In  Wiener process is defined by summing white Gaussian random variables and then limit them when sample time go to zero. $$ {\bf{w}}(t) = \int_0^t {{\bf{\tilde q}}(\tau )} d\tau  = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{\Delta t \to 0} \sum\nolimits_{m = 1}^{M - 1} {{\bf{\tilde q}}\left( {\frac{{{\tau _m} + {\tau _{m + 1}}}}{2}} \right)\Delta t} $$ How we can reach from integral definition to summation definition ? ${\bf{\tilde q}}(t)$ is white Gaussian noise process.  EDIT: We can see Wiener process as the limit of a random walk as we let the sample time go to zero. Now the question is, How we can relate the Wiener process to random walk using the definition above?

I'm trying to understand the relation between discrete-time random walk process and continuous-time wiener process.   I'm reading  and to understand concepts and proofs I need to regenerate figures in pages 7-10 of this document. These figures simulate random walks with different steps. As the number of steps increases, the trajectory becomes bold. Brownian motion is when the number of steps becomes infinitely large. The following Matlab code trys to show this result:  clc, clear steps = 10000 y=NaN*ones(steps,1); y(1)=10; sig = 1 for t = 1:steps y(t+1) = y(t) + randn(1); end subplot(3,1,1) plot(y) steps = 100 y=NaN*ones(steps,1); y(1)=10; sig = 1 for t = 1:steps y(t+1) = y(t) + randn(1); end subplot(3,1,2) plot(y) steps = 10 y=NaN*ones(steps,1); y(1)=10; sig = 1 for t = 1:steps y(t+1) = y(t) + randn(1); end subplot(3,1,3) plot(y)   However what I try to discover is how to incorporate parameters $\Delta t, \alpha,$ and $\sigma$ in the given document into my plots.  Regenerating this plots help me to understand concepts behind this topic.


Should I flag a vague question, or ask the member to add more detail if I can't?   If I should flag it, what should I flag it as?

Let's say that there is a question asked in a bad manner, in a way that the question is missing. For example the user shows the code and doesn't explain very well which is the problem.    Usually someone starts digging in the OP mind posting comments and asking him for details. It may happen that the question gets edited and the OP edits it to a valid question.    Do you usually give the OP time to edit the question or you immediately vote to close it?


does the refractive index of a medium depends on wavelength of light passing through it ? If yes then why ?

Why do different wavelength get impeded more or less when in different materials? Moving with the same speed, but a longer physical distance would imply that the fields oscillate less times in the material, but I don't know why a difference in the number of oscillations would impede the wave- I don't even know why things slow down in general. Why some electromagnetic wave would slow down just because it's entering other electromagnetic fields... It would seem to me that the only factor would be time taken to physically move some electron or something in the direction of the fields... But that seems to simple of an explanation to me.


In my code there is a 'Null Pointer Exception' but  I can't seem to understand why. I've added the objects into the ArrayList in the constructor. When I try run the method, I get a Null Pointer Exception. Any help would be greatly appreciated.  private ArrayList products;  //PRODUCTS CLASS CONSTRUCTOR  Products(){        ArrayList<ProductsClass> products = new ArrayList<ProductsClass>(); //Declaration and instantiation of ArrayList      products.add(new ProductsClass("Bread", 0.65));     products.add(new ProductsClass("Milk", 2.00));     products.add(new ProductsClass("Pasta", 3.35));     products.add(new ProductsClass("Milk chocolate bar", 0.75));     products.add(new ProductsClass("Dark Rum", 25.00));      ProductsClass p = products.get(3);     System.out.print(p.getItemName() + ""); //Testing to see if works#     System.out.print("");     System.out.print(" " + p.getItemPrice());  }  public void findMatchingItem() {      for (ProductsClass product : products) {      System.out.print(product);      } }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I know that NMAC is mathematically proved with two different keys with length $L$.  But, if I choose to implement a MAC this way: $$H(k \operatorname\| H(k \operatorname\| msg))$$ with a key $k$ of length $2L$, am I vulnerable to some attacks?

Suppose $H$ is a hash function; why is $$H(k\mathbin\|H(k\mathbin\|m))$$ not secure?  See this . In there, indeed two keys are used and the mac algorithm is $$H(k_1\mathbin\|H(k_2\mathbin\|m)).$$ Why don't we use $$H(k\mathbin\|H(k\mathbin\|m)),$$ which has only one key?


I would like to center the checkbox in a line with text next to it.                                      I've tried already style="text-align: center;" in
 but it doesn't work.    input {   font-size: 16px; }  label {   font-size: 11px;   vertical-align: middle; }  form {   margin-top: 30px;   display: flex;   justify-content: center;   align-items: center;   flex-direction: column; }  input[type="checkbox"] {   width: 15px;   height: 15px;   -webkit-appearance: none;   background: white;   outline: none;   border: none;   border-radius: 50%;   transition: .5s;   box-shadow: inset 0 0 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, .2) }  input:checked[type="checkbox"] {   background-color: transparent; } <form class="form-box__form form">   <input type="e-mail" name="e-mail" id="e-mail" placeholder="e-mail" />   <input type="password" name="password" id="password" placeholder="password" />   <button>Create account</button>
     <input type="checkbox" name="consent" id="consent" />     I agree to whatever you want me to agree
 </form>     At the moment it looks like this in the attached picture. So can someone please guide me on how to center the checkbox in a line?

I have a div with two images and an h1. All of them need to be vertically aligned within the div, next to each other. One of the images needs to be absolute positioned within the div. What is the CSS needed for this to work on all common browsers?

testing...


According to here:   We can treat two parallel plates as being a single conductor which has an electric field of $\frac{\sigma}{\varepsilon_0}$. They say that equivalently, we can consider the system to be two charge sheets, each one contributing an electric field of $\frac{\sigma}{2\varepsilon_0}$.  My question is, why is the electric field between two parallel conducting plates not $\frac{2\sigma}{\varepsilon_0}$? Shouldn't each plate be considered to be a conductor (not merely a charge sheet)? In that case, each plate contributes $\frac{\sigma}{\varepsilon_0}$, for a net electric field of $\frac{2\sigma}{\varepsilon_0}$. Why must we consider each conducting plate to be a charge sheet and not a conductor?

Consider the following parallel plate capacitor made of two plates with equal area $A$ and equal surface charge density $\sigma$:    The electric field due to the positive plate is   $$\frac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0}$$  And the magnitude of the electric field due to the negative plate is the same. These fields will add in between the capacitor giving a net field of:  $$2\frac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0}$$  If we try getting the resultant field using Gauss's Law, enclosing the plate in a Gaussian surface as shown, there is flux only through the face parallel to the positive plate and outside it (since the other face is in the conductor and the electric field skims all other faces).   $$\Phi = \oint \vec{E}\cdot\vec{dA} = EA$$  where $E$ is the electric field between the capacitor plates. From Gauss's Law this is equal to the charge $Q$ on the plates divided by $\epsilon_0$  $$\frac{Q}{\epsilon_0}\implies E = \frac{Q}{A\epsilon_0} = \frac{\sigma}{\epsilon_0}$$  I know there is something fundamentally incorrect in my assumptions or understanding, because I frequently get conflicting results when calculating electric fields using Gauss's Law. I am, however, unsuccessful in identifying this.   Edit: Also, another problem I noticed was that even if we remove the negative plate from the capacitor and then apply Gauss's Law in the same manner, the field still comes out to be $\sigma/\epsilon_0$ which is clearly wrong since the negative plate contributes to the field. So, maybe the problem is in the application of Gauss's Law.


These instructions () doesn't work for Ubuntu Server iso. Doing dd if=ubuntuserver.iso of=/dev/sdb neither. In both situations, after installer boots correctly, it claims it doesn't found any CD drive and stops. Thanks

These instructions () doesn't work for Ubuntu Server iso. Doing dd if=ubuntuserver.iso of=/dev/sdb doesn't work either. In both situations, after the Ubuntu Server installer boots correctly, it says it hasn't found any CD drive and stops.  I've a USB stick where I've put the content of Ubuntu Server iso on it. I've configured Syslinux (with no APPEND parameter) pointing to vmlinuz+initrd present in "install" folder. The installer boots correctly but it hangs with an error saying it doesn't find the CD-ROM.  If I replace the vmlinuz+initrd with the "hd-media" ones (available ) I get another error: installer can't find any iso file anywhere (which is logical because I don't have any iso, I have the expanded tree on sdb1).  So I can't boot Ubuntu Server 16.04 from a USB stick.


I have a page fragment returned from a spring controller as a result of an Ajax form submit. The fragment updates a table in the page. The table contains buttons that use jquery onclick function selecting button class.    The jquery select does not work if the table is returned as part of a fragment, the javascript seems not to be bound to the replaced html in the page even though the classes etc are all the same as previously.  Any ideas how to get the javascript to work with the returned HTML in the thymeleaf fragment?

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


Given some power series $f(x) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n x^n$, is it generally true that $a_n = \frac{f^{(n)}}{n!}$? If so, why? We get this form when we develop a taylor series, but why is this case for every power series? Can't the $a_n$ terms be arbitrary? I'm a bit confused.

I was just wondering in the lingo of Mathematics, are these two "ideas" the same? I know we have Taylor series, and their specialisation the Maclaurin series, but are power series a more general concept? How does either/all of these ideas relate to generating functions?


I'm trying to find a formula that's fits the way I want my player to gain experience and level up. I know this is primarily opinion based but I hope someone can help me!  I've used the following formula as a base, I found it :  //Calculate level Level = Math.Max( Math.Floor(6.7f * Math.Log(Experience + 455f) + -40f), 1 );  //Calculate experience for level Experience = (long)(Math.Exp((Level - -40f) / 6.7f) - 455f);   I wrote a script that will show what it will look like, which is this:    I want to find a way to make it very easy for the player at early levels (let's say until level 15~), and then slowly harder. I'm not sure how to change the formula or if it's even possible! Hope you can help!

I am currently developing an RPG game with a classic experience-points and levelup mechanic. The player kills monsters, gains experience points, levels up when they collect enough and become stronger.  How do I balance the amount of Exp points necessary for reaching each level and the amount of Exp awarded by each monster on each level?


