but I'm still getting this error:  Project ERROR: Unknown module(s) in QT: quick qml   Which package should be installed for compiling? In the Qt4 times it was simply libqt4-dev


I'm reading the book secrets of the js ninja, and very often I saw code like this  (function(){   something here;   })();   Why do we need to enclose the function within parentheses and why do we add one more pair of parentheses after that?

I'm new to both JavaScript and . In YUI library examples, you can find many uses of this construct:  (function() {     var Dom = YAHOO.util.Dom,     Event = YAHOO.util.Event,     layout = null,         ... })();   I think the last couple of parentheses are to execute the function just after the declaration.  ... But what about the previous set of parentheses surrounding the function declaration?  I think it is a matter of scope; that's to hide inside variables to outside functions and possibly global objects. Is it? More generally, what are the mechanics of those parentheses?


What is the best way to make use of an incense? I'm wondering about these details:   Do they lure actual pokemon in your vicinity to your location, as in do they move from where they are at toward you?   Can other people make use of your incense?   Does the area you are at affect the type of pokemon that are drawn to you? For example, if I'm in a Dratini nest or near water where there's lots of water pokemon, can I expect the incense to pull a lot of them to me?   Is it best to stay put or walk around when the incense is active?     Any other tips on how to make the best use of this?

The item "Incense" has the description:     Incense with a mysterious fragrance that lures wild Pokémon to your location for 30 minutes.   Does this mean that if I stay still, over the next 30 mins Pokémon will come to me, rather than me walking around to find them?


I have a problem with the  module and its filter/search functionality.  Via URL it is possible to search for specific keywords:  /biblio?f[search]=Smith%2C%20S.   would search the publications for Smith, S.  If I am logged into D7 as an admin, this works perfectly. But if I change to another user or log our completely, this is not working anymore and shows me:     No items found Modify or remove your filters and try again.   I tried to change some permissions, even gave user all the permissions an admin has (just for testing). And it works just, if I enable the ultimate permission:  Bypass content access control.   So obviously it is a permission issue. Any ideas, how to solve this issue?

How do I debug permissions in Drupal 7?  I use core reporting, error logs, devel module error logs, backtrace and node access permission block but sometimes it is not enough. What else should I check to find out why certain fields, views or blocks are not showing to a user?  I also found there is a  for reporting on permissions called  but it is not available for Drupal 7.  I am using various permission related third-party modules:   - devel node access 7.x-1.x-dev   - fast permissions administration 7.x-2.0  - organic groups access control 7.x-1.x   - profile2 group access 7.x-1.x-dev   - ur-node access 7.x-1.x-dev


I want to know what are the performance differences between a 8mb cache hard disk drive and 16mb. If i buy one should i prefer 16MB if yes then why?

These HDDs will be used mostly for backups and data-storage (pictures, movies) which aren't often read. The price difference is 1.5 Euros in the case of these two:   HDD Western Digital Caviar Green Power 500GB, 7200rpm, 32MB, SATA2 HDD Western Digital Caviar SE16 500GB, 7200rpm, 16MB, SATA2   The only difference is the buffer size (16MB vs. 32MB). Is the larger buffer size worth the extra money?


I'm working on an exercise which asks me to show that $$\mathsf{S}_m\times \mathbb{N}^m\to\mathbb{N}^m, \quad(\sigma,\alpha)\mapsto\sigma\cdot\alpha=(\alpha_{\sigma(1)},\dots,\alpha_{\sigma(m)})$$ defines a group action of the symmetric group $\mathsf{S}_m$ on $\mathbb{N}^m$. My issue is in verifying that $\sigma\cdot(\pi\cdot\alpha)=(\sigma\circ\pi)\cdot\alpha$. I've calculated $$\sigma\cdot(\pi\cdot\alpha)=\sigma\cdot(\alpha_{\pi(1)},\dots,\alpha_{\pi(m)}) =(\alpha_{\pi(\sigma(1))},\dots,\alpha_{\pi(\sigma(m))})$$ and $$(\sigma\circ\pi)\cdot\alpha=(\alpha_{\sigma(\pi(1))},\dots,\alpha_{\sigma(\pi(m))})$$ which don't seem to be equal. Where have I gone wrong? EDIT: I just found this post  which points out that the definition of the action is wrong. Apparently it should be $\sigma\cdot\alpha=(\alpha_{\sigma^{-1}(1)},\dots,\alpha_{\sigma^{-1}(m)})$. The computation is then as follows: $$\sigma\cdot(\pi\cdot\alpha)=\sigma\cdot(\alpha_{\pi^{-1}(1)},\dots,\alpha_{\pi^{-1}(m)}) =(\alpha_{\pi^{-1}(\sigma^{-1}(1))},\dots,\alpha_{\pi^{-1}(\sigma^{-1}(m))})$$ and $$(\sigma\circ\pi)\cdot\alpha=(\alpha_{(\sigma\circ\pi)^{-1}(1)},\dots,\alpha_{(\sigma\circ\pi)^{-1}(m)})=(\alpha_{\pi^{-1}(\sigma^{-1}(1))},\dots,\alpha_{\pi^{-1}(\sigma^{-1}(m))})$$

This is an exercise from textbook Analysis I by Amann/Escher.  Let $G$ be a group and $X$ a nonempty set. Then $G$ acts (from the left) on $X$ if there is a function $$G \times X \rightarrow X, \quad(g, x) \mapsto g \cdot x$$ such that: GA1: $e \cdot x=x$ for all $x \in X$. GA2: $g \cdot(h \cdot x)=(g h) \cdot x$ for all $g, h \in G$ and $x \in X$. Let $\mathrm{S}_{m}$ be the set of all permutations of $\{1,2,\cdots,m\}$. Then $(\mathrm{S}_{m},\circ)$ is a group where $\circ$ is function composition operation. Show that $$\mathrm{S}_{m} \times \mathbb{N}^{m} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}^{m}, \quad(\sigma, \alpha) \mapsto \sigma \cdot \alpha := \left(\alpha_{\sigma(1)}, \ldots, \alpha_{\sigma(m)}\right)$$ defines an action of $\mathrm{S}_{m}$ on $\mathbb{N}^{m}$.  I am stuck at proving the GA2, i.e. $\pi \cdot (\sigma \cdot \alpha) = (\pi \circ \sigma) \cdot \alpha$.  My attempt: Clearly, $\operatorname{id}$ is the identity element of $\mathrm{S}_{m}$ and $\sigma \cdot \alpha = \alpha \circ \sigma$. Because $\operatorname{id} \cdot \alpha = \left(\alpha_{\operatorname{id}(1)}, \ldots, \alpha_{\operatorname{id}(m)}\right) = \left(\alpha_1,\cdots,\alpha_m\right) = \alpha$, GA1 follows. For $\pi,\sigma \in \mathrm{S}_{m}$ and $\alpha \in \mathbb{N}^{m}$, we have $$\pi \cdot (\sigma \cdot \alpha) = (\alpha \circ \sigma) \circ \pi = \alpha \circ (\sigma \circ \pi) = (\sigma \circ \pi) \cdot \alpha$$  It is clear that $\sigma \circ \pi = \pi \circ \sigma$ if and only if $(\mathrm{S}_{m},\circ)$ is Abelian, which is not true in general. Please help me figure out where I am wrong!


Is there any way to use tikzsetnextfilename for filenames with spaces?  \documentclass{standalone} \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{compat=newest} \usepgfplotslibrary{external} \tikzexternalize[shell escape=-enable-write18,prefix=external/]  \begin{document}  \tikzsetnextfilename{Filename with space} \begin{tikzpicture}     \draw (0,0) -- (4,0) -- (4,4) -- (0,4) -- (0,0);     \draw (2,2) circle (2cm); \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   The above program is just a simple example. In actual case, I have a large number of plots in my latex document. I would like to externalize the plots by setting their filenames as figure titles. Since the titles can have spaces in them, is it possible to use \tikzsetnextfilename for filenames with spaces, or is there any other way?

I have a tex file with name Chap-Name_of_Section.tex and I running pdflatex on it. I want to set the title of my document automatically according to the file name. This could be done using \jobname.  Here is my MWE. Save this file as Chap-Name_of_Section.tex,  \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{a4wide}  \title{\textbf{\jobname}} \author{} \date{}  \begin{document} \maketitle The name of the tex file is {\tt{Chap-Name\_of\_Section.tex}}. I am running {\verb|pdflatex|} on the tex file. After using {\verb|\jobname|} I get the title.  I want to print the title as ``Chap: Name of Section''. Note that `-' sign is to be replaced by `:' followed by a single space and underscores (`\_') are to be replaced by spaces. \end{document}   But This is not what I want. I want to print the title as Chap: Name of Section. Note that - sign is to be replaced by : followed by a single space and underscores _ are to be replaced by spaces.  I have found \StrSubstitute from the xstring package. But this can change only one character. For example, if I replace \jobname with \StrSubstitute[0]{\jobname}{-}{: } in my code, the title would be, Chap: Name_of_Section.  How to replace both - and _ accordingly ?


