I'm new to Java and I want to execute a method corresponding to a String I receive. In Python I would just do this   myString = "create" options = {     "create": self.create,     "delete": self.delete,     "list_jobs": self.list_jobs } options[myString]()   Is this possible in Java?

If I have two variables:  Object obj; String methodName = "getName";   Without knowing the class of obj, how can I call the method identified by methodName on it?  The method being called has no parameters, and a String return value. It's a getter for a Java bean.


I have a requirement that i want to fetch the list of all the users whose profile has changed from object user.  Say I've 3 users in my user obejct.I wrote the following code, in which I have craeted a list and put all users.But how to check which user's profile is changed and assign it in a collection?  Following is my code:  trigger UserProfileTrigger on User (before update) {      List<user> usr = [SELECT Id,Name,Username,ProfileId FROM User];     System.debug('***SFDC: User Details: ' + usr );      for (User u: usr){        System.debug('***SFDC: User is: '+u);         how to write logic for comparing new and old value of profileid for each user? }

I do have a requirement like I need to write a trigger on user object.The trigger must be before update, which should give the value of previous and current profile assigend to a user.  any help??  This is what I have done, but not getting anything in debug log  trigger UserProfileTrigger on User (before update) {  for(Integer i = 0; i< Trigger.new.size(); i++) {         if(Trigger.new[i].Profile!= Trigger.old[i].Profile){          System.debug('***SFDC: Trigger.old is: ' + Trigger.old[i].profile);          System.debug('***SFDC: Trigger.new is: ' + Trigger.new[i].profile);           }     } }


I have a struct-array that contains details of different reports that can be run.  Each report calls a different method and currently the program has to manually check the selected report value to specifically call the appropriate method.    I would like to store the method name in the struct-array and then have program invoke that method when there is match.  Is this possible?  Currently:  if (this.cboSelectReport.Text == "Daily_Unload") {    reportDailyUnload();  }   Ideally:  if(this.cboSelectReport.Text == MyArray[i].Name) {    something(MyArray[i].MethodName); }   UPDATE  I tired a number of the suggestions below and none of them worked.  They didn't work probably due to how I have my program structured.

I know in php you are able to make a call like:  $function_name = 'hello'; $function_name();  function hello() { echo 'hello'; }   Is this possible in .Net?


I am solving linked list question on geeksforgeeks platform and i was given a question, i will mention the link to check it. I am getting nullpointer expection for this. link:-  Code:-  Node insertAtBeginning(Node head, int x) {     // code here     Node inserting = new Node(x);     inserting.next = head;     return inserting; }  // Should insert a node at the end Node insertAtEnd(Node head, int x) {     // code here     Node first = head;     while(head.next != null){         head = head.next;     }     Node inserting = new Node(x);     head.next = inserting;     return first;      }

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


Suppose you draw $n \ge 0$ distinct lines in the plane, one after another, none of the lines parallel to any other and no three lines intersecting at a common point. The plane will, as a result, be divided into how many different regions $L_n$? Find an expression for $L_n$ in terms of $L_{n-1}$, solve it explicitly, and indicate what is $L_{10}$.  I have tried to come up with a solution but cannot. A little guidance would be very helpful.

Show that $n$ lines separate the plane into  $\frac{n^2+n+2}{2}$ regions if no two of these lines are parallel and no three pass through a common point.   I know we start with the base case, where, if we call the above equation P(n), P(0), for 0 lines would be 0.  But I really have no idea how to begin the inductive step.  How do we know what k+1 we're supposed to arrive at?  Thanks!


On Stack Overflow, after you star (or favorite) many questions, it becomes difficult to search among them to find an old question you starred.  Is there a way to search among them per topic? Would not it be useful to being able to group or search among them for example by the topic?

I'm a big fan of the favorites feature. I usually mark questions with good answers of code snippets for later use.  Most of the time I can't find the favorite I'm looking for so quickly as desired. I know I marked the question in Stack Overflow, but it takes time to find it again, because of the following reasons:   lot of favorites lot of answers for a question (last time I was looking for an answer in the question ) the question title is not always what I'm looking for   To make favorites more useful I suggest the following features to be added:   Allow to mark an answer as favorite Allow to tag questions with own tags (those tags are personal and can not be seen by others) Search function over favorites Allow to add a personal note to a question


Let $A$ be a commutative ring with unity. Let the radical $\operatorname{Rad}(A)$ of $A$ be the ideal consisting of all nilpotent elements of $A$.      Is $\operatorname{Rad}(A)$ of $A$ the same as the intersection of all maximal ideals of $A$?    I think this should be a standard result so I'd grateful if someone could point me to a reference or a hint on how to prove it will be even better!  Thank you!

Is there a standard example in commutative algebra of a ring where the jacobson radical does not equal the nilradical?


So i'm thinking of getting the Asus Transformer Infinity TF700 and I was wondering if it could run ubuntu.  Also I have heard that there are not many good apps for tablet android OS, if I did get ubuntu would it have more apps? What other benefits does ubuntu have over android?

With the announcement of the Ubuntu Phone OS I'd like to know what phone (and tablet) models are supported at this time.  Note from foss & Oli: We are making this the master question for all future "Will this work on <insert random tablet/phone/device here>?!" questions


someone knows if is there a way to use php multi thread on php 5.6, if yes where can i found a tutorial step by step to do it?  I need some solution for multi thread, currently i'm using multi curl to do it, but i think it's not right way to do it, using curl to access script on same server.  Thanks in advanced.

Is there a realistic way of implementing a multi-threaded model in PHP whether truly, or just simulating it. Some time back it was suggested that you could force the operating system to load another instance of the PHP executable and handle other simultaneous processes.  The problem with this is that when the PHP code finished executing the PHP instance remains in memory because there is no way to kill it from within PHP.  So if you are simulating several threads you can imagine whats going to happen.  So I am still looking for a way multi-threading can be done or simulated effectively from within PHP. Any ideas?


I've tried every fix online, from a simple restart, End Cortana, Restart Explorer, check windows search in Services.msc, even install a new clean copy of Windows 10 (1903; 18362.356), and yet nothing is working

The Search menu on my Windows 10 suddenly stopped working. When I click the Search icon or type something in the Start menu, it just shows a blank search window.    I've tried rebuilding the index, SFC /scannow, DISM Restore, and creating a new local user account. None of them worked.   Windows 10 1909 build 18363.592.


Difference between submitting Runnable and Callable tasks for execution using ManangedExecutorServices?

What is the difference between using the Runnable and Callable interfaces when designing a concurrent thread in Java, why would you choose one over the other?


The message informing users about the :  Sorry, we are no longer accepting questions/answers from this account. See  to learn more.   Can it please be replaced with a real link?  Sorry, we are no longer accepting questions from this account. .

Related:    The helpcenter has . It still links to the  for further details. Besides that, the question ban message .  Now that we have the helpcenter, could the following changes be implemented?   Link to the help center instead of the meta post Remove the link to the meta post from the help center, and instead incorporate its contents into the helpcenter itself


Unable to disable root login on Ubuntu 14.10   login as root vi /etc/ssh/ssh_config PermitRootLogin line is not here so i add it service ssh restart root login still works.    I even restarted the server and I'm still able to login in as root... I also added a new user before i did all this. Am I missing a step?

For security purposes my company wants me to not allow anyone to be able to log into our Ubuntu server as root remotely over SSH. We still want the root account to exist, we just do not want it to be able to be logged into remotely. How would I accomplish this?  Thank you very much in advance for your time.


Using Ununtu 12.04, and recently got a message that disk space is running out. Ran the Disk Usage Analyzer, which froze. After some research, I see a directory in ~ called "9fybsyiikg" which is 1065357312 bytes.  I tried opening that folder in the file manager, and nothing happens. I tried lsing in, and nothing happens.  And then I tried rm -rf 9fybsyiikg, and nothing happens.  Any ideas what this directory may be, and how to get rid of it?

A folder was created in my home folder (not by anyone), and I cannot see the folder contents. She has root privileges, but when the nautilus root access the folder is empty. When I try to remove it, it will appear to remove more than 1 million files from my computer, and I do not know what these files are.  How i can see these files? the name of folder created is "4F8ZBREShQ". I'm scared about it...


I have a question about volatile in  C language.  I read some tutorial but still can not figure out, some says the volatile tells the complier optimizer that operations involving this variable should not be optimized in certain ways. this means anytime the value of a variable is change in register, then the value should affect the memory.  And also some say that volatile  mean that the value can be changed by means outside this code.  I can not understand the second saying, so the volatile variable can be changed by means outside of this code? how? and are these two says both right?

Why is volatile needed in C? What is it used for? What will it do?


We have Outlook 2013 configured using the Office Customization Tool (setup.exe /admin) that is built into Office 2013 enterprise.  This configuration worked great with Exchange 2007 but just fixing the server address in the configuration results in Outlook 2013 saying that it cannot communicate with the server followed by the OCT file not being correct.  If we do not configure the OCT settings, it runs through the Welcome wizard and auto configures correctly.  How can I fix the OCT config to make the profile without asking questions?  This is the original post  that I wanted to ask clarification on because the answer doesn't tell you how to fix the problem.  It was deleted by server fault moderators because it doesn't "answer the question". I was told that what comments are for, but I don't have enough rep to comment.  Not a great way to encourage new users to your forum...