They need the same header file and the signatures are same.**But their descriptions are different indeed.**What are the differences between malloc(3posix) and malloc(2)?If i see malloc is called in a source code, how can know which one is called indeed?  As per the linux programmer's manual, which says:     MALLOC(3POSIX)                                                 POSIX Programmer's Manual   MALLOC(3POSIX)      PROLOG          This  manual  page  is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.  The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the   corresponding          Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.      NAME          malloc — a memory allocator      SYNOPSIS          #include < stdlib.h >     void *malloc(size_t size);       DESCRIPTION          The functionality described on this reference page is aligned with the ISO C standard. Any conflict between the requirements   described here and          the ISO C standard is unintentional. This volume of POSIX.1‐2008 defers to the ISO C standard.           The malloc() function shall allocate unused space for an object whose size in bytes is specified by size and whose value is   unspecified.           The  order  and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls to malloc() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the   allocation succeeds          shall be suitably aligned so that it may be assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used to access such an  object    in  the  space          allocated (until the space is explicitly freed or reallocated). Each such allocation shall yield a pointer to an object disjoint from   any other          object. The pointer returned points to the start (lowest byte address) of the allocated space. If the space cannot be allocated, a   null pointer          shall  be  returned. If the size of the space requested is 0, the behavior is implementation-defined: the value returned shall be   either a null          pointer or a unique pointer.   and     MALLOC(3)                                                      Linux Programmer's Manual   MALLOC(3)      NAME          malloc, free, calloc, realloc - allocate and free dynamic memory      SYNOPSIS          #include < stdlib.h >     void *malloc(size_t size);       DESCRIPTION          The  malloc()  function allocates size bytes and returns a pointer to the allocated memory.  The memory is not initialized.  If   size is 0, then          malloc() returns either NULL, or a unique pointer value that can later be successfully passed to free().

$ apropos mkfifo mkfifo (1)           - make FIFOs (named pipes) mkfifo (1posix)      - make FIFO special files mkfifo (3)           - make a FIFO special file (a named pipe) mkfifo (3posix)      - make a FIFO special file mkfifoat (3)         - make a FIFO (named pipe) relative to a directory file ...   So I have man pages for Linux Programmer’s Manual and POSIX Programmer’s Manual. Which should I prefer and why? (I'm writing a Linux application, no plans to port it AIX, BSD etc)  Thanks.


I have SSL issued for domain.com. Now these url works fine:  http://www.example.com -> https://example.com http://example.com -> https://example.com https://example.com   But when accessed with  it shows the Security Certificate error as:  There is a problem with this website’s security certificate.   My nginx config (site-available/example.com) is as follows:  server {     server_name  www.example.com;     return       301 https://example.com$request_uri; }  server {     listen 80;     server_name  example.com;     return       301 https://example.com$request_uri; } server {     listen 443;     server_name example.com;     ssl on;     ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/certs/example_com.crt;     ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/example.key;     ...     ...     ...   How can I redirect the url  to  in this config file

Ubuntu 14.04 Apache 2.4.18  I have set up a SSL certificate using letsencrypt. It works well but in order to work, I cannot have multiple vhost defined in one virtualhost configuration file. Each vhost has to sit in its own .conf file inside /etc/apache2/sites-available.  I need to make sure all requests to www.example.com are redirected to example.com.  Since I need to solve it inside the unique virtualhost file, I'm trying to include a rewrite rule inside to perform the redirection but so far it fails silently: all  requests are not being redirected to  and a "insecure website" warning is displayed.  Here is the virtualhost configuration file for domain.com-le-ssl.conf.   <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost *:443>         ServerName example.com         ServerAlias www.example.com          RewriteEngine on         RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+) [NC]         RewriteRule ^ https://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]          DocumentRoot /home/user_account/www/example.com/public         <Directory /home/user_account/www/example.com/public>                 Options Indexes FollowSymLinks         AllowOverride All         Require all granted     </Directory>          ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php(/.*)?)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/home/user_account/www/example.com/public/$1  SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf </VirtualHost> </IfModule>


for file in *.pdf ; do     newname=${file%\\.\*} done   I don't understand how the %\.* is removing the file extension, can someone walk me through it.

I'm quite confused about the following regular expressions I found in a shell script:  ${0##*/} ${0%/*}   How do they work?


War was banished from Earth, and instead operated by proxy on the Moon. Belligerent nations would each send robots (not necessarily androids) to the moon to compete for supremacy in the given conflict.   The short story detailed a "world war" that was something like WW XVII or some other number well beyond II or III. The mechanisms by which they attacked each other were interesting; things like interfering with each others ability to isolate or dissipate waste heat while in vacuum.   I believe I originally read it in an Analog Magazine that would have originally been published in the 1970s or early 1980s.

Plot Details/Summary  Another one where I have only sketchy memories of the tale, I fear.   The setting for this one is the near future (from the writer's perspective, which I think was the 1970s).  Man's reached a point where bloodshed and loss of life are no longer necessary to settle conflicts.  Instead, all disputes are settled through an annual combat held on the surface of the moon, using the best combat machines each nation can come up with.  The protagonist, as I recall, is an engineer for the Americans.  He recollects past conflicts, and the circumstances for this years fracas.  Much of the combat is told from his observers' perspective.  The actual conflict is a rather clever affair, with a description of each team's designs and all the tricks and gee-whiz things they built into them.  The protagonist's team manages to prevail, when they managed to use an attack as a feint, with the real attack being a swarm of microscopic machines (they did not use the term nanites) that destroyed the opposing machine from the inside.  Timeframe/Other Details  I think this one dates from the 1970s.  I don't think it more recent, given my recollections of when I read it, and also the technology descriptions they used in it.  There is an outside chance that the combat is not between rival nations, but rival corporations.  That would change the premise of "man evolving beyond bloodshed", of course.  I think it's nations fighting, though.  I am almost 100% certain this was in a sci-fi magazine, not an anthology.


When editing a tag wiki on any site (for example ), the following link is shown:  See our advice on .  It leads to  However, this page cannot be found.

As SE developer Chris explains in :     We use a Jekyll-based blog generation system. Unfortunately, sometimes some of the pages do not generate correctly, thus causing the files to be missing. Regenerating the blog usually solves this, but knowing when we have a "busted blog build" is half the battle. (The other half of the battle is fixing the system for good so that all pages generate correctly all the time.)    This happens quite often, think the first time was reported as .  All past reports are about single missing page, hence starting now a "generic" report.  I am aware the battle is long and hard, would be happy to get updates about the progress right here in this report. :)


auto margin in not working in top and bottom..... my goal is to make body float in middle with equal margin in top and bottom side....... my expected result is to same height of top and bottom margin........ but the result is body shifted to top side    html {     width: 100vw;     height: 100vh;     background-color: red;     margin: 0px;     padding: 0px; } body {   background-color: chartreuse;   width: 90%;   height: 90%;   padding: 0px;   margin: auto;   border-color: black;   border-width: 10px;   border-style: solid; } <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head>          <title>Document</title> </head> <body> </body> </html>

I want to center a div vertically with CSS. I don't want tables or JavaScript, but only pure CSS. I found some solutions, but all of them are missing Internet Explorer 6 support.
Div to be aligned vertically
   How can I center a div vertically in all major browsers, including Internet Explorer 6?


Is there a way I can put a condition in rendered attribute to check if a List contains an Id/String or not in Visualforce page?  I tried this but its not working or somehow I am doing something wrong:   rendered="{!IF( CONTAINS( '{!employees}', '{!Id/String}' ), true, false ) }"   Thanks

How can i check if a list has certain string in salesforce. For example I have : anotherList which is from controller and has  this value [NAME_A, NAME_B, NAME_C]  Then in my page:      <apex:repeat var="list" value="{!tesList}">         <input type="checkbox" style="display:{!IF(CONTAINS(anotherList, list['name']), '','none')}" value="{!list['name']}" />     </apex:repeat>   But i got an error saying that Error: Incorrect parameter type for function 'CONTAINS()'. Expected Text, received Object  So parameters should only be Strings right? But how can i do something like this in Visualforce page?  <!-- JSTL sample -->     <c:forEach var="list" items="${testList}">             <c:if test="${fn:contains(anotherList, list.name)}">                 <input type="checkbox"  value="${list.name}" />             </c:if>     </c:forEach>


I'm trying to store a command string in a variable for later execution. The problem is that the command includes a parameter argument with whitespace. When the command is executed, instead of seeing the argument as a single string, the shell interprets it as two, including the double-quote characters:  Example:  $ CMD_CMAKE="cmake -G \"MSYS Makefiles\" ../../source/poppler-0.79/"  $ ${CMD_CMAKE} CMake Error: Could not create named generator "MSYS   I need to pass -G "MSYS Makefiles" to the cmake command. Instead, -G \"MSYS and Makefiles\" are being passed.  I have tried all of the following with no success:  $ CMD_CMAKE='cmake -G "MSYS Makefiles" ../../source/poppler-0.79/'  $ CMD_CMAKE="cmake -G 'MSYS Makefiles' ../../source/poppler-0.79/"  $ CMD_CMAKE="cmake -G MSYS\ Makefiles ../../source/poppler-0.79/"  $ CMD_CMAKE="cmake -G MSYS\\ Makefiles ../../source/poppler-0.79/"  $ GEN="MSYS Makefiles" && CMD_CMAKE="cmake -G ${GEN} ../../source/poppler-0.79/"  $ GEN="MSYS Makefiles" && CMD_CMAKE="cmake -G \"${GEN}\" ../../source/poppler-0.79/"  $ CMD_CMAKE=$(echo "cmake -G \"MSYS Makefiles\" ../../source/poppler-0.79/")  $ CMD_CMAKE=$(echo 'cmake -G "MSYS Makefiles" ../../source/poppler-0.79/')   I have done some searching around on Google, but I am not finding any answers. Perhaps because I am not using the correct terminology.  Edit: I'm sorry, I think I should have posted this question on stackoverflow.com.