What do you call a word that is the result of merging two words together?  For example, Maroon + Tuna = Marona, or Crab + Apple = Crapple, or Choking + Holding = Chokehold   The word I am looking for is not "nick name" The word I am looking for is not acronym e.g. Laser as "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation"

Two very well established examples I can think of are:    (i.e. Guess + Estimate)  (i.e. Chill + Relax)   I guess I am meaning the process where two words are artificially combined into one, rather than when two words are combined to describe a new concept or item (e.g. Hatstand or lamppost). I suppose the distinction is blurry, but is there a word nonetheless?


I had a problem with the ubuntu on my pc. it suddenly stopped booting by start up. I made a portable ubuntu and now I am operating from usb drive. my question is how can I have access to the data on my hard disk while operating from the ubuntu portable copy. thanks

I am trying to mount my ext4 (sdc6) partition from a live usb because that's how I deleted two unused partitions left from a prior install of ubuntu, using GParted. The swap is mounted. However, I can't edit fstab, or find anywhere to click in nautilus to mount sdc6. In the terminal, I get the error: "can't find /dev/sdc6 in fstab". I'm afraid to exit the usb and update grub if that partition isn't mounted. Is there any easy way to do this, or do I have to install gksu or some other editor? Or do I need to mount it as sda6?  Device     Boot Start     End Sectors  Size Id Type /dev/sda1  *     2048 3905535 3903488  1.9G  b W95 FAT32  Device     Boot     Start        End   Sectors   Size Id Type /dev/sdc1            2048   29362175  29360128    14G 27 Hidden NTFS WinRE /dev/sdc2  *     29362176   29566975    204800   100M  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sdc3        29566976  487023432 457456457 218.1G  7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sdc4       487024638 1250263039 763238402   364G  5 Extended /dev/sdc5       728393728  740290559  11896832   5.7G 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdc6       487024640  728391679 241367040 115.1G 83 Linux  Partition table entries are not in disk order.


What command do I use to do map algebra on rasters from the QGIS python console?

How can I execute from the console an expression that should be used with the raster calculator?  I'm searching for something like this:  qgis.someRasterCalcClass.evaluate("boh@1 + boh@2", "outputfile.tif")


On an exam we were asked to prove the sequence converges and find the value of: $$\lim_{n\to \infty}a_n = n(2^{1/n}-1)$$  On the test I tried every common convergence test we learned, to no avail.  Monotone and bounded, pinch theorem, n-th root, ratio test, and so on.  Does anyone have any idea how to solve this?  Thanks

How do you prove $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty} n(2^{1/n} - 1) = \log 2$ ?  Background: in computer science, if you allocate CPU time to $n$ processes by , all the processes get sufficient amount of time when the quantity $U$ called CPU utilization is less than or equal to $n(2^{1/n} - 1)$.  It is monotonously decreasing and tends to $\log 2$ when $n\rightarrow\infty$, so if $U \le \log 2$, you can be sure all the processes will be given sufficient CPU time.


I just had my first math class in the university, and I understood everything pretty well, but I think I have misread this one because I read that the result is $-1$. Thanks for your answers!

How can I show $i^{-1} = -i$, where $i$ is the imaginary unit?  Here's what I've tried: $i^{-1} = (-1)^{-1/2} = \dots ?$


I have just started coding in c++.  I wrote a code for reverse a string . I get null results.  void main () {     string str1="abcde";string rev="";     int n=str1.size();     for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--)     {         rev += str1[i];     } printf("%s \n", rev); }   Could anyone please tell me.

How do you reverse a string in C or C++ without requiring a separate buffer to hold the reversed string?


I have Plesk 12.5 installed, and it allows you to install multiple versions of PHP to be selectable within hosting spaces (domains), but the issue I've having right now is that the php that is being used by the server during SSH commands is much older, and I really need to update it.  Is there a clear way of doing so? Can I use one of the versions that Plesk installed?

I've got problems with installing PHP 5.5.13 (last stable build) on a CentOS 6.5 (64 bit) machine, through yum.   It is not a part of the CentOS, EPEL or REMI repos as far as I can see. I get 5.4.29 with either of those repositories.


I am developing code in python that should compare the date of the files in the folder to the current date. But I Can't get dates of the files can you help me ?

I have a script that needs to do some stuff based on file creation & modification dates but has to run on Linux & Windows.  What's the best cross-platform way to get file creation & modification date/times in Python?


1). I have no choice but to run away. 2). I have no choice but running away.  Which one is correct and Why ?  If both are correct, What is the difference in meaning between these two sentences?

Is there a rule for using gerunds and infinitives instead of memorizing the verbs? I mean when to use gerund or infinitive just by looking at the sentence.


Can any one help me out? I am receiving upvotes on my answers and questions but reputation is not getting added.  Please have a look at the below imags:        Is there any limitation that I am not aware of?

I've found some questions and those two badges "Epic" and "Legendary" regarding the "daily reputation cap". What is it and how can I hit it?


Sounds like after the Interstellar movie, ppl are talking much more about time slowing down near a black hole, instead of traveling close to the speed of light.    My personal hobbyist experience was always that in order to slowdown a clock one would have to travel close to the speed of light, nothing to do with super massive gravity pulls.  But recently I have been hearing a lot more about gravity slowing down time.    So it sounds like if one was to travel near the speed of light in a environment of micro gravity, or if one could just stand still near a super massive black whole, it would have the same affect.  Which one is right or better, why are both of these hypothesis correct?

Is gravitational time dilation caused by gravity, or is it an effect of the inertial force caused by gravity?    Is gravitational time dilation fundamentally different from time dilation due to acceleration, are they the same but examples of different configurations?    Could you recreate the same kind of time dilation without gravity using centrifugal force?


What do the complex solutions of $(z+i)^{2011}=z^{2011}$ lie on?   Hyperbola Ellipse Straight line Circle  I do not know how to approach it.

Problem: Without solving the equation, show that all nine roots of $(𝑧 − 1)^{10} = 𝑧^{10}$ lie on the line $Re(𝑧) = \frac{1}{2}$. I would like to say I tried something but I am actually clueless. I was thinking maybe I could use De Moivre's theorem but I am not sure how. Any hint would be appreciated.


I'm using a query with merge that works fine if all columns in the ON clause have a value but WHEN MATCHED omits if there's a NULL mark in one of the columns:  MERGE PEPS AS peps USING (Lots of Cols..        FROM PEPS_temp)  AS temp (Lots of Cols..)  ON peps.[Name] = temp.[Name] AND     peps.[LastName] = temp.[LastName] AND     peps.[TypeEntity] = temp.[TypeEntity] AND    peps.[Source] = temp.[Source] WHEN MATCHED THEN UPDATE SET peps.[Category] = temp.[Category]  WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN INSERT (Lots of Cols..) VALUES (temp.[Col], temp.[Col], temp[Col]....)   Case: I have target table that I update manually first its Category column so I set Category='EX BLOCKED' the source table is the updated list so the clause WHEN MATCHED is supposed to update the Category column to 'BLOCKED' if it exists in the source table, if not WHEN NOT MATCHED inserts the new rows that do not exist.  Query runs successfully and when checking the lists I detect duplicates:  ;WITH Duplicados      AS (Select ROW_NUMBER() OVER  (PARTITION BY Name, LastName, TypeEntity, Source ORDER BY ( SELECT 0)) RowNum, Name, LastName, TypeEntity, Source          FROM [PEPS]) SELECT * FROM Duplicados WHERE  RowNum > 1 AND Source='OFAC SDN';   All the duplicate rows contain NULL marks in at least one of the columns of the ON clause.  Example:

I am always puzzled regarding some mysterious t-sql behavior, like the following  -- Create table t and insert values.   use tempdb CREATE TABLE dbo.t (a INT NULL);   -- insert 3 values INSERT INTO dbo.t values (NULL),(0),(1);   GO   set ansi_nulls off -- purposely turn off, so we can allow NULL comparison, such as null = null go -- expect 3 rows returned but only 2 returned (without null value row) select * from dbo.t where a = a    This is not about how to retrieve all rows in a table and also not about avoiding use of ANSI_NULLS.   I just want to solicit some insights why t-sql behaves like this.


I have I bibliography where I have Author, Title and I want to provide an external link . I use BibTeX and I make an entry like this:  @misc{DLVS,     author    = "KDnuggets",     title     = "Data lake vs Data warehouses: Key differences",     note      = {\url{https://www.kdnuggets.com/2015/09/data-lake-vs-data-warehouse-key-differences.html}} }   but my bibliography is formatted like this    which is far from optimal. Is there a way to improve the formatting? For example how can we avoid the big gaps and split the url in two lines? Any suggestion is appreciated.

This question led to a new package:      I wish to typeset some relatively long URLs in a piece of text, and when I use \url{..}, the resulting text does not respect the margin boundaries that govern the main text body, instead going all the way to the edge of the paper before wrapping around.   For reference, my preamble looks like this:  \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage{mathptmx} \usepackage{fullpage} \usepackage[pdftex]{hyperref}   and example of the url I'm including is:  \begin{itemize} \item Some text  \url{very-long-url} ... \end{itemize}   I'm compiling using pdflatex, although I doubt this makes a difference.


is there any way to solve the following problem with a quadratic objective and a second-order cone constraint in closed form? $$\min_{x\in\mathbb{R}^d} (x-x_0)^TA(x-x_0) \\\text{subject to } \sqrt{x^T\Sigma x} + \mu^\top x\leq 0 $$ with $\Sigma$ and $A$ Positive Semi-Definite matrices and $x_0,\mu \in \mathbb{R}^d$.

