Call: lm(formula = log(psoda) ~ prpblck + log(income) + prppov, data = wooldridge::discrim)  Residuals:      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max  -0.32218 -0.04648  0.00651  0.04272  0.35622   Coefficients:             Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)     (Intercept) -1.46333    0.29371  -4.982  9.4e-07 *** prpblck      0.07281    0.03068   2.373   0.0181 *   log(income)  0.13696    0.02676   5.119  4.8e-07 *** prppov       0.38036    0.13279   2.864   0.0044 **  --- Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1  Residual standard error: 0.08137 on 397 degrees of freedom   (9 observations deleted due to missingness) Multiple R-squared:  0.08696,   Adjusted R-squared:  0.08006  F-statistic:  12.6 on 3 and 397 DF,  p-value: 6.917e-08 ```

The help pages in R assume I know what those numbers mean, but I don't. I'm trying to really intuitively understand every number here. I will just post the output and comment on what I found out. There might (will) be mistakes, as I'll just write what I assume. Mainly I'd like to know what the t-value in the coefficients mean, and why they print the residual standard error.   Call: lm(formula = iris$Sepal.Width ~ iris$Petal.Width)  Residuals:      Min       1Q   Median       3Q      Max  -1.09907 -0.23626 -0.01064  0.23345  1.17532    This is a 5-point-summary of the residuals (their mean is always 0, right?). The numbers can be used (I'm guessing here) to quickly see if there are any big outliers. Also you can already see it here if the residuals are far from normally distributed (they should be normally distributed).  Coefficients:                  Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)     (Intercept)       3.30843    0.06210  53.278  < 2e-16 *** iris$Petal.Width -0.20936    0.04374  -4.786 4.07e-06 *** --- Signif. codes:  0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1    Estimates $\hat{\beta_i}$, computed by least squares regression. Also, the standard error is $\sigma_{\beta_i}$. I'd like to know how this is calculated.  I have no idea where the t-value and the corresponding p-value come from. I know $\hat{\beta}$ should be normal distributed, but how is the t-value calculated?  Residual standard error: 0.407 on 148 degrees of freedom   $\sqrt{ \frac{1}{n-p} \epsilon^T\epsilon }$, I guess. But why do we calculate that, and what does it tell us?  Multiple R-squared: 0.134,  Adjusted R-squared: 0.1282    $ R^2 = \frac{s_\hat{y}^2}{s_y^2} $, which is $ \frac{\sum_{i=1}^n (\hat{y_i}-\bar{y})^2}{\sum_{i=1}^n (y_i-\bar{y})^2} $. The ratio is close to 1 if the points lie on a straight line, and 0 if they are random.  What is the adjusted R-squared?  F-statistic: 22.91 on 1 and 148 DF,  p-value: 4.073e-06    F and p for the whole model, not only for single $\beta_i$s as previous. The F value is $ \frac{s^2_{\hat{y}}}{\sum\epsilon_i} $. The bigger it grows, the more unlikely it is that the $\beta$'s do not have any effect at all.


The Simpson family becomes The Simpsons, does that mean I can call a family with surname Wolf, The Wolves or The Wolfs? I don't know if changing letters of someone's surname is appropriate or not.

When pluralizing family (last) names that also happen to be common English words, does the pluralization follow the same rules as the common word?  For example, "the Smith family" can be pluralized as "the Smiths", but what if the family name is "Wolf" or "Fish"?  Would the correct pluralization be "the Wolfs" or "the Wolves"?


Prove that $\sqrt{2} + \sqrt{n}$ is irrational $\forall \ n \in \mathbb{N}$.  I have tried though contradiction but can't seem to come up with an answer  I did this where for $\frac ab$, $a \in \mathbb{N}, b \in \mathbb{Z}$ and in reduce form, and $0 \not \in \mathbb{N}$  $$\sqrt 2 + \sqrt n = \frac ab$$ $$\frac {2+n}{\sqrt 2 - \sqrt n} = \frac ab$$ $$\frac {(2+n)(\sqrt 2 + \sqrt n)}{2 + n} = \frac ab$$ $$\frac {(2+n)(a)}{(2-n)(b)}=\frac ab$$ $$\frac {2+n}{2-n}=1$$ $$2+n=2-n$$ $$2+2n=2$$ $$n=0$$ $$n \in \mathbb{N} \therefore n \not =0$$ $$\therefore  \sqrt{2} + \sqrt{n} \not \in \mathbb{Q}$$  However this seems clearly flawed as even if $n = 0$ it still would be irrational, and that it subsitiuting $\sqrt 2 + \sqrt n$ for $\frac ab$ seems pretty incorrect.  More just a desperate attempt, pretty confident its not even close.

Inspired by , I was wondering if there is a simple logical argument to   Show that $ a,b, \sqrt{a}+ \sqrt{b} \in\mathbb Q  \implies  \sqrt{a},\sqrt{b} \in\mathbb Q $  Note that the original link is using a computational method, where as I am looking for a simple logical argument.  I tried (unjutifiably) to argue that if some of two square roots is rational then each one is rational, this is a different than the (incorrect) argument that if sum of two algebraic numbers is rational then each one is rational ( counter example $a=1-\sqrt{2},b= 1+\sqrt{2} $)


I have written a little essay and tried to add a bibliography. I get all kinds of errors and searched the last 5 hours for solutions, only to find out how little I know about latex... I am using Miktex and Texmaker. I made a simple version of my .tex file to post here: \documentclass[]{article} \usepackage[autostyle]{csquotes} \usepackage[ngerman]{babel} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{biblatex} \addbibresource{referenzen}  \begin{document} \section{Introduction} Lorem ipsum \cite{dirac} \printbibliography \end{document}  Bib file: @article{valueSensitiveDesign,     author = {Friedman, Kahn et al},     title = {Value Sensitive Design},     year = "2008" }  @book{dirac,     title = {The Principles of Quantum Mechanics},     author = {Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac},     isbn = {9780198520115},     series = {International series of monographs on physics},     year = {1981},     publisher = {Clarendon Press},     keywords = {physics} }  @article{Lee2009a, author = {Lee, Geun}, journal = {The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis}, number = {2}, pages = {205--218}, title = {{A Theory of Soft Power and Korea's Soft Power Strategy}}, volume = {21}, year = {2009} }  I've setup Texmaker to do 'pdflatex > show pdf'. But then the bibliography is not printed. I researched this and people say that you need to 'latex > biblatex > latex 2x > show pdf', but I don't have that. I have similar options, but the I get the error:  This is BibTeX, Version 0.99d (MiKTeX 20.6.29) The top-level auxiliary file: prototype.aux I found no \citation commands---while reading file prototype.aux I found no \bibdata command---while reading file prototype.aux I found no \bibstyle command---while reading file prototype.aux (There were 3 error messages)  Texmaker doesn't seem to give me an option to do it the correct way (and this gets way to complicated for me). Here is a screenshot of my configuration options (sorry it's in German):  My problem seems to be so simple, but I feel like a need to do a full latex tutorial to get any idea what I m doing. I feel like there might be some conflicting packages. Can anyone please explain whats going on here?

Running the minimal example  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{filecontents} \begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.bib} @ARTICLE{example,   author  = {Other, Anthony Norman},   title   = {Some things I did},   year    = {2014},   journal = {J.~Irrep. Res.},   volume  = {1},   number  = {1},   pages   = {1-10} } \end{filecontents*} \usepackage[backend=biber]{biblatex} \addbibresource{\jobname.bib} \begin{document} Hello\cite{example}. \printbibliography \end{document}   I get the warning There were undefined references.  I have read  and know that I need to run:   LaTeX Biber LaTeX   However, my editor is only set up to run BibTeX. How do I go about setting up my editor/IDE to be able to run Biber, and how do I run the LaTeX/Biber/LaTeX cycle?  Answers (sorted alphabetically by editor name)                    Answer guidelines   Each answer should be for one editor. If the editor is cross-platform, if possible give a single answer with notes covering the minor platform variations. Please edit the question to include new answers in the 'link list' Each answer should be 'stand alone', i.e. don't say 'It's almost the same as editor Y but ...' for the editor part Instructions for 'build tools' such as arara or latexmk are welcome but should explain how to set up the editor in question as not all editors allow simple addition of arbitrary tools


