I just got Minecraft Bedrock Edition, and I wanted to Make a map for a Minecraft YouTuber and put his head in the dedication, but both of the the "give skull" commands (/give @p minecraft:skull 1 3 {SkullOwner:"_________"} or /give @p minecraft:skull {SkullOwner:"_________"}) isn't working. When I type in the former, it says "Missing Object Name" or something like that. But when I type in the Latter, it says something like "Item Not Recognized". Can anyone tell me what happened to it?

This question was recently split into different questions for each workaround. See   meta posts for more information.   Can you use NBT tags in commands? I’ve tried commands that normally work in Java Edition like: give @s minecraft:planks 30 1 {display:{Lore:["Wooden planks"]}} give @s stone_pickaxe{Unbreakable:1b} give @s item_frame{EntityTag:{Invisible:1b}} summon villager ~ ~ ~ {Offers:{Recipes:[{buy:{id:"emerald",Count:5b},sell:{id:"diamond_sword"}}]}} summon tnt ~ ~ ~ {Fuse:20s}


See my edit below, this is not totally a duplicate of   My reverse-search function in the CLI is broken and I don't know how to fix it back...  When I hit ctrl+r and search a command I did earlier, find it then press the right arrow key to use it, the output is broken. Here is an example:  # I reverse-searched the word "test" then pressed right arrow yoshiji@x1carbon:~/path/to/git/folder (master) $ch)`test': rake test #                                              ^^^^^^^^^^ weird output #                                                     ^ cursor right there   It also "shifts" my cursor to a different position. If I press enter, the right command is executed (rake test in this case) so it means the text displayed is not the same as what is actually executed.  I know this is most-likely related to my PS1 export in my ~/.bashrc, so here are the last lines of this file:  # Git branch in prompt. git_branch() {   branch=$(__git_ps1 2> /dev/null)   if [ "$branch" = " (master)" ]; then      echo -e "\033[33m${branch}\033[00m" # yellow   elif [ "$branch" = "" ]; then      echo -e "\033[90m (no git)\033[00m" # red   else      echo -e "\033[32m${branch}\033[00m" # green   fi } PS1='\u@\h:\w$(git_branch) \$ '   This is something I wrote to displays the git branch in orange (if master branch) or else in green (or no git in gray).  Do you guys have any idea on what is causing this weird behavior?    Edit: This is a different problem from the  in the way that I am using echo -e "some string" to return a string having color+name of the git branch from the function git_branch(). Using echo -e does not escape the characters \[ and \] (try it yourself in your CLI: echo -e "\[\033[33m\]test").  Ideally, I would like to keep those conditional colors based on the branch's presence & name (gray if no branch, orange if master, else green).

Since I've been issue while working too long without plugging my laptop in, I'm trying to write a new PS1 which show my current battery status using upower. I'm almost there, everything is working fine except that little (annoying) bug with color and wrapping (or more precisely, the lack of, ie caracters are printed on the begining of the same line when the end of the window is met/no new line). At first, I thought I had made a mistake (like all the previous posts I've seen on that topic so far) and forgot to escape non printable caracters (with \[     \] ) but I can't see where... If not, is there any knowed issue with imbricating alias and function in PS1 (or did someone has a better idea for doing what I'm trying to do ?) ?  Here is my PS1 (the "if colored term" part) :  PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\](`battPer`)-\A:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '   And batPer function (and alias) in my .bash_aliases (comments bellow) :  batPer() {  percent=`upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/battery_BAT1 | grep -E percentage | cut -d : -f 2 | cut -d " " -f 11 | cut -d % -f 1`  plugged=`upower -i /org/freedesktop/UPower/devices/line_power_ACAD | grep -E "online: " | cut -d y -f 2`   if [ "$plugged" = 'es' ] ; then     echo -e "\[\e[0;92m\]$percent%\[\e[0m\]" else   if [ "$percent" -le 10 ]  ; then      echo -e "\[\e[0;91m\]$percent%"   else       echo -e "\[\e[0m\]$percent%"    fi fi  } alias battPer='batPer'   (I'm taking the value of line_power_ACAD since it's status changes as soon as I (un)plug my laptop - I'm taking "y" from the "yes" as -f for my cut and therefore test "es" because... eeerrr... I'm lazy;) - then I test : plugged in -> value in green, not plugged in : <10% all the term char in red, >10% reset color/white. I'm doing the alias at the end because I had issue when trying to put the function itself in PS1).  Thanks guys for saving me from long nights of coloured nightmares, sorry if there is a huge mistake in the middle of my mess, I've been looking at those lines too long...  Update : Sorry, I've forgot to source .bashrc after last mod, I'm getting even more lost, when \[\e[0;92m\]$percent%\[\e[0m\] the ouput is :  and when I don't put the escape caracters, it's fine (percentage in green) - still no wrapping... I'm I escaping the escape caracters somewhere ?!?


I want to get this math font:    But I can only get this one:    I have tried different options but I can't get it. Can you tell me what options I need to change in order to make the separation between characters smaller and to change only the math font. I have checked different questions with my same issue, but I have not been able to reproduce their solutions.

Is it possible to identify the font used in a specific document/picture?  Answers to this question should identify:   Possible methods to do this (perhaps one answer per method) and adequately describe how to use it (as opposed to merely stating it); Ways of finding the identified fonts, if possible (free or not); and Any prerequisites associated with the method used, if required (for example, "In order to use method X, your document has to be in format Y").   This question is meant as an FAQ, based on an . Its aim is to facilitate the community with the general procedures involved in font identification. Similar cases are solved on a per-usage basis on 's  tag.


I have tried all the StackOverflow solutions for similar questions, and could`t find anything.  I have this snippet of code and I need to extract the text between html tags, everything between > and < .  word = "div class="name">                         Text_I_Want_To_Extract                      </div>"  m = re.search('>(.+)<', word) print (m)   I have tried various regex expressions but I failed. I always get empty result. I am guessing it is because I am extracting everything between > and < symbols.  Did anyone had this kind of problems with Python 3 ?

For example, this regex  (.*)<FooBar>   will match:  abcde<FooBar>   But how do I get it to match across multiple lines?  abcde fghij<FooBar>


Task at hand : Host a web-server application, which upon request, executes python scripts which are reachable by the server Background: I have a collection of independent python scripts/projects, which when executed, generate a zip file of content. As the source code in these scripts are confidential, I need to host these scripts on a web-server. The idea would be that a separate desktop application is written which communicates with the web-server. A GET request for 1 would execute python project A, and a GET request for 2 would execute python project B. In each instance, the server would grab the output and send the ZIP file back to the originator of the request. Question: What hosting set-up would be considered fitting for this problem space? Do any of the amazon services check the boxes that would give me constant up-time with persistent storage? if not, is this what a Virtual Private Server is designed for? Considerations:  Needs to support Python 3.8 Each GET request would return a ZIP file of between 200KB and 1MB Approximately between 0-200 GET requests per day Between 1-200 Python Projects available to be executed. Each around ~5MB. Adding more python projects should be achievable with degree of ease While not a critical service, GET requests need to be allowable 24/7 - anywhere in the world. i.e. no long spin-up time. Self-hosting is not an option Storage of the python scripts should be safe from loss (but of-course other back-ups would be done)

This is a "catch-all" question designed to serve as an answer for all questions about choosing web hosting.  Pro Webmasters no longer accepts new questions about how to choose hosting.  All future questions pertaining to finding web hosting should be closed as a duplicate of this question. For more information about this policy please see .    How to find web hosting that meets my requirements?  What we're looking for in answers to this question are the basics about web hosting:   What is web hosting? What is the difference between shared, VPS, and dedicated hosting? How does a content delivery network relate to web hosting? Anything else you feel is helpful in finding a web host.   What we do not want is:   Endorsements or recommendations for specific web hosts We do not want your experience or other subjective information (just the facts please)


Say the logistic regression is where I have $Y_{i}$ as dependent and $D_{i}$  as independent with coefficient beta.  Then how do I interpret beta when both my $Y_{i}$ and $D_{i}$ are binary? I say this because usually while interpreting, the authors of papers, multiply beta   by 100. So say beta is 0.045 , then is it correct to say that when D goes from 0 to 1 then Y increases by 0.045 units in layman language? What is the rationale for giving it a percent interpretation here? Because Y is going from say 0 to 0.045?

I have trouble interpreting logistic regressions. And reading through several materials just confused me even more. Perhaps an example along with my course of thinking might clarify - what exactly I'm getting wrong.  Say, we have a data set for any (generic) product sales, lets make it cars for sake of example (data is completely made up, so results might as well lack any logic). We have a sample of people which are car owners where some own particular car and the rest have any sort of other car. Goal is to estimate probabilities of selling this particular car to some potential client with given set of parameters or put in other words - try to make artificial segmentation of market by ranking these segments by sales probability. E.g. We'll define 2 parameters - age of client and age of car. And lets make it all categorical - we'll define 3 client age groups and 3 car age groups.   car: 1 0 client_age: [under 30] [31 - 40] [over 41] car_age: [under 2] [2 - 5] [over 5]   So, regression would look like car ~ client_age + car_age  And the output:  Intercept: -0.8 client_age[31 - 40]: 0.5 client_age[over 41]: -0.6 car_age[2 - 5]: 0.2 car_age[over 5]: -0.9   With all coefficients being significant at 95%.  So.. now the course of thinking. The general probability of buying a particular car would simply be the ratio of car == 1 to the size of sample. Lets make it 3%. And as I understand it - logistic regression for categorical variables shows improvement in odds (exponent of coefficient) over the baseline. e.g. client_age[31 - 40] would have exp(0.5) or 1.648 or 65% more likely to own this particular car over client_age[21 - 30]. With everything else held constant. Similarly client_age[over 41] would have exp(-0.6) or 0.54881 or 45% less likely to own this car over client_age[21 - 30]. Same applies to car age.  So, my list of questions:    What is the role/interpretation of intercept?  Would it be possible to get all combinations of categorical values and rank them by probability relative to average 3% probability of buying the car? Is there a point in using logistic regression in this particular example? By that I mean - estimating logistic regression only with  categorical variables when I can simply calculate probability for every particular subset of general data set? How would these results compare?


I was goofing around with ms-config and changed to "normal boot". Ought not done that! Now when I select Windows 10 from the dual boot GRUB menu it says "No Boot loader" or some sorts. Tried to repair from CD via command prompt with bootrec /rebuild, bootrec /fixmbr, bootrec /fixboot. Of course, this didn't work, I assume because the system is an UEFI. So, is there a way to fix this?

I installed Windows on my computer, followed by an installation of Ubuntu. However, now I'm unable to boot into my Windows install.  What can I do to fix this?


