I have a C# WinForm that runs a batch file to flash a device through CMD.  I have a few variables (mostly file paths, but also a COM port # and a "setup" bool that drives a setup window if they're all unset) that are dependent on where the app was installed and what the port happens to be on that specific machine.  My initial thought process was to have a simple txt file that would have one of these on each line. I would stream read them in order at app startup and then decide to either run the app as normal, or first run a startup.  That said, there is a App.config already in my project, and I wondered if I would be better off using that, as I can't seem to include a txt file in my C# app the way I could in C++ and just refer to it.  Is one of these ways considered better than the other, or is it situational or just by choice? Or is there a better way I should be handling this that I haven't thought of?  I've never written a C# app to the point where I build it and set it up with an installer (there is a second program running in the background) so I'm a little lost with this - i'm not used to doing initial setup stuff as I do a lot of webapps which are all pretty persistent just by default or just write tools for myself and run them from within VB

What I want to achieve is very simple: I have a Windows Forms (.NET 3.5) application that uses a path for reading information. This path can be modified by the user, by using the options form I provide.  Now, I want to save the path value to a file for later use. This would be one of the many settings saved to this file. This file would sit directly in the application folder.  I understand three options are available:   ConfigurationSettings file (appname.exe.config) Registry Custom XML file   I read that the .NET configuration file is not foreseen for saving values back to it. As for the registry, I would like to get as far away from it as possible.  Does this mean that I should use a custom XML file to save configuration settings?  If so, I would like to see code example of that (C#).  I have seen other discussions on this subject, but it is still not clear to me.


How do I take the name of an image? For example: I upload images image_name.jpg. So the URL is http://localhost/xxxx/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/image_name.jpg.   So I just wanted to take the name of the image, not the URL.  How can I do that?   Thank you.

I'm using this code to list the image attachments of a post:        <select name="chb_homes_for_sale_specifics_floor_plan" style="width:100%;">         <option value="">Select</option>         <?php         $args = array(             'numberposts'     => -1,             'orderby'         => 'menu_order',             'order'           => 'ASC',             'post_type'       => 'attachment',             'post_parent'     => $post->ID,             'post_mime_type' => 'image'         );         $image = get_posts($args);         if($image) {             foreach($image as $key => $data) : ?>                  <option value="<?php echo $data->ID; ?>"><?php echo $data->post_title; ?></option>              <?php endforeach;         }         ?>       </select>   But what I'm showing currently is the attachment post_title but I want to show the file name instead. I could maybe use get attachment URL then parse the URL to get the file name but was wondering if there is a ready made way in WordPress to get the file name.


Here are the details   MY iphone 4s have a broken sleep/wake button!   The notification area is stuck midway and I can't do anything! I have assistive touch I have iTunes Phone have no passcode and I can use the Control Center and Siri    I need to force restart!  Please help!

Earlier today I was on my iPhone and it randomly froze so I turned it off. When I went to unlock it it wouldn't move. I couldn't unlock it or tap anything. So now I can only stay on the lock screen. I read on the Apple website that I should "force restart" it by pressing my home button and power button at the same time. The problem is my home button is stuck and doesn't work. What should I do?


Two cases:   When should numerous numerical predictors be grouped? is it just based off some theoretical knowledge on the predictors?  When should levels(>2) in a factor be grouped together?

I have read the that the group lasso is used for variable selection and sparsity in a group of variables.  I want to know the intuition behind this claim.   Why is group lasso preferred to lasso? Why is the group lasso solution path not piecewise linear?


How can I get a text superscript of the hash (#) symbol in Latex to work? I tried \textsuperscript{\#} to no avail.   I should have been more specific in my question. I am using \usepackage{fontspec} and \usepackage{xltxtra}, with \setmainfont{Calibri}. While Latex/Xelatex prints the #, it does not print it as superscript. When I use fonts Arial, Computer Modern, or Palatino, Latex correctly prints the # as superscript.   \documentclass[10pt, a4paper]{article} \usepackage{fontspec} \usepackage{xltxtra} \usepackage{microtype}  \defaultfontfeatures{Mapping=tex-text,Ligatures=TeX} \setmainfont{Calibri} \begin{document} \textsuperscript{\#}example \end{document}

I need to output the below text but since \ is a special character, I cannot:  [RegularExpression(@"\d+")]   Also sometimes I need use dollar sign $ as well but it seems to be a special char, too.  What is the way to escape those in LaTeX?  UPDATE:  I used \verb as suggested but I am unable to run commands inside it. Also, in the output the font and the opacity of the text is different than the default one:  \verb|[RegularExpression(\newline @"\d+")]|


My Mac's machine name is "system g" but over time some part of MacOS adds an incrementing number (eg, "system g(2)", "system g(5)" etc...  Why does it add this number and how can I prevent from adding the number?

Ever since I upgraded my 2009 iMac to Mavericks, I often get a message stating 'The name of your computer "Foo" is already in use on this network. The name has been changed to "Foo (2)".'. The number at the end will continuously increment over time as the same error keeps happening.  It is trivial enough to rename the computer back, but is there a way to prevent this from happening in future? I had an old Macbook Pro (running Mountain Lion) that had the same issue, but my early 2013 MBP running Mavericks doesn't seem to be suffering from this issue.


Can a person aged 24 rent a car in Ireland? I have tried a number of car rental companies but all of them have a minimum age requirement of 25.

My friend and I are planning a vacation to Ireland later this year. We'll be there for a week, flying into Dublin and then renting a car and driving around the country.  Both of us are 23. Are there any age restrictions on renting cars in Ireland? What would be the cheapest/best option for us?


Could you tell me what "would" function" here?  Questioner: hello. I've got a doubt concerning a statement to talk about the future: do we say the best student will win a prize or The best student is winning a prize?  Answer: The correct fom here WOULD be "will win". You WOULD say  "is winning" when you are describing the present - i.e. when you are watching the prize-giving ceremony

In the sentence "the best choice would be...", what does "would" mean in the following sentence?     Questioner: Is this sentence correct?   'Finished eating, we went to the zoo'.      Answer: I'm afraid that is not correct. The phrase 'Finished eating' is a participle phrase with a passive meaning and you need an active meaning here. The best choice would be 'Having finished eating...'.


Suppose that $M$ is a real square matrix, and that $M+M^T$ is positive-definite. Do $M$'s eigenvalues all have positive real parts?  Any references/proofs/counterexamples are welcomed.

Assume that $A$ is non-symmetric. "If $A+A^T$ is positive definite, the eigenvalues of $A$ have positive real parts" (originally, it was with negative definite/negative real parts, but I suspect it doesn't matter). This was claimed in a comment of an answer to .   Could anyone provide a proof for this?  Is the other direction true? If yes can anyone present a proof, if not a counterexample.  If $A$ is diagonalizable is the other direction true? If yes can anyone present a proof, if not a counterexample.    Thank you.  (In case anyone wonders what the motivation behind this is, I'm looking into it with the hope of getting some simple geometric intuition for the conditions of asymptotic stability of the origin of a continuous-time LTI system $\dot{x}=Ax$ (i.e. that the eigenvalues have negative real parts). If the other direction of the claim is true, it implies that the angle between the velocity vector $\dot{x}$ and the position vector $x$ is always greater than $\pi/2$, hence the state is always 'being pushed roughly in the direction of the origin'.)


The $\mathrm{d}x$ appears on integrals. I saw conflicting views regarding it. People sometimes write it does have a connection to differentiation and derivatives. Does it or does it not?

When I was at school and learning integration in maths class at A Level my teacher wrote things like this on the board.  $$\int f(x)\, dx$$  When he came to explain the meaning of the $dx$, he told us "think of it as a full stop".  For whatever reason I did not raise my hand and question him about it.  But I have always shaken my head at such a poor explanation for putting a $dx$ at the end of integration equations such as these.  To this day I do not know the purpose of the $dx$.  Can someone explain this to me without resorting to grammatical metaphors?


I'm trying to build a game and I have an error that comes up.  I'm relatively new to coding so any help is appreciated.  I try to run the following in Java to set up a frame using the JFrame library, but end up getting an error.  Thoughts on a solution?  package com.key.gameproject;  import javax.swing.JFrame;  public class MainClass {  public static void main(String args[]) {     System.out.println("Test");     JFrame frame = new JFrame();     frame.setSize(640, 480);     frame.setResizable(false);     frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);     frame.setVisible(true); }   }  Error:  Test Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException     at java.awt.Window.init(Window.java:497)     at java.awt.Window.<init>(Window.java:537)     at java.awt.Frame.<init>(Frame.java:420)     at java.awt.Frame.<init>(Frame.java:385)     at javax.swing.JFrame.<init>(JFrame.java:189)     at com.key.gameproject.MainClass.main(MainClass.java:9)   Update: I reinstalled Eclipse, Java and still running into the same issue.  Tried in a different IDE and also ran through terminal (javac, java) and still nothing works  Update 3/11 - I'm trying to run this on Mac high sierra which results in the above error.  However, on Windows it seems okay. javax.swing.JFrame (JFrame.java:189) looks exactly the same on both machines.  Again, I have already reinstalled multiple times and appreciate the help so far (@camickr).  The issue is still not resolved and I can't find a similar issue on Stack.

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


My website has a background color of #EEEEEE (238,238,238). I have an image with a light grey background I want to blend with this background. In Photoshop I used brightness adjustment to get (238,238,238). But when I put the image on my site it shows as #EEEDEE, so it doesn't blend nicely, and the difference is visible. I played with the magenta/green settings of Color Balance, but I never seem to get #EEEEEE in my browser, it's either #EEEDEE or #EEEFEE. I already switched from a .jpg file to a .png file.  How can I create the right color for my browser?

One of my friends, a graphic designer told me recently that sometimes colors in Photshop look slightly different than the ones rendered in browser.  I know it is possible when you save a file and then use it on a website due to palettes, but he uses given color in PS, for example #b81e1e, then he creates a DOM element and sets its background to #b81e1e and the color is rendered differently in browser than in PS (I guess it's not that subtle as he can easily spot it). It's not a regular thing and it doesn't happen always, but he states it happened to him a few times, although he can't really tell me with witch colors.    Is it even possible? Because I have never really heard about anything like this & nothing like this ever happened to me...