My company is in the process of migrating from Exchange 2010 to Exchange 2013 -- currently the environment is mixed, OWA is up and running, and AutoConfig is working properly.  For our Exchange 2007 -> 2010 upgrade I was able to pre-build the Exchange account profile using the Office Customization Tool to define an Exchange account (as well as some fake-POP accounts that we use for alternate SMTP sending) into a dynamic profile that was created when Outlook was first run.  When trying to do this same procedure for 2013, I am unable to open Outlook using the new default profile. Depending on how I tweak the settings I am greeted with various error messages that range from "The Exchange server might be down for maintenance," or "you must connect with the current profile before opening the OST," to "Cannot open the default set of folders", and once I was given a network password authorization box that would not accept any account/password combo that it was given.  If I create a new profile and allow it auto-configure, it does so successfully and Outlook will start up without any problems.  I suspect that the problem is how Ex2013 uses unique (per-mailbox) addressing to describe the 'Server' field in the mail profile -- The TechNet documentation states that the 'Server' entry in OCT should point to an Exchange server, and that it will be corrected when the profile first connects, however that does not appear to be happening. The 2010 CAS is providing proxy services between the two Exchange server environments, so it might be possible that the authorization is not being forwarded through there as well.  I have scoured the internet for a use case that was successful in deploying an Ex2013 account using the OCT, but I cannot find anything useful that helps me understand my situation.  Allowing the current user profiles to upgrade is not an option, as we are building new VMs that will not carry over the profile information; first-run autoconfigure is also not an option because we need the fake-POP accounts to be added ahead of time to the profiles.  Do we know if the 2013 OCT is able to preconfigure Exchange accounts? If not that is a huge step backwards in my opinion, as this feature is paramount to our upgrade path. Any thoughts would be helpful, I am happy to provide more information upon request.


$$\lim_{n\to\infty} \left(n\left(1+\frac{1}{n}\right)^{n}-ne\right) = -\frac{e}{2}$$    So I watched this video  and it shows one way of proving it, but it basicaly transforms this limit into limit of a function at infinity and uses L'Hopital multiple times, but is there some sequence-like way of doing this limit ? I tried to apply Stolz theorem but it doesn't help: $$\lim_{n\to\infty} n((1+\frac{1}{n})^{n}-e) =  \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{n}{\frac{1}{(1+\frac{1}{n})^{n}-e}} = \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{n+1-n}{\frac{1}{(1+\frac{1}{n})^{n}-e}-\frac{1}{(1+\frac{1}{n+1})^{n+1}-e}} = \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{1}{\frac{1}{(1+\frac{1}{n})^{n}-e}-\frac{1}{(1+\frac{1}{n+1})^{n+1}-e}}$$ It doesn't seem to go well to me. Maybe you can suggest some way of doing this one (not nessesarily with  Stolz theorem).

I am stuck on how to calculate the following limit: $$\lim_{x\to\infty}x\left(\left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)^x - e\right).$$  Definitely, it has to be through l'Hôpital's rule. We know that $\lim_{x\to\infty} (1+(1/x))^x = e$. So, I wrote the above expression as $$\lim_{x\to\infty}\frac{\left(1 + \frac{1}{x}\right)^x - e}{1/x}.$$Both numerator and denominator tend to zero as x tends to infinity. I applied l'Hôpital's rule twice, but I got the limit equal to infinity which is clearly wrong. In the book, it says that the limit should be $-e/2$.  Any help please? Also, in case someone managed to solve it, please tell me which numerator and denominator did you apply your l'Hôpital's rule to in both cases? Thanks a lot  Also, guys can you tell me how to write equations in this forum? Thanks.


I try to apply all these textures to one material in cycles. These are all my textures:    My attempt (no idea at all how occlusion map works)

I created some texture maps in MindTex to use in Blender, but I can't figure out how to properly hook them up. The maps I have:  - Diffuse  - Normal  - Height   - Specular   - Gloss   - Self Illumination  - Reflection  - Ambient Occlusion   MindTex (left) vs. Blender (right)  As you can clearly see it's a pretty big difference.  is my material node setup in Blender. In the examples I don't actually use self illumination or reflection images, but including this in the answer would be helpful.


I'm doing an image classification task and the number of features of each example image is pretty huge (3,072: # pixels in each image). I'm thinking of using PCA to reduce the # features of each image to $n$ (say $n = 100$), and then use SVM to to learn and classify using the reduced feature space. I'm wondering which of these two paths should I follow?   PCA on the training set $T$ and use SVM to learn on new $T$ with reduced dimensions. For prediction, PCA again on the test set $S$ and use the learned SVM parameters to classify. PCA on both $T$ and $S$ at the same time. That is, merge $T+S$ into a large matrix and perform PCA on them. Then split the reduced dimension matrix into $T$ and $S$ again. Learn the SVM on the reduced $T$ and then use the learned SVM to predict on the reduced $S$.

I have a dataset for which I have multiple sets of binary labels. For each set of labels, I train a classifier, evaluating it by cross-validation. I want to reduce dimensionality using principal component analysis (PCA). My question is:  Is it possible to do the PCA once for the whole dataset and then use the new dataset of lower dimensionality for cross-validation as described above? Or do I need to do a separate PCA for every training set (which would mean doing a separate PCA for every classifier and for every cross-validation fold)?  On one hand, the PCA does not make any use of the labels. On the other hand, it does use the test data to do the transformation, so I am afraid it could bias the results.  I should mention that in addition to saving me some work, doing the PCA once on the whole dataset would allow me to visualize the dataset for all label sets at once. If I have a different PCA for each label set, I would need to visualize each label set separately.


I have simple sendemail.php form. I want add file sending (file will be added to ftp). This is my form:

 <form id="main-contact-form" class="contact-form" name="contact-form" method="post" action="sendemail.php" enctype="multipart/form-data">     <input type="text" placeholder="Vardas Pavarde" name="vp" id="contact-form-name" value="" style="color: #9F9F9F; font: 13px Arial; float: left; width: 180px; border: none; background: none; border: solid 1px #343434;"/>
     <textarea name="zinute" rows="3" cols="40" style="color: #9F9F9F; font: 13px Arial; float: left; width: 180px; border: none; background: none; border: solid 1px #343434;"></textarea>
     <input type="file" id="foto" required="required" name="foto" style="color: #9F9F9F; font: 13px Arial; float: left; width: 180px; border: none; background: none; border: solid 1px #343434;">
     <input type="submit" class="button" id="contact-form-send" value="Siusti" style="color: #9F9F9F; font: 13px Arial; float: left; width: 180px; border: none; background: none; border: solid 1px #343434;" /> </form>   This is my sendemail.php:  <?php     header('Content-type: application/json');     $status = array(         'type'=>'success',         'message'=>'Thank you for contact us. As early as possible  we will contact you '     );     $vp = @trim(stripslashes($_POST['vp']));      $zinute = @trim(stripslashes($_POST['zinute']));       move_uploaded_file($_FILES['foto']['tmp_name'], 'image/' . $_FILES['foto']['name']);      $success = @seet($vp, zinte);      echo json_encode($status);     die;   I thinking problem is in the jQuery AJAX code but I haven't studied this language so please help. Thanks all!  jQuery:  var form = $('#main-contact-form'); form.submit(function(event){     event.preventDefault();     var form_status = $('

');     $.ajax({         url: $(this).attr('action'),         beforeSend: function(){             form.prepend( form_status.html('
 Email is sending...
').fadeIn() );         }     }).done(function(data){         form_status.html('
' + data.message + '
').delay(3000).fadeOut();     }); });

I would like to upload a file asynchronously with jQuery.     $(document).ready(function () {     $("#uploadbutton").click(function () {         var filename = $("#file").val();          $.ajax({             type: "POST",             url: "addFile.do",             enctype: 'multipart/form-data',             data: {                 file: filename             },             success: function () {                 alert("Data Uploaded: ");             }         });     }); });  File <input type="file" id="file" name="file" size="10"/> <input id="uploadbutton" type="button" value="Upload"/>     Instead of the file being uploaded, I am only getting the filename. What can I do to fix this problem?


I have a button with empty id attribute. I want to get  by id that added dynamically to it.  note : I don't want to use createElement() to add .  HTML  <!DOCTYPE html>     <meta charset="UTF-8">   <title>Document</title>     <button>Green</button>

   <button>Change Id!</button>      JS  $(document).ready(function() {    $("a#green").on("click", function(){     $("body").css("background-color","green");   });   $("a#changeId").on("click", function(){     $("a.btn").attr("id","green");   });  });   Here is my code on

I have a bit of code where I am looping through all the select boxes on a page and binding a .hover event to them to do a bit of twiddling with their width on mouse on/off.  This happens on page ready and works just fine.  The problem I have is that any select boxes I add via Ajax or DOM after the initial loop won't have the event bound.  I have found this plugin (), but before I add another 5k to my pages with a plugin, I want to see if anyone knows a way to do this, either with jQuery directly or by another option.


I'm having some trouble with the following exercice:  Prove that, for all $n \in \Bbb N$: $$\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin^{2n + 1}(x) dx = \frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{4}{5} \cdot \frac{6}{7} \cdot ... \cdot\frac{2n}{2n + 1}$$  So, the first thing I did was write the rhs using the product notation no make things a little easier: $$\frac{2}{3} \cdot \frac{4}{5} \cdot \frac{6}{7} \cdot ... \cdot\frac{2n}{2n + 1} = \prod_{k=1}^n \frac{2k}{2k + 1}$$ And then I tried to use induction to prove this and I easily proved that if $n = 1$ this is true, But I'm having some trouble with the induction step of the proof. How can I prove this? Note: In the last exercice the I proved that: $$\int \sin^n(x) dx = - \frac{1}{n}(\sin^{n - 1}(x))\cos(x) + \frac{n - 1}{n} \int \sin^{n - 2}(x) dx$$ I don't know if this helps or if it's related to this exercise.

Prove, for  every $n\in\mathbb{N}$, that       a) (done) $\displaystyle\int_0 ^{\pi/2} \sin^nx\,dx=\frac{n-1}{n}\int_0^{\pi/2}\sin^{n-2}x\,dx$, $n\geq2$.      b) $\displaystyle\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin^{2n+2}x\,dx\leq\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin^{2n+1}x\,dx\leq\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin^{2n}x\,dx.$   So, using part (a)  $$\displaystyle\int_0^{\pi/2} \sin^{2n+2}x\,dx =\frac{2n+1}{2n+2}\int_0^{\pi/2}\sin^{2n}x\,dx\leq\int_0^{\pi/2}\sin^{2n}x\,dx$$  But I don't know how do reduce the expoent in only one unit, since part (a) reduces two units per once.


