The police station public works project just became available in my town.  There are two of them - modern and classic.    What are the differences / similarities between the two, and are there things exclusive to either that the other one doesn't offer?

A villager requested that I create a police station as our next public works project, which I would be happy to oblige... but I've got some questions first.  That conversation unlocked the "modern police station" and "classic police station" and both will cost 264,000 to construct.  Is there any functional difference between the two?  Can I build both, or will I be restricted to one or the other?  Is one better to have than the other?


Context: Want to automate a process which requires a connection to Linux vm machine from code running on AWS cloud.  Code Snippet:  #!/bin/sh ssh -i LinuxVM.ppk testuser@<ipadress> 'df -h'.   Result: When I am running the above shell script I am getting an error "Enter passphrase for key 'LinuxVM.ppk':"  The same PPK file I am using to connect the remote vm through 'putty' and I am through.  While creating the PPK from puttygen file I have not given any phrases.

I'm having some issues SSH'ing to a server when logged into a particular VM.  From my local PC, I can log in to the server just fine using the command ssh -i .ssh/[my private key] username@domain.  If I then SSH into another unrelated server which also has the same private key and run the above command it will also log in just fine in to the server.  But, when I SSH into a particular OpenStack VM (again has the same private key) on the unrelated server and then SSH in to the server from there I start getting prompted for a passphrase. But a passphrase hasn't been set for the key so inevitably I get a "Permission denied (publickey)." error.  To double check, I removed the private key from the VM and scp'd the private key from my PC into it again and tried the same command I still get prompted for a passphrase.  In other words:   PC - SSH - Server1 = Works fine  PC - SSH - Server2 - SSH - Server1 =     Works fine  PC - SSH - Server2 - SSH - Virtual Machine - SSH - Server 1 =         Asks for a passphrase   What could be the reason behind this? It's definitely the right private key I'm using and it has the appropriate permissions.  Edit - Output of ssh -v -i .ssh/[my private key] username@domain as requested  OpenSSH_7.4p1, OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 58: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /.ssh/[my private key].ppk type -1 debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory debug1: identity file /.ssh/[my private key].ppk-cert type -1 debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.4 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.4 debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.4 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000 debug1: Authenticating to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:22 as '[my username]' debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org need=64 dh_need=64 debug1: kex: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org need=64 dh_need=64 debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:ZiugTjR5fM0E3evOwHoePFKspDQChA0Ab6L0q88KP/g debug1: Host 'xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx' is known and matches the ECDSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/centos/.ssh/known_hosts:2 debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512> debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /.ssh/[my private key].ppk Enter passphrase for key '/.ssh/[my private key].ppk': Enter passphrase for key '/.ssh/[my private key].ppk': Enter passphrase for key '/.ssh/[my private key].ppk': debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey).


I need a little bit of help (just a hint, please) with an induction proof on this sequence, which I need to prove is bounded above by 3. $$ a_1 = \sqrt{2} $$ $$ a_{n+1} = \sqrt{2 + a_n} $$  My attempt: $$ a_k < 3 $$ $$ a_k + 2 < 5 $$ $$ \sqrt{a_k + 2} < \sqrt{5} $$ $$ a_{k+1} < \sqrt{5} $$ ... and I don't know where to go from here.  If I were to find a limit of this sequence, which way would I have to go? Should I try to rewrite the sequence into a formula?

Setting $a_n=\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{2+}}}\ $ I get that $$a_{n+1}=\sqrt{2+a_n} \quad \quad a_1=\sqrt{2}.$$ Clearly all numbers in the sequence are positive and we see that $a_n<a_{n+1} \ \forall \ n$ which implies that the sequence is strictly increasing. To show that it's convergent, I need to show that it's bounded above.  We can use the help-function $f(x)=\sqrt{2+x}$ such that $a_{n+1}=f(a_n).$ But since $$f'(x)=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2+x}}=0\Leftrightarrow\text{no real solutions,}$$  $f(x)$ never flattens out or decreases, so it can't be convergent?


If I open Firefox or Thunderbird or any other application twice, they stack on top of each other in the dock. I run GNOME 3.36 on Ubuntu 20.04.1 LTS. How can I duplicate the icons of the applications that I open, on the dock? This is especially useful when using multiple screens, so that I can easily switch between opened apps without having to select which Firefox instance I want to show on the main screen, since the second one always runs on the second screen. The dconf-editor did not seem to have any option that allows me to run multiple icons instead of stacking the icons.

I want to make Ubuntu dock like Windows taskbar  Ubuntu:    Windows:    (as you see Windows has three Explorer icons and Ubuntu has only one Files icon  Is it possible to uncombine/ungroup apps in Ubuntu?


Suppose a sound is produced behind you. You can easily tell that the sound came from behind.  Our ear lobes face towards the front and hence traps the sound waves which come from the front. Yet, we can detect   that the sound came from behind.  How does the ear/brain manage to identify the sources of sound accurately?

Pretty self descriptive, without being able to view the source of the noise how can we tell the difference between a sound in front of us and a sound behind us if pitch, volume and distance are all the same.   Also assume that it is not biased to one side more than the other, e.g its not to your left or right but directly in front or behind.   I'm interested in knowing if it is a part of the ear that makes this distinction, or a function of the brain.


My wife is a naturalised UK citizen from Gambia. Her brother is 17 and in Italy with a Permesso di Soggiorno.   Would he need a visa or would he be able to join us in the UK immediately?   If he arrived in the UK with the residence permit and a Gambian passport and evidence that they are brother and sister would he be allowed in?   Would he be allowed to board an aircraft in Italy without a visa stamp in his passport?   We are trying to do it quickly before he turns 18 in July.

I am from Non-EU country (from Nepal to be precise) and recently moved to Germany for work. I am applying for BlueCard. I would like to travel to UK later this year, can I go there without visa as I am resident in another EU country?  I can't find this information online. Any links/references will be much appreciated.


I accidentally created a flag as duplicate for this question:    I was in the input to select a duplicate. Typed some words and pressed enter. It automatically selected the first entry. It didn't ask me anything and created the flag.  That said, I believe it could be good to be able to cancel our own flags. I see it as active in when I click the flags I created but there is no way to remove it. As I see it, it should be possible to remove our own flags as long as they are active. When the flag get rejected or accepted, it should not be possible to cancel it.  One other way to handle flags could be to show a flash popup just after a flag has been created with a link to cancel it. If you let the flash message go away, then it won't be possible to cancel it or you'll have to go in your profile to remove (it if such feature could be added).

I'm wondering (since it just happened to me), is it possible to "cancel" ("undo", "delete", "retract", whatever) a flag I just raised if I misclicked it, so the mods won't waste time?  I looked everywhere, but I can't find such a feature.


How do I set the font size to 11.5? 12 is too large and 11 is too small.   I used  \documentclass[titlepage,11.5pt]{article}   but it still gives me size 11

I may be wrong, but it seems to me that I cannot obtain non-integer (or non-preloaded) font sizes (say, 9.876pt) using \fontsize.  If this is true, how do I do this in LaTeX?  Do I have to resort to the \font ... at ... primitive?  (The reason I need this is that I'd like to implement a more LaTeXy way to do the \diminuendo macro from .)


Weinberg uses the LSZ reduction formula to introduce field renormalization,and on page 441, he says:     As this discussion should make clear: the renormalization of masses and fields has nothing to do with the presence of infinities, and would be necessary even in a theory in which all momentum space integrals were convergent.   I believe weinberg is right , but I can't convince other people: how is renormaliztion needed without infinities?  What does it have to do with the LSZ formula? I want answers to make clear the field renormalization with LSZ reduction formula. so maybe the question is different , because I am asking weinberg's book.

Michael Brown made the following comment :     The modern understanding of renormalization (due to Kadanoff, Wilson and others) is hardly controversial and has nothing really to do with infinities. It is necessary even in completely finite theories, but the fact that it fixes infinities in QFT is a bonus.   Can anyone explain what this means?


Running Ubuntu on a Dell XPS, dual-booting with Windows that I hardly use. I encrypted my home folder when installing 16.04, and now Dropbox won't sync anymore as they no longer support .ecryptfs.   What's the simplest solution so that I can keep using Dropbox? (I would consider switching but I share folders with other people who use it so it's more convenient to stick with it.)  I came across this solution:   , but I'm worried that I might erase the dropbox folder I already have.   I'm still a bit of a newbie and get a bit nervous when messing around with filesystems, so I'd appreciate any detailed tips. Thanks in advance.

Some time ago Dropbox began to warn me about supporting ext4 as FS only. As a happy BTRFS user I wasn't happy, but have done this:  dropbox stop dd if=/dev/zero of=~/dropbox.img bs=1M count=4096 mkfs.ext4 ~/dropbox.img echo "${HOME}/dropbox.img ${HOME}/Dropbox ext4 rw,async 0 2" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab rm -rf ~/Dropbox/* sudo mount "${HOME}/Dropbox" sudo chown "${USER}:" "${HOME}/Dropbox"   Everything worked without errors, but Dropbox still says that I should use ext4 for its folder. What am I doing wrong?


