tl;dr I propose a system of voting for or against feature requests separate from traditional up/down voting in order to avoid alienating people with well thought out yet unpopular suggestions The problem Often I have seen users who are new to meta make a well written, carefully considered proposal that is none the less deeply unpopular; a stream of downvotes follows. This usually ends in the author leaving with a bad taste in their mouth, the most recent example of which is , in which the author said "This certainly doesn't make me want to use this site in the future or even try to help with the process", never to be seen again. Alienating good users like this doesn't seem like a good way forward. Worse yet many people (such as myself) never vote against well written proposals because they don't feel it deserves traditional downvotes. On the other side; the question ban is basically turned off on meta for this reason, but this allows users who lightly troll (I shall not name names I'm sure you have a few users in mind) or fail to do basic research can avoid a question ban because the algorithm can't differentiate between them and people with unpopular ideas. Proposal I therefore propose that a separate vote be kept for and against a feature request as so;  I realise that this would be developer effort for a feature purely on 1/4 of questions on only the meta sites. But this happens most days and I think its worth considering. Key benefits  Avoids disincentivising users who make well written but unpopular feature requests Allows legitimately bad users to be identified Encourages more people to vote on feature requests; I know many people (myself included) never downvote just because we don't like the idea - giving skewed results Allows more nuanced voting; I disagree but you've clearly thought this through --> upvote + vote against  Closely related  This post similarly proposed agree/disagree buttons but still includes a rep penalty

I just got rid of a question ban, after doing some stupid stuff when I just got on meta. I asked a question which got closed because it was a dupe of a whole lot of other questions. After that, I posted a suggestion, which had 1 upvote, and four downvotes. That was all my activity on meta.  After posting some constructive answers here again, I regained the right to ask questions. Although I know that I'm risking to get downvoted into oblivion again, I'd like to suggest an 'agree/disagree' button. This time, I have searched meta, and was not able to find any suggestion like this.  When I had been banned, I was looking at a lot of questions discussing penalties and meanings of downvotes on meta; Some say that a downvote has an ambiguous meaning, they can mean either that your question is low quality, or that people disagree with it. Some say that it is just unclear what it means. To clean this meaning up, I'm suggesting these buttons. They could be a thumbs up and a thumbs down buton or something, to distinguish between  agreement and question quality.  Disagreement would only remove 1 rep from the asker, and would be free for the downvoter, while downvotes remove 2 rep, or as suggested in other feature requests, 5 or 10.  The only problem I can see, is that this goes against the 'don't make me think' rule in UI design. Users now need to learn even more, because they need to know the difference between those icons.  Another way this could be implemented, is by changing the influence of votes based on the ,  and  tags.


I just read this book a few years back, but it's a fairly old one (maybe late 80's?). It starts with an attack from some very large unknown type of ship. The main thing I remember about the plot is that intergalactic navigation (especially through the voids between) was done by reading "chaos" waves or particles. I believe Chaos was actually in the title, but I'm not having any luck in my google searches. Anyone able to identify the book from my vague memory of it? Edit: Some ISFDB lists provided by user14111 in the comments have made me doubt whether "chaos" was actually in the title, so that may not be the case.

I read a story--the first part of one, at any rate--years ago, and haven't tracked it down since. It started with a man been sent to a planet under attack to pose as a monk--he arrived in the middle of an assault, but still had to do penance for being late. So he wore a hair shirt, that created an agonising reaction. He was captured by the attackers (who took him for the man he was posing as), who then stood off the planet in their starships and watched as a 'hell burner' weapon tumbled out of deep space and torched the planet. The attackers then explained that they weren't responsible for the hell burner, but every time they arrived at a planet, a hell burner turned up afterwards, at shorter and shorter intervals.  As the story developed, there was some kind of time travelling dimension, and a character turned out to have his organs reversed. I may have got some details wrong, but this was the shape of it.  Anyone know this story, and the author?


In due time, would both of them collide if they were affected solely by the gravitational force of each other?

Why doesn't the Moon fall onto the Earth? For that matter, why doesn't anything rotating a larger body ever fall onto the larger body?


I was in Solitude doing a bunch of quests, when I completed one and got the wabbajack. I looked it up online and saw what it could do, but I don't know if I can recharge it. How can I recharge the wabbajack?

I enchanted my Elvish bow to do frost damage.  However it only had 14 charges and has since run out.  Is there a way for me to recharge it? or is that bow kinda done for me now?


Here is the pertinent part of the sentence:  "Seller and Purchaser each warrants and represents that it has not engaged the services of any agent, finder or broker in connection with the transaction which is the subject of this Agreement...."  While it is true that "each" is always singular, the question is whether the word "each" can render the plural "Seller and Purchaser" singular by its inclusion in the sentence.  I believe the answer is no, based on the fact that if you replace "Seller and Purchaser" with the pronoun "they," the sentence makes no sense:  "They each warrants and represents...."  But you can't simply remove the word "each" because then the sentence would imply that Seller and Purchaser warrant and represent on each other's behalf, which is clearly not the intent of the sentence either. So the answer, in my mind, is to break up the sentence into 2 separate sentences:  "Purchaser warrants and represents....Seller warrants and represents...."  Any other thoughts or suggestions?

A source says that the word "each" should always be followed by a singular noun, but however I look at it in this sentence it just doesn't seem to fit:     foo [comprises] multiple binary programs that each performs a single task.   Should it be "performs" or "perform"?


When I use the article class in latex and I have a definition, followed by a huge align environment, latex produces the following output    I am using the thesis template  with a paragraph ( as explained in ).  Here, the definition becomes spread over the whole page like this    How can I prevent that from happening and get the result like in a article latex document?  Here is the code for the first example in the article class:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{amsthm} \usepackage{float}    \theoremstyle{plain} \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma} \newtheorem{prop}[theorem]{Proposition} \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}  \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}  \usepackage{dsfont}  \usepackage{mdframed} \usepackage{framed} \usepackage{lipsum}  \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath}   \newcommand{\normstandard}[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert}  \begin{document} Some Text     \begin{definition}     Any linear operator $P \colon L^1(\mu) \to L^1(\mu)$ satisfying     \begin{itemize}     \item[$(i)$] $Pf \geq 0 \quad \text{and}$     \item[$(ii)$] $\int_E (Pf)(x) \,\mu(dx) = \int_E f(x) \, \mu(dx)$     \end{itemize}     \end{definition}       a little text     \begin{align*}     \nu_A \left(\bigcup_{k\in \mathbb{N}} A_k \right) &=  \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \mathds{1}_{D_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &= \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(*)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \lim_{n \to \infty} \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx), \\         &= \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(*)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \lim_{n \to \infty} \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx), \\         &= \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(*)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \lim_{n \to \infty} \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx), \\         &{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \nu_A( A_k )     \end{align*}             where we have used in $(*)$ the continuity of $P$, in particular     \begin{align*}         \int_A \left| \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x)- \sum_{k=1}^m \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \right| \, \mu(dx)         \leq \normstandard{P} \normstandard{\sum_{k=m+1}^\infty \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} } \to 0     \end{align*}     some information \end{document}

I'm writing my bachelor-thesis and have a couple of small sub-sub-sections explaining conversions, like in the following  \subsubsection*{Assignment}  This document only explains non-compound assignments. The other kind, i.e \texttt{a += b}, is supported by the language too, but is not yet implemented.   \begin{itemize} \item If the first is an \texttt{auto} variable, no conversion takes place when assigning       the right hand side to the variable designated by the left hand side.  \item Otherwise, an assignment conversion takes place converting the given value to the type       of the designated variable.  \item Assignment requires an lvalue as the left hand side, and yields an lvalue result.  \end{itemize}  \subsubsection*{Multiplication} % ...   But latex renders it quite ugly with much space in between the items. I think it does so to fit the whole page. How can I tell it not to do so? Is what I'm doing right at all?


In retrospect, I realize that my question () is more suited for SE:Programmers. Can I ask a moderator to migrate it there? (If so, how?)  Update: sorry for the duplicated question. Here's the answer I was looking for:

I posted a question which was closed as off-topic and it seems like it could fit on another site in the network. How can I go about moving it there?   What is migration? When can a question be migrated, and who can migrate it? When should I consider migration, and when is it inappropriate? What causes a migration to be blocked and what happens after? What causes a migration to be rejected and what happens after? Anything else I should know about migration?


I've been struggling with this since I've installed Ubuntu: How do I copy a directory location?   For example:   /home/user/downloads/game/game.sh    Do I have to type every single letter on terminal? The problem is that there are some paths which are too long to see the entire directory. So this isn't possible...   Anyway, again, I'm sorry, but someone, please help me out with this.

Is there any way of executing a mv command without typing the full path in the second argument?  Example:  mv my/file/that/has/a/really/long/path/foo.bar some_magic_operator_that_means_the_same_directory/foo.baz


Can't Install the Web Apps in Ubuntu 16.04 I tried to do this to resolve the problem but got error message saying,  E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it?

I get this error when trying to use apt-get:  E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11 Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/) is another process using it?     How can I fix this?


I know similar questions have been asked however why am I asking is because I wanted to know say i install Ubuntu on my D Drive instead of my C Drive (which has my windows on it). My D Drive is a 1 TB drive and I have files installed on it. If i put Ubuntu on it will i still be able to use the space that has not been partitioned off and can i still use it to say download things on my windows os? I ask this because i recently installed and deleted Ubuntu because after installation I noticed that I couldn't access my D Drive from Windows anymore and naturally all my files on it were gone. Basically I am asking if there is any way around this or was it just because i installed Ubuntu wrong.....?

Thus is a picture of both of my hard-drives:    My C Drive and my D drive. I want to put Ubuntu onto my D Drive. Now my question here is if i do install onto my D Drive then how should I do it in order to retain use of the drive. I intend to partition about 60 gigs from it. Now after doing that I should still have about 830 gigs left. I want to still be able to use that in Windows. So how and will I be able to retain use of the drive after Installing? I have installed once before and I believe i did it wrong because not only could Windows not recognize my D drive but I also lost all the data on it.   My computer is a Lenovo Y700 It is a UEFI (I believe i got that right).