Given the vectors $x_0, \theta \in \mathbb{R}^n$, $\varepsilon\in \mathbb{R}^+$, and symmetric positive definite matrices $A, \Sigma\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$, how the following optimization problem can be solved (possibly in closed form)? $$\begin{array}{ll} \underset{x \in \mathbb{R}^n}{\text{minimize}} & (x - x_0)^\top A (x - x_0)\\ \text{subject to} & \sqrt{x^\top \Sigma x} + x^\top \theta \leq \varepsilon\end{array}$$ What I tried: First, note that the problem is convex since both the objective is convex in $x$, and the constraint defines a convex set in $x$. Write the Lagrangian of the problem as $$L(x,\lambda) = (x-x_0)^\top A (x-x_0) + \lambda (\sqrt{x^\top \Sigma x} + x^\top \theta  - \varepsilon). $$ The KKT conditions for this problem leads to the system: $$ \begin{cases} A (x-x_0) + \lambda \left(\frac{\Sigma x}{\sqrt{x^\top\Sigma x}}+ \theta \right) = 0 \\ \lambda\left(\sqrt{x^\top \Sigma x} + x^\top \theta  - \varepsilon \right) = 0 \\ \sqrt{x^\top \Sigma x} + x^\top \theta  - \varepsilon \leq 0\\\lambda\geq 0 \end{cases} $$ However, the solution of this system gets complicated in my calculation and I am not able to find a closed-form solution. Any suggestion?


I am trying to find the index of an list entry using this simple method:  #!/bin/sh  partList="500 1000 2000 4000" a=( $partList ) echo ${a["500"]}   this returns Syntax error: "(" unexpected. And the same error if I try echo ${a[500]}. Where I was hoping it would return 0 if using 500.  I am simply looking for a quick and dirty way to tell, when am looping over a list as so:   for j in $partList; do    if [ $j is the first entry in the list $partList ]; then      stuff happens..    done  done   whether or not I have used the first element of that list and if so then do some logic.  I thought I could do this easily using the index of the list. But this appears difficult with #!/bin/sh.  Any suggestions?

I am trying to use arrays in Bourne shell (/bin/sh). I found that the way to initialize array elements is:  arr=(1 2 3)   But it is encountering an error:  syntax error at line 8: `arr=' unexpected   Now the post where I found this syntax says it is for bash, but I could not find any separate syntax for Bourne shell. Does the syntax stand the same for /bin/sh as well?


Suppose we have an ODI match between Team A and Team B. Team B batted first and scored 300 / 6 in 50 overs. After 49.5 overs, Team A reaches 300 / 9. Player X, who is on strike, is on 98. He wants to complete his century. In the following situation, what happens:   A legal ball is bowled, and the the batsman hits it straight to a fielder at long on. Both the batsmen start running and complete a run. Player X turns back for another run. His partner is busy celebrating their win and does not turn back. The fielder throws the ball towards the bowler's end. Player X, seeing that his partner is not turning back, tries to return back. It's a direct hit, and Player X is out.   The score is now 301 / 10, and Team A has won, but by how many wickets? 0?

Say, teamA score is 368 (369 to win), and teamB is batting at 368 (or 366). One run (or 3 runs) will make them win. The batsman hits the ball for a six, so score is 374 (or 372) which is more than the required 369. Even then the runs are counted for the team and for the batsman.  Now, on the last ball, suppose the batsman did not hit a six, but ran for a single : teamB will win. Can the batsmen continue to run until the ball is dead ?  Why will they want this ? (A) If batsman is at 98 and wants to reach a century. (B) If batsman has a career total of 9998 and wants to reach 1000 runs. (C) If the batsman has a very high record strike rate, and wants to remain at that record strike rate. (D) In the championship, this is the last quarterfinal, & even winning will put teamB equal to teamC, and the better runrate at the end of the quarterfinals will enable them to move to the semifinals. (E) Many similar situations can happen.  So coming back to the question : Do the laws of cricket allow running on the last ball, even after winning ?  In most of the matches I have seen, after winning, the batsmen do not even look where the ball is and start celebrating the win. If the rules did not allow them to run more, then fine. If the rules did allow it, then has there been any game where they did run more ?


It's simplier to show what I'd like to do

How do I put big brackets under different parts of an equation so that I can write, e.g., text specific to these parts? For example: f =  x^3 +  2     |___|  |__|        |     |    text 1  text 2


I want to be able to reference the same worlds from my Windows 10 Machine and my Android Devices.  I want to be able to play on my Computer in worlds:   A1 B5 B6   and be able to log off and go mobile in the Android App on the fly in the same set of worlds.   A1 B5 B6   Realms doesn't let you do this, Realms forces you to have one world online at a time, all the time.  I am looking to find a way to share a common folder for worlds in the cloud so I don't have to move them anywhere when I switch devices.  Is there a way to set the game so that it saves and loads from a cloud folder like Google Drive?    Regarding the linked  raised as a duplicate:   That question focuses on moving one world from one platform to the next (and maybe back again). I am looking to find a way to share a common folder for world's in the cloud, so I don't have to move them anywhere. Hands off I can play any of my 10 world's on either platform, PC or Android.

I have read that with the new "Better Together Update" (BTU) it is now possible to .  However, I am having trouble finding details of how this is supposed to work to determine if it would do what I am hoping it would and therefore whether it is worth my time/money.  I have some saved worlds on Minecraft for XBox One, all done in creative mode.  I am able to import them into what is now just called "Minecraft" which as of the BTU is what is being used to mean the cross-platform version.   Can I now play this same world on my Windows 10 PC?   If I go to the Minecraft web site it offers to sell me the "Java Edition" with the addendum "includes edition for Windows 10".   But from what I have read, anything that has the word "edition" in it isn't the cross platform version.   It's very unclear to me what I would actually be buying here.  If it is possible to open the same world on different platforms, exactly how would I go about doing this?  On the XBox I have to sign in with an outlook.com e-mail address to access my worlds, or my kids' sign-ins to access their worlds, is it the same from the PC? And where would my world be saved?   I have read that XBox saves will be in the cloud, but PC saves will be local, so how can I get a cloud save onto my PC?  And then how can I get it back to the cloud when I am done so I can play it on the console again?  Will there be two copies floating around, making it possible for me to make a backup on my PC?  How will this interact with world editors?  At some point will I be able to start a game on XBox, transfer it to the PC, open it in a world editor, make some changes, and then transfer it back to the XBox?


I have defeated the Thalmor on the ship and gotten the map for the quest "A New Source of Stahlrim," but when I try to take the map back to Baldor, it won't let me talk to him.  Instead, he just does the normal NPC dialogue thing, where he says random things and doesn't let you actually tell him anything.  Why does it do this, and how can I fix it?  I am tired of going into my inventory to drop or store things I don't need and trying to drop the map and not being able to!

What can I do to keep Baldor Iron-Shaper from repeating "Terrible times" rather than advancing me to the next stage in the quest?


I have an XML File for an API. The API responses everytime "Errormesage: Expected argument of type "string", "array" given".   $SimpleXML_loaded_File = simplexml_load_file("http://graphics.edc-internet.nl/b2b_feed.php?key=tc62te28wt3e2t73ctr9c1cw42601337&sort=xml&type=xml&lang=de");  foreach ($SimpleXML_loaded_File->product as $product) {    /*$client->post('articles', array(       'name' => $product->titel,       'taxId' => 1,       'supplier' => $product->merk,       'mainDetail' => array(           'number' => $product->artikelnummer       )   ));*/  echo "<pre>"; var_dump($product->artikelnummer); echo "</pre>";  }   If i var_dump the Output i dont get a string i`m getting the object  object(SimpleXMLElement)#6 (1) {   [0]=>   string(7) "0633178" }   How do i get only the string ?

Let's say I have some XML like this  <channel>   <item>     <title>This is title 1</title>   </item> </channel>   The code below does what I want in that it outputs the title as a string  $xml = simplexml_load_string($xmlstring); echo $xml->channel->item->title;   Here's my problem.  The code below doesn't treat the title as a string in that context so I end up with a SimpleXML object in the array instead of a string.  $foo = array( $xml->channel->item->title );   I've been working around it like this  $foo = array( sprintf("%s",$xml->channel->item->title) );   but that seems ugly.  What's the best way to force a SimpleXML object to a string, regardless of context?


I recently earned the  badge for deleting one of my posts with a score of -3 or lower.  That got me thinking. The peer pressure badge is . What would happen if I undeleted my negative post? Would the peer pressure badge be revoked from my account? If it was revoked, could you re-earn the badge by deleting the post again?

What are badges? How do users get badges? How can users get tag badges? Can badges be lost/revoked/taken away after they are awarded? If so, how and when? How can I suggest a new badge?   For more information, see "" and the  in the .