Here is my bash script  while ./clipnotify; do   SelectedText="$(xsel)"   CopiedText="$(xsel -b)"   Check="$(xclip -selection clip -t TARGETS -o)"   if ["$Check" != *"image"*]; then     if [[ $SelectedText != *"file:///"* ]]; then       ModifiedTextPrimary="$(echo "$SelectedText" | tr -s '\n' ' ')"       echo -n "$ModifiedTextPrimary" | xsel -i     fi     if [[ $CopiedText != *"file:///"* ]]; then       ModifiedTextClipboard="$(echo "$CopiedText" | tr -s '\n' ' '  )"       echo -n "$ModifiedTextClipboard" | xsel -bi     fi   fi done   Output of xclip -selection clip -t TARGETS -o when text copied to clipboard :  TIMESTAMP TARGETS MULTIPLE SAVE_TARGETS UTF8_STRING COMPOUND_TEXT TEXT STRING text/plain;charset=utf-8 text/plain;charset=ANSI_X3.4-1968 text/plain   Output of xclip -selection clip -t TARGETS -o when image copied to clipboard :  application/x-qt-image image/png image/bmp image/bw image/cur image/eps image/epsf image/epsi image/icns image/ico image/jp2 image/jpeg image/jpg image/pbm BITMAP image/pcx image/pgm image/pic image/ppm PIXMAP image/rgb image/rgba image/sgi image/tga image/tif image/tiff image/wbmp image/webp image/xbm image/xpm TARGETS MULTIPLE TIMESTAMP SAVE_TARGETS   What I am trying to do is save output of xclip -selection clip -t TARGETS -o to variable Check and use if statment to check if the variable contains the word "image" so I can detect that clipboard contains an image and disable further execution.  When running the script I get error   /home/user/Applications/Scripts/CopyWithoutLinebreaks/debug.sh: line 16: [application/x-qt-image image/png image/bmp image/bw image/cur image/eps image/epsf image/epsi image/icns image/ico image/jp2 image/jpeg image/jpg image/pbm BITMAP image/pcx image/pgm image/pic image/ppm PIXMAP image/rgb image/rgba image/sgi image/tga image/tif image/tiff image/wbmp image/webp image/xbm image/xpm TARGETS MULTIPLE TIMESTAMP SAVE_TARGETS: No such file or directory   The script works when the check for image condition is removed.  Any way resolve the error ?

As a primarily Java programmer, I find the bash if-then construct quite confusing, especially regarding whitespace. Can anyone explain why the first one works, but not the second or third?  #works if [ -n $1 ]; then echo "parameterized"; fi  #output: ./links: Zeile 1: [-n: Kommando nicht gefunden. if [-n $1 ]; then echo "parameterized"; fi  #output: ./links: Zeile 1: [: Fehlende `]' if [ -n $1]; then echo "parameterized"; fi


How is tension pulling at both ends? Please explain either theoretically or by intuition. Ideally, answers would imagine the string as made of particles, and consider their free-body diagrams to conclude that tension is pulling on both sides.

Not a homework question instead its a doubt in concepts about vectors related to tension force I was learning about vectors and i encountered a problem in breaking vector of tension force t, as I have given all details already please refer to it, I am sorry to write question in image, but it my best possible handwriting , please dont discard it🙂 To explain my issue a little: In lower two diagrams I have drawn vector t in string t Which is pulling from both sides. But when I breaks vector t in separate cases, I gets vectors also in opposite direction(img 2 and img 3) Since single force cant have vectors in all four direction[two in 1 case and 2 in other] I concluded one of my fig 2 or 3 is wrong. Which is wrong as per you? Why do you the option you which you did not chose is wrong? Also if you can theoritically or by intution explain how tension is pulling at both ends I would be grateful tp you.


I'm no expert in Scandinavian languages (Norwegian and such) but I've been wondering where actually does their Santa (Julenissen) live (city)? I've been able to find ambiguous answers on this matter over the Internet in English language that mentioned cities like Oslo, Bergen, Drobak, Svalen and Trondheim. Maybe someone can deliver me with proper information? That would give me some clue on planning my trip.

Obviously around this time of the year, Santa and his minions will be out and about, finding out who is naughty and nice, and delivering presents.  However, the rest of the year he's back at his home.  Where is that generally considered to be visitable?  Yes, in some traditions it's the 'North Pole', but I know at least one other country (Finland) has Rovaniemi as his home.


I start a thread using the following code.  t = thread.start_new_thread(myfunction)   How can I kill the thread t from another thread. So basically speaking in terms of code, I want to be able to do something like this.  t.kill()   Note that I'm using Python 2.4.

Is it possible to terminate a running thread without setting/checking any flags/semaphores/etc.?


Currently I have this code:  private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) {     label1.Text = (new Random().NextDouble() * (new Random()).Next(10000)).ToString("0.00");     //if (this.label1.Text.Length >= 7)     //{     //    this.label1.Text = string.Format("{0:0,0}", label1.Text);     //} }   which generated random number from 1-10000. I want to insert comma like this: 9,677.89.

I want to add a comma in the thousands place for a number.     String.Format()?


After connecting to remote computer and executing some powershell job, I need to save a text file with output to a remote server using powershell.  My file name is created depending on computer name and date.  $filename = '' + $enddate + '' + $name + ''   Output is:  $output = "\\10.0.50.8\Informatyka\Posnet_raporty"   There is a username and password to connect to folder "Posnet_raporty"  $username = "user" $password = "pass"   I use 2 functions to create the file and have been trying to use the NET USE command to create a disc on the remote computer to save the file there, but it has failed ;/ (already mapped source from this adress, net use don't like it)  If ([int]$end1 -gt 30) {     $end1, $end2 | Out-File Q:\$filename'.txt' } else {     $end1, $end2 | Out-File Q:\'@'$filename'.txt' }   The output of $end1 is a number (this does not apply to the question, but I prefer to write everything I can)  edit: net use fail, can not work with this same source what is already mapped on computers. PSDrive is only accessible in PowerShell session.

I often access shared network folders in Powershell to grab files etc. But if the share requires a username/password, Powershell does not prompt me for these, unlike Windows Explorer. If I connect to the folder first in Windows Explorer, Powershell will then allow me to connect.   How can I authenticate myself in Powershell?


I'm looking for an application that can copy two or more items and then I can choose one of them to paste. Indeed, it should work on terminal.

I'm looking for a program that saves the recent clipboard items (plain text would be enough) for Ubuntu 14.04.  Thanks for any help !


What's the difference between start and begin? Are the following examples equally grammatical? Do sentences 1 and 2 mean the same? Do they mean the same as sentences 3 and 4?        We started to know each other    We started knowing each other   We began to know each other   We began knowing each other

The children are eager to start the novel.   or     The children are eager to begin the novel.


I am Brazilian and I often read the terms "sorts," "kinds" and "types."  To me, they each have the same meaning. Is there a difference for the native English speakers?  Context:     Does NAG develop the same sorts of products as our local Boston area   company MathWorks (e.g., MATLAB)? And why/how is XML important to math   software products?   Source:

I see these sentences:     Newton invented a new type of microscope.   Newton invented a new kind of mathematics.   Apple invented a new sort of cameras.   What is the difference between kind, sort, and type?


I need to convert HH:MM:SS format to time.time() object. Is there any way to do it? Here's my HH:MM:SS format time: a = '14:37:29'  I want to convert it to time.time() object such as: a = 1600256249  Is this achievable? If it's not, what should I try? Hope you help.

I've got a huge list of date-times like this as strings:  Jun 1 2005  1:33PM Aug 28 1999 12:00AM   I'm going to be shoving these back into proper datetime fields in a database so I need to magic them into real datetime objects.   This is going through Django's ORM so I can't use SQL to do the conversion on insert.


Do you capitalize the sentence after an internal dialogue (a.k.a. thought bubble) that uses a prefix tag? That is, in an example like:  Will thought, My father must not like me.  Or do you do:  Will thought, my father must not like me.  I'm leaning toward capitalizing, because if you wrote this out with quotation marks then you would obviously capitalize.  Will said, "My father must not like me."  But when using internal dialogue and italics, the capitalization leads to a strange effect because you would not normally capitalize after a comma. (For the purpose of this question, please assume I'm editing a book where I would prefer not to modify the sentence structure unless I absolutely have to. If it were my own writing, I would not use a prefix tag with internal dialogue.)

I have this sentence:     We recommend that parents consciously convey the message, "Everybody needs to follow the safety rules" rather than "Do what the babysitter says."   My inclination is to lowercase Everybody and Do. What are the style rules for capitalization of this kind of quote, especially in the middle of a sentence?


I have a PHP snippet in a separate file which I am loading in a javascript file using jquery:  let signUpMode = $(".modal");   signUpMode.load("login_signup_popup.php");   This works because I am able to show this on screen. However, this snippet contains a button which I would like to click in the same javascript file where I loaded the snippet. something simple like:  $(".signupbtn").on("click", function(){     console.log("signed Up");   });   This click is, however, not working. signupbtn is a div element in the snippet. Somehow I am missing an extra step since jquery seems to not be recognizing the elements in the snippet.

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


The speaker, in their stupefaction, leaves the sentence trail off. Would it be:  What on earth...?!  Or:  What on earth--?!  Thank you kindly.

I know than an ellipsis can be used to show a broken sentence, the same way an em dash can be used. What I don't know is that if the two are interchangeable and it is writer preference or if different meaning is conveyed by their use.  Are ellipses and em dashes commutable?


I can collect grass, wood, and sand but when it comes to things like stone I can break it but I can't collect it after.  What am I doing wrong ? How am I supposed to collect them ?

I am playing Minecraft on survival mode. I can break blocks like sand, dirt, and gravel and it will give me a block. When I try to break stone or iron or anything else, it didn't give me a block. What can I do so that I can get a block? I am on single player and my internet is fine. I tried deleting the app and then getting the app again but that didn't work. This is happening with all my worlds in survival mode.


i am trying to study SQL Injection nowadays & i am searching for good tutorial .   any recommendation for written or videos tutorial ?

I'm supposed to test a web application for SQL injections. I'm new to this type of security testing and I'd like to get some tips on the matter. Are there any best practices or do I simply search on the Internet for the most common SQL injections and try them out on my application?  I hope some guidance would be profitable for other newbies like me, so please, help me complete the following lists:   List of "places" in the application to be tested:   username  password(s)  e-mail search field  text fields any other fields that are available to the user  List of tests to be performed:   ...?    Thanks!