Trade allows each person to specialize in the activities she does      best.   Why exactly she (and not he)? Don't we use they in such cases (unspecified sex)?

I know that one can use "they" / "them" / "their" in place of "he" / "him" / "his" or "she" / "her" / "hers" when the subject's / direct object's gender is not known; for instance, just looking at the default user's about me section on Stack Exchange sites:     Apparently, this user prefers to keep an air of mystery about them   My question is what happens when someone wants to reference the subject using a pronoun instead.  Should the verb be conjugated accordingly to the pronoun? E.g.:     Apparently, they prefer to keep an air of mystery about them   Or should the conjugation be retained? E.g.:     Apparently, they prefers to keep an air of mystery about them   The former looks unclear because it wouldn't allow the reader / listener to understand if the writer / speaker is talking about a single person or about a group of people, however the latter sounds very weird, at least just to the non-native speaker which I am.


how can I calculate the sum of the n first elements :    $$ 1\cdot 2 +2\cdot2^2 +3\cdot2^3+4\cdot2^4+\cdots+k\cdot2^k+\cdots$$    I don't have idea although I tried some tricks.  I will be happy for help from you

I want to know the general formula for $\sum_{n=0}^{m}nr^n$ for some constant r and how it is derived.  For example, when r = 2, the formula is given by: $\sum_{n=0}^{m}n2^n = 2(m2^m - 2^m +1)$ according to   Thanks!


I found a bug in chemfig:  If you use the second optional argument in \chemfig[][scale=0.5] the circle in the ring is not resized:  \documentclass[captions=tableabove,ngerman]{scrreprt} \usepackage{chemfig} \begin{document} \chemfig[][scale=0.75]{**6(------)} \chemfig[][scale=0.75]{**5(-----)}  \chemfig[][scale=1.25]{**6(------)}  \chemfig[][scale=1.25]{**5(-----)}  \chemfig[][scale=1]{**6(------)}  \chemfig[][scale=1]{**5(-----)}  \end{document}

When I want to reduce the size of a molecule drawn with  I usually put a [scale=0.xx] before the argument of the command. However when I deal with aromatic rings this method doesn't work well, in fact only the carbon skeleton is resized: the 'aromaticity' is not and it's also out of center.  For example:  \chemfig[][scale=0.75]{**6(-------)}\quad   gives me:     How do I achieve a complete resize?


I am using 20Ltr ONIDA Black Diamond conventional microwave oven. I couldn't bake cakes in this oven at 180 degree temperature. Please send me feedback -how to use this oven for baking cakes?

I don't know much about the difference between cooking range and oven. But I just want to know what difference must be made to bake a cake using a cooking range.  I used to bake cakes in a microwave oven in micro+convection mode at 200 degree celsius. For that I preheat the oven at 200 degree for 15 minutes and then place the cake batter in the oven for another 15 minutes. And that cake used to come out really good.  But now I am using an electric cooking range that uses a gas cylinder. It has a knob to adjust the temperature and an option to grill. And inside it has holders at three different heights to place the tray. I don't know the exact word to describe my cooking system. Anyway all I want to know is what should be done to make the exact cake recipe which I tried in micro+convection mode at 200 degree?For what duration should I bake and at which height should I place the tray?


When turning a string containing square brackets such as sys.argv[1] into a link by selecting it and pressing CTRL+L I get the following result:  [`sys.argv\[1\]`][1]   This is rendered as  which is obviously incorrect. Instead, the markdown should look like this:  [`sys.argv[1]`][1]   which in turn results in a proper link with the proper text:

The link button in the post editor incorrectly escapes square brackets in inline code.  To reproduce:   Write the following MarkDown in the editor  text text `function[]` text text  Select `function[]`, press the link button (), and enter some link the result will be [`function\[\]`][1] which renders as function\[\]   This comes up very often in   when I'm linking to the documentation because the usual way to indicate that a symbol is a function in Mathematica is adding [] after it.  This is a minor thing, as it's easy to manually remove the backslashes, but it's somewhat annoying so I thought I'd mention it.    Edit by Mr.Wizard It is September 2013 and this still hasn't been fixed.  While "adding [] after it" is not presently the custom on Mathematica.SE this is still a bug and still needs to be fixed.


Consider the sequence $s_n=\sqrt{n}$. Although $(s_{n+1}-s_n)\rightarrow 0$ as $n\rightarrow \infty$, the sequence is not convergent (since it is unbounded). (This is a very common example in study of  Cauchy sequences where, by this example, it is remarked that making consecutive difference smaller is not sufficient for Cauchy condition.) Suppose we put such a condition on a sequence; i.e. suppose $(x_n)$ is a sequence such that $(x_{n+1}-x_n)\rightarrow 0$ as $n\rightarrow\infty$ and $(x_n)$ is bounded. Can we say that $(x_n)$ must be convergent? If not, what condition, instead of boundedness, will guarantee the convergence of the sequence $(x_n)$?

What is an example of a sequence in $\mathbb R$ with this property that is not Cauchy?  I know that Cauchy condition means that for each $\varepsilon>0$ there exists $N$ such that $d(x_p,x_q)<\varepsilon$ whenever $p,q>N$.


Recently, I sat  down with couple of my friends that are also a recent graduates. We talked about credit cards and it caught my attention. They told me that we should get our first credit card as early as possible. This is the reason that they offered:     Use the credit card on groceries, fuel and other small bills, and pay it off at the end of the month. This will  raise one's credit score so that if we want to take a loan from bank for a  house or car, the bank will  loan the money.    Is this true ?

I spend about $20-30 a week on my debit card, with periodic $200-300 purchases every few months. I've thought about getting a credit card the moment I turn 18 and using it to buy everything, then immediately paying it off. Assuming I only use it to buy things I can afford (which I trust myself to do), essentially treating it as a debit card, is this a good idea? Or should I wait until I'm a bit older?   Assume that I will only spend money I have in my bank account at the time I spend it and that I will keep track of how much I spent and never spend more than I have.  Joe Taxpayer recommended I post an update: I ended up getting a card, and from my perspective the only thing that's changed is that it takes things ~24 hours to show up on my statement and I don't have to enter a PIN when I checkout. Should I add this to the question? I know on other SE sites people generally don't like updates in the questions


The issue is in the headline 'Liverpool confirm Luis Suárez’s £75m move to Barcelona pending medical'.  Nevertheless It says "A Liverpool statement said: “Liverpool FC confirms that Luis Suárez will ..." in the third paragraph  I don't catch the difference. Can someone explain it to me?   Lot of thanks.

I'd say Microsoft have a way of bending the rules and I know that McLaren have won the championship. While this sounds strange, I believe it is correct English (sorry, I'm not native).   But when it's a small company, would you still use it this way? Is a company always plural, or are small companies singular? I.e., would you say Bakery Johnson makes fine bread or Bakery Johnson make fine bread? Is it My book seller, Woody's, have moved or is it has moved?


My Xperia Z recently suffered from a broken screen and is now not functional at all. YOu can see the screen, but the touch facility has completely gone. I can't even turn the thing off.  I have a really cheap alternate phone that I would like to use temporarily but I could do with getting the contacts from the Xperia, on to my SIM card, then in to this cheap phone.  This alternate phone I have has no functionality which will allow it to connect to a PC, so I need to get the contacts on to the SIM via other methods.  A couple of methods I have been thinking about, but don't know if they are possible or not are:   Connect the Xperia to my PC and some how manually move the contacts from the phone to the SIM (I am not even going to be able to enable USB Debugging so I doubt there will be a lot I can do with the phone connected to the PC except explore the files). Move the contacts from the phone on to the PC, then some how store the contacts on to my friend's phone (Samsung S3 Mini), and copy them to the original SIM from there? (I have no idea of how contacts are formatted so unsure whether or not they could just be moved from Sony to a Samsung so simply).   They are the 2 main thought processes I have - any feed back on whether these are possible would be greatly appreciated as there are some very important numbers on this Xperia that I need for work!  Thanks in advance (Apologies if this is in the wrong section, or doesn't necessarily class as an Android issue!)  UPDATE: Seems I can't use adb Shell due to USB debugging being disabled and Screencast is a no go due to the phone not being rooted.  I can see files within the Internal Storage such as .anchor, Alarms, Albums), is there a particular file within these subfolders which may contain the contacts which coul potentially be read? Even if I had to manually enter the numbers in to another phone, that wouldn't be so bad!

I just broke the screen of my (unrooted) Galaxy S.  How do I get back my SMS and contacts?   PS: I tried Kies but it won't detect my phone for some reason. (Kies works fine with another Galaxy I possess but not this one)


I hope this question fits here. I would have asked on Stackoverflow, but there is a similar question there that was closed with the suggestion to ask at Server Fault, and Server Fault closed my question with the suggestion to ask here (which is extremly frustrating):    I need to automatically compress images (uploaded by users) so  doesn't complain about the image size anymore. Using the Google Page Speed Mod for Apache/Nginx is not an option.  I looked at the official image compression FAQ here: .  They suggest jpegtran and jpegoptim for jpeg images. I tried both with various different settings, but they didn't compress the images any further, and sometimes the images actually got bigger.  Then I tried Guetzli, a new jpeg encoder from Google itself: .  This did compress the images much better than before, but Page Speed Insights still complains that the images are to big.  So how can I compress (hundreds of) Jpegs automatically (on a linux machine) so Google Page Speed Insights doesn't complain anymore?    Edit: To clarify: Google Insights allows you to download optimized images, and they really are much smaller than anything I am able to produce. How can I compress the images (slight quality loss is okay) so they are as small as the images I can download from Google Insights? Since there are hundreds of images on the site using Google Insight to compress them all isn't really practical.  Are there any command line tools for linux that will compress as well as Google Insight?  (There is a protected question on stackoverflow from 2011 but none of the answers work anymore: )

We have several pages with good Pageseed-values - even those with 100/100. Since a few days however, Pagespeed claims across all sites (technically different, different servers) that our images could be more optimized.  Does anyone know what exactly has been changed by the algorithm?  On the one with PS 100/100 (before), we use jpegoptim, so we really don't know how to optimize further. Images are uploaded by our application and then optimized.  Any insight would be appreciated. Is there a changelog for PS anywhere?