Can some please help me to solve this problem. when I try to print getCorrectAnswer  it is printing null. how can I getCorrectAnswer to print the correctAnswer  thanks.  public class Test1 {      private String correctAnswer;      public String getCorrectAnswer() {         return correctAnswer;     }      public void setUpCorrectAnswer() {         if (1 == 1) {             correctAnswer = "a";         } else {             correctAnswer = "d";         }     }      public static void main(String[] args) {         Test1 a = new Test1();         System.out.println(" Answer " + a.getCorrectAnswer());     } }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I am analyzing a survey result. I have 2 factors 1) a trainer factor 2) a participant benefited factor. These 2 factors are compared against a training rating and correlation is calculated. can i compare the (r)s? i.e., (r) of trainer factor to rating and (r) of participant factor to rating

Since a few days I do not get ahead when trying to compare two Pearson correlation coefficients. Imagine that I've got two datasets where on each I do a correlation between Land Surface Temperature and an urban metric. The datasets are different in their length, so the first one has round about 160.000 observables and the second one has about 2400 observables. For the correlation on the first dataset I get a Pearson of -0.74 and for the second I get -0.885. Now I want to find out whether these coefficients are significantly different from each other. Is there any appropriate method you could suggest?  I already played around with the Fisher-Z-Transformation, but from my point of view with no purposeful results. When I calculate the Fisher-Z on my coefficients, it results in 20.95 (Fisher-Z).  I would be very happy about suitable advices.


I dont have a picture right now but I want to put an image over a sphere but I have no idea how, can any one show me how? thanks a plenty! :-)

I want to put a 2D image on a 3D object in Blender. How do I do that?  I have found the "textures" tab in the "properties" window, but I can't figure out what to do with it.  Preferably, I would like to click and drag an image off my desktop right onto the object.


I would like to use multiple textures to paint both sides of a mirror modifier. The idea is to paint one side of the mirror modifier, and duplicate it with the text flipped.  The problem is that when I apply my mirror modifier, the texture is still mirrored with no indication of where the other half of the texture is getting its data from.  How can I use two different images to texture the object? Is there a better way, such as mirroring the entire object EXCEPT for the text? If so, how would that be done?

So I want to texture clothing for example that I created using the mirror modifier. But I want the 2 sides of the clothing piece to have individual designs for instance but it is not possible since the original and the mirrored surfaces use the same UV-coordinates. How can I change that?


I am fairly new to programming and really new to programming in Python. And I have made a countdown timer for fun to try to learn programming. It looks like this:  I need help with to play an audio file when the counter is at zero. For example, when the 1 min button has been pressed, it needs to play an audio file when it reaches zero. The same goes for the other buttons. I don't know how to play audio in Python, and how to connect in a way so it plays when the program meets the requirement of the counter = "00:00:00". Here is my entire code: import tkinter as tk def update(seconds):     global after     if seconds >= 0:         countdown.set(seconds_to_time(seconds))         after = root.after(1000, lambda: update(seconds - 1))     else:         root.after_cancel(after)  def seconds_to_time(seconds):     hours = seconds // 3600     seconds -= hours * 3600     minutes = seconds // 60     seconds -= minutes * 60     return f'{hours:02d}:{minutes:02d}:{seconds:02d}'  def stop():     try:         root.after_cancel(after)     except NameError:         pass  #GUI root = tk.Tk() root.title("Tequila timer")  #Load of background with the tequila bottle canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=423, height=700) canvas.pack() Load = tk.PhotoImage(file="Flaske.png") canvas.create_image(211, 350, image=Load)  countdown = tk.StringVar() countdown.set("00:00:00")  #buttons btn_10sek = tk.Button(root, text="10 sekunder", width=10, height=5, command=lambda:  update(10)) btn_10sek_v = canvas.create_window(140, 300, window=btn_10sek)  btn_1min = tk.Button(root, text="1 min", width=10, height=5, command=lambda:  update(60)) btn_1min_v = canvas.create_window(283, 300, window=btn_1min)  btn_10min = tk.Button(root, text="10 min", width=10, height=5, command=lambda:  update(60 * 10)) bt1_10min_v = canvas.create_window(140, 425, window=btn_10min)  btn_1time = tk.Button(root, text="1 time", width=10, height=5, command=lambda:  update(3600)) bt1_1time_v = canvas.create_window(283, 425, window=btn_1time)  btn_2timer = tk.Button(root, text="2 timer", width=10, height=5, command=lambda:  update(7200)) bt1_2timer_v = canvas.create_window(140, 550, window=btn_2timer)  btn_stop = tk.Button(root, text="Stop tiden", width=10, height=5, command=stop) bt1_stop_v = canvas.create_window(283, 550, window=btn_stop)  btn_luk = tk.Button(root, text="Luk ned", width=12, height=3, command=root.quit) bt1_luk_v = canvas.create_window(211, 635, window=btn_luk)  #Display label = tk.Label(root, textvariable=countdown, width=9, font=("arial black", 40, "bold"), fg="red") label.pack() label_v = canvas.create_window(211, 165, window=label)  #Overskrift over = tk.Label(root, text="Tequila timer", font=("arial black", 40, "bold"), fg="red") over.pack() over_v = canvas.create_window(211, 30, window=over)  root.mainloop()  Update!!! I figured it out. I used the simpleaudio library and made a if statement that said seconds < 0. What this does is that when the counter is done with counting down to zero, it plays the audio file because seconds is now below 0. I added into my time_function which is called "update(seconds", so it looks like this: def update(seconds):     global after     if seconds >= 0:         countdown.set(seconds_to_time(seconds))         after = root.after(1000, lambda: update(seconds - 1))     else:         root.after_cancel(after)      if seconds < 0:         wave_obj = sa.WaveObject.from_wave_file("Te.wav")         play_obj = wave_obj.play()         play_obj.wait_done()

What's the easiest way to play a sound file (.wav) in Python? By easiest I mean both most platform independent and requiring the least dependencies. pygame is certainly an option, but it seems overkill for just sound.


I'm looking for the title of a short story I read years ago.  It is about a cop chasing down a serial killer but it turns out both of them are actually aliens and the cop turns into a blob and envelopes the other alien until it dies.  It was part of an anthology.  I read it maybe 7 years ago but the anthology could have been much older than that.  For some reason I keep thinking it was in a horror anthology as opposed to to a straight up sci-fi anthology.  The story takes place on Earth and it reads like a standard cop/detective story but then you get to the end and boom you get the alien twist.

I'm looking for a novel or short story that I read in the late 90s or early 2000s; I remember that it was from the point of view of a detective or cop who was tracking a serial killer. The protagonist was a member of a secret species of shapeshifters, and chose to live as a human.  When he found the serial killer, he discovered that it was another member of his species--but young and psychotic. Since his species can regenerate from any injury, he defeats the murderer by shifting himself into a fluid form and perfectly enveloping him until he suffocates--a tactic that is only possible because the protagonist is relatively old and experienced with his abilities. And that's all I remember about it.  The aspects I remember result in such generic search terms that I haven't had any luck with Google.  I suspect I might have read it in an anthology, or perhaps in a magazine like Asimov's.


I installed Ubuntu but I did not partition my 500GB HDD at all, so basically it's one partition. Now to install Windows 7 in the installed Ubuntu, I had to create a partition using GParted, but can't because the ONE partition is the filesystem that can't be unmounted.   What do I do? Do I install Ubuntu again with partitions and then install Win 7 in a new partition? If someone can give me a step by step process on the partitioning that would be best! I would like 1:1 partition for Ubuntu and Win 7 spaces.

I just installed Ubuntu, a full install removing the prior OS. I was forced to remove  from my  because of the max four partitions already being there. I didn't lose anything, all backed up. However, now I am looking to create another partition and install Windows 7 on it.   Do I also need some sort of boot loader that lets me choose which to boot?


I have a Lenovo T460 (with a 256GB SSD), and it is almost full even though I only have around 120GB of files on it. I tried using , but it only showed the files that I already knew about, and left a mysterious 100GB out. Does anyone know what is going on?  EDIT: To clarify, WinDirStat does not show those files AT ALL.

I recently noticed that one of my external hard drive seems to be missing a lot of space. It was recommended that I try WinDirStat, as it could help identify how much space each file was taking up. This is the result:     As you can see, there is about 244.7GB "unknown" usage.  Doing a bit of research online, the most common suggestion was (a) Recycle Bin and (b) System Volume Information.  (a) As you can see, empty. To double check, I ran Disk Cleanup. It confirmed that it was empty. (Note that a new file appeared by the time I took this screenshot, but it's only 129 Bytes.)  (b) Harder to tell. However, according to various forums, the most common reason for System Volume Information to grow large is due to System Restore Files. I had a look, and it is definitely turned off for this drive, as seen here:     What else could be causing this issue? It is an enormous amount of storage to have gone missing!