I was randomly experimenting and I found that running cat /etc/localtime on PuTTY and on xterm have different effects.  Example:  root@webtest:~# cat /etc/localtime TZif2       ▒       ▒▒Kmp▒▒ǀ▒▒▒p▒Ƀprp▒▒▒▒_Tp▒▒▒p▒A▒p▒nop▒# ▒O▒▒▒p▒▒▒ɧ▒#▒Op▒▒▒k▒p"p▒r▒p▒Pp▒2Lp▒▒p▒▒▒p▒▒p▒ȷ𽸨▒_p▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒xl▒▒h]▒▒XN▒▒?p▒80▒▒:▒▒▒X▒p▒▒▒p▒/p▒▒ p▒▒b▒˵R▒▒▒▒̀K▒▒ܢ▒͕4▒▒▒K`▒r▒▒▒ſp▒u▒Ϭg▒▒R▒▒Х▒p▒T▒▒ьI▒▒2f▒҅▒p▒Y▒▒▒I▒▒▒9▒ ▒)▒ ▒▒ ▒      PuTTYPuTTYPuTTY▒ ▒▒ ▒▒ ܹY ݲ▒▒ޢu▒ߒf▒▒W▒▒rH▒▒b9▒▒R*▒▒B▒2 ▒▒!▒▒       ▒▒          ▒▒▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒▒ ▒▒ ▒▒   ▒z▒ ▒j▒ ▒c▒▒▒S▒▒▒C▒▒▒3▒▒▒#s▒▒d▒▒U▒▒▒F▒ ▒* ▒7▒t(▒d▒T▒C▒3▒#▒ܐ͐▒㽠Ӡ▒Ñ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒|▒ lr!\c"LT#<E$,6%'& 'C▒'▒4▒(▒%▒)▒▒*▒▒+▒▒,▒▒-▒ڐ.▒ː/t▒▒0d▒▒1]▒2r▒3=▒4R▒5▒62x68▒8▒a9▒v▒:▒C;▒X▒<▒_▒=▒:▒>▒A▒?▒▒@f#▒A▒9BF▒Cd                   %▒EC▒FɐG#▒G▒▒I▒I▒▒J▒K▒▒L̿▒M▒▒N▒▒▒OnnP▒▒▒QW▒▒Rle▒S7l▒TLG▒UN▒V,)▒V▒0▒XFX▒▒Y▒(Z▒▒[▒ \▒]▒▒▒_▒▒`_▒a}▒b?▒c]̐d▒e=▒▒▒▒g▒▒g藐h▒r▒i▒y▒j▒T▒k▒[▒l▒qm▒=▒n▒Soh▒p▒5qQ<rfs1tE▒uv/▒v▒▒x▒x▒▒y▒ِz▒▒{λ▒|▒�}▒▒▒~y▒▒     PuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTY                                           ▒▒c    LMTWESTWETWEMTCETCESTTZif2                                    ▒                                    ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒Kmp▒▒▒▒▒▒ǀ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒Ƀp▒▒▒▒rp▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒_Tp▒▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒A▒p▒▒▒▒▒nop▒▒▒▒▒# ▒▒▒▒▒▒O▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ɧ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒#▒▒▒▒▒▒▒Op▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒k▒▒▒▒▒▒p"p▒▒▒▒▒r▒p▒▒▒▒▒Pp▒▒▒▒▒2Lp▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒ȷ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒_p▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒xl▒▒▒▒▒▒h]▒▒▒▒▒▒XN▒▒▒▒▒▒?p▒▒▒▒▒80▒▒▒▒▒▒:▒▒▒▒▒▒▒X▒p▒▒▒▒▒▒▒p▒▒▒▒▒/p▒▒▒▒▒▒ p▒▒▒▒▒▒b▒▒▒▒▒˵R▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒̀K▒▒▒▒▒▒ܢ▒▒▒▒▒͕4▒▒▒▒▒▒▒K`▒▒▒▒▒r▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ſp▒▒▒▒▒u▒▒▒▒▒Ϭg▒▒▒▒▒▒R▒▒▒▒▒▒Х▒p▒▒▒▒▒T▒▒▒▒▒▒ьI▒▒▒▒▒▒2f▒▒▒▒▒҅▒p▒▒▒▒▒Y▒▒▒▒▒▒▒I▒▒▒▒▒▒▒9▒ ▒▒▒▒▒)▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒   ▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒ܹY ▒▒▒▒ݲ▒▒▒▒▒▒ޢu▒▒▒▒▒ߒf▒▒▒▒▒▒W▒▒▒▒▒▒rH▒▒▒▒▒▒b9▒▒▒▒▒▒R*▒▒▒▒▒▒B▒▒▒▒▒2 ▒▒▒▒▒▒!▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒                   ▒▒▒▒▒▒                          ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒ ▒▒▒▒▒z▒ ▒▒▒▒▒j▒ ▒▒▒▒▒c▒▒▒▒▒▒▒S▒▒▒▒▒▒▒C▒▒▒▒▒▒▒3▒▒▒▒▒▒▒#s▒▒▒▒▒▒d▒▒▒▒▒▒U▒▒▒▒▒▒▒F▒ ▒* ▒7▒t(▒d▒T▒C▒3▒#▒ܐ͐▒㽠Ӡ▒Ñ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒|▒ lr!\c"LT#<E$,6%'& 'C▒'▒4▒(▒%▒)▒▒*▒▒+▒▒,▒▒-▒ڐ.▒ː/t▒▒0d▒▒1]▒2r▒3=▒4R▒5▒62x68▒8▒a9▒v▒:▒C;▒X▒<▒_▒=▒:▒>▒A▒?▒▒@f#▒A▒9BF▒Cd                   %▒EC▒FɐG#▒G▒▒I▒I▒▒J▒K▒▒L̿▒M▒▒N▒▒▒OnnP▒▒▒QW▒▒Rle▒S7l▒TLG▒UN▒V,)▒V▒0▒XFX▒▒Y▒(Z▒▒[▒ \▒]▒▒▒_▒▒`_▒a}▒b?▒c]̐d▒e=▒▒▒▒g▒▒g藐h▒r▒i▒y▒j▒T▒k▒[▒l▒qm▒=▒n▒Soh▒p▒5qQ<rfs1tE▒uv/▒v▒▒x▒x▒▒y▒ِz▒▒{λ▒|▒�}▒▒▒~y▒▒                                           ▒▒c    LMTWESTWETWEMTCETCEST WET0WEST,M3.5.0/1,M10.5.0 PuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYroot@webtest:~# PuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTY   But when I run on xterm, it gives me this:  root@webtest:~# cat /etc/localtime TZif2       Ý       æmpÇíppêp¢AÙp£nop¤#                          ð¥O¢ðªïpªôðÉ§ð®§#ð¯ Op°ð±kð²p"p³rp´Pp·2Lp¸Èp¸ÿ¹p¹ïªp¼È·ð½¸¨ð¾ðÀððÁxlðÂh]ðÃXNðÄ?pÅ80ðÆ:ðÇX¬pÇÙßpÉ/pÉñ pÊâbðËµRðËì£àÌKàÌÜ¢ðÍ4ðÍÃK`Îr¢àÎÅ¿pÏuðÏ¬gàÐR            àÐ¥¡pÑTøðÑIàÒ2fàÒ pÓYÄðÔIµðÕ9Ñ Ö)Â ×³ Ø^[[?64;1;2;6;6;9;15;18;21;22c      ¤ Øù Ùé Ü¹Y Ý²                                                                        Þ¢u ßf àW árH âb9 ãR* äB2                  æ!ý ç                        èû                           éêü êÚí ëÊÞ ìºÏ íªÀ î± ï¢ ðz ñj                                                           òc¯ óS  ôC õ3 ö#s ÷d øU øóF        «*  7t(dT3úã½ Ó Ã½¬® lr!\c"LT#<E$,6%'&                                   'CÚ                                      Ë5A                                         9BF                                            %çN¬¡leÎ`_Õa}êe=®=5qQ<rfs1tEùuv/Âæÿÿÿ   Why is PuTTY putting PuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTYPuTTY on the prompt?    Edit: This question isn't a duplicate of   The linked question asks why the ouput is different, even when redirecting the output to a file.  My question is asking why it is showing PuTTY in the prompt (note: on the prompt, where we type the commands), on PuTTY.  I'm really sorry, but I'm not being able to express my doubt any better.

If I understand the cat manual correctly:       concatenate files and print on the standard output   cat will take files as argument and print them on standard output. What I don't get is if I use the command:    cat img.png > copy.png   I will obtain 2 png files identical while if I just    cat img.png     I have all chance that my terminal get messed up and misinterpret what I type.     How's that possible?   Binary values are still binary data. Why it does not simply shows a series of 0 and 1 or the interpretation of those binary data in ASCII or whatever the encoding in terminal is?   Is this behavior also possible by cating a text file containing strange characters?   Should a mechanism to prevent this behavior  like try{}catch{} statement should be implemented?


In my analysis text, it seems that $\max$ and $\min$ are replaced by $\sup$ and $\inf$ for 1D single variable function, why is this the case?

What is the difference between max, min and sup, inf?


I want to make a "lightning rod" in Minecraft. I'll have a stick or something that when right-clicked, it summons lightning one block in front of player.  How can I detect a player right-clicking with a specific item in hand?

Is there a way so that I make make it when I left click/right click with a certain item it applies an effect? I know that you can apply attributes to wearing armor and things but I want it so when you use the item it applies an effect on your player.  For example, let's say I want something so that when I right click with a certain item (let's say an iron ingot that was given to me) I'll then have a jump boost for 10 seconds. So kinda like a potion in a way.  Is this possible with command blocks/commands/any mods?


how can we rename the wp-includes folder.We don't want folder name wp-includes displayed in source code

Is there a way that we could rename wp-includes folder   I have found out there are ways to do for other folders. But how do we do it for wp-includes folder?


I am using the code snippet below to ensure pdf files in a SharePoint 2013 document library open in a new tab. This code works fine until files in the document library are grouped. Can someone please help tweak the code so I can ensure that pdf files in a 'grouped' library also open in new tabs? <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.10.2.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>     <script type="text/javascript">         $(function () {             $("a[href$='.pdf']").removeAttr("onclick");             $("a[href$='.pdf']").removeAttr("onmousedown");             $("a[href$='.pdf']").attr("target", "_blank");                });     </script>  Please note that I am specifically looking for a code snippet that will ensure pdf documents will open in a new tab when the items in the document library are grouped. The code I have is already working for pdf documents in non-grouped libraries. Thanks

Is there any easy way to open the document library files in a new window or popup depending on the file types?  e.g. PDF - In Adobe reader (currently opens in IE)  Image file (currently opens in IE)


I want in terminal or in crontab(both) be able to put a random time.  Something like  Sleep $(1-300)  pkill screen && ./start   just a random simple example

I am using  to perform parallel commands on our servers.  The other day, we had an issue when a service restart of puppet via func made all our severs hit our puppetmaster at the same time.  My question: How can I execute the same exact command on a set of servers while adding a delay before it's executed on the individual servers?  E.g.: random_delay && service puppet restart  I am interested in the random_delay part of the command.


$$\int_0^{\pi/2}  \ln{(x^2 + \ln^2{(\cos{x})})} \,\mathrm{d}x$$  I was given this integral yesterday by someone on a forum and after a few hours of having a go at it I didn't really get anywhere significant.  My first idea was to use a series of substitutions which would simply the integral into a form where taylor expansions could be used to solve it. Another idea of mine was to use complex numbers to get rid of some of the log terms, changing the $\ln^2{(\cos{x})}$ term could possibly make this integral a lot more manageable.   I'd prefer if someone could help me solve this using basic methods although if there is a more complicated but elegant solution (using contour integration for example) it could still be beneficial to someone else. We don't do the equivalent of Calc III in my school so I am not very familiar with methods which go beyond the Calc II syllabus (DUDIS, Laplace ect..).

How to prove   $$ \int_{0}^{\pi/2}\ln\left(\,x^{2} + \ln^{2}\left(\,\cos\left(\,x\,\right)\,\right) \,\right)\,{\rm d}x\ =\ \pi\ln\left(\,\ln\left(\, 2\,\right)\,\right) $$   I don't know how to answer it.  When I asked this integral to my brother, after less than half hours he said it has a nice closed-form involving $\pi$ and $\ln\left(2\right)$ but, as always, he didn't tell me the closed-form and how to obtain it ( I didn't believe him and I think he tried to mess around with me ).  I have also searched the similar question here but it looks like nothing is similar or related.  Could anyone here please help me to obtain the closed form of the integral preferably with elementary ways ( high school methods )?. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.    Edit:  He is being a little bit nice to me today, he said the closed form is $\pi\ln\ln2$ and it's numerically correct.  This is not a duplicate problem, I am looking for a proof without using complex analysis.


I previously read an answer 4 days ago on how to install  for the new release of Ubuntu 20.04, but haven't been successful installing  using the same technique.    How do I install Paraview 4.4.0 for OpenFoam on Ubuntu 20.04?

I have downloaded tar.gz files. But I don't know how to install it. How do I install this kind of file?