Ok so the official blender site says that if an amd card has gcn 1st gen or newer architecture, the amd card is compatible   And my card i.e. AMD Radeon R7 450 has GCN 1st Gen architecture as mentioned here   then also my Blender isnt recognising the card when i switch to open cl. That is a whole 4gb og GPU memory wasted Can anybody pls guide me as i have tried all available options Thanks in advance

I currently have 2 R9 280's and according to blender all GPU's with the new OpenGL and GCN 1ste gen are supported. But in blender 2.79 and 2.82 I can't seem to use it in any way. I know AMD is not that great but I am saving up for a 2060 and the dual R9 280's should work for now. can someone please help me to fix this. and command line codes I have to run or scripts I can use.


Although the coordinate systems in QGIS for 2 different vector layers are the same, there are differences between the boundaries.   How can I superimpose this data?      With the plugin or another way, I can overlap this, not with the coordinate system, because they are both in the same coordinate. I think this is because the drawings are wrong but I couldn't find the solution

I've got a vector layer in my project which isn't aligned with the rest of the project (see attached JPEG).  These are work files so I'm not sure when they were created or how they might have been messed with since they were created.  We moved from ArcGIS to QGIS a couple of years ago.  The infilled blue vector layer is the one I need to move, slightly north and east, so that it correlates to the blue line (also a vector).  All layers (and the project) are currently in EPSG:27700 - OSGB 1936.   If I need to create a new CRS based on OSGB 1936 and give it some new parameters, then how would I go about this?  Further information:  This is on Exmoor in SW England, and the data is uniformly almost exactly 8m out to the SW point to point - i.e I need to shift it 8m NE.


I want to know how display the last three "descriptions" from an RSS/ATOM feed on a PHP page.     I am extremely inexperienced with RSS/ATOM feeds and I am not sure if I have word this correctly or if it is even possible.

I'm currently using  but it sometimes falls over when the RSS or Atom feed isn't well formed. Are there any other options for parsing RSS and Atom feeds with PHP?


I've been invited to a maths themed Xmas after party. I need to prepare a selection of interesting, and relatively simple fallacious proofs which other guests will try and find the flaw in. I'm trying to avoid very well known ones, of course.  Each proof needs to fit comfortably on a large whiteboard.  Assume undergraduate level of maths knowledge, though the true cause of flaw does not have to be!   A place where i've previously found suitable material is 'Mathematical Fallacies and Flimflam' by Edward J Barbeau. In there is a good example of a simple fallacious proof of 1=2 using telescoping series, which can also be found here (p.2):   Feel free to share personal favourites, and make it as annoying to spot the flaw as possible!

If you know it, also try to include the precise reason why the proof is fallacious. To start this off, let me post the one that most people know already:    Let $a = b$.  Then $a^2 = ab$  $a^2 - b^2 = ab - b^2$  Factor to $(a-b)(a+b) = b(a-b)$  Then divide out $(a-b)$ to get $a+b = b$  Since $a = b$, then $b+b = b$  Therefore $2b = b$  Reduce to $2 = 1$   As @jan-gorzny pointed out, in this case, line 5 is wrong since $a = b$ implies $a-b = 0$, and so you can't divide out $(a-b)$.


In C#, Internally List encapsulate Array.In both data structure we can access the element using index. List<T> equals Array[T] and support adding/removing items.  If the capacity of the list is full then, internally new array with size equals to 2 * capacity will be created and all element are moved to new array. Is this true?  If true,then size of the array and list are increased dynamically. What are the benefits of using List<T> over Array[T] with Array.Resize(ref myArray, 2*size);?

MyClass[] array; List<MyClass> list;   What are the scenarios when one is preferable over the other? And why?


I am new to Ubuntu, I am working on AVR micro controller for that I need to use AVARICE software, by using synaptic package manager I installed AVARICE but I am not able to find it in application files.   so how to open that software? and if any knows about AVARICE I request to help me in working over it

How do I install a .deb file via the command line?


Can anyone solve this error? I have tried to make a list view but this errors come out when I run the code.  Error message:     2020-02-06 13:40:23.483 16037-16037/com.example.submissionexpert1   E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main Process:   com.example.submissionexpert1, PID: 16037   java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void   android.widget.TextView.setText(java.lang.CharSequence)' on a null   object reference       at com.example.submissionexpert1.FilmAdapter$ViewHolder.bind(FilmAdapter.java:68)       at com.example.submissionexpert1.FilmAdapter.getView(FilmAdapter.java:52)   My Code:      import android.content.Context;     import android.view.LayoutInflater;     import android.view.View;     import android.view.ViewGroup;     import android.widget.BaseAdapter;     import android.widget.ImageView;     import android.widget.TextView;     import java.util.ArrayList;      class FilmAdapter extends BaseAdapter {       private final Context context;     private ArrayList<Film> films = new ArrayList<>();      void setFilms(ArrayList<Film> films) {         this.films = films;     }      FilmAdapter(Context context) {         this.context = context;     }      @Override     public int getCount() {         return films.size();     }      @Override     public Object getItem(int i) {         return films.get(i);     }      @Override     public long getItemId(int i) {         return i;      }      @Override     public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) {         View itemView = view;         if (itemView == null) {             itemView = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_data, viewGroup, false);         }          ViewHolder viewHolder = new ViewHolder(itemView);     enter code here         Film film = (Film) getItem(i);         viewHolder.bind(film);         return itemView;     }      private class ViewHolder {         private TextView txtName;         private TextView txtDescription;         private ImageView imgPhoto;          ViewHolder(View view) {             txtName = view.findViewById(R.id.txt_name);             txtDescription = view.findViewById(R.id.txt_description);             imgPhoto = view.findViewById(R.id.img_photo);         }          void bind(Film film) {             txtName.setText(film.getNama());             txtDescription.setText(film.getOverview());             imgPhoto.setImageResource(film.getPhoto());         }     } }


The quiz covers all the material up to the week of the quiz Sept.30 - Oct.6.    Does this mean that September 29 is the last date, or that the week Sept.30 - Oct.6 is included in this span?

The study was carried out up to visit 11 under the name of X1,   whereas all later visits were carried out under a different name,   X2.   In the above sentence, does V11 belong to X1 or X2? I want the sentence to mean that V11 was included in X1, how should the sentence be then?


I was asked to write a document where I have to put temperatures like -51,4 degrees celcius. How can I do that in LaTeX? I tried   \usepackage{siunitx} ... \SI{-51{,}4}{\celsius}   but it turns the comma to the dot.

I'm using siunitx to input some big numbers and units in my document.  Is there a way to make the output of \num{3.14} be "3,13" instead of "3.13"? In Spanish, we use the first one.


This original question was: Are fonts rendered more beautifully with LaTeX than with other systems, such as Word?     The larger question really is: Beyond overall document layout, what specifically does TeX do to render text, words, paragraphs more beautifully?    There is a lot of information about the "beauty" of TeX in general elsewhere, however there isn't a consolidated, precise summary of the advantages.    (Update: I have consolidated all the information from the answers and other research into my answer  below.)

If you were asked to show examples of beautifully typeset documents in TeX & friends, what would you suggest? Preferably documents available online (I'm aware I could go to a bookstore and find many such documents called 'books'). Extra bonus for documents whose LaTeX source is available.  This is not an idle question. Seeing great examples of any craft is both educational and inspiring, let alone explaining why we prefer TeX to Word or other text editors.  For instance, I like how Philipp Lehman's  looks. I don't know enough LaTeX to realize how much customization was done, but the ToC looks polished.  Your nominations, please ...


So I downloaded Linux since it was free, but when I put my old computer discs in my computer it for some reason thinks it's an audio disc. Am I able to tell Linux that it's actually a game? Or do I have to get an actual windows operating system to play these games?

Can .exe and .msi files (Windows software) be installed in Ubuntu?


I just want to click somewhere on the window. Do we have any method to locate some element or anything on web browser to click on it?  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {     System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "D:\\Amar\\Selinium\\chromedriver\\chromedriver.exe");     WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();     driver.get("https:\\www.google.com");     driver.findElement(By.linkText("Gmail")).click();     driver.findElement(By.linkText("SIGN IN")).click();     WebElement Email = driver.findElement(By.id("identifierId"));     Email.sendKeys("abc@gmail@gmail.com");     System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());     driver.findElement(By.id("identifierNext")).click();     Thread.sleep(60);     System.out.println(driver.getCurrentUrl());     driver.findElement(By.name("password")).sendKeys("PASSWORD"); }

When automating UI tests with Selenium, it is often not absolutely clear what method and what locator to use to locate an element. Some locators are less reliable, less readable than others. And, usually, there are a lot of options to get to a desired element.  To be specific, here are some things we've enforced (with ESLint) in our UI test automation project (using Protractor for testing an AngularJS application):   no bootstrap classes used inside CSS selectors (the idea is to use as less UI/layout-specific things to locate elements as possible) no internal angular classes inside CSS selectors - things like ng-scope or ng-binding are pure-technical and should not be used inside locators do not use "xpath" unless absolutely necessary (encouraged by this )   The Question:  What other recommendations are there for locating elements in Selenium?


I am interested in btrfs and I start understanding and loving it COW process.   But what I understand is that I need to do snapshots to keep track of all modifications done on file. What happen when there are multiples modifications between 2 snapshots? I guess I just have the last state at snapshot time.  Is there a way with btrfs or another filesystem to keep track of all modifications on files (including moving files)? IIRC DEC had such features keeping all files backups with ~ extension then  ~~ then ~~~ and so on.

We are migrating from A VMS environment to a Linux environment for some old alpha servers we are decommissioning. The one challenge I have not been able to overcome is file versioning. VMS keeps multiple copies of the same file by using a version flag. I have found multiple options on source forge however I have not found anyone who has experience with any of these in a major production environment. the reson this is needed is because the feeds from other systems do not take unique file names into account. We are trying to keep our scope as light as possible.   Any help is greatly appreciated.  The 2 main ones that appear to be available are:   Wayback EtcKeeper - not sure If you can apply it to only one directory or multiple.    Has anyone used these in an enterprise environment? Are there other options I should be considering?