Let $I\subset\mathbb{R}$ be an interval and $\varphi:I\to\mathbb{R}$ a convex function. I know that then $\varphi(x)=\sup\{f(x):f\leq\varphi \;\;\text{and}\;\;f(y)=ay+b,\;\; a,b\in\mathbb{R}\}$. In lecture notes im reading it says that we even have (given that $\varphi$ is not affine) $\varphi(x)=\sup\{f(x):f\leq\varphi \;\;\text{and}\;\;f(y)=ay+b,\;\; a,b\in\mathbb{Q}\}$.I was wondering how to show that second statement.

Let $f:\mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}$ be a convex function. It is well-known that (see e.g.~) that there exists a set $A$ such that  $$ f(x)=\sup_{a\in A}A(a)x+b(a), \quad \forall x\in \mathbb{R}^n, $$ where $A(a)\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ and $b(a)\in \mathbb{R}^n$.  I was wondering, is there any reference saying we can choose $A$ as a countable set?


My university suggest list of Table as heading of page  [Can some one please tell me how to change \list of tables command to \list of table]  "Thanks so much for kind and support"

I would like to know how to rename the standard list of figures, table of contents, and references. What I saw so far relying on \renewcommand{\contentsname}{name} did not work so far.  Here's the list of preambles I use:  \documentclass[12pt]{report} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}  \usepackage{fourier} \pagestyle{headings} \usepackage{marvosym} \usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx} \usepackage[margin=2.5cm]{geometry} \usepackage{rotating} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{url} \usepackage{natbib} \usepackage{setspace} \linespread{1.5} \newenvironment{remark}{\par\mbox{}\par\noindent{\bfseries             \emph{Remark}\/}:\normalfont}{\par} \newenvironment{defin}{\par\mbox{}\par\noindent\bfseries \emph{\Pointinghand\     }\normalfont}{\par} \setcounter{toc**strong text**depth}{2}  \usepackage[colorlinks=true, a4paper=true, pdfstartview=FitV, linkcolor=blue, citecolor=blue, urlcolor=blue]{hyperref} \pdfcompresslevel=9 \setstretch{1.0} %vertical stretch \usepackage{fontspec} \setmainfont[BoldFont       = AvenirNextRoundedPro-Bold.otf , ItalicFont     =AvenirNextRoundedPro-Italic.otf]{AvenirNextRoundedPro-Reg.otf} \defaultfontfeatures{Mapping=tex-text} \usepackage{multirow} \usepackage{array} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{ hidelinks, } \usepackage{ragged2e} \usepackage{euler} \usepackage[euler-digits,euler-hat-accent]{eulervm} \usepackage[labelfont=bf]{caption} \usepackage{wrapfig} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amssymb}  \usepackage[english]{babel} \usepackage[nottoc]{tocbibind} %Adds "References" to toc \usepackage{titlesec} \titleformat{\chapter}[display]{\bfseries\huge}{\filleft\Large\chaptertitlename~\thechapter}{1ex}{\vspace{1ex}\filright}[\vspace{0.5ex}\titlerule] \usepackage{float} \usepackage{etoolbox} \makeatletter \patchcmd{\@caption}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname:}{}{} \renewcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{2em}{6em}} \let\l@table\l@figure  \makeatother % default for 3rd arg: 2.3em - for list of figures and tables \usepackage{background} \definecolor{textcolor}{HTML}{000000}             \newcommand\Text{c\quad o\quad n\quad f\quad i\quad d\quad e\quad n\quad t\quad i\quad a\quad l} \SetBgColor{textcolor}\SetBgOpacity{0.3}\SetBgAngle{90}         \SetBgPosition{current page.center} \SetBgVshift{-0.33\textwidth} \SetBgScale{1.8}         \SetBgContents{\sffamily\Text} %for confidential   I also use TexMaker. I do not know how relevant it is, but here my document language is set to English (even if it's not the language I write in, in that document, but it isn't a problem seemingly). What I also saw is that, if I remove babel and the references, I can rename my ToC and LoF, LoT. But I need the references though. Any tip would be very welcome!  Edit: I cannot provide text data from my project, because it is confidential. Here's what I can provide from the main document. Here is what I can include more.  \begin{document} \include{02_front}  \setcounter{page}{0} \pagenumbering{roman} \tableofcontents \listoffigures \listoftables \newpage \setcounter{page}{0} \pagenumbering{arabic} \chapter{blabla} \section{test é è åøæ î} \appendix \bibliographystyle{plain}  \bibliography{80_refs}   \end{document}   Also, I actually finished writing my thesis but I need to summarize it briefly in another language, am would be extremely unwilling to test and remove packages that "might be" not very useful. I literally only have to change these names of ToC, LoF, ToF and references.


I have 100 servers and i need to login to them with ssh from central server using script: i tried below with this i should get the version redirected to the file which will be stored at central server.  #!/bin/bash  CMD='java -version' while read line do     ssh -n user@"$line" $CMD >> /pathforoutputfile/outputjava.txt  done < /pathforhosts/hosts.txt   But I am not getting output generated in file /pathforoutputfile/outputjava.txt

Coming from Windows administration, I want to dig deeper in Linux (Debian). One of my burning questions I could not answer searching the web (didn't find it) is: how can I achieve the so called "one-to-many" remoting like in PowerShell for Windows?  To break it down to the basics I would say:  My view on Linux:    I can ssh into a server and type my command  I get the result. For an environment of 10 servers I would have to write a (perl/python?) script sending the command for each of them?   My experience from Windows:    I type my command and with "invoke-command" I can "send" this to a bunch of servers (maybe from a textfile) to execute simultaneously and get the result back (as an object for further work). I can even establish multiple sessions, the connection is held in the background, and selectively send commands to these sessions, and remote in and out like I need.   (I heard of chef, puppet, etc. Is this something like that?)    Update 2019: After trying a lot - I suggest Rex (see ) - easy setup (effectively it just needs ssh, nothing else) and use (if you know just a little bit perl it's even better, but it's optional) With  you can do adhoc command and advance it to a real configuration management (...meaning: it is a CM in first place, but nice for adhoc tasks, too) The website seams outdated, but currently (as of 01/2019) it's in active development and the IRC-Channel is also active.  With Windows' new  there are even more possibilities  you can try: rex -u user -p password -H 192.168.1.3 -e 'say run "hostname"'


I heard Richard Stallman saying it...  He says Ubuntu violates the privacy of the user by giving information to Amazon without permission.

It seems like all user input to the Dash home lens is send to Amazon by default in Ubuntu 12.10, is this correct?


I have this sorta string = "^My Name Is Robert.^" I want to remove the occurrences of ^ from this string. I tried the replace method like : replyText.replace(/^/g, '');  But it hasn't any affect. Using the replace without the global works but only removes the first occurrence. Should I just make a loop and keep looping the string with replace till no more '^' are contained, or is there a better way?

I am tired of always trying to guess, if I should escape special characters like '()[]{}|' etc. when using many implementations of regexps.  It is different with, for example, Python, sed, grep, awk, Perl, rename, Apache, find and so on. Is there any rule set which tells when I should, and when I should not, escape special characters? Does it depend on the regexp type, like PCRE, POSIX or extended regexps?


let $(X,Y)$ is a random point.  $(X,Y)\in\{ (x,y): x^2 + y^2 \le 1\}$. Prove that the $\text{Cov}(X,Y)=0$. My approach was to use the covariance formula, and then try to write $Y$ as a function of $X$, but I got stuck because it's $\le$ and not $=$.

A pair $(X, Y)$ is a point on a single circle $\{(x, y) \mid x^2 + y^2 \le 1\}$. Place this point in the form It is determined randomly and uniformly distributed. What I want to show is $X$ and $Y$ are not independent But $\operatorname{Cov}[X, Y] = 0.$


I have some code, written on Linux, that i am attempting to compile in Windows, visual studio 2015.  In one of the Header files:      #include <Eigen/Core>     #include <Eigen/Geometry>     #include <Eigen/StdVector>     #include "transformable_vector.h"      namespace nicp {        template <int wCoordinate_>         class HomogeneousVector4f : public Eigen::Vector4f {       public:         EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW;          static const float wCoordinate = wCoordinate_;  }   the lines:   template <int wCoordinate_>     class HomogeneousVector4f : public Eigen::Vector4f {   public:     EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW;      static const float wCoordinate = wCoordinate_;   are giving me this error:  Error   C2864   'nicp::HomogeneousVector4f<0>::wCoordinate': a static data member with an in-class initializer must have non-volatile const integral type   I have tried removing the const, and replacing it with constexpr, but to the same result.  I have tried:  const float HomogeneousVector4f<wCoordinate_>::wCoordinate = wCoordinate_;   as well as:   static constexpr float wCoordinate () { return wCoordinate_; }   and:   static float wCoordinate () { return wCoordinate_; }   EDIT: I have tried all the answers in the question marked as 'duplicate', to no avail. I believe the difference here is that this class is created with an int passed to it.   Thank you.