$ ls -l /tmp/test/my\ dir/ total 0   I was wondering why the following ways to run the above command fail or succeed?  $ abc='ls -l "/tmp/test/my dir"'  $ $abc ls: cannot access '"/tmp/test/my': No such file or directory ls: cannot access 'dir"': No such file or directory  $ "$abc" bash: ls -l "/tmp/test/my dir": No such file or directory  $ bash -c $abc 'my dir'  $ bash -c "$abc" total 0  $ eval $abc total 0  $ eval "$abc" total 0


On the various sites I participate in, I see many users asking technical questions about how SE itself works on the site-specific metas.  The same question can be asked 60 times on various site-specific metas. In these cases, the correct answers and input are the same for all sites. Some of them may go unanswered, some of them may have a low quality answer, some of them may not have votes on the answers, etc. Often, content is copied around. But when the source of the original post gets improved or updated (or a new, better answer comes along), it won't be applied to the copies. To avoid this fragmentation, I'm suggesting a policy that all technical questions that are the same for all sites should be migrated (or cross-duped) to this Meta SE.  When these are purely about technical things that are the same for all SE sites, I'm suggesting that they be be migrated to this Meta SE (Currently, they typically are not migrated, which looking under the "support" tag on any site-specific meta shows.) Now, certainly > 95% of these questions would be closed as duplicates here on Meta SE. So, I therefore recommend @Glorfindel's suggestion of (without migration.) Yes, I know, this would have to be a new feature to be implemented. If it's not possible, then I suggest migrating and then closing as a dupe.  That way, there will be high quality answers, plenty of votes, united resources, and no fragmentation.  If this is already a policy (is it?), It's currently not being practiced very well (as I explained above.)   If implemented, mods on all sites may be notified about such a policy, and encouraged to practice it. Maybe there could even be some system to make it easy for high-rep users to participate in such migration?  Of course, not all sites have to be forced to do this. If one community was to oppose it, they could of course have their way.  I have already  to the meta of the site at which I'm the most active. Others who agree with this proposal could do the same for their respective communities.  @ShadowWizard has made a very good point by pointing out that since many users may not know about Meta SE, they may thus miss out on useful questions if this was practiced. I agree with that. I therefore feel that this suggestion needs to be coupled with some feature to highlight the existence of Meta SE to users of various sites. I already know of a , but that's just one suggestion. It could be achieved in many ways.  If questions involve particular circumstances of a particular community at all, then they should not be touched as per this suggestion. A very liberal view of what constitutes "particular circumstances" can be taken.

Now that we have one central cross-network Meta, we have a core place where network-wide issues can be discussed. There are a lot of great frequently asked questions and answers here, ones that will come up time and again on child Metas (like the new Meta.SO).  It would be great to be able to close these child Meta questions as duplicates of canonical entries here. This has come up a few times on Meta.SO already (such as for  on Meta.SO, which is a duplicate of  on Meta.SE), and we're ending up repeating ourselves by copying the answers from Meta.SE to answer the child Meta questions.  I know that there typically has not been an interest in allowing closing of cross-site duplicates as such, but this is a special case where I think there could be some benefit. It would both preserve one central repository of common canonical network-wide questions and answers and inform people of the presence of this site.   Otherwise, we'll be fragmenting the same questions across all of the child Metas, and in particular on Meta.SO we'll need to build up another set of canonical responses to the weekly "comments required for downvoting" and "why am I question banned" posts that we will certainly see so that we can close them properly.


I have a text file in the following format:  Surname, Forename: Day.Month.Year: Degree  Sellen, Jo: 03.07.1986: MSc CSE  Parfitt, Harry: 20.03.1984: MSc IT   How can I write a shell script that uses awk to read the file (class.txt) like this:  awk '{gsub(/ +/,"\t");print}' class.txt   and outputs the data in the following format, that exchanges the second and third column:  Surname Forename MSc stream Date of Birth  Sellen Jo MSc CSE 03.07.1986   Parfitt Harry MSc IT 20.03.1984   (Don't worry if tabbed columns don't line up)

How to write a shell script which uses awk to read in the data file students.txt and output the data in the tabbed format as shown:  Surname Forename MSc Stream Date of Birth Smith John IT 15.01.1986 Taylor Susan IT 04.05.1987 Thomas Steve MIT 19.04.1986    Do not worry if tabbed columns don’t line up. The distance between each of (Surname, Forename, MSc Stream and Date of Birth) column is one tab.   Question:  Why this bellow code doesn't work for me?  awk 'BEGIN {IFS=" "} {OFS="\t"} {print $1,$2,$3,$4}' students.txt


Is there a comprehensive list of the LaTeX ligatures in basic font(s)?  Besides the long dashes formed by -- and ---, and some two and three letter combinations that start with f (like fi), I can't think of any.  I am not doing anything really fancy, just using RevTeX4 class to format my research papers.  I searched on the web but didn't find a comprehensive list, though perhaps I missed something.  Any help?

This is a follow-up question to:   In order to know which ligatures I might consider disabling (I have in mind microtype's \DisableLigatures command; some important notes about selective disabling of ligatures are found under ), knowledge about which ligatures might be applied will be very useful. Which ligatures do the fonts used in my document offer?


From Drupal 8 beta 6 (released today), I have this error :     Error message UnexpectedValueException: Untrusted Host "localhost" in   Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request->getHost() (line 1221 of   core/vendor/symfony/http-foundation/Symfony/Component/HttpFoundation/Request.php).   I use this local url to call my site:   Inside my setting file, I have:       $settings['trusted_host_patterns'] = array(         'theming\.dev$',      );   Note, this error is displayed only when I uncomment this lines:   if (file_exists(__DIR__ . '/settings.local.php')) {    include __DIR__ . '/settings.local.php';  }   What is the problem please ? Thanks.

I am running a Drupal 8 website, and when I browse to any page, I get a plain white page with just the following error message on it.     The provided host name is not valid for this server.   What does this mean?  How do I fix this?


Originally i was using only windows 10 on one of my computers ssds and yesterday i installed linux on my other ssd. After linux was successfully installed i was no longer able to boot into windows 10 from the other drive. It kept sending me to grub rescue, but i was able to boot into linux just fine. I tried many different commands in linux to try and fix the problem but no matter what i tried grub couldnt see windows. I am now restoring windows from a back up and would like to know what should i do to not encounter this problem again and easily switch between kubuntu and windows when ever i please?

I'm absolutely new to Linux. I would like to know how to install Ubuntu alongside the pre-installed Windows 8+ OS.  Should I do it with Wubi, or through the Live USB/DVD?  What steps do I need to take to correctly install Ubuntu?


Looking at the JavaScript below, what does calling the behaviourName do?     Drupal.behaviors.behaviourName = {     attach: function (context) {       $('.someClass', context).once('some-handler').behaviourName(); // what does this do?      }   };   I though that the behaviourName was generally used for name spacing. I can see in the site that im working on that the behaviour name is normally called within itself like in this example. What is this for?

I read about Drupal behaviors today, and I tried writing the following code.  (function ($) {    Drupal.behaviors.mymodule = {     attach: function (context, settings) {       $('#mymodule_id', context).change(function () {         alert('Handler for .change() called.');       });     }   };  }(jQuery));    Is Drupal.behaviors.mymodule the namespace? What are the context and settings parameters passed to the Drupal behavior? Is this the equivalent of document.ready()?   Can I attach any number of functions?  Can I define JavaScript functions which will be called somewhere?


Going completely off the Marvel Cinematic Universe Thanos motivation here, which is different, canonically, from that of comic book Thanos;  the latter sought out the death of multiple trillions of beings as a "token of love" of sorts to Mistress Death, while the former had the arguably more logic-based reason of culling the populace to ensure proper amounts of resources for those who survived.   However, if this was the case... why did he not just use the Gauntlet to double, or even triple the various resources in the cosmos to better suit the population?  We have seen that the Space and Power Stones can reduce the time something needs to multiply, or increase the potency of both organic and inorganic items, respectively. The Reality Stone could essentially have been used to fix the problem outright; considering that it allows the user to basically bend reality to fulfill their wishes, even if the wish is "in direct contradiction with scientific laws, and do things that would normally be impossible," that Stone alone could have taken dead matter throughout the universe and turned it into food, water, or any other resources any planet needed.  Need for conflict aside, why was this never addressed in the story?  Furthermore, if Thanos' ultimate goal was harmony throughout the universe, and he is the overall genius, why didn't this occur to him when he had all the Stones? Was this at all touched upon in the movies, and thus set as a "limitation" of the Stones in some way?

If I had a gauntlet with essentially unlimited power, and my goal was to help make sure life in the universe was able to prosper, then my first thought toward this goal probably would not be      to extinguish half of all life.   This doesn't directly help anyone, and it is, at best, a temporary solution, since      populations will eventually grow back.   Assuming that I am not, in fact, secretly in love with an avatar of death itself, why would I choose to      commit universal genocide   instead of directly solving the limited resource problem?  So, to be specific, my question is: In-universe, what is Thanos's motivation for attempting to do this instead of more reasonable alternatives?


I have a hood ventilation system that vents to the outside.  It has removable grease traps, as pictured below.  I've put them in the dishwasher, but the grease has polymerized onto them.  I'm looking for cleaning tips.

I'm sure everyone's seen this - that brownish stuff left behind when you grease an area of a baking dish that gets left exposed to the heat. Soap doesn't bother it too much, and it likes to gum up my scrubber. What's going on there, and are there any easy ways to get it off?


I am trying to get rid of all the empty lines from a file but I do want to preserve "\n" after every non empty line. Problem: command works correctly if used in CLI but as soon as I use any command in a bash script it removes all "\n" so I have all my results in one line instead of having them in separate lines. here is my code: #printing second and third word from every line and remove lines that do not contain any digits     result=$(cat "$output_file" | awk '{print $2" "$3}' | sed 's/[^0-9]*/\\n/')     echo -e ""$result"" > "$output_file"  #getting rid of all empty lines but what happens is that the whole file becomes one line     no_empty_lines=$(cat "$output_file" | awk NF)     echo -e ""$no_empty_lines"" > "$output_file"  file to edit:  > 135.121.62.246 7.4  > 135.121.160.65 7.8  > 135.121.106.56 7.5  >   >   > 135.121.106.96 6.2  >   >   > 135.121.160.106 10  >    > 135.121.90.46 commandFailed  demanded result: file to edit:  > 135.121.46.246 7.4  > 135.121.106.46 7.8  > 135.121.106.56 7.5  > 135.121.106.96 6.2   > 135.121.160.16 10  > 135.121.90.46 commandFailed

I want to remove all empty lines from a file. Even if the line contains spaces or tabs it should also be removed.


I keep hearing people say things like:     I took off the quote unquote lid.   That is, they say "quote unquote" followed by what they meant to quote. In reality, it means that they quoted an empty string and then said the next word outside of the quotes.  Why don't they say it like this?     I took off the quote lid unquote.   ?

In spoken English, people often say "quote-unquote" (or "quote-endquote") to indicate that part of what they are saying is a quotation (scare or otherwise). Sometimes the quoted material will go between quote and unquote, and occasionaly it will precede the quote-unquote. Often, though, "quote unquote" introduces the quoted material.  Why does quote unquote precede the quotation?  It would seem that quote opens the quoted text and that unquote closes it, but then why would we close the quotation before actually providing it. It would be the equivalent of writing your quotation marks together, "", rather than around the quoted text.  What are the origins of this construction?  Three years ago ChrisR asked  on whether it is correct to use quote, unquote. The answers did not deal with origins, but one commenter suggested that quote-unquote is a corruption of quote-on-quote, but he provided no evidence, nor any real explanation.