There's a link to "hot topics" on the right, but those link to individual posts, not to the list of posts. And there's a link to the general meta.stackexchange.com site (though it's not very prominent), possibly leading people to post questions there that might better be answered on the individual site's meta.  And of course by "whatever" I mean "any old Stack Exchange site, such as gaming.stackexchange.com or android.stackexchange.com", not literally "whatever.stackexchange.com"!

Right now from a main site, it takes TWO CLICKS to get to http://meta.SITE.stackexchange.com/ - ONE!  TWO!    Why not ONE click on the "Hot Meta Posts" & "Featured On Meta" -


Strangely when I compare '-' (hyphen) with a '_' (underscore) , I'm getting weird results. Although I expect the output of both the below statements to be false , the first one returns true while the second one returns false.   Select case when '-' like '_' then 'true' else 'false' end -- returns true Select case when '_' like '-' then 'true' else 'false' end -- returns false   Any clarification would be helpful.

How do I escape the underscore character?  I am writing something like the following where clause and want to be able to find actual entries with _d at the end.  Where Username Like '%_d'


Right before shutting down the VM, I would like to shut down certain windows services(in the same VM) our application using(graceful shut down). Is there an event in Azure VM that I can hook a powershell script to, so that it executes before shutting down the VM? The current solution is to keep a schedule for Services shut down and then another schedule to shut down VM(every day). But when we need to deploy in between, then this approach fails.

How do you schedule a task in Windows XP to run when you shutdown windows. Such that I want to run a simple command line program I wrote in c# everytime I shut down windows. There doesn't seem to be an option in scheduled tasks to perform this task when my computer shuts down.


In electric circuit theory, the combined resistance $R$ of two resistors $R_1 > 0$ and $R_2 > 0$ connected in parallel obeys  $$\frac{1}{R} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2}$$  Show that $$R < \sqrt{\frac{R_1 R_2}{2}}$$. This proves that $R$ cannot be large if the individual resistances $R_1$ and $R_2$ are small.  Can anyone show me how to solve this questions?

Exact question: In electric circuit theory, the combined resistance $R$ of two resistors $R_1>0$ and $R_2>0$ connected in parallel obeys $$\frac{1}{R}=\frac{1}{R_1}+\frac{1}{R_2}$$  Show that $R<\sqrt{\frac{R_1R_2}{2}}$.  This proves that $R$ cannot be large if the individual resistances $R_1$ and $R_2$ are small.


Simply as stated, with AES running in CTR mode, can somebody work out the key (without brute-forcing) given we know about the plaintext, IV and also the ciphertext.  Assuming we also know about the cipher block size & key length.  In other words, we have the pseudo random AES CTR stream + IV, can we work out what the key is?

I have a file, which was encrypted with AES-128 in ECB mode. I know the format of the original file and know that all files in this format have the same headers. So, I have an encrypted block and the original block.  Can I get the encryption key, using this information?


If I want a specific field to be visible only to a specific user or group of users on a layout, I set up field-level security for this field. I want to be able to do the same for my custom button added to a layout. I want a specific button be visible only by a specific group of users.  Is there a way to set a 'button-level' security in order to achieve this? It would be perfect if I could use a permission set.  UPDATE: I know that there were some questions on how to hide a specific button depending on a specific value of an object's field (I already use this solution is another situation), but I want a different thing. I want to be able to specify a permission to see a specific button for a specific group of users.

We have 2 custom buttons on a standard lead detailed page. I would like to show one button and hide another button on page load using javascript by querying the lead and finding a value in one text box field. The logic is if the textbox value is null, we want to show one custom button which has its own javascript code, else we will hide the custom buttton and show another one with its own javascript code. Is this possible and if so how do we do this? Buyan


Any idea why it is said that, if electron is a particle it'll spiral into the nucleus and disintegrate in 10^-14 seconds?   to

I'm having trouble understanding the simple "planetary" model of the atom that I'm being taught in my basic chemistry course.   In particular,    I can't see how a negatively charged electron can stay in "orbit" around a positively charged nucleus. Even if the electron actually orbits the nucleus, wouldn't that orbit eventually decay?  I can't reconcile the rapidly moving electrons required by the planetary model with the way atoms are described as forming bonds. If electrons are zooming around in orbits, how do they suddenly "stop" to form bonds.     I understand that certain aspects of quantum mechanics  to address these problems, and that there are  of atoms. My question here is whether the planetary model itself addresses these concerns in some way (that I'm missing) and whether I'm right to be uncomfortable with it.


I have Ubuntu 14.04 LTS installed on a Win 7 64-bit machine via VirtualBox 5.0.14. Now I want to install a Ubuntu-based software suite called Archivematica. The instructions begin this way:  Add the archivematica/release PPA to your list of trusted repositories (if add-apt-repositories is not available you must install python-software- properties first):  sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install python-software-properties sudo add-apt-repository ppa:archivematica/1.4   Firstly, I could not figure out how to add a trusted repository and don't know how to tell whether add-apt-repositories is available.  Secondly, when I enter the first sudo command and try to enter a password when prompted in the terminal window, no characters appear as I type.  Can anyone offer insight into these issues? Many thanks in advance.

When I'm about to install a program in the terminal it wants the password:  [sudo] password for xxx:   But when I start to type my password nothing happens. What should I do?


I created the file ~/.bash_aliases within these lines:  # my alias here  eclipse="eclipse</dev/null &>/dev/null &" okular="okular</dev/null &>/dev/null &" libre="libreoffice</dev/null &>/dev/null &"   My ~/.bashrc is ready to find aliases:  if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then     . ~/.bash_aliases fi   I then executed . ~/.basharc and also source .bashrc but aliases I created still don't work.

I would like to create an alias to rm command in order to have a confirmation message after executing this command. So I am creating an alias like this alias rm='rm -i'. But as far as I know this is a temporary alias and it lives until you close the terminal.  As it is explained  to save alias permanently I need to execute ~/.bash_aliases or ~/.bashrc commands in terminal and add my alias there. But when I execute ~/.bashrc I get following error message :  bash: /home/bakhtiyor/.bashrc: Permission denied   When I run ~/.bash_aliases I get another error message like this:  bash: /home/bakhtiyor/.bash_aliases: File or directory doesn't exist.   What is the actual problem and how can I solve it?


I installed ubuntu together with windows 10 in a PC originally running windows 10. In the UEFI firmware I disabled the secure booting and the fast booting and put in the order of booting, ubuntu first.  The grub booting of ubuntu shows the choice to boot with ubuntu or with the windows boot manager. So far, the dual booting seems to work well.  But if I boot Windows from the window booting manager in the menu of booting, when restarting the PC again the booting don't go to that menu and automatically open windows. Checking the UEFI firmware the secure booting and fast booting are kept disabled, but the order of booting move windows back to the first position. (?).  Notice that the windows manager don't remove the grub booting manager, as if I change the order of booting in the firmware, putting again ubuntu first is the grub manager that takes control and I am able to open ubuntu again. What the booting from the windows manager do is to change the order  of booting in the firmware, placing windows first, and not removing grub.

I have a Sony VAIO S series with Windows 8 preinstalled, and I installed Ubuntu 12.10 on a new partition. When the PC boots Grub is display, and I can choose between Windows 8 (didn't worked at the beginning, had to change Grub settings) and Ubuntu 12.10. When I select Ubuntu 12.10 everything is OK, but when I use Windows 8, and I restart Grub isn't displayed anymore (Windows 8 boots immediately).  I booted a Ubuntu 12.10 LiveUSB, used efibootmgr, and found out that Windows 8 (each time it boots) changes EFI default bootloader from Grub to Windows Boot Manager.  How do I change this in Windows 8? I read something about bcdedit, but it does not work or I don't know how to use it...


Yesterday night, I have installed Ubuntu 12.04 LTS through Wubi, since I don't want it to be on a CD or a USB. Later that night, I have updated the version from 12.04 LTS to 13.10. It asked me to reboot to complete the installation of the update, so I did that.   Afterwards, like normal booting, it asked me which OS do I want to open. Windows 7 or Ubuntu, so I chose Ubuntu, of course, but, after I clicked on the Ubuntu button, the Ubuntu start up screen shows (the Ubuntu logo which has five grey loading dots under it) and then it disappears and turns into a black screen with a white line. The white line isn't even moving. What's going on? Please help.

I am trying to boot Ubuntu on my computer.  When I boot Ubuntu, it boots to a black screen.  How can I fix this? Table of Contents:


I am having trouble storing multiple float values and adding them to a list to let it expand. I am getting the error "'float' object is not iterable"... while True:      #some code here      value_list = [value]     value_list.extend(value)     print("saving list", value_list)     print("max", max(price_list))      time.sleep(600)  value is scraping data from a website that I own with certain prices and it is converting it to float and the shared code is in a while True statement to show if the price changes overtime, then I want it to display the highest value from the stored list.

What's the difference between the list methods append() and extend()?


Double quotes in the following example are not displaying correctly. What I may be missing here and how can I make it look like "example"?  Environment: MikTeX on Windows 10.  \documentclass[11pt]{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \begin{document}  \section*{Examples }  Following is an "example"  for test:  \[\frac{a}{c}\]  \end{document}   PDF file screenshot of the above tex file:    UPDATE:  Comments from users @Schrödinger's cat and @egreg yields the following. This probably seems to be the correct way of doing it in LaTeX. I was hoping for "example" that does not seem to be the correct way in tex:  From LaTex file:  Following is an ``example'' for test:  Another test “example”   PDF output:

There are several types of  in the English language (and in other languages there are even more). There are also several ways in LaTeX to represent these. I have seen editors, that are capable of directly entering “ and ”. And I have also seen things like this `''.  So, what is the best way to do English quotation marks in LaTeX?


I am trying to remember the title of a story where a man is sent back in time to collect extinct animals for his era's zoo. For some reason, he only locates and brings back mythical creatures. I read it in the 1980's.