I noticed C++ will not compile the following:  class No_Good {   static double const d = 1.0; };   However it will happily allow a variation where the double is changed to an int, unsigned, or any integral type:  class Happy_Times {   static unsigned const u = 1; };   My solution was to alter it to read:  class Now_Good {   static double d() { return 1.0; } };   and figure that the compiler will be smart enough to inline where necessary... but it left me curious.  Why would the C++ designer(s) allow me to static const an int or unsigned, but not a double?  Edit: I am using visual studio 7.1 (.net 2003) on Windows XP.  Edit2:  Question has been answered, but for completion, the error I was seeing:  error C2864: 'd' : only const static integral data members can be initialized inside a class or struct


So, the situation is the following. When I press the F1 button (for example), it mutes the notebook and in order to access the function keys I have to press FN.   However, I'm not happy with this so I'd like to change it "back" to how it should work.  There is no corresponding option in the BIOS menu.  Any help is appreciated!

I just have bought a new Lenovo Ideapad S400u notebook, and it is not default F1-F12, it is default mute button, refresh, more brightness, less brightness...  I've downloaded "Lenovo Keyboard Slim Fn Switcher" or something like that, but it didn't work.  Then, how can I change Fn function to get my F1-F12 buttons? I'm running Windows 8.1.


Hi I ran the following command   sudo apt-get upgrade   However I'm getting the following      You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies:  mysql-server-5.5 : Depends: mysql-server-core-5.5 (= 5.5.28-0ubuntu0.12.04.3) but 5.5.35-0ubuntu0.12.04.2 is installed  E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.   I came across the following  but not sure how I should go about applying it to my situation.  Any help would be appreciated

When I start the Ubuntu software centre, it says I cannot do anything until the package catalog is repaired. However, repairing fails.  I ran sudo apt-get -f install and found the problem to be:  mysql-server-5.5 depends on mysql-server-core-5.5 (= 5.5.24-0ubuntu0.12.04.1); however:   Version of mysql-server-core-5.5 on system is 5.5.28-0ubuntu0.12.04.2.   So, the question is, how do I install that version and resolve the dependency problem?


Pre-schooler is out of control with demanding to have her way.we have tried time outs, talking it out and taking away of material things of hers. Nothing is working

My 5-year old daughter is very defiant.  It started getting bad about 6 months ago. She doesn't do what she is told, and any time she hears the word "no" she throws terrible, dramatic fits, screaming ridiculously loud, and in some cases hitting.  She refuses to make eye contact when I warn her to stop doing something even when I am down at her eye level and it takes multiple orders to finally get her to look at me. She constantly tells me no.  I feel like I constantly tell her no and that she feels this gives her the right to tell her father and I no.  I have tried time outs which are not effective at all; she only throws a fit the whole time, never seeming to run out of wind. Spankings are only effective until the shock of the action itself wears off and then she returns to the same behavior.  My husband and I recently took away ALL of her toys/ possessions being she is a pretty materialistic child (she loves getting toys and always wants something new). We told her that if she was good and listened and stopped telling us no and throwing fits, that after three days we would let her choose three boxes of toys to bring back in her room. This worked but as soon as she got those three boxes unpacked, we packed them back up because she went right back to the no's and fit-throwing within a few hours.  I am mainly the one disciplining her and I feel she is definitely the most defiant with me. I believe in explaining to her why things are not OK and why I tell her no, but I really don't feel it helps and I never feel as if she listens to what I tell her.  I am at my wits' end and feel like a failure of a mother. She is my first and only child, and the only grandchild on both sides of our family. She is an angel at school but home is completely different.  I need help figuring this out but nobody I talk to really has any advice for me. I am at the point where I am wondering if she or I need counseling because I feel out of options.


I was trying to learn the usage of p-value in Multiple Regression Analysis. I have found the following sentence which meaning is not clear to me.   If the null hypothesis is true (b1=0), the chance of us getting a sample AS EXTREME AS we did.  I found another sentence like above.   The P value is the probability of seeing a result AS EXTREME AS the one you are getting (a t value as large as yours) in a collection of random data in which the variable had no effect.  I found this sentence in this   The meaning of AS EXTREME AS for this case is not clear to me at all. Since English is my second language, I cannot understand how the statements stated above explain the importance and usage of p-value.  I would be grateful if anyone would explain the above statements in such a way that a non-native speaker of English can easily understand the actual sense.

After taking a statistics course and then trying to help fellow students, I noticed one subject that inspires much head-desk banging is interpreting the results of statistical hypothesis tests.  It seems that students easily learn how to perform the calculations required by a given test but get hung up on interpreting the results.  Many computerized tools report test results in terms of "p values" or "t values".  How would you explain the following points to college students taking their first course in statistics:   What does a "p-value" mean in relation to the hypothesis being tested?  Are there cases when one should be looking for a high p-value or a low p-value? What is the relationship between a p-value and a t-value?


Could a person with 1,782 cM actually be my half-sibling?   This person is listed as close family to me, yet I do not know them.  My cM is the same as this person's.   I do have 6 paternal half siblings however.

My son recently had a match come up as close family the match is male and 1814cm.    His only living grandfather is already in our tree at 1857cm.  All other grandparents are deceased and have never participated in Ancestry DNA.    When I review the shared matched between my son and the matched male they have matches consistent with my ex-husbands family.  However none of my ex husbands brothers (his uncles) have done DNA testing.   My son has no grandchildren.    Is it possible that 1814cm could be the child of one of my ex husbands brothers children or am I looking at the possibility that there is a half sibling to my son?


Another question on algebras. My question is, can anyone explain what a $k$-algebra is and what a $k$-algebra morphism is to me as if I'm a dummy? What is the intuition for working with them?

I will state the definition of a $k$-algebra and $k$-algebra morphisms.  A ring $A$ equipped with a ring homomorphism $k \to Z(A)$ is called a $k$-algebra. More explicitly, this means that $A$ has a structure of vector space over $k$ and also a ring structure such that: (1) The operations "$+$" coming from the vector space structure and the ring structure, respectively, are the same. (2) The ring multiplication $\cdot$: $A \times A \to A$ is a $k$-bilinear map. One defines $k$-algebra morphisms as $k$-linear ring morphisms.  I understand these definitions formally, but I have quite a poor grasp on the intuition behind the definition of $k$-algebra and $k$-algebra morphisms. Could someone provide me with their intuitions on such?


After having installed Ubuntu on to my Toshiba Satellite laptop, I realised that I had mistakenly set up the boot partitioning wrong after experiencing lagging issues. Instead of having 200gb of storage I have just under 20gb. This is the only thing spoiling my experience and I was hoping someone would know how to sort it without too much complication. I'm currently dual booting wind pre-installed Windows 8.1 with UEFI/EFI and I don't want to risk corrupting either my windows or ubuntu operating system.

Previously, I have installed Windows 7 on my 320 GB laptop with three partitions 173, 84 and 63 GB each. The 63 GB partition was where the Windows was installed. The rest were for file containers.  Now I changed my OS to Ubuntu 12.04 LTS. I installed Ubuntu by replacing the entire Windows 7 on the 63 GB partition. The rest of the partitions remain as an NTFS Windows partition and I can still access them both (the 173 and 84 GB partitions).  Now I want to change the two partitions of Windows into an Ubuntu format partitions plus most importantly, I want to extend the 63 GB partition to more than a 100 GB because at the moment I am running out of disk space. Whenever I try to install any application, especially using wine, it always complains for a shortage of disk space.  How do I do the extending activity before I entirely format my laptop again and lose all the important files on my partitions?


i try to get list of paths from directory symlink. It's write exception      Could not find a part of the path.   var filePath = @"C:\symlink";  var paths = new List<string>((Directory   .GetFiles(filePath, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories))   .OrderBy(x => new FileInfo(x).Name));

I am trying to display a list of all files found in the selected directory (and optionally any subdirectories). The problem I am having is that when the GetFiles() method comes across a folder that it cannot access, it throws an exception and the process stops.  How do I ignore this exception (and ignore the protected folder/file) and continue adding accessible files to the list?  try {     if (cbSubFolders.Checked == false)     {         string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath);         foreach (string fileName in files)             ProcessFile(fileName);     }     else     {         string[] files = Directory.GetFiles(folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath, "*.*", SearchOption.AllDirectories);         foreach (string fileName in files)             ProcessFile(fileName);     }     lblNumberOfFilesDisplay.Enabled = true; } catch (UnauthorizedAccessException) { } finally {}


i make PHP site  With USER / Pass Login  But USer can Skip This Page BY Use '=' 'or' ‘ or 1=1  Like this  Code Here In File Login_Check.php  `  include("includeszzz/host_conf.php"); include("includeszzz/mysql.lib.php"); $obj=new connect; $obj1=new connect; $username=$_GET["username"]; $password=$_GET["password"]; //echo $username; //echo $password; $sql="select username from  admin where username='$username'"; $obj->query($sql); $U_num=$obj->num_rows(); //echo $U_num; if($U_num!=0) { $sql1="select password from admin where username='$username' and password='$password'"; $obj1->query($sql1); $P_num=$obj1->num_rows();     if($P_num!=0) {         session_start();         $_SESSION["zizo"]="$username";     //header("location: welcome.php");     echo "1"; } else {     echo "Invalid Password Please Try Again"; } }  else { echo "Invalid Username Please Try Again"; }   `

If user input is inserted without modification into an SQL query, then the application becomes vulnerable to , like in the following example:  $unsafe_variable = $_POST['user_input'];   mysql_query("INSERT INTO `table` (`column`) VALUES ('$unsafe_variable')");   That's because the user can input something like value'); DROP TABLE table;--, and the query becomes:  INSERT INTO `table` (`column`) VALUES('value'); DROP TABLE table;--')   What can be done to prevent this from happening?