When I execute certain algorithms in Proccesing Toolbox, for example "Convert polygon/line vertices to points" I get the following error:     Algorithm Convert polygon/line vertices to points starting...   shapes_polygons "Convert Polygon/Line Vertices to Points" -SHAPES "C:\Users\8725~1\AppData\Local\Temp\processing\159c5dd99017473d89a0bd321b8d8c0c\OUTPUTLAYER.shp" -POINTS "C:\Users\8725~1\AppData\Local\Temp\processing\7d7d0235a7cc4bfb993f52aa3775dfc0\POINTS.shp"   'ascii' codec can't encode characters in position 23-33: ordinal not in range(128) See log for more details   On the other hand, when I execute the "Extract nodes" algorithm I don't get any problems...  I run on Win 10 Home 64-Bit Greek and QGIS 2.10 Pisa. Probably the problem has to do with greek letters somewhere in my system. My user account on my pc is in greek.

I've been dealing with various problems after re-installing QGIS and other GIS-related software (see ).  The solution worked for a bout a day and now I lost the processing tool again. An other error message appeared when opening QGIS:  Impossible to load processing plugin provokes error when calling classFactory()  UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 18: ordinal not in range(128)   Traceback (most recent call last):   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 306, in startPlugin     plugins[packageName] = package.classFactory(iface)   File "C:/Users/F�lix/.qgis2/python/plugins\processing\__init__.py", line 37, in classFactory     from processing.ProcessingPlugin import ProcessingPlugin   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 572, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "C:/Users/F�lix/.qgis2/python/plugins\processing\ProcessingPlugin.py", line 47, in      if cmd_folder not in sys.path:   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 58, in showWarning     "warning:%s\ntraceback:%s" % (warnings.formatwarning(message, category, filename, lineno), stk), UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xe9 in position 18: ordinal not in range(128)   Also, I have a second error when trying to re-install the processing extension through QGIS.  ImportError: cannot import name defaultOutputFolder   Traceback (most recent call last):   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 281, in loadPlugin     __import__(packageName)   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 572, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "C:/Users/F�lix/.qgis2/python/plugins\processing\__init__.py", line 28, in      from processing.tools.dataobjects import *   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 572, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python/plugins\processing\tools\dataobjects.py", line 35, in      from processing.core.ProcessingConfig import ProcessingConfig   File "C:/OSGEO4~1/apps/qgis/./python\qgis\utils.py", line 572, in _import     mod = _builtin_import(name, globals, locals, fromlist, level)   File "C:/Users/F�lix/.qgis2/python/plugins\processing\core\ProcessingConfig.py", line 32, in      from processing.tools.system import defaultOutputFolder ImportError: cannot import name defaultOutputFolder   Any ideas on how to solve this one?


Voldemort could have travelled to different planets. Muggles landed on the moon, I think Wizards could do that easily.  Why didn't Voldemort hide his Horcruxes on the Moon and/or other planets?

Have they? Given that Muggles put the first man in space in 1961, even by 1991 a lot of Muggleborns perfectly aware of the space-travel would have passed through Hogwarts and into the Ministry, even the Department of Mysteries (which seems to be a bit like their research division/Area 51 combo) And even leaving Muggle technology (which Wizards don't care for or about) aside, Humans have wondered about air travel to "other worlds" and meeting aliens from the time of the Ancient Greeks, surely some Witch or Wizard somewhere might have wondered if it really was possible to fly to the moon? So, is there any canon (aka Books + Pottermore + Rowling interviews) evidence of the Wizarding community having ever travelled or trying to travel to space / other planets or satellites? ETA: Note, I am also totally okay (and in fact would be eager for) historical "Famous Wizard" card-like tidbits from canon-sources.  AWESOME example (that I'm frankly not expecting): When the Muggles managed to land on the Moon, the Department of Mysteries had to scramble to hide the Silver-backed Moon Dragon conservatory they had been maintaining near the landing site. ALSO AWESOME example (that I am hoping for): Warlock Flibberti and Witch Tigget misused this earth-based spell and amusingly found themselves on the moon with their pet monkey instead!


Hello everyone how can I calculate the limit of:  $\lim\limits_{n \to \infty} (\frac{1}{n+1} + \frac{1}{n+2} + \frac{1}{n+3} + ...+\frac{1}{2n})$

What is the sum of the 'second half' of the harmonic series?  $$\lim_{k\to\infty}\sum\limits_{n=k+1}^{2k}{\frac{1}{n}} =~ ?$$  More precisely, what is the limit of the above sequence of partial sums?


Can I know where the volatile variable is getting stored in the memory?     If i declare globally means where does it get stored in the memory?  volatile int a =10; int main() {     printf("Global A value=%d",a);     return 0; }  If i declare locally inside the function means where does it get stored in the memory?  int main() {     volatile int a =10;     printf("Local A value=%d",a);     return 0; }    Does it get stored in Stack / RAM / Data segment ?  Please clarify my doubts.

What does the volatile keyword do? In C++ what problem does it solve?  In my case, I have never knowingly needed it.


I have got major revision from biosensor and bioelectronics and the deadline was 1 month. I finished revision within 10 days and submitted the revised paper. now for one week it is with editor. when can I get a decision from the editor? two reviewers gave minor revision, but still, an editor named it major revision. Thanks

What steps does a manuscript typically go through from submission to publication (or rejection) in a typical journal? How are these steps referred to, in particular by editorial systems, and how long do they each typically take?  Note that this question is about the typical situation and hence not about:   Journals with an atypical workflow, e.g. those that allow for an instantaneous reviewer–author interaction. Exceptional steps or rare occurrences such as withdrawal or .   This is a canonical question on this topic as per . Due to its nature, it is rather broad and not exemplary for a regular question on this site. Please feel free to improve this question.


Here I am considering the original zeta function (not the extended one)$$\zeta(s)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n^s}$$ When Re(s)>1, the Zeta function converges, and if Re(s)<1 it diverges.  Here is my question. What happens when Re(s)=1?   I know it diverges when s=1, but does it converge otherwise?

Suppose $s$ is a complex number with $\Re(s) \in (0,1]$ and $\{a_n\}$ is a complex sequence converging to $a \neq 0$. Must the Dirichlet series $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{a_n}{n^s}$$ diverge?


I have two lists of the same length:  [1,2,3,4] and [a,b,c,d]  I want to create a dictionary where I have {1:a, 2:b, 3:c, 4:d}  What's the best way to do this?

Imagine that you have the following list. keys = ['name', 'age', 'food'] values = ['Monty', 42, 'spam']  What is the simplest way to produce the following dictionary? a_dict = {'name': 'Monty', 'age': 42, 'food': 'spam'}


I create an interface as follow :   // The OnClickListener interface : public interface OnClickListener{      void onClick();   }   And a I create a Person Class :  // Class Person : public class Person {     String name;      OnClickListener onClicklisner;      Person(String name)      {            this.name = name;          this.onClickListener = new OnClickListener()          {                  @Override             public void onClick() {                  //I want to access to this.name attribute, but it doesn't work :                 System.out.println(this.name);             }         };     } }   In the onClick() method above, I want to access to this.name attribute, but it doesn't work.  How I can access that ?  Thank you very much.

In the following snippet:  public class a {     public void otherMethod(){}     public void doStuff(String str, InnerClass b){}     public void method(a){         doStuff("asd",             new InnerClass(){                 public void innerMethod(){                     otherMethod();                 }             }         );     } }   Is there a keyword to refer to the outer class from the inner class?  Basically what I want to do is outer.otherMethod(), or something of the like, but can't seem to find anything.


I have read  which contains many proofs of $0.999\ldots=1$.   Background  The main motivation of the question was philosophical and not mathematical. If you read the next section of the post then you will see that I have asked for a "meaning" of the symbol $0.999\ldots$ other than defining it to be $1$. Now here is a epistemological problem and this is mainly the problem from which the question arose. Suppose you know that $1$ is a real number. Now I give you a symbol, say $0.999\ldots$ which from now on I will denote as $x$. Now I ask you whether $x$ is a real number. To answer this, if you define $x=1$ then you are already attributing the properties of $1$ to $x$ among which one is it being a real number without proving whether to $x$ we can indeed attribute the properties of $1$.   A common response to this question has been to define the symbol $x$ as the limit of the sequence $\left(\displaystyle\sum_{i=1}^n \dfrac{9}{10^i}\right)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ and then prove that the limit of this sum is indeed $1$. But again the problem is that you are defining the symbol $x$ to be a real number and hence are assuming a priori that the symbol $x$ denotes a real number.  As per the discussion that has been conducted with Simply Beautiful Art let me state my position again in brief,     Also let me say that I do not disallow $0.999…$ to be a real number. My impression that if you assume $0.999…$ to be a real number then there is no sense in proving that $0.999…$ is indeed equal to $1$ because either you define it to be $1$ or you prove the equality as a theorem. But if you are going to use the limit definition of $0.999…$ then what you are a priori assuming it to be a real number which is an assumption that I don't allow. What can be allowed is that $0.999…$ is a number (but not necessarily a real number).    Question  My question is,      Does it make any sense to prove this equality?    Can one give any "meaning" of the symbol $0.999\ldots$ other than defining it to be $1$?

I'm told by smart people that $$0.999999999\ldots=1$$ and I believe them, but is there a proof that explains why this is?