When I call up spotlight by pressing command-space, and then start typing something Spotlight often seems to miss the first letter I type. It doesn't happen every time, only about 1 in 5 times I use it.  i.e. I press Cmd-Space and start to type "Finder" and instead I see "inder" in the text box.   It seems like I am not the only one with this problem   Has anyone figured out a solution for this problem?

What's wrong: I hit CMD+SPACE to open up spotlight, typically type in the name of the application I want to start, hit enter and either the wrong app or no app at all will start, because the app name is missing the first character. "Learn to type" I hear you say but wait: as I enter the first character in the search bar, the cursor jumps to the beginning of the line and my second character input overrides the first one. So entering for example "ever", in order to start Evernote, will result in "ver". "php" to start PHPStorm will result in "hp" and start my damn HP printer app and so on.   This cursor jump to the beginning of the line will not happen in any other application and even if I accept the fact that my cursor jumps from time to time, I don't get why the second character overrides the first one. I'm not even sure if you can configure your Mac to always override the character at current position, but I surely haven't.  So this keeps on happening quite regularly and I cannot reproduce it. It just happens and when I try it again (close Spotlight, CMD+SHIFT again), it won't happen again, even if I give it like 5 tries or so.  It won't kill me but I am a software developer myself and this kind of bugs just leave me frustrated plus I can not imagine that this is the desired behavior. I have seen some talk about this issue on the internet but I did not come across a solution..  I have 3 MacBooks, different ages, all with German keyboard layouts and German set as system language and they all do this. Just mentioning this, because after that fact, I can barely imagine this isn't affecting at least a lot, if not all, MacBook (Pro?) users.   13" Pro 2010 or so 15" Pro Retina 2013 13" Pro Retina 2015   They all run El Capitan but I already encountered this before. I don't know the OS X version I had installed when I first stumbled across it.


Evaluate  $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left[\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)\left(1+\frac{2}{n}\right)\left(1+\frac{3}{n}\right)...........\left(1+\frac{n}{n}\right)\right]^\frac{1}{n}$$ I have tried to solve this problem by taking logarithm but it works for finding the limit of functions but not in the case of sequences the answer to the problem is 4/e

How do I evaluate the limit of the following sequence $$a_n  = \left(\left( 1 + \frac1n \right) \left( 1 + \frac2n \right)\cdots\left( 1 + \frac nn \right) \right)^{1/n}$$   I tried to take log and then using cauchy $1^{st}$ theorem of limits but I coudn't do it.  Could someone kindly help?


I want to give a name of function with argparse but I get the error: ... i = func(in) TypeError: 'str' object is not callable The part of my code: import argparse  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument('it', help="iterations", type = int) parser.add_argument('fun', help="function name") args = parser.parse_args()  for i in range(0, args.it):          run_experiment(args.fun)  When I manually write the name of function in code everything works fine. Where is the problem?

What is the best way to go about calling a function given a string with the function's name in a Python program.  For example, let's say that I have a module foo, and I have a string whose content is "bar". What is the best way to call foo.bar()?  I need to get the return value of the function, which is why I don't just use eval. I figured out how to do it by using eval to define a temp function that returns the result of that function call, but I'm hoping that there is a more elegant way to do this.


What to do now i am not clear what he want to know about me My consultant ask me to submit this case again nd we will show how our money link to my business

Many of the UK visa refusals we see here share a common pattern and the prevailing reasons refer to V 4.2 (a) and (c).    I do understand that, while the applicants may describe very different individual circumstances, there's a consistent pattern and, broadly, fall into specific categories:    Credibility (lifestyle, lack of ties, visit history, lies & omissions) Funding (insufficient funds, provenance of funds, funds parking) Sponsorship (family, friends, employer)   Question: What most commonly triggers a UK visa refusal where V 4.2 (a) and (c) are given as the grounds?  Secondarily: Given that there is a clear pattern, to what extent are these refusals predictable? Does sponsorship make a difference? Is there a set of personal circumstances, however abstract, where a refusal is all but guaranteed? For example, why do those we see here on TSE who sought entry for the PLAB or British Army appear to be refused with a common theme? Is there a uniform shortcoming or is it just discrimination?   PLAB: What is about applications for a visa, for the purpose of sitting the Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board (PLAB) exam, that seem to invite refusals. After all, the test is given so that international medical graduates can show that they qualify to practise medicine in the UK. The first part, PLAB 1, can be taken in centres outside of the UK. However, PLAB 2 can be taken only in the UK. Why can't you can't get a visa just to sit the exam, promising that you'll leave immediately after?    British Army: Since Commonwealth citizens are eligible to apply online to join, even those who don't reside in the UK, why is it so difficult to get a visa just to attend an interview to see whether you are suitable? Even with an invitation from the Army, such visa applications seem to be unsuccessful. Isn't a career in the British Army a valid reason?     Lastly:  After such a refusal, what approaches would increase the chance of a successful application?


I got a shapefiles for provinces in a African country. In each province there is the population data. I've got 3 TIFF (raster),    one for the agriculture,  one for the cities and  the last one for other (forest,lake, grassland etc...).    Knowing the population of each province, I've got to spread it according to the density. The density of cities are 100x the density of other and 5x the density of agriculture and the density of agriculture is 20x the density of other.   At the end I would like a population size for each pixel. How can I do it using the raster calculator or another tool in QGIS?

I plan on rasterizing (terminology?) census block data relating to density to a regular 30 m by 30 m grid for use with NLCD data.  I then hope to distribute the density of the original census block among each result set of grid cells within the original polygon according to the land cover type dictated by the NLCD dataset.  For example, let's imagine a string of city blocks with a park, all found within one census block.  If within this census block the average density is 1000 people/km^2, we ultimately would want the resulting grid cell containing the park to have a lower population density than the grid cells containing the surrounding apartments.  This information may be captured by the NLCD dataset, with the park being classified as '21' (open but developed land) versus 24 for apartment buildings which could be classified as '24' (high density development).  Is there a method, or set of methods, within ArcMap that would allow me to:   Redistribute the density based on the NLCD value Perform this redistribution only within the original census block polygon   I don't know if this is possible, but I figured I would ask.  Edit  Here's what I have been trying:  I converted the census block data to a raster, snapping it to the NLCD land cover data and ensuring the output grid cells were the same size.  Each cell contains the same info as the original census block (housing umbers, population, etc). I have been trying to figure out a way to edit the new grid so that if the NLCD grid cell contains a land cover type that doesn't support a business or housing (park, forest, farm, etc.) that it's housing and population values area set to 0.  My next move was going to be figuring out how to subtract the non-residential/non-business grid cells area from the area of the original census block, and force a recalculation of the density.  Converted the altered census block layer to grid cells again, with each having the new density value, and once again set the cells' housing, population, and density values that don't support a business or housing (park, forest, farm, etc.) to 0.  Kind of circular, and I'm not sure of all the steps (raster calculator for editing individual grid cells based on another raster's grid cell value?), but it seems to logically work out if I can get the parts to work.  On the other hand, @dof1985's answer seems to simplify the first part of my workflow (by directing me to the correct toolset), but I will still have to nullify the grid cells where parks, etc., do exits after the density has been recalculated for the census data.


I bought a Toshiba KIRAbook. It has Windows 8. I tried to install Ubuntu from USB driver 16.04 but it gave an awkward error in the "Preparing to install Ubuntu" step. The error consisted of question marks separated by a space:     ??? ???    I tried the 32-bit and 64-bit versions. I tried the 16.04 and 17.04 version. And I tried to install from "Try Ubuntu" option.   It is not about the USB drive because I has installed on another desktop before a couple weeks ago, and it worked.  Does anyone have any idea?  The error looks like this:

I am trying to install Ubuntu 14.04 on FakeRAID along Win7.  Win 7 has been already installed, and dmraid is running.  During the installation I choose to manually partition, this is the structure:  \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0 \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0Op1 - NTFS Win7 loader \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0Op2 - NTFS Win7 partition \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0Op3 - swap \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0Op5 - ext4 mounted as \ \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0Op6 - ext4 mounted as \home   There is another sequence similar to above marked as "linear".  I choose \dev\mapper\isw_gchdghhd_Volume0 as boot device.  When immediately after the installation begins, an error with question marks pops up, and the installation stops.


Installing mysql using below command will prompt to enter password  $apt-get install mysql-server   Is their is any way to install mysql such that it should't prompt the user to enter password.  One working alternative way I found was:  $sudo -E apt-get install mysql-server   I am curious to know any other existing ways.

I'm trying to install MySQL on Ubuntu Natty without the password prompt. However, I keep getting prompted for a password at some stage after the main installation.  Also, when I do enter what I believe should be my password (mymysqlpass), it gives me an access denied notice. Then when the script terminates, I can login to mysql without a password i.e. mysql -uroot, which should not happen.  #!/bin/bash #This script installs mysql (latest build) #Install MYSQL Server mysql_pass=mymysqlpass export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive  debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-server-5.1 mysql-server/root_password password '$mysql_pass'' debconf-set-selections <<< 'mysql-server-5.1 mysql-server/root_password_again password '$mysql_pass'' apt-get -y install mysql-server #Configure Password and Settings for Remote Access cp /etc/mysql/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.bak.cnf ip=`ifconfig eth0 | grep "inet addr"| cut -d ":" -f2 | cut -d " " -f1` ; sed -i "s/\(bind-address[\t ]*\)=.*/\1= $ip/" /etc/mysql/my.cnf mysql -uroot -e "UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('"$mysql_pass"') WHERE User='root'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;" sleep 10 mysql -uroot -p$mysql_pass -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '"$mysql_pass"'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;" #Restart service mysql restart echo "MySQL Installation and Configuration is Complete."