@Moderators: I apologize because this is very similar to my previous post, but I didn't post the exact axioms there from the beginning (I did quite a major change after receiving a reply).. please delete the previous one () if there are any problems.  Happy New Year,  I am trying to define natural numbers in first-order logic in order to use them in an Automated Theorem Prover. I have tried the Peano axioms on the Wikipedia page with/without multiplication (I don't really need it and thought removing it would make proving faster). I'd like to make the prover "know" (deduce that) the only three numbers lower than or equal to 2 are 0,1,2, but I can't seem to be able to do it. More precisely, I'd like the foolowing statement to be provable (NOTE: 2 is just an example, I'd like it to work for any natural number):  $$\forall x(nat(x) \to (leq(x, s(s(0))) \to (x=0) \lor (x=s(0)) \lor (x=s(s(0))) ))$$  My prover has equality implemented. I define 1,2,3 (where 0,1,2,3 are 0-arity functions.. or I assume I can call them constants) as: $1 = s(0)$ ($equal(1, s(0)$ is what I actually write in the prover) $, 2 = s(1), 3 = s(2)$   My axioms are pretty much these:  $$nat(0)$$ $$\forall x(nat(x) \to nat(s(x))$$ $$\forall x,y(nat(x)\land nat(y) \to nat(add(x,y))$$ $$\forall x( nat(x) \to s(x) \neq 0)$$ $$\forall x,y (nat(x) \land nat(y) \to (s(x)=s(y) \to s=y))$$ $$\forall x(nat(x)\land x\neq 0 \to \exists z (nat(z) \land x = s(z)))$$ $$\forall x(nat(x) \to add(x,0) = 0$$ $$\forall x,y(nat(x)\land nat(y) \to add(x,s(y)) = s(add(x,y)))$$ $$\forall x,y(nat(x)\land nat(y) \to (leq(x,y) \leftrightarrow \exists z(nat(z)\land y = x + z )))$$ (Maybe for the purpose of this question it would have been better to write the last axiom as "forall x,y leq(x,y) <-> nat(x) /\ nat(y) /\ exists z .....")  I know they look quite ugly.. in my prover I'm actually able to type something like this (using what I understand are called "sorts"): $\forall[nat(x)](P(x))$ instead of $\forall x(nat(x) \to P(x)$ so it looks cleaner and easier to follow.

[EDIT/CONCLUSION] It turns out it was actually working.. I was just like too stupid to let the prover run for more time and assumed it would take a lot / not be able to prove with what I've provided because it wasn't doing it fast and because it took it ~1 minute with a similar goal asking for numbers lower or equal than 1. However, the goal I gave as an example in this post (leq(x,2)) took ~1 minute as well and for leq(x,5), it was actually able to prove it faster I think (~40 seconds if I recall correctly). Thank you very much to everyone who helped!!  [EDIT:] I apologize for not describing my axioms properly.. I have now written them so as they pretty much resemble what I actually wrote.  Hello and Happy New Year,  I am trying to define natural numbers in order to use them in a First-Order Logic Theorem Prover. The problem is I'm unable to solve the following problem:  "Show that the only numbers lower or equal than (for example) 2 are 0,1 and 2".  My axioms go like this:  $$nat(0)$$ $$\forall x( nat(x) \to nat(s(x)) )$$ $$\forall x,y( (nat(x)\land nat(y)) \to nat(add(x,y))$$ $$\forall x( nat(x) \to (s(x) \neq 0) )$$ $$\forall x,y ( (nat(x) \land nat(y)) \to ( (s(x)=s(y)) \to (s=y)))$$ $$\forall x( (nat(x)\land x\neq 0) \to (\exists z (nat(z) \land (x = s(z)))))$$ $$\forall x(nat(x) \to (add(x,0) = x))$$ $$\forall x,y((nat(x)\land nat(y)) \to (add(x,s(y)) = s(add(x,y))))$$ $$\forall x,y((nat(x)\land nat(y)) \to ((leq(x,y) \leftrightarrow (\exists z(nat(z)\land (y = x + z) )))))$$  I have also added addition axioms for commutativity and associativity of addition.  So, what I'd like to be able to prove is something like this (for any number, not just for $2$):  $ \forall x(nat(x) \to (x\leq 2 \to (x = 0) \lor(x=1)\lor(x=2))) $.  Are additional axioms needed in order to be able to prove this?


Is there a situation where the use of the lambda expression is particularly helpful or its mainly usage is to write less code?

I have quickly read over the  documentation.  This kind of example has helped me to understand better, though:   delegate int del(int i); del myDelegate = x => x * x; int j = myDelegate(5); //j = 25   Still, I don't understand why it's such an innovation. It's just a method that dies when the "method variable" ends, right? Why should I use this instead of a real method?


What is the Difference between Package "nvidia-331" and Package "nvidia-331-updates" mfg muessli

What is the difference between these two modules? Whoever created them didn't seem to think of including a clear description.


Probaly already asked.      Show that an arbitrary operator $A$ can be written as $A=B+iC$, where $B$ and $C$ are Hermitian.   I think the matrix version is the sum of a symmetric and antisymmetry part, but I have no idea how to do it in the general case.

How can we prove that any complex matrix can be expressed in term of hermitian and anti-hermitian matrices of the following form $A = H_1 + iH_2$ Where, $H_1$ is hermitian and $H_2$ is an anti-hermitian matrix


Someone told me they are within a 100 meter radius, but I thought I read somewhere that it's 200. I can't find the article now, and it might have been referring to something else.

With the new update, we now have "Sightings." However, there is no indication of how this differs from "nearby Pokémon", though in the patch notes, it states they are testing a variation of "Nearby Pokémon" which appears to be the "Sightings." How do "Sightings" differ from "Nearby Pokémon"?


I guess it's a silly question but i don't get it xD.  I've read it's about controllers, but they can be downloaded from manufacturers, right?

I am used to install and remove various operating systems in my PCs, even having several at a time.  Usually, to install a new OS means:   Burn the ISO to a CD/DVD/USB. Insert it. Boot. (Maybe you have to tweak a bit the BIOS first).   The only difference between PCs is its CPU architecture: x86, x86_64, arm, etc. Depending on that, you have to download one ISO or another. But I never have to worry about which graphic card, mouse, keyboard, screen, network card, etc. it has. The install wizard automatically detects that and installs the corresponding drivers. Sometimes, if they are not bundled, the installer also downloads them. Anyway, the key point here is that the ISO is always the same.  Now, many mobile OS come out: Ubuntu, Tizen, Firefox OS, the omnipresent Android, and why not any Linux ARM distro out there!. Sadly I have a random chinese mobile, that surely will never get official support in any platform, and I will never be able to test them.  But... Are not today's phones just tiny ARM PCs? Why is installation that different? Why do I always need to have a precompiled monolithic ROM specific for my phone model? Why not just a single "ISO" per OS for any phone that detects and installs automatically the needed drivers, just like always has been in the PC market?  Note: I understand the problem with privative drivers, but I remember Debian asking me for those when there were no libre alternatives at installation, and I could install them then or later. I suppose that workaround could be used in those cases too. Correct me if I'm wrong.


Say if we had a case:  $y=α+βmale+βeduc+ε$    $y=α+βmale+βeduc+βmale*educ+ε$   let's say that both male and educ are indicator variables. What exactly does the interactive term mean in plain English, does male*educ mean that "male and educated"   If this was the case why couldn't we just use the first regression and set male =1 and educ =1.  Obviously $y$ values are different between the two models the interaction term will have extra values added to the predicted y but what exactly does this additional value mean compared to the first model?   Thank you!

I am running a logistic regression, where the dependent variable is marital status. And I assume that educated women are different from women with e.g. high school degree and are less likely to marry. Does it make sense to interact 2 binary variables? I remember that we usually interacted a continuous and a binary variable, that is why I am hesitating to include this interaction and how to interpret it. Please help.


by this command service --status-all . I can find all services status. in every line there is + or - or ?. Easy to guess + and - which may be refer to running service and not running (I'm not sure).But do not know this ? symbol meaning before services.

If I run the command "service --status-all", each (running?) service is listed in column format. The first column has either a [ ? ], [ + ], or [ - ] before the service name. What does this column represent? What does ?, +, and - mean?   Sorry if this is a simple question. I searched online for ~30 minutes before just coming here and asking.  I even found this:  where the "correct" answer states "It draws a [ + ] or [ - ] depending on whether the exit status was zero or nonzero, respectively.".  So, I guess my new question is what does status zero and nonzero(!?!?!) mean?


In a world that is full of fantastic beasts known to the Wizarding community why are the crests for the houses at Hogwarts normal or Muggle animals (snake, lion, badger, eagle)? Also all the animals that the students and teachers conjure when using the Patronus charm e.g.. Harry’s stag, Hermione’s Otter and Luna’s Hare. Dumbledore has a Phoenix and rightly so, but that’s the only magical creature in the lot.   Was this an oversight, a missed opportunity, a way to simplify the world or just merely a way to make us Muggles identify more strongly with the animals we are familiar with?   Also Animagus' can so far as I know only transform to non magical creatures...

In Harry Potter each Hogwarts house has its own animal that represents it; is it ever explained how these animals came to represent a specific house? I never read a canon explanation to who chose the animals, is that known?


I'm trying to download Ubuntu 14.04 LTS using Wubi from the official site of Ubuntu. But in the middle, it just stop downloading but still responsive but doesn't make any progress.   since I can't find solution on the Internet I close it, and now it wants to uninstall the previous installation progress   Is there a way to resume what I already download? or can I download Ubuntu 14.04 LTS in torrent and link it in wubi?

I have downloaded the 12.04 located wubi.exe and the 14.04.1 located wubi.exe. I am getting the same behavior from both. Once you start either exe they give you a dialog and then after OK begin downloading an iso file. This works for a while, and then stalls / hangs / freezes. The progress bar remains the same and the "Approximate time remaining" remains the same. However, the installer is still alive. It will repond with an "are you sure?" type message if you click on [Cancel].   One question - is anyone else getting this behavior?  Second question - can I do a Wubi install with a manual download of the big file that is required and which Wubi seems to hang on?   Edit: Got a great answer to the question from Eliah Kagan below. However, it appears that a bug in the software/file formats since Ubuntu 12.10 prevent the use of this technique as the software incorrectly processes the MD5 checksums. See this bug:


I would like to be able to analyse what changes an activity / program makes.  The idea is to take a snapshot before and after the code is run. What I need is the ability to generate a registry-importable file that reflects all new / modified registry entries. Free would be my preferred choice :-). Thanks

I am implementing a driver deployment with Samba.  Every possible model of printer found an easy solution, except for Xerox Workcenter.    After browsing the Internet, I found that Xerox printer driver has to change some registry keys in order to work, keys which are changed by the executable downloadable on the manufacturer website.  Do you know which key are impacted by the Xerox Workcenter GPD driver?  This corresponds to the error message I get while uploading to Samba, which asks the position of a file named as a registry key.  I browse Samba bug tracker and they did not specify which registry key are impacted.  I contacted Xerox itself, but despite that fact that we have a support contract and really a huge number of workstations, it seems that Xerox is not willing to help us.