So, as I vaguely remember it. It was set in the distant future were a dictator rules the Earth. By this point carbon dioxide was so high most life outside of humans was extinct. So the dictator built a special zoo with the right atmospheric conditions. Then he sent crews back in time to retrieve things. But, unbeknownst to them they were sliding sideways through the dimensions. So when they went to get a horse they got a unicorn instead, a real drake instead of a komodo dragon, etc. The unicorn gored one of them really bad. The drake burned another pretty bad.  Somewhere along the way they speculate on what happened to the rocs of myth and figured it was the ostrich and they re-enabled the disabled DNA pairs and suddenly had a roc that broke free, escaped, and quickly suffocated to death in the high CO2 atmosphere.  I remember them all nearly dying because someone sent to get the first automobile built by Henry Ford screwed up and accidentally destroyed the original. And that changed time so that Ford never started an auto industry so the air never got polluted, etc., and everyone in the future, accustomed to the high CO2, was dying without it.  Does anyone know the author and book/story names?


The index of refraction can be written as $$n=\frac{\lambda_v}{\lambda_m}$$ where $\lambda_v$ is the wavelength in a vacuum and $\lambda_m$ is the wavelength in the medium. I’ve been told that since wavelength appears in the definition of an index of refraction, an index of refraction varies with wavelength. However, why would that be the case? The index of refraction is a ratio; if a wavelength of one wave is different from that of another wave passing through the same medium, the index of refraction should not be different for each wave, since they would have had different wavelengths in a vacuum too. So why is the index of refraction dependent on the wavelength?

I read in a book about optical fibers that the different spectral components of a light pulse transmitted in the fiber propagate with different velocities due to a wavelength dependent refractive index. Can someone explain that? Why is that silica refractive index depends on the wavelength/frequency of the wave?


Is this comma needed or allowed?   As a citizen, I think that this problem undermines the right to privacy.   Or should it be written this way instead:   As a citizen I think that this problem undermines the right to privacy.

I am no native speaker and always confused about the comma in introductory phrases, in particular in prepositional phrases. Is there any hard rule when a comma must be set? If I make a google search for certain phrases, I often find both variants. Typical examples where I am not sure whether a comma must be set are:        First[ly][,] I must phone mother   In this case[,] we must...   For simple problems[,] the algorithm...   From Lemma 1.2[,] we obtain...   For a typical user[,] the algorithm...   In our theory[,] we...   A dark line on the horizon[,] the mountain range we were headed for seemed somehow not as threatening as when we had started out on the trip.   Avidly reading her novel[,] Jane did not notice that her stop was approaching.   To be sure[,] it is not easy to see a solution.   When you get to Rome[,] give me a ring.


When I write a friend declaration like this  template<typename T> struct Foo {};  struct Bar {      friend class Foo<Bar>; };   everything is fine. However, when I use a typedef  template<typename T> struct Foo {};  struct Bar {     typedef Foo<Bar> FooBar;      friend class FooBar; };   gcc (4.4.7) complains with  error: using typedef-name ‘Bar::FooBar’ after ‘class’  error: ‘Bar::FooBar’ has a previous declaration here  error: friend declaration does not name a class or function   I always thought a typedef behaves exactly the same as if I typed the original type.... Is it not allowed to use a typedef here? or am I just using it wrong?  PS: the template turned out to be a red herring, the following will cause the same error  struct Foo{}; struct Bar{     typedef Foo FooBar;     friend class FooBar; };

Does anyone know why typedefs of class names don't work like class names for the friend declaration?  class A { public: };  class B : public A { public:    typedef A SUPERCLASS; };  typedef A X;  class C { public:    friend class A;             // OK    friend class X;             // fails    friend class B::SUPERCLASS; // fails };


I bought a MacBook Pro 13 inch 2017 two days ago and it’s been already 4 cycles   Is it something that I have to care about?

I have two Mac book Pros:    A 2013 Unibody retina that I use every day An older 2006 model with removable battery that I use a couple of times a month (when not in use, it's not connected to the AC. I recently replaced the battery, as the old one swelled apart).   I use them as desktop replacements, so I don't use the battery that often.   What's the best way to prolong battery lifespan? - If keeping the machines hooked up to the AC is a bad idea, then for how many hours each day should I use the battery?    Here is my research: There's a lot of conflicting advice.   Calibration  A lot of sources, say you should calibrate the battery by letting it run down to 0% each month. For example, this , this  article. All these articles were written in 2013/12 and cite Apple.com as the source for this advice.  However, the  page makes no reference to calibration. Is this because calibration is a bad idea, or is it because Apple no longer sells devices with removable batteries and so the advice is different?  Deep discharge  Other sources, such as this  question, imply that letting the battery drain is a bad idea, so using the AC whenever possible is actually a good thing.   Please note I am talking about the overall battery life span (e.g. the time the battery has before it needs to be replaced) and not increasing the day-to-day hours of the battery.


I have a code which uses multiple SQL queries. Should i use String to store these different SQL queries or should i use a StringBuilder.   If using StringBuilder should i have each query in a new StringBuilder object or use a single StringBuilder object.

I understand the difference between String and StringBuilder (StringBuilder being mutable) but is there a large performance difference between the two?   The program I’m working on has a lot of case driven string appends (500+). Is using StringBuilder a better choice?


Show that the series   $$\sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n\, (\log n)^s}$$ converges for $s >1$ and diverges for $s=1$.

We all know that $\displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^s}$ converges for $s>1$ and diverges for $s \leq 1$ (Assume $s \in \mathbb{R}$).  I was curious to see till what extent I can push the denominator so that it will still diverges.  So I took $\displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n\log n}$ and found that it still diverges. (This can be checked by using the well known test that if we have a monotone decreasing sequence, then $\displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} a_n$ converges iff $\displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} 2^na_{2^n}$ converges).  No surprises here. I expected it to diverge since $\log n$ grows slowly than any power of $n$.   However, when I take $\displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n(\log n)^s}$, I find that it converges $\forall s>1$.  (By the same argument as previous).   This doesn't make sense to me though.   If this were to converge, then I should be able to find a $s_1 > 1$ such that  $\displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n^{s_1}}$ is greater than $\displaystyle \sum_{n=2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{n (\log n)^s}$  Doesn't this mean that in some sense $\log n$ grows faster than a power of $n$?   (or)  How should I make sense of (or) interpret this result?  (I am assuming that my convergence and divergence conclusions are right).


I tried to install steam but is impossible to run it  I get this when I try to run it  steam Running Steam on ubuntu 12.10 64-bit STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically ILocalize::AddFile() failed to load file "public/steambootstrapper_english.txt". Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(0_client) Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1.0_client) Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1.0_client) Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1.0_client) SteamUpdater: Error: Download failed: http error 0SteamUpdater: Error: Steam needs to be online to update.  Please confirm your network connection and try again. Installing bootstrap /home/elin3t/.local/share/Steam/bootstrap.tar.xz Running Steam on ubuntu 12.10 64-bit STEAM_RUNTIME has been set by the user to: /home/elin3t/.local/share/Steam/ubuntu12_32/steam-runtime ILocalize::AddFile() failed to load file "public/steambootstrapper_english.txt". Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(0_client) Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1.0_client) Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1.0_client) Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1.0_client) SteamUpdater: Error: Download failed: http error 0 SteamUpdater: Error: Steam needs to be online to update.  Please confirm your network connection and try again.   and this is my hardware VGA   lspci | grep VGA 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI RV710 [Radeon HD 4350]   And this my distro version  lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description:    Ubuntu 12.10 Release:    12.10 Codename:   quantal   thanks if some can help me!!  I tried the forum solution but I didnt found the registry.vdf file to change the lines

I tried re-installing  it but it simply keeps giving me this error in a little window. When I close it, an identical error pops up some 3 seconds later without any new provocation.


When I lock the screen with Super+R and log in again (doesn't matter how long the lockscreen is on for) the "original" GNOME dock appears underneath the ubuntu/dashtodock one and causes Super+[1-9] keys not to work and bugs out some icons of applications that are not added to favorites.   When I reset GNOME by using Alt+F2 "r" this disappears and there is a window saying "Ubuntu bug" stating that there was a problem and in details it says it was a problem with GNOME shell. I already sent the report at least 10 times.

What's going on here? I've installed the  on Ubuntu 17.10. Everything was cool, and as I was trying to hone and tweak the look of my desktop, at some point the shortcuts bar (dock?) on the left is duplicated.  (Click image to enlarge) The default, which normally disappears with Dash to Dock, is there underneath the one that usually shows up when I install Dash to Dock. Why? I've tried to go through the options for Dash to Dock, the GNOME Tweak Tool, and the regular Ubuntu settings, but I can't figure it out.


My laptop has an Intel® Core™ i5-3337U CPU @ 1.80GHz × 4 processor. On the Ubuntu website, it says that I need a 2 GHz dual core processor as a requirement to install Ubuntu 18.04. Does this mean that I cannot install it?  Here are the full specs of my laptop:

The minimum system requirements for 18.04 are "2 GHz dual core processor or better"; would a quad-core at 1.8 GHz meet (or approximate) this requirement?


I want to make my script wait for n seconds, during which user can abort the script. My code till now looks like this   echo "Start Date provided :" $STARTDATE echo "End date provided :" $ENDDATE echo "" echo "Please check the dates provided and in case of error press CTRL+C" seq 1 15 |while read i; do echo -ne "\rWaiting for $i seconds"; sleep 1; done echo "" echo "Executing query on the remote side, please wait..."   When the user presses ctrl+c though what happens is that the while loop ends and continues executing the rest of the script.   How can I make it abort the entire script? Thanks in advance for any advise

to  proposes a 1-line method to timeout a long-running command from the bash command line: ( /path/to/slow command with options ) & sleep 5 ; kill $!  But it's possible that a given "long-running" command may finish earlier than the timeout. (Let's call it a "typically-long-running-but-sometimes-fast" command, or tlrbsf for fun.) So this nifty 1-liner approach has a couple of problems. First, the sleep isn't conditional, so that sets an undesirable lower bound on the time taken for the sequence to finish. Consider 30s or 2m or even 5m for the sleep, when the tlrbsf command finishes in 2 seconds — highly undesirable. Second, the kill is unconditional, so this sequence will attempt to kill a non-running process and whine about it. So... Is there a way to timeout a typically-long-running-but-sometimes-fast ("tlrbsf") command that  has a bash implementation (the other question already has Perl and C answers) will terminate at the earlier of the two: tlrbsf program termination, or timeout elapsed will not kill non-existing/non-running processes (or, optionally: will not complain about a bad kill) doesn't have to be a 1-liner can run under Cygwin or Linux  ... and, for bonus points  runs the tlrbsf command in the foreground any 'sleep' or extra process in the background  such that the stdin/stdout/stderr of the tlrbsf command can be redirected, same as if it had been run directly? If so, please share your code. If not, please explain why. I have spent awhile trying to hack the aforementioned example but I'm hitting the limit of my bash skills.