I'm very new to blender and not a very techy person. I rendered out a simple animation of a logo as a sequence of png files, then edited it in the video sequence editor. I was able to do this with no problems.   Next, I made edits to the original blender file of the logo, adding text and lights, and creating different camera moves. This time, when I tried to render out the png sequence, nothing happens. I tried to trouble shoot using questions people have asked in the past, but I still have no luck.  Can anyone help? Thanks.

Blender is rendering an older version of my project, not the most recent one. I have made it using the Blender Render but it does not want to render in cycles either. A black and grey screen is rendered as if everything is transparent. Checked general camera, lighting and compute devises in case I messed something up but I can't find anything. All my textures and objects look normal, does anybody know what is wrong or what to check?  Ok added link:


I wanted to clarify whether comma usage was mandated, optional, or not allowed in cases where the phrase at the beginning could be moved later into the sentence. I realize this is not the best description so let me give two examples:  The next day [?] I went to the beach.   (I went to the beach the next day.)  Together [?] we drank juice.  (We drank juice together.)   In both cases, the section on the left can be moved into the sentence where a comma would definitely not be needed (and sound awkward).  My feeling is that for the sentences on the left, in both cases a comma is optional, but not necessary. Is this correct? If the first sentence was "The very next day", would it change things? I've heard for some phrases if the length is above three words then a comma is recommended.  EDIT: While someone has indicated this a possible duplicate, I feel the referenced article does not clearly answer my questions here. You can see from the comments in this post the answer is not trivial.

I am no native speaker and always confused about the comma in introductory phrases, in particular in prepositional phrases. Is there any hard rule when a comma must be set? If I make a google search for certain phrases, I often find both variants. Typical examples where I am not sure whether a comma must be set are:        First[ly][,] I must phone mother   In this case[,] we must...   For simple problems[,] the algorithm...   From Lemma 1.2[,] we obtain...   For a typical user[,] the algorithm...   In our theory[,] we...   A dark line on the horizon[,] the mountain range we were headed for seemed somehow not as threatening as when we had started out on the trip.   Avidly reading her novel[,] Jane did not notice that her stop was approaching.   To be sure[,] it is not easy to see a solution.   When you get to Rome[,] give me a ring.


I have a question related to how the reading of the balance is equal to the tension of the string. In my opinion, the reading of the balance should be twice as much as the tension. This is the diagram I drew:  Here isn't it very obvious that there are $2$ forces acting on the spring and pulling it in opposite directions, each with a magnitude $10N$? Therefore in my opinion, the reading $= 20N$. But of course, it isn't so, the reading is $=10N$. I want to know what is wrong in my reasoning.

I'm going to provide my argument for why I think the tension in a rope should be twice the force exerted on either side of it.  First, let's consider a different example. Say, there is a person named A and a block in space. A pushes on the block with a force of 100 N. Then, the block will also push A with a force of 100 N by Newton's third law. Now, consider the case where instead of the block, there is a person B who is also pushing on A with a force of 100 N while A is pushing on him. A will experience a force of 100 N because he pushed on B, AND another 100 N because he is being pushed by B. Hence he will experience a force of 200 N. Similarly, B also experiences 200 N of force.  Now, back to the original problem. There are two people A and B in space with a taut rope (no tension currently) in between them. If only A is pulling and B is not, then I agree that the tension is equal to the force A exerts. This situation (in my opinion) becomes analogous to the above if B is also pulling. So, say both of them pull from either side with a force of 100 N. Then the rope at the end of B will pull B with a force of 100 N (this pull is caused by A). By Newton's third law, the rope will experience a pull of 100 N. But B is also pulling his end of the rope with 100 N. Therefore, the tension should be 200 N. Similarly, the end of the rope at A must pull A with 100 N of force (because B is pulling from the other side) and hence experience a force of 100 N itself by Newton's third law plus another 100 N because A is pulling on the rope.  Apparently, the answer is not this (according to my searching on the web). So, could anyone tell me why this reasoning is wrong? Thanks.  EDIT : So apparently people don't agree with my first example, leave alone the second. This is to the downvoters and the upvoters of the highest-rated answer: You all agree that if only A pushes B with a force of 100 N, then A and B both will get pushed by a force of 100 N in opposite directions, right? Then, in the case where B is also pushing with a force of 100 N, it doesn't make sense that the answer would be exactly the same. It doesn't seem right that no matter what B does, B and A will always experience the same force as they would have if B hadn't applied any force.  EDIT 2 : I'm going to provide here a link to a question that I posted:  According to the answer and the comments there, the reason as to why my first example is incorrect is different to the one provided here. So maybe you should all read the answer and the comments provided by the person and reconsider what you think.


I want all these three equations to be known as (1). Not (1), (2), (3).  \documentclass[11pt]{article}   \usepackage{fancyhdr, lastpage} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhf{} \fancyfoot[C]{{\thepage} of \pageref{LastPage}}  \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{booktabs, caption} \usepackage{tabularx} \DeclareMathOperator*{\plim}{plim} \usepackage{threeparttable} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{dcolumn} \usepackage{pdflscape} \usepackage{longtable} \usepackage{threeparttablex} \usepackage{lipsum}  \begin{document}   \begin{align} E[y_i |z_i] &= \beta +\alpha E[d_i |z_i] + E[u_i |z_i] \\  &= \beta+\alpha P(z_i) +E(u_i) \\  &= E[y_i|P(z_i)]  \end{align}  \end{document}

I have an equation like this:     \begin{align}       P(A \cup B) = \sum_{\omega \in A \cup B} P(\omega) = \sum_{\omega \in A} P(\omega) + \sum_{\omega \in B} P(\omega)       = P(A) + P(B)     \end{align}   For some reason, LaTeX is automatically labeling the equation. How do I turn that off? Secondly how do I write something in LaTeX on this site. I tried enclosing in '$' but it doesn't work.


I'm trying to prove that if $f$ and $g$ are uniformly continuous on an interval $(a,b)$ then so is $f+g$. I have a picture in my head but I can't seem to make it into a formal proof.

Suppose $f:\mathbb{R} \supset E \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ and $g: \mathbb{R} \supset E \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ are uniformly continuous. Show that $f+g$ is uniformly continuous. What about $fg$ and $\dfrac{f}{g}$?  My Attempt Firstly let's state the definition; a function is uniformly continuous if $$\forall \varepsilon >0\ \ \exists \ \ \delta >0 \ \ \text{such that} \ \ |f(x)-f(y)|< \varepsilon \ \ \forall \ \ x,y \in \mathbb{R} \ \ \text{such  that} \ \ |x-y|<\delta$$ Sum $f+g$ Now to to prove $f+g$ is uniformly continuous; $\bullet$ Choose $\delta_1 >0$ such that $\forall$ $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$ $|x-y|<\delta_1$ $\implies$ $|f(x)-f(y)|< \dfrac{\epsilon}{2}$ $\bullet$ Choose $\delta_2 >0$ such that $\forall$ $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$ $|x-y|<\delta_2$ $\implies$ $|g(x)-g(y)|< \dfrac{\varepsilon}{2}$ $\bullet$ Now take $\delta := min\{ \delta_1, \delta_2\}$ Then we obtain for all $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$ $$ |x-y|<\delta \implies |f(x)+g(x)-f(y)+g(y)| < |f(x)-f(y)| + |g(x)-g(y)| < \dfrac{\varepsilon}{2}+\dfrac{\varepsilon}{2}= \varepsilon$$  Product $fg$ Now for $fg$ for this to hold both $f:E \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ and $g:E \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ must be bounded , if not it doesn't hold. $\bullet$ $\exists \ \ M>0 \ \  such \ that \ \ |f(x)|<M \ \ and \ \ |g(x)|<M \ \ \forall \ x \in E$ $\bullet$ Choose $\delta_1 >0$ such that $\forall$ $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$ $|x-y|<\delta_1$ $\implies$ $|f(x)-f(y)|< \dfrac{\epsilon}{2M}$ $\bullet$ Choose $\delta_2 >0$ such that $\forall$ $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$ $|x-y|<\delta_2$ $\implies$ $|g(x)-g(y)|< \dfrac{\epsilon}{2M}$ $\bullet$ Now take $\delta := min\{ \delta_1, \delta_2\}$. Then, $|x-y|<\delta$  implies for all $x,y \in \mathbb{R}$, that $$|f(x)g(x)-f(y)g(y)| \leq |g(x)||f(x)+f(y)|+|f(y)||g(x)+g(y)| \leq $$ $$ M|f(x)+f(y)| + M|g(x)+g(y)| < M \dfrac{\epsilon}{2M} + M \dfrac{\epsilon}{2M} = \epsilon$$ Are these proofs correct? I am not sure how to approach the $\dfrac{f}{g}$ case.