I have the following structure. When I print the size of the structure using sizeof(ipj_tag_operation_report) I get the value 480. But when I try to add the individual size of each data type included in this structure, I only get 405. Also, if I add the sizes of data types, the "rssi" field value comes in 165th byte. But when I get this structure in JNA, when I iterate through the returned contents it is in 51st position of the array. Why are these mismatches? What am I doing wrong here? Please advice.  Below is my structure and its related structures. I have commented the size of the data types. These are values I found in the internet.              typedef struct              {                 bool has_error; //1                 ipj_error error; //4                 bool has_tag; //1                 ipj_tag tag; //174                 bool has_tag_operation_type; //1                 ipj_tag_operation_type tag_operation_type; //4                 bool has_tag_operation_data; //1                 ipj_tag_operation_data_t tag_operation_data; //72                 bool has_retries; //1                 uint32_t retries; //4                 bool has_diagnostic; //1                 uint32_t diagnostic; //4                 bool has_timestamp; //1                 uint64_t timestamp; //8                 size_t lt_buffer_count; //8                 uint32_t lt_buffer[30]; //120             } ipj_tag_operation_report;   typedef uint32_t ipj_error;              typedef struct              {                 bool has_epc; //1                 ipj_epc_t epc; //72                 bool has_tid; //1                 ipj_tid_t tid; //56                 bool has_pc; //1                 uint32_t pc; //4                 bool has_xpc; //1                 uint32_t xpc; //4                 bool has_crc; //1                 uint32_t crc; //4                 bool has_timestamp; //1                 uint64_t timestamp; //8                 bool has_rssi; //1                 int32_t rssi; //4                 bool has_phase; //1                 int32_t phase; //4                 bool has_channel; //1                 uint32_t channel; //4                 bool has_antenna; //1                 uint32_t antenna; //4             } ipj_tag;  typedef uint32_t ipj_tag_operation_type;              typedef struct              {                 size_t size;                 uint8_t bytes[64];             } ipj_tag_operation_data_t;   typedef unsigned __int64    size_t;

Why does the sizeof operator return a size larger for a structure than the total sizes of the structure's members?


I've been noticing a weird behaviour in the past couple of days, that I thought I should report. When someone deletes an answer I had downvoted, the reputation tab highlights all the reputation I got that day, instead of just the +1 it should show. Has anyone else noticed this?  Before deletion of downvoted answer:    Some time later, one of the downvoted answers is deleted:    The tab should read +1, but it displays +19 instead. This didn't happen before.

Multiple times today, when I have clicked open a link to one of the sites in the network, I have seen a green highlight with something like "+49" as if I had recently earned an additional 49 reputation points since I last reviewed my reputation.  But these reports are for reputation which was already reported as new before, which I have reviewed already.  I don't have precise details, but something like this:   Answered a question on .  Earned +30 rep which was reported with a green badge. I clicked it open and found out that this was the case. Time passed. Opened pages on multiple sites, including but not limited to , Stack Overflow, and other sites. Opened a page on  and saw the same reputation reported as new again. Clicking it open revealed that this was the same report I had already seen on Stack Overflow.  Shrug. Somebody upvoted an old answer of mine. I saw +10 and clicked it to see what I had earned the reputation points from. This marks the reputation as already seen, and I should not be notified about it again. Time passed.  Opened pages on multiple sites, including but not limited to Graphic Design, Drupal, Stack Overflow, and others. Opened a page on Graphic Design just now and again saw a +40 badge notification for the same reputation earnings again.   As an active volunteer in  I click on posts as they are reported there, so I have probably visited dozens of sites in the network dozens of times during the last few hours. (The  shows a transcript of recent spam reports at any given time. I have probably not visited all of the posts you see if you click it open right now, but a good part of the ones reported in the last 4-5 hours.)  I also routinely downvote spam posts, so my rep has changed multiple times (the -1 is regained when a spam post is deleted, so the net is something like +49 since I opened my computer this morning, as of right now.)


Is there a $2\times2$ matrix $X$ with real entires such that $X^2 +2X = -I_2$ other than $X=I_2$?   If the answer is yes, can someone explain it to me?

Find a real $2\times 2$ matrix $X = \left(\begin{matrix} a& b\\ c & d\end{matrix}\right)$ such that $X^2 + 2X = -5I.$   With this question I'm kinda lost with the $2X$ part but a full explanation or a little bit of a lead would be greatly appreciated.


Does every Pokemon have the same highest CP that it can achieve? Do they have eventually the same highest CP at the maximum level?

It's clear that the evolved form of Pokemon have a far higher CP cap (and it looks like minimum too) but it would also seem there is a difference between different Pokemon.   For example I have an Oddish at 184 CP which is at 50% of it's cap, and I also have a Ratata at 185 CP but it is far closer to its cap, around 90%.  Which Pokemon have the highest CP caps?


Suppose f: [0,inf) -> R is uniformly Lipschitz and the integral from 0 to inf of |f(x)| < inf. Then|f(x)| converges to 0 as x -> inf. Prove this by proving the contrapositive. ie. negate the limit portion and show via the properties given by f that the integral will be infinite.  I'm lost here. For the limit, I think I'd need to choose an epsilon so that the limit does not converge to 0. Then, I somehow use that f is Lipschitz (not totally sure what that means aside from |f(x) - f(y)| < M |x-y|) to show that the integral is infinite (don't totally know how to show that, either). Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Trying to solve     $f(x)$ is uniformly continuous in the range of $[0, +\infty)$ and $\int_a^\infty f(x)dx  $ converges.   I need to prove that: $$\lim \limits_{x \to \infty} f(x) = 0$$  Would appreciate your help!


I need to prove $$\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9}$$ is irrational, I assumed $$\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9} = \frac{m}{n}$$ I cubed both sides and got $$\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9} = \frac{m^3-12n^2}{9n^3}$$  I tried setting $$\frac{m^3-12n^2}{9n^3} = \frac{m}{n}$$ but that led me nowhere. so what can I do?

Assume there exist some rationals $a, b$ such that $\sqrt[3]{a}, \sqrt[3]{b}$ are irrationals, but:  $$\sqrt[3]{a} + \sqrt[3]{b} = \frac{m}{n}$$  for some integers $m, n$  $$\implies \left(\sqrt[3]{a} + \sqrt[3]{b}\right)^3 = \frac{m^3}{n^3}$$  $$\implies a + b + 3 \cdot \sqrt[3]{ab}\left(\sqrt[3]{a} + \sqrt[3]{b}\right) = \frac{m^3}{n^3}$$  Since $a +b$, $\sqrt[3]{a} + \sqrt[3]{b}$ are rational, $\sqrt[3]{ab}$ must be rational as well.   For convenience let us say $\sqrt[3]{a} = p, \sqrt[3]{b} = q \implies pq$ is rational. This means, for all $i$, $p^iq^i$ is rational.  $$\implies (p + q)^2 = \frac{m^2}{n^2}$$  $$ = p^2 + q^2 + 2pq = \frac{m^2}{n^2}$$  Since $pq$ is rational, $2pq$ is rational and so is $p^2 + q^2$.  Assume, for some $i$ that $p^i + q^i$ and $p^{i-1} + q^{i-1}$ is rational.   $$\implies (p^i + q^i)(p + q) - pq(p^{i - 1} + q^{i - 1}) = p^{i+1} + q^{i+1}$$  is rational as well.  So for all $i$,  $$a^{\frac{i}{3}} + b^{\frac{i}{3}}$$  and   $$a^{\frac{i}{3}}b^{\frac{i}{3}}$$  are rational.  I know I'm really close to the answer, but it somehow just keeps slipping through my fingers.


If I can, Using the type=! Or, everything except selector, can I exclude multiple entities? My code is /execute @e[type=lightning_bolt] summon lightning_bolt. I also want to exclude the player.

I've asked this question towards a developer for Minecraft and I thought I'd ask here too since they might not see the question.  How do I select all but two types of entities in Minecraft?  For example, something like: /say @e[type=![Player,Item],r=50] (to clarify I also tried type=Item,Player, type=Item,type=Player etc)  Should select any entity that does not match players or items, so things like Creepers, Ghasts, XPOrbs, PrimedTNT and so on within a radius of 50 blocks and print them to the chat.  Instead it ignores one of the flags, and works with the other instead.


I submitted my paper to a very good journal. After two months and in the first round of revision, I received comments from four reviewers requesting major revisions. I edited my manuscript as they suggested and submitted the revised version. After 4 months and in the second round of revision, I again received comments from four reviewers in that three of reviewers directly recommended that our paper should be accepted for publication, and a reviewer requested major revision. I again edited my manuscript as the reviewer suggested and submitted the revised version. After 4 months, my paper status was changed to "Required reviews completed", but after two weeks it was changed to "Under review" again. Could you guide me what it means and is it possible the reviewers reject it despite their first opinions?

What steps does a manuscript typically go through from submission to publication (or rejection) in a typical journal? How are these steps referred to, in particular by editorial systems, and how long do they each typically take?  Note that this question is about the typical situation and hence not about:   Journals with an atypical workflow, e.g. those that allow for an instantaneous reviewer–author interaction. Exceptional steps or rare occurrences such as withdrawal or .   This is a canonical question on this topic as per . Due to its nature, it is rather broad and not exemplary for a regular question on this site. Please feel free to improve this question.


While I was learning Strings in C I came across the following piece of code   #include <stdio.h>  int main() {     char str[15] = "Hello, World";      printf("str[0] = %c\n", str[0]);     printf("*(str + 0) = %c\n", *(str + 0));     printf("*(0 + str) = %c\n", *(0 + str));     printf("0[str] = %c\n", 0[str]); /* This line 0[str] */      return 0; }   Simple things what I can figured out from the program are  str[0] will produce H *(str + 0) will also produce H as it uses pointer arithmetic *(0 + str) is similar to *(str + 0) and will also produce H    What I can't figure out is what does 0[str] means and how does it evaluates to H. As what I have learnt is [ ] symbol represents an array and 0 is not an array.

As Joel points out in , in  (aka: K & R), there is mention of this property of arrays in C: a[5] == 5[a]  Joel says that it's because of pointer arithmetic but I still don't understand. Why does a[5] == 5[a]?


One problem with bounties that has turned me off using them is that if you start one, you will have an answer selected and you may not get any good ones. I can understand the bounty having to end to stop gaming the system but maybe we need some flexibility here?  Perhaps we should allow the OP to pay in extra to extend it another week, a few days or whatever. This should only go on for so long. Maybe a month total? Arguably this extra rep added shouldn't increase the bounty either.  Maybe the amount to extend it is also a function of the size of bounty?