Have tried many things but the package can't be installed, attempted to remove corrupted packages but they were never there. Also tried reconfiguring and force-overwrite] root@chels-5f46dc6b67-7tct5:/var/lib/dpkg/info# apt --fix-broken install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following additional packages will be installed:   nvidia-418 The following NEW packages will be installed:   nvidia-418 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 111 not upgraded. 8 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 97.9 MB of archives. After this operation, 410 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1404/x86_64  nvidia-418 418.126.02-0ubuntu1 [97.9 MB] Get:1 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1404/x86_64  nvidia-418 418.126.02-0ubuntu1 [97.9 MB]               Get:1 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1404/x86_64  nvidia-418 418.126.02-0ubuntu1 [97.9 MB]               Get:1 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1404/x86_64  nvidia-418 418.126.02-0ubuntu1 [97.9 MB]               Get:1 http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1404/x86_64  nvidia-418 418.126.02-0ubuntu1 [97.9 MB] Fetched 71.3 MB in 2min 5s (572 kB/s)  debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 76, <> line 1.) debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline (Reading database ... 128611 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../nvidia-418_418.126.02-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking nvidia-418 (418.126.02-0ubuntu1) ... dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-418_418.126.02-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb (--unpack):  trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libGLX_indirect.so.0', which is also in package libglx-mesa0:amd64 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1 Errors were encountered while processing:  /var/cache/apt/archives/nvidia-418_418.126.02-0ubuntu1_amd64.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

For example:  $ sudo apt-get install curl Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: bsh : Depends: libjline-java but it is not going to be installed groovy : Depends: libjline-java but it is not going to be installed rhino : Depends: libjline-java but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies.   Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).   I get the same or similar errors when I attempt to install clojure1.3, leiningen, and several other packages.   When I try the suggestion made in the error message, this is what happens:  $ sudo apt-get -f install  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:   diffstat linux-headers-3.2.0-26-generic linux-headers-3.2.0-26 dh-apparmor dkms html2text libmail-sendmail-perl libsys-hostname-long-perl Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following extra packages will be installed:   libjline-java Suggested packages:   libjline-java-doc The following NEW packages will be installed:   libjline-java 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. 23 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/72.0 kB of archives. After this operation, 129 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y (Reading database ... 226243 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking libjline-java (from .../libjline-java_1.0-1_all.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libjline-java_1.0-1_all.deb (--unpack):  trying to overwrite '/usr/share/java/jline.jar', which is also in package scala 2.9.2-400 Errors were encountered while processing:  /var/cache/apt/archives/libjline-java_1.0-1_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)  $ sudo apt-get upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies:  bsh : Depends: libjline-java but it is not installed  groovy : Depends: libjline-java but it is not installed  rhino : Depends: libjline-java but it is not installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.


I don't have a good read on whether I'm better holding off to find a smith to sell my vendor trash weapons or whether any merchant will do. Sometimes it seems like payouts are better when it's to the appropriate vendor (books to a book seller, etc.), but I haven't been able to prove it.

I noticed at some point that different merchants don't all pay the same for what you're selling. Depending on the category, or even the specific item, some merchants simply pay significantly more.  Are there some general rules on which merchants pay better for which items?


Trying to run \makeglossaries after I've already compiled the file with pdflatex gives me the error:  **Call to xindy failed*** Check 'settings.glg' for details  In the file  'settings.glg' this is written:  *** Unable to execute: '"xindy"  -L english  -I xindy -M "settings" -t "settings.glg" -o "settings.gls" "settings.glo"' ***  Status report:  This is my code:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage[xindy]{glossaries} \makeglossaries  \newglossaryentry{gloss}{ name=glossaries, description=A package for generating glossaries in many styles }  \begin{document} \texttt{\gls{gloss}} is a great package! \printglossaries \end{document}   Everything works when I use \makeindex (\usepackage{glossaries}), but with the warning. About this warning I've already asked the question .  Could you explain me what I'm doing wrong with xindy?  P.S.  I've installed xindy using this  and made settings for my TeXstudio using .

Obsolete since end of June, 2015.  As probably widely is known, the indexing tool Xindy is not included in the TeX distribution MiKTeX. Because MakeIndex does not work well with Unicode, but Xindy does, I therefore have a question:  Could Xindy installed by hand, and, if yes, how could this be done?


I have a server which is running Ubuntu 18.04 and it is also a worker node for K8s. Sometimes I see that K8s is killing pods on this machine because of disk presseur and when I get df -h --total I can see that 85% (1.5T) of the disk is in use at /:  ~$ df -h --total Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on udev            126G     0  126G   0% /dev tmpfs            26G  5.3M   26G   1% /run /dev/sda2       1.8T  1.5T  276G  85% / tmpfs           126G     0  126G   0% /dev/shm tmpfs           5.0M     0  5.0M   0% /run/lock tmpfs           126G     0  126G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/loop0       90M   90M     0 100% /snap/core/7917 /dev/loop1       90M   90M     0 100% /snap/core/8039 /dev/sdb1       9.8G  203M  9.1G   3% /boot /dev/sdb2       511M  6.1M  505M   2% /boot/efi /dev/sdb3       1.8T  100M  1.7T   1% /home /dev/loop2      128K  128K     0 100% /snap/austin/42 /dev/loop3      3.0M  3.0M     0 100% /snap/micro/648 tmpfs            26G     0   26G   0% /run/user/1001 total           4.0T  1.5T  2.4T  38% -   The problem is when I go to / and get sudo du -BG -s * I can just find 313G of that used data and nothing more:  /$ sudo du -BG -s * 1G  bin 1G  boot 0G  dev 1G  etc 1G  home 0G  initrd.img 0G  initrd.img.old 1G  lib 1G  lib64 1G  lost+found 1G  media 1G  mnt 1G  opt du: cannot access 'proc/22512/task/22580/fdinfo/20': No such file or directory du: cannot access 'proc/45752/task/45752/fd/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access 'proc/45752/task/45752/fdinfo/4': No such file or directory du: cannot access 'proc/45752/fd/3': No such file or directory du: cannot access 'proc/45752/fdinfo/3': No such file or directory 0G  proc 1G  root 1G  run 1G  sbin 1G  snap 1G  srv 9G  swap.img 0G  sys 1G  tmp 3G  usr 313G    var 0G  vmlinuz 0G  vmlinuz.old   How I can find the rest of the data and solve the disk pressure problem?  Update  My problem/question was different from the suggested solution. In that case the problem was deleted files but my problem is docker. I post an answer so I can close this question.

I have a SCSI disk in a server (hardware Raid 1), 32G, ext3 filesytem. df tells me that the disk is 100% full. If I delete 1G this is correctly shown.  However, if I run a du -h -x / then du tells me that only 12G are used (I use -x because of some Samba mounts).  So my question is not about subtle differences between the du and df commands but about how I can find out what causes this huge difference?  I rebooted the machine for a fsck that went w/out errors. Should I run badblocks? lsof shows me no open deleted files, lost+found is empty and there is no obvious warn/err/fail statement in the messages file.  Feel free to ask for further details of the setup.


It's obvious that as you increase the payload of a rocket, you need to also increase the amount of rocket fuel. Yet, as you increase the amount of rocket fuel, you are also increasing the overall mass of the rocket and, therefore, require even more fuel to get the rocket off the ground.  From this observation, one could potentially conclude that as you double the payload of a rocket, you must roughly quadruple its fuel (I am making an assumption here, so correct me if I'm wrong on that one). With that said, is there a theoretical/practical upper limit to the size and payload of a chemical rocket?

I'm curious why rockets are so big in their size. Since both the gravitational potential one need to overcome in order to put thing into orbit, and the chemical energy burned from the fuel, are proportional to the mass, so if we shrink the rocket size, it would seem to be fine to launch satellites. So why not build small rocket say the size of human? I can imagine small rocket would be easier to manufacture in large quantities and easier to transport. And maybe someone can make a business out of small rocket, carrying one's own satellite.


I'm trying to model a lipid bilayer and for the moment have managed to create the main structure (three arrays and one mirror).  The problem is that the overall shape is flat and I'm trying to make it irregular.  The shape of the undeformed array is like this    My objective is to deform the array but without deforming the meshes like this    but keeping the spheres with the same shape.  Something like modifying only the relative location of the individual molecules.  Is there any way to do that?  I'm fairly new to blender and not familiar with all of the modeling techniques.  Thanks!

I create a big grid of objects using 2 array modifier on my original mesh. The resulting objects shall be placed (snap) to another underlaying mesh which is bumpy.  Following the description of shrinkwrap it sounds like the tool to go to, but sadly half of the objects are either to far away from the surface or the meshes get unrecognizably stretched. Is there a way to place those objects without needing to do everything by hand? Preferably with the normals aligning correctly.  "The Shrinkwrap Modifier allows an object to “shrink” to the surface of another object. It moves each vertex of the object being modified to the closest position on the surface of the given mesh (using one of the three methods available)."


I am trying to implement a simple plugin manager using concepts found in . I am implementing it as a template so that I can instantiate different managers for plugins implementing different interfaces.  However, I can't get it to compile.  Here is an extract which demonstrates the problem:  #include <map> #include <string>  template<typename InterfaceType> class PluginManager {  public:     // Map between plugin name and factory function     typedef std::map<std::string, InterfaceType*(*)()> map_type;      static InterfaceType *createInstance(std::string const& plugInName) {         map_type::iterator iter = map().find(plugInName);         if (iter == map().end())             return 0;         return iter->second();     }  protected:     static map_type & map() {         static map_type map;         return map;     }  };  class MyInterface {};  PluginManager<MyInterface> myInterfacePluginManager;  int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { }   When trying to compile it, this is what happens:  $ g++ pimgr_bug.cpp pimgr_bug.cpp: In static member function ‘static InterfaceType* PluginManager<InterfaceType>::createInstance(const std::string&)’: pimgr_bug.cpp:12: error: expected ‘;’ before ‘iter’ pimgr_bug.cpp:13: error: ‘iter’ was not declared in this scope pimgr_bug.cpp:15: error: ‘iter’ was not declared in this scope   It seems to be related to the definition of map_type: if I change it so that the map value type is some concrete class it compiles fine, but with the value type defined as InterfaceType*(*)() or indeed anything related to InterfaceType at all, then it does not work. The map is supposed to hold a mapping between plugin name and pointer to a corresponding factory function.  I am almost certainly missing some basic understanding of template syntax!  Surely is it possible to create a map within a template which holds a type defined by one of the template arguments?  I am using gcc 4.4.7 and unfortunately cannot use C++11 (if that's relevant).  Thanks!

In templates, where and why do I have to put typename and template on dependent names? What exactly are dependent names anyway?    I have the following code:  template <typename T, typename Tail> // Tail will be a UnionNode too. struct UnionNode : public Tail {     // ...     template<typename U> struct inUnion {         // Q: where to add typename/template here?         typedef Tail::inUnion<U> dummy;      };     template< > struct inUnion<T> {     }; }; template <typename T> // For the last node Tn. struct UnionNode<T, void> {     // ...     template<typename U> struct inUnion {         char fail[ -2 + (sizeof(U)%2) ]; // Cannot be instantiated for any U     };     template< > struct inUnion<T> {     }; };   The problem I have is in the typedef Tail::inUnion<U> dummy line. I'm fairly certain that inUnion is a dependent name, and VC++ is quite right in choking on it. I also know that I should be able to add template somewhere to tell the compiler that inUnion is a template-id. But where exactly? And should it then assume that inUnion is a class template, i.e. inUnion<U> names a type and not a function?


6 of my "not an answer" flags were disputed over the night, but the flagged answers are gone.  I'll post some links. Maybe somebody with 10k+ rep can confirm that the answers are deleted:        Why were my flags disputed, but the flagged answers deleted?

I flagged a post and (choose one)   my flag was marked as helpful, yet nothing was done my flag was marked as declined, yet the post was deleted/edited/closed   Why?


How to compare two dates in Java by incrementing Date? String dt = "2008-01-01";  // Start date String et="2008-01-10";  SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance(); Date startDate=sdf.parse(dt); Date  endDate=sdf.parse(et); Date incDate; // dt is now the new date  do {     System.out.println("hey i am called.....");          c.setTime(sdf.parse(dt));     c.add(Calendar.DATE, 1);  // number of days to add     dt = sdf.format(c.getTime());     System.out.println("Incremet Date"+dt);     incDate=sdf.parse(dt); } while(endDate.compareTo(incDate)>=0);

I'm working with a date in this format: yyyy-mm-dd.  How can I increment this date by one day?


I want to move Ubuntu from my 2TB hard drive to a 512GB solid state drive to improve my boot speed. Ubuntu is the only OS I use.   How can I achieve this?