I installed windows 7 32bit on a dell inspiron laptop but when i installed kaspersky 2014 the laptop became very slow when opening microsoft 2007 word, excell,and powerpoint programs and even when i try to open documents. please help me.

Yesterday I installed a new Antivirus as my old licence was not valid anymore. I chose the free . Now the pc is extrem slow. It takes about 8 min to start (before with  it took 2 min). Is there something I can do?


I need to run a script from my local machine on a remote server via SSH. One of the operations involves chown and for that I need to have a programatic access to the server's user name (I am looping through a couple of servers)  But when using whoami for the chown argument I get the username of my user on the local machine that is SSHing in.   If I check with simple whoami it gives the remote user but I cannot capture it into a variable.   How to get the remote user name?   ssh $server << EOF   pwd   whoami   rsync /some/stuff ./dump   chown `whoami`:`whoami` ./dump EOF

I'm working with a bash script trying to stop it from attempting to replace variables inside my heredoc. How do set a heredoc to either A) escape the variable names instead of parsing them or B) return the entire string untouched?  cat > /etc/nginx/sites-available/default_php <<END server {     listen 80 default;     server_name _;     root /var/www/$host; <--- $host is a problem child } END   As is, when I it finishes injecting it into a file I'm left with this:  server {     listen 80 default;     server_name _;     root /var/www/; }


Why is population variance estimated to be $\frac{1}{N-1}\Sigma_{1 \leq i\leq N}(x_i-m)^2$ as opposed to sample variance which is $\frac{1}{N}\Sigma_{1 \leq i\leq N}(x_i-m)^2$, where m is the mean? I know that this is the unbiased estimate of population mean. But i am not able to grasp the intuition behind it. What does the term degree of freedom mean in this context?

Sorry if this answer is simple but I was wondering why is there a difference between a population variance and a sample variance?  I understand The variance is calculated as:  $$\text{Var} = \frac{1}{N}(x_i-\mu)^2$$  and the sample variance is computed as  $$\text{Var}_s = \frac{1}{N-1}(x_i-\mu)^2$$  In real world data sets would you use the sample variance most of the time? What if the population is also a sample? How would you know? Also does the mean change when you are looking at a population or a sample?


As the title indicates, these three forms of words/phrases can be quite confusing to me sometimes. When should they be written as one word ("boilinghot"), when should they be written in two words ("boiling hot"), and when should they be written as a hyphenated compound ("boiling-hot")?  Does it make any difference which is used?  There are other terms like this, such as blackboard/black board/black-board; swingman/swing man/swing-man etc.

Some compound words are written without hyphens (nonaggression, nonbeliever), some with hyphens (well-intentioned), and others with spaces (post office).  Is there a rule or good guide as to which option should be used?


cd.. and cd ...  Basically, they are doing the same. But, who and why thought of changing it with space or without space? Why is there space and why there isn't space between cd and two dots?  C:\Windows\System32>cd..   and  [bla/www/something/something]#cd ..   They are both the same. Why one has space, and another hasn't?  EDIT:  It's not duplicate of this question:.

When typing cd.. without a space between cd and .. the Windows command prompt will happily switch to the parent folder. Is there an explanation for this behaviour? The command does not follow the standard format of command<space>arguments    Also, why does this not create consistent results?


I am a Amd user of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS. I want to upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. After referring some sites, I found that Ubuntu 16.04 LTS doesn't have drivers which will support RadeonDriver.   According to these sites AMD users had to wait for a while. Can you please tell me for what time should I wait to upgrade to Ubuntu 16.04 LTS? Can you please tell me the waiting time?  This is my amd driver    00:01.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Richland [Radeon HD 8650G] [1002:990b]   Do I have any support at present?

I'm using Ubuntu 16.04 and there's no fglrx! What happened?


See original Q&A about grep not accepting netcat output on stderr at a .  Concise answer. I like it. Why does adding a tee on the end fail to produce any output?  nc -zvv localhost 3100-3200 2>&1 | grep succeeded | tee test.txt   Using only tee works. Using only grep works. Chaining tee after grep gives no output (console or file).  Any ideas?

I want to monitor a file. So I have tailed a file using below command, to execute a script per line.  tail -3f logfile.log | grep "action.*add" | sed -u -e "s/^/'/" -e "s/$/'/" | xargs -L 1 -P 5 bash testscript.sh   But it seems that script is not getting executed.  I observed that grep is not giving any input for next pipe.  When I tried,  tail -3f logfile.log | grep "action.*add"   it worked. But when given next filter like sed, grep, xargs etc. It didn't worke like the one shown below.  tail -3f /var/tmp/rabbitmq-tracing/logfile.log | grep "action.*add" | grep add    Please help me to know why this is happening and how to overcome this.    Edit 1: Basically anything like below should work and it was working previously. Confused why it is not working now.  tail -f file.txt | grep something | grep something | grep something     EDIT 2: Output line after first grep will be a json string like below. And I want to give this line as input( enclosed in single quotes) to bash script.  {"twNotif": {"originator": "api", "chain": "test", "txId": "08640-0050568a5514", "version": "1.0", "msgType": "api", "twData": {"api": {"hostId": "007bdcc5", "user": "test", "cmdTxt": "100599"}}, "action": "add", "store": "test", "msgTime": 1467280648.971042}}


I would like to change the color of anything that is in mathematical mode, in all my document.   Is it possible?     PS: The solution I've found so far is  \everymath{\color{red}} \everydisplay{\color{red}} \def\m@th{\normalcolor\mathsurround\z@}   but it cancels the command \everymath{\displaystyle}

I want to include something in my LaTeX article that will make all mathematical formulae appear in black, while all text (including everything inside \text{}s in the middle of mathematical formulae) appear in red.  Ideally I would like this to be something I could include in the preamble or in a .cls file or something like that.  What would be the quickest way to do that?


I'm having trouble with the Molecular Level quest. I've started it and I have sided with the Brotherhood.  I decided not to start this quest as I got to it early and I've played probably about 2 and a half days worth of side quests since.  Now that I've come to actually want to start it, it's told me to speak to Proctor Ingram and she gave me a list of things I needed. I found the components for the Reflector Platform, but it only lets me make that, and nothing else!  I've scrapped everything at the airport including carpets and chairs, but I'm just so confused as when in workshop mode on the special things to make its just the stabilized reflector platform there?  I don't want to start from a later save as I'm so far ahead than I was when I first found this quest.  I would love it if someone could help me out.

I am having hard time powering up Teleporter when aligning myself with Brotherhood of steel.  I don't get additional items required in special build menu, what do I do?


everyone!  For a long time, I have been using bibtex for generate bibliography in my docs. Now, i am trying to migrate to biblatex in Mac.  I have followed the steps to generate a bibliography, that seems to be straightforward like the bibtex. So, for a simple code:  \documentclass{article}  % --------------------------- \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[style=authoryear,     hyperref = true,     backref = true,     ]{biblatex}  \bibliography{biblio} % --------------------------- \begin{document}  \cite{you2016}  \printbibliography  \end{document}   When compiling, the result is:    Compiling bibtex in Texshop, I always get the same error:  This is BibTeX, Version 0.99d (TeX Live 2015) The top-level auxiliary file: Sem-Título.aux I found no \citation commands---while reading file Sem-Título.aux I found no \bibdata command---while reading file Sem-Título.aux I found no \bibstyle command---while reading file Sem-Título.aux (There were 3 error messages)   Using the bibtex package, I get the expected result. What would the solution be for using biblatex?  Thanks in advance!

Running the minimal example  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{filecontents} \begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib} @ARTICLE{example,   author  = {Other, Anthony Norman},   title   = {Some things I did},   year    = {2014},   journal = {J.~Irrep. Res.},   volume  = {1},   number  = {1},   pages   = {1-10} } \end{filecontents*} \usepackage[backend=biber]{biblatex} \addbibresource{\jobname.bib} \begin{document} Hello\cite{example}. \printbibliography \end{document}   I get the warning There were undefined references.  I have read  and know that I need to run:   LaTeX Biber LaTeX   However, my editor is only set up to run BibTeX. How do I go about setting up my editor/IDE to be able to run Biber, and how do I run the LaTeX/Biber/LaTeX cycle?  Answers (sorted alphabetically by editor name)                    Answer guidelines   Each answer should be for one editor. If the editor is cross-platform, if possible give a single answer with notes covering the minor platform variations. Please edit the question to include new answers in the 'link list' Each answer should be 'stand alone', i.e. don't say 'It's almost the same as editor Y but ...' for the editor part Instructions for 'build tools' such as arara or latexmk are welcome but should explain how to set up the editor in question as not all editors allow simple addition of arbitrary tools


I made a small web application for a customer and everything is working now on a VPS. Stack:  nginx to route traffic and serve static files gunicorn to run several django workers that serve http daphne workers to serve websockets redis in a docker container to broadcast messages over channels (for chat-like functions) postgres database apscheduler because I need to be able to schedule "events" on the fly for any date (and be able to delete/reschedule them)  There is a lot of stuff going on on my VPS and I am very beginner in server management. Consequently, I am worried about stability and security. Today, for example, I found out a crypto miner has been using my server for the last 3 months.. Is there any service where I can just deploy this webapp and not worry about the server details? Or is it better to hire somebody for first setup and maintain myself? I would really love to just make it and give it to the customer.. To some extent I am willing to change my stack if it makes my worries go away :) Charlee

This is a "catch-all" question designed to serve as an answer for all questions about choosing web hosting.  Pro Webmasters no longer accepts new questions about how to choose hosting.  All future questions pertaining to finding web hosting should be closed as a duplicate of this question. For more information about this policy please see .    How to find web hosting that meets my requirements?  What we're looking for in answers to this question are the basics about web hosting:   What is web hosting? What is the difference between shared, VPS, and dedicated hosting? How does a content delivery network relate to web hosting? Anything else you feel is helpful in finding a web host.   What we do not want is:   Endorsements or recommendations for specific web hosts We do not want your experience or other subjective information (just the facts please)


I use the following jQuery code to hide my email (name.family@gmail.com) on my website:  $(document).ready(function() {   var n = "name";   var f = "family";   var d = ".";   var t = "gmail";   var l = "com";   var r = 'mailto:' + n + d + f + '@' + t + d + l;   $('.hide-email').attr('href',r).html(r); });   Does this actually stop spambots from collecting the email address? They also request my web page, load it and then analyze it for email addresses, right? And after the web page has been loaded, jQuery would produce the real email address. The only way to really protect my email is with a captcha, which is not so user-friendly...   Am I wrong?  UPDATE: The main question for me is - does the "hide email with JS or jQuery" method work at all?