There are a few variables here that I was thinking about:   Spend rep to extend a bounty for a certain amount of time Allow the rep spent to extend duration to add into the original bounty Create minimums on the amount necessary to extend dependent on how long it has been up   These are just ideas and can be tweaked as necessary, but the idea in whole is to encourage people to spend more on rep and avoid "wasted" rep because there wasn't a good answer to a question while minimizing the amount of possible abuse. This was part of the idea to spend a small amount of rep to extend duration without adding to the rep so that you wouldn't have to spend the whole amount over again for a couple more days.  The typical use case that I am thinking of is when you create a bounty and it still gets no attention. I think it would be cool if you could then add onto it to turn it into a higher bounty instead of having those points completely gone.  Possible abuses:   Keeping bounty questions alive for inappropriately long times. There is already an answer but the author does not want to award the bounty.   For 1, you can resolve this by increasing the amount necessary to keep a question alive exponentially similar to what is already in place. You could also halve the amount of extended duration per extension. For 2, this is a problem with the existing system as well, but the author does not have a positive incentive not to award the points since he himself still cannot get them back.


If I set two (or more) wireless access points with the same network name and credentials, connected to the same LAN, will they speed up access or slow it down? (The LAN is 1 GB, so it is faster than any wireless connection, and will not be saturated.)  I.e., will they more disturb each other or provide more channels?  Would like detailed answer please.  UPDATE  "Duplicate" questions do not contain required details.  I don't want to use two access points from a single client; I expect multiple roaming clients.  First part I probably got: if APs will choose different channels, they won't interfere with each other. This means that two notebooks will have full bandwidth each, i.e., will communicate faster.  Will they know that the channels are carrying different amounts of traffic, and tend to occupy the channel with the lightest load? Or will they sometimes occupy the same channel, leaving the other AP(s) unused?  In general, how do clients choose which channel to use? In particular, if a client moves through the area, or network load varies, under what conditions will a client switch from one AP to another? And how much disruption will the transition cause to the client's network experience (i.e., will it cause a noticeable lag in the connection)?  Also consider clients communicating to EACH OTHER. Being on one AP, they will share a single channel, right? While having two APs available, they will double the speed, right?

Possible Duplicate:          I live in a small apartment building and we can catch each-others wifi networks. We have different service provides and were wondering if we could amalgamate our networks so that we could use each others bandwidth transparently.   I would assume this would reduce latency.  Does anybody have a tutorial on how to fuse together wifi networks for a throughput increase? The target machine is a Linux computer.   EDIT  My work makes me do lots of 1TB flat file-transfers, so I believe my motivation is sound.


Is it legal to do so (this is just header files, and .cpp files contain the function definitions):  class Human { protected:     std::string     m_name;     int             m_age;  public:     Human();     void printName() const;     void printAge() const; };   And re-define the same void printName() const; (which is not virtual) in the derived class.  class Student : public Human { public:     Student();     void printName() const;     void study() const; };   What is this? This is not overriding. But it is not overloading too, right? As far as overloading should have different type or number of arguments (method is constant in both places). What have I done here?

I have a function with the same name, but with different signature in a base and derived classes. When I am trying to use the base class's function in another class that inherits from the derived, I receive an error. See the following code:  class A {     public:     void foo(string s){}; };  class B : public A {     public:     int foo(int i){}; };  class C : public B {     public:     void bar()     {         string s;         foo(s);     } };   I receive the following error from the gcc compiler:  In member function `void C::bar()': no matching function for call to `C::foo(std::string&)' candidates are: int B::foo(int)   If I remove int foo(int i){}; from class B, or if I rename it from foo1, everything works fine.   What's the problem with this?


I have recently installed QGIS 2.18.2 to my new Asus Zenbook Windows 10 64 bit. My issue is that (see image) some of the plugins...the initial one - go to coordinates (essential) is not displaying correctly as my screen is very high DPI. I have found the settings to change icon/text size which has helped.   I would prefer not to have to reduce the resolution of my entire laptop - however don't mind so much if its only for QGIS.  I found this link online which seemed helpful - except the .exe that Windows points to didn't change anything when I created manifest file.    I haven't tried hooking it up to a separate monitor yet as I am awaiting a cable arriving in the post. However I really need it to work on the standalone laptop for work in the field.

I have a new laptop with a very high resolution screen and can't get QGIS to work properly.   Icons and text are too small.   I tried to change the resolution, but had no luck.   I also tried to change settings in QGIS but that changes only text and some of the icons.


I have some questions regarding the Schengen visa. I know you need to apply the Schengen visa form the country you either stay the longest or you visit first, which for me is Italy.   But what would you do or advice me to do if I can't get an appointment in time? I bought my tickets already (I Know it's dumb), and I am suppose to fly out by June 28th, but the Italy embassy doesn't have any. appointment open until July. What should I do here? I contacted the Italian embassy, but I haven't heard anything back from them yet.

I am in the process of filling the forms for my wife and daughter (Chinese) to travel with me (British) to the UK for a short holiday. On the government advice located at  it says:     Accommodation and travel details      You may wish to submit  the following documents to help show us your   accommodation and travel arrangements in the UK and on which date you   intend to leave the UK. We advise that you do not make any payments   for accommodation,  travel and so on until you have received your   visa.          Details of accommodation and return   travel bookings         This could be:         hotel booking confirmation (usually email) travel booking   confirmation (can be email or copy of tickets) travel agent   confirmation of both accommodation details with a supporting letter    from the occupant confirming  that you are able to stay there      But how do you have tickets for a flight if you haven't made payments. All airlines I've seen require you to pay in full before they issue any tickets.  What is the best way to satisfy this requirement?


I have asus chromebox which I installed Ubuntu 14.04.2 on.  When I connect headphones, I can see them in the volume control application, but they are not switched to automatically, when I select the headphones in the volume control app, i can hear just fine. When I disconnect the headphones the sound goes back to HDMI.  I have tried to change alsa-base.conf and everything else I could find online. Couldn't find a way to set it as default in pavucontrol (even when I set it as default here, it doesn't change anything) or alsamixer. Here is all the info I could find from my chromebox that might help.      Anyone has any ideas?

I have a dual screen setup on my laptop (using 12.04 LTS) using a HDMI connected display. Everything works fine, but everytime I connect/disconnect the cable I have to go to Sound preferences and change the sound output device manually.  Is there any way to change the sound output device on connect/disconnection of cable, so when I connect my display the sound output is set to HDMI and when I disconnect it the sound goes back to laptop speakers?


Problem Statement:- Solve: $$\dfrac{1}{\left\lfloor{x}\right\rfloor}+\dfrac{1}{\left\lfloor{2x}\right\rfloor}=\{x\}+\dfrac{1}{3}$$ where $\left\lfloor{x}\right\rfloor$ denotes the integral part of $x$ and $\{x\}=x-\left\lfloor{x}\right\rfloor$   The floor function just eats me up whole whenever I encounter it. I have tried some things to solve it but am just not able to come up with anything useful at all. Here are the things I have tried. First of all lets define the domain of $x$ which is $x\not\in[0,1)$, because if so happens then $\left\lfloor{x}\right\rfloor=0$ which should not happen for $\dfrac{1}{\left\lfloor{x}\right\rfloor}$ and $\dfrac{1}{\left\lfloor{2x}\right\rfloor}$ to be defined.  After this I was not able to come up with a good line of thought for attempting the problem so, please guide me as to what should be my line of thought for attempting problems related to the integral part of $x$.

Find all solutions to $$\dfrac{1}{\lfloor x\rfloor}+\dfrac{1}{\lfloor 2x\rfloor}=\{x\}+\dfrac{1}{3}$$   $$$$ Unfortunately I have no idea as to how to go about this. On rearranging, I got $$3\lfloor 2x\rfloor = 3\lfloor x\rfloor\{x\}-2\lfloor x\rfloor$$ I'm not sure about what to do with the $3\lfloor 2x\rfloor $ term; I'd prefer to resolve it in terms of $\lfloor x\rfloor $ but am not able to. All that struck me was using the identity for $\lfloor nx\rfloor, n\in \Bbb Z$. However on first glance, it did not strike me as particularly useful.$$$$ I would be grateful for any help. Many thanks!


Consider a Lagrangian $L(x,\dot x,t)$ and a corresponding Hamiltonian $H=\dot xp-L$ where $p=\partial L/\partial \dot x$ which satisfies Hamilton's equations $$\frac{\partial H}{\partial x}=-\dot p$$ $$\frac{\partial H}{\partial p}=\dot x.$$ I'm trying to show that Hamilton's equations are unchanged by a gauge transformation of the Lagrangian $L'=L+ \frac{dF}{dt}$ where $F(x,t)$ is a function of the position and time only. I first expand the derivative of $F$ $$\frac{dF}{dt}=\frac{\partial F}{\partial t}+ \frac{\partial F}{\partial x}\dot x$$ the new conjugate momentum is $$p'=\frac{\partial L'}{\partial \dot x}=\frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot x}+\frac{\partial}{\partial \dot x} \frac{dF}{dt}=p+ \frac{\partial F}{\partial x}$$ and so $$\frac{\partial}{\partial p'}= \frac{\partial p}{\partial p'} \frac{\partial}{\partial p}=\frac{\partial}{\partial p}$$ The new Hamiltonian is $$H'=p'\dot x-L' = p \dot x-L+\frac{\partial F}{\partial x} \dot x - \frac{dF}{dt}=H- \frac{\partial F}{\partial t}$$ Hamilton's equations are then $$\frac{\partial H'}{\partial p'}=\frac{\partial H}{\partial p}- \frac{\partial}{\partial p} \frac{\partial F}{\partial t}=\dot x-0=\dot x$$ and $$\frac{\partial H'}{\partial x}=\frac{\partial H}{\partial x}- \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \frac{\partial F}{\partial t}= -\dot p-\frac{\partial }{\partial t} \frac{\partial F}{\partial x}$$ It is this last equation where I'm having trouble. To satisfy Hamilton's equations, the right side should be equal to $\dot p'= \frac{d}{dt}(p+\frac{\partial F}{\partial x})$ however I end up with a partial derivative on the last term rather than a total derivative as it should be. How can one justify this as satisfying Hamilton's equations?  Edit  It seems that the error is arising when taking the partial of $H'$. When applying $\partial/\partial x$ to $H'(x,p')$ we are implicitly holding $p'$ constant, where as $\partial H/\partial x=- \dot p$ is true only when we are holding $p$ constant, not $p'$. A workaround is to use the form $H'=p' \dot x-L'$ as the functional dependence is clear. Then $$\frac{\partial H'}{\partial x}= -\frac{\partial L'}{\partial x} = -\frac{\partial L}{\partial x}- \frac{\partial}{\partial x} \frac{d F}{dt}= -\frac{d}{dt} \left( \frac{\partial L}{\partial \dot x} + \frac{\partial F}{\partial x}\right) = -\dot p'$$ where Euler-Lagrange was used on the second last equality. I'm still unsure of how to apply the chain rule to my original expression to get the correct result.