I recently installed an SSD into my machine. The machine itself is a Lenovo thinkpad W520, and it previously had an internal HDD. I moved the internal HDD into an expansion bay (replacing the CD-ROM), and put the new SSD into the internal bay.   The problem I'm having is that I have my Ubuntu configuration EXACTLY the way I want it - I originally spent many hours configuring it to get it to the way it is now. I'd rather not do this again. But, I'd also like the boot-up gains I would get from the OS being on the SSD.  So, what I'd like to do is clone my Ubuntu partition onto the SSD. The catch is that the standard HDD is significantly bigger than the SSD. And it has a windows partition that I don't need on the SSD (I never use Windows, so if it boots off of the other hard drive, that's fine). The layout of my hard drives are as follows:  /dev/sda (SSD):     Model: ATA M4-CT256M4SSD2 (scsi)     Disk /dev/sda: 256GB     Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B     Partition Table: msdos  Number  Start   End    Size   Type     File system  Flags  1      1049kB  147GB  147GB  primary  ext4         boot   /dev/sdb (HDD): Model: ATA ST9500420AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 500GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos  Number  Start   End     Size    Type      File system     Flags  1      1049kB  1259MB  1258MB  primary   ntfs            boot  2      1259MB  269GB   268GB   primary   ntfs  4      269GB   483GB   214GB   extended  5      269GB   416GB   147GB   logical   ext4  7      416GB   475GB   58.9GB  logical   linux-swap(v1)  6      475GB   483GB   8470MB  logical  3      483GB   500GB   16.8GB  primary   ntfs   What I've tried so far:  1) Resizing the partitions /dev/sdb5 and /dev/sda1 to be the same size. 2) Booting into Ubuntu 11.04 (from /dev/sdb5) and running dd if=/dev/sdb5 of=/dev/sda1 (of course this causes problems with booting, so I had to reinstall grub.. I can get it to boot, but then I have problems with initrd not finding some files ... presumably it can't load some partitions I think).  Now, I think those two steps are the wrong approach, because it will clone /dev/sdb5 EXACTLY - including references in fstab which point to the wrong hard drive. I'm not sure exactly how to rectify this. I could install Ubuntu 11.04 onto the SSD, then try and copy over all of my configurations, but I'm concerned that I'm going to lose something, or that I'm going to overwrite something like fstab that points back to the original hard drive.   Note that currently, I can still boot from the HDD, so it's not imperative that I get this figured out right away, but I do want it to be exactly how it is right now, so that I can maintain my current level of productivity (it's a work laptop).  Suggestions on how I might be able to overcome this difficulty?   Thanks in advance!


I want one of my domains (freelawofattractioncourse.com) to point to a page on another site of mine () without causing the URL to change in the visitor's address bar.   In other words, when a user browses to freelawofattractioncourse.com, freelawofattractioncourse.com should remain visible in the address bar, but the screen should show content from  (without the visitor even knowing that katievb.com exists).  My WordPress site is hosted on a Cloudways server.  I'm also using CloudFlare, and I have a "Forwarding" Page Rule set up so that freelawofattractioncourse.com gets bounced to  (but that's not quite what I want because it visibly changes the URL in the address bar of the browser).  Is there a setting in CloudFlare (or some other service) that will allow me to achieve my domain masking goal?  P.S. I don't want to use iframes.  Also, I think that editing htaccess in the following way would achieve my goal:  RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} freelawofattractioncourse.com$ [NC] RewriteRule ^(.*)$ http://katievb.com/freecourse [P]   But  says "mod_proxy must be enabled", and Cloudways (my server provider) won't allow that (and will not let me edit Apache virtual hosts).

This is a  about Apache's mod_rewrite.   Changing a request URL or redirecting users to a different URL than the one they originally requested is done using mod_rewrite. This includes such things as:   Changing HTTP to HTTPS (or the other way around) Changing a request to a page which no longer exist to a new replacement. Modifying a URL format (such as ?id=3433 to /id/3433 ) Presenting a different page based on the browser, based on the referrer, based on anything possible under the moon and sun. Anything you want to mess around with URL   Everything You Ever Wanted to Know about Mod_Rewrite Rules but Were Afraid to Ask!  How can I become an expert at writing mod_rewrite rules?   What is the fundamental format and structure of mod_rewrite rules? What form/flavor of regular expressions do I need to have a solid grasp of? What are the most common mistakes/pitfalls when writing rewrite rules? What is a good method for testing and verifying mod_rewrite rules? Are there SEO or performance implications of mod_rewrite rules I should be aware of? Are there common situations where mod_rewrite might seem like the right tool for the job but isn't? What are some common examples?   A place to test your rules  The  web site is a great place to play around with your rules and test them. It even shows the debug output so you can see what matched and what did not.


Do you have any idea how can i start making a program that will print the following day given from a user input? For example  Input 09-11-2001 /output 10-11-2001  30-09-2001     /    01-10-2001  31-12-1999 / 01-01-2000  The numbers from the day and month will always be double digit form. I have thought of making 3 lists and appending the data to those lists specifially with ":".   Any ideas?

I have a Python  object. What is the best way to subtract one day?


How to add a "star" symbol next to the number of the equation such as y=x+z                 ....       (8*) Thanks

I would like to mark a few equations as special by adding an asterisk (or some other symbol) to the equation number. I accomplish this as follows:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{amsmath}  \newcommand{\markThisEquationSpecial}{\refstepcounter{equation}\tag{{\theequation}*}}  \begin{document} Here is an important equation: \begin{equation}   \label{eq:important}   S_{\text{EH}} = \int \frac{m_{p}^{2}}{2}R \sqrt{-g} d^{4}x\,. \markThisEquationSpecial \end{equation} Here is an unimportant equation: \begin{equation}   \label{eq:unimportant}   S_{\text{M}} = \int \frac{-1}{4}F_{ab}F^{ab} \sqrt{-g} d^{4}x\,. \end{equation}  The unimportant equation is referenced as Eq.~\eqref{eq:unimportant}. The important equation is referenced as Eq.~\eqref{eq:important}. Notice that the asterisk has come along for the ride in the reference. I would like it to appear as Eq.~(1). \end{document}   This appears as follows:   How can I prevent the asterisk for making it into the text for the \ref?  Alternatively, is there some way to put a (*) to the left of the equation, mirroring the location of the equation number (1), as a way of marking an equation as important?


I'm trying to upgrade from 12.04 to 14.04 and am encountering problems. I'm working from 12.04.  Downloaded the 14.04 iso file.  Used the Startup Disc Creator App.  However, when I try to boot from USB, I get a "Boot error" message. I've tried booting with the USB drive in all 4 USB ports.  I've reformatted the USB drive.  I've re-downloaded the iso file.  Keep getting the same results.   Frustrating because it worked fine when I loaded 12.04 using this same procedure on the same computer (Toshiba Satellite with AMD 64 processor).

I tried to use the usb-creator.exe from Ubuntu 10.10 desktop i386 ISO image and it does create an USB stick that doesn't boot. When I try to boot from it I get:     Operating System not found.   I try to do this from Windows 7 x64. I'm not looking to create a live Ubuntu media, only an installation USB disk.  I repeated the process several times and I even tried to reformat the USB drive (FAT32), no success yet.  The USB stick is a 8GB one.


Stack Exchange Data Dump - Mar 2013/Content/readme.txt doesn't describe all post types  Currently it is describes only question and answer types.     - **posts**.xml        - Id         - PostTypeId           - 1: Question           - 2: Answer        - ParentID (only present if PostTypeId is 2)        - AcceptedAnswerId (only present if PostTypeId is 1)        - CreationDate         - ...   The posts.xml contains at least these additional types.   3 orphan tag wiki 4 tag wiki exceprt 5 tag wiki body 6 election nomination 7  WikiPlaceholder      8  PrivilegeWiki

In the  of the SE Data Dump found on  the contents of each site's 7-Zip file is documented.  The fact that the tags.xml is available isn't reflected in the readme.txt.  Please add the following before - **votes**.xml:      - **tags**.xml        - Id        - TagName        - Count        - ExcerptPostId - if an Excerpt is created        - WikiPostId - if an Wiki is created   I've also noticed that at least the PostHistoryTypeId field contain values that more closely match with what is described in  but I only verified that for the posthistory.xml of one site so I'm not 100% sure if I'm correct on that one.   Can the readme.txt be refreshed to depict the current expected content?


Prove (or disprove by example) the following: If $F$ is a field extension of $K$, not necessarily a Galois extension, with $[F:K]=6$ and $\mathrm{Aut}_K F \simeq S_3$, then $F$ must be the splitting field of an irreducible cubic in $K[x]$.   This is a question from a qualifying exam at my university. I think the requirement that the extension be Galois is necessary for this to be true. Like, if $F$ doesn't have to be Galois over $K$, then there must be an example where $F$ isn't a splitting field at all, right? I've yet to come up with such an example though.

If $f(x)$ is an irreducible cubic, then $\operatorname{Gal}(f(x))\cong S_3$ or $A_3$. But what about the converse? That is, if $\operatorname{Gal}(K/F)\cong S_3$, is it necessarily true that $K$ is the splitting field of some irreducible cubic in $F[x]$?


I'd like to count up List's size by element. For example,  List<String> source = Arrays.asList("USA", "USA", "Japan", "China", "China", "USA", "USA");   I'd like to create object (Map) from this source, such as,  int usa_count = result.get("USA").intValue(); // == 4 int javan_count = result.get("Japan").intValue(); // == 1 int china_count = result.get("China").intValue(); // == 2 int uk_count = result.get("UK").intValue(); // == 0 or NPE (both OK)   Now, I composed below.  Map<String, Integer> result = new HashMap<>(); for (String str : source) {     Integer i = result.getOrDefault(str, Integer.valueOf(0));     result.put(str, i + 1); }   Though, this is enough to my purpose, I think this is not elegant code, and I wanna be a elegant coder. I use Java8. Is there any elegant solution instead of my solution?

I have an ArrayList, a Collection class of Java, as follows:  ArrayList<String> animals = new ArrayList<String>(); animals.add("bat"); animals.add("owl"); animals.add("bat"); animals.add("bat");   As you can see, the animals ArrayList consists of 3 bat elements and one owl element. I was wondering if there is any API in the Collection framework that returns the number of bat occurrences or if there is another way to determine the number of occurrences.  I found that Google's Collection Multiset does have an API that returns the total number of occurrences of an element. But that is compatible only with JDK 1.5. Our product is currently in JDK 1.6, so I cannot use it.


He staggers, and the security guard helps him stay on his feet. What makes Loki stagger?

In the Avengers movie, why is Loki sweating and weak when he first arrives on Earth, in the SHIELD base?


I have cretad a menu for edit a form in drupal...  Code:  function pricepackages_menu() {     $items = array();     $items['membership/packages'] = array(         'title' => t('Add Membership Packages'),         'page callback' => 'drupal_get_form',         'page arguments' => array('pricepackages_form'),         'access arguments' => array('access administration pages'),     );     $items['show/packages'] = array(         'title' => t('Manage Membership Packages'),         'page callback' => 'view_packages',         'access arguments' => array('access administration pages'),     );     $items['package/%/edit'] = array(         'title' => 'Edit Membership',         'page callback' => 'drupal_get_form',         'page arguments' => array('pricepackages_form_update'),         'access arguments' => array('access administration pages'),     );     return $items; }   3rd menu is for eidt purpose...  The codd to show form i worte is:  function pricepackages_form_update($form, &$form_state) {     $form['packagename'] = array(         '#type' => 'textfield',         '#title' => 'Package Name',         '#required' => TRUE,     ); }   Please let me know how can get the value of the id in the url :  URL :    I want to get the id 1 from the url and than want to add a select query... please let me know how can i get that value so i can wrote teh select query...  Also do i have to specify a new parameter in the pricepackages_form_update() or not?  Thanks in advance...