I'm trying to build web application that with SQLite db. I already have desktop version of this app and db works just fine, but now i want to make web version also, but for some reason i cant connect to database although code is pretty much the same.  Sqlite connector:  package DAO; import java.sql.*;  public class SQLite { Connection conn = null; public static Connection dbConnector() {      try {          Class.forName("org.sqlite.JDBC");         Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:podaci/baza_new");         System.out.println("db connected");         return conn;      }catch(Exception e){         //JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, e);         System.out.println("db NOT connected");         return null;     }  }   }  first you need to log in in application and that when code breaks  servlet part:  package obrada;  import java.io.IOException; import java.util.Map;  import modeli.Osoba;  import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher; import javax.servlet.ServletContext; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  import DAO.LoginDAO;   @WebServlet("/LoginServlet") public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;  public LoginServlet() {     super();     // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub }  protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     doPost(request,response); }   protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     String userName = request.getParameter("username");     String passWord = request.getParameter("password");     String type = request.getParameter("tip");     ServletContext context = getServletContext();      if (LoginDAO.validate(userName, passWord, type)) {         System.out.println("asd");     }else {         RequestDispatcher rd=request.getRequestDispatcher("Login.html");           rd.include(request,response);           System.out.println("login else");     }        try {     }catch(Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} }   }  and dao part:  package DAO;  import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.PreparedStatement; import java.sql.ResultSet;  public class LoginDAO {  static Connection con = null;  public static boolean validate(String username, String password) {      boolean status = false;     try {         con = SQLite.dbConnector();         System.out.println("1");         String query = "select * from kupci where korisnicko=? and lozinka=?";         PreparedStatement pst = con.prepareStatement(query);          //pst.setString(1, type);         pst.setString(1, username);         pst.setString(2, password);          ResultSet rs = pst.executeQuery();         status= rs.next();         con.close();         }catch(Exception e) {System.out.print(e);}       return status;  }   and console gives me:  bd NIJE povezana 1 java.lang.NullPointerExceptionlogin else   i tried removing and adding sqlite jar but it doesnt work  stack trace is on

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I have created a bootable USB flash drive via Ubuntu's Startup Disk Creator by following these instructions:   At 99% of the process it told me that the creation could not completed. No hint about what is going wrong. I used that USB stick for a bootable version of Ubuntu 18.04.  Now, I have an 8GB USB stick, without any device protection switch which I cannot format. The USB stick now keep formated as iso 9660.  I know that topic has been discussed a lot and in most cases it could solve by simple overriding the partitions with zeros. In my case nothing worked out what I tried.  For formatting back into FAT32 I tried following ways:   by dd: sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdf bs=2048 count=32 (also with different byte size as well counts) by mkusb (dus) => () by: sudo wipefs -a /dev/sdf gparted also couldn't do anything   Everything I do ends up in something like, opening /dev/sdf': Read-only file system  I'm wondering that also root couldn't format it.  Any ideas how I can format my usb flash drive to a FAT formatted flash drive?

I recently made my pen-drive bootable with Ubuntu 14.04. But I need to unboot my pen-drive now. I formatted my pen-drive once,But the size of the pen-drive still shows 2.25 MB. Whereas,this is an 8GB pen-drive. How can I get rid of this problem. I'm still using Windows 7.


I need to get to the Caribbean from Europe but had overstayed in the US about 7 years back and am supposedly denied re-entry fr 10 years... since all reasonable flight scenarios I find involved going through a US Airport (like Miami), am I correct that I cannot connect from an international inbound to an international outbound without going through US Immigration and they can thus stop me from doing the connection?  Likewise on the return?

I am a Canadian citizen and I have been denied from the USA in the past 2 years and last year I entered illegally and was caught and given voluntary departure, but I do not have a criminal record in the USA or Canada.   NOW - I am currently in Costa Rica and looking to fly back to Canada, and it would be ideally priced with a stop in the USA. I am not banned from entering the USA for any amount of time but CBP has said I need to present 12 consecutive months worth of pay stubs and rent receipts proving my ties to Canada. Is there any way I can take a flight from Costa Rica with a stop in the USA? Is my onward flight ticket proof enough? Or will I be turned back before boarding in the airport in Costa Rica? Is there a number I can call to ask US customs about my legal situation?


I'm a newbie when it comes to spring so this maybe something simply I'm over looking but I've been trying for hours to no avail. I have spring and hibernate integrated and working however, I want to log the queries to a file so that I can examine them. I'm using log4j for the logging but the issue is I can't get hibernate to write to the file and was hoping to get some clarification.   Here is the sessionFactory bean in applicationContext  <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />     <property name="hibernateProperties">         <props>             <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServerDialect</prop>             <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>             <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>         </props>     </property>     <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.example"/> </bean>   Log4j configuration  <log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/" debug="false">  <appender name="FILE" class="org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender">     <param name="File" value="${catalina.home}/logs/my-log-file.log" />     <param name="Append" value="true" />     <param name="MaxFileSize" value="20MB" />     <param name="MaxBackupIndex" value="2" />      <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">         <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{DATE} %c | %msg %n" />     </layout> </appender>  <appender name="hibernate-rolling" class="org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender">     <param name="File" value="${catalina.home}/logs/hib-example-file.log" />     <param name="Append" value="true" />     <param name="ImmediateFlush" value="true" />     <param name="MaxFileSize" value="20MB" />     <param name="MaxBackupIndex" value="2" />      <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">         <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{DATE} %c | %msg %n"/>      </layout> </appender>   <logger name="org.hibernate.SQL" additivity="false">     <level value="debug" />     <appender-ref ref="hibernate-rolling" />  </logger>   <root>     <priority value="INFO"></priority>     <appender-ref ref="FILE" /> </root> </log4j:configuration>   Any help is much appreciated?   EDIT:  I have tried the loggers that were provided in that  but that did not cause the queries to be written to the file.

I haven't been able to find any documentation on how to configure Hibernate's logging using the XML style configuration file for Log4j.  Is this even possible or do I have use a properties style configuration file to control Hibernate's logging?  If anyone has any information or links to documentation it would appreciated.  EDIT: Just to clarify, I am looking for an example of the actual XML syntax to control Hibernate.  EDIT2: Here is what I have in my XML config file.  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">  <log4j:configuration xmlns:log4j="http://jakarta.apache.org/log4j/">     <appender name="console" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">         <param name="Threshold" value="info"/>         <param name="Target" value="System.out"/>         <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">             <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d{ABSOLUTE} [%t] %-5p %c{1} - %m%n"/>         </layout>     </appender>     <appender name="rolling-file" class="org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender">         <param name="file" value="Program-Name.log"/>         <param name="MaxFileSize" value="1000KB"/>     <!-- Keep one backup file -->         <param name="MaxBackupIndex" value="4"/>         <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">             <param name="ConversionPattern" value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n"/>         </layout>     </appender>      <root>         <priority value ="debug" />         <appender-ref ref="console" />         <appender-ref ref="rolling-file" />     </root> </log4j:configuration>   Logging works fine but I am looking for a way to step down and control the hibernate logging in way that separate from my application level logging, as it currently is flooding my logs. I have found examples of using the preference file to do this, I was just wondering how I can do this in a XML file.


Hi I want to program a card game, in my game each card can do multiple actions, depend on the situation in which the player is facing. For example There is an "Attack" card which can attack another player, the attacked player can defend itself in multiple ways - it can use "Run Away" card, it also may use another card to rule a cube to avoid the attack etc, The "Attack" may also be used to shot an attacker to avoid dying. In short each card can be used in all sort of ways and I'm having trouble to code these rules, How can I create the session between 2 players? (attacker and defender)  thanks

Based on   I am building a card-game where cards can have side-effects be triggered under different circumstances.  I was given a good idea on how to handle different phases by having hooks (events) that different cards can be triggered to do something, like when a card is played, draw an additional card, etc.  I am not sure how I should compose all these things to work together, I have a GameState object which handles the state of the game (who's turn, player objects, timers) checking if a move is legal etc.  I am having a Card class that currently just has a type and a name getter/setters and properties. I believe the best way to store cards would be to use .JSON files, because that would let you simply write a new card.  To achieve side-effects I am thinking of having "components" that is configured through a cards JSON-file.  {     "name": "Ocean Humans",     "type": "Creature",     "components": {     } }   However, I am not sure how I should compose these JSON-files to some actually working object. How do I call these components when I invoke a hook_event (draw a card, phase begin). And make sure right components are run?


I found out that it wasn't such a good idea to keep tracking the binary. The size of our repository is growing at a much faster rate than I would like. Is it possible to purge this file from git?  No one even needs to know it existed.

I accidentally committed an unwanted file (filename.orig while resolving a merge) to my repository several commits ago, without me noticing it until now. I want to completely delete the file from the repository history.   Is it possible to rewrite the change history such that filename.orig was never added to the repository in the first place?


I am writing a simple bash script. My script installs . The problem is I can't add two arguments. I want to write something simple like this:  ./ppa.sh -i ppa:chris-lea/node.js nodejs   I tried this,  but doesn't read the second argument 'nodejs'...  #! /bin/sh  # Install/add PPA or Program   while getopts ":i:e:" option; do  case $option in   i)    echo received -i with $OPTARG ang='sudo apt-add-repository'    ;;   e)    echo received -e with $OPTARG ang='other line'    ;;   :)    echo "option -$OPTARG needs an argument" exit    ;;   *)    echo "invalid option -$OPTARG"  exit    ;;  esac  # done     if [ "`echo $OPTARG | cut -d ':' -f1`" == "ppa" ]; then echo 'is a ppa'     $ang $OPTARG ; sleep 2s && sudo apt-get update; clear         sudo apt-get -y install $OPTARG2     fi done

In below code when I give option r then getopts requires one arguments:  while getopts ":hr::l:" opt; do     case $opt in         r ) echo "Run Numbers - argument = $OPTARG " ;;         l ) echo "Latency range - argument = $OPTARG" ;;         h ) helptext             graceful_exit ;;         * ) usage             clean_up             exit 1     esac done   But I need to pass two arguments after -r option, instead of one. Is there an easy way to do this?


Got few questions about the input/output pins of a crystal circuit.   As shown above, it's a common clock circuits. My question is: 1. If we want to measure the waveform of the clock, which pin should we probe and why? 2. In the internal circuits inside the IC, which signal (IN or OUT) is used for the clock source of the internal circuits and why?  Thanks!

I have 2 quartz crystal resonators in my pcb board: 32.768 kHz & 20 MHz. They are connected to a Freescale MC12311 transceiver IC, which has an HCS08 micro-controller embedded in it. I want to test if these crystals are working properly or not.  Available tools: Oscilloscope, Frequency-Meter (Digital Counter), Digital Multimeter.  How should I use these tools to test the crystals in board?   Note: The capacitive load-effect of probes should probably be considered. If not, the measurement would not be accurate, or even worse, the crystals would not work at all.     Edit1: I used both the oscilloscope and the frequency-meter (with x10 probes), but unfortunately there was nothing monitored at all.