I have a real interval $\mathbb{S} \subset ]0; 1[$.  How can I find the smallest $n \in \mathbb{N}$, for which there is a $k \in \mathbb{N}$, for which $\frac{k}{n} \in \mathbb{S}$?  1The important thing is to do this effectively. For example, just trying all the possible denominators $\frac{1}{d-c}$ for the interval $]c, d[$, would work, but it is obviously not effective (like if we would decide the least common multiple of two natural numbers by trying all the natural numbers smaller than their multiple).  2The problem came into my mind as an interesting, l'art pour l'art programming problem, what I formulated also as a . However, meanwhile I became curious also to the math side, which can be the optimal algorithm, or a nearly optimal one.

Given a closed interval [a,b], how would you find the "simplest rational", p/q, contained in that interval. By simplest, I mean the rational with the smallest denominator q. You may, if you wish assume that the interval is very small. We can already construct a rational contained in the interval, but in general our constructed rational does not have the smallest q. Thank You.


I've tried many of the answers found here. Even the ones that supposedly could write to the SD card, won't work. When I eject the card and put it again the file is like it was before the write.  So how to write to SD cards in windows? I just need to edit a text file with notepad++.

I have two questions on ext4:   Is there currently a way to mount an ext4 partition in Windows (XP/Vista/7) to get basic read support? If not, are there any plans to support this someday?


I'm have been working on a project to create PDF forms using PDFView4Net. While the library is generally good, the forms creator is primitive and lacking basic features (such as copy/paste, alignment, formatting, etc.) when working with form fields (i.e. text boxes, check boxes, etc.).   The problem: I have been extending the functionality for field objects and getting tripped up on copy/paste. To do this, I need a deep copy of the object with no references to the original whatsoever. I emailed the vendor, requesting information about their recommended method for copying these objects, to which they replied I needed make a copy of each property by hand, manually ... beats head on desk. These are large classes, with multiple embedded classes as properties, as well as UI elements.  The question: Are there any good methods out there that perform a deep copy for complex objects that don't require serialization, doesn't require access to or changes to the source classes and doesn't require a default constructor?  What I have tried/reviewed: I have researched various ways to make a deep copy of an object and discarded them one by one:   Manually, Property by Painstaking Property: I attempted this with the first of 7 field objects (PDFTextBoxField), but it quickly got out of hand with the multitude properties that are also different types of classes. In the end, I still had lingering references to the original object where it a shallow copy was created instead of a deep copy as intended. Serialization: The classes are not marked as Serializable, nor will the vendor change this. I asked them to and they said no. ICloneable: Would need to be implemented by the vendor. AutoMapper: This seems to be for copying data from one or more object types into another object type. The objects I'm working with are the same type. Though I'm not opposed to using this if it is the best solution. Emit Mapper: This project appears to have been abandoned. MemberwiseClone: Does a shallow copy, not the deep copy I'm looking for, though this is suggested on a ton of other posts when the questioner specifically requests a deep copy. Value Injecter: I implemented FastDeepCloneInjection from  on CodePlex but the majority of the classes that need to be injected from do not have a 0 parameter constructor which is required when creating a new instance for the copy. ValueInjecter doesn't allow skipping of certain properties, or I would just skip the items with no default constructor and leave them set to null (the default). I ran into this right away with the very first class. To attempt to get around the issue, I created a wrapper class inherited from the original and cast the original into the wrapper (and vice versa on return), but I don't think that's a good solution.   Edit: I really do not feel this question is a duplicate. I've searched extensively for a solution, including the post marked as the duplicate/original, and was unable to find a satisfactory resolution. As stated, I don't have access to change the classes that I need to copy. This discounts DataContractSerializer, BinaryFormatter, and any other type of serialization. This also discounts the reflection examples I've seen using Activator.CreateInstance, as about 95% of the classes I need to copy don't have a constructor that takes 0 arguments. This is the same issue I ran into using ValueInjecter. This also discounts using ICloneable.

I want to do something like:  MyObject myObj = GetMyObj(); // Create and fill a new object MyObject newObj = myObj.Clone();   And then make changes to the new object that are not reflected in the original object.  I don't often need this functionality, so when it's been necessary, I've resorted to creating a new object and then copying each property individually, but it always leaves me with the feeling that there is a better or more elegant way of handling the situation.  How can I clone or deep copy an object so that the cloned object can be modified without any changes being reflected in the original object?


I have Problems with my Lenovo notebook, and I want to reinstall windows 7 64 bit Pro. I downloaded the Iso but was not able to activate via the OEM key under my battery.  since digitalriver is down, where do I get the Windows OEM versions?

A friend has asked me to repair his Toshiba laptop after a virus crashed it. I've managed to do a clean re-install using the built in recovery partition, but the newly installed Windows is running absurdly slow. As in, it takes upwards of 30 minutes between logging in and the desktop actually showing, and once up doing anything has the same kind of wait periods. Booting up in safe mode seems to be working just fine, however.  I've done the re-install twice now and had the same problem both times. I've also noticed that the Toshiba install comes with a huge amount of bloatware and I'm worried that this is contributing to the issue. Even if its not, it definitely isn't helping things. Since I have his product key and a compatible Windows 7 install disc I've been debating whether to just use that instead.  My question is: is there any potential issue using a standard install disc instead of the built-in OEM version? I realize that I'd have to go find all of the drivers and manually install them this way, but that'd be a small price to pay if it actually works. And I wouldn't have to spend time going through and removing all the useless apps the OEM version adds in. So other than missing drivers, what problems could I run into?  (EDIT) I have used a linux live cd to check the hard disk and it is doing fine. I've tried removing some of the bloat while in safe mode, but half of the apps are could not be uninstalled due to errors/missing uninstaller/whatever. Starting up with a clean boot did not show any real difference in performance.


My "very low quality" flag of  has been declined, with a note that     The correct procedure here is to comment, down-vote or even edit.   I don't think there is much to comment on an answer consisting of a single word, hyperlinked to the correct page. What could my comment possibly say? "Please embed your link into a better answer"?  Downvoting this answer would be inappropriate, too, because the link leads you to the correct page.  Finally, editing a single-word answer is very much like making a stone soup - it is the same as writing a brand-new answer.  Should there be a rule that all answers consisting of a single link without meaningful explanation be considered very low quality?

Related:  (not a dupe, that's a feature request and was closed as a dupe of another one)        (old) post does indeed say that Link-only answers can be flagged as NAA, but there are a lot of posts like  which define Not An Answer is a way that it doesn't apply to link-only answers.  Can we get some up-to-date consensus on this? That link only answers are not allowed is .


Some time ago I got a wonderful snippet of code from this site to help work with multilingual environments. It lets have just one field, language, instead of two, language and hyphenation. I keep having to use two fields for working with Cyrillic for some reason. Can somebody explain why fieldsource is language and fieldset is langid? I cannot figure this out and thus cannot modify the code.  \DeclareSourcemap{     \maps{         \map{             \step[fieldsource=language, fieldset=langid, origfieldval, final]             \step[fieldset=language, null]         }     } }   MWE  \documentclass[12pt,a4paper,twoside]{memoir} \usepackage[T1,T2A]{fontenc} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[greek.ancient,latin,english,german,french,dutch,italian,spanish,russian]{babel} \usepackage[backend=biber,citestyle=verbose-trad1,language=auto,autolang=other,autocite=footnote,citetracker=true,ibidtracker=false,opcittracker=false,citereset=chapter,citepages=omit]{biblatex} \ExecuteBibliographyOptions{sorting=nty,notetype=foot+end} \usepackage{csquotes} \usepackage{tocvsec2} \usepackage{calc} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{microtype} \usepackage{filecontents} \usepackage{hyphenat}  \usepackage{filecontents}   \DeclareSourcemap{     \maps{         \map{             \step[fieldsource=language, fieldset=langid, origfieldval, final]             \step[fieldset=language, null]         }     } }  \begin{filecontents}{bib.bib}   @Book{G:2, author = {Успенский, Ф.}, title = {История}, editor = {Успенский, Ф.}, language = {russian}, }  \end{filecontents}  \addbibresource{bib.bib}  \begin{document}  Test.\autocites{G:2}  \end{document}

Could someone summarise the differences in the use of the langid field from language field in biblatex? Documentation to Gost package for bibtex says that langid is a synonym of language but has priority over it.


I'm working on this project including a cylinder with holes in it. I've made the holes using the boolean modifier by subtracting smaller cylinders from the main cylinder. Here's an image of the entire object in case that helps to answer my question:    The object got lot's of edges that I want to smooth out using the subdivision modifier, but like a lot of you might know, this action will cause an action resulting in this mess:      I'm pretty sure the problem is caused by all the loose vertices around the holes that aren't connected to anything. Please speak your mind and tell me if I'm wrong.  I've tried to connect all the vertices between the holes, which resulted in a way better finish than before, but still not perfect. It takes forever to do so, and I end up with way more vertices than I need, so I'd prefer an alternative if possible. Here you can see the result I got, but be aware I haven't done this on the inside, so focus on how it on the outside:      I know you can just subdivide the cylinder before subtracting the holes, but then the holes don't get smoothed out. This was the solution answered to another question asked by 'user5199' on this link:   That is, of course, a possible way to fix the problem, but I think there has to be a simpler way to smooth everything (incl. the holes) without destroying the object as shown on my 3rd image.  Any suggestions? Any experience?

I'm trying to model a M16 but I have a problem with cutting the holes on top of the handguard of the weapon.     As you can see in the picture above, I have tried to cut holes into the handguard (The marked mesh in edit mode) with the object above it (The multiple cylinder one). But I simply can't. I have tried the Boolean modifier but the handguard just disappears and doesn't make any holes. Same with the Knife Project thing. Nothing works, it won't make a hole in it. I also installed the BoolTool 0.2 but that didn't work either...The multiple cylinder object goes invisible and doesn't make any cuts.    In the picture above you can see how I want the cuts to be made. I want the holes of the multiple cylinder object to be there on the handguard when I take it away. Nothing works. The 3 methods I tried with worked on other parts of this model but not on the handguard. It should be the handguards mesh's fault but I can do nothing about it. Is there any solution?