What are the fundamentals of implementing hook_menu()?  I would like to see the basics covered in a single question, to avoid having to answer the same similar but different questions over and over.


So, I host a website from home on Ubuntu Server 18.04 with mariadb apache2 and up to date PHP modules. I run UFW and fail2ban. My website is built with WordPress and the admin page is hidden behind a secret slug. SSH is only allowed through the firewall from my IP at work and at home. SSH is running on a non-standard port, root access is not allowed via SSH. (These are my hardening measures) I still see a lot of bad requests in logwatch and would like to gain a better understanding of exactly what is going on. are they trying to see if they can gain access to files via the URL or what? I'm new to a lot of this. Thanks in advance. Note: it says "4 sites" one of the bad requests was from me from an improperly entered slug so I removed my personal IP. Connection attempts using mod_proxy:     163.152.3.141 -> facebook.com:443: 1 Time(s)   A total of 4 sites probed the server     161.35.52.125     61.219.11.153     80.82.70.118   Requests with error response codes     400 Bad Request        /: 5 Time(s)        null: 2 Time(s)        HTTP/1.1: 1 Time(s)     403 Forbidden        /: 1 Time(s)     404 Not Found        /boaform/admin/formLogin: 6 Time(s)        /.env: 2 Time(s)        /app/.env: 2 Time(s)        /Telerik.Web.UI.WebResource.axd?type=rau: 1 Time(s)        /core/.env: 1 Time(s)        /cron/.env: 1 Time(s)        /hudson: 1 Time(s)        /laravel/.env: 1 Time(s)        /owa/auth/logon.aspx?url=https%3a%2f%2f1%2fecp%2f: 1 Time(s)        /portal/redlion: 1 Time(s)        /sitemaps/.env: 1 Time(s)        /student-resources/: 1 Time(s)        /vendor/.env: 1 Time(s)        /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php: 1 Time(s)     408 Request Timeout        null: 34 Time(s)     503 Service Unavailable        /: 22 Time(s)        /%0Anoitcejniflrc%0A%0Dnoitcejniflrc%0Dnoi ... 0Dnoitcejniflrc: 2 Time(s)        /?XDEBUG_SESSION_START=phpstorm: 2 Time(s)        /?a=fetch&content=<php>die(@md5(HelloThinkCMF))</php>: 2 Time(s)        /HNAP1/: 2 Time(s)        /admin//config.php: 2 Time(s)        /index.php: 2 Time(s)        /index.php?s=/Index/\\think\\app/invokefun ... ]=HelloThinkPHP: 2 Time(s)        /solr/admin/info/system?wt=json: 2 Time(s)        /vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/Util/PHP/eval-stdin.php: 2 Time(s)        /TP/html/public/index.php: 1 Time(s)        /TP/index.php: 1 Time(s)        /TP/public/index.php: 1 Time(s)        /api/jsonws/invoke: 1 Time(s)        /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi: 1 Time(s)        /elrekt.php: 1 Time(s)        /html/public/index.php: 1 Time(s)        /phpmyadmin/: 1 Time(s)        /public/index.php: 1 Time(s)        /thinkphp/html/public/index.php: 1 Time(s)        facebook.com:443: 1 Time(s)   ---------------------- httpd End -------------------------

I drop all traffic on ports except on 80 for my web server.  I have some rules like this on iptables:  iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -m string --string "cgi" --algo bm --to 1000 -j DROP   Someone who have more can share? I know always the bad hackers still updating, but some of them always begin with the same code. I need to Drop the connection based on some criteria. Here are some Apache log (I remove ips but each atack come from the same):  Attack 1: This I don't know what are trying to do, but make it 50 times from the same ip  GET / HTTP/1.1  301 224 -   Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686) AppleWebKit/537.22 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/25.0.1364.152 Safari/537.22 GET / HTTP/1.1  302 3387    -   Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686) AppleWebKit/537.22 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/25.0.1364.152 Safari/537.22   Attack 2: this try to get information about server only.  GET / HTTP/1.1  301 224 http://myip:80/ Go-http-client/1.1 GET / HTTP/1.1  302 3228    http mywebsite  Go-http-client/1.1 GET /es/ HTTP/1.1   200 40947   https mywebsite Go-http-client/1.1   Attack 3: they try get access to a login page vulnerability  GET /userlogin/login.aspx HTTP/1.1  302 186 -   -   Attack 4: this try to access a cgi at first request, (see my first iptables rule to drop this)  GET /hndUnblock.cgi HTTP/1.0    302 186 -   Wget(linux) GET /tmUnblock.cgi HTTP/1.0 302 186 -   Wget(linux)   I'm very new with server this 4 attacks are from only last 12 hours... Have thousands per week.


Is there a way to localise content for different markets on a website that only has a single domain and no geo-targeted subfolders or subdomains? For example, I have a website that is a .com TLD, is there a way to localise a blog post taregetd at the US market for the Australian market without creating 2 very similar versions of the same blog post and having them both under one blog/resource hub?

When I set up a site in multiple languages, how should I set up my URLs for search engines and usability?  Let's say my site is www.example.com, and I'm translating into French and Spanish. What is best for usability and SEO?  Directory option:  http://www.example.com/sample.html http://www.example.com/fr/sample.html http://www.example.com/es/sample.html   Subdomain option:  http://www.example.com/sample.html http://fr.example.com/sample.html http://es.example.com/sample.html   Filename option:  http://www.example.com/sample.html http://www.example.com/sample.fr.html http://www.example.com/sample.es.html   Accept-Language header:  Or should I simply parse the  header and generate content server-side to suit that header?  Is there another way to do this? If the different language versions don't have different urls, what do I do about the search engines?    UPDATE 2011-12-06  Google has new recommendations for meta tags for explicitly pointing to other language content: .  UPDATE 2012-05-25  Related but not precisely:   UPDATE 2013-06-12  includes discussion of several URL schemes directly relevant to the question.


I'm trying to increase my resistance to Death Claws. Right now the balance is at a point where the DCs don't quite kill any of my Dwellers, but are able to get them to probably 10% health. They make it through three rooms with the most heavily armed Dwellers I have and then the DCs die.  One way to make sure my Dwellers survive is to maximize their health. I know that in order to reach maximum health you want to . Another way to combat the DCs is to use powerful weapons, which I am collection through exploring as quickly as I can.  My main question is about various S.P.E.C.I.A.L. attributes and whether they have any effect during combat. The Perception training room is full of guns; does high Perception increase chance to hit? Does Strength act like Armour?  Obviously I would have every Dweller at full 10's across the board if I could. But since that takes way too long, what is actually going to help me during combat besides high health?

Besides its workplace uses, like Charisma in Living Quarters, Strength in Power Generators, Agility in Diners.   Do we know if Endurance increases HP in the Dwellers, or that strength helps in melee damage / survivability in the wastelands? And Perception?


I was reading  today and I saw  question. Please take a look at the question and Brevan Ellefsen's answer.  The question asks about taking the derivative of f(x)=x^(2*x^(3*x^(4*x^(5*x^(6*x^(7*x^(...))))))) (looks like SO doesn't support LaTeX)  Brevan Ellefsen didn't really answer the question, but took a numerical approach to the function. Motivated from that answer, I tried to implement the function in Python. I don't have any experience in numerical methods but I really like these kind of coding.  So here is my code:  # Precision is set to 50. def f(k, x):     if (k < 1):         # First argument cannot be less than one.         return -1     try:         temp = 1         for i in xrange(k):             temp = (k-i)*(x**temp)         return temp     except TypeError:         # k should be an integer.         return -1   Now I'm calling the function for k = 4 and x = 0.5 and I'm comparing my function's output with WolframAlpha's output. Here are the results:  0.43854381197983005602480943707632832229137420654297 <-- My output 0.43854381197983004379857027951312617339018977615169 <-- WolframAlpha's output   As you can see, after some point, the ouputs are very different. It's not a very big difference but still enough to make me curious.   Why is this happening? For this part,  one is helpful and I've already seen it months ago, so I'm a little aware of floating number behaviour but I wasn't sure that was the reason in my case when I posted my question in the first place. I will still need help for the following ones anyway. Is my function not working properly?   If so, how should I fix it? If it's OK, which result is more precise? How can I optimize my code?

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


I have a table of contents that is 1 page+1 line long. I would like to squeeze it into one page only.  I know I could add a line to the page (although how?) or to reduce the font size or the space between lines but I would prefer a more general solution. Something I will be able to use also in the future if, say, I will have a situation of 1page+2lines.  Below is what I get now:      EDIT  The question was put on hold. I am not searching for any of the solutions in the suggested link, what I am searching for is a dynamical way of fixing ToC in one page. The accepted solution in the link reduces the vertical space between chapter ToC entries from 1.0em to 0.8em. And it works for one line. I am searching for a general way of adjusting ToC in one page, that will work without me hard coding the vertical space; that is, have TeX calculate the necessary space to shrink by so that the contents are flush with the top and bottom margins.

When I use \tableofcontents I get all my contents in a single page except for a line that goes on the other page, how can I make all in the same page?


I want to know what quarks are made out of for a project for my class. It has always confused on what quarks are.

So atoms are formed from protons and neutrons, which are formed from quarks.  But where do these quarks come from? What makes them?


I have an array in a sub program and I want to re-use that data in a new subprogram. how would I do this?  I have heard about using a dictionary but i am not sure about how to proceed on doing so. The simpler the code the better, thank you.  def optiona():  playernames = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F']  numjudges = 5  playerscores = [] scoresfile = open('scores.txt', 'w')  for players in playernames:     string = []     for z in range(5):         print("Enter score from Judge", z+1, "for Couple ", players, "in round 1:")         data = input()         playerscores.append(int(data))         string.append(data)     scoresfile.write(','.join(string) + '\n')     print() print('Registration complete for round 1') scoresfile.close() round2()  def round2(playerscores):            print(playerscores)   now after this, i get this error TypeError: round2() missing 1 required positional argument: 'playerscores'

What is the best way to go about calling a function given a string with the function's name in a Python program.  For example, let's say that I have a module foo, and I have a string whose content is "bar". What is the best way to call foo.bar()?  I need to get the return value of the function, which is why I don't just use eval. I figured out how to do it by using eval to define a temp function that returns the result of that function call, but I'm hoping that there is a more elegant way to do this.


Is $\mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{2}, \sqrt{3}) = \mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})$ ?    $$\mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{2},\sqrt{3})=\{a+b\sqrt{2}+c\sqrt{3}+d\sqrt{6} \mid a,b,c,d\in\mathbf{Q}\}$$   $$\mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}) = \lbrace a+b(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}) \mid a,b \in \mathbf{Q} \rbrace  $$  So if an element is in $\mathbf Q(\sqrt{2},\sqrt{3})$, then it is in $\mathbf{Q}(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})$, because $\sqrt{6} = \sqrt{2}\sqrt{3}$.  How to conclude from there?