The following is exercise 8.2 in 3rd edition (and exercise 8.19 in 2nd edition) of Goldstein's Classical Mechanics.   Adding the total time derivative of a function of $q_i$ and t to the Lagrangian will not change the the Euler-Lagrangian equation. So if we make the following change to Lagrangian,   $$L'(q,\dot{q},t) = L(q,\dot{q},t) + \frac{dF(q_1,q_2,...,q_n,t)}{dt}$$ we can get  $$ \frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial{L'}}{\partial{\dot{q_i}}} - \frac{\partial{L'}}{\partial{q_i}} = 0 $$ from  $$ \frac{d}{dt}\frac{\partial{L}}{\partial{\dot{q_i}}} - \frac{\partial{L}}{\partial{q_i}} = 0 $$  How can we get the corresponding Hamiltonian equation part? This is to prove  $$ \dot{p'_i} = \frac{\partial{H'}}{\partial q_i} $$ $$ -\dot{q_i} = \frac{\partial{H'}}{\partial p'_i}  $$  from   $$ \dot{p_i} = \frac{\partial{H}}{\partial q_i} $$ $$ -\dot{q_i} = \frac{\partial{H}}{\partial p_i}  $$ where $p'_i = \frac{\partial L'}{\partial \dot q_i}$.  Edit  The corresponding $H'$ is $$ H' = \sum_k{p'_k \dot{q_k}} - L' $$ where $p'_k = \frac{\partial L'}{\partial \dot q_k}$.


When I use NewDocumentEnvironment of xparse and place a table to be inside this environment, I get an extra row at the end. Same code does not cause extra row in standard newenvironment. Is there a solution to this problem? I have tried using \ignorespaces and made entire thing single line without spaces, still the same result. I have compiled a MWE below:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{xparse}  \NewDocumentEnvironment{test}{}{%     \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}\hline%         A & B & C \\\hline% }{%     \end{tabular}% }  \newenvironment{testtwo}{%     \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|}\hline%         A & B & C \\\hline% }{%     \end{tabular}% }  \begin{document}     \begin{test}         This & does not & work\\\hline     \end{test}      ~\\~\\      \begin{testtwo}         This & does & work\\\hline     \end{testtwo}    \end{document}   Result:

I am trying to build a table inside a LaTeX 3 command. A MWE:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xparse}  \ExplSyntaxOn \NewDocumentCommand{\createTable}{ m m }{     \begin{tabular}{|c*{#2}{|c}|}         \hline         \int_step_inline:nnnn {1} {1} {#1} {             ##1             \int_step_inline:nnnn {1} {1} {#2} {                 & x             }             \\\hline         }     \end{tabular} } \ExplSyntaxOff  \begin{document}      \createTable{5}{4}  \end{document}   This gives me following ouput in which the column lines of the first column are too long:    In order to solve this problem I read questions         Though I still did not understand the actual nature of the problem (or its given solutions), I was able to reproduce the solution from .  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xparse}  \ExplSyntaxOn \DeclareDocumentCommand{\fillRow}{ m m }{     #1     \int_step_inline:nnnn {1} {1} {#2} {     & x     }     \\\hline }  \DeclareDocumentCommand{\BuildTable}{ m }{     \begin{tabular}{|c*{#1}{|c}|}     \hline }  \def\endBuildTable{     \end{tabular} } \ExplSyntaxOff  \begin{document}      \begin{BuildTable}{4}         \fillRow{1}{4}         \fillRow{2}{4}         \fillRow{3}{4}         \fillRow{4}{4}         \fillRow{5}{4}     \end{BuildTable}  \end{document}   This code outputs the desired result. But I don't like it because it needs 3 commands instead of 1 (minor issue). But most of all because of the verbose, redundant and inflexible syntax to generate the table. Therefore I decided to make an abstraction by putting the table-generating-commands in another command:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{xparse}  \ExplSyntaxOn \DeclareDocumentCommand{\fillRow}{ m m }{     #1     \int_step_inline:nnnn {1} {1} {#2} {     & x     }     \\\hline }  \DeclareDocumentCommand{\BuildTable}{ m }{     \begin{tabular}{|c*{#1}{|c}|}     \hline }  \def\endBuildTable{     \end{tabular} }  \DeclareDocumentCommand{\putTogether}{ m m }{     \begin{BuildTable}{#2}         \int_step_inline:nnnn {1} {1} {#1} {             \fillRow{##1}{#2}         }     \end{BuildTable} } \ExplSyntaxOff  \begin{document}      \putTogether{5}{4}  \end{document}   But this brought me back to my original problem because the column lines of the first column are too long again.  Could anyone   explain to me what exactly is wrong with my original code; what the difference is between the second and the third code fragments; how to edit my (original) code in order to solve my problem?


Since the 2nd law of thermodynamics says the universe's entropy is constantly increasing, then its initial entropy must have been smaller than it is today.  However, no known physical law can reduce net entropy.  Does this mean the initial low entropy state of the universe must be the result of something that is outside the physical laws?  Or does it mean there is a physical law that can reduce entropy?  The linked questions sound similar, since they also deal with the low entropy state at the beginning of the universe.  But the questions are not asking whether this implies it was caused by something outside our physical laws, which seems the straightforward interpretation.

Let me start by saying that I have no scientific background whatsoever. I am very interested in science though and I'm currently enjoying Brian Greene's The Fabric of the Cosmos. I'm at chapter 7 and so far I understand most of general ideas he has talked about. Or at least, I think I understand them :-)  There is however one part, at the end of chapter 6 that I can't grasp.  It is about entropy and the state of the universe a few minutes after the big bang.  On page 171 he says:     Our most refined theories of the origin of the universe -our most refined cosmological theories- tell us that by the time the universe was a couple of minutes old, it was filled with a nearly uniform hot gas composed of roughly 75 percent hydrogen, 23 percent helium, and small amounts of deuterium and lithium. The essential point is that this gas filling the universe had extraordinarily low entropy.   And on page 173-174:     We have now come to the place where the buck finally stops. The ultimate source of order, of low entropy, must be the big bang itself. In its earliest moments, rather than being filled with gargantuan containers of entropy such as black holes, as we would expect from probabilistic considerations, for some reason the nascent universe was filled with a hot,   uniform, gaseous mixture of hydrogen and helium. Although this configuration has high entropy when densities are so low that we can ignore gravity, the situation is otherwise when gravity can't be ignored; then, such a uniform gas has extremely low entropy. In comparison with black holes, the diffuse, nearly uniform gas was in an extraordinarily low-entropy state.   In the first part of the chapter Brian Greene explains the concept of entropy with tossing the 693 pages of War and Peace in the air.  At first, the pages are ordered. The specific order they are in make sense and are required to recognize the pages as a readable book called War and Peace. This is low entropy. It is very highly ordered and there is no chaos.  Now, when you throw the pages in the air, let them fall and then pick them up one by one and put them on top of each other, the chances you get the exact same order as the initial state are extremely small. The chance you get another order (no matter what order, just not the one from the beginning) is extremely big. When the pages are in the wrong order, there is high entropy and a high amount of chaos. The pages are not ordered and when they are not ordered you would not notice the difference between one unordered state and another one.  However, should you swap two pages in the ordered, low entropy version, you would notice the difference.  So I understand low entropy as a highly ordered state with low chaos in which a reordering of the elements would be noticeable.  I hope I'm still correct here :-)  Now, what I don't understand is how a uniform mixture of hydrogen and helium can by highly ordered? I'd say you wouldn't notice it if some particles traded places. I'd say that a uniform mixture is actually in a state of high entropy because you wouldn't notice it if you swapped some hydrogen atoms.  Brian Greene explains this would indeed be the case when gravity plays no important role, but that things change when gravity does play a role; and in the universe right after the big bang, gravity plays a big role.  Is that because a reordering of the particles would change the effects of gravity? Or is there something else that I'm missing here?


I use Windows(occasionally) and Linux(always) on my laptop. When I switch back to Windows, the time changes. If it is 11 a.m., when I switch to windows, it shows 10 a.m. Why does this problem occur and is there any way to fix it?

Dual boot system Windows XP Pro and Ubuntu 12.04.  I have the bios set for the correct time and Ubuntu set for US Eastern time.  Ubuntu will boot up and the time will be off by -4 hours.  If I correct the time in Ubuntu then when I boot up in Windows XP the time will be off by + 4 hours.  This is a fresh install of 12.04. I did not have this problem before reinstalling Ubuntu.


The gui-based controls for mouse acceleration do not suffice to tame my mouse, so I am correcting this by running:  xinput set-prop 10 "Device Accel Constant Deceleration" 2.9   This script has the desired effect (every time) when run manually from the terminal. However I have yet to find a way to run it on each login. Attempts to have it execute through rc.local or using the script launching options in the system settings have both remained fruitless.  Do you have any suggestions of what else I could try? Should I modify X11 config files directly? Several posts related to this topic advised against doing so.

How can I make an application automatically start when I have logged in?


As an example, is there an easy way to crop away the o's in the Google logo using Gimp?  The result should then be "Ggle" with a smaller image width than the original because the o's are missing.

I have a screenshot where I want only a part of the pasted image, and I want to turn the white that's in it transparent.   First I need to crop the pasted image. I have selected the layer and a rectangle which I want. I can't seem to find the option that crops the current layer to the current selection. What's this called?


As you can see, the main() function does not contain the statement return 0;. But the program can still execute normally, even though the main() function has been specified to return a value of int. I just don't understand why. Could you please explain it?

What is the correct (most efficient) way to define the main() function in C and C++ — int main() or void main() — and why? And how about the arguments? If int main() then return 1 or return 0?  There are numerous duplicates of this question, including:       — For C++, with a very good answer indeed.     Related:


echo 20171231 | xargs -i date -d "{} +1 day" | xargs -i date -d "{} -1 month" **Fri Dec  1 00:00:00 PST 2017**   In this case, when date formatting commands are pipelined I am get Dec 1.  echo 20171231 | xargs -i date -d "{}  +1day -1 month" Sat Dec  2 00:00:00 PST 2017    Whereas when the date formatting is included in a single data command getting result as Dec 2.  In the above command looks like -1 month is getting precedence over +1 day.   Can someone help me in understanding how this is working ?

I'm not sure if this gets the past date within the current day or if it only takes 30 or 31 days to it.  e.g.  If the current date is March 28th, 1 month ago must be February 28th, but what happen when it's March 30th?  Scenario  I want to backup some files each day, the script will save this files within the current date with $(date +%Y%m%d) format, like 20150603_bckp.tar.gz, then when the next month arrives, remove all those files within 1 month ago except the 1st's and the 15th's files, so this is my condition:  past_month = $(date -d "-1 month" +%Y%m%d) day = $(date +%d) if [ "$day" != 01 ] && [ "$day" != 15 ] then     rm /path/of/files/${past_month}_bckp.tar.gz     echo "Depuration done" else     echo "Keep file" fi   But I want to know, what will happen when the date is 30th, 31th or even the past February example? It will keep those files? or remove day 1st files?  When it's 31th the depuration will execute, so if the past month only had 30 days, this will remove the day 1st file?   I hope I hinted.