Under what circumstances would a University revoke a student's undergraduate bachelor's degree if something was discovered after the degree was awarded, but actually happened when the student was still enrolled in the University?   Is there any examples of degrees being revoked? If so, what types of academic misconduct would justify this? What types of alleged offences would be able to be proven after the fact? Would the blame be placed on the University since it would have been beneficial for the student to remediate their situation to plan and still graduate at his/her desired date if it were addressed at the proper time? Would a student be able to sue the University for something like this?   Question is kind of vague but any general insight is helpful.   This is asked in regards to a typical person doing an undergrad, not unique stories regarding celebrities and/or high-end people getting doctorate degrees revoked for non-academic reasons. Only purely academic and the steps/reasoning for why it happened, not just what the allegation was.  Thanks.

I was looking at , where in the asker was considering doing homework for students for a fee. My initial thought was that it's possible he went to the same university*, and if discovered they would attempt to revoke his degree. I considered that this would be analogous to failing and expelling a current student who was found to be breaking the academic honesty policy. I know that some universities have recently retracted honorary degrees awarded, but of course, the course work was never done to deserve these degrees. So my question is...  Is it possible for a university to retract a degree that had previously been awarded for a full course completion if the individual does something that would clearly harm the university/violate the ethics of the university?  *this is completely speculative, and the question is theoretical at best


$n\geq 1$ Random variables $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ follows a distribution including unknown parameters $\theta_1,\theta_2>0$ $$\begin{eqnarray} f(x\mid\theta_1,\theta_2)  =   \begin{cases}     \frac{1}{\theta_1+\theta_2} \exp\{-\frac{x}{\theta_1}\} & ( x \geqq 0 ) \\[6pt]     \frac{1}{\theta_1+\theta_2} \exp\{\frac{x}{\theta_2}\} & ( x \lt 0 )   \end{cases} \end{eqnarray}$$ And, $$S_1= \sum_{j=1}^n \max\{X_j,0\}, \quad S_2= \sum_{j=1}^n \min\{X_j,0\}$$ I need to express the likelihood function using $S_1,S_2$ and get maximum likelihood extimator of $\theta_1,\theta_2$.  I thought the likelihood function is $$\left( \frac{1}{\theta_1+\theta_2}\right)^n \exp\left\{-\frac{S_1}{\theta_1}-\frac{S_2}{\theta_2}\right\}$$ but not sure if this work. Even if it is correct I don't know how to get the maximum likelihood for the estimator in multiple functions.

I am trying to find the MLE of $\theta=(\theta_1,\theta_2)$ in a random sample $\{X\}_{i=1}^n$ with the following pdf $$f(x\mid\theta)= \begin{cases} (\theta_1+\theta_2)^{-1}\exp\left(\frac{-x}{\theta_1}\right) &,  x>0\\  (\theta_1+\theta_2)^{-1}\exp\left(\frac{x}{\theta_2}\right) &,  x\le0\\ \end{cases} $$ If I let $\bar{X}_1$ be the average of the $n_1$ values where $X_1>0$ and $\bar{X}_2$ the average of $n_2$ values where $X_i\le 0$ and $n_1+n_2=n$ Then the likelihood function is: $$L(\theta\mid  X)=\left(\frac 1 {\theta_1+\theta_2}\right)^n\exp\left(\frac{-n_1\bar{X}_1}{\theta_1}+\frac{n_2\bar{X}_2}{\theta_2}\right)$$ but I am having trouble maximizing this function.


In a follow up of  it was suggested to use \seq_use:Nn to display the content of a sequence. It works really nice but it concatenates the items with a given separator (like join in Python). Is there a way to loop through the elements and do something with each of them?

How can I iterate, loop, process, or otherwise do something, with each element from a comma separated list of things?  This question       , and the are already lots of very good answers everywhere. However I think it would also be valuable to have a single reference point where all such alternative techniques are explained in detail, with their advantages and disadvantages discussed.  All of plain-TeX, LaTeX, LaTeX3, LuaTeX, Context, etoolbox, pgffor, etc. answers are invited. Please consider explaining, for example:   How does the command/method deal with whitespace around items? How does the command/method deal with empty/missing items? (e.g. a,b,,c) How does the command/method deal with a trailing comma? Can the command/method work of a list stored on a macro? Is each iteration evaluated globally or on a local group? (i.e., if a command is defined during an iteration, does the command survive the loop?) Do items get expanded or somehow mangled before being processed? What about lists where items are key=value or some other kind of pairs? Does the method work for lists separated with something other than a comma? Any other thing I should know before deciding to use this method?


How do you find the min/max values of $Arg(z)$ for {$z:|z-(4+3i)|=2$}? I have drawn a diagram with a circle centre $(4+3i)$ and radius = $2$. I think to find the min/max values of $Arg(z)$ I need to find the points of tangency? I don't understand how to do it only with the diagram and any hints would be much appreciated! The min possible value of $|z|$ is $3$, and max value of $|z|$ is $7$. Also, I am on a chapter has more simple questions like this, so I'm looking for a not too complicated way of solving this :)

Consider the circle $$|z-6i|=3;$$ its centre is $(0,6)$ and its radius is $3$.  I want to find the greatest value of $\arg z$ achieved on this circle. My idea is that the tangents to the circle from the origin create right angles with the radius. Then use the Pythagorean Theorem and trigonometry to find the angle $\theta$ between the tangent and the imaginaery axis.  Then the formula for finding the two values of $\arg z$ in the form $p\pi$ where $-1\lt{p}\le1$ are: $$\frac{\pi-2\theta}{2}=argz$$ $$\frac{\pi-2\theta}{2}+2\theta=argz$$


I have a requirement that when a class meets the governor limits i want to send the mail to the specific user.  I want to catch limit Exception and send an email to user when limit Exception occurred in a apex class?

Is it possible to programatically detect if you have reached a governor limit?  For example, you can make 200 future calls per license per 24 hours. IF you hit that limit SFDC just starts to blow up on you. Is there some way to determine if you are under/over on the limit so you can react accordingly?  I'd prefer not performing an action if I'm over the limit rather than catching the exception and continuing to try in subsequent calls as it's a bit inefficient.


sorry... my English is not very good... so i didn't know How to ask this question... please just read so u can understand what i want... I have a def which takes a dictionary:  {'John':30.370, 'Mike':84.5, 'Sara':97.55, 'Frank': 75.990}   And i wanna return this:  Sara       97.55 Mike       84.50 Frank      75.99 John       30.37   But My solution don't return this! My solution:  def formatted(a):     s=''     for i in a:         d='{0:<10s}{1:>6.2f}\n'.format(i, a[i])         s=s+d     s=s.rstrip()       return s a={'John':30.370, 'Mike':84.5, 'Sara':97.55, 'Frank': 75.990} print (formatted(a))   it returns:  John       30.37 Mike       84.50 Sara       97.55 Frank      75.99   I should sort these numbers...But i Have no idea How to do that! Anybody can help??

I have a dictionary of values read from two fields in a database: a string field and a numeric field. The string field is unique, so that is the key of the dictionary.  I can sort on the keys, but how can I sort based on the values?  Note: I have read Stack Overflow question here  and probably could change my code to have a list of dictionaries, but since I do not really need a list of dictionaries I wanted to know if there is a simpler solution to sort either in ascending or descending order.


I'm trying to solve this problem from my group theory course:  Let $H$ be a subgroup of a simple nonabelian group $G$ of index $m\geq  5$. Prove that $G$ is isomorphic to a subgroup of $A_m$ ($G\lesssim  A_m$, being $A_m$ the alternate group of degree $m$).  The things I've noticed so far are:  $|G|=|G:H|\cdot |H|=m|H|$ From Cayley's Theorem I then get that $G\lesssim S_{m|H|}$  I don't know if these are useful things in this problem. I know the simplicity of $G$ is required, since $A_m$ is simple for $m\geq 5$, but I don't know how to follow. How can I solve this? Any help will be appreciated, thanks in advance.

Let $G$ be a simple group and there exists a subgroup $H$ of index $n \in \mathbb{N}_{\ge 3}$. Show that: $|G|$ divides $n!/2.$ I saw a similar question .   There was written: "The proof is really simple. Let $X$ be the set of left cosets of $H$. Consider $\phi: G \to \text{Sym}(X)$ given by $\phi(x)(aH)=(xa)H$. Then $\phi$ is a homomorphism. Consider now $K=\ker \phi$. Then $K$ is a normal subgroup of $G$ contained in $H$. Finally, $G/K$ is isomorphic to a subgroup of $\text{Sym}(X)$, which has order $n!$, where $n=[G:H]$. Thus, $[G:K]$ is finite and divides $n!$."  In fact, I don't understand the last sentence. "Thus, $[G:K]$ is finite and divides $n!$." Also did I understand it right that $ker(\phi)=H$?  Can you also give me an advice how to proof it for $n \ge 3$. (maybe induction)  Thank you for taking your time.


I have been issued a German family reunion visa type D. it clearly states that the visa is for Germany and not Schengen states as I used to get in the past. Can I travel by bus from London through France to Germany with this visa?

I’m going to Germany for a semester exchange and I have a long-stay visa from Germany. Can I travel to the other Schengen states during this period with this visa or do I have to apply for a separate short stay Schengen visa?  My visa is German national visa type D. It is for a duration of 4 months, i.e., longer than 90 days. It says on the visa that the long stay visa is valid in Deutschland, which is different from my earlier visa, which I had when I visited Germany earlier; that one was a short stay visa and said it was valid in Schengen Staten.  Perhaps my current visa means that I can stay in Germany for a period of longer that 90 days can visit the other Schengen states if I don’t exceed the 90 day period.


I want to solve the following functional equation:     Find all differentiable functions $f : (0,\infty) \rightarrow (0,\infty)$ for which there is a positive real number $a$ such that $$f'\left(\frac{a}{x}\right)=\frac{x}{f(x)}$$ for all $x > 0$.   I have noted that the function $f$ is increasing but i cannot go any further Any suggestions?