This is Exercise 18.14 from Algebra, Isaacs.  $p_{1}\ ,\ p_{2}\ ,\ ... p_{n}$ are different prime numbers. How to show that $$\mathbb{Q}[\sqrt{p_{1}}, \sqrt{p_{2}}, \ldots, \sqrt{p_{n}} ] = \mathbb{Q}[\sqrt{p_{1}}+ \sqrt{p_{2}}+\cdots + \sqrt{p_{n}}] \quad ?$$  First we can note that the Galois group of the first extension over $\mathbb{Q}$ ( which I call $E$ ) is elementary abelian of order $2^{n}$, so we can prove that the orbit of $\sqrt{p_{1}}+\sqrt{p_{2}}+ ... + \sqrt{p_{n}}$ under $\operatorname{Gal}(E/\mathbb{Q})$ contains $2^{n}$ elements, but how to do so?


I hold a Nigerian Passport and I was invited to Netherlands for a final set of interviews. I have completed 4 stages of interview already but I was refused with the first time with this reason "Justifications for the purpose and conditions of the intended stay was not provided".   After the first denial, the company called the embassy to ask why and they were advised to provide a cover letter to the embassy detailing the purpose of my visit. This was provided together with the company's registration document for my second application. So I submitted the following to justify my case:  -Invitation from the company to me  -Cover letter to the embassy  -The company's registration document  After a week, I also got an email from the visa office asking for an introduction from my current company which I sent back the same day. But I was surprised to be denied a second time for the same reason "Justifications for the purpose and conditions of the intended stay was not provided".  Please advise, what can I do next? Will an appeal affect my chances if I do?

Schengen refusal formulae can be difficult to understand sometimes.    When an applicant receives a refusal with "Justification for the purpose and conditions of the intended stay was not provided", what does it mean?


I'm pretty new to QGIS (2.14.3) and am half way between singing its praises and hitting my head against the desk. I've been having a particularly vexing problem recently with a map I've created.  In the image (Fig 1) below you will see that I'm mapping out rivers and riparian areas. I'm projecting into WGS84/Pseudo Mercator.   (1) What I can't understand is that it appears like the OpenLayers image in the background has shifted when the jpg file is being made. In fact if you look closely, neither the full map nor the overview map is in the correct (or even the SAME) position. However, in the print composer (Fig 2) the image and layers line up perfectly.  (2) The buffer I've created (yellow and red line) should look like it does in the overview map however if you look in the full map where I've zoomed into a particular section, you'll see that it suddenly cuts across from north-west to south-east on the right-hand side of the map. Nothing I do has corrected this, including remaking the layers. This problem seems to persist in print composer, QGIS and the jpeg files. [Edit] There is also mean to be a bridge displayed in red but that doesn't seem to show in the print composer or JPEG either.  Fig 1: Jpeg file   Fig 2: Print composer view   Am I missing something? Or is this just a freak event? I'm very close to just taking a screenshot of the Print Composer and using that at the moment.

I'm having trouble with the OpenLayers Plugin of Qgis and the map composer:  If I create an OSM-background layer and if I want to export this, the OSM-Layer looks perfectly all right in the normal qgis program window. But in the map composer and after export the layer has shifted relatively to my other shape layers (EPSG:32633 - WGS 84 / UTM zone 33N).  The second thing is that the output resolution of the exported osm-layer is very, very poor.   A really bad way of getting around this whole trouble would be to increase the screen resolution and make a screenshot of the map composition window of qgis. But I don't think this would be very professional. It also would cause a lot of pain :)   I'm using Qgis 1.8.0-Lisboa under Linux. The openlayers plugin is version 0.92.


When my Ubuntu 12.04 installed on the old HP PC Compact refused the 'Shut down'/'Restart' command as a result of e.g. unsaved files in gedit and stopped running the system menu (my  formulation before July 2015 stated misleadingly 'freezed'), I briefly press the power button at the computer case, as I was used to in Windows. This will bring up a dialog Ubuntu "Shut Down" and it works like if I clicked on the "Shut Down" system menu. (This is probably set in the "setup" BIOS.) Until now, I have not observed any problems resulting from the procedure. Is the procedure OK generally? (I use it with a particular old hardware that is not certified for Ubuntu.)

Some times my laptop gets stuck due to excessive usage of RAM when I open bulky applications. So if it does not respond I shut down the laptop using the power button. Does this damage Ubuntu in any way? Can it give rise to security problems or vulnerabilities?


My iPhone 4 is at iOS 7. I try to update it but it says the phone is up to date. How do I change that? I want the newest iOS version.

I want to download the latest iOS version for offline restore for my iPhone 4. I want to know what is the latest iOS version and how can I download it?


I'm new to programming with Python. I'd like to set a variable for the Python requests method (.get, .post, etc.). Something like: import requests  method = 'get' url = 'https://google.com'  response = requests.method(url)  This of course results in an error because requests does not have a .method option. It feels like the answer lies with getattr, but I don't understand what parameters to pass getattr. Any advice? Thank you


hi everyone I am a newbie to latex and i'm stck in making an organigram with tikz package can anyone help please

How can I align the nodes of the following tikz organigram?  \documentclass[10pt,letterpaper]{article} \usepackage[margin=0.5cm, hmargin=0.5cm,vmargin=0.5cm]{geometry} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{pgfplots} \usetikzlibrary{trees} \begin{document} \begin{center} \begin{tikzpicture}[auto, node distance = 1cm, thick, every node/.style = {rectangle, font = \sffamily, white,   top color = blue!90!black, bottom color = blue!60!black, text width = 3.5cm, align = center, minimum height = 1cm}] \node (MAN) {\textbf{Adam Smith}\\CEO}; \node (PROD) [below left = 5cm of MAN] {\textbf{John Doe}}; \node (FIN)     [below = 3cm of MAN]  {\textbf{Steve Sanders}}; \node (RRHH) [below right = 5cm of MAN] {\textbf{Mike Donovan}}; \draw [blue,thick]  (MAN) -- (FIN)  (MAN) -| (PROD)  (MAN) -| (RRHH);  \end{tikzpicture} \end{center} \end{document}   I tried to modify the node distance and the node position but they never align properly, the position is never at the same level and the separation between the levels and the nodes is very wide.  Thanks in advance for your time!


I want to draw some grids using tikz but some of them don't shown the left vertical boundary. Currently I have to decrease the coordinate of the left boundary a little to make it work, say, change 6 to 5.9999.   Why is this happening? Some kind of numerical issues?  \documentclass[]{article} \usepackage{tikz}  \begin{document}  \begin{tikzpicture} \node[] at (1,-0.5) {Type 1}; \draw[step=0.4cm] (0,0) grid (2,2);  \node[] at (3.8,-0.5) {Type 2}; \draw[step=0.4cm] (3.2,0) grid (4.4,2);  \node[] at (6.4,-0.5) {Type 3}; \draw[step=0.4cm] (6,0) grid (6.8,1.2);  \node[] at (8.6,-0.5) {Type 4}; \draw[step=0.4cm] (8,0) grid (9.2,1.2); \node[] at (12,-0.5) {Type 5}; \draw[step=0.4cm] (11.2,0) grid (12.8,1.6); \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}

As in , the code  \draw[step=0.5cm,color=gray] (-1,-1) grid (1,1);   gives me a nice finite 4x4 grid. But when I choose a different starting point, like  \draw[step=0.5cm,color=gray] (2,2) grid (4,4);   then the left and the bottom border of the grid disappears. What is the problem and how can I fix it so that I have all the borders? I know I can draw a rectangle there, but I assume there is some cleaner solution.


We all know that Thanos wants to wipe out half of the universe's lives.      At the end of Infinity War: He snaps his fingers and succeeds in  wiping half of the universe.    How consistent is Marvel with that information? Do only 50% of the  main cast gets wiped out?

How many named characters have died       and/or disintegrated      by the end of Avengers: Infinity War. It is difficult to speculate who died on         Xandar and the Asgardian ship.       So restrict it to on-screen deaths only.


What is the difference between the printf function in bash and the echo function?  Specifically, running:  echo "blah" >/dev/udp/localhost/8125   did not send the "blah" command to the server listening on 8125, whereas  printf "blah" >/dev/udp/localhost/8125   sent the data. Does printf send an extra EOF at the end of its output?

I have heard that printf is better than echo. I can recall only one instance from my experience where I had to use printf because echo didn't work for feeding some text into some program on RHEL 5.8 but printf did.  But apparently, there are other differences, and I would like to inquire what they are as well as if there are specific cases when to use one vs the other.


Compute $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty} H_n-H_{\frac{n}{2}}$ where $H_n=\sum_{i=1}^n\frac{1}{i}$.   Alternatively, we can rewrite $H_n-H_{\frac{n}{2}}$ as $\sum_{i=\frac{n}{2}+1}^n\frac{1}{i}$ if this form is easier to manipulate.  I really have no idea where to begin with this problem. Any help/hints would be greatly appreciated!

Prove that : $\displaystyle \lim_{n\to \infty} \frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{1}{n+2}+\frac{1}{n+3}+\cdots+\frac{1}{2n}=\ln 2$    the only thing I could think of is that it can be written like this :  $$ \lim_{n\to \infty} \sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{k+n} =\lim_{n\to \infty} \frac{1}{n} \sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{\frac{k}{n}+1}=\int_0^1 \frac{1}{x+1} \ \mathrm{d}x=\ln 2$$  is my answer right ? and are there any other method ?(I'm sure there are)


Why the solution of this limit: $$\lim_{x\to\infty}-x+\sqrt{x^2+x} $$ is $\frac{1}{2}$?  I tried to do De L'hopital to $$\frac{-x^2+x\sqrt{x^2+x}}{x}$$ but whitout success.

Given this question $$\lim_{x\to{\infty}} (x-\sqrt{x^2+x})$$  Find the limit  Work so far...:  $$\lim_{x\to{\infty}} \frac{x^2-x^2-x}{x+\sqrt{x^2+x}}$$  $$\lim_{x\to{\infty}} \frac{-x}{x+\sqrt{x^2+x}} $$  Would the easiest way to proceed to be dividing bottom and top by $x$?  If so then is this attempt correct?:  $$\lim_{x\to{\infty}}  \frac{-1}{1+\sqrt{x+\frac1x}}$$  $$\lim_{x\to{\infty}}\frac{-1}{1+\sqrt\infty} $$  Something is wrong there..


I am working on this improper integral,   $$\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{e^{-x^2}-e^{-x}}{x}dx$$  First, I separate the integral into two pieces, I have   $$\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{e^{-x^2}}{x}dx -\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{e^{-x}}{x}dx=I_1+I_2$$  I know that $I_2$ can use double integral,   $$ I_2=\int_0^\infty  \int _1^\infty e^{-tx}  dt dx = \int _1^\infty \frac{1}{t}dt $$  $$ \int_0^\infty   (\frac{e^{-tx}}{-x}) \Bigg|_{1}^\infty   dx = \int_1^\infty \frac{1}{t}dt =\ln t \Bigg|_{1}^{\infty}=\infty$$  But I don't know how to do $I_1$, can someone give me a hit or suggestion?  Thanks!