I've been reading up about the  and was wondering how severe it is and if I should be worried, especially since a new exploit has been found after the patch release.  What does this mean for me as someone who uses Debian as my main desktop OS? Is there anything I should be aware of?

There is apparently a vulnerability (CVE-2014-6271) in bash:   I am trying to figure out what is happening, but I'm not entirely sure I understand it. How can the echo be executed as it is in single quotes?  $ env x='() { :;}; echo vulnerable' bash -c "echo this is a test" vulnerable this is a test     EDIT 1: A patched system looks like this:  $ env x='() { :;}; echo vulnerable' bash -c "echo this is a test" bash: warning: x: ignoring function definition attempt bash: error importing function definition for `x' this is a test   EDIT 2: There is a related vulnerability / patch:  which uses a slightly different test:  $ env 'x=() { :;}; echo vulnerable' 'BASH_FUNC_x()=() { :;}; echo vulnerable' bash -c "echo test"   unpatched output:  vulnerable bash: BASH_FUNC_x(): line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `)' bash: BASH_FUNC_x(): line 0: `BASH_FUNC_x() () { :;}; echo vulnerable' bash: error importing function definition for `BASH_FUNC_x' test   partially (early version) patched output:  bash: warning: x: ignoring function definition attempt bash: error importing function definition for `x' bash: error importing function definition for `BASH_FUNC_x()' test   patched output up to and including CVE-2014-7169:  bash: warning: x: ignoring function definition attempt bash: error importing function definition for `BASH_FUNC_x' test   EDIT 3: story continues with:


I was a first-year PhD student but was forced to quit although hard-working day and night! I am disappointed, I am now 27 and did not create family, left my home country. Problems from the past in my family hugely affect my mental health. I have OCD and some other health issues.   Everyone admires my personality in presenting my work, however I am now shocked as I dreamt of doing good research to really help people and imprint a memory before leaving this earth. But I found it does not look like that. When I was a little girl, I used to tell my late mother: "I do not want to be an ordinary person, I want to add this world, to become an important person".  However, while writing now I would burst in tears and feel deeply alone. I suffered from complaining, so I would forget to speak and grew used to keeping every thing inside. I am afraid for my family as I feel responsible and I would like to make their lives better. Maybe the problem was that I did not do as well as the others? I thought I could do something new and meaningful, but I ended up being kicked out.  I would be grateful if someone tell me how can I overcome this harsh period?

I am a first year Ph. D student, and I have been working on a new topic of research.  I worked day and night to prove something new and verified it. I began my Ph. D while my supervisor was on travel, but he returned before I had been here for long.  When he returned, he told me we have to stop and not continue without any reasonable reasons.  After a few months he began treating me poorly---always belittling and underestimating---although I got two grants from a top conference, made videos and podcasts, and constantly received praise for my good work and personality.    It seems that I have been treated as a competitor, not a collaborator.  Although agreeing with my approaches in private, my supervisor said false words to the committee to take the decision and stop my Ph. D work!  It is not surprising, as there was another former senior Ph. D student who I met on campus, who was not allowed to defend his Ph. D: this same supervisor claimed he was not able to finish his dissertation although he had published in a peer reviewed journal and having citation as well, it was scary and not familiar.  In front of committee, he lied, and said something without proving. I asked if he can make a detailed constructive criticism, but he could not.  All I can say that they are a gang literally, and he said words that show that he is jealous and doesn't want to see me having self confidence in my self. I know no one will believe me, but this is the truth.  Honestly, I am distressed and I'm losing sleep.  I had this dream where there were many people who saw me fail.  All things considered, I don't know whether what happened is good or bad, and I definitely don't know what I should do next!  I would be grateful for your advice and whether there is someone has encountered any similar situation.


In ArcGIS I used to create DEMs from contours with ease. However, we recently opted to stop using ArcGIS (for various reasons), and switching to QGIS.    The reason I use contour data is it is all that is available to me from our surveyor general (20m contour lines).    How can I convert them into DEMs?  There is no step by step GUI tut for GRASS on the matter, GDAL only uses point data, and IDW Interpolation does not produce a good quality DEM either.

I want to create a DEM from depth contours (shapefile) in QGIS. I've been trying to work out how to do this based on , notably from  from that page, however I'm stuck, and was hoping someone could help.  My progress/process so far:   open new map in  QGIS, import the contour shapefile set GRASS extent, set new GRASS mapfile, etc try to 'import' the shapefile into grass by converting it into a grass file, based on a hunch from the wording in  (search in page: 'use of qgis and grass'): file management, import into grass, import vector into grass, import loaded vector (v.in.ogr.qgis), then view output. This creates an identical looking layer. try to use r.surf.contour on this - doesn't allow layer to be selected. try to use r.surf.contour2 on this - either crashes QGIS or produces a full block of colour.   Any thoughts/tips on what I should be doing differently?    Interpolation failing, tried everything in GRASS & in GRASS plugin, failed, could problem be due to source shapefile?  Something I learnt from elsewhere was 'geometry tools > check geometry validity' which I ran on the contour shapefile and it found loads of errors.   I'm wondering if this could be the reason that all my efforts to create a DEM are failing?   Would anyone do me the huge favour of having a look at my shapefile to see if I'm just being useless, or if it's a problem that a relative novice would be excused for not anticipating?


I'd like to plot the probability distribution for a set of binomial trials in R, the catch is that each trial has an independent probability of success (which I have in vector form).  So, in R if I were doing this with coin tosses: plot(x,dbinom(x,10,.5)) would work, where x is 0:10. This shows the probability distribution by plotting number of successful trials on the x-axis with percent of the time that specific results is achieved as the y (4 successes is 20.5%).  That said, how do I plot the same graph for 10 discrete trials with varying probabilities. For instance if odds<-c(.1,.8,.2,.2,.3,.7,.9,.99,.05,.5), was the probability of success for each independent toss, and I wanted to see a probability distribution?

I am interested in how uncertainty can be accounted for when considering the risk of extinction of a species. Forgive me for extending a rather tired thought experiment, but at least it's familiar territory and I hope it illustrates what I am trying to understand.  Let's say that Schrödinger was not satisfied with killing and not killing only one cat, so he went out and collected the last 15 remaining Himalayan Snow-Cats. He put each one in a box with a vial of poison, hammer, and a trigger device for releasing the hammer. Each trigger device has a known probability of releasing the hammer within any given hour, and the poison will take 5 hours to kill a cat (things got a bit trippy when he used radioactive decay, so this time he steers clear of quantum mechanics). After one hour, Schrödinger receives a notice from the ethics board telling him he's nuts and ordering him to release the cats immediately. He pushes a button which opens a cat-flap at the back of each box, thus releasing them all back into the wild. By the time the humane society check the boxes, all the cats have bolted. Before anyone can restrain him, Schrödinger detonates the remaining triggers, so nobody knows how many of the cats were poisoned.  The probability that each of the cats is poisoned is as follows:   0.17 0.46 0.62 0.08 0.40 0.76 0.03 0.47 0.53 0.32 0.21 0.85 0.31 0.38 0.69   After 5 hours have elapsed and all poisoned cats have died, what is the probability that there are:   (A) More than 10 Himalayan Snow-Cats still alive  (B) 10 or less still alive (C) 5 or less still alive (D) 2 or less still alive


I'm designing a circuit which includes a fan being controlled and I've seen on a few websites that I should include a protection diode across the fan (as shown in the diagram below).  However, after searching and trying to think about it, I can't see what the purpose of the diode is? If it's in that direction it's not allowing any current to travel down that branch of the circuit anyway as it will always be reverse biased?  Does anybody know/can explain if this is necessary/correct to use a diode in this way for a fan/motor circuit?         – Schematic created using

I don't really understand how these diodes in this circuit and similar circuits (like driving a relay circuit) protects the controller circuit from the energy stored by the inductance of the coil. I really appreciate if someone could graphically explain it. ( I mean how the the diodes block the current and etc)  the second question about this circuit is the capacitor. what happens if it isn't there?


Why does the following code raise an UnboundedLocalError: n = 0 def foo():     n = n + 1     print(n) foo() foo()  Error: Traceback (most recent call last):   File "foo.py", line 5, in <module>     foo()   File "foo.py", line 3, in foo     n = n + 1 UnboundLocalError: local variable 'n' referenced before assignment  While the following code works: n = 0 def foo():     print(n) foo() foo()  Output: 0 0  It seems to me that given the behavior of the second snippet, the first snippet should use the value of the global n to calculate n+1 and assign it to a new local n, and print it. Thus, I would expect the output to be two 1s. Why does this not happen?

The following code works as expected in both Python 2.5 and 3.0:  a, b, c = (1, 2, 3)  print(a, b, c)  def test():     print(a)     print(b)     print(c)    # (A)     #c+=1       # (B) test()   However, when I uncomment line (B), I get an UnboundLocalError: 'c' not assigned at line (A). The values of a and b are printed correctly. This has me completely baffled for two reasons:   Why is there a runtime error thrown at line (A) because of a later statement on line (B)? Why are variables a and b printed as expected, while c raises an error?   The only explanation I can come up with is that a local variable c is created by the assignment c+=1, which takes precedent over the "global" variable c even before the local variable is created. Of course, it doesn't make sense for a variable to "steal" scope before it exists.  Could someone please explain this behavior?


How to freeze list header row while scrolling in SharePoint?

I'm trying to make my table header fixed, and below it are all the contents that can be scroll.  I want to do something like this:   Can anyone please help me out.   By the way, I'm am only a contributor and I can only edit page via browser.