If we know that $$ f'(k/x)f(x) = x\tag{ * } $$ Then what can we say about   $$f(k/x)f'(x) ?$$  Originally I tried substituting $x=k/x$ into (*), to give  $$f'(x)f(k/x) = k/x$$  But is this valid? I'm guessing not. Ultimately I'm trying to find a solution for $f(x)$, and the above doesn't seem to working.  Any thoughts appreciated.


This is an exercise I don't know how to solve, as I am preparing for an exam it would be great if you could help me with it.     Show that for $n > 0$ a number of graphs with vertices from set $\left\{1, 2, ..., n\right\}$ in which every vertice has even degree equals $2^{\binom{n-1}{2}}$   Thanks in advance!

I have a graph exam tomorrow, and there is a problem that said number of graph with labeled vertices and all of them of even degree is $ 2^{n-1 \choose 2} $.  According to that topic, it means the number of cut spaces is $ 2^{n-1} $. Well, I don't understand what is cut space yet, and why its count is $ 2^{n-1} $ And don't  know why we should divide the total number of graphs by this!


Is the time dilation suffered by clocks in GPS satellites accurate to what is predicted by special relativity? By "accurate" I mean to ask if the numerical answer given by relativity equations match exactly with the actual time dilation suffered by satellite clocks?

I am reading A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking, and in it he mentions that without compensating for relativity, GPS devices would be out by miles. Why is this? (I am not sure which relativity he means as I am several chapters ahead now and the question just came to me.)


I have read multiple different versions of how AC current flows in our power lines.   How does the current flow?   Is the energy just photonics waves passing through electrons that vibrate or are electrons flowing in the direction of usage.   How would they flow if the current oscillates both forward and backwards?  I have read that energized electrons flow at almost light speed toward usage, but I have also read that they don’t flow, they oscillate and transfer the electromagnetic wave energy generated from the power generator or storage.

Keeping it simple, what is the physics approach to a current in a wire connected to a battery? How does the electric field behave?  I've read somewhere that, contrary to the common conception, electrons don't really flow as water in a hose so, what is really going on there? How is energy transported at the speed of light if electrons don't flow like very fast water?


a) aabcd (already answered)  b) aabbcc   There is a  exactly like the one I asked, however I am still stuck and still need help. Here is my attempt     Let A denotes where aa occurs, B denotes where bb occurs, C denotes where cc occurs, and |U|=$\frac{6!}{2^3}$. Then $|A\cup B\cup C|=|A|+|B|+|C|-(|AB|+|AC|+|BC|)+|ABC|$.           For |A|+|B|+|C| glue aa together for |A|, bb for |B| and cc for |C|                  |A|: $\frac{5!}{2^2}$ |B|: $\frac{5!}{2^2}$  |C|: $\frac{5!}{2^2}$ $\implies$ |A|+|B|+|C|=$3\left(\frac{5!}{2^2}\right)$               For |AB|+|AC|+|BC|=$3\left(\frac{4!}{2}\right)$           For |ABC|= 3!         So |U|-$|A\cup B\cup C| = \frac{6!}{2^3}-\left[\frac{5!}{2^2}-3\left(\frac{4!}{2}\right)+3!\right] = 30$   Now thanks to the people who already answered this we know that the actual answer is 10.   As you all can see I am doing something wrong, but I not sure what. By using the Inclusion-Exclusion Principle please help me figure out how I need to get the correct answer.

I have this question that states:  Using Inclusion/exclusion, find the number of derangements of each of the following strings.  A) aabcd  B) aabbcc  I understand inclusion/exclusion I just don't understand how it applies to this type of question.  I would appreciate the help and some clarification on how to go about solving these types of problems.


it's possible to  install Ubuntu on my  iMac OSX 10.8.5....    Do You guys have any tutorial on  because I am a dummy... or somewhere where I can learn.

Could anyone provide a concise step by step instruction on how to install Ubuntu 12.04 on a Mac OS X Lion?  I have read that Ubuntu corrupts the EFI file so I would like to hear from those who have successfully done it.


I came across this problem from a probability practice book. Could someone give me a hint? Suppose you have N balls and M of them are red(others aren't red). You keep picking one ball out and NOT putting it back until you get one red ball. Find the expectation of a number of balls you need to pick out.  My approach is to use recursion. Let $X_k$ denote the distribution of number of balls I need to pick to get a red ball with k balls in the pool. Then,   $E(X_k)=\frac{M}{k} + \frac{k-M}{k}(1+E(X_{k-1}))$ , with $E(X_M) = 1$   as with M ball left in the pool, it should be immediate to pick a red ball. But then I end up an equation that I couldn't solve.   $E(X_N) = 1+\frac{N-M}{N}(1+\frac{N-1-M}{N-1}(1+...(1+\frac{1}{M+1}(1+1))))$  can anyone give me a hint or guide me please?

Here's the question: "An urn contains b blue balls and r red balls. You repeatedly and independently remove balls from urn (without returning them) until the first blue ball is drawn. All balls currently in the urn have an equal probability of being selected each time a ball is removed. Define the random variable X as the number of balls that are drawn (number of red balls that are removed plus the first blue ball that is removed). Find E[X], the expected value of random variable X."  I'm having trouble finding a closed form expression for the expected value. Here's the work I've done:


I'm solving the Defanging an IP Address Question on Leetcode, and it works fine when I run it locally: char * defangIPaddr(char * address){     char *defangedAddress;     defangedAddress = malloc(sizeof(address) + 10);     int j = 0;          int length = strlen(address);     for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)     {         if(address[i] == '.')         {             defangedAddress[j] = '[';             defangedAddress[j+1] = '.';             defangedAddress[j+2] = ']';             j = j+3;         }         else         {             defangedAddress[j] = address[i];             j++;         }     }     return defangedAddress; }  But I get this error when I try to run on leetcode: ================================================================= ==33==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-buffer-overflow on address 0x603000000022 at pc 0x000000402033 bp 0x7ffdcaf4f350 sp 0x7ffdcaf4f340 READ of size 1 at 0x603000000022 thread T0     #3 0x7f741cc6b82f in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2082f) 0x603000000022 is located 0 bytes to the right of 18-byte region [0x603000000010,0x603000000022) allocated by thread T0 here:     #0 0x7f741dc86f88 in malloc (/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libasan.so.5+0x10bf88)     #3 0x7f741cc6b82f in __libc_start_main (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x2082f) Shadow bytes around the buggy address:   0x0c067fff7fb0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   0x0c067fff7fc0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   0x0c067fff7fd0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   0x0c067fff7fe0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00   0x0c067fff7ff0: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 =>0x0c067fff8000: fa fa 00 00[02]fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa   0x0c067fff8010: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa   0x0c067fff8020: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa   0x0c067fff8030: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa   0x0c067fff8040: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa   0x0c067fff8050: fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa fa Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):   Addressable:           00   Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07    Heap left redzone:       fa   Freed heap region:       fd   Stack left redzone:      f1   Stack mid redzone:       f2   Stack right redzone:     f3   Stack after return:      f5   Stack use after scope:   f8   Global redzone:          f9   Global init order:       f6   Poisoned by user:        f7   Container overflow:      fc   Array cookie:            ac   Intra object redzone:    bb   ASan internal:           fe   Left alloca redzone:     ca   Right alloca redzone:    cb   Shadow gap:              cc ==33==ABORTING  I tried installing GDB on my local to debug, though, well, I get a GDB error: (No debugging symbols found in ./defanging-an-ip-address)  And I've seen Valgrind but not had a lot of experience in it, so I'm totally blanking on how to debug and figure this out. I know I can solve it in another language (I have some experience in JS, PHP, Python), but I want to nail C and hence trying to figure out where I'm going wrong and what I need to do to fix it, without getting discouraged and losing hope. Thanks!

First off, here is some code:  int main()  {     int days[] = {1,2,3,4,5};     int *ptr = days;     printf("%u\n", sizeof(days));     printf("%u\n", sizeof(ptr));      return 0; }   Is there a way to find out the size of the array that ptr is pointing to (instead of just giving its size, which is four bytes on a 32-bit system)?


Using Photoshop or Illustrator, what would be the easiest way to recreate the geometric mosaic effect seen below on an image? I realize the image below was likely hand drawn and recreating it in an automated fashion would yield different results but I'm just looking for the tools that may exist to recreate something similar.

I want to know if there is a possibility to "cut" the mesh into single objects (triangles, other polygons) I create using Pen Tool? I followed examples in these two tutorials:  and ...  However the first one seems like too much effort (as I am still struggling with mastering the Illustrator tools and have a deadline on me) and second one isn't accurate enough.   I came up with the idea to just draw the mesh above the picture I'm working on and add colours individually to the polygons.     However the paths I'm creating aren't split into individual polygons but remain a singular path. Is there a possibility to cut a complex path into smaller objects (polygons)?  For example this one     split into individual polys?  EDIT:  I finally conquered the problem thanks to @joojaa here's my first attempt finished (still needs a lot of polishing and patience):


Is this a good example of the differentiation between ‘shined’ and ‘shone’? ‘Shined’ needs an object; ‘shone’ does not.  ‘He shined his shoes while the sun shone brightly.’

Recently, I overhead a former professor of mine use the word shined, a word that makes me grammatically uncomfortable.  She used it as following: "Then, after we shined a light on the other ball, what happened?..."  My first question is: Is using shined mainstream, over what sounds better to my ear, shone?  If so, is there any historical flip-flopping between the two usages?  Secondly, if shined is in fact legit, can it be used transitively?  Saying something like,      The light shined all throughout the night.   while odd, doesn't sound as bad to my ear as,     He shined the light on the ball throughout the night.   The latter sounds quite bad to my ear.  Indeed, à propos the original question, can shone — the better sounding alternative to my ear — be used transitively?