On my homepage, I'm using this method to hide my email from spam bots:  Contact me   What do you think about it? Is it effective? What other methods do you know or use?


I am typing some texts in Spanish, and I need to use the symbols for inverse and direct limits—\varprojlim and \varinjlim respectively. The problem is that these symbols look like "lim" with an arrow below, but I need "lím" with an accent over i. Is there an easy way to define something like that?  I think I found the definitions :  \def\varinjlim{%   \mathop{\mathpalette\varlim@{\rightarrowfill@\textstyle}}\nmlimits@ } \def\varprojlim{%   \mathop{\mathpalette\varlim@{\leftarrowfill@\textstyle}}\nmlimits@ }   But I am not sure how to modify this properly.  Thank you for your help.

I have this MWE  \documentclass[a4paper, 12pt]{article}  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage{mathtools}  \DeclareMathOperator{\shift}{décalage}  \begin{document} \(\shift x\) \end{document}   It produces the correct result but throws the following warning:  LaTeX Warning: Command \' invalid in math mode on input line 11.   Is there a situation where I might get a wrong result? I underestand that the problem is that the accent commands are different in text and math mode, and this is the cause of the warning. So I tried \(décalage\) and the letter é is upright instead of italic. Are any such case for the operators?


I just wondering what is the best way to join domain name and username  for instance :  string domainName = @"DTS\"; string username = "jake";  string domainUser = domainName + usernName;   Please advise

For instance, does the compiler know to translate  string s = "test " + "this " + "function";   to  string s = "test this function";   and thus avoid the performance hit with the string concatenation?


Logging into my usual user account today after updates two days ago (I update regularly), and my desktop opens up, but with no launcher, no control bar, just the desktop shortcuts.    ALT+L doesn't work,  can go into System Settings via display settings but nothing gives me a working desktop.    Ctrl+Alt+del brings up processes window, so I can kill my gnome process, then login with another user account, and everything is normal on the other user account.    I have no idea what's going on. Any suggestions?

When I login, nothing happens.   I am presented with my desktop wallpaper.    No Dash, no Launcher, nothing.


I did a clean install of Ubuntu on my PC, but after restarting my screen is just black and has been for about two hours now... Any ideas to help me with this? I installed the 64-bit version on a p4 3.2ghz machine with 4gb of ram... Should I try the 32-bit? Or is it something deeper maybe?

I am trying to boot Ubuntu on my computer.  When I boot Ubuntu, it boots to a black screen.  How can I fix this? Table of Contents:


Let's say I have a a list, example = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. How can I reformat this into a list of lists such as [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9],[10]]. Note that the final element is a single element intentionally. I wrote the basic code shown below to do this but there must be an easier way. example = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10] temp = [] new_list = [] counter = 0 for num in example:      temp.append(num)     counter = counter + 1     if counter == 3:         new_list.append(temp)         temp = []         counter = 0 new_list.append(temp)     I'm trying to start writing cleaner code that doesn't utilize as many loops, if possible. There should be a way to do this without one.

I have a list of arbitrary length, and I need to split it up into equal size chunks and operate on it. There are some obvious ways to do this, like keeping a counter and two lists, and when the second list fills up, add it to the first list and empty the second list for the next round of data, but this is potentially extremely expensive.  I was wondering if anyone had a good solution to this for lists of any length, e.g. using generators.  I was looking for something useful in itertools but I couldn't find anything obviously useful. Might've missed it, though.  Related question:


I am new to electronics so please forgive me.  I am looking at powering a . Specifically 144 LEDs/ meter. After doing some research I found that . Now, of course, the idea is to not touch the terminals but I just want to have an understanding if this strip could kill me.  I believe each led uses about 50mA and so if we do the math (50*144) that results in 7200mA. I'm not going to power all the LED's at full brightness at once and I may only end up only using around 80 LED's.  I want to use a phone brick charger to power the LED strip (5V and 2A) I understand that this will result in dimly lit LED's but my main question is: Will 5V and 2A kill me if I accidentally touch the terminals or connections?? Considering 200mA is lethal.

Besides obviously sticking an output of 5V directly to the heart. Are there areas inside the body where resistance in ohms is so low that a 5V electric potential would be fatal?   I got into an argument about this with my roommate after he made a joke about sticking an lightning apple lightning cable directly up his urethra. I told him that his brilliant idea could  cause a nasty shock since internal body resistance is so low. He, however, insisted that the lowest internal body resistance still sits at a few hundred ohms and 5V (5V 2.1A Charger) would not suffice to provide a dangerous current.  Would it be possible for internal resistance in this area to be so low that even 5V or less would be dangerous? Say it took a path up the bladder and through the kidneys and to the heart.


I've only ever captured one gym and I got 10 pokécoins immediately and another 10 and 500 stardust after 21 hours. Anyone know how the payout sytem works?

So far, gyms in my area flip so frequently that I haven't been able to hold more than one gym at a time when collecting my rewards. I know the reward for a single gym is 500 stardust and 10 coins.   Does this reward scale linearly with multiple gyms, or does it follow a different progression? I've also heard there might be some kind of bonus for holding a gym for more than a day, but haven't managed to do it. Is there a bonus for that (or any other kinds of bonuses)?


Lat $a<b$ I have to Show that there exist smooth functions $\psi:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ such that  $\psi(x) = \begin{cases} >0 &\mbox{if } a<x<b \\   =0 & \mbox{if }  x\leq a \text{ or } x\geq b. \end{cases}$  I also have the result   that the function   $f(x) =\begin{cases} e^{-\frac{1}{x}}& \mbox{ } x>0 \\ 0, &\mbox{ } x\leq 0 \end{cases}$  is smooth and that the every derivative in $0$ vanishes.  For the left side I can just change the function $f(x)$  $f_a(x)=\begin{cases} e^{-\frac{1}{x-a}}& \mbox{ } x>a \\ 0, &\mbox{ } x\leq a \end{cases}$  Because I already know that $\lim_{x\downarrow 0}f(x)=0$ then also $ \lim_{x\downarrow a}f_a(x)=0$.  For the right side I want that the function has the same behaviour but I don't know how I can construct such a function.   Hints are appreciated

Is it possible to find a smooth function $p$ such that $$p(x)=0 \text{ if } x\le -1$$ $$p(x)=0 \text{ if } x> 0$$ $$0\le p(x) \le 1 \text{ if } -1<x<1$$ $$p(x) = 1 \text{ if } -\frac{1}{2}\le x \le \frac{1}{2}$$ Hint: The following function has continuous derivatives of all orders $$f(x) = 0 \text{ if } x\le 0$$ $$f(x) = e^{-\frac{1}{x^2}} \text{ if } x>0$$  My thought: Considering the left-half of the function $p$, I tried something like $e^{-\frac{1}{\tan^2(x\pi)}}$. The shape looks good but I am not sure about the smoothness at $-1$ and $-\frac{1}{2}$. For $x=-1$, since $\tan$ is infinitely differentiable so we have smoothness there. But for $x=-\frac{1}{2}$, I am not sure about the smoothness after "gluing" with $y=1$.


For some reason my app is keep coming up with this error. I have added the error log below but cannot work out what the problem is. I have tried many times to figure it out but still not getting anywhere. Hopefully you can understand the error log.       Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void android.widget.Button.setOnClickListener(android.view.View$OnClickListener)' on a null object reference at .....buildaempiredesign.GameRegister.onCreate(GameRegister.java:34)   The code for that is the bRegister.setOnClickListener section of code below.               bRegister.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){             @Override             public void onClick(View v){                 final String email = etEmail.getText().toString();                 final String password = etPassword.getText().toString();                 @SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat") final String birthday = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy").format(etBirthday.getText().toString());                 final String playername = etPersonName.getText().toString();                 final String gender = etPersonName.getText().toString();                 final String gamename = etGameName.getText().toString();                  Response.Listener<String> responceListener = new Response.Listener<String>(){                     @Override                     public void onResponse(String response) {                         try {                             JSONObject jsonResponce = new JSONObject(response);                             boolean error = jsonResponce.getBoolean("error");                              if (!error){                                 Intent intent = new Intent(GameRegister.this, GameLogin.class);                                 GameRegister.this.startActivity(intent);                             } else {                                 AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(GameRegister.this);                                 builder.setMessage("Login Failed")                                         .setNegativeButton("Retry", null)                                         .create()                                         .show();                             }                         } catch (JSONException e) {                             e.printStackTrace();                         }                     }                 };                  RegisterRequest registerRequest = new RegisterRequest(email, password, playername, gender, birthday, gamename, responceListener);                 queue.add(registerRequest);             }         });