How can I render a box to emulate an SMS conversation on a mobile device?  Something looking like this (only the inner boxes containing the actual conversation):  Note that I would like this to be used within a standard document, such as article or book, so the answer  is not strictly applicable, since it achieves a good result via a dedicated and standalone document class.    This is what I have done so far, but I would like to add the little 'tags' on the lower left and right corners, etc...  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage[framemethod=TikZ]{mdframed} \mdfdefinestyle{MDSMSLEFT}{%     linecolor=blue,     outerlinewidth=1pt,     roundcorner=5pt,     %innertopmargin=\baselineskip,     %innerbottommargin=\baselineskip,     innerrightmargin=5pt,     innerleftmargin=5pt,     backgroundcolor=blue!50!white}  \newcommand{\smsleft}[1]{     \begin{minipage}{0.75\linewidth}         \begin{mdframed}[style=MDSMSLEFT] #1 \end{mdframed}     \vspace*{\baselineskip}     \end{minipage}\par }  \begin{document}  \smsleft{This is a message}  \end{document}

I once saw a latex template, which you could use to create a Chat-Like document which has an appearance similar to current mobile chat applications (i.e. iMessage or Whatsapp).  I am of course looking for a static document compiled by latexor pdflatex and not a dynamic chat program.  I remember that I saw something similar done in LaTeX already, but I was not able to find it again.  I can imagine, that this has been done with tikz before.  Example images:


Is it possible to have an enumerate- or description-like environment, with \item redefined in such a way so that each \item puts its content inside a minipage? Ideally, including the item number/title within the minipage?  Failing this, is the same possible with \parbox{} instead of minipage?  For background, I'd use this in conjunction with , so that I could have paragraph-like items that are stuffed into boxes that are say for example, (1/3-epsilon)\textwidth wide, and could then progress the items horizontally, 3 to a row. And then the next row would begin low enough to clear the tallest of the previous row's items.

I'm writing a little exam generation package in R that takes a list of questions, randomizes question order and responses, and creates a .pdf. One issue I have is that questions and their responses may be separated by a page break, which is obviously not ideal. I've found a manual workaround in encapsulating each \item within a minipage, but a manual solution won't work here.  Is it possible to modify the environment of enumerate or create a custom command that puts each \item in a minipage to keep questions from being split across pages? That way, I can include the code in the preamble of the RMarkdown document that generates the exam.  Essentially I want  \documentclass{article}  \begin{document}  \begin{enumerate} \item   Which bear is best?    A. Honey bear\\   B. Grizzly bear\\   C. Black bear\\   D. Teddy bear\\   E. Polar bear\\ \item   How much snow per year is the preferable amount?    A. 90 inches\\   B. 120+ inches\\   C. 30 inches\\   D. 60 inches\\ \end{enumerate} \end{document}   to become  \documentclass{article}  \begin{document}  \begin{enumerate} \begin{minipage}{\linewidth} \item   Which bear is best?    A. Honey bear\\   B. Grizzly bear\\   C. Black bear\\   D. Teddy bear\\   E. Polar bear\\ \end{minipage} \begin{minipage}{\linewidth} \item   How much snow per year is the preferable amount?    A. 90 inches\\   B. 120+ inches\\   C. 30 inches\\   D. 60 inches\\ \end{minipage} \end{enumerate} \end{document}   by putting something in the preamble.


The convention would be to drop a comma after a question mark in normal speech:     “Do you want to come to the movies with us?” Mary asked.   Rather than:     “Do you want to come to the movies with us?”, Mary asked.   But what about when the question mark plays very little to no grammatical function in the scentence, such as in a title.  E.g.      He completed a dissertation titled 'To what extent was Mao responsible for the 1959-61 Great Famine?' for which he studied many secondary and primary sources.   Or     He completed a dissertation titled 'To what extent was Mao responsible for the 1959-61 Great Famine?', for which he studied many secondary and primary sources.   This question is separate from .  Because A) it's not about whether the question mark should go inside the quote marks. That is unambiguously the case because it is part of the title.  And B) it's about a scenario where the question mark has no effect on the meaning of the sentence.      The sentence is:  He completed a dissertation titled [title], for   which he studied many secondary and primary sources.   Whether or not the [title] unit contains a question marks seems less relevant to the meaning of the sentence compared with, for example:      “Do you want to come to the movies with us?” Mary asked.   In the latter structure relaying the question is the primary purpose of the sentence, whereas in the former the question is entirely incidental.

I would like to write "In "[article name]," [author] states such and such." However, in this particular instance, [article name] ends in a question mark. How should I punctuate this?   "In "Can Pigs Fly," Bacon states..." "In "Can Pigs Fly?" Bacon states..." "In "Can Pigs Fly?," Bacon states..."   Or something else?  Thank you!


root@ubuntu:/home/user8# df -h  Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev                          16G     0   16G   0% /dev tmpfs                        3.2G  218M  3.0G   7% /run /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-root  3.6T  186G  3.2T   6% / tmpfs                         16G     0   16G   0% /dev/shm tmpfs                        5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock tmpfs                         16G     0   16G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda2                    473M  248M  202M  56% /boot /dev/sda1                    511M  3.4M  508M   1% /boot/efi tmpfs                        3.2G     0  3.2G   0% /run/user/1001   I see 186G used on my Ubuntu machine, but when I try to find where these are, I get:  root@ubuntu:/# ncdu     3.2 GiB [##########] /home     1.7 GiB [#####     ] /usr     1.3 GiB [###       ] /var     1.1 GiB [###       ] /lib   248.2 MiB [          ] /boot   217.0 MiB [          ] /run    35.3 MiB [          ] /tmp    21.1 MiB [          ] /opt    16.2 MiB [          ] /bin    13.3 MiB [          ] /sbin     7.4 MiB [          ] /root     7.2 MiB [          ] /etc e  16.0 KiB [          ] /lost+found     8.0 KiB [          ] /media     8.0 KiB [          ] /snap     4.0 KiB [          ] /lib64 e   4.0 KiB [          ] /srv e   4.0 KiB [          ] /mnt .   0.0   B [          ] /proc     0.0   B [          ] /sys     0.0   B [          ] /dev @   0.0   B [          ]  initrd.img.old @   0.0   B [          ]  initrd.img @   0.0   B [          ]  vmlinuz.old @   0.0   B [          ]  vmlinuz   And:  root@ubuntu:/# du -sh /* 17M     /bin 249M    /boot 0       /dev 7.3M    /etc 3.3G    /home 0       /initrd.img 0       /initrd.img.old 1.2G    /lib 4.0K    /lib64 16K     /lost+found 8.0K    /media 4.0K    /mnt 22M     /opt du: cannot access '/proc/15646/task/15646/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access '/proc/15646/task/15646/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access '/proc/15646/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access '/proc/15646/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory 0       /proc 7.4M    /root 218M    /run 14M     /sbin 8.0K    /snap 4.0K    /srv 0       /sys 36M     /tmp 1.8G    /usr 1.4G    /var 0       /vmlinuz 0       /vmlinuz.old   Any ideas ?

I have a CentOS 7.2 (minimal) VM running in a vSphere cluster, which has a 16G drive formatted as XFS under the default full-disk usage partitioning scheme from the CentOS installer. The system is running a test httpd service (all software from the default centos repos), but its space usage on disk is growing. This is in part from problematic apache error/access logs (2+GB in size), and removing these longs frees up some space. What is eating the drive space isn't so much a concern for me (I'll just nuke and pave this eventually). However, when I run df an du to check file sizes, I get a discrepancy and this is what's confusing.  First I run df -h to view filesystem usage:  [root@svrhttp03 httpd]# df -h Filesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos_svrhttp03-root   14G  4.8G  9.1G  35% / devtmpfs                           902M     0  902M   0% /dev tmpfs                              912M     0  912M   0% /dev/shm tmpfs                              912M   97M  816M  11% /run tmpfs                              912M     0  912M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1                          497M  169M  329M  34% /boot tmpfs                              183M     0  183M   0% /run/user/0   This is showing 4.8G used on the root FS.  I then run the following to view the size of all items at the root of the filesystem:  [root@svrhttp03 httpd]# du -a -h -t 10K / 2> /dev/null | grep -v -E "[A-Z,a-z,0-9]/." | sort -h 16K /home 7.4M    /root 31M /etc 97M /run 143M    /boot 324M    /var 1.3G    /usr 1.9G    /   This shows only 1.9G in use, and the reported size of all directories add up to ~1.9G, as expected.  So how can I find that ~2.9G discrepancy between what df and du are claiming for data on disk?


I'm doing a Windows 10 clean install on a machine that already has Windows 8 on it, and still have my Windows 8.1 disk and product key. Will this work for a product key for Windows 10?