Today ,I use the \tableofcontentsto yield a content ,however ,it lacks of the reference .  My trial        \documentclass{ctexart }       \begin{document  }         \addcontentsline{ toc }{ section }{Reference }         \tableofcontents       \end{ document }   Fortunately ,the reference appear to the first line ,while I need it appear on the last line.  so I wonder how to revise.thanks .

I need to make my (BibTeX) references section appear in the table of contents of my LaTeX document (documentclass: article), with section numbering too.  My approach until now has been making a new section and including the bibliography (references.bib) at that point:  \section{References} \bibliography{references}   However, the final document shows both the section title that I have written and the section title that BibTeX writes, which is quite redundant and I definitely dislike.  How can I either remove BibTeX's section title, or make the BibTeX bibliography appear in the table of contents without making a new section?  If I were to make the BibTeX bibliography appear in the table of contents without making a new section, how could I assure that the section title that BibTeX writes looks exactly like sections typeset with \section?


Given $n+1$ points $(X,Y)$ in a plane such that no two points have same $x$-coordinates. Show: $\exists ! f\in\mathbb R[x]$ s.t. $f(x)=y$

Suppose $z_1, .....z_{m+1}$ are distinct elements of $F$ and $w_1,....,w_{m+1} \in F$. Prove that there exists a unique polynomial $p \in P_m(F)$ such that $p(z_j) = w_j$ for j=1,...m+1.  Any ideas on where to start/go with this one. I'm having quite some trouble with it.


I know this question has no relevance to the analysis, but it seems some friends about all the information they contain mathematical topics. So please forgive me I have a question about about fuzzy differential which i say it.My professor says that my solution is wrong,but i believe it is right.According to papers and books related to this problem,which i read,my solution is right. If you can, please send the correct answer for me. Let $f:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R_f$ with $f(t)=(1,2,3)t$ be a function. We're investigating whether or not the existing Hukuhara  derivative and generalized  Hukuhara derivative at $t_0 =0$ . According to definition:  $f'(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{f(x+h) \ominus_H f(x)}{h} =\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{[(1+\alpha)(x+h),(3-\alpha)(x+h)] \ominus_H [(1+\alpha)(x),(3-\alpha)(x)]}{h}=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{[(1+\alpha)(x+h-x),(3-\alpha)(x+h-x)]}{h}=[(1+\alpha),(3-\alpha)]=(1,2,3) $  And generalized  Hukuhara derivative is equal with  Hukuhara derivative.Can you tell me what is wrong? If writing answer was too hard take a picture and send me the photo.so Thanks.  ganhard1372@gmail.com

I know this question has no relevance to the analysis, but it seems some friends about all the information they contain mathematical topics. So please forgive me I have a question about fuzzy differential which i say it.My professor says that my solution is wrong,but i believe it is right.According to papers and books related to this problem,which i read,my solution is right. If you can, please send the correct answer for me. Let $f:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R_f$ with $f(t)=(1,2,3)t$ be a function. We're investigating whether or not the existing Hukuhara  derivative and generalized  Hukuhara derivative at $t_0 =0$ . According to definition:  \begin{align*}f'(x)&=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{f(x+h) \ominus_H f(x)}{h}\\  &=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{[(1+\alpha)(x+h),(3-\alpha)(x+h)] \ominus_H [(1+\alpha)(x),(3-\alpha)(x)]}{h}\\ &=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{[(1+\alpha)(x+h-x),(3-\alpha)(x+h-x)]}{h}\\ &=[(1+\alpha),(3-\alpha)]\\ &=(1,2,3)\end{align*}  And generalized  Hukuhara derivative is equal with  Hukuhara derivative.Can you tell me what is wrong? If writing answer was too hard take a picture and send me the photo.so Thanks.  ganhard1372@gmail.com


How to prove that the sequence $a_n=n^{1/n}$ is convergent using definition of convergence?

Thomson et al. provide a proof that $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \sqrt[n]{n}=1$ in . It has to do with using an inequality that relies on the binomial theorem:  I have an alternative proof that I know (from elsewhere) as follows.  Proof. \begin{align} \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{ \log n}{n} = 0 \end{align} Then using this, I can instead prove: \begin{align} \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \sqrt[n]{n} &= \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \exp{\frac{ \log n}{n}} \newline & = \exp{0} \newline & = 1 \end{align}  On the one hand, it seems like a valid proof to me. On the other hand, I know I should be careful with infinite sequences. The step I'm most unsure of is: \begin{align} \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \sqrt[n]{n} = \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \exp{\frac{ \log n}{n}} \end{align} I know such an identity would hold for bounded $n$ but I'm not sure I can use this identity when $n\rightarrow \infty$. Question: If I am correct, then would there be any cases where I would be wrong? Specifically, given any sequence $x_n$, can I always assume: \begin{align} \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} x_n = \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \exp(\log x_n) \end{align} Or are there sequences that invalidate that identity?  (Edited to expand the last question) given any sequence $x_n$, can I always assume: \begin{align} \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} x_n &=  \exp(\log \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} x_n) \newline &=  \exp(\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \log x_n) \newline &=  \lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \exp( \log x_n) \end{align} Or are there sequences that invalidate any of the above identities? (Edited to repurpose this question). Please also feel free to add different proofs of $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \sqrt[n]{n}=1$.


I watched Alita Battle Angel yesterday in a movie theater and I waited  until the end of the end credits to leave the theater. At the very end of it, after the Special thanks part, a sentence caught my eyes (approximative quote):     15,000 jobs were supported by the production of this movie.   If memory serves, it is the first time for me to see this part of the end credits.   Is Alita Battle Angel the first movie to show this sentence (or a similar one) in its end credits? If so, why? If not, what is the first movie doing this?  I usually quit the movie theater after the music credits, and ignore the Special thanks and production logos that appear at the very end of the credits.  Edit: while trying to find more information for my answer, I found out that my question is a duplicate of that .

What is the first movie to show this hard work message at the very end?


I have a Nikon d5200 with 18-140 lens and I don't want to invest more on lenses, so I was planning to sell D5200 and buy P900. Please suggest. Will I get decent photos from P900?  I am not a professional photographer.

This is my first question in /photography. I'm a very amateur photographer, doing things wrong and by eye with lots of trial-and-error all the time.  I currently own a reflex Nikon D70 my uncle gave us after he bought a better one. It has some nice settings, and he bought a a Nikkor 28-80mm F/3.5-5.6 zoom lens for it. It behaves nicely, but it's getting old (it has those old cartridges before SD cards existed) and every new charge takes longer than the last.  I'm planning to upgrade to a better camera, and there are some neat offers on a nearby superstore (MediaMarkt), this one catching my eye:  Sony DSC-H400 63x, Sensor Super HAD 1/2/3 CCD 20.1MP -> for less than 300€ taxes included  I don't have any type of extra information aside from that, all I can get from the official site is clinical data from other cameras that I suspect it's not 100% accurate, and there's no photography expert on the store to ask.  The common things I use my D70 for are: taking pictures of scenery (castles, towns, forests, waves hitting rocks, etc...), nearby (<5m) persons and objects, and well, things where I want to save a memory in digital format, not for professional purposes at all.  Being that my objective is to have a decent, good-zooming (superzoom looks awesome), amateur (but with manual settings) camera, is this Sony a good replacement? Will I miss any features? Is there any better, similarly-priced alternative you know of?  Basically, I want to know whether I will get better quality photos than I currently do, given the examples, with any averagely-priced bridge camera similar to that Sony, and if it's worth it.  examples of current camera results  Full zoom-out of town at night, bad quality I know; notice the pink blur at the left.    Maximum zoom on that pink blur from almost the same spot:    Daylight, cloudy, modified with Adobe Lightroom, scenery:    Same day, same beach, different settings:    Same day, same beach, rocks:


Lets say I have this string ="C:/EFI/Ulta/Filename.rb" and Im trying to split only "Filename" from it.  I tried string.split.last and it returns "Filename.rb", I tried dropping the ".rb" but drop method isnt working for me. is there any other methods I can use?

How can I get the filename from a file path in Ruby?  For example if I have a path of "C:\projects\blah.dll" and I just want the "blah".  Is there a LastIndexOf method in Ruby?


I needed to create a list of lists in Python, so I typed the following: my_list = [[1] * 4] * 3  The list looked like this: [[1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1]]    Then I changed one of the innermost values: my_list[0][0] = 5  Now my list looks like this: [[5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1], [5, 1, 1, 1]]    which is not what I wanted or expected. Can someone please explain what's going on, and how to get around it?


I'm trying to copy the "file.txt" file into all the directories.  [root@mycomputer]# ls -lh total 132K drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:47 ilo01 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo02 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo03 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo04 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo05 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo06 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo07 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 08:40 ilo08 drwxr--r--.  2 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 10:03 ilo09 drwxr--r--. 11 postgres postgres 4.0K Jan  2 11:15 ilo10 -rw-r--r--.  1 postgres postgres  64K Jun 27  2016 file.txt   Using TAB to see the behaviour of the command to run:  [root@mycomputer]# cp -p file.txt ilo[0-1][0-9] ilo01/ ilo02/ ilo03/ ilo04/ ilo05/ ilo06/ ilo07/ ilo08/ ilo09/ ilo10/   But I get this error:  [root@mycomputer]# cp -v -p file.txt ilo[0-1][0-9]* `postgresTdas.txt' -> `ilo10/file.txt' cp: omitting directory `ilo01' cp: omitting directory `ilo02' cp: omitting directory `ilo03' cp: omitting directory `ilo04' cp: omitting directory `ilo05' cp: omitting directory `ilo06' cp: omitting directory `ilo07' cp: omitting directory `ilo08' cp: omitting directory `ilo09'   Same thing happens with:  [root@mycomputer]# cp -p file.txt ilo*   and  [root@mycomputer]# cp -p file.txt ilo*/   I don't understand why "[0-1][0-9] doen't work the way I need.  I'm assuming that the copy is going to put the file.txt in the list that the TAB shows.  What am I missing?

Is it possible to copy a single file to multiple directories using the cp command ?  I tried the following , which did not work:    cp file1 /foo/ /bar/ cp file1 {/foo/,/bar}   I know it's possible using a for loop, or find. But is it possible using the gnu cp command?