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I process several XML files by calling recursive method process_node:      for my $file (@ARGV) {             my $doc = XML::LibXML->load_xml(location => $file);              my $report;             my $items = [];              process_node($doc->getDocumentElement, $report, $items);              print Dumper($items);     }   They all have similar structure:   A big parent node named CalRunnerReport with attributes BSN, ProjectName, StationName And many children nodes named TestItem   I'm trying to prepare a array of hashes referenced by the variable $items- to be used as data source for DataTables.net (an HTML table component):  sub process_node($$$) {         my ($node, $report, $items) = @_;          return unless $node->nodeType == XML_ELEMENT_NODE;          if ($node->nodeName eq 'CalRunnerReport') {                 my $attr = get_attributes($node);                 $report = {                         BSN         => $attr->{BSN},                         ProjectName => $attr->{ProjectName},                         StationName => $attr->{StationName},                 }         } elsif ($node->nodeName eq 'TestItem') {                 my $attr = get_attributes($node);                 push @$items, [      # XXX fails to create a hash                         %$report,                         %$attr,                 ];         }          for my $child ($node->getChildnodes) {                 process_node($child, $report, $items);         } }  sub get_attributes($) {         my $node = shift;         my $attr = {};          for my $a ($node->attributes) {                 my $key = $a->name;                 my $val = $a->value;                 $attr->{$key} = $val;         }          return $attr; }   However in the Data:Dumper output I see that the push statement above hasn't created a hash, but a list:        [         'BSN',         '1147386447',         'ProjectName',         'R089',         'StationName',         'B',         'ExecutionTime',         '00:00:00',         'Result',         'PASS',         'EndTime',         '03/09/2013 21:00:03',         'StartTime',         '03/09/2013 21:00:03',         'Name',         'RecordOperationParameter'       ],       [         'BSN',         '1147386447',         'ProjectName',         'R089',         'StationName',         'B',         'ExecutionTime',         '00:00:00',         'Result',         'PASS',         'EndTime',         '03/09/2013 21:00:03',         'StartTime',         '03/09/2013 21:00:03',         'Name',         'ClearLimitTestPendingList'       ]   Is there please a nice way to combine the 2 hashes %$report and %$attr to a single hash - without looping through all their keys?

What is the best way to combine both hashes into %hash1?  I always know that %hash2 and %hash1 always have unique keys.  I would also prefer a single line of code if possible.    $hash1{'1'} = 'red'; $hash1{'2'} = 'blue'; $hash2{'3'} = 'green'; $hash2{'4'} = 'yellow';


I want to have the alias inst to be used instead of installpkg /tmp/ and then install packages by inst <pkg name>. But in normal alias define, We can not stick alias name to the package name and it gives:  installpkg /tmp/ <pkg name> That have space between /tmp/ and   There is a way to use alias inst="cd /tmp/; installpkg"; That changes the directory too.  But is there any way to have sticky alias?

It's taken me almost 10 years of Linux usage to ask this question. It was all trial and error and random late-night internet surfing.  But people shouldn't need 10 years for this. If I were just starting out with Linux, I'd want to know: When to alias, when to script, and when to write a function?  Where aliases are concerned, I use aliases for very simple operations that don't take arguments.   alias houston='cd /home/username/.scripts/'   That seems obvious. But some people do this:  alias command="bash bashscriptname"   (and add it to the .bashrc file)   Is there a good reason to do that? I'm trying really hard, but I genuinely can't think of any circumstances in which I'd want to do that. So, if there is an edge case where that would make a difference, please answer below.  Because that's where I would just put something in my PATH and chmod +x it, which is another thing that came after years of Linux trial-and-error.  Which brings me to the next topic. For instance, I added a hidden folder (.scripts/) in the home directory to my PATH by just adding a line to my .bashrc (PATH=$PATH:/home/username/.scripts/), so anything executable in there automagically autocompletes.  If I needed to.  I don't really need that, though, do I? I would only use that for languages that are not the shell, like Python.  If it's the shell, I can just write a function inside the very same .bashrc:  funcname () {   somecommand -someARGS "$@" }   As I stated, I found a lot of this out through trial and error. And I only truly saw the beauty of functions when my computer died and I was forced to use the computers of the people around me when they weren't using them.   Instead of moving a whole directory of scripts from computer to computer, I ended up just replacing everyone else's .bashrc with my own, since they had never even made a single modification.  But did I miss anything?   So, what would you tell a beginning Linux user about when to alias, when to script, and when to write a function?   If it's not obvious, I'm assuming the people who answer this will make use of all three options. If you only use aliases, or only use scripts, or only use functions—or if you only use aliases and scripts or aliases and functions or scripts and functions—this question isn't really aimed at you.


I am trying to modify my profile picture. In my profile I can update it with a new picture:      But after a save it shows only a black square:      Is there anything I'm missing in the process?  This appear to be due to the resize feature of Imgur which munge transparent to black. Is there a way to add a transparent image today?

I never liked that SO/SE relied on the external gravatar service, so I was glad to . However, it turns out that one cannot use as profile picture a PNG file with transparent background (something that is supported by gravatar):    Above is a screen capture of my profile page, with a profile picture that has a transparent background. That background is turned into black, which I suppose is a bug.  The method of upload doesn't change anything (I uploaded it manually to imgur, but the same black background is observed). See the difference between the two following URLs:  http://i.stack.imgur.com/Da3ex.png?s=128&g=1   and  http://i.stack.imgur.com/Da3ex.png   The problem is thus in the resizing code from imgur.


Earth's atmosphere constitutes 78% of Nitrogen, then why do plants need to absorb Nitrogen from the soil. Why couldn't it possible for them to absorb the atmospheric Nitrogen like they do in the case of CO2.   Most of the plants relies on other sources to fix their Nitrogen, why couldn't be there a single plant which can absorb atmospheric Nitrogen ?  Is there any ancient plant which is considered to be using atmospheric Nitrogen ?     I have done a simple research, I could only find that previously   atmosphere is not so abundant with Nitrogen and plants developed   mechanisms to use Nitrogen fixed in soil. So now they are following   the same mechanism when Nitrogen is abundant in the atmosphere. Is   this a valid answer ?

Plants must have nitrogen to grow. According to the answer to , there are no plants that can fix their own nitrogen (without the help of bacteria).  Plants get their nitrogen in the form of nitrates (NO3-) or ammonia (NH4+). Nitrates and ammonia get into the soil through    lightning (causing N2 and O2 to combine to form NO which then reacts with atmospheric water and is brought to earth by rain) nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with leguminous plants fixed nitrogen from dead plants/animals (ammonification), urine, etc. ammonifying and other bacteria   The answer also states that it seems to be possible to engineer plants to be able to fix nitrogen.  So one could think plants could have evolved to be able to fix nitrogen, but did not.  Maybe it just did not happen based on it's probability to happen. Is there any other explanation?    Maybe the ability to fix nitrogen would have a harmful effect on plants? Or fixation requires a complex set of related mutations? Are there enough areas with soil depleted of nitrates to exert a selection pressure for nitrogen-fixing plants?


I am newbie In Java programming language. There are various tutorials for beginners about Java basics. I saw some of them there public static void main(String[] args) function and the same time i have seen  public static void main(String args[]) function. What is difference between public static void main(String[] args) and public static void main(String args[])? Thanks in advance

I have recently been thinking about the difference between the two ways of defining an array:   int[] array int array[]   Is there a difference?


What is the best chain and gear lubricant used by pro cyclists either for maintenance or for racing and how often is it recommended to apply? I have limited knowledge and so I have always simply used a product named .

In the past, I personally have only used WD-40.   However, I have occasionally had my bicycle looked over at the locally run, free service sessions and most of the mechanics there use a hand applied type of greasy gel (I forget the name).  Questions:   Is WD-40 suitable for bicycle chains? Would alternatives provide better chain longevity? When shopping around for lubricant, what are the most important things to look for? What do you use and why?  (optional added extra) Any tips for reducing chain wear?


I often have occasion to search for a function name in a project that I haven't retrieved from Team Foundation Server (TFS) and that I don't want to retrieve. Is there a way to search for that function name (any word) on TFS?

Is there a way to search the latest version of every file in TFS for a specific string or regex? This is probably the only thing I miss from Visual Source Safe...    Currently I perform a Get Latest on the entire codebase and use Windows Search, but this gets quite painful with over 1GB of code in 75,000 files.    EDIT: Tried the powertools mentioned, but the "Wildcard Search" option appears to only search filenames and not contents.  UPDATE: We have implemented a customised search option in an existing MOSS (Search Server) installation.


I have some questions about implementing the Singleton Pattern in Java.   There is a chance of having multiple instances of a Singleton when we use cloning. Is there a specific way we can prevent it? What will be the impact if we are creating another instance of a singleton using serialization & deserialization?

What is an efficient way to implement a singleton pattern in Java?


Problem : If $A_{n \times n}$ is a symmetric, positive-definite matrix, show that : $$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} e^{-\langle Ax , x \rangle}~ dx = \sqrt{\dfrac{\pi^n}{\det(A)}}$$ where $\langle a , b\rangle$ denotes the inner product of $a$ and $b$.  Approach : I was approaching the problem using the Change of Variable Formula, using the function $\varphi(x) = A^{-1}x$ . Since $A$ is p.d., I can show that it is invertible. But I can't proceed anymore. I found a similar-looking problem , but couldn't understand anything.

Let $A$ be a positive definite real $n\times n$ matrix. How can I prove that $$ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n}\mathrm{e}^{-\langle Ax,x\rangle}\text{d}x=\left|\,\det\left(\pi^{-1}{A}\right)\right|^{-1/2}=\pi^{n/2}\lvert\,\det A\rvert^{-1/2}\!, $$ where $\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle$ denotes the inner product in $\mathbb R^n$, i.e. $\langle x,y\rangle =x^Ty$.


I saw one proof using this formula: $$ \sum_{i=0}^{z} {n_1 \choose i}{n_2 \choose z-i} = {n_1+n_2 \choose z}$$ Can anyone help explain it, thank you!

How can we prove that     $$\sum_{k=0}^{n}\binom{R}{k}\binom{M}{n-k}=\binom{R+M}{n}?$$   (Presumptive) Source: Theoretical Exercise 8, Ch 1, A First Course in Probability, 8th ed by Sheldon Ross.


I have also tried to downgrade libc6 to 2.31-0ubuntu9, but it's the same result. Also I am on a AMD Ryzen 3 3200g. Edit: Cerberos, I followed the instructions, aaaand, it worked flawlessly. Thank you kind sir. Sorry for taking a bit to respond, been busy. ALSO, reseting repositories also played a part, thank to you also n0bert.