I got a clock as a gift recently. It has a very novel face in that the hour positions are given by a complex formula. For the most part, I have been able to verify the calculations presented as accurate, but the two o'clock identity has me stumped.  $$ \frac{\gamma}{\displaystyle{\int_0^\infty\frac{e^{-x^2}-e^{-x}}{x}\,dx}} $$  I know that $\gamma$ is the . And WolframAlpha tells me that $\int_0^\infty\frac{e^{-x^2}-e^{-x}}{x}\,dx=\frac{\gamma}{2}$ which  makes sense because  $$ \frac{\gamma}{\displaystyle{\int_0^\infty\frac{e^{-x^2}-e^{-x}}{x}\,dx}}=\frac{\gamma}{\displaystyle{\frac{\gamma}{2}}}=2 $$  It is not clear how I would show $\int_0^\infty\frac{e^{-x^2}-e^{-x}}{x}\,dx=\frac{\gamma}{2}$. Could anyone shed some light on this or point me to a source (book, article, etc...) where I can read up on this. The usual internet (listed above) resources have not been helpful to me.


[ I think this question here was originally too unclear. because I was still researching and figuring out exactly what I wanted to ask when I posted it. I edited it a few times, but I think my editing has changed the question enough that it's no longer clearly the same question as when I first posted it, so I decided I should probably post . ]  I make sauerkraut with 20 grams of salt per kilogram of cabbage.  Is the proportion different for pickling lemons/limes? I would guess maybe lower because of the citric acid already there...? I found  saying 5~10% for "North-African style", which is what I think I'm going for. (I used to get them at Morrocan stores, but the city I live in now doesn't have any.)  But if that "5~10%" is really by weight in the same way, then that's a lot more than the 2% for sauerkraut, which is surprising and confusing.  Also, I don't add any water to my sauerkraut, but maybe that's necessary for lemons/limes? In which case I would just salt the water at the same salt/water ratio as the salt/fruit, I assume?  The ones I used to get, I'm not sure, but I think they used .

I want to make Morrocan-stye pickled lemons, but I was only able to find , and it says:  In On Food and Cooking, Harold McGee suggests that a solution of five to 10% salt is needed to achieve a good North African-style preserved lemon  I make sauerkraut with 20 grams of salt per kilogram of cabbage, so 2%. So lemons taking much more salt than cabbage is surprising and confusing; since they start out acidic, I would expect them if anything to require less salt. I'm not worried about harmful microbes growing; I'm worried about the fermentation microbes not being able to grow. It's my understanding that higher salt concentrations with cabbage not only slow down fermentation, but actually .  had the same issues:  I've never quite understood the need for such excessive salting when making preserved lemons. They still ferment great at normal levels of salt, and you then need to worry less about them being overly salty to use in future recipes. As far as I can tell it's solely from tradition. Also, from checking out On Food and Cooking, it seems that McGee only points out that originally they are done with 5 to 10% salt content. I'm curious where you read/saw that he recommended such?  Does anyone have any text- and/or experience-based opinion agreeing or disagreeing with the "5 to 10%" figure?


I'm writing a program in which I need the program to verify if there is new content in a file. If the file HAS content, but the content has already been viewed previously by the user, it doesn't count as a notification, but if it is new, it is shown to the user. How do I do this?

I have a log file being written by another process which I want to watch for changes. Each time a change occurs I'd like to read the new data in to do some processing on it.  What's the best way to do this? I was hoping there'd be some sort of hook from the PyWin32 library. I've found the win32file.FindNextChangeNotification function but have no idea how to ask it to watch a specific file.  If anyone's done anything like this I'd be really grateful to hear how...  [Edit] I should have mentioned that I was after a solution that doesn't require polling.  [Edit] Curses! It seems this doesn't work over a mapped network drive. I'm guessing windows doesn't 'hear' any updates to the file the way it does on a local disk.


I'm trying to express   $$A = \left[ \begin{array} { r r r } { 2 } & { - 2 } & { - 4 } \\ { - 1 } & { 3 } & { 4 } \\ { 1 } & { - 2 } & { - 3 } \end{array} \right]$$  as the sum of a symmetric and a skew symmetric matrix.  So far I have tried this:  converting into transpose  $A ^ { \prime } = \left[ \begin{array} { c c c } { 2 } & { - 1 } & { 1 } \\ { - 2 } & { 3 } & { 4 } \\ { - 4 } & { 4 } & { - 3 } \end{array} \right]$  well this dont seem to be symmteric matrix according to me. are there steps to be taken.   and for skew symmteric matrix i tried to do like this   transpose of equation  $A ^ { \prime } = \left[ \begin{array} { c c c } { 2 } & { - 1 } & { 1 } \\ { - 2 } & { 3 } & { 4 } \\ { - 4 } & { 4 } & { - 3 } \end{array} \right]$  took minus as common  $A ^ { \prime } = \left[ \begin{array} { c c c } { - 2 } & { 1 } & { - 1 } \\ { 2 } & { - 3 } & { 2 } \\ { 4 } & { - 4 } & { 3 } \end{array} \right]$  can you guide me how to proceed with them

How can I proof the following statement?     Any $n \times n$ matrix $A$ can be written as a sum   $$   A = B + C $$   where $B$ is symmetric and $C$ is skew-symmetric.   I tried to work out the properties of a matrix to be symmetric or skew-symmetric, but I could not prove this. Does someone know a way to prove it?  Thank you.  PS: The question  may be similiar, in fact gives a hint to a solution, but if someone does not mind in expose another way, our a track to reach to what is mentioned in the question of the aforementioned link.


Why cp --preserve=links doesn't work? I want to copy some symbolic links.From man page:     --preserve[=ATTR_LIST]   preserve the specified attributes (default: mode,ownership,timestamps),   if possible additional attributes: context, links, xattr, all*   On my CentOS 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64,it doesn't work.  Following is my steps:  [root@ beau]# ls -l total 4 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 Dec 2 21:49 bar.txt -> foo/bar.txt drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 2 21:41 foo [root@ beau]# cp --preserve=links bar.txt bar1 [root@ beau]# ls -l total 4 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 0 Dec 2 23:08 bar1 lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 11 Dec 2 21:49 bar.txt -> foo/bar.txt drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Dec 2 21:41 foo   My questions is :Why the option '--preserve=links' doesn't work?

I'm trying to understand what cp --preserve=links does when used by itself,  from my tests it seems that it copies a normal file normally and dereferences symlinks, but it seems like it just has the same effect as cp -L when used on a single file.  Is that true or is there something I'm missing?


My code will not execute from line 29 onwaard. I am beginner in java and do not know about exception handling and can not handle the NULL pointer exception thrown. Is there a way other than exception handling or there is flaw in my code?  public static void run(int a){         Scanner scanf = new Scanner(System.in);     switch (a) {             case 1:                 int i=0;                 int q=0;                 while(i!=5 || q!=-99999){                 System.out.println("Enter Student Name");                 String x = scanf.nextLine();                 student[i].setName(x);                 System.out.println("Enter Registration Number");                 String z = scanf.nextLine();                 student[i].set_RegistrationNo(z);                 System.out.println("Enter -99999 to exit");                 i++;                  q =scanf.nextInt();                 }                 break;             case 2:                 System.out.println("Which Record do you want to change?\n 1.Name 2.Registration Number");                 int y=scanf.nextInt();                 if(y==1){                     System.out.println("Enter Student Name");                     student[y].setName(null);                     String x = scanf.nextLine();                     student[y].setName(x);                 }                 else if(y==2)                 {                     student[y].set_RegistrationNo(null);                     System.out.println("Enter Student Registration Number");                     String z=scanf.nextLine();                     student[y].set_RegistrationNo(z);                 }                 question();                 break;             case 3:                 System.out.println("Enter record you want to delete");                 int k=scanf.nextInt();                 student[k].setName(null);                 student[k].set_RegistrationNo(null);                 question();                 break;             case 4:                 System.out.println("Enter record you want to view/search");                 int c=scanf.nextInt();                 System.out.println("Name is");                 student[c].getName();                 System.out.println("Registration number is");                 student[c].get_registrationNo();                 question();                 break;             case 5:                 for(int r=0;r<5;r++){                     System.out.printf("Name of Student %d\n",r);                     student[r].getName();                     System.out.printf("Registration Number of Student %d\n", r);                     student[r].get_registrationNo();                 }                  question();                 break;             case 6:                 break;         }     } }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


As stated in the title, I need to prove that $\gcd(n^2+n ; n+2) = 1$ or $2.$ What I have tried: -let $d = \gcd(n^2+n ; n+2)$ $$\implies \begin{cases} d \mid n^2+n \\ d\mid n+2 \end{cases}$$ $$\implies \begin{cases} d \mid n(n+1)   & \quad \text{product of 2 consecutive numbers} \\ d\mod n+2 \end{cases}$$ $d \mid n(n+1) \implies d\mid 2  \quad \text{because product of 2 consecutive numbers is always even}$ now idk how I prove that $d\mid 2 \quad and\quad d\mid n+2$ I'm just bad at number theory, thanks for help in advance.

We have $\alpha=2n^3-14n+2$ and $\beta=n+3$,  How can we prove that the $\gcd(\alpha,\beta)=\gcd(\beta,10)$,  and what are the possible values for this $\gcd$.


I saw the question asked in  but I believe I correctly called my layouts in order then interacted with the Activity/Fragment's views.  My issue is when I initialized a variable inside a constructor, I tested it for it's null status and it turns out fine... until the app continues into another method, then it magically becomes null again... Maybe there's some other Android technicality that is crashing my program that I don't know about?  ServiceStatusFragment (is the entry point of the program, gets loaded from MainActivity)  public class ServiceStatusFragment extends Fragment { private final String LOG_TAG = getTag(); private static final String ARG_SECTION_NUMBER = "section_number";  private View rootView; private ListView listView;  private ServiceStatus serviceStatus;  private PopulateList populateList;  public static ServiceStatusFragment newInstance(int sectionNumber) { //gets called when app starts     ServiceStatusFragment fragment = new ServiceStatusFragment();     Bundle args = new Bundle();     args.putInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER, sectionNumber);     fragment.setArguments(args);     return fragment; }  public ServiceStatusFragment() { }  @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); }  @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,                          Bundle savedInstanceState) {     rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);      listView = (ListView)rootView.findViewById(R.id.status_list);      listView.setAdapter(new StatusListAdapter(rootView.getContext())); //sets up adapter, pass in context     return rootView; }  @Override public void onAttach(Activity activity) {     super.onAttach(activity);     ((MainActivity) activity).onSectionAttached(             getArguments().getInt(ARG_SECTION_NUMBER)); }   StatusListAdapter  public class StatusListAdapter extends BaseAdapter { private final String LOG_TAG = StatusListAdapter.class.getSimpleName();  private Context c; private ServiceStatus serviceStatus = new ServiceStatus();  public StatusListAdapter(Context c){     this.c = c;     Serializer serializer = new Persister();     try {         //deserialize XML as per Simple XML java library         serviceStatus = serializer.read(ServiceStatus.class, c.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.servicestatus));     } catch (Exception e) {         e.printStackTrace();     }      //DEBUG STUFF, (none of this gets displayed to logcat)     if(serviceStatus == null)         System.out.println("NULL BITCH!!");     if(c.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.servicestatus) == null)         System.out.println("FILE  NULL HOE!!"); }  @Override public int getCount() {     return serviceStatus.getSubways().size(); //Logcat shows NullPointerException!?!?? }  @Override public Object getItem(int position) {     return serviceStatus.getSubways().get(position); }  @Override public long getItemId(int position) {     return 0; }  static class StatusRowItemHolder {     TextView lineText;     TextView statusText;     TextView dateTimeText; }  //TODO: Check efficiency, doesn't seem right in teh logcatz. Getting Tags, then inflating views? @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {     StatusRowItemHolder srih;      //some view initialization stuff...      return convertView; }   LogCat shows the serviceStatus variable I initialized in the constructor is null when the adapter's getCount() method is called, why is that?  Logcat (not showing correctly on here)


I got thjis ultra simple formula in cell F2 = F1-E2+D2. it is simply to calculate balance of an account from debit and credit amounts : old new balance = old balance - debit + credit  But, if F1 = n,  E2 = n and D2 = 0, formula should return 0 but it returns 5,6843418860808E-14 instead.... Excel is able to correctly tell me that F1 = E2 is true...  I probably can do a workaround using round or other trunc fucntions but...   IT IS CLEARLY A BUG... and inmpossible to tell MS as I do not have any support plan.. :( that sucks

It's supposed to be zero but for some reason the result produces a peculiar series of digits at the end.  Also, here's the .xlsx of it: http://83.212.111.36/Book1.xlsx


This is probably a stupid and simple question, but does the heisenberg uncertainty principle set this upper bound? That knowledge of the momentum is limited, so it can't reach a very low value and thus have a very large (visible) debroglie wavelength? I am figuring if you wanted to test this on a macroscopic particle you would need it frozen to near-absolute zero, but I assume QM comes in and makes it impossible to see visible wavelengths with the naked eye. Thanks!