When are you supposed to use "what" vs. "which" as a relative pronoun in a relative clause? According to :  The most common relative pronouns are who/whom, whoever/whomever, whose, that, and which. (Please note that in certain situations, "what," "when," and "where" can function as relative pronouns.)  But it doesn't mention when you should use "what" in that particular role. Some other examples are:  Where did you buy the dress what you wore last week? You're that smart banker what killed his wife.  There was an ESL quiz from Singapore where "what" filled in the blank in the following sentence (and "which" was explicitly marked incorrect by the teacher):  This orchestra, ______ these musicians are from, is very good.  According to "" in 1868:  The pronoun what is a relative, when equivalent to that which; when not, it is an interrogative.  Did this use of the pronoun "what" become "officially" ungrammatical at some point?

Can you tell me the difference in the meaning of the two sentences below?  As a defining relative clause.     The location which was called Central Park was a park in New York.    As a non-defining relative clause.     The location, which was called Central Park, was a park in New York.


I am using Ubuntu 12.04 and I have an Ethernet internet connection.   I have connected this cable with my PC directly without using any wifi router. So I want to use my PC as wifi hotspot. Can you tell me how to create Hotspot in ubuntu 12.04?

My desktop has a fast wired connection and I would like to set up a sort of "wifi hotspot" that allows mobile devices to connect to my pc and share this fast connection. How would I go about doing this?


when i open the pokemon go app for my ios 9.3 iphone, the app takes me to a page where it only gives me the option to SIGN UP with google and not SIGN IN to my already existing account, furthermore when i click sign up it wont load the next page for me, ive already tried re-downloading the app, hard restart of the phone and simply closing and re-opening the app. nothing has worked so far

Pokemon GO isn't working at all for me right now. I'm in one of the following circumstances and can't do anything:   My game is displaying a "Try Again" message I'm stuck on the Loading Screen When I sign in I get a message that the servers are experiencing problems. I see the map but nothing is loaded, and my team color is wrong The "loading" Pokeball just ends up spinning and I can't catch or interact with things When I try to catch a Pokemon, the Pokeball just sits on my screen doing nothing Gym opponents will drop to 1 HP and won't take any more damage or attack When I open a pokestop, the pokestop image and the name of the pokestop does not load.   What's causing this? Is there a way to fix it?


I tried to see if it is possible to create folders in the section of favorites, to organise the related question in different topics. Personally I have saved different questions because I still can't understand them properly but many of these could really help me in future, but in this way the section gets quite confusing, allowing to create folders and name them could help to give a lot of order. I think this could be a good tool, obviously it is just a suggestion, I am not expecting anything but if it is something that a big part of the community would appreciate maybe could be considered.   I am aware that this has been discussed in the past in the following links, thanks to the clarification given on the same question I posed (wrongly) on th PSE . The following are some links to discussions of this type          but since these discussions are quite old and as new features concernig the favorites section should come out in this period as explained , maybe it could be possible reconsider an introduction of tools like folders (just as an example) or whatever the community feels more adapt to cover this kind of problem. Thanks a lot

There are many, many old posts on meta asking for suggestions on how to better organize favorites.  ,  and , among others.  This is not meant to be an open discussion on how to improve favorites, but rather a specific feature request that I'd like feedback on.      I would love to see a feature added that would let users arbitrarily create "groups" of favorites, and drag individual favorited questions under these groups.  I have about 2 pages of favorites (I know others have much more), and finding an individual one is quite difficult, especially since the specific question title is usually forgotten.  I just added  to my favorites, since I liked Andrew Whitaker's answer, and might want to come back and look at it later; I'd love to add this to a group called, say, "Useful Code".    I've favorited other posts since they had neat tricks in them, or because there were answers written on interesting theoretical computer science topics.  Having different groups for all these areas would be immensely helpful in finding posts later.


I want a baby chick and i was wondering if i could leave a store egg our in the summer's warmth/ a warm place and let it turn into a baby chick.. does it really work???

I'm a bit scared to try it, because I'm not sure what would be worse--cracking open a rotten egg, or having to figure out what to do with a chick.  So how about it?  If I leave chicken eggs out, will they eventually hatch if kept at the right temperature?  EDIT - Sorry for the confusion.  I was referring to store bought eggs only.


I currently have kevlar vittorio rubbino tyres on my road bike, but they don't have enough grip for the oncoming uk winter conditions. What level of tyre tread do I need for road commuting on uk winter roads and any recommendations welcome. I would still like to maintain a low weight and good rolling resistance.

What are some good tires to install for riding the roads in snow, ice, other winter conditions? Besides letting some pressure out for better traction, what tires should I use?


Everything worked perfectly fine yesterday. But today the syntax hightlighting stopped working:    MonoBehaviour and Sprite should be green, just like Item. What can I try to solve this?  What I tried: Turned computer on and off.    I temporarly solve it by deleting all VS files in my project folder  But If I move a script inside Unity to another folder and then open that script, then Intelli Sense does not work anymore and I have to close Visual Studio, delete all VS files in my project folder again and open the file again in unity. This seems to be a major VS bug.

The strange thing is that opened scripts or newly opened ones are working fine. It's the new created C# scripts that are not working.  With not working, I mean the MonoBehaviour is not in light blue color it's in black color. In this screenshot I took, I marked it with a red circle.    What have I tried so far? I have closed Visual Studio and started over again.  Since it didn't solve it, I closed the unity editor and started it over again, to no avail.  I pressed 'clean solution', I pressed 'rebuild solution', I pressed 'build solution'.  What else can I do ? And why are the other scripts working fine? If I type gameo...it will auto complete it to GameObject but in this specific script it's just not working.  This is a screenshot of the editor. I have in the Hierarchy a Ladder object.  In the Assets I created a folder name Ladder and a script name Ladder. But this Ladder script is not working.    This is the Ladder script and this script was working before but once I created another script inside the ladder folder name Raise empty script the Raise script didn't work and now the Ladder is not working either. But other scripts are working fine.  using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine;  public class Ladder : MonoBehaviour {     public Transform charcontroller;      private bool inside = false;     private float heightFactor = 3.2f;      private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other)     {             inside = true;     }      private void OnTriggerExit(Collider other)     {             inside = false;     }      private void Update()     {         if (inside == true && Input.GetKey("w"))             charcontroller.transform.position += Vector3.up / heightFactor;     } }


I have three vector subspaces of a vector space $H$ , I need to prove the following :   $$ E \cap (F + (E \cap G)) = (E \cap F) + (E \cap G)$$  I've already proved that $E + ( F \cap G) \subset  (E+F) \cap (E + G)$ , The first thing I thought of is to prove the double inclusion, i.e :   $$ E \cap (F + (E \cap G)) \subset (E \cap F) + (E \cap G)$$  and   $$ (E \cap F) + (E \cap G) \subset E \cap (F + (E \cap G)) $$  But I have no idea how to do that .

If $U, V, W$ are subspaces of a vector space $X$ and if $U$ is a subspaces of $W$, then $$(U+V) \cap W = U + (V \cap W)$$    Do we need also that $V$ is a subspace of $W$? I can't see how to prove this otherwise.  This is typed up by my professor so it's definitely possible there's a typo.


I killed a bunch of guards and villagers and now everyone hates me, and the NPC's have not respawned. How to I get them to like me again and get the guards to respawn?

I thought it would be nice to steal some useful stuff from people. However, the whole town got angry for me doing so. Seems someone did spot me doing so, I survived the first people by walking back out of the town and had to murder three man where I used up all my potions. When entering the town again I entered a building but the immediate moment I enter the building an angry person also enters right behind me and is much stronger than me. I don't seem welcome in this town anymore...  Here are my questions:   What should I do to survive from him and get rid of the bounty? Can I run out of the town for a long distance so I lose aggro or bounty? Or will he keep following?


Hi any idea to insert color from other booleon object in geometry node.

I am want to apply a material just to the faces of an object that were edited by a boolean modifier set to subtract.     A would be one material and B would be another. I am also doing this in a animation, so the subtraction object is changing on every frame.


A number when divided by 2 leaves a remainder of 1. When it is divided by 3 leaves a remainder 2. When it is divided by 4 it leaves a remainder of 3. And when it is divided by 5 it leaves remainder of 4. What should be the number ?  Note : I already formulated some formula but I think it might not work:  x = 2a + 1 x = 3b + 2 x = 4c + 3 x = 5d + 4

Find an integer having the remainders $2,3,4,5$ when divided by $3,4,5,6$, respectively.   My work:  We consider the congruences $x \equiv 2 \pmod 3$, $x \equiv 3 \pmod 4$, $x \equiv 4 \pmod 5$, $x \equiv 5 \pmod 6$. We can reduce this further to $x \equiv 2 \pmod 3$, $x \equiv 3 \pmod 4$, $x \equiv 4 \pmod 5$. We have  $N_1 = 4 \cdot 5 = 20 \implies 20 x_1 \equiv 1 \pmod{3} \implies 2x_1 \equiv 1 \pmod{3} \implies x_1 \equiv 2 \pmod {3}$  $N_2 = 3 \cdot 5 = 15 \implies 15x_2 \equiv 1 \pmod{4} \implies -x_2 \equiv 1 \pmod{4} \implies x_2 \equiv 3 \pmod {4}$   $N_3 = 3 \cdot 4 = 12 \implies 12 x_3 \equiv 1 \pmod{5} \implies 2x_3 \equiv 1 \pmod{5} \implies x_3 \equiv 3 \pmod {5}$  Now,  \begin{align*} \bar x &= a_1 N_1 x_1 + a_2 N_2 x_2 + a_3 N_3 x_3 \\ &= 3 \cdot 20 \cdot 2 + 4 \cdot 15 \cdot 3 + 5 \cdot 12 \cdot 3 \\ &= 480 \equiv 0 \pmod {3 \cdot 4 \cdot 5} \end{align*}  Is this correct, or is something wrong in my work? I don't like how I have $0$ remainder.


I need to remove all text between * characters in string. For example: Hello! How are you? *Smiling_Face* *Heart*  And the result should be like: Hello! How are you?  There might be random count of those emojis. I have tried to use regex, but that have not worked for me, I tried these patterns: r'*.+?*' and '*[^*]+*'

I am tired of always trying to guess, if I should escape special characters like '()[]{}|' etc. when using many implementations of regexps.  It is different with, for example, Python, sed, grep, awk, Perl, rename, Apache, find and so on. Is there any rule set which tells when I should, and when I should not, escape special characters? Does it depend on the regexp type, like PCRE, POSIX or extended regexps?