I am kinda new to Linux.   My base issue: I need to show the output of curl cheat.sh/python like a man or less page, so that I can easily scroll up and down.  What have I tried: curl cheat.sh/python | less  outout: some weird text like this-     ESC[38;5;246m# Python is a high-level programming languageESC[39m   ESC[38;5;246m# and python is a Python interpreter.ESC[39m      ESC[38;5;246m# Basic example of server with pythonESC[39m   ESC[38;5;246m# Will start a Web Server in the current directory on   port 8 000ESC[39m ESC[38;5;246m# go to    ESC[38;5;246m#ESC[39m ESC[38;5;246m# Python v2.7ESC[39m   ESC[38;5;252mpythonESC[39mESC[38;5;252m   ESC[39mESC[38;5;252m-mESC[39mESC[ 38;5;252m   ESC[39mESC[38;5;252mSimpleHTTPServerESC[39m ESC[38;5;246m# Python   3ESC[39m ESC[38;5;252mpythonESC[39mESC[38;5;252m   ESC[39mESC[38;5;252m-mESC[39mESC[ 38;5;252m   ESC[39mESC[38;5;252mhttp.serverESC[39mESC[38;5;252m ESC[39mESC[   38;5;67m8000ESC[39m ...   After having a look at , I tried: curl -vs cheat.sh 2>&1 | less  but output was kinda same:     Accept: /    * Mark bundle as not supporting multiuse HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: nginx/1.13.12 Date: Wed, 25 Mar 2020 17:50:04 GMT Content-Type:      text/plain; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 25502 Connection: keep-alive      Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=63072000; includeSubdomains      X-Frame-Options: DENY X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff  { [2429 bytes data]   ESC[38;2;0;204;0m_ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;204;0m_ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;204;0m   ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;204;0m ESC[0mESC[38;2;0; 204;0m ESC[0m   | |     __ | |   _| |__ ESC[38;2;0;204;0m\ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;204;0m   ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;204;0m\ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;204;0m ESC[0mESC[38;2;0;   204;0m ESC[0m ESC[48;2;85;85;85m ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mTESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mhESC[0mESC[48   ;2;85;85;85meESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85moESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mnESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mlESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85myESC[0m   ESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mcESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mhESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85meESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85maESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mt   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85msESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mhESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85meESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85meESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85   ;85mtESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85myESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85moESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85muESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;   85;85;85mnESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85meESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85meESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85mdESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m   ESC[0mESC[48;2;85;85;85m ESC[0mESC[ 48;2;85;85;85m ESC[0m ...   Finally if I change the above code like (this is probably the wrong approach) : curl -vs cheat.sh 1>&2 | less  Then I will get the needed output of curl, but upon pressing a button the terminal shows like:     ~       ~       ~       ~       ~       ~       ~       ~       ~       ~       ~ (END)   and I can basically press q to quit out of less from there.

I have a file with ANSI colors.  test.txt: \e[0;31mExample\e[0m  I would like to display the content of this file in a terminal, like cat does, but I would like to display the colors as well.


It's recommended to store file into a directory on web server. Why not use a BLOB data type for a column where store files? There are security and consistency advantages and it's easier to manage files doing that. What are the cons?

So I'm using an app that stores images heavily in the DB. What's your outlook on this? I'm more of a type to store the location in the filesystem, than store it directly in the DB.  What do you think are the pros/cons?


Intro- Yes, this has been discussed before, but I have a different solution and some updated reasoning.  Please, for the love, read the post before down voting it... (but then you can down vote it all you want, I know it's not a popular idea :)  tl;dr:  I personally think users should be able to flag answers that have technical inaccuracies (controversial as that might be). Then we should have expert reviews of flagged answers, and if the answer is incorrect it should be noted at the top of the answer by the expert reviewer so regular users can easily see the contradicting argument and vote the answer down if they feel so inclined.    Why? Well it has to do with how SE is changing. Back in the good old days of SO, most of the people who were active on the site were technically competent individuals who worked as programmers and sys admins. They had direct experience with the questions at hand, and could upvote because they had used the answer before and it worked for them.  Fastforward to today.  The site I'm mostly active in is Aviation.SE (though there are dozens of very similar sites at this point), where you have a core of knowledgable individuals who have worked in the Aviation Industry and then you have hundreds of people who are "enthusiasts", who range from private pilots all the way down to people with only simulator experience (yeah, that'd me in that last group there.) So a lot of the people voting on that site may not have direct experience with many of the questions being asked.  But, I'll be darned if it stops any of them from voting.  This is how "urban legends" are started, right? A group of semi-knowledgeable people get together and come up with a reasonable explanation for a phenomena, they all nod their heads a lot and, rather democratically, decide they must know how it works.  Of course the problem with this is that physical laws don't really care what you think. If one person knows the right answer, and everyone else believes a different answer, you're going to get that wrong answer voted up and the right answer will be snubbed.  This is a huge problem facing SE sites these days. Let's face it, back in the SO days you could just pop open a terminal (generally) and figure out "real quick" if an answer was true or not. But the ability to explain the answer to "How does a wing generate lift" can take years of schooling to get a grip on.    Solution 1: I think that in communities where "group thinking" may end up giving us the wrong answer, there should be an ability for people to ask for an "expert review". Over on Aviation.SE, most of the regulars trust Peter Kampf or fooot (as examples) to know the physics behind how a plane actually works. It would be awesome if we could flag an answer for their review, so that their sizable knowledge can be used to see through the mists of "common knowledge".  If one of the experts (who probably ought to be elected) decides the answer is wrong then they would flag it as such, along with a brief explanation as to why. Preferably near the top of the answer, or at least in a place where it's easy for people who are reading the answer to notice.  Now, I like democracy, so I personally think that at this point we could just leave it be and let people vote the answer down themselves.  Solution 2: I just go make my own site if this isn't what the community wants ;).  I mean, honestly, isn't that what one should do at that point?    As a final note: Some of you may say "well, that's what the second and third answers are for, aren't they?" Well, no. Two reasons. Firstly, answers are not supposed to be replys to other questions. Secondly, well, it goes back to group think. If the first answer is highly popular (even if it's wrong) and it sounds reasonable, people will often vote it up without even reading the second response...  Anyway. This whole thing is open for discussion, I'm just tossing the idea out there is all.

Some answers are plain wrong, or even harmful. Usually these get spotted pretty quickly and either fixed or deleted by the poster, on the basis of comments/votes.  Sometimes though these slip under the radar - the OP ignores the downvotes/comments, or nobody even picks up on it the first time around.  I've always assumed that VLQ flags in the 10K queue for answers that are technically flawed, but otherwise OK were effectively "request for review by somebody knowledgeable in this area". It seems though that .  How should answers like this be handled instead if VLQ is not appropriate? Is there a mechanism for requesting further review? Raising them in chat is sometimes an option, but not always appropriate.   The useful actions that might happen as a result of increased visibility:   Edits by domain experts Downvotes to hide the poor answer Less flawed answers by experts Delete votes by 20K users   Would a "technical issue flag" that pushes to a tab in  /review help?


I want to implement an automatic exception logging service which collects all exceptions/errors that are thrown all over an application. The most elegant way would be to tap into either "throw" or the actual instantiation of the Throwable.  After several hours of research I came to following conclusions:   Somehow "tap into" "throw" is not possible Inject code with Instrumentation (or cglib) could solve the problem Extend the class loader and override the newInstance method could solve the problem   So far I think that option 2 would be the best choice but I fear that I am probably missing a much easier solution.

How can I detect when an Exception has been thrown anywhere in my application?  I'm try to auto-magically send myself an email whenever an exception is thrown anywhere in my Java Desktop Application.  I figure this way I can be more proactive.  I know I could just explicitly log and notify myself whenever an exception occurs, but I'd have to do it everywhere and I might(more likely will) miss a couple.  Any suggestions?


I currently have my profile picture set to either my Gravatar or my uploaded picture (which are identical), on my network profile () and the profiles for some of the sites (e.g. ), but it shows an Identicon instead on most sites (e.g. ), and I have to manually change it for each. "Save and copy changes to all public communities" does not appear to help. All the sites had my custom profile picture initially; I think I first noticed this issue after enabling Dark Mode on Stack Overflow, but it could be completely unrelated. Is there any way to fix this without manually fixing each site? This also appears to be an issue for newly created accounts.

I have had the same network-wide profile avatar for many years; it's a custom image which I installed nework-wide soon after I registered for Stack Overflow back in 2011. I still see that image e.g. on  and  but not, for instance, on this site, or e.g. on   (The example originally linked to my Unix & Linux profile instead of Super User but I experimentally changed my profile back to the gravatar one there.)  I routinely update my profile presentation text every few months, and did so again a few days ago. Comments below seem to indicate that others who recently edited their profile are experiencing the same problem.  My preferred avatar is a Gravatar which is connected to my email address, which has always been the same (MD5 091f411d57db5be8298e057a32e5ad72). The replacement seems to be a generic identicon with a different MD5. I don't recall seeing this identicon as an option in my profile before:    You'll notice that the gravatar is still visible as an option, but I can find no way to replace it on all sites in one go. I switched back to the gravatar one on Unix & Linux and noticed that the help next to the "Save" button says     Your profile will be updated on all public communities.   but alas, that did not in fact happen. Do I really have to go over 170+ member sites and manually select my gravatar on each?


I am fitting data from a repeated-meausures design by means of a (generalized) mixed model (lme4) including a fixed effect (2level factor), as well as a random intercept and a random slope for subjects ("keeping it maximal" as recommended by Barr et al. 2013, Journal of Language and Memory).   My random effect correlation is "perfect" , i.e. 1 or -1 (while intercept-/slope variances are close to but not 0), which is apparently indicative of "overparameterization" (Baayen, 2008,Journal of Language and Memory). I see some strange behavior coming along with this: Eg., plotting random effects essentially draws parallel lines, although this doesnt fit the data very well. Also, comparing the full model to a simpler one via PBmodecomp returns an convergence error. I suspect this is all related but may also result from other issues with my data.  .... Thus my question(s): Are results reliable/sound with random effects correlation of 1/-1 ? Can I savely ingore this kind "overfitting" (as it has no further effects) or should I start to remove random effects such as the slope ? Any proposals?