I would like to log and than send to my server following information:  Phone calls   date and time  start of call end of call  contact / phone number   Messages (SMS)   message text receive date and time contact / phone number

I am building application that required some data from iPhone's Call log(read only). The call log is a sqlite db located at "/User/Library/CallHistory/call_history.db". I used a jailbroken device to extract the log. However trying to open this location using the sqlite_open3() command I get a SQLITE_ERROR error, which according to the library documentation means "SQL error or missing database". In an attempt to debug the error I've used NSFileManager to enumerate the folder('/User/Library/'). It would appear as if it's returning a "filtered" set of results, that exclude the 'CallHistory' folder along with several of the other folders.   The File system uses a series of alias to give the illusion of tradition OS X file structure, and I don't know if these are having an effect on my results.  The call log is only present on a device, and not the simulator. I've been unable to get it to work on a 1st gen iPhone running fireware 2.1.  This is some code I used to test the output  NSDirectoryEnumerator *dirnum = [[NSFileManager defaultManager] enumeratorAtPath: @"/private/var/mobile/Library/"];  while( bar = [dirnum nextObject]) {     //Uncomment if you don't want to log sub folders     //[dirnum skipDescendents];      NSLog(bar); }   I have a suspicion that Apple is blocking access to the directory as part of its sandboxing strategy, however I have no proof at this stage. However, I can access the address book without any issues, so I'm a little confused.  Thanks


Pundit  Left 10 comments with score of 5 or more   I saw a discussion question that mentioned Pundit, which that stated that , however, something like top voted comments seems to fit in with the rest of stackoverflows feature set, as well as indirectly provide a method to track progress on this badge. Should there be (or is there already) a list of my top voted comments somewhere?

I've just been awarded the  bage!  Whooo, go me (didn't even realise it existed)!  =D I'm curious to know which of my (all rather mundane) comments has brought for me such honour. I found , which suggests using .  However, that query shows that I have only 2 comments with a score of 5 or more and I can't see anything wrong with the query... Do I not deserve this shiny new badge?  :(


I'm particularly interested why N appears in the denominator for the formula of population variance, but (n-1) appears in the denominator for the sample variance, where N is the total number of elements in the population and n is the total number of elements in the simple random sample?  Basically, the (n-1) seems less intuitive to me.  I'd love to know the reasoning behind this, as well as seeing any mathematical derivations that back up that reasoning.

How is it that lowering the number of frequence,$n$ by $1$ in the for formula for Population and Sample Variance account for the discrepency of using sample rather than population.  I mean how is dividing the whole expression by $n-1$ in sample variance better than dividing by $n$?  I am referring to the formula $$s^2=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}({x_i-x_{avg}})^2}{n-1}$$ more accurate than $$s^2=\frac{\sum_{i=1}^{n}({x_i-x_{avg}})^2}{n}$$  Thank You.


My specific problem right now is whether to use      "What time is it?" she asked.   Or     "What time is it," she asked.   Or something else. But I find myself having issues with punctuation and quotation marks all the time, so I really want to know the general rules around it.

The American convention in quotations is (typically) to place punctuation inside quoted text. But I always run into situations where the punctuation of the quote interferes with the punctuation of the sentence. How would you punctuate this (American, non technical)?     When my friends ask, "What do you want for your birthday?", I never know how to respond.   It seems odd to place the last comma outside the quote simply because of the question mark. Is that the preferred (i.e. most often accepted) standard?


How can I have e.g. all  displayed on the map, i.e. what is the URL syntax to search  for certain tags? And where is this information (tagged locations, POIs etc.) coming from, is it collected/contributed by OSM community members or does the OSM project use third-party sources (private/public/proprietary)?

I do not want to download the whole map of an area. I just want rivers and other waterbodies present in an area in shapefiles so that I can use them in QGIS. I tried geofabrik but it is giving whole map and that also of full country while i need data of a city. Right now I am trying JOSM. will update you when it will works.


I am trying to install an Add-on package from GitHub that contains prototype widgets for Orange Data Mining. I am trying to install it from the GitHub page found . I am using the following Terminal code to install this: git clone http://github.com/biolab/orange3-prototypes.git  Everything then appears to install correctly and the download shows 100%. Then, however, it throws an error and says:  Orange requires Python >= 3.4  I am using Mac OS. Clearly, it is suggesting that I need to use a different version of python to install, however, I already updated my pip install. Any insight into how I can fix this?

I am currently trying to make a facial recognition workflow with Orange but since the widgets are still prototypes they are not all available in Orange. I found the Github files for the widgets but don't know how to install this so that I can see and use the widgets in Orange.


In an excerpt from Barron's SAT Practice Test - Test 3.     A tiny pestle and mortar for color-grinding, and a cup of water in which to clip and wash the brush, completed the apparatus of the student.    I know that you cannot separate the subject from its verb. I wonder why there is a comma before the verb "completed". Doesn't it separate the verb from its subject A tiny pestle and mortar for color-grinding, and a cup of water in which to clip and wash the brush, where we are given a list of items in the following form: A and B, and C?

In the sentence     What’s funny is Cat’s dry humour.   Wouldn’t it be better to put a comma after “funny”:     What’s funny, is Cat’s dry humour.   This question entails a (at the time of writing) heated discussion in the .


Please have a one word answer; and it is not zealot. Zealots are idealists. Being a racist has a very negative connotation. Also maintain the same part of speech. I would like a noun.

I've heard "racist" being used in a few cases to describe bigotry towards people of a certain religion. It's a bit annoying because it implies that all people of a religion are the same race, which is hardly the correct case. However I'm also bewildered that there doesn't seem to be an appropriate one-word substitute coined to describe prejudice/discrimination/sense of superiority in terms of religion. What (if any) word exists for it?


To the point, I do love conducting research, however, I have put myself in a very difficult point of research that made me switch to another Ph.D. program for the sake of more technical support. However, I found the other group doesn't have the required set-up devices as they have mentioned earlier before arrival, moreover, they don't have any idea how to solve this complicated point which they are interested in already. Finally, I felt I am in the same blank loop.  To be honest, I began to lose motivation and passion and sometimes I feel lost. I don't know what to do, I see crappy research published and seems everything to me to be fake, I am asking myself: Why this happens to me?.  My dream is to be like Carl Segan, Neil Degrasse Tyson, and present interesting science TV show one day, but I don't know how to reach this goal and present what I am really interested in.   Honestly, I don't know how should be the exact question, but I feel miserable, I don't know whether I have to look for another different point of research and easy to be solved. This would obligate me to look for another different research lab.  Maybe I am not smart enough, but, I began to feel academic field is so dull and boring. I would like to hear what I should do in that complex situation as I cannot dare to speak with anyone in my current research lab about my situation.

I am a third year (starting fourth year in the fall) PhD student in mathematics. I've passed all qualifying exams and am currently doing research. As far as I can tell, I am not doing poorly. I have the good fortune of having a great advisor, being in a very supportive department, and having friends and family who genuinely care about my success.   The fact is research is hard. It appears to consist primarily of staring at a problem for days and days and days without getting anywhere. Sometimes, rarely, I do figure something out and that feels wonderful, but the overwhelming majority of my time appears to be spent banging my head against a mostly figurative wall. I am not complaining about the material being hard, and I am not averse to putting in hard work, but I get frequently discouraged when I realize the vast volumes of mathematics that I yet know nothing about (and probably never will). It's very hard to quantify progress - in particular, there are too few tangible returns after too many hours worked. I find myself thinking along the lines of "Oh, if only someone actually smart were thinking about this problem they would have solved it in moments" and so on.   I've talked about this to some number of people; here is some advice I have received:   Take a day off. Putting in hours upon hours of trying things doesn't magically lead to a solution, particularly if the brain is tired and just wants to sleep. Have a hobby. Since math research doesn't exactly provide instant gratification, a hobby might provide some instead.  Talk to other graduate students. Realize that many graduate students go through this.   I'm interested to know how other folks have dealt with being discouraged as a graduate student. Does it get better with time and experience? Is this a sign that research is not for me and that I should seriously consider a life outside academia?


For any $k ≥ 2$, $k^3 + 27$ can never be a prime. I tried to use mathematical induction on this one, but I can’t go on. Can someone help me?

The question given to me is:     Show that $\large\frac{(3^{77}-1)}{2}$ is odd and composite.   We can show that $\forall n\in\mathbb{N}$:  $$3^{n}\equiv\left\{    \begin{array}{l l}     1 & \quad \text{if $n\equiv0\pmod{2}$ }\\     3 & \quad \text{if $n\equiv1\pmod{2}$}\\   \end{array} \right\} \pmod{4}$$  Therefore, we can show that $3^{77}\equiv3\pmod{4}$. Thus, we can determine that $(3^{77}-1)\equiv2\pmod{4}$. Thus, we can show that $\frac{(3^{77}-1)}{2}$ is odd as:  $$\frac{(3^{77}-1)}{2}\equiv\pm1\pmod{4}$$  However, I am unsure how to show that this number is composite. The book I am reading simply states two of the factors, $\frac{(3^{11}-1)}{2}$ and $\frac{(3^{7}-1)}{2}$, but I do not know how the authors discovered these factors.   I'd appreciate any help pointing me in the right direction, thanks.


I'm using a /tellraw command to display some kind of menu to the player. How can I react to the clickEvent without posting something in the chat? When I try using the scoreboard, I get an output in my chat like this Set score of <objective> for player <playername> to <value>. The same thing happens, when trying /setblock, /entitydata or /trigger Is there any way, I can execute a command which commandblocks can detect without writing a success/fail message in the chat?  the only commands without a "real" response message I found were /say, /tell and /tellraw. But all of these are impossible to detect(also, they write something else in the chat).

I want to make a tellraw shop but to activate command blocks I want to use /setblock command when clicked on a text. Is it possible to disable "Block placed" text showing up?


Some posts don't have a link on the right (named active) that would take me to the latest edited post on a thread. What are the criteria?

I can't see the 'last activity' field after editing my question.  I mean the field on the right-hand-side that lists your question as active today, active yesterday , active 2 days ago, etc.    As you can see there is no such field on .  But there is such a field on :    Can anyone tell me why it isn't there? Is this a bug perhaps?


I had a Grammar homework and I was asked to fill in the gap of the following sentence :   My father ... subscribe to the Newsweek.   I had been given four options and only one of them fits in with the sentence, they are as follows :   A- Said to me  B- Suggested that I   C- Suggests me to   D- Encouraged me  I had chosen the answer "C" but I discovered later that the teacher considered it as incorrect, and that "B" is the appropriate answer, which made me so confused. Could you please explain to me why ?

I am writing to my manager. I want to suggest making a new service to her. I have problem with this sentence:     Can you suggest to them that [Company Name] develops the Italian version of the website?   Am I using the word that correctly here?