I want to make an attendance sheet in excel. If a child is present, the teacher will write P in a cell, or A for absent, or L for latecomer. I want to get the number of P or L in a range to calculate total number of days in a month for each child, where the child has been either present or late.  How can I accomplish this?

I have a sheet with a couple hundred rows. Each row has an 'owner' and a pass/fail field. I am making a second sheet that has statistics for the users. So for each user it will count the number of passes, fails and non-completes. My question is how do I write a function to do this? My guess is its something like countif(sheet1!a1:aN, AND(a[i][owner]=name, a[i][pass/fail]=pass). Obviously though this syntax doesnt work in excel, so I would like to figure out how to do it


UPDATE: it has been pointed out to me that the answer to this problem has been posted  in the context of re-numbering of tables.    A (not very exhaustive) search on "figure numbers" did not reveal a previous question about my problem, so here it goes:  Is there a way to add a prefix (say, a single letter) before the figure number in the figure caption?  Background: I want to create a supplementary data file in which the figures (say, Fig. S1, Fig. S2, etc.) appear differently from those in the main file (where they are called Fig. 1, Fig. 2, etc., as usual).  Is there a command, counter, or script available for this? Thanks in advance.

I am trying to implement a style to name tables and figures depending on the section for a thesis and can't figure out how to do it with LaTeX.  In the end it should look like this:   and my document:  \documentclass{article}  \begin{document}  \section{Start} Start text \section{Middle} Middle text \begin{table}[h]     \centering     \begin{tabular}{l}     first table\\     \end{tabular} \caption{A normal table} \end{table}  \section*{Supplemental}  \begin{table}[h]     \centering     \begin{tabular}{l}         table in supplemental part\\     \end{tabular} \caption{This should read: ``Table S1: caption text''} \end{table}  \end{document}      I don't want to change the naming permanently, it should continue normally in the next chapter. Is there any easy way to accomplish something like this?


Modular exponentiation using Euler Totient Function for the below question.  $$ 128 ^{343} \mod 527 $$ using totient function. Is there any other method to find the remainder of the question if totient function fails? Please provide me some valuable answer in Euler totient function or give the other methods to learn

How do I efficiently compute $a^b\bmod c$:  When $b$ is huge, for instance $5^{844325}\bmod 21$? When $b$ is less than $c$ but it would still be a lot of work to multiply $a$ by itself $b$ times, for instance $5^{69}\bmod 101$? When $(a,c)\ne1$, for instance $6^{103}\bmod 14$?  Are there any other tricks for evaluating exponents in modular arithmetic?  This is being asked in an effort to cut down on duplicates, see  and .


I am new to HTML When I type  in notepad++ it does not automatically make the end tags as it should,  How do I activate this feature.

In Dreamweaver typing </ will automatically close the last open tag, so you don't have to type it all out, and it helps if you aren't sure if you closed one or not. Is there a plugin that dose this for Notepad++?  This is not like text FX where typing the opening tag/bracket adds the close on the other side of the cursor. This behavior is an auto completion that happens when </ is typed, DW finds whatever the innermost open tag is, and closes it. I find that, when I have the option of using DW, I will use this feature far more often than anything else that DW provides. Thus I would love to know if there was a way to do it in NPP.  Here is DW preference in question:  Notice how there is a different option that does what text FX does, but I don't want that.  I am not opposed to unorthodox suggestions, some kind of macro, or hack of a plugging. Anything to emulate the functionality. If need be, I could write a plugin, I just have no idea how to go about it.


I'm having problem with the boolean divide(int depth) method in the Triangle class I created, the code is as follows. Other parts have passed the test, but because of the boolean divide(int depth), this programming throws a java.lang.NullPointerException.   I've been working on it for a long time but I still don't know what's wrong with the recursion. Both boolean divide() and boolean divide(int depth) don't take any argument, this makes it so difficult for me to write the recursion. Any hint will be appreciated, thanks a lot.  boolean divide(int depth)overwrites boolean divide(), boolean divide()divides the triangle into three sub triangles, it creates three Vertex2D on each edge of a triangle and the sub-triangles are stored in the Triangle class in an array as an attribute.   public class Triangle {     private static final int NUM_OF_SUB_TRIANGLES = 3;     private final Vertex2D[] vertices = new Vertex2D[3];     private final Triangle[] subTriangles = new  Triangle[NUM_OF_SUB_TRIANGLES];     public  Triangle(Vertex2D v1, Vertex2D v2, Vertex2D v3){         vertices[0] = v1;         vertices[1] = v2;         vertices[2] = v3;     }  // Method returns a vertex of the triangle according to input index public Vertex2D getVertex(int index) {     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {         if (index == i) {             return vertices[i];         }     }     return null; }  public boolean isEquilateral(){     double side1 = vertices[0].distance(vertices[1]);     double side2 = vertices[0].distance(vertices[2]);     double side3 = vertices[1].distance(vertices[2]);      if(Math.abs(side1-side2) < 0.001 && Math.abs(side1-side3) < 0.001 && Math.abs(side2-side3) < 0.001){         return true;     }else{         return false;     }  }  // Method outputs the coordinates of threes vertices of the triangle // edit this one public String toString(){     String s = "Triangle: vertices=" + vertices[0]             + " [" + vertices[1].getX() + ", " + vertices[1].getY() + "] " + "[" + vertices[2].getX() + ", " + vertices[2].getY()             + "]";     return s; }  // Method checks if the three sub triangles are created public boolean isDivided(){     for(int i = 0 ; i < NUM_OF_SUB_TRIANGLES; i ++){         if(subTriangles[i] == null){             return false;         }     }     return true; }  // Method returns a sub triangle according to the input index public Triangle getSubTriangle(int index){     for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {         if (index == i) {             return subTriangles[i];         }     }     return null; }  // Method divides the triangle into three sub triangles  public boolean divide(){     if (isDivided()){         return false;     }else{         // Find vertices of the three sub triangles         Triangle t1 = new Triangle(vertices[0], vertices[0].createMiddle(vertices[1]), vertices[0].createMiddle(vertices[2]));         Triangle t2 = new Triangle(vertices[0].createMiddle(vertices[1]), vertices[1], vertices[1].createMiddle(vertices[2]));         Triangle t3 = new Triangle(vertices[0].createMiddle(vertices[2]), vertices[1].createMiddle(vertices[2]), vertices[2]);          subTriangles[0] = t1;         subTriangles[1] = t2;         subTriangles[2] = t3;          return true;     } }  public boolean divide(int depth){     if(depth <= 0){         return false;     }else{         while(depth > 0) {             if (!isDivided()) {                 divide();             } else {                 depth -= 1;                 for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {                     getSubTriangle(i).divide(depth);                 }                 depth -= 1;             }         }         return true;     }  } }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


When I try to print the Stack Exchange webpages, the margins are too small:      Is there a way to print it correctly?

So I have to print some Stack Overflow pages and bring them around. Just accept it.  Problem: while pages may look perfectly normal on the web, something recently broke the print layout... a huge whitespace block showed up on the right (, ). Tons of whitespace. This is on every site on the network () on a bunch of different screens ().  Futzing with DevTools, the problem seems to be :   #mainbar, .mainbar {     width: calc(100% - 300px - 24px); }   Can someone check if this is the only issue and possibly fix this?


Office politics are real, and dangerous. Just as there is likely merit to the judgements of those who judge colleagues harshly — so is it true that power politics in organizations can cause organizational drag, dumb down decisions, and damage careers. My point is that it is your response to both perceived and real machinations that either amplifies or moderates these dysfunctions.

Which is correct, "politics is out of scope" or  "politics are out of scope?"


I wonder if anyone here can help: 'It's great fun to play with him' and 'It's great fun playing with him'. Are they both correct? I feel the second one sounds more natural, but how about the first one? Many thanks!

I would like to know what the difference is between "I love doing something" and "I love to do something".  For example:        “I love singing.”      and,        “I love to sing.”      When I was young, I was told that "love doing something" is right, but one day, I found Jessie J wrote "I love to sing" on her Instagram.


Considering that environment variables defined in a shell are available to the child processes of the shell. When we open a terminal, it reads .bashrc and executes its commands. That means the .bashrc is available to all the terminals.  I want to know whether the environment variables of bashrc are available to  those scripts which are run periodically at fixed intervals? i.e. We manually do not open a terminal to run these scripts. What if I start QtCreator by clicking on the desktop icon? Will the environment variables of bashrc be available to this QtCreator process? Why? If not, then what will be the way to supply environment variables to those scripts which do not physically open a terminal?  Please include references while answering.

Is ~/.bashrc  the only place to specify user specific environment variables, aliases, modifications to PATH variable, etc?  I ask because it seems that ~/.bashrc seems to be bash-only, but other shells exist too…


I've always wondered why does JAVA and C# has String (immutable & threadsafe) class, if they have StringBuilder (mutable & not threadsafe) or StringBuffer (mutable & threadsafe) class. Isn't StringBuilder/StringBuffer superset of String class? I mean, why should I use String class, if I've option of using StringBuilder/StringBuffer?  For example, Instead of using following,  String str;   Why can't I always use following?  StringBuilder strb; //or StringBuffer strbu;   In short, my question is, How will my code get effected if I replace String with StringBuffer class? Also, StringBuffer has added advantage of mutability.

Why is it that they decided to make String immutable in Java and .NET (and some other languages)? Why didn't they make it mutable?


Possibly related to , I noticed a bit ago that occasionally there is an issue with the hats in chat. Here's a screenshot to demonstrate:    As you can see, @AidanMueller's hat is fine in the top image, and is scrunched into the top-right portion of the image in the bottom large one. In the smaller one towards the middle, it seems fine.  As new messages were sent, the issue apparently is only in that one image, here's a picture of the messages sent afterwards:     A quick note: reloading the page does fix the issue:

I have recently noticed that in chat when I type enough and the profile picture expands with my message, the hat stays the same size and it stays in the same place (I have the  app):


When a spaceship moving in a space at a high speed its mass will be increase due to it's high velocity. If there's an astronaut inside this ship does his  mass also increase or the spaceship protect the astronaut from this increase in mass.

If a person was sitting on a craft that has accelerated to near light speed speed from Earth (e.g. 99.999% of light speed) would there be any impact on his or her human biology due to relativistic effects on mass, time and distance?    For example, would the heart still be able to pump blood effectively if the relativistic mass of the blood has increased?    Or would accelerating the blood a bit further towards light speed requires more energy than when stationary on earth?