Not so uncommon occurrence when dealing with complex maximal mixed models (estimating all possible random effects for given data and model) is perfect (+1 or -1) or nearly perfect correlation among some random effects. For the purpose of the discussion, let's observe the following model and model summary   Model: Y ~ X*Cond + (X*Cond|subj)  # Y = logit variable   # X = continuous variable   # Condition = values A and B, dummy coded; the design is repeated  #             so all participants go through both Conditions   # subject = random effects for different subjects    Random effects:  Groups  Name             Variance Std.Dev. Corr               subject (Intercept)      0.85052  0.9222                              X                0.08427  0.2903   -1.00                      CondB            0.54367  0.7373   -0.37  0.37                X:CondB          0.14812  0.3849    0.26 -0.26 -0.56 Number of obs: 39401, groups:  subject, 219  Fixed effects:                  Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)     (Intercept)       2.49686    0.06909   36.14  < 2e-16 *** X                -1.03854    0.03812  -27.24  < 2e-16 *** CondB            -0.19707    0.06382   -3.09  0.00202 **  X:CondB           0.22809    0.05356    4.26 2.06e-05 ***   The supposed reason behind these perfect correlations is that we have created a model which is too complex for the data that we have. The common advice that is given in these situations is (e.g., Matuschek et al., 2017; ) to fix the overparameterized coefficients to 0, because such degenerate models tend to lower the power. If we observe a marked change in fixed effects in a reduced model, we should accept that one; if there is no change, then there is no problem in accepting the original one.  However, let's presume that we are not interested only in fixed effects controlled for RE (random effects), but also in the RE structure. In the given case, it would be theoretically sound to assume that Intercept and the slope X have non-zero negative correlation. Several questions follow:   What to do in such situations? Should we report the perfect correlation and say that our data is not "good enough" to estimate the "real" correlation? Or should we report the 0 correlation model? Or should we maybe try to set some other correlation to 0 in hope that the "important" one will not be perfect anymore? I don't think there are any 100% correct answers here, I would mostly like to hear your opinions. How to write the code which fixes the correlation of 2 specific random effects to 0, without influencing the correlations between other parameters?


My repo has a huge number of commits and I would like to squash everything up until the last five commits - so at the end the repo would have a squash a commit and then my five most recent commits.   Before:  10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1   After:  10 9 8 7 6 squash commit   I tried git reset --soft at the end and beginning of the squashed portion, but I'm not sure how to keep my last five commits, which go away when I squash the portion before the five.

Suppose you have a history containing the three commits A, B and C:  A-B-C   I would like to combine the two commits A and B to one commit AB:  AB-C   I tried  git rebase -i A   which opens up my editor with the following contents:  pick e97a17b B pick asd314f C   I change this to  squash e97a17b B pick asd314f C   Then Git 1.6.0.4 says:  Cannot 'squash' without a previous commit   Is there a way or is this just impossible?


I can not see the Run To Cursor in VS 2012 when I am developing in C#. I checked the tool bar and also DEBUG menu and in both places there is no such entry. Where can I find this option.

What is the shortcut key for Run to cursor in Visual Studio 2008?


Looking for the name of a trilogy of novels I read years ago. A malevolent species of sentient axolotl type creatures is marauding across the galaxy on a sort of holy crusade. A group of different species (that may refer to themselves as "the commonwealth") have banded together to fight...   The problem is that all sentient star-faring species abhor violence. The only combat troops are a type of two leggged dog/cat analogue. Eventually (of course) they come to earth and during a covert observation mission meet a composer on a yacht in the Caribbean. He tries to convince them to keep humans out of it, claiming that they are more than just a violent immature species. Turns out that we are not.   I have been looking for this for years and years, I used to think it was called The broken mirror or something similar.

The series involves two groups of aliens who have been fighting an interstellar war for many years before the first book.  The war is started by a race of jellyfish-like telepaths who have used their powers to control several species which they use as soldiers.  The jellyfish aliens have declared a holy war against all sapient vertebrates.  The only species on their side that aren't being actively controlled through their telepathy are invertebrate species who have joined the holy war.  In this series, humans are immune to telepathy--what's more, a completely unconscious reflex tends to destroy the mind of anything even attempting to affect their minds.  One of the central themes of the series is how well suited humanity is to warfare, and all the sacrifices forced on humanity as they become nothing but soldiers fighting against the jellyfish, losing almost all culture not in some way related to being soldiers, as the other races in their alliance take over the other roles.  Other species I recall include a bird race that is gifted at linguistics but can be sent into shock by even seeing a low quality recording of a human walking around a room.  They just cannot handle the hide or flee reflexes triggered by seeing such an obvious predator.  Another race is a crab like group that is so antisocial they all keep suicide buttons at hand when working with other races, and only work to help the human alliance's side because the jellyfish won't leave them alone.  There is a race that bears a faint resemblance to large rats who were previously the best soldiers on their side, and another renowned for their intellect.


My Arduino IDE (ver 1.8.12 on Win10) crashes when I launch it. Running the arduino_debug.exe I get this error message.  C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino>arduino_debug.exe Set log4j store directory C:\Users\volke\AppData\Local\Arduino15 Loading configuration... Initializing packages... java.lang.NullPointerException         at cc.arduino.contributions.packages.ContributionsIndexer.parseIndex(ContributionsIndexer.java:134)         at processing.app.BaseNoGui.initPackages(BaseNoGui.java:483)         at processing.app.Base.<init>(Base.java:273)         at processing.app.Base.main(Base.java:150)  C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino>   Any solutions? I've tried to delete the config files package_index.json and package_esp32_index.json without any luck.

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I am able to open cmd.exe using script  import subprocess subprocess.call("C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe",shell=True)   But I am unable to send input command to cmd.exe open. I want to achieve something like below mentioned using script  1) script give input command like python to cmd.exe open   2) After that script give input command like print "hello" to python prompt comes

If I do the following:  import subprocess from cStringIO import StringIO subprocess.Popen(['grep','f'],stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stdin=StringIO('one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\n')).communicate()[0]   I get:  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?   File "/build/toolchain/mac32/python-2.4.3/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 533, in __init__     (p2cread, p2cwrite,   File "/build/toolchain/mac32/python-2.4.3/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 830, in _get_handles     p2cread = stdin.fileno() AttributeError: 'cStringIO.StringI' object has no attribute 'fileno'   Apparently a cStringIO.StringIO object doesn't quack close enough to a file duck to suit subprocess.Popen.  How do I work around this?


I don't understand this statement from Wikipedia page:  "Every abelian group of order 8 is isomorphic to either $ \Bbb Z_8\ $ (the integers 0 to 7 under addition modulo 8), $ \Bbb Z_4\ \oplus \Bbb Z_2\ $  (the odd integers 1 to 15 under multiplication modulo 16), or $ \Bbb Z_2\ \oplus \Bbb Z_2\ \oplus \Bbb Z_2\ $ ."  Isn't $ \Bbb Z_4\ $ the integers 0 to 3 under addition modulo 4 i.e. {0,1,2,3} ? What did I misunderstand?   I thought that $ \Bbb Z_4\ \oplus \Bbb Z_2\ $ should be {0,1,2,3}$\oplus${0,1} but obviously there is some misunderstanding from me, especially since it also says that The cyclic group $\Bbb {Z} _{mn}$ of order mn is isomorphic to the direct sum of ${\Bbb Z} _{m}$ and ${\Bbb Z} _{n}$ and then uses as an example $\Bbb Z_{15} \cong \{0,5,10\} \oplus \{0,3,6,9,12\}$ but {0,5,10} is not ${\Bbb Z} _{3}$, it is just order 3.  Please explain...

I would first like to make sure of the following concepts, note that all groups are abelian. Let $A,B$ be subgroups of $G$.  (1) Cartesian product (a.k.a. external product): The Cartesian product of subgroups $A$ and $B$ is $A \times B = \left\{ (a,b) \:{:}\: a \in A, b \in B \right\}$ where the operation by components is the group operation.  (2) Internal product: The internal product of subgroups $A$ and $B$ is $AB = \left\{ ab \:{:}\: a \in A, b \in B \right\}$.  (3) Sum: The sum of subgroups A and B is $A + B = \left\{ a + b \:{:}\: a \in A, b \in B \right\}$.  So (2) and (3) are basically the same objects because (2) is used under the multiplicative notation and (3) is used under the additive notation.  (4) Direct product: The internal product $AB$ is called a direct product and denoted $A \times B$ (confusingly enough) if $A \cap B = \left\{ 1 \right\}$.  (5) Direct sum: The sum $A + B$ is called a direct sum and denoted $A \oplus B$ if $A \cap B = \left\{ 0 \right\}$.  So (4) and (5) are basically the same objects because (4) is used under the multiplicative notation and (5) is used under the additive notation.  I am aware that (1) and (4) (or (5)) are isomorphic and often used interchangeably. When the direct sum is used in a correct way, it causes no confusion at all such as $\mathbb{Z}_{15} = \left\{ 0,5,10 \right\} \oplus \left\{ 0,3,6,9,12 \right\}$.  But when it is used in a rather ambiguous way such as $\mathbb{Z}_2 \oplus \mathbb{Z}_2$, which should be $\left\{ 0+0,0+1,1+0,1+1 \right\} = \left\{ 0,1 \right\}$, which is of order $2$, but I have seen my lecturer saying it is of order $4$, so he must have interpreted it as the Cartesian product owing to the isomorphic nature.  I am really not happy with this as the definition of sum and direct sum clearly states otherwise. Could anyone shed some enlightening lights on this issue?


How can I install VMware in Ubuntu 13.10? VirtualBox crashes the whole time or doesn't want to work 100%.  I've tried the solution in , but I get errors in terminal when I try the commands.   VMware can me used in the same way as VirtualBox, right? I want to install a different OS inside Ubuntu using VMWare.

I am new to Ubuntu and want to install VMWare Player. What is the step by step procedure to install that?