I'm very new to python and was wondering what the most pythonic/easy way is to split a string into a list with parts of N characters.  I've come across this:  >>>s = "foobar" >>>list(s) ['f', 'o', 'o', 'b', 'a', 'r']   which is how I can turn a string into a list of characters, but what I would want is to have a method that would look like this:  >>>def splitInNSizedParts(s, n):   where   >>>print(splitInNSizedParts('foobar', 2)) ['fo', 'ob', 'ar']

I have a list of arbitrary length, and I need to split it up into equal size chunks and operate on it. There are some obvious ways to do this, like keeping a counter and two lists, and when the second list fills up, add it to the first list and empty the second list for the next round of data, but this is potentially extremely expensive.  I was wondering if anyone had a good solution to this for lists of any length, e.g. using generators.  I was looking for something useful in itertools but I couldn't find anything obviously useful. Might've missed it, though.  Related question:


Well, I tried out a couple of lines but it seems not to work.  double equation= ( ((double)avg-(double)cur_avg) / (1/(double)n) ); cout<<"equation is "<<equation<<endl; lld needed = ceil(equation); cout<<"needed is "<<needed<<endl;   Here avg and n are integers of type long long int. And cur_avg is already a double. Also avg=4, n=5 and cur_avg=3.4 . The output in the terminal reads as follows:  output: equation is 3 needed is 4   Now, my question is if "equation" is 3 then ceil(equation) should have been 3 as well, but why it reads 4 then? In short, what I require is this:  output: equation is 3 needed is 3   Also, how to modify the above code snippet to get this result?  Edit:  Thank you  for proposing the solution in the comments.  An explanation of this behavior could be found  A probable solution is to subtract a small epsilon when calling ceil:  double equation= ( ((double)avg-(double)cur_avg) / (1/(double)n) ); cout<<"equation is "<<equation<<endl; lld needed = ceil(equation - .000001); cout<<"needed is "<<needed<<endl;

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


I am using a mac and I have a CSV file delimited by tabs. I want to just remove all the content between the 2nd and 3rd tabs or replace it with something like "XXXX". Is there a command for this?

How can I do the following to a CSV file using sed or awk?   Delete a column Duplicate a column Move a column   I have a big table with over 200 rows, and I'm not that familiar with sed.


My problem is about uv mapping. My model has multi parts. I unwrap my model parts then i create uv map image for every single part. In texture painting mode i painted every uv map image but after paint 3 images first and second is gone. I clicked first image and it's just show black color not other colors that i painted. I solved this by save as image but i have to do for all uv map images Is there a other way to do this ?

I was following a  on how to use the Texture Paint feature on blender so I could paint on a terrain I am modeling. I was successful to paint the whole terrain with beautiful, exuberant vegetation, and crystalline water running through the valley.  So I saved my file, and I went to sleep. But now I've reopened the file and everything seems like I left it yesterday, except that I can see no texture in the terrain... The weird thing is that the textures i used are still there... I don't understand, I barely understand the interface, please help. I'm not even sure if the texture is there or if it was never "saved" or something...     I am now going through the second part of the tutorial for possible answers but I (and hopefully many more) will be grateful for your help.


You keep seeing little improvements here and there to the Stack Overflow engine, but apart from the Stack Overflow blog that talks of the major events I haven't heard of a blog-like site that tells you the newly implemented features. Like recently we have:   Copy profile from Stack Overflow, Server Fault, Super User, Meta Stack Overflow Comments by OP show in a box   Or can we use this question to post updates? .. with little pictures if possible.

This is an unofficial list/changelog of new features and various changes to Stack Overflow and the Stack Exchange network.  It is maintained by the community, while a Stack Exchange employee changes the accepted answer to ensure that the latest changes remain on top (given default user settings).  To see the list in reverse chronological order (latest entry on top), .  For those adding new features here: please post only feature changes that affect the whole network and have some global impact. i.e. bug fixes don't belong here, nor do mobile app updates.


My employer where I worked for 2 months last year (at the end of 2015/beginning of 2016) isn't able/willing to generate W-2 for whatever reasons. I see on the IRS website that if he doesn't get back to me by Feb 14, I need to call the IRS, and they will call the employer to generate a W-2. Has anyone done this before? Also, is it really required to wait until Feb 14, as I am 100% sure he is not going to do anything about it? Can I call IRS now or after Jan 31st?  For more background, , in which I ask about the same employment period for last year's taxes.

My employer didn't send me W-2 for December 2015. In fact, he told me that I wasn't on payroll for the two months(Dec/Jan) I worked for them so I am not sure whether he will be able to generate W-2 for me or not. I am wondering should I call IRS and inform them about the same, and probably they will call the employer? Or should I report my December 2015 earnings as Miscellaneous and report to IRS while filing taxes? Or what other options do I have? I am a non resident alien on F-1 Visa. My employer also has not paid me full salary as promised, which I am discussing with him.  Also, I got paid by check in January month for my December payment, so I am wondering does this apply for 2015 tax filing as I got paid in January 2016?


Recently I bought an LG External DVD Writer that is TV compatible. But after a couple of times it stopped working on my Sony LED TV. It would start spinning, but stop after two seconds. This would go on and on.  I assumed that it wasn't receiving enough power from the TV USB port (the DVD writer was rated to 1.6A). So I made a simple USB Y-connector where I took two male USB plugs and one female. Connected the red and black of the female to one of the male USB and the green and yellow alone to the second male USB plug.   I connected the data Male USB to my PC and plugged in the power male USB to a USB power adapter rated to 2.1A. Finally I plugged in a USB thumb drive to the female USB plug to test it out.   But there doesn't seem to be any activity.  Is there something wrong with the wiring itself or simply because there is an improper connection made.

Is it possible to split micro USB to USB cable so two cables (data + and data -) go to the PC with USB and two other power cables go to power brick?


I have a Hitachi 5400 RPM 60.0 GB 2.5 hard drive that clicks once when it is powered on and is not recognizable in my computer or in disk management.  I have also tried connecting to a Linux box and used fdisk -l but no such luck the drive is not recognized.  To replace the controller to see if this will allow me to recover data from the drive, must I use the EXACT same make/model of what this drive is or will the controller from any 2.5 hard drive accomplish the same goal?  If not what other method is recommended to recover data from a hard drive that a PC does not recognize?  EDIT The link to the possible duplicate ? gives options of how to recover data from a drive that your computer can still recognize.  My computer will not recognize the drive at all.

What steps can I take to try to recover lost or inaccessible data from any storage device?  Answers:   This applies to any computer storage device, e.g. internal/external hard drives, USB sticks, flash memory. The most important thing is to STOP using it, any type of I/O can ruin your chances of a recovery.     We have separate questions covering common problems with USB flash drives in greater detail:


I have flagged  as "not an answer" - the description of the flag is:     This was posted as an answer, but it does not answer the question. It should possibly be an edit, a comment, another question, or deleted altogether.   (emphasis mine)  This was declined as:     flags should not be used to indicate technical inaccuracies, or an altogether wrong answer   (emphasis mine)    In this specific case, the answer given does not answer the question. It is on a tangent that is entirely unrelated to the question and the issue the OP is having.  How should I have handled/flagged this?  How should one flag "answers" that have nothing to do with the question - not answers that are wrong, but simply completely unrelated?  I find the description of the "not an answer" flag misleading in view of the decline reason.    Update:  I had originally commented on this answer, asking the poster what relationship it has to the question (or words to that effect) - the comment was removed, probably by the same moderator.

Checking the moderator tools this morning I see 60 not-an-answer flags out of which only a several I could agree with. The rest were just bad answers, wrong answers or lazy answers.  The way I understand from experience, is that an answer is not-an-answer if the contents of the post cannot be interpreted as an attempt to answer the question. This usually means that the answer post amounts to asking a question to the poster's own problem, asking for clarification, spam etc.   However, the description for the flag says:     This was posted as an answer, but it does not answer the question. It should possibly be an edit, a comment, another question, or deleted altogether.   Does not answer the question. To me (and apparently to many others, even ) that says a very different thing that the flag should be used for. Technically incorrect answers do not answer the question but they are still answers, though low quality. Low quality vague suggestions don't really answer the question but they are still answers. Not-an-answer flags for these have typically been declined.  In my opinion, these type of answers should just be downvoted until the poster naturally deletes it themselves (or 3 trusted users vote deletion) and everyone gains their reputation back.  So my question is, should the not-an-answer flag description be clarified seeing as there is so much noise being generated?  Here are some examples:   - lazy/bad/wrong answer.  - ditto  - ditto    My question is different from . I flat out just want to change the flag description and not require people to read that post in meta or get their flags declined to understand how the flag should be used.


I've seen similar questions to my question, as has been suggested by some responses to the first version, but the answers (e.g. from Christopher L), don't help me understand exactly why the Hausdorff measure decreases as delta increases. In particular I'm not able to see why the infimum of the sum of the diameters of the cover could become smaller.  Please could someone spell it out for me.  Thank you.