I understand and respect the policy against being "chatty" with the comment system, but I think there are substantive benefits to simple "thank yous" and certain other strictly social comments. I wonder if we could support the latter by providing an "ephemeral" option when submitting a comment such that the comment goes away by itself after some appropriate event (e.g. person who it's targeted at reads it, if that's detectable) or after a certain amount of time passes (e.g. 24 hours).  I'm currently working around this policy by submitting 'thank you' comments and then deleting them after some time passes.  Alternatively, if constructive, social-only comments (e.g. thank yous) are really "ok" in the domain of comments, despite they're being actively discouraged and eliminated in questions, it would be helpful if that could somehow be made more clear.

Meanwhile, in August 2009  as reason for comment flagging, and the comment flags show in the 10k tools. And  is on its way. Hence: I don't care for this request myself anymore. An explicit [status-declined] would be fine.    What about being able to set comments to auto-expire? Or, alternatively, set a comment to be removable by the author of the question or answer one comments on?  This way the communities would allow for some personal or funny comments (even like "Thanks") without those comments littering the sites forever. Or, when the original author is allowed to clean up, then comments that have been taken care of by editing the question or answer, could be removed.  Why?  As, , there's no way to send a personal message to other members, I find myself abusing the comments like some "poor man's private messaging system". I try to refrain from things like "Thank you", but sometimes I do want to point out something to someone. After a while (hours, days) I then  to remove them (hoping that no-one actually replied to them with another comment, like "Thanks, fixed it").  Like :    (I don't find this feature request very important (at all), I am quite impressed by what's been given us already, and I doubt there's a way to implement it without making things too confusing. Maybe I'm just trying too hard to keep things tidy and clean. Still, I wanted to share it, just in case someone comes up with something very clever...)


Is there any way I can add metropolis package into MikTeX? I got this error:  ! Package beamerfontthememetropolis Error: Patching section title failed. See the beamerfontthememetropolis package documentation for explanation. Type H <return> for immediate help.... \patchcmd

I tried to use the metropolis beamer theme, but I got the following error  ! Package beamerfontthememetropolis Error: Patching section title failed. See the beamerfontthememetropolis package documentation for explanation. Type H <return> for immediate help.... \patchcmd


I am currently writing my thesis and it has a 200 page limit without figures and tables.  Is there some way I can turn off tables and figures from being output, so I can check my page count, but without removing them from the code?  Please find here the style file I am using:

I'm working on a research paper with many figures in it. To save paper, I would like to exclude the figures when I print drafts of the paper. Is there an easy way to do this (via command-line option, graphicx option, or something else)?


I got my standard visitor visa for UK stamped and it starts from 15th April. But my flight will be reaching London on 14th April 7AM local time(due to my mistake of overlooking dates). I think airline will not allow me to board. I am currently in USA and am a permanent resident of USA with an Indian nationality.  Can I apply for change in dates to start a day early  or apply for a new visa? What are my options?   Thanks!

I've already submitted my UK visa application, but have yet to receive the visa.  I need to book a flight a day or two before the 'intended date of arrival' that I've entered in my application.  My question is, if and when I get the visa, will the validity be from the date it was issued, or from the date of intended date of arrival I entered on my application.  In case it's from the intended date, then is it possible for me to arrive a day or two before that day, or will it create problems with the airport security?


I can't get the playlist to show in Totem. The Help page says "To show or hide the playlist, choose View ▸ Sidebar or click on the Sidebar button, and choose Playlist on the top of the sidebar." But when I choose View, there is no Sidebar option, nor is there any Sidebar button.

I just noticed that my totem video player doesn't have a sidebar with playlist anymore.   I didn't use totem for some time, so I am not sure which ubuntu upgrade was responsible for it, now I am using vivid.   Is there any way to get the sidebar back including the playlist?  If not, what were the reasons to remove the playlist sidebar?  Edit  apt-cache policy totem gives  totem:   Installed: 3.14.3-0ubuntu0.1   Candidate: 3.14.3-0ubuntu0.1   Version table:  *** 3.14.3-0ubuntu0.1 0         500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates/main amd64 Packages         100 /var/lib/dpkg/status      3.14.2-0ubuntu1 0         500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ vivid/main amd64 Packages


Is there a general formula for  $$ \sum_{k=1}^{N} k^n $$  for integers $n \geq 1$? Wolfram alpha linked me the harmonic number but it doesn't seem to expand beyond negative values since $\Gamma(-n)=\widetilde{\infty}$

I have been wanting to understand how to find the sum of this series.   $$1^p + 2^p + 3^p +{\dots} + n^p$$  I am familiar with Gauss' diagonalised adding trick for the sum of the first $n$ natural numbers.  I can prove the formulas for  $$\begin{align}   \sum_{1}^{n} k^2 &= \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)}{6}\\  \sum_{1}^{n} k^3 &= \frac{n^2(n+1)^2}{4}\\ \sum_{1}^{n} k^4 &= \frac{n(n+1)(2n+1)(3n^2+3n-1)}{30} \\ \end{align}$$  With mathematical induction. But, beyond that even proofs with mathematical induction are difficult.  I'm interested in learning the theory and the proof behind Faulhaber's formula. What is the knowledge required to understand this proof ?


Please help me out to reduce the vertical space at chapter start.  The link for the .tex, .cls file along with the problem snapshot -  ing

I am using LaTeX to write my dissertation, and I have realised that on the table of contents and on every chapter page, LaTeX leaves a lot of empty space.  What I mean is that lets say in the page where chapter 1 begins, from the top of the page until the chapter title there is much more vertical space than on any other page. The same goes with chapter 2 etc... and for contents page as well.   Can anybody help me to remove that space? Is there any mistake in my code or something like that? Is this a default of LaTeX?  the preamble is  \documentclass[12pt,twoside]{report} \pagestyle{plain} \usepackage{a4paper} \usepackage{setspace} \doublespacing  \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsmath}    I've tried the methods below, but none of them work properly.


I recently got a second monitor and I am used to the Win+D shortcut.  Both the shortcut and the button next to the clock minimize all windows across screens. Is there a way I can minimize all windows on the current* screen?  * I am not familiar with the proper terminology, I will clarify that by current screen I mean the screen that has the current active window.    Edit in hope that this question gets reopened:  I am looking for a solution that works on Windows 10. My question is marked as a duplicate and the original question contains no answer to this (my) question.

I'm looking for a way to use a keyboard shortcut to minimize all the windows on the monitor that currently has my mouse on it. I found this page:  but that appears to be hardcoded to minimize windows on a specific monitor, rather than the active monitor. Plus, I have no idea how to compile that code (not a VB coder). Anybody know a way that I can make this happen? I'm on Windows 7 ultimate, 3 monitors.


I am writing a tutorial on how to do wireframing:  and I would like to be able to recommend an online, free and open source wireframing tool to others. However I am struggling to find one that is open source, free and online.  I have come across this SO question:  and this article   However neither of them detail currently free and open source tools aside from  which is desktop only and was last updated in 2017.

This links heavily into the following question:      However I didn't want to limit the suggestions to "Web Based" tools, I have found and used the following tools for prototyping, wireframing and mockups in the past with some success:     (part of Expression Blend)   I am also aware that some designers choose to use graphics applications such as Photoshop and Illustrator for the task.  This is a Community Wiki question so post away with your thoughts, try and keep it to one package per answer so that we can build up an idea of how the community feels about these tools.


I want something like this:    gh $\blackdot$ On  I am aware of cdot but this needs to be much bolder.

I know what my symbol or character looks like, but I don't know what the command is or which math alphabet it came from. How do I go about finding this out?


The roots of $x^2-2x+3=0$ are $\alpha$ and $\beta$. Find the equation whose roots are: $\alpha+2$, $\beta+2$. Not sure of answer in book.  My working:  $\alpha+\beta=2, \alpha\beta=3$  $(\alpha+2)+(\beta+2)=\alpha+\beta+4=6$  $(\alpha+2)(\beta+2)=\alpha\beta+2(\alpha+\beta)=7$  Therefore, equation whose roots are $\alpha+2, \beta+2$ is $x^2-6x+7=0$  Answer in book is $x^2-6x+11=0$

If $a,b$ are the roots of the equation $2 x^2 -3 x +1 = 0$, find an equation whose roots are $a/(2b +3)$, $b/(2a +3)$   I was practicing quadratic equation questions online but I am stuck on this question.  I found the values of roots $a= 1$, $b= 1/2$


I have two for-loops in python inside while loop as follows: while ..   for ..     for ..       if condition == True:          break   I want to break the first for-loop once the condition in the if statement is met, How can I achieve it, it appears that break is only terminating inner for loop and not outer, I want outer for-loop to be terminated.

Given the following code (that doesn't work):  while True:     #snip: print out current state     while True:         ok = get_input("Is this ok? (y/n)")         if ok.lower() == "y": break 2 #this doesn't work :(         if ok.lower() == "n": break     #do more processing with menus and stuff   Is there a way to make this work? Or do I have do one check to break out of the input loop, then another, more limited, check in the outside loop to break out all together if the user is satisfied?


My daughter is a Permanent Resident of Canada. She is travelling from Moscow to Toronto, and with a return journey from Toronto to Moscow via Amsterdam (KLM flight) and will have a 6 hours layover at Amsterdam on the return journey, and on-board time 1:30hrs time to board for the Toronto flight.    Will she require a transit visa in Amsterdam?

I found many related questions on this site but I am still not sure about the rules. How can I decide if I need a visa to transit? Schengen members as of May 2021 are as follows:  Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark (excluding Greenland and the Faroe Islands - but an open border with the Schengen Area is maintained) Estonia Finland France (excluding overseas departments and collectivities) Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands (excluding Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Caribbean Netherlands) Norway (excluding Svalbard) Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain (except Ceuta and Melilla) Sweden Switzerland


Trying to execute insert an item coming from a list:`                 item=u'Sunil Goyal'              c.execute('''INSERT INTO bpersons(person_name) VALUES (?)''',item)`           is simple enough, but it returns      Incorrect number of bindings supplied. The current statement uses 1, and there are 11 supplied.   Clearly instead of reading item as one element, it is reading characters. There is no problem with the earlier code which returns this list:  >>> if meta[7]:#bcoz list could be empty also     for item in meta[7]:         print item   Sunil Goyal  Rehan Yar Khan  Khan  Kae Capital  Ashish Shankar  Karthik Reddy  Feroze Azeez                 len(meta[7])       7           Any idea where I am going wrong?