How does one model an IR diode in SPICE?  Specifically, the TIL38.  Datasheet here:   I get it that Is needs to be found -  is this the same as If in the datasheet?  The diode apparently seems to work in reverse-bias mode.

What diode modifiers are used in practice to model LEDs with SPICE (Berkeley v.3f5)?  are available to me:  #       Name    Parameter                    Units      Default Example  Area 1       IS      Saturation current             A         1e-14   1e-14    * 2       RS      Ohmic resistance               Ω         0       10       * 3       N       Emission coefficient           -         1       1.0 4       TT      Transit-time                   s         0       0.1ns 5       CJO     Zero-bias junction capacitance F         0       2pF      * 6       VJ      Junction potential             V         1       0.6 7       M       Grading coefficient            -         0.5     0.5 8       EG      Activation energy              eV        1.11    1.11 Si                                                                  0.69 Sbd                                                                  0.67 Ge 9       XTI     Saturation-current temperature exponent  3.0     3.0 jn                                                                  2.0 Sbd 10      KF      Flicker noise coefficient      -         0 11    AF      Flicker noise exponent         -         1 12    FC      Coeff. for for.-bias dep. cap. formula   0.5 13    BV      Reverse breakdown voltage      V         ∞       40.0 14    IBV     Current at breakdown voltage   A         1.0e-3 15    TNOM    Parameter measurement temp.    °C        27      50         The dc characteristics of the diode are determined by the parameters IS and N. An ohmic resistance, RS, is included. Charge storage effects are modeled by a transit time, TT, and a nonlinear depletion layer capacitance which is determined by the parameters CJO, VJ, and M. The temperature dependence of the saturation current is defined by the parameters EG, the energy and XTI, the saturation current temperature exponent. The nominal temperature at which these parameters were measured is TNOM, which defaults to the circuit-wide value specified on the .OPTIONS control line. Reverse breakdown is modeled by an exponential increase in the reverse diode current and is determined by the parameters BV and IBV (both of which are positive numbers).   For example, using this basic, cheap red:      I don't care much about high-frequency characteristics -- just would like to be able to match it's IV-curve within its operating specs (-10uA/-5V leakage to +100mA/+2.2'ishV forward):


These beakers look fine in wire frame but they show odd shadows in solid view that persist when the scene is rendered. How do I fix this?    .blend file:

For instance, here I have two cubes that are offset only on the x-axis. When I render them (using Blender's internal renderer), the overlapping faces interfere with each other and the result looks awful. A quick and easy solution would be to offset them by just a smidget, but is there another solution that allows faces to overlap and not exhibit this graphical glitch?


I have created a new logical partition (H) on my hardrive and want to install Ubuntu in that partition. I also want to have access to my Windows 7 files and programmes. I would like some advice as to which installation option I should use.

I have a formatted 55GB partition as NTFS, the other part of the hard disk has Windows 7.  Is NTFS the right format for Ubuntu? If not how should I format it and with what format?  Once I finish preparing the partition, how do I install Ubuntu on that partition? I'm not sure how to set up dual-boot Ubuntu and Windows.


I am using SecureRandom class in java with default constructor and after i run it four times and each times i will take back 4 "supposed highly secured random numbers" .  First run : -35 -43 -127 12  Second run:-123 114 4 55  Third run:39 -19 3 -51  Fourth run: 111 -48 -50 55  Now i want to know is there any statistical analysis which i can decide if these generator provide me "good" random numbers . Or i just simply can decide it by eye just seeing that in each run we will not take let say the same value twice or three times . According to Scott Adams and others is impossible to proof how good a generator of random numbers is but if it produce you let say for numbers in range 0-15 and you roll this four times and get 4 nine than it probably is not so good. Anyway i am not sure how to determine if my generator is good or not and i will appreciate any feedback,  Thanks in advance

In the past I have used the Chi-squared test to check the statistical randomness of my generator. Is this a good test to use? Are there other tests?


Is it possible somehow that antimatter (-ve mass) could create an upside curvature on spacetime, as it bulges outward rather than inward as in case of real matter (+ve mass)?

According to the Dirac equation, antimatter is the negative energy solution to the following relation:  $$E^2 = p^2 c^2 + m^2 c^4.$$  And according to general relativity, the Einstein tensor (which roughly represents the curvature of spacetime) is linearly dependent on (and I assume would then have the same mathematical sign as) the stress-energy tensor:  $$G_{\mu \nu} = \frac{8 \pi G}{c^4}T_{\mu \nu}.$$  For antimatter, the sign of the stress-energy tensor would change, as the sign of the energy changes.  Would this change the sign of the Einstein tensor, causing spacetime to be curved in the opposite direction as it would be curved if normal matter with positive energy were in its place?  Or does adding in the cosmological constant change things here?


If I train a dweller's abilities, then breed them, is the boosted ability considered for offspring? From how the game mechanics work, I feel the answer is "yes", but it goes against how real-world breeding works so I am curious if someone can confirm this.

In Fallout Shelter you're able to make babies when you assign a male and female dweller to a residential area. When the babies are born, what determines the SPECIAL stats? It seems to be somewhat influenced by their parents, but there seem to be other variables. I want to breed children with high SPECIAL scores.


I tried to insert the "is incomparable to" (or "equal and parallel to") symbol to my equation. So, I tried the solution supplied by Wikipedia (). But I got a compiler error (missing $ inserted)  Any comment, suggestion is welcome Thanks in advance

I need to output the below text but since \ is a special character, I cannot:  [RegularExpression(@"\d+")]   Also sometimes I need use dollar sign $ as well but it seems to be a special char, too.  What is the way to escape those in LaTeX?  UPDATE:  I used \verb as suggested but I am unable to run commands inside it. Also, in the output the font and the opacity of the text is different than the default one:  \verb|[RegularExpression(\newline @"\d+")]|


I have a PC machine with a Pentium 4 and 2GB RAM.   Windows 7 is installed, but it runs very slowly.   Installation of Windows XP is not suitable as I need to use some software that works only on Windows 7.   What can I do to increase the performance?  I have already tried some advice given by Auslogics boostspeed which helped a little bit.

I'm one of very few people at my company who does graphic work, and I do quite a lot of it. Headquarters doesn't quite get that graphics work requires different hardware than, for example, sales work, which is pretty much email/Excel/Powerpoint/web browser and that's it. So they give everybody the same low-end rental PCs to work on.  This was tolerable when we were all on XP.  Recently I got "upgraded" to a new computer, which happens every two years or so as leases expire. The catch: the new PC had the same Core 2 Duo processor that the previous one did, less RAM, it runs Windows 7 instead of XP, and all the Creative Suite applications have been upgraded from CS3 to CS5! I am the first in my office to get 7.  So now I am in a situation where I have the slowest machine in the office, yet I have to do the most demanding work. I got them to OK 2 more gigabytes of RAM, and I hoped that would solve the issues, but it just isn't helping that much at all. I actually have to reboot every day after lunch because the machine stops responding after wake if you leave it asleep for too long.  I am currently talking to Information Systems to see if I can get a capable machine, but it does not bode well for me. Can anyone share any performance optimizations for Win7 that I might be able to use?  Thank you very much in advance! SS


True\False :The ring $\mathbb{Z}_2 \times \mathbb{Z}_2$ is a domain   solution  True  A commutative ring with identity is said to be an integral domain if it has no zero divisors.

I have a question, and this is it in entirety:     Let R be a non-zero ring(that is, R contains at least one element other than the zero element). Prove that $R \times R$ is NOT an integral domain.   Now I haven't done a problem like this before, and it seems to be(from the Wikipedia definition) that this ring $R$ needs to be commutative to be an integral domain. Which it isn't stated to be here. What exactly am I meant to do? I haven't been given anything else than the area in grey.


Will I be able to take a non stop flight from Melbourne to Delhi with this validity?   I wasn't aware of the six month validity rule that exists in several countries. It never came up and I feel stupid for not having applied for a renewal.

My wife is travelling from Philadelphia to India in January 2019 and, on her outbound trip, she will only have 50 days validity left on her passport. However, while in India, she will be renewing her passport. The reply from a similar question seems to answer point 1 below, but I wanted a second opinion to be sure.  Here are the questions we have:  Can she travel from the US to India via Doha, Qatar with passport validity of only 50 days? Can we make a reservation on Qatar Airways for the roundtrip travel using her current passport and before the return from India to the US update passport information on the reservation?


I have a situation in which sometimes when I launch Terminal instead of showing:  computername:~ user$   It instead shows:  192:~ user$   I've already found that the questions  and   are both very closely related to mine. However the solutions placed the origin of the 'problem' at using Xcode or a double internet connection (Wi-Fi + wired).   I have Xcode installed but haven't used it for quite some time. Also, I'm only using a Wi-Fi connection.   So, what could cause Terminal to sometimes display my computername correctly and sometimes only display 192 instead of it?

For three days straight, I have connected to the public WiFi network at my local library. Each day, I have seen a different prompt in Terminal. Here are some of the prompts I've seen:  zp-pc:~ russell$ mary-pc:~ russell$ normob05:~ russell$   I have check under System Preferences -> Sharing, and my computer name is "Russell's Mac". Also, I set the DHCP Client ID to "RUSSMAC" under System Preferences -> Network -> Advanced -> TCP/IP, but I still see the random host names at the Terminal prompt.  Why is my computer name changing every day?


I need to prove that $$\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \frac{n^k}{2^n}=0$$ where $k\in \mathbb{N}$. All I can think of is to use something like L'Hopital's rule but I suppose there must be a another simpler way. I would much appreciate if someone could give me a hint. Thanks

In other words, how to prove:  For all real constants $a$ and $b$ such that $a > 1$, $$\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{n^b}{a^n} = 0$$  I know the definition of limit but I feel that it's not enough to prove this theorem.


I have this mesh with a full size texture added on one side. When I look at the texture at a shallow angle, texture further from view point gets extremely blurry, almost like I have some kind of depth of field filter on  How do I get my texture 100% sharp?

character in my blender is Low quality    but in the render is:   I want render quality = quality in 3D view