In trying to understand the definition of Hausdorff dimension I'm trying to get a good understanding of Hausdorff measure. On wikipedia they first make the following definition (:     Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space, $S$ be any subset of $X$ and $\delta>0$   be a real number, then define      $H_{\delta }^{d}(S)=\inf {\Bigl \{}\sum _{{i=1}}^{\infty  }(\operatorname {diam}\;U_{i})^{d}:\bigcup _{{i=1}}^{\infty  }U_{i}\supseteq S,\,\operatorname {diam}\;U_{i}<\delta {\Bigr \}}$.   Then we take $\lim_{\delta\to 0} H_{\delta }^{d}(S)$ as a definition of $d$-dimensional Hausdorff measure.  What I am stuck on right now is the motivation for this limit that they give saying:  "Note that $H_{\delta }^{d}(S)$ is monotone decreasing in $\delta$, since the larger $\delta$ is, the more collections of sets are permitted, making the infimum smaller."  As I understand it we are taking the infimum over a set of sums of all the diameters of each set in a cover. Now say we increase $\delta$ so that we can cover $S$ with a $\delta$-ball. Then how is increasing $\delta$ even more going to permit a cover with an even smaller "total diameter" than before? I might have forgotten or misunderstood something trivial but I don't see why the infimum would necessarily change by allowing "bigger" sets in the covers.   In conclusion my question is:  Q: Will someone give an explanation to why the statement made in the above quotation is true (and/or preferably give some intuition for it)?  (My level is undergraduate.)


private void browser_LoadingStateChanged(object sender, LoadingStateChangedEventArgs e)     {         addressbar.Text = browser.Address;     }  I have no idea why this is breaking.

I have a scenario. (Windows Forms, C#, .NET)   There is a main form which hosts some user control. The user control does some heavy data operation, such that if I directly call the UserControl_Load method the UI become nonresponsive for the duration for load method execution. To overcome this I load data on different thread (trying to change existing code as little as I can)   I used a background worker thread which will be loading the data and when done will notify the application that it has done its work.   Now came a real problem. All the UI (main form and its child usercontrols) was created on the primary main thread. In the LOAD method of the usercontrol I'm fetching data based on the values of some control (like textbox) on userControl.    The pseudocode would look like this:  CODE 1  UserContrl1_LoadDataMethod() {     if (textbox1.text == "MyName") // This gives exception     {         //Load data corresponding to "MyName".         //Populate a globale variable List<string> which will be binded to grid at some later stage.     } }   The Exception it gave was     Cross-thread operation not valid: Control accessed from a thread other than the thread it was created on.   To know more about this I did some googling and a suggestion came up like using the following code  CODE 2  UserContrl1_LoadDataMethod() {     if (InvokeRequired) // Line #1     {         this.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(UserContrl1_LoadDataMethod));         return;     }      if (textbox1.text == "MyName") // Now it wont give an exception     {     //Load data correspondin to "MyName"         //Populate a globale variable List<string> which will be binded to grid at some later stage     } }   BUT BUT BUT... it seems I'm back to square one. The Application again  become nonresponsive. It seems to be due to the execution of line #1 if condition. The loading task is again done by the parent thread and not the third that I spawned.  I don't know whether I perceived this right or wrong. I'm new to threading.  How do I resolve this and also what is the effect of execution of Line#1 if block?  The situation is this: I want to load data into a global variable based on the value of a control. I don't want to change the value of a control from the child thread. I'm not going to do it ever from a child thread.   So only accessing the value so that the corresponding data can be fetched from the database.


I wanted to close "" and suggest move to  but the other sites choices did not contain the Unix board. How are the choice selection lists for moving questions made? How can I move a question to the actually on-topic board?

Is there a way to vote a question "belongs on" a StackExchange site, that is not one of the sites provided in the close > off topic menu?


I know its a newbie question but I have a VAIO VGN-CR353 running linux openSuSE 12.2. The Hard-disk has only one partition (under IDE there is only home/sda1). I want to install Windows on a separate partition without affecting the current OS, can I do that? And if not, I am willing to remove and reinstall the current installation of linux, but I'm not sure how to separate partitions and ensure each OS runs on a single partition. Thanks.

I am trying to recover an installation of Linux on my machine, preferably without having to reinstall Linux (and possibly Windows) altogether.  I have installed  first, and then installed Windows 7. I can no longer boot into Linux, presumably because Windows has overwritten the boot sector and/or master boot record.  I have tried to use  to gain access to my Linux install, without much luck.  What can I do to fix this?


How can I create a straight line when I know the coordinates of the first point, and I know the distance and angle to the end point but I don't know the coordinates of the end point?   Example:    Start point 1: -44.14984703 -19.82517271  End point 2: (unknown lat and long) distance => 200km (note: at 75 degrees from point 1)   Note: if there is also a way in which I can discover the lat and long based on the distance from point 1 and the degree (75º), I think it would work too, I just don't know how to apply.  (Translated from Portuguese using .)

I know two latlng points and also can get distance between 2 points. But how do I can get a latlng point on 1/3 of the distance of 2 points. latlng1  = [37.7052918, -8.8420179] latlng2  = [37.7062884, -8.8425087]  var point1 = new OpenLayers.Geometry.Point(latlng1.lon, latlng1.lat); var point2 = new OpenLayers.Geometry.Point(latlng2.lon, latlng2.lat);  var line = new OpenLayers.Geometry.LineString([p1, p2]); alert(line.getGeodesicLength(new OpenLayers.Projection("EPSG:4326")));


This is the input file with "comma" delimiter.  $ cat dine_final.txt FILENAME,FILESIZE,FILECOUNT bur_m2_j12_re_yyyymmdd.dat,1235,1254 bur_m2_j13_re_yyyymmdd.dat,125,12546825 bur_m2_j14_re_yyyymmdd.dat,12565652425,125856 bur_m2_j35_re_yyyymmdd.dat,125,12 bur_m2_j40_re_yyyymmdd.dat,123542,1254 macys_unified_RE_prod_yyyymmdd.dat,12354,1254   I want the output with the good looking format. all the fields under "FILENAME" should start with exact same beginning, "FILESIZE" should start with same field, "FILECOUNT" should start with same field.  FILENAME                                FILESIZE        FILECOUNT bur_m2_j12_re_yyyymmdd.dat              1235            1254 bur_m2_j13_re_yyyymmdd.dat              125             12546825 bur_m2_j14_re_yyyymmdd.dat              12565652425     125856 bur_m2_j35_re_yyyymmdd.dat              125             12 bur_m2_j40_re_yyyymmdd.dat              123542          1254 macys_unified_RE_prod_yyyymmdd.dat      12354           1254

Sometimes, I'm getting as an input tab separated list, which is not quite aligned, for instance  var1  var2  var3 var_with_long_name_which_ruins_alignment  var2 var3   Is there an easy way to render them aligned?  var1                                      var2  var3 var_with_long_name_which_ruins_alignment  var2  var3


Here is my situation: My husband and I have a house that is over 60 years and we still owe a mortgage on it. The house is in need of lots of repairs and we feel that it would be a money pit if we tried to just make all the repairs, so we are wanting to tear this old house down and build a new house on the same land the old house sits on. I want to know if there are any banks or mortgage companies that will give us a loan to pay off the old mortgage and also finance a new one.

Let's say I buy a home with an ordinary thirty-year mortgage, intending to renovate the house slowly and live there a long time (ten years at least).  Five years into the mortgage, however, I decide I want to build a new house, but I would like to stay at the same address.  In other words, I want to have the old house demolished, and build a new house on the now-empty lot (while I live in a rental), then move back in to the new house and live there indefinitely.  The new house will be bigger and better than the old, so once it's done, the real estate as a whole (land plus improvements) will be worth much more than the original loan amount.  Is there a loan product that covers this kind of process?  Can I take out a construction loan to finance the new building, and then roll it into a conventional mortgage, the way that people do who are building houses on raw undeveloped lots?  What happens to my old mortgage when I do this?  I suspect that the lienholder may not want me to destroy the old house since that reduces the value of the property (at least temporarily) to the value of the raw land, but what other option is there?  What do people do who want to buy an old house for the location, but intend from the start to tear it down and build a new house?  Can this only be done with a large cash outlay upfront?


I have doubt about this sentence.     Help improve Android Studio   I think it should be "Help to improve", because "improve" is a verb.   Is this grammatical correct?   If so, why is it correct? If not so, why is it used this?    I tried to search about it, but I could not found it.