After upgrading from 10.04 to 12.04 I am trying to install different packages.  For instance ia32-libs and skype (4.0).  When trying to install these, I am getting the 'Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages' error message.   Output of commands:  sudo apt-get install -f Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.   After running this:  sudo dpkg --configure -a foo@foo:~$ sudo apt-get install -f Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.


There are a bunch of experiments that claim to show that the electron is highly spherical by measuring the electron electric dipole moment. See e.g.:       However, according to the Cartesian expansion of a charge distribution (see ), if we assume the electron is made up of two small balls of negative charge $q$ separated by a small distance $2\mathrm{d}z$, and calculate the dipole moment in the centre of the two balls, the dipole moment is zero.  $$(-q)(-\mathrm{d}z)+(-q)(\mathrm{d}z)=0$$  which means even a highly non-spherical shape produces a dipole moment of zero.  So if the dipole moment is measured to be tiny, why does that imply the electron is highly spherical?    Some similar questions on this site:    is a different question because I am not asking about the mass distribution, I am asking about how the dipole moment in a Cartesian expansion tells us about the sphericity of the electron.  is also not what I am asking; I am asking why it is that the dipole moment can be used to tell you that the electron is spherical when in the example I give of a non-spherical object, the dipole moment is zero and is therefore not a measure of the degree to which the electron is spherical.

I am wondering if the mass density profile $\rho(\vec{r})$ has been characterized for atomic particles such as quarks and electrons. I am currently taking an intro class in quantum mechanics, and I have run this question by several professors. It is my understanding from the viewpoint of quantum physics a particle's position is given by a probability density function $\Psi(\vec{r},t)$. I also understand that when books quote the "radius" of an electron they are typically referring to some approximate range into which an electron is "likely" to fall, say, one standard deviation from the expectation value of its position or maybe $10^{-15}$ meters.  However it is my impression that, in this viewpoint, wherever the particle "is" or even whether or not the particle "had" any position to begin with (via the Bell Inequalities), it is assumed that if it were (somehow) found, it would be a point mass. This has been verified by my professors and GSIs. I am wondering if its really true.  If the particle was truly a point mass then wherever it is, it would presumably have an infinite mass density. Wouldn't that make electrons and quarks indistinguishable from very tiny black holes? Is there any practical difference between saying that subatomic particles are black holes and that they are point masses? I am aware of such problems as Hawking Radiation although at the scales of the Schwarchild radius of an electron (back of the envelope calculation yields $\tilde{}10^{-57}$ meters), would it really make any more sense to use quantum mechanics as opposed to general relativity?  If anyone knows of an upper bound on the volume over which an electron/quark/gluon/anything else is distributed I would be interested to know. A quick Google Search has yielded nothing but the "classical" electron radius, which is not what I am referring to.  Thanks in advance; look forward to the responses.


I've got a Windows 10 tablet that was upgraded from Windows 8. As a result of the upgrade, it kept some files in the C:\Windows.old folder. I ran the Disk Cleanup utility (diskmgr) to try and delete those, by checking the box to delete "Previous Windows Installation(s)." This did delete most of the contents of that folder; however, six system files were left in there, actually two copies of these three files:   iaiogpioe.sys iaio2ce.sys iaiospi.sys   I tried to delete those and it said I couldn't because they were owned by TrustedInstaller. So, naturally, I changed ownership on those files to Administrators, and then gave Administrators full access. But then when I tried deleting them, it said they were in use by the system and so couldn't be deleted.  I was able to move them out of the C:\Windows.old folder, and into my Documents folder, thereby allowing me to delete the Windows.old folder. However, I still can't delete those six files which are now in my Documents folders. I am even able to rename them. I tried changing their file extension from "sys" to "pancakes." That works fine, but I am still unable to delete.  I even tried a third-party program called LockHunter, which indicated that the files weren't in use by any applications; however it was unable to delete them. It said I could attempt to delete the files upon reboot, but that, too, failed.  How do I delete these old system files?

When I try to delete the file, using the GUI it says      The action cannot be completed because the file is open in another   program   And using the del /f /q command line it says     Access is denied   I have tried unlocking the file with Unlocker, as well as trying to locate which process is using the file with the Resource Monitor or the Process Explorer, but no locking handle was found in either case.  I am able to rename or move the file, but not to delete it or change its content.


I want to create an animation where a arrow points from the red circle to the blue circle.  My standard approch would be, to start with a cube on frame 1, deform the cube to a rectangle in frame 2, than to a long line and eventually in frame 4 I have the full arrow.  Now in this approach two things are not optimal:   The arrow looks really bad. Its hard work to do this.   Is there a shorter approach to get a more accurate looking arrow which is developing during time? I know the curve->path object, but I dont know how to explain to blender that it should develop during time (as in the image below).

I wonder what would be the best way of animating multiple 2 dimensional lines in blender.  Lets say I have lots of line, that are parallel and have some sort of rule, kind of like a PCB board with hundreds of circuits.  The starting frame would be when nothing is visible and during the animation the lines would slowly build up from nothing all the way to the end forming the finished lines.  I have a couple of ideas that might work, but all include heavy hand animation, like:   grease pencil animation, drawing them one by one, converting to curve, then build up modifier some dynamic paint hack   There maybe other more efficient methods that I don't know of and if so, please let me know.


I'm trying to implement a basic terminal (like bash), and I'm currently trying to take in user input (as if they were entering commands in bash) and split up each by spaces and put it in a vector so I can read from the vector and attend to each command one by one. I can't seem to get my code to compile, what am I doing wrong? (here's what I have so far):  #include <iostream> #include <cstring> #include <vector> #include <string> using namespace std;  int main(){     vector<string> cmdline;     string command = "";     cout << '$';     getline(cin, command);      command.c_str();     char* tokchar;     tokchar = strtok(command, " ");       while(tokchar){         cmdline.push_back(tokchar);         tokchar = strtok(NULL, " ");     }  return 0;  }   Specifically, the compiler error is: cannot convert 'std::string' to 'char*'for argument 1 to 'char* strtok(char*, const char*)' It says the error is on the line where I set tokchar =...;  I'm not sure if this code will do what I'm hoping. How would I fix it and make it put all of the command line arguments into a vector separated by " "?

I'm trying to iterate over the words of a string.  The string can be assumed to be composed of words separated by whitespace.  Note that I'm not interested in C string functions or that kind of character manipulation/access. Also, please give precedence to elegance over efficiency in your answer.  The best solution I have right now is:  #include <iostream> #include <sstream> #include <string>  using namespace std;  int main() {     string s = "Somewhere down the road";     istringstream iss(s);      do     {         string subs;         iss >> subs;         cout << "Substring: " << subs << endl;     } while (iss); }   Is there a more elegant way to do this?


Project: format  on 8.5" X 5.5" double sided pages, using open source software, with a pdf submittal.  The utf8 text is freely available to anyone, and no one can own sole publication rights, since that work falls into the public domain.  The goal is take as few hours as possible, while making it look as good as possible. The pdf would include everything except the front and back cover of the book, all the inner pages in other words.   (War and Peace is actually a Book of "books" rather than "parts" each with many chapters).    So, what manuals for compiler, class and other packages would be best to read up on, or would you skip LaTeX and use another open source tool?  Images, Colors and Scientific Formula etc., are not allowed in the finished product.    Edit:  I've read a few introductions to LaTeX and can quickly compile long books.   War and Peace has a lot of narrative, and it's very quick to markup with LaTeX then compile into a pdf book.  But the result isn't what I'm looking for when I try to use a minimal amount of introductory LaTeX.    The basic question at the top revolves around what classes, packages and/or compilers could be used.  There will probably only be a few short answers, so I disagree with placing this question on hold.  More folks than formatters of academic and scientific documents should be empowered to effectively use the full capability of LaTeX.   I've read lots of comments, but zero solutions.  see below.  Why?  I feel that this question was marked on hold because it wasn't fielded for an academic or scientific work, and folks are certainly acting like I'm asking for their programming trade secretes.

I'd like to use LaTeX to typeset a novel. Could you recommend me any template?  What I mean is a template (some .tex file) where I can include my chapterN.tex files (mainly plain text) and get a pretty good design with zero work :)


I have a US passport plus another passport from my birthplace. I would like to go to Iran for a business trip. Using US passport to enter Iran requires visa and lots of paperwork, but with my other passport it is quite easy, one can apply at the airport. On the other hand, to come back to US I can not use my birthplace passport.   Can I use both passports to travel from US to Iran, one to enter it, and one to come back?    What are the potential problems/issues?   Edit: I have read the other question about traveling with two passports. However, traveling from US to Iran is a bit more special, consider the situation. For example, I found out that there have been some changes in travel policy by US in January, but not sure of details and especially advice from people who have actually made such trips.   For example, the advice was that I show my other passport when leaving the US. But that passport does not allow me to stay legally in the US, since it does not have visa (I had a green card before but the took it away after becoming US citizen).    So do I have to show both passports when leaving US?    Would travel to Iran with two passports cause potential delays when I come back?

I am a citizen of two different countries, and have two passports.  How should I use my passports when traveling?


I removed all files in a directory and then ran ls > foo in that same directory.  Running cat foo reveals that the newly created file "foo" contains "foo". Why is the file "foo" not empty? When ls executes, there are no files in the directory yet, right?

Why does $ ls > ls.out cause 'ls.out' to be included in list of names of files in current directory? Why was this chosen to be? Why not otherwise?


Do not use X if A, B, or C is sufficient. Do not use X if A, B, or C are sufficient.   X, A, B, and C are nouns. The reader have a choice to use A, B, or C (the exact choice depends on the external circumstances; e.g., use A if sunny, use B if rainy, use C if cloudy) or X. X is the all-purpose and very powerful solution. However, using X is overhead and generally it should be avoided. Which sentence should I use?