With the new Windows 10 coming out soon as a free upgrade, I'd like to know if and how I can install the upgrade on a new HDD. I assume the files needed for Windows 10 are only for upgrading an installed copy of Windows 7 or 8 and not a standalone installer to use on an empty hard drive. Or is this assumption wrong?  I have some issues booting (an older non-working version appears in the list of OS's to choose from) and I'd like to replace my current SSD, which is too small, with a new larger capacity one, while keeping my other drives intact. The old SSD will then be removed.  If more information is needed, please let me know.


When an owner pins a message and then moves it to another room, it gets pinned in the other room. Should this be allowed?

In the chat system, stars and pins are retained when moved to another room. This is probably a bug. Here a picture:  When a room owner pins a message, they can move it to another room, and they cannot unpin it. However when a starred message is moved to another room, the user can unstar it in the room it was moved to. Conversation source:  * is irrelevant and does not have to do with this bug report. Many thanks to .


tried almost every solution but faced very frequently. Android should deliver a fix for it and at least show more details on the failure. almost could not download from weeks due to 495 error.

"Facebook" could not be downloaded due to an error. (495)   How do I solve this error?


Black holes are considered particularities because in a determined point in time they are pointless, as consequence there are some mass in a null space so the density become infinite. Finally if energy is equal to mass, that is mean a black hole has an infinite energy? Is that possible?

I mean besides the obvious "it has to have finite mass or it would suck up the universe." A singularity is a dimensionless point in space with infinite density, if I'm not mistaken. If something is infinitely dense, must it not also be infinitely massive? How does a black hole grow if everything that falls into it merges into the same singularity, which is already infinitely dense?


I'm currently making a map of the Netherlands in which the flow of student migrations upon or shortly after their graduation is depicted. Here's what I've made so far:  I'm getting a bit more pleased with the result, but I'm not quite there yet. Something I'd like to adjust in particular is the buffering space of the arrows. In particular, I'd like to change the buffering between the end points of the arrows and their destinations only. So for the the starting points, I'd like to keep everything the same. I'm okay with how it looks at the Southernmost arrow, for instance:  When we look the the destinations of the arrows, however, things get more messy. They're lumped together at the exact same location:  In order to create some more space between the arrows at the end points, I tried adjusting the I've found in this blog  by Anita Graser. The code is used in the Geometry Generator of the virtual layer of the arrows: difference(     difference(         make_line(start_point($geometry), centroid(offset_curve($geometry, length($geometry)/(-5 + log(3.5,intensity)/1.9))), end_point($geometry)),         buffer(start_point($geometry), 0.01)         ),     buffer(end_point($geometry),0.5)     )  Adjusting the values of the buffer at the start_point and end_point does not seem to have any effect on the actual buffering space of the arrows on the map, though. So my question is: how to change the buffering space between the arrowheads and their destination locations to a suitable value?

In one project, I am trying to adopt marvellous styles for flow maps created by @underdark. At this moment I have the following output  Shapefile was created with the usage of  Plugin. Lines have different directions, i.e. the starting point of first is the ending point of the second and vice versa. So basically the table includes lines with both directions but without any description of those directions.   However, I faced several issues 1. Varying buffers' sizes Buffers around points shall inherit parameters from a different layer, i.e. they are not the same size. How to make them respond to the size of the circles' radiuses? Is there any kind of scaling factor, so to make my buffers "dynamic"? difference(   difference(     $geometry,     buffer(start_point($geometry), 500)   ),   buffer(end_point($geometry), 500) )  Maybe I to apply layer_property() or dbvaluebyid() or represent_value() if I want to extract the dynamic value from a different layer? I know that the buffer values in the expression above only produce appropriate results for line datasets which use a CRS in meters and will have to be adjusted for other units. 2. Proper allocation of arrows I am using an expression for Arrow type > Plain CASE     WHEN x(start_point($geometry)) - x(end_point($geometry)) < 0 THEN 1     ELSE 2 END  but still, I can not properly allocate orange halves of Arrows on the opposite side of blues. 3. The width of the arrows I want to adjust the line width accordingly to the values of a field "FLUX". For that reason, I am using an expression for Arrow width. scale_linear("FLUX",0,10,0.1,3) * CASE WHEN  "FLUX" > 1000 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END  How shall I handle those issues?  My desired output should look like this, curved lines can be ignored.   References:


Considering electromagnetic CMB can only see light as old as 380,000 years after the Big Bang, whilst theoretically those being gravitational should be formed from the beginning, what would their wavelength be, and do we have the technology to detect them in the foreseeable future?

The recent discovery by the LIGO made me wonder about this.  We know that there exists a CMBR, Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation, a blanket of electromagnetic energy covering the universe, made by the Big Bang.  But, the big bang was an explosive event. The huge "shockwave" made by it sent ripples in space time. (Primordial gravitational waves)  Wouldn't these ripples flood the universe creating sort of a Cosmic Gravitational Background Radiation (not exactly radiation)?  If such waves do flood the universe, couldn't a much more sensetive version of LIGO be able to detect this and use it as a contrast to create "gravitational telescopes"?


sudo apt-get remove --purge wine* opened the gates of hell and . I wasn't allowed to paste the output here, too big.  I stopped the process, I wanted to save what's left of my system!   How  to reinstall what has been removed? Why were these packages removed? It is the most important question, why the hell were they removed? I can't see any relation between Spotify and wine! If apt-get --purge might destroy your system, how to remove wine then? I removed it from software center but many files were still there. Can you ever trust apt-get -- purge?    I'm on Xubuntu 14.04 64 bit.

I did a sudo apt-get remove ruby* and then I saw that some grub packages were being removed too so I went to installed back those packages which log showed to have removed  I set grub to work on my /sda (in general, not any number) when was installing back.  Should all be ok or should I fear for my system and plan installing/reconfiguring more of grub.  And, why did this happpen?


I hope you do not find this question too silly, but I'm puzzled.  "What I love the most is animals" sounds perfectly okay to me. But so does "Animals are what I love the most."  Anything to say on subject-verb agreement? Does word order make a difference in syntax here?  I know similar issues have been discussed already. From what I read, confusion about the first sentence may arise from the number of the "wh-clause." But how about "Animals are/is what I love the most"? Does this choice have to do with a subjective perception of the subject as singular or plural?  The way I understand it, the subject and subjective complement are interchangeable. Then, should the copular verb change or not?  Thanks.

Which of the following is correct?  What he is looking for are books written by Jane Austin. What he is looking for is books written by Jane Austin.  Is it are to agree with the object books or is to agree with the subject he?


I am looking for software/application that can help me of checking some Linux commands working in a browser irrespective of OS. I mean Live CLI in the browser.  Thank you.

I'm at a library, and all of the computers are Windows based.  I'm sshing into my Ubuntu box somewhere else. The terms of service says "You may not make any changes to system files." However, when I ssh into my Ubuntu box, it might "look" like I'm hacking, since I've had a few people (including I presume the library supervisor) look at my computer funny when I opened a website where the text was a monospaced font and the website background was black. Running Command Prompt will certainly be considered to be hacking if looking at a website was.  If I'm sshing into my box it appears as though I'm "hacking" into the computer. I'd like to somehow do it in a web browser with nice happy looking text, so that it actually represents what I'm doing; I'm not going to hack into the computer, I'm only using a computer somewhere else.


I am new to c# and using windows forms. the result of this code is: 01:38:07.0093844 . Anyone knows how can I remove the millisecond part (0093844) from the result (ts) I want the result to look like this : 01:38:07 (H:mm:ss) without millisecond .  Please help .Thank you  string OldDateTime = "2016-03-02 13:00:00.597"; //old DateTime DateTime CurrentDateTime = DateTime.Now;  TimeSpan  ts = CurrentDateTime.Subtract(Convert.ToDateTime(OldDateTime)); //Difference  //result of ts = 01:38:07.0093844

What is the recommended way of formatting TimeSpan objects into  a string with a custom format?


I would like to know what happens when returning true or false to an onclick?  This is the code,  <button onclick="return test()">Button</button>  <script type="text/javascript">          function test() {         alert("hey");         return false;     } </script>   Changing false to true doesn't change the function behavior.  What exactly does true or false do when returned to onclick?

Many times I've seen links like these in HTML pages:  Click here !   What's the effect of the return false in there?  Also, I don't usually see that in buttons.  Is this specified anywhere? In some spec in w3.org?


I can't seem to turn my camera on. I checked the box but I couldn't find any AR button. Can someone tell me how to turn my camera on?

I have been trying to catch Pokémon this morning, and have had no luck so far. Eventually I ran into my first Pokémon, but unfortunately, the timing could not be worse.   I'm inside a kebab store, waiting for food, and let's be honest - while catching Pokémon in augmented reality is kind of cool, it certainly does not look cool to unaware onlookers. Raising my phone to locate the Pokémon, people are already looking at me funny. It also occurs to me that it may look like I am recording with my phone1, which can lead to some unpleasant misunderstandings.    Of course, there are many other situations where I would not want to be spinning around, holding my phone up. It would be convenient to turn this feature off, while still being able to play the game, even if it is a major mechanic. Sometimes catching Pokémon in real life just isn't convenient.  How do I disable the augmented reality mechanic for catching Pokémon, so I don't look like a complete idiot at inappropriate times?  1Given the context, I guess I kind of am.