I wrote:      I will help you to acquire Russian.    A native English speaker corrected me saying that 'to' is unnecessary here. Is it correct to say      "I will help you acquire Russian"


The gamma function is defined by  $$\Gamma(z)=\int_0^\infty t^{z-1}e^{-t}dt.$$ What made the mathematicians define it like this instead of $$\Gamma(z)=\int_0^\infty t^{z}e^{-t}dt.$$ This would make the gamma function a "real" generalization of the factorial function $\Gamma(n)=n!$

As a physics student, I have occasionally run across the gamma function  $$\Gamma(n) \equiv \int_0^{\infty}t^{n-1}e^{-t} \textrm{d}t = (n-1)!$$  when we want to generalize the concept of a factorial.  Why not define the gamma function so that   $$\Gamma(n) = n!$$  instead?  I realize either definition is equally good, but if someone were going to ask me to choose one, I would choose the second option.  Are there some areas of mathematics where the accepted definition looks more natural?  Are there some formulas that work out more cleanly with the accepted definition?


recently popped to the top of the active question queue. I spent some time reading the question, added some comments, and then realized that the last visible activity was a month ago.  To make sure I wasn't losing my mind, I returned to the Active queue to see if the question really had appeared there. I saw that the activity was generated by the Community user:    Since no edits appear on the question or answers, what is Community doing that causes the question to be considered "active?" For what it's worth, I have noticed the same behavior a handful of times before today.

I see the  on the user page.  It seems to edit posts sometimes.  What is it? And why has it downvoted over 1800 times? See also:


I am trying to get Java 8 certification i already have Java 6 a long time ago and Java 7 is my weak point because i havent work with it i am a little confuse.  What is a symbolic Link??  According to wikipedia.  In computing, a symbolic link (also symlink or soft link) is a term for any file that contains a reference to another file or directory in the form of an absolute or relative path and that affects pathname resolution.   My questions are.  How Java recognize a symbolic link i mean when this would print true?  final Path path = ... System.out.println(Files.isSymbolicLink(path));   Perhaps this is a silly question but i really want to know!!

Recently I was asked this during a job interview. I was honest and said I knew how a symbolic link behaves and how to create one, but do not understand the use of a hard link and how it differs from a symbolic one.


I have a question about parallel lines and coincident lines. According to wikipedia a parallel line is:     Two lines in a plane that do not intersect or touch at a point are   called parallel lines.   But another reference says     Side by side and having the same distance continuously between them.   And two coincident lines follow each of the given two conditions i.e. they do not intersect at a point (as they intersect in more than one point) and also the distance between them remians same. So are two coinciding lines parallel or am I missing something.

We are learning vectors in class and I have a question about parallel lines and coincident lines. According to wikipedia a parallel line is:      Two lines in a plane that do not intersect or touch at a point are called parallel lines.   But another reference says     Side by side and having the same distance continuously between them.   According to the above definition, you can have two parallel lines with a distance of zero but this contradicts the first definition. So which is it?  EDIT:  If it is the second definition then you can have two lines that are coincident and parallel right?


I am about visit Nepal for 8 weeks, planning to trek the Annapurna circuit, Everest Base Camp and Imja Tse. Most of the landscape is .      How do I avoid getting the snow appear as uniform white surface?   Is there a difference between close-ups and scenery? Do I need to purchase equipment, like polarizers?

It is fast becoming winter, and this will be my first winter that I have a decent camera, so I was wondering how to make the most of the seasons beauty.  I am wondering if there are any techniques that are good for capturing scenes that often occur during the winter in snowy areas. In particular, the terrain will be mostly mountainous, but not exclusively. Obviously there will be a lot of white, and during the day lots of reflection from the snow. I am interested in exposure technique, composition, and special filters. I currently use a circular polarizer, but I don't know what else is good in this situation.  I would also be interested in techniques and such for icy water photos. Some of the locations I will be shooting at will be near lakes and streams, likely to be overtaken by ice this time of year.  EDIT:  are some very inspirational pictures, I thought I would share them. :D


I have my scene looking really good and its ready to go, but when I hit render animation the warning pops up saying "could not open file for writing". Is there a simple step I'm missing?

I just completed my first Blender job. Without thinking, I deleted what I thought was a superfluous .dvd file.   After realizing I rendered my file in black and white instead of RBG, I tried to render my job again but I just get a the warning, "Could not open file for writing." I do have a saved, .blend file. Is it possible to generate another mpeg file from this?


I am working on dotNET and I have changed URL extension from .aspx to .html. Is it good to use .html extension ? My actual URL is www.example.com/Project.aspx?Id=2&Type=this-is-something I have replace this as www.example.com/Projects/2/this-is-something Is it fine ? Else give me suggestion which URL should I use for SEO. I can make URL anyhow I want using URL Rewriting. I want to make it best URL for SEO. Please help me regarding this.

I've always wondered about this and never found a good solution.  But  reminded me of it.  When I have a URL on my website it can be displayed and accessed any of the following ways:  http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/ http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/index.htm http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/index.html http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/index.php http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/index.asp http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/some-relevant-keywords http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/some-relevant-keywords.htm http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/index.php?page=some-relevant-keywords http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/?page=some-relevant-keywords http://www.somesite.com/subdirectory/?page=some-relevant-keywords&even=more-keywords   etc...   Now, I can understand the merits of adding keywords in the URL. Even the most basic SEO guide will mention to do just that. ... but for the sake of sanity, clarity, ease of reading, ease of use, and so on, including web compliance ...  Is it preferred to have a file-extension or not?  Really, deep down my logic tells me: yes, it should. The reason being is this stems back to the days of the past when the internet was mostly USENET, FIDONET, FTP and GOPHER.   See, if a URL has no filename, then it normally is considered a directory. This is where index.htm came about, because this by default lists the directory if no index file is found. However, soon enough, web programmers started overriding this and using index.htm to actually serve the content of that web directory as a page. The main difference, was markup language was added in, and this was parsed in the browser. With this markup language, the Content-Type:text/html; tag in the response header became the indicator to what filetype it was for any file. HTML seems to be the only "filetype" that just doesn't have consistently named extensions, except for when they are saved.  Unfortunately, once web pages became the main thing, it became a security error to actually display the directory contents, so everything stayed hidden with only the actual URL content being displayed.   Not to mention the cross-platform file-naming wars.. windows based require a 3 or less digit extension, and unix/mac can have more. So should it be .HTM or .HTML or NONE and let the platform decide?  So in essence, I guess what I am trying to figure out is beyond SEO and dealing more with aesthetics and web compliance.


I have tried everything, from changing smooth in scrolling chrome://flags to updating drivers. Currently running ubuntu 16.04, and I only get screen tearing in google chrome whether it's watching youtube videos or casually browsing the internet...

This is a kinda weird question I don't know what to file it under but this is the behaviour I observe when I try to access pages like facebook (it happened once with google as well. Happens with tumblr now too).    This is a new thing so I haven't really tried to figure out which pages trigger this, I just switched to firefox which seems to work ok (because I am in the middle of some work that needs to be done without interruptions.  The first time this occured I left the page open and tried to figure out what happened the whole graphics turned off and it went to terminal.  I recently installed a ram dimm (if you think that might be somehow related)  My setup:          CPU: Intel® Pentium(R) CPU B960 @ 2.20GHz × 2 64bit        GPU: Intel® Sandybridge Mobile         RAM: 7.6G   Thanks in advance!  edit: appears to be happening with bookmark manager as well!


I am having trouble with the following proof:   Prove that for every three positive real numbers a, b, and c that   $(a+b+c)*(\frac{1}{a} + \frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{c}) \ge 9$.  I have tried to directly prove this but all I get are dead ends.

I am stuck on these two problems.   $1$. Prove that for every three positive real numbers a, b, and c that   $(a+b+c)*(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b} + \frac{1}{c}) \ge 9$.   $2$. Prove that for every three positive real numbers a, b, and c that  $a^2 + b^2 + c^2  \ge ab + bc + ac$.  I have tried direct proof and have not gotten anywhere significant. I won't put the work on there since it is way too long and I don't think it will help. There must be some sort of trick involved, but for the life of me, I cannot figure it out.


We can calculate the log loss for a classification problem with two classes as follows:    where y is the label of the actual class and p the probability of the class being positive (e.g. P(y=1)).  However, this assumes that y has the classes 0 and 1. What can I do when my class labels are actually -1 and +1? How do you calculate the log loss in that case?

I have seen two types of logistic loss formulations. We can easily show they are identical, the only difference is the definition of the label $y$.  Formulation/notation 1, $y \in \{0, +1\}$:  $$ L(y,\beta^Tx)=-y\log(p)-(1-y)\log(1-p) $$  where $p=\frac 1 {1+\exp(-\beta^Tx)}$, where the logistic function map a real number $\beta^T x$ to 0,1 interval.  Formulation/notation 2, $y \in \{-1, +1\}$:  $$ L(y,\beta^Tx)=\log(1+\exp{(-y\cdot \beta^Tx})) $$  Choosing a notation is like choosing a language, there are pros and cons to use one or another. What are the pros and cons for these two notations?    My attempts to answer this question is that it seems statistics community likes the first notation and computer science community likes the second notation.    First notation can be explained with the term "probability", as the logistic function transform a real number $\beta^Tx$ to 0,1 interval.  And second notation is more concise and it is more easy to compare with hinge loss or 0-1 loss.   Am I right? Any other insights?