I have a personal computer with windows XP and I want to remove this XP and install windows 7.  What steps should I follow to do this without risking my hard drive's data?

I have a desktop with Windows XP on it that I urgently need to get it updated to Windows 7. I have heard from a friend that you need to do a clean install. Or is there a upgrade option, losing any data is not an option what would you suggest I do perhaps if I updated to Vista then to 7 would that work?


In my robots.txt I disallowed some of the "thank you" pages on my site that I don't want to indexed by Google or be in Google search results. But those pages have recently become searchable on Google. What should I do to get them deleted?

When I type site:example.com(using my domain obviously), I get several link errors showing up in the listing. Typically, they are of the form: /some/fixed/path/admin/unblockUser/11  I am thinking of adding the following line to my robots.txt file:  Disallow: /some/fixed/path/admin/*


I have installed Notepad++ first time in Ubuntu, I am trying to launch an HTML file in browser, but it shows shell error

I am running Ubuntu 14.04 and Notepad++ 6.6.4 (through WINE)  Under the 'Run' tab, I clicked on "Launch in Firefox" , but nothing happened   I uninstalled Notepad++ and WINE, then shutdown. I re-installed Notepad++ and WINE and still have the same problem.   Does anyone know what the problem is?


I wrote the code below that will give me the difference between two dates and the result will be in years, months and days.  for me it's good code but the problem is with months coz It's fixed to 30 days  So if I subtract (1 feb 2014) - (1 jan 2014) It should be one month But with my code it will be 1 month 1 day  import java.util.*;  public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) {     int y_d = 365;     int m_d = 30;       Scanner scn = new Scanner(System.in);      System.out.println("Enter your first date: ");      System.out.print("Day   : ");     int day1 = scn.nextInt();      System.out.print("Month : ");     int month1 = scn.nextInt();      System.out.print("Year  : ");     int year1 = scn.nextInt();      Calendar cal1 = Calendar.getInstance();     cal1.set(year1,month1-1,day1);      System.out.println();     System.out.println("Enter your second date: ");      System.out.print("Day   : ");     int day2 = scn.nextInt();      System.out.print("Month : ");     int month2 = scn.nextInt();      System.out.print("Year  : ");     int year2 = scn.nextInt();      Calendar cal2 = Calendar.getInstance();     cal2.set(year2,month2-1,day2);      long milis1 = cal1.getTimeInMillis();     long milis2 = cal2.getTimeInMillis();      long day = milis2 - milis1;      long days = day / (24*60*60*1000);      System.out.println();     System.out.println("The difference : " + days + " days");      long y_r = (days % y_d);     long m_r = (y_r % m_d);      System.out.println("The result is approximatly");     System.out.println(days/y_d + " year(s)");     System.out.println(y_r/m_d + " month(s)");     System.out.println(m_r + " day(s)"); } }   Could I resolve this problem without using joda time???

I find it funny that Java (or the java.util library) does not have a built-in function to calculate difference in dates. I want to subtract one date from another to get the elapsed time between them. What is the best way to do this?   I know the simple way is to take the difference of the time in milliseconds and then convert that into days. However, I wanted to know if this works in all cases (with daylight saving, etc.).


I was happily using jupiter and now it is not supported anymore. I am on 64bit ubuntu 12.04 using gnome-panel. I am just looking for an applet that will give my my cpu temperature.


I need to store data in a mysql table then output it to the user.  I am sanetizing "name" and "comment"  On name im using strip_tags and trim, then storing it with stmt prepare/bind_param.  And on "comment" im using nl2br/htmlspecialchars then storing it with stmt prepare/bind_param, since users must be able to hit enter/linebreak.  So is this enough to protect me against XSS/SQL-injections?  Thanks

If user input is inserted without modification into an SQL query, then the application becomes vulnerable to , like in the following example:  $unsafe_variable = $_POST['user_input'];   mysql_query("INSERT INTO `table` (`column`) VALUES ('$unsafe_variable')");   That's because the user can input something like value'); DROP TABLE table;--, and the query becomes:  INSERT INTO `table` (`column`) VALUES('value'); DROP TABLE table;--')   What can be done to prevent this from happening?


I am new to blender and try to make a room everything look good until I use final render to get a high quality picture the light look wrong I try to use 1 light bounce and it didnt help at all pls help me impove it this is a link to the file

Since the Denoise feature was added to Blender I only use the default setting with it and it really does the work. But sometimes the denoise is noticable on some of my renders. How can I overcome the blurred effect? Denoising for me is a big help because my system is quite aged.


I have a file named foo whose permissions are -rwxr-x--- root and I'm neither the user (root) nor in the group. I have another file named bar, which I want to append to foo. I've tried  sudo cat bar >> foo  but this fails with foo: Permission denied.

Possible Duplicate:          Yeah I could  (and probably will) just escalate to root, but I'd like to know why this doesn't work?  sudo cat .mplayer/config >> /home/griff/.mplayer/config zsh: permission denied: /home/griff/.mplayer/config   sudo is configured to be able to run any command, I've placed no restrictions on it.


On a Mac, using Bash, I tend to do  du -sh *   to tell the sizes of files and folders in the current directory, in MB and GB.  But if I want to sort them by the sizes, I might do  du -sh * | sort -g   and it won't work well, because the M and G is not taken into account (so 44MB might be thought to be larger than 20GB, because 44 is greater than 20).  Is there a way not to write a program and just use UNIX commands and/or a Bash function to do that?  If I care about the files and folders that are in the GB range, I can do:  du -sh * | egrep "^\s*\d+(.\d+)?G\s" | sort -g   and it will show  2.6G    ski video clips 7.6G    trip 2012.mp4  12G    trip photos     but if TB or MB is to be considered, then the above will not work.  Is there a way to do this more generally using UNIX / Mac OS X commands?

How do you sort du -sh /dir/* by size? I read one site that said use | sort -n but that's obviously not right. Here's an example that is wrong.  [~]# du -sh /var/* | sort -n 0       /var/mail 1.2M    /var/www 1.8M    /var/tmp 1.9G    /var/named 2.9M    /var/run 4.1G    /var/log 8.0K    /var/account 8.0K    /var/crash 8.0K    /var/cvs 8.0K    /var/games 8.0K    /var/local 8.0K    /var/nis 8.0K    /var/opt 8.0K    /var/preserve 8.0K    /var/racoon 12K     /var/aquota.user 12K     /var/portsentry 16K     /var/ftp 16K     /var/quota.user 20K     /var/yp 24K     /var/db 28K     /var/empty 32K     /var/lock 84K     /var/profiles 224M    /var/netenberg 235M    /var/cpanel 245M    /var/cache 620M    /var/lib 748K    /var/spool


I am talking about following question:   As we can see, the OP has found the answer and he has updated it in the question itself. What should we do when encountering such questions?

Reference question:   Sometimes users solve their own questions, which is great. Sometimes they say they've solved it and move on, which is not so great. The above question is middle-ground: the user posted an answer to his own question, but as an edit to the question instead of as a real answer.  Should any action be taken in such a case? The obvious solution is to copy the edit into a real answer. But is this the right solution? In this case, the answer is a little hidden and there are no other answers, so it appears on the unanswered list.     Related:


Am using Lyx to write report. I have to add some figures. But when compiling my file all the figuers are displayed on the top of the page. Any help is appreciated.

In LyX I enter a figure/graphic at the end of a paragraph using Insert > Float > Figure.  I assume this is the command that I want since I want to include a graphic with a description (please let me know if there's a better command for this).  However, when it shows up in the PDF, (i) the figure is inside the paragraph and (ii) the spacing between the bottom of the figure and the remainder of the paragraph is abnormally large. I've tried manually editing the vertical space, but LyX either puts no space or too much space for this particular figure (I've never had this issue before).  I have a MWE below. In this case the spacing issue no longer appears but the figure appears above the paragraph instead of below. How can I put the figure below the paragraph (or precisely where I want it to appear?  (I) Source Code for Paragraph:   \noindent \begin{center}  \begin{figure}  \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{\string"Thesis/blank billard 7\string".jpg}\caption{A Billiard table $B_{\alpha}$ with a barrier of length $\alpha$}  \end{figure}   \par\end{center}   (II) Source Code for Entire Source:   \documentclass[oneside,english]{amsart}  \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}  \usepackage[latin9]{inputenc}  \usepackage{amsthm}  \usepackage{graphicx}  \usepackage{setspace}   \makeatletter  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Textclass specific LaTeX commands.  \numberwithin{equation}{section}  \numberwithin{figure}{section}   %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% User specified LaTeX commands.  \title[Short version]{Long version}  \usepackage{mathtools}   \makeatother   \usepackage{babel}  \begin{document}   \subsection{Veech's Examples and a Billiard Interpretation of these Examples}   \begin{doublespace}  \noindent In {[}8{]}, Veech constructs examples of minimal and not uniquely ergodic dynamical systems as follows (see {[}7{]})....  \end{doublespace}   \noindent \begin{center}  \begin{figure}  \includegraphics[scale=0.6]{\string"Thesis/blank billard 7\string".jpg}\caption{A Billiard table $B_{\alpha}$ with a barrier of length $\alpha$}  \end{figure}   \par\end{center}  \end{document}   UPDATE Here is the figure.  [![enter image description here][2]][2]


I am a PhD student working in computational theory which includes some amount of mathematics. I am currently in the middle stage. I have read a few research papers and have been working on some problem. I wonder how new idea's come into mind? I spend most of my time thinking about research problems again re-reading the problem statement and many times I try to read related works. I have been able to come up with new ideas but not something which is something like whole research paper. I try to focus as much as possible but still not focus is not working. I am wondering how researchers come up with new idea.   Question: How to to come up with new ideas or approach for research as a PhD student?   Some advice I have got is read-read and write and repeat but does not work for me.

As a very new researcher who is exploring the best way to generate ideas, some guidance on this question would be very helpful. I have found that this is NOT easy. Ideas seem to pop out of my Professor every day and I wonder how he does it. This question is broad;   How do you tend to come up with initial/seed ideas? What is your search method (if you have one)? What proportion of your ideas for past papers come from; (i) colleagues, (ii) intentionally browsing the literature for ideas, (iii) on the spot inspiration, (iv) conferences, (v) other? How do you prioritize research ideas? Is there any special, generalizable method that you've discovered to sift out those ideas that are likely to be unrealistic early on in the process of idea generation?   Based on small amounts of anecdotal evidence I have reason to believe that there is vast heterogeneity among professors regarding the above questions. For example, economist Steven Levitt says he works on 22 papers at once. A professor I know will have maybe 25% of this at any one time.  Related but not duplicate:


Preface: After upgrading from Windows 7 to 10, things didn't go well. It seemed to go fine, but I was occasionally getting a black screen on boot. I turned off the PC and my registry got irreversibly corrupted. I have now reinstalled Windows 10 cleanly. All is working well after a month, but now I need to get SVN back up.  The 'proper' backup I have of my repos is too old. I need to ensure backups are done more frequently moving forwards. What I do have is the entire disk partition I had SVN data stored on.  The file structure on the SVN partition is intact, e.g. X:/MyRepo/db/revs and all the data on X:. I also have the latest copy of C:/MyRepo where my working copy was stored.  How can I reinstall TortoiseSVN using my existing files (not a backup), and retain commit history including log messages?