Using SQLite3 with Python 2.5, I'm trying to iterate through a list and pull the weight of an item from the database based on the item's name.  I tried using the "?" parameter substitution suggested to prevent SQL injections but it doesn't work. For example, when I use:  for item in self.inventory_names:     self.cursor.execute("SELECT weight FROM Equipment WHERE name = ?", item)     self.cursor.close()   I get the error:     sqlite3.ProgrammingError: Incorrect number of bindings supplied. The current statement uses 1, and there are 8 supplied.   I believe this is somehow caused by the initial creation of the database; the module I made that actually creates the DB does have 8 bindings.  cursor.execute("""CREATE TABLE Equipment      (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,      name TEXT,     price INTEGER,      weight REAL,      info TEXT,      ammo_cap INTEGER,      availability_west TEXT,     availability_east TEXT)""")   However, when I use the less-secure "%s" substitution for each item name, it works just fine. Like so:  for item in self.inventory_names:     self.cursor.execute("SELECT weight FROM Equipment WHERE name = '%s'" % item)     self.cursor.close()   I can't figure out why it thinks I have 8 bindins when I'm only calling one. How can I fix it?


I have multiple layers with rectangle shapes on each, i want to apply same color to every shape at once.   Can anyone share a tip?  Thanks,

I'm looking for a way to use one color in multiple different layers, and then be able to change that color in all the layers in one single place.  Lets say that I have four layers using #ffffff. Now I want to know what my design looks like with #ffff00 instead. How can I do this without manually changing all four layers?  I can add that adjustment layer on hue/saturation is not really what I'm looking for. What I need is something like "change all #ffffff to #ffff00."


To best describe it, when the same word or family of words is used twice in the same sentence to provide an ironic meaning. For instance, "raiding English from the English, stealing poetry from the poets".

I can't recall the name of the rhetorical scheme or literary device involved with using the same word more than once within the same sentence but with different meanings:  "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself."    fear - verb fear - noun   "Turn right right here."   right - adv. directional right - adv. in this place   "My feet are but feet away."   feet - noun lower appendage feet - noun distance


Find the value of  $$\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+....}}}$$       I have done a similar question before in which only a single number is involved, for example    $\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2+2\sqrt{2+....}}}$ which can easily be solved due to repetition of the expression. For this question, when I set the whole thing equal to $f(x)$, I got this   $$[f(x)]^2=xf(x+1)+1$$   After that, I'm not able to solve this functional equation further. Is there any particular method for solving these types of functional equations?   Any help will be appreciated.   Thanks!

I recently came across this problem     Q1 Show that $\lim\limits_{n \rightarrow \infty} \underbrace{{\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{1+\cdots+n\sqrt{1}}}}}}}_{n \textrm{ times  }} = 3$   After trying it I looked at the solution from that book which was very ingenious but it was incomplete because it assumed that the limit already exists.  So my question is     Q2 Prove that the sequence$$\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1}},\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1}}},\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{1}}}},\cdots,\sqrt{1+2\sqrt{1+3\sqrt{1+4\sqrt{1+\cdots+n\sqrt{1}}}}}$$ converges.   Though I only need solution for Q2, if you happen to know any complete solution for Q1 it would be a great help .  If the solution from that book is required I can post it but it is not complete as I mentioned.   Edit: I see that a similar question was asked before on this site but it was not proved that limit should exist.


Is the equation $y=\sqrt{x}$ a function?  A function has one only one $y$ value for a $x$ value.  An equation is an expression.  For the equation $y=\sqrt{x}$, $y=\pm\sqrt{x}$ Therefore, for a given $x$, there are 2 $y$ values.  However when I plot this equation in the calculator it only shows me the top half.  Please explain.   Thanks!

Why $f(x) = \sqrt{x}$ is a function (as I found in my textbook) since for example the square root of $25$ has two different outputs ($-5,5$) and a function is defined as "A function from A to B is a rule of corre- spondence that assigns to each element in set A exactly one element in B.", so $f(x) = \sqrt{x}$ is not a function?


Thinking particularly of new users who get many downvotes for their first question, their calculated reputation should be a negative number, but is displayed as 1.  Is their reputation actually negative but rendered as 1? or is their reputation actually bottom-capped at 1 so for example after a heap of downvotes a single upvote will change their reputation to 2?

If a user is the type of person to consecutively get downvoted to potential negative reputation, so be it. What's the reasoning to maintain a minimum of one?  One reason that may justify this is of trying to not deter new users from the site who haven't read the FAQ and unknowingly and wrongly ask or answer a question. But most of us acknowledge this and not downvote in such a scenario.  So what's the reasoning behind this lower bound of 1?


$$\int^\infty_0\frac{1}{x^3+1}\,dx$$  The answer is $\frac{2\pi}{3\sqrt{3}}$.  How can I evaluate this integral?

Problem  Compute $$\displaystyle \int_0^\infty \frac{dx}{1+x^3}.$$  Solution  I do partial fractions $$\frac{1}{x^3+1}= \frac{2-x}{3 \left( x^{2}-x+1 \right)}+\frac{1}{3 \left( x+1 \right)}.$$  But we could simplify the left one $$\frac{2-x}{3\left( x^{2}-x+1 \right)} = \frac{2}{3}\cdot \frac{1}{x^{2}-x+1}-\frac{x}{x^{2}-x+1}$$            From here, I do this .  But I find the wrong primitive functions. Why am I wrong, and how do I find the correct one?


I Have here a 360 Panorama picture from random Web search:    I want to ask how to do this, do I need some special lens or any equipment to do this?  It's kind a tricky I guess.

How do you make mini-planet photos like this one?   By Guido Radig (Own work) [CC BY 3.0 (, via Wikimedia Commons  Here are some examples of what I mean on Flickr:  - though I would be open to a better source of examples.


I am having one file with the below two lines in the file. I need to check if the value of xpoweredBy is true or false. Many thanks in advance.        <Connector clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" xpoweredBy="false" allowTrace="false" /> <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" xpoweredBy="false" allowTrace="false" />

I have an XML file on my server. In that file, I have many tags in which there is a tag for example, "container" tag. I need to fetch the content of all the container tags content separately. Many thanks in advance.


Which is the best way to extract part of a vector? If I have  std::vector<int> v1(9);  for(int i = 0; i < 9; i++)     v1[i] = i + 1;   I need a code that put in  std::vector<int> v2(2);   the second and third element of v1. I have to do a cycle or there is a smartest way?

Suppose I have a std::vector (let's call it myVec) of size N.  What's the simplest way to construct a new vector consisting of a copy of elements X through Y, where 0 <= X <= Y <= N-1?  For example, myVec [100000] through myVec [100999] in a vector of size 150000.  If this cannot be done efficiently with a vector, is there another STL datatype that I should use instead?


Cant find .bash_history file in my home directory. Where is it?   echo $HISTFILE   says   /home/iam/.bash_history   But there is no such file.

I am having a hard time grasping what dot-files are or what they are for. Are they directories? How do I navigate to them?  Thank you!


This is likely a tedious question for you guys but, as a camera noob, I'm miffed, so please bear with me.  I have a:   Sony A6000 (APS-C 1.5x crop sensor). With kit lens: SELP1650 lens (16-50mm)   So, with my A6000, am I getting effective focal lengths of:   16-50mm, as advertised on the lens? Or 24-75mm, taking in to account the crop ratio of 1.5x, from APS-C to full frame 35mm?   As a follow on question: are lenses always labelled with their physical focal lengths, or are kit lenses for smaller-than-full-frame sensors sometimes labelled with 'effective' focal lengths?

I have a Canon 7D, which has a crop factor of 1.6x.  When using a Canon EF-S lens I get the focal length stated on the lens, when using a Canon EF lens I get the focal length times 1.6 when used on the APS-C body. At least that's what I thought.  I just compared two lenses:   Canon EF-S 15-85mm f3.5-5.6 Canon EF 70-200mm f4   .  The top photo is shot with the 15-85, the bottom photo with the 70-200 - both lenses are set to 70mm. Now why do they look the same?  I thought I would get 112-320mm (70mm*1.6 crop factor). What did I misunderstand about the crop factor calculation? Lightroom also displays the photos as having "70mm" and not 112mm.


The Number Of Integer Solutions Of Equations $$x_1 + x_2 + ... + x_r = n$$  An approach is to find the number of distinct non-negative integer-valued vectors $(x_1,x_2,...,x_r)$ such that $$x_1 + x_2 + ... + x_r = n$$  There are $n+r-1\choose r-1$ distinct non-negative integer-valued vectors $(x_1, x_2,...,x_r)$ satisfying the equation $$ x_1 + x_2 + ... + x_r = n $$  So there are $n+r-1\choose r-1$ solutions.   My question is how to count number of solutions for above equation considering all vectors whose permutation is same.  Now consider for $n = 2$ and $r = 2$ solutions are {(0,2), (2,0), (1,1)}  as we can see (0,1) is a permutation of (1,0),  so count them only once.   Therefore total number of solutions for $n = 2$ and $r = 2$ is 2 instead of 3.

How many ways can I write a positive integer $n$ as a sum of $k$ nonnegative integers up to commutativity?  For example, I can write $4$ as $0+0+4$, $0+1+3$, $0+2+2$, and $1+1+2$.    I know how to find the number of noncommutative ways to form the sum: Imagine a line of $n+k-1$ positions, where each position can contain either a cat or a divider. If you have $n$ (nameless) cats and $k-1$ dividers, you can split the cats in to $k$ groups by choosing positions for the dividers: $\binom{n+k-1}{k-1}$. The size of each group of cats corresponds to one of the nonnegative integers in the sum.


void Send(int * to, const int* from, const int count) {     int n = (count+7) / 8;     switch(count%8)     {        case 0: do { *to++ = *from++;        case 7:      *to++ = *from++;        case 6:      *to++ = *from++;        case 5:      *to++ = *from++;        case 4:      *to++ = *from++;        case 3:      *to++ = *from++;        case 2:      *to++ = *from++;        case 1:      *to++ = *from++;         } while (--n>0);     } }

I've read the , and I don't get it. I am really interested, but I've read the explanation there a couple of times and I still don't get it how the Duff's device works.  What would a more detailed explanation be?


Excel opens all workbooks in the same instance and as a result you cannot place them on different monitors (or side by side). You can extend one window across both screens and then split windows from within excel, but that is a horrible solution. This also merges the undo functionality, and you can no longer undo per document, but you have to undo all actions from all open documents sequentially.   Honestly I don't know what they were thinking and made this the default behavior.

When I have Excel running and I double click an Excel file in Windows explorer, I'd like it to launch in a new window by default so that I can move documents to separate monitors. Is there any way to get this behavior?