Random variable $X$ has uniform distribution on ($0,1$). The question is to find the distribution of $U=|X-1/3|$. So, by using the definition of continuous variables, I got to the equation $Fx(u+1/3)-Fx(-u+1/3)$, and that is correct. Now, I don't understand how to subtract these two functions, since one is non-zero on the interval $(-1/3,2/3)$ and the other on the interval $(-2/3,1/3)$. The answer in the book is $2u$ on ($0,1/3$), $u+1/3$ on ($1/3,2/3$), and $1$ after that.

X has a Uniform distribution $U(0,1)$. I have to find the distribution of the variable $U =|X-1/3|$.  This is what i can get so far :  $F(U) \;{= P\{U < u\} \\ = P\{| X-1/3 | < u\} \\ \ddots}$  I know that i shall get something like $P\{-(U-1/3) < X < U -1/3\}$. Could anyone explain how to get the PDF and the CDF for this problem and explain how can i easily change this absolute values for other problems ( other examples $Z=1-|X|,~~G=|X|-1$ etc..).


Is it possible to download all tiles at all available zoom levels for an entire large city from Google Satellite view layer and if so how to do that through use of available open source software? I want to download all such tiles and serve them from my own geoserver and for offline viewing and testing.   This is for internal use and testing and not for publishing over the wider internet.

I wish to clarify with users who are using Google Earth portable solution. As per portable solution link , we can create part of globe and create offline map to use it.   However FAQ section in :  mentioned as below: Does the Google Earth Portable solution allow you to use Google's imagery? No, the Google Earth Enterprise portable solution is intended to be used in situations where your employees need to access your internal imagery and mapping data. Google does not provide customers with Google licensed data for portable use. Google has many partners that provide custom Google Earth Enterprise portable solutions with high resolution imagery.   Then i am not sure how to use portable solution in offline without Google's imagery data. Any experiences or details on this solution are welcome.


I came to code:   scala> val a = 0 | 1  a: Int = 1  scala> val a = 0 | 1 | 2  a: Int = 3  scala> val a = 0 | 1 | 2 | 3  a: Int = 3  scala> val a = 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4  a: Int = 7   The only result I expected from the | operator is the result of the first command.  I see it behaves like a logic or and also it adds elements in the second command.    Could someone explain the working of the | operator using integers as operators?

I'm someone who writes code just for fun and haven't really delved into it in either an academic or professional setting, so stuff like these bitwise operators really escapes me.  I was reading an article about JavaScript, which apparently supports bitwise operations. I keep seeing this operation mentioned in places, and I've tried reading about to figure out what exactly it is, but I just don't seem to get it at all. So what are they? Clear examples would be great! :D  Just a few more questions - what are some practical applications of bitwise operations? When might you use them?


I have a problem with ssh connection to my remote server. I've just reinstalled remote server recently.      user:~/workspace/cheops-master/frontend $ ssh -o PreferredAuthentications=password root@##.###.##.### @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @    WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!     @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ IT IS POSSIBLE THAT SOMEONE IS DOING SOMETHING NASTY! Someone could be eavesdropping on you right now (man-in-the-middle attack)! It is also possible that a host key has just been changed. The fingerprint for the ECDSA key sent by the remote host is ##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:##:db:20:1a. Please contact your system administrator. Add correct host key in /home/ubuntu/.ssh/known_hosts to get rid of this message. Offending ECDSA key in /home/ubuntu/.ssh/known_hosts:17   remove with: ssh-keygen -f "/home/ubuntu/.ssh/known_hosts" -R ##.###.##.### ECDSA host key for ##.###.##.### has changed and you have requested strict checking. Host key verification failed.     This  doesn't work and it really drives my nuts.  How to connect via ssh with just a password? How to reset any configs for previous server?  P.S. If configs somehow were saved from previous server, I have no idea how it happened because there was no key for previous server and no special configs, just password was used, and yes, there is no need to use the key in my case.  Any advice will be appreciated, thanks!

Is there a way to avoid ssh printing warning messages like this?   @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @    WARNING: REMOTE HOST IDENTIFICATION HAS CHANGED!     @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@   Although the remote host identity has changed but I know it is fine and  just want to get rid of this warning.


I have upgraded my OS version a few times. What is the best way to remove the old kernels and free space?

Every time I install a new Linux kernel, it gets left in the grub_config, making the boot menu longer each time.    I know I can manually search through the installed packages and remove them.  Does Ubuntu provide any easier way to clean them up or keep them from showing in the boot list?


Was reading Wikipedia's proof that the maximum likelihood estimator of variance is biased. Here is a .  I follow the proof until the very last step. We have, $$\sigma^2-E[(\bar{X}-\mu)^2].$$ Noting that $\bar{X}$ is sample mean we rewrite this as, $$\sigma^2-E\bigg[\bigg(\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^{n}X_i+\frac{1}{n}\mu\bigg)^2\bigg],$$ but I don't see how it follows that this is equivalent to $\frac{1}{n}\sigma^2$.

Let $X_1, X_2, \ldots X_n$ be random variables with mean $\mu$ and variance $\sigma^2$. We define the sample mean $\bar{X} = \sum_{i = 1}^n X_i$.  I am having trouble understanding why the variance of $\bar{X}$ is $\sigma^2 / n$.  Here is what I worked out thus far:  $$\begin{gather} \sigma_\bar{X}^2 = E((\bar{X} - \mu)^2) = E(\bar{X}^2 - 2\bar{X}\mu + \mu^2) = E(\bar{X}^2) - 2\mu E(\bar{X}) + E(\mu^2) = E(\bar{X}^2) - \mu. \end{gather}$$  However, I'm not sure what to do with the $E(\bar{X}^2)$.


I'm using below query :      select i.name as 'index name',c.name as 'column' from sys.indexes i      join  sys.columns c  on i.object_id = c.object_id;   the query is returning me data like :      clst    bitpos     clst    cid     clst    colguid     clust   cmprlevel     clust   fgidfs     clust   fillfact   However, I want to see my data like:    clst  bitpos, cid,    colguid   clust cmprlevel,  fgidfs  fillfact   I tried with distinct and group by like this. But it's not working:      select distinct(i.name) as 'index name',c.name as 'column' from s     ys.indexes i join  sys.columns c  on i.object_id = c.object_id group by i.name;   Could any one please help with this. I'm using mssql

I'm trying to migrate a MySQL-based app over to Microsoft SQL Server 2005 (not by choice, but that's life).  In the original app, we used almost entirely ANSI-SQL compliant statements, with one significant exception -- we used MySQL's group_concat function fairly frequently.  group_concat, by the way, does this: given a table of, say, employee names and projects...  SELECT empName, projID FROM project_members;   returns:  ANDY   |  A100 ANDY   |  B391 ANDY   |  X010 TOM    |  A100 TOM    |  A510   ... and here's what you get with group_concat:  SELECT      empName, group_concat(projID SEPARATOR ' / ')  FROM      project_members  GROUP BY      empName;   returns:  ANDY   |  A100 / B391 / X010 TOM    |  A100 / A510   So what I'd like to know is: Is it possible to write, say, a user-defined function in SQL Server which emulates the functionality of group_concat?   I have almost no experience using UDFs, stored procedures, or anything like that, just straight-up SQL, so please err on the side of too much explanation :)


I'm writing an article for AAAI 2020 which has its own restriction- reference should be last and without figures after it. In addition, using \newpage or \pagebreak is not allowed at all. Articles finished this way in.tex: \section{ Acknowledgments}  text text ...  \bibliography{gan.bib} \end{document}  However, I got images after references.  Images and tables added this way: \begin{table}[**!htbp**] \begin{tabular}{l|l|l} ..... \end{tabular}  \caption{aaaa} \label{tbsamplers} \end{table}  Any suggestion on how to fix my problem?

I'm writing a document which contains a lot of big figures and tables. Usually I use [htb] for the float position, however, when the float occupies an entire page, it's placed in the next page, O.K!, but when I continue writing, the float jumps to the last page, E. G.:  \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{blindtext} \usepackage{tabularx} \usepackage{booktabs} \begin{document} \blindtext \begin{table}[htb] \centering \caption{Example table} \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{X} \toprule \blindtext \blindtext \blindtext\\ \bottomrule \end{tabularx} \end{table} \Blindtext \end{document}      Why the table is placed in the last page intead of the second page and continues the text in the last page? how can I avoid this?


After Anakin informs Windu that Palpatine is a Sith Lord, Mace and 3 Jedi (Kit Fisto, Agen Kolar, and Saesee Tiin) go to arrest him. After a bit of banter Darth Sidious then kills the three Jedi almost instantly.     Why were they so rubbish?! And why was Windu so much better? They were all on the council IIRC. No wonder Palpatine was making so many funny faces.

When Mace Windu and the 3 other Jedi Masters confront Chancellor Palpatine as the Sith Lord, Darth Sidious unveils himself and attacks the Jedi. In one move he takes out Agen Kolar, who wasn't even facing Darth Sidious.  How did that happen? Was this some kind of special move Sidious deployed to disorient the Jedi?