Many introductory quantum mechanics textbooks include simple exercises on computing the de Broglie wavelength of macroscopic objects, often contrasting the results with that of a proton, etc.  For instance, this example, taken from a textbook:     Calculate the de Broglie wavelength for      (a) a proton of kinetic energy 70 MeV      (b) a 100 g bullet moving at 900 m/s   The pedagogical motivation behind these questions is obvious: when the de Broglie wavelength is small compared to the size of an object, the wave behaviour of the object is undetectable.  But what is the validity of the actual approach of applying the formula naively? Of course, a 100g bullet is not a fundamental object of 100g but a lattice of some $10^{23}$ atoms bound by the electromagnetic force. But is the naive answer close to the actual one (i.e. within an order of magnitude or two)? How does one even calculate the de Broglie wavelength for a many body system accurately?


Why am i not able to get access to protected members of myclass when i am using auto_ptr ?  auto_ptr<myclass> aptr_myclass( new myclass ); aptr_peercfg->name=func(_name); aptr_peercfg->lastname=func(_lastname);  class myclass{ protected:   std::string                      name;   std::string                      lastname; }

What is the difference between private and protected members in C++ classes? I understand from best practice conventions that variables and functions which are not called outside the class should be made private—but looking at my MFC project, MFC seems to favor protected. What's the difference and which should I use?


What is the easiest way to convert current local time and date in format YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm:ss to UTC format in time package of Python? I'm using the following to obtain current time:  import time time.strftime("%Y") + "-" + time.strftime("%m") + "-" + time.strftime("%d") + " " + time.strftime("%H") + ":" + time.strftime("%M") + ":" + time.strftime("%S")

How do I convert a datetime string in local time to a string in UTC time?  I'm sure I've done this before, but can't find it and SO will hopefully help me (and others) do that in future.  Clarification:  For example, if I have 2008-09-17 14:02:00 in my local timezone (+10), I'd like to generate a string with the equivalent UTC time: 2008-09-17 04:02:00.  Also, from , note that in general this isn't possible as with DST and other issues there is no unique conversion from local time to UTC time.


We all know that light has no mass at all. Yet we say that the gravitational pull of a Blackhole within Schwarzschild radius doesn't let light to pass. If the light has no mass, how can it experience the force? Secondly, does this phenomena suggest the particle nature of light?

I understand that a black hole bends the fabric of space time to a point that no object can escape.   I understand that light travels in a straight line along spacetime unless distorted by gravity. If spacetime is being curved by gravity then light should follow that bend in spacetime.  In Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, the mass of both objects must be entered, but photon has no mass, why should a massless photon  be affected by gravity in by Newton's equations?  What am I missing?


I'm using C# to develop a windows forms application and I required to store certain values (Ex: UserID and Role), in order to use them again in various forms throughout the application. The User ID and the Role will be changed with each login.  So tried using static classes.  To test it out first, I did the following.  Created "Form1" with a textbox and a button.  using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms;  namespace WindowsFormsApplication3 {     public partial class Form1 : Form     {         public Form1()         {             InitializeComponent();         }          private void btnDisplay_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             common.text = textBox1.Text;              Form2 obj = new Form2();             obj.Show();         }     } }   Then created "Form 2" with only a label.  using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks; using System.Windows.Forms;  namespace WindowsFormsApplication3 {     public partial class Form2 : Form     {         public Form2()         {             InitializeComponent();         }          private void Form2_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)         {             label1.Text = common.text;          }     } }   And to interconnect these two forms, created the following class.  using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks;  namespace WindowsFormsApplication3 {      public static class common     {          public static string text                     {             get             {                 return text;             }             set             {                 text = value;             }          }     } }   The purpose was to see if the label text on form2 would change when clicked on the button after entering text into the textbox in form1.  When running the code, the following error was thrown. Displays that this is thrown from the "set" method of the class.  An unhandled exception of type 'System.StackOverflowException' occurred in WindowsFormsApplication3.exe    If anyone could provide any clarity on this, it would be highly appreciated.  Thanks in advance.

I know java and would normally put in getter/setter methods. I am interested in doing it in C# with the following code, but it throws a StackOverflow exception. What am I doing wrong?  Calling Code  c.firstName = "a";   Property Code    public String firstName; {     get     {         return firstName;     }     set     {         firstName = value;     } }


The small, hot, dense early universe the size of an atom was made up entirely of energy, it wasn't until after the expansion began and the universe cooled down some of that energy began converting into the first atomic nuclei.   This quote seems a little dubious but I think this is worth asking anyway: Can someone explain the atomic process, if it even exists, of how this would work to convert energy in to matter, and what form of energy was initially present, and what is required to cause this change?

I understand the energy and mass can change back and forth according to Einstein. It is fluid; it can go from one to the other. So, what keeps mass from just turning into energy? Is there some force holding a subatomic particle together? What keeps mass in it's state? I hope this is not a silly question but I am clueless. Thanks


Whenever I bake something I use the convection bake setting of my GE range because the fan is supposed to make for more even baking. The range also has a 'bake' setting. I'm just wondering why would I ever want to use 'bake', the setting without the fan and supposedly uneven heat? Interestingly, there is a 'convection roast' setting but no corresponding 'roast' setting!

Are there any general rules to follow when choosing between bake and fan bake to cook something in the oven? What effect does each have and what are the advantages and disadvantages of both?


So I exported this material( The one in the picture) for blender to unreal engine but when I exported the fbx file in ue4. When I applied the material to a plane well it was just a black material they was nothing showing up. Could someone help me please.

I used node textures in a mesh I exported to .FBX.  I then imported it into Unreal Engine 4 and it didn't import any textures; I clicked the Upload Textures option in Unreal Engine.  Is there something I'm doing wrong or is it Blender?


I'm looking for a story about an ark on land where the people who live in the ark are pulling the ark along.  If they travel forward of the ark, time speeds up, if they travel in a reverse direction to the ark, time slows down.

I read a very special book a few years back. We follow a boy who lives in a world where, if one moves far enough in a direction, that person gets distended and changed in size.   The boy works on laying tracks for the train, on which his city is. The city has to continually keep moving or it also will get squashed.   It's like a world like if one end is pinched and then dragged out like a piece of rubber string or bubble gum.   The book is not older than 10 years I think.  Hope I was clear enough...


This is what happens when I launch the terminal  There was an error creating a child process So I have been using the Ubuntu terminal on my raspberry pi 4 model b 8gb with Ubuntu for a couple moths when Ubuntu 20.10 came out for the pi But now I have a problem where I launch the terminal and it gives that message. I have gone for alternatives and tried to fix it but all the solution where outdated or there where on a different distro and the Ubuntu commands did not fix because it only triggers when they did a certain command.

This is what happens when I launch the terminal  There was an error creating a child process  So I have been using the Ubuntu terminal on my Raspberry Pi 4 model B 8 GB with Ubuntu for a couple moths when Ubuntu 20.10 came out for the Pi. But now I have a problem where I launch the terminal and it gives that message. I have gone for alternatives and tried to fix it but all the solutions were outdated or they were on a different distro. Also the Ubuntu commands did not fix the issue because it only triggers upon a certain command.


I have difficulty in understanding the axiomatic approach of set theory and i decided to study logic.After seeing some lectures on set theory my doubt grown up like a beast.  So please  suggest me some good books in logic and in set theory which will help me understand what the concepts are.ALSO SUGGEST ME SOME GOOD VIDEO LECTURES IF AVAILABLE.  Thanks in advance.

I am looking to study mathematical logic, however, I find that introductory books are very daunting, which kind of disheartens me. You see, slowly but surely, I started to realize that the maths which I have learned did not just pop out of thin air, but is a collection of systems, which must of been developed via some other system, i.e, maths did not develop itself.  So I began to look into the origins of mathematics, and read that it was developed via a type of logic, which exists sort of by 'default', via a set of axioms, and then of course I looked up the definition of axioms.   So given that I'd be studying a type of logic whose origins are self evident axioms, naturally I believed there would be no prerequisites. However, in looking up mathematical logic, I have come across things such as Boolean algebra, sets, first order logic, some other type of logic, called 'traditional logic', as well as references to a sort of calculus, though not in a mathematical sense, I think.  So all in all, I am trying to develop a type of mental spider web, and I am trying to find out the strands which lye at the absolute bounds so that I may learn this mystique logic. Though I have no idea where to start.  Side note: This is the book I have started reading:   Credit goes to Wolfgang Rautenberg.


I have array checkbox (category) and I want to display list of checkbox size if one of them is being checked. I have already made the JavaScript but it didn't work out. Here's my code: View @foreach ($categories as $category)
     <input class="category mb-0" id="category" name="category[]" type="checkbox" value="{{ $category->id }}" onChange="this.form.submit()"    @if (in_array($category->id, $checkedCat)) checked @endif>   {{ $category->name }}
 @endforeach
 //List of size checkbox
  JavaScript $("#category").on('change', function() {  if($('input[name="category[]"]:checked'))  {     $(".sizefilter").show();  } else  {     $(".sizefilter").hide();  } });

How can I check the existence of an element in jQuery?  The current code that I have is this:  if ($(selector).length > 0) {     // Do something }   Is there a more elegant way to approach this? Perhaps a plugin or a function?


Do we ever see a human in Star Wars wearing glasses or other visible, non-mask vision-correcting devices?  I know that Vader and the StormTroopers see augmented vision displays inside their helmets, but that's not what I mean.

Does anyone in The Galaxy Far Far Away wear eyeglasses? (specifically to correct for bad vision, NOT sunglasses or some special optics designed to enhance you natural senses ala whatever optics Vader's suit or Mandalorian armor provided).  (this arose out of random comment in Chat)  The question is mostly for G-canon, though I'll accept answers from T-/C- canons