The following sentence refers to an apocalyptic story where money no longer has any value:     A can of sardines, radio batteries, or a bicycle is/are more precious than money.   Should I use is or are after the series?


I would like to use this blackboard wedge symbol without switching my current math font. I have found the symbol in both the stix and biotik package. I have also found numerous questions and answers about how to import specific symbols from packages, but despite that I haven't been able to adapt any of those answers to my spe    I have found the symbol in both the stix and biotik package. I have also found numerous questions and answers about how to import specific symbols from packages, but despite that I haven't been able to adapt any of those answers to my specific case.  Would anyone be able to help me, or suggest an alternative?  Thanks

Is there a general way to change the font of a particular symbol without switching packages?  For example, suppose I'm using Computer Modern for my entire document, but I want the "subset" operator to look as it does in mathabx.  How can I redefine it to appear in this way?


Assume $R$ is a graded ring and $M$ and $N$ graded modules. Denote by $^*\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,N)$ the set of all homogeneous $R$-linear maps from $M$ to $N$. How can I prove that if $M$ is finitely generated then $^*\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,N)=\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,N)$? Do you have a counterexample of a not finitely generated module $M$ such that this equality doesn't hold?

Let $M$ and $N$ be graded $R$-modules (with $R$ a graded ring). $\varphi:M\rightarrow N$ is a homogeneous homomorphism of degree $i$ if $\varphi(M_n)\subset N_{n+i}$. Denote by $\mathrm{Hom}_i(M,N)$ the group of homogeneous homomorphisms of degree $i$. We define $^*\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,N)=\bigoplus_{i\in\mathbb{Z}}\mathrm{Hom}_i(M,N)$. This is a (graded) $R$-submodule of $\mathrm{Hom}_R(M,N)$.      How can I prove that these two modules are equal if $M$ is finite? And do you know a counterexample if $M$ is not finite?


I'm trying to draw something like an inner box integral approximation but with dynamic upper bound, lower bound, and stepsize. Unfortunately the \foreach command of tikz is not cooperating.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage[active,tightpage]{preview} \PreviewEnvironment{tikzpicture}  \newcommand\Bbound{2.5} \newcommand\Abound{-2.25} \newcommand\stepsize{0.5} \newcommand\firststep{{(\Abound + \stepsize)}}  \begin{document}     \begin{tikzpicture}      % works fine!!     \foreach \y in {-2.25,-1.75,...,2.5} {         \draw (0, \y) -- ++(1,0);     }      % works fine!!     \foreach \y in {\Abound, -1.75,...,\Bbound}{         \draw (0,\y) --++ (-1,0);     }      % gives error (Argument of \pgffor@@dotscharcheck has an extra }. [        }])     % \foreach \y in {\Abound,\firststep,...,\Bbound}{     %     \draw (0,\y) --++ (-1,0);     % }      % gives error (Paragraph ended before \pgfmath@dimen@@ was complete. [])     % \foreach \y in {\Abound, \number\numexpr\Abound + 0.5\relax,...,\Bbound}{     %     \draw (0,\y) --++ (-1,0);     % }      % gives less useful error     % \foreach \y in {\the\numexpr\Abound, \the\numexpr\firststep,...,\the\numexpr\Bbound}{     %     \draw (0,\y) --++ (-1,0);     % }      \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   In the first \foreach I set the bounds and stepsize manually, and it worked fine. The second attempt I use the defined upper and lower limits, but still set the stepsize manually; this also worked. The third through fifth I tried all the things I've found here on TeX.SE to address this particular issue. None of them worked.  Does anybody have any advice on how to get these dynamic bounds and step size working?  A broader question is how does TikZ/PGF/LaTeX handle computation? I've seen math enclosed in round parentheses, in brackets, and behind more TeXish commands. What is the deal?

I am trying to learn \foreach in TikZ and I am confused because of all the errors I get. Here is a code sample I tried that gave me:  ForeachEvaluateTest.tex:0:File ended while scanning use of \pgffor@stripcontext     \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz}  \begin{document}   \pgfmathsetmacro{\dx}{5}  \pgfmathsetmacro{\offx}{2}   \begin{tikzpicture}   \pgfmathsetmacro{\endi}{\offx+\dx}   \pgfmathsetmacro{\starti}{\offx}    \foreach \i [evaluate=\i] in {\starti,...+1,\endi}   {    \draw (\i,0) -- (\i,1);   }  \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}   I manage to fix this by a strange modification which can not possibly be the best way to fix it.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz}  \begin{document}   \pgfmathsetmacro{\dx}{5}  \pgfmathsetmacro{\offx}{2}   \begin{tikzpicture}   \pgfmathsetmacro{\endi}{\offx+\dx-1}   \pgfmathsetmacro{\starti}{\offx-1}    \foreach \i [evaluate=\i] in {\starti+1,...+1,\endi+1}   {    \draw (\i,0) -- (\i,1);   }  \end{tikzpicture}     \end{document}   Any pointers to why this makes a difference?


I've come into a situation where I dont understand How to choose the number of clusters. The WithinSS increases suddenly after 6. How/What do I interpret of this graph ? Background : I've applied PCA on the data set and used 4 PCs. The clustering is done on the PCs. I'm using K-means cluster algorithm in R.

We find the cluster centers and assign points to k different cluster bins in  which is a very well known algorithm and is found almost in every machine learning package on the net. But the missing and most important part in my opinion is the choice of a correct k. What is the best value for it? And, what is meant by best?  I use MATLAB for scientific computing where looking at silhouette plots is given as a way to decide on k . However, I would be more interested in Bayesian approaches. Any suggestions are appreciated.


I am new to "Springs framework" in java. I want to know clearly about Dependency Injection.   Regular Java Class:         public class TextEditor {           private SpellChecker spellChecker;           public TextEditor() {           spellChecker = new SpellChecker();             }       }   Java Class using Dependency Injection(Springs):      public class TextEditor {          private SpellChecker spellChecker;          public TextEditor(SpellChecker spellChecker) {          this.spellChecker = spellChecker;            }          }   How these two programs are different & what is the most usefulness that we have here through Dependency Injection?

There have been several questions already posted with specific questions about , such as when to use it and what frameworks are there for it. However,  What is dependency injection and when/why should or shouldn't it be used?


Theortically I know what currying is.  Can anyone tell me the practical use of currying in javascript?

I don’t think I’ve grokked currying yet. I understand what it does, and how to do it. I just can’t think of a situation I would use it.  Where are you using currying in JavaScript (or where are the main libraries using it)? DOM manipulation or general application development examples welcome.   mentions animation. Functions like slideUp, fadeIn take an element as an arguments and are normally a curried function returning the high order function with the default “animation function” built-in. Why is that better than just applying the higher-up function with some defaults?  Are there any drawbacks to using it?  As requested here are some good resources on JavaScript currying:    Crockford, Douglas (2008) JavaScript: The Good Parts  (Takes a detour into ML so skip the whole section from “A crash course in ML” and start again at “How to write curried JavaScript”)    (Mr. Resig on the money as per usual)    I’ll add more as they crop up in the comments.    So, according to the answers, currying and partial application in general are convenience techniques.  If you are frequently “refining” a high-level function by calling it with same configuration, you can curry (or use Resig’s partial) the higher-level function to create simple, concise helper methods.


I would like to know how to convert the string below to an object in Javascript:  var string = '{"id":"50","actor":"1","subject":"1","object":"18","message":"a ajout\u00e9","status":"unseen"}'   In fact, I would like that after converting the string above to an object, I will be able to access to any element of that object. For example, if I convert the string to an object called "obj" I will be able to access to the value of the element "id" (which is "50") in such way: obj.id  Thanks in advance.

Given a string of JSON data, how can I safely turn that string into a JavaScript object?  Obviously I can do this unsafely with something like:  var obj = eval("(" + json + ')');   but that leaves me vulnerable to the JSON string containing other code, which it seems very dangerous to simply eval.


I have installed ZULU openJDK 11. on my windows 10 32 bit machine. Also installed dataloader.Not able to start the dataloader.

I'm on a new computer and I haven't downloaded Data Loader in years but now, I'm having all kinds if issues.  So apparently, I have to download Zulu JDK 11 (msi) first, Then download and unzip Data Loaded and install. Which opens a command prompt... After I follow all of the command prompt steps, then I get an error.  Am I supposed to install Java too? And if so, do I download Java or Zulu first?  Apparently a lot of people are having this same problem with no resolve.  Any help would be much appreciated.


So, I was searching for the exact mechanism behind the workings of ISO (or film speed) in digital camera. I found  and it was pretty simple. But i was wondering if  is accurate and if anyone could add extra details to it or correct any mistakes (if any).   P.S. The video didn't have comments enabled either so, i couldn't really tell.

If I change the ISO settings on my camera, obviously the gain of the system is increased, amplifying the signal from the sensor. What's not clear to me is where the amplification takes place. I see several possibilities:   In the sensor, by increasing voltage or some other mechanism Via an analog amplifier outside of the sensor Digitally, after the signal has been digitized, but before storing data in the RAW file As a parameter applied solely in creating an image from RAW   If #4 is true, then you could take a 4-stop overexposed RAW picture at ISO 1600, and then in post processing produce a JPEG at ISO 100 that would be the same as if the original photo had been shot at ISO 100.  If #1 or #2 is true, then a RAW file shot at ISO 1600 would actually contain more information about shadows, and an ISO 100 RAW would contain more information about highlights.


I heard that a phone can be jailbroken and then "un-jailbroken." Is it possible to tell if an "un-jailbroken" phone has been jailbroken in the past?

Will an    Work on any jailbroken-iPhone and Make a jailbroken-iPhone "unjailbroken"? Make a jailbroken-iPhone "supported by Apple"?   Similarly, does such an iOS reinstall reset the iPhone (jailbroken or not) back to a "clean, factory default" state?  My near-term purpose: I have an iPhone 4S running iOS 5.1 I'd like to jailbreak to at least install better Google Voice integration like .