Should my disability be included in my Statement of Purpose?  Background:  I've recently received my masters degree in mathematics and I'm looking to transfer for my PhD.  I had an undiagnosed neurological disorder for most of my undergraduate career. It wasn't managed until partially into graduate school. It would manifest itself through frequent migraines and even occasional blindness. Consequentially, I would have semesters with low attendance and there would even be the occasional test that I wouldn't attend or that I would attend but be effectively useless.  When it was diagnosed I had it documented with the school's disability services, but I never requested accommodation.  My advisers think I have a shot at some decent schools without knowing about this.  Thoughts:  I don't want to be treated differently at a new school. Especially since it's well managed now and I don't need any accommodations. I also don't want my current advisers to think of me differently. However, it also seems absurd to avoid talking about something that has had such a strong impact on my academic career.  I've seen this question:  . I didn't feel like it applied to me because I am not requesting accommodations and my disorder is no longer as serious of a problem to me.

Condition  I have been suffering from day time sleepiness (9-10 hrs of sleep and still struggle to stay awake), fatigue, memory loss and lack of concentration. The doctor found that I suffocate in my sleep: I stop breathing several times per hour.   In a few days, I will be undergoing surgery to modify my airway (nose, throat) that, according to the doctor, will completely resolve these problems.  Background  My profile is OK: undergrad valedictorian, scholarships, awards, numerous research experiences and skills. But my condition was exacerbated during the masters and I graduated "B+" instead of continuing my straight "A" performance during undergrad. Also, I felt that I could have performed better in standardized tests (GREs), do more research etc without my condition.  Questions   Should I make this medical condition known in my research/personal statement? I fear the reader might assume that I am not as "able" as completely healthy candidates. Or perhaps there is no benefits at all to bringing this up? If so, how should I put it to avoid sounding like I am making excuses or whining?


Does there exist a sequence of continuous positive functions $f_n$ on $\mathbb{R}$ such that the sequence $\{f_n(x)\}_{n=1}^\infty$ is unbounded if and only if $x\in\mathbb{Q}$?   I was thinking of letting $\mathbb{Q}=\{r_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ and for each $n$, letting $f_n\in C(\mathbb{R})$ be such that $f_n(x)=n$ for $x=r_1,\ldots,r_n$ and $0$ outside small disjoint intervals around $r_1,\ldots,r_n$. We would have $f_n(x)\to\infty$ for all $x\in\mathbb{Q}$. But maybe $f_n(x)$ is not necessarily bounded for $x\notin\mathbb{Q}$.

Is it possible to find a sequence of positive continuous functions $g_n$ on the real numbers such that $( g_n(x) )$ is unbounded if and only if $x \in \mathbb{Q}$ ?


As you know for trying to install softwares,terminal ask us for a password!but every time i trying to install software with sudo apt-get install command,my terminal ask me for a password,but when i typed it,it does not appear in terminal & terminal does not have any reaction to my typing!when i close terminal and start it again every thing is ok until i do same command for installing.

When I'm about to install a program in the terminal it wants the password:  [sudo] password for xxx:   But when I start to type my password nothing happens. What should I do?


I accidentally deleted the /usr/bin/sudo file. How can I restore it?  I have found , but it seems to be not solved.

This seems to be a chicken-egg problem. The most common task using sudo is installing and removing software.  sudo apt-get purge <appname>   But sudo itself can be removed.  sudo apt-get purge sudo # Do not run this command on production computers!   This is where the fun comes  ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo bash: /usr/bin/sudo: No such file or directory   Although it's obvious that no person in his right mind will purge sudo (other than me), someone can be fooled to run this command (not directly, in its hex mode, or whatever it's called) or a person could SSH in disguised as tech guru and do the mess.  So is there a way of reinstalling sudo?


In the following command I would like to know why $0 was evaluated to the file found by find and not the echo command.  $ find . -type f -perm -u=x -exec bash -c '   /bin/echo $0 is the name of the file' {} \;   I know that if I had used double quotes, $0 would equal -bash and using single quotes delays the expansion, but why doesn't it expand to /bin/echo since that is the called command (which normally would be $0)?

Usually, $0 in a script is set to the name of the script, or to whatever it was invoked as (including the path). However, if I use bash with the -c option, $0 is set to the first of the arguments passed after the command string:  bash -c 'echo $0' foo bar  # foo    In effect, it seems like positional parameters have been shifted, but including $0. However shift in the command string doesn't affect $0 (as normal):  bash -c 'echo $0; shift; echo $0' foo bar # foo # foo   Why this apparently odd behaviour for command strings? Note that I am looking for the reason, the rationale, behind implementing such odd behaviour.     One could speculate that such a command string wouldn't need the $0 parameter as usually defined, so for economy it is also used for normal arguments. However, in that case the behaviour of shift is odd. Another possibility is that $0 is used to define the behaviour of programs (a la bash called as sh or vim called as vi), but that cannot be, since $0 here is only seen in the command string and not by programs called within it. I cannot think of any other uses for $0, so I am at a loss to explain this.


If the conductor 'CD' rotates in clockwise direction in the figure, voltage will be induced on it. What will be the polarity of the voltage on terminal of the conductor 'CD' when the conductor rotates in clockwise direction according to the right hand rule.   If the conductor CD rotates in counterclockwise direction what will be the polarity of the conductor 'CD' on its terminnal? Will it be same like when the conductor was moving in clockwise direction or will be opposite that that according to the Fleming's right hand rule?   ?

When the loop is the figure shown below will be rotated in clockwise direction the the slip ring connected to the red segment of the loop will give us the positive voltage and the slip ring connected to the black segment of the loop will give us negative voltage according to the Flemings right hand rule.  What if the loop is rotated in counter clockwise direction ? Will the slip rings provide us the same polarities which they were giving when the loop was moving clockwise ?  Plus  The voltage from the loop is given by the equation.  V(t) = Vmaximum * sin (theta)  Where theta is the positive angle the red segment makes in the clockwise direction or in counter clockwise direction from this position ?


find the equation of plane pass through three points: A(-5,0,4) B(0,-4,4) D(-5.0.0)  and  O (0,0,0) E (0,-4,0) G (0,0,4)

I'm writing a computer graphics library, and I'd like to compute the plane that passes through three arbitrary points, $p$, $q$ and $r$. I'm defining the plane in the form of $Ax + By + Cz + D = 0$.  My algebra is rather rusty, but I suspect this is a job for some simultaneous equations I'll need to solve a system of equations:  $$0 = \begin{cases} Ax_p + By_p + Cz_p + D \\ Ax_q + By_q + Cz_q+ D \\ Ax_r + By_r + Cz_r + D \end{cases}$$  How would I efficiently find the values of $A$, $B$, $C$ and $D$ with respect to $p$, $q$ and $r$?


Suppose you are inside a closed box which is moving with a constant speed with no acceleration whatsoever. You cannot see outside the box. If you are given all the instruments you need, what experiment could you perform to ascertain that you are, in fact, in motion?  This was a question asked in an interview for admission to a pure sciences research university. The only thing I was able to think of was maybe if we somehow converted the mass of some object into energy it would be slightly more than what we would expect from $E=mc^2$ since it also has kinetic energy. Is this even remotely correct? Does it even have an answer or was it simply a trick question?

It has been a while since I've thought about physics, however, I remember something about how if you are on a train with no windows that is going perfectly straight and is perfectly smooth, there is no experiment that you could perform to prove that you are in motion or at rest. So I have a couple of questions related to this.   Is this still held to be true? I was just wondering if anything in physics has come to light since I learned about this (about 10 years ago) that would allow an observer on the train to tell if they are moving. If this is true, why couldn't you accelerate a particle in different directions to a certain mass and measure how much energy it took to get it up to that mass. If you were moving in any direction, wouldn't you measure less energy in your direction of travel? Would having an outside observer affect the aforementioned experiment in any way?


In Randall Munroe's What If, he says that "if you want to be mean to first-year calculus students, you can ask them to take the derivative of $(lnx)^e$" He says, as I would expect, that the result "looks like it should be $1$ or something, but it's not." Why is this? And what's the actual answer?

Randall Munroe, the creator of  in his latest book  writes (p. 175) that the mathematical analog of the phrase "knock me over with a feather" is seeing the expression $ \ln( x )^{e}$. And he writes regarding this expression: "it's not that, taken literally, it doesn't make sense - it's that you can't imagine a situation where this would apply."  In the footer (same page) he also states that "if you want to be mean to first year calculus students, you can ask them to take the derivative of $ \ln( x )^{e}$. It looks like it should be "$1$" or something but it's not."  I don't get the joke. I think I am not understanding something correctly and I'm not appreciating the irony. Any help?