All the recent VisualSVN Server posts made me want to check it out. I have SVN running right now through Apache, but I'd like to try out VisualSVN Server, mostly for the Active Directory integration. Their docs don't describe whether you can easily migrate an existing repository.   Anyone done this before?


Is it possible to include SVG code into LaTex? If it's possible how can I do that ? Short Example:  <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">     <path d="M150 0 L75 200 L225 200 Z" /> </svg>   I do not have a file with extension .svg, and I have access only to its code. For result I want to display svg "image".

I'm making all my diagrams in SVG format using Inkscape and then I export them to some other format (e.g. PDF, EPS or PNG). I wrote a short script that does this for me automatically, but I'd like to avoid this step, if possible --- sometimes the conversion from SVG converts the text labels into vectors, and that's annoying. Hence the question:  Is there a way to include SVG diagrams directly without conversion to an intermediate format?  Package suggestions, or instructions for specific LaTeX distribution are welcome. Tips and personal experience on which tools you have found to be working reliably would be also appreciated.


My vault seemed to be doing okay, I guess. I mean, I’m questing 24/7 and that gives me tons of stuff! That’s good, right? But then I got some Deathclaws and I thought: “Well, it’ll pass. My dwellers are really strong. They’ll make it.” And sure enough, they literally died on the first floor. After I finished another quest, and my people got in just in time, more Deathclaws attacked.   Now I get, like, four attacks per day and my dwellers keep complaining about not feeling well and I’ve spent about 86,000 caps on reviving people and my two Mr. Handy’s. Is there a specific reason, or amount of dwellers that causes your attacks to spike?

I'm apparently doing something wrong. I'm getting raided by deathclaws constantly(at least once per session), and they do some real damage to my dwellers.  The in-game hints say they are attracted by the radio and opening my vault, but I don't know if there is a way to turn the radio off while my vault is open.  How can I stop all these deathclaws from eating my dwellers, while still attracting new ones?


Let $X$ be an arbitrary random variable  takes values in $\{0,1,2,...,10\}$. Then the minimum and  maximum values of variance of random variable $X$ are    $0$ and $30$ $1$ and $30$ $0$ and $25$ $1$ and $25$   But I don't know which one is true and how to approach? Help me out please.

Let $X$ be an arbitrary random variable  takes values in $\{0,1,2,...,10\}$. What are the minimum and  maximum values of variance of random variable $X$?


I am struggling with Drop Caps and character styles. When I try to make my 1st letter of my 1st paragraph in my body text style Drop Cap, all other paragraphs a beginning with Drop Cap. How can I do it only for the 1st letter, maybe with character and nested styles?

Is there a way to format paragraph styles so that only the first paragraph in each chapter gets a drop cap?  So far I have seen this solved by saving a "first_paragraph" style and a "regular" style to be the next-style, however I am modifying an imported text, so I need it to be able to automatically change all first chapter paragraphs.  Is there a way to de this without introducing separating into two paragraph styles?


Given a sample $ X_1,X_2 \dots X_{100}$ and the density function   $ f(x;\theta) = \frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1+\left(x-\theta \right)^2\right)}$ , find Fisher information for  $\hat{\theta}_{MLE.}$ My attempt: $L(\theta;x_1,x_2\dots x_{100}) = \prod _{i=1}^{100}\left(\frac{1}{\pi \cdot \left(1+\left(x_i-\theta \right)^2\right)}\right)\:$ $l$ = $\log(L) = -100*\ln(\pi)-\sum^{100}_{i=1}(\ln(1+(x-\theta)^2)$. $\frac{\partial }{\partial \theta}\left(\log(L)\right) = \sum_{i=1}^{100}(\frac{2(x_i-\theta)}{1+(x_i-\theta)^2}$ $\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial^2 \theta}\left(\log(L)\right) = \sum_{i=1}^{100}-\frac{2\left(-θ+x_i\right)}{1+\left(x_i-θ\right)^2}$ fisher's information : $I(\theta) = -E[\frac{\partial^2 }{\partial^2 \theta}\left(\log(L)\right)$ but I don't how to find the expected value, I tried to simplify it but that didn't help.

I need to calculate the Cramer Rao lower bound of variance for the parameter $\theta$ of the distribution $$f(x)=\frac{1}{\pi(1+(x-\theta)^2)}$$   How do I proceed I have calculated $$4 E\frac{(X-\theta)^2}{1+X^2+\theta^2-2X\theta}$$  Can somebody help


I really want to play b1.7.3 with my friends (it was the first version of Minecraft I ever played!) but I cannot find where/how to download it. I've tried mcversions.net but server files are not included for beta versions.

I am trying to set up a Tekkit-like server (+ some different mods). Most mods are not 1.4.2-compatible, yet, so the server runs 1.3.2. I can use MCNostalgia to downgrade the client, but is there any way to downgrade the server or download an old version?


This can be considered a combination of the following questions      The following piece of code renders two plots, one above the other, and attaches a common ylabel to both.  \documentclass[tikz]{standalone} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{cmbright} %% Just some font that has serifs for maths                                           %% Yes; this particular combination is horrible                                       \usepackage{euler} \usepackage{pgfplots} \usepgfplotslibrary{units} \pgfplotsset{compat=newest} \usepgfplotslibrary{groupplots} \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}   \begin{groupplot}[group style={group size=1 by 2}]     \nextgroupplot[ylabel = ylabel, y unit = m/s]     \addplot coordinates {(0,0) (1,1) (2,2)};     \nextgroupplot     \addplot coordinates {(0,2) (1,1000) (2,0)};   \end{groupplot}    \node at ($(group c1r1.west)!0.5!(group c1r2.west)$)   [xshift=-1.5cm] % Problem #1: estimated distance                                      {\rotatebox{90}{ylabel [$\mathrm{m/s}$]}};   % Problem #2: Copying pgfplots internals,                                             % i.e. /pgfplots/unit code/.code 2 args={\mathrm{#1#2}}                             \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}     There are two problems: It would be nice if the near ticks mechanics worked for this case, too, i.e. the optimal distance from both plots were determined automatically; on top of that, if units are used, the ylabel isn't just a bit of text anymore, but something more complicated; and I'd rather not reinvent that machinery.  Is there a better way to handle this?

I have a groupplot of 5x3. Now I want to be able to 'overlap', so to speak, the ylabel over all the plots vica versa for the xlabel. This enables me namely to make the groupplot smaller.   Currently I have the following code: . Which gives me the output given below. Thus what I want is to be able to stretch the labels "Phase [*] Magnitude [dB]' over all the plots, as a 'general' ylabel. And 'Frequency [Hz]' for the xlabel.   How can I achieve this?   Currently I just setted the ylabel as {Phase [*] Magnitude [dB]\\Out2} and xlabel as {Frequency [Hz]}. And did some xshift on the ylabel such that the 'Out i' would align with each other. This looks nice now for a 5x3 but what if I have a 2x2 groupplot, I don't have a plot in the middle then.


I can only see the model via that strip    Render view

When looking at my objects in 3d view I'm seeing a gray cone that seems to be hiding other objects.   Can anyone help me turn this off and explain what it is please.  Screenshots attached.


Somehow a user managed to accidentally post a  twice:    I may be missing something, but this shouldn't be able to happen, should it? They should be subjected to a 45 minute cooldown between questions shouldn't they?

New users who have less than 125 reputation are subject to a , network-wide.  Today, however,  was able to post two questions within 8 minutes of each other, bypassing this rate limit: , and  today. (Both links are 10k-only.)  How was this user able to bypass the network-wide question asking rate limit? (I'd imagine one easy hack would be to exploit a race condition, but if that were the case, the two questions would be posted at exactly the same time, not 8 minutes later.)  Is it because the rate limit only considers the IP address, and not the account, so if the same account makes the post from a different IP address, it's allowed?  This is not a duplicate of , as back when that was asked, the rate limit worked quite differently, and wasn't even enabled on some sites; today, according to the very first link, it is now enabled network-wide.


I seek help interpreting this qqplot.  Am I correct that data points near the mean are reasonably normal, but data points away from the mean tend to be too far off, therefore the data is fat-tailed?  Secondly the data appear to be symmetric (unskewed) ?  Thanks for your help! There is a very nice post about qq plot interpretation, but i would still like confirmation that i am comparing correctly with that post's templates.

I am working with a small dataset (21 observations) and have the following normal QQ plot in R:     Seeing that the plot does not support normality, what could I infer about the underlying distribution? It seems to me that a distribution more skewed to the right would be a better fit, is that right? Also, what other conclusions can we draw from the data?


Is it a good strategy to launch a satellite over a country in the red on panic to calm them down? Am I correct that they will withdraw at the end of the month? If so, will the satellites calm them enough to prevent that? Also if they do withdraw, do I lose the satellite? The reason I ask is because a launch is rather expensive over all.  Including the interceptors that I will be launching.   Thanks!

I've seen this hint in the game as well as on this site and I've been wondering if there is any specific advantage to launching satellites closer to the monthly report rather than any time during that month.  The way I see it, monthly maintenance costs are taken out during the reports (correct me if i'm wrong), so regardless of when you launch it during the month it would cost the same.   Is the benefit of holding on to them longer simply a safety net in case some countries go into the red during that time?


Edit #2: This question is marked as being answered in "Freeze row and columns in Excel (and the same time)", but it is actually not. That question and its answers regard freezing both rows and columns, but only in one direction each. I need to freeze my top row(s) in both directions.  I have the following challenge in Excel 2010: I have a pivot table with several (4) slicers, and want to keep all the slicers and the first column of the pivot table visible at all times.  Using "Freeze panes", it is possible to freeze both the first column and the first row of the worksheet. The problem with this is that with exception of cell A1 (being in the first column), the first row is only frozen with respect to vertical scrolling. If I scroll horizontally, all slicers except one (the one covering cell A1) scrolls out of view.  The setup looks about like this (dummy data obviously, and with just two slicers):    Scrolling right and downwards, the first column stays visible as desired, and the first row also is visible, but only showing the first slicer:    How can I keep the slicers always in place?  Edit: One way to rephrase the question is, is it possible to add a completely static (with respects to scrolling) panel to a work sheet?

How can I lock both column and rows at the same time using the 'freeze panes' in Excel?     I can manage to freeze either columns or rows, but not both. I can do a similar thing with "split panes",  but this isn't quite what I want.