I created a flowchart which is quite big in Tikz. I spans three pages. I used \newpage to create page breaks in between. Some nodes in the first page are connected to the last one and vice versa. So when I try to create arrows to link them, it is not getting connected. Could anyone suggest a better way to create this long flowchart? Outline of the code is as below:  \begin{tikzpicture} \node(1)[]; \node (2)[]; ........ \end {tikzpicture}  \newpage  \begin{tikzpicture} \node(3)[]; \node (4)[]; ........ \end {tikzpicture} \newpage  \begin{tikzpicture} \node(5)[]; \node(6)[]; ........ \end {tikzpicture}  %arrows and flow lines \draw [arrow] (node1) -- (node2); \draw [arrow] (node3) -- (node4);

I am trying to create a flowchart with Tikz. Since it is a long one, it spans three pages. So after creating a node to stop, I am continuing to the next page using \newpage command. Unfortunately some elements in page 1 are connected to page 2, 3 and vice versa. So when I try to create the arrow connection, it is not possible since the \newpage command comes in between. I am sharing the code with you for info. Could  anyone help me to improve the flowchart so that I could direct the arrows among multiple pages. My sample code is below:  \begin{tikzpicture} \node 1 \node 2 ........ \draw[arrow] (node1)--(node2) \draw[arrow] (node2)--(node3) ---- \end tikzpicture} \newpage \begin{tikzpicture} \node 1 \node 2 ........ \draw[arrow] (node1)--(node2) \draw[arrow] (node2)--(node3) ---- \end tikzpicture} \newpage  \begin{tikzpicture} \node 1 \node 2 ........ \draw[arrow] (node1)--(node2) \draw[arrow] (node2)--(node3) ---- \end tikzpicture}


I have 3 valid values: a,b,c I can insert them in a N×3 grid in such a way that no row or column contains cells that are the same values. How can I calculate the number of valid patterns that can be created using N rows? For example, if N = 4, the total number of valid pattern is 296490.  This is my attempt: def countPatterns(n):      dp1, dp2 = 6,6     mod = 10 ** 9 + 7          for i in range(2, n+1):         dp1, dp2 = (dp1 * 3 + dp2 * 2) % mod, (dp1 * 2 + dp2 * 2) % mod     return (dp1 + dp2) % mod  When N = 4, the output should be 174 but I'm getting 54.

I have been reading about Combinatorial Material for a while now.  I also solved a few examples. However am stuck at this one.     Find the total number of ways a $3 \times n$ board can be painted using $3$ colors while making sure no cells of the same row or the same column have entirely the same color.  The answer must be computed modulo $10^9 + 7$.   I saw the solutions to $3 \times n$ using  colors but all these had the constraint that no adjacent cells were to have the same color. There's no such constraint here.  So am just not sure how to do this given the center row can have a bunch of options as well.  Thanks for any help.


package com.reducer.wc; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.*; import org.apache.hadoop.conf.*; import org.apache.hadoop.fs.*; import org.apache.hadoop.io.*; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.*; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.*; import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.*; import org.apache.hadoop.util.*; public class WordCount extends Configured implements Tool {   public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {     int res = ToolRunner.run(new WordCount(), args);     System.exit(res);   }   public int run(String[] args) throws Exception {     Path inputPath = new Path(args[0]);     Path outputPath = new Path(args[1]);     Configuration conf = getConf();     Job job = new Job(conf, this.getClass().toString());     FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, inputPath);     FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, outputPath);     job.setJobName("WordCount");     job.setJarByClass(WordCount.class);     job.setInputFormatClass(TextInputFormat.class);     job.setOutputFormatClass(TextOutputFormat.class);     job.setMapOutputKeyClass(Text.class);     job.setMapOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);     job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);     job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);     job.setMapperClass(Map.class);     job.setCombinerClass(Reduce.class);     job.setReducerClass(Reduce.class);     return job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0 : 1;   }   public static class Map extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, Text, IntWritable> {     private final static IntWritable one = new IntWritable(1);     private Text word = new Text();     @Override     public void map(LongWritable key, Text value,                     Mapper.Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {       String line = value.toString();       StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(line);       while (tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {         word.set(tokenizer.nextToken());         context.write(word, one);       }     }   }   public static class Reduce extends Reducer<Text, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {     @Override     public void reduce(Text key, Iterable<IntWritable> values, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {       int sum = 0;       for (IntWritable value : values) {         sum += value.get();       }       context.write(key, new IntWritable(sum));     }   } }   I am running this in eclipse it gives following error !  Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/cli/ParseException     at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:59)     at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:79)     at com.reducer.wc.WordCount.main(WordCount.java:17) Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.commons.cli.ParseException     at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)     at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)     at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)     at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)     ... 3 more      What is the actual reason for this error. Do, I have to make the jar   and run it in hadoop to see the output ? or else i can see it in   eclipse. I am using a hadoop plugin in eclipse.   Thanks in advance.

I am getting a NoClassDefFoundError when I run my Java application.  What is typically the cause of this?


Two questions: I thought that a resistor network/array was just a combination of resistors together. Is there anything more to it? This question distinguished a resistor network vs a bunch of discrete resistors:   Why don't you combine all the resistors together into one resistor?

I've been looking over some board designs and have been trying to identify the reasons behind using resistor networks over individual resistors. Some guesses I can think of are a reduced part-count and complexity. Does it also follow that a design using a resistor network is cheaper than one that uses individual resistors? Because of this, I would think one would try to maximize use of networks, but many of the designs use several individual resistors instead and I can't figure out why.  And a separate but relevant question: are capacitor networks in the same boat?


Was moving a movie file using mv but I typed the directory wrong. It turned my movie file into a Unix Executable File.   mv /path/to/folder/1/this.mov /path/to/folder2  /folder2 did not exist  Can I undo this action or return this file to a .mov?  I fear that this is not an undo thing. Any help or guidance will be a great thing.  Thank you

I was attempting to utilize the mv command to move a file onto a remote server. I ended up executing the command...  mv sqlreport.php myuser@mywebsite.org   Unfortunately, this did not work. Worse, my file seems to have disappeared. A new file, myuser@mywebsite.org, has appeared, but it is not a directory (In that I cannot cd into it).  Any tips on where my file may have gone, and how to rescue it?


If $f$ entire and non-constant function, then for fix $x \in \mathbb{C}$ the set of $(z \in \mathbb{C} : f(z)=x)$ is finite or countable.   I was trying to prove this statement by contradiction or using the continuity of $f$ but unsuccessfully.

Let $f$ be holomorphic in a domain $U$, then $f$ has at most countably zeros.  How can I prove this statement? I have seen it in Sheng Gong  explicitly, but without any indications.


I changed the PS1 for terminal to   export PS1="\033[0;33m\h:\W \u\$ \e[m"   Now, it doesn't type into new lines in case of a long sentence. Instead, it just overwrites on the existing written stuff in the same line.   Am I missing something ?

Something I have noticed in Ubuntu for a long time that has been frustrating to me is when I am typing a command at the command line that gets longer (wider) than the terminal width, instead of wrapping to a new line, it goes back to column 1 on the same line and starts over-writing the beginning of my command line. (It doesn't actually overwrite the actual command, but visually, it is overwriting the text that was displayed).  It's hard to explain without seeing it, but let's say my terminal was 20 characters wide (Mine is more like 120 characters - but for the sake of an example), and I want to echo the English alphabet.  What I type is this:  echo abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz   But what my terminal looks like before I hit the  key is:  pqrstuvwxyzghijklmno   When I hit enter, it echos  abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz   so I know the command was received properly.  It just wrapped my typing after the "o" and started over on the same line.    What I would expect to happen, if I typed this command in on a terminal that was only 20 characters wide would be this:  echo abcdefghijklmno pqrstuvwxyz   Background: I am using bash as my shell, and I have this line in my ~/.bashrc:  set -o vi   to be able to navigate the command line with VI commands.  I am currently using Ubuntu 10.10 server, and connecting to the server with Putty.  In any other environment I have worked in, if I type a long command line, it will add a new line underneath the line I am working on when my command gets longer than the terminal width and when I keep typing I can see my command on 2 different lines.  But for as long as I can remember using Ubuntu, my long commands only occupy 1 line.  This also happens when I am going back to previous commands in the history (I hit Esc, then 'K' to go back to previous commands) - when I get to a previous command that was longer than the terminal width, the command line gets mangled and I cannot tell where I am at in the command.  The only work-around I have found to see the entire long command is to hit "Esc-V", which opens up the current command in a VI editor.  I don't think I have anything odd in my .bashrc file.  I commented out the "set -o vi" line, and I still had the problem.  I downloaded a fresh copy of Putty and didn't make any changes to the configuration - I just typed in my host name to connect, and I still have the problem, so I don't think it's anything with Putty (unless I need to make some config changes)  Has anyone else had this problem, and can anyone think of how to fix it?  Edit  It was my .bashrc file.  I've copied the same profile from machine to machine, and I used special characters in my $PS1 that are somehow throwing it off.  I'm now sticking with the standard bash variables for my $PS1.  Thanks to @ændrük for the tip on the .bashrc!  ...End Edit...


How to convert below inner join SQL statement into LINQ statement   SELECT ca.[CUS_ADDRESS_ID]   ,ca.MASTER_CUSTOMER_ID        ,ca.[ADDRESS_1]         ,[CITY]   ,[STATE]   ,COUNTRY_CODE   ,cad.ADDRESS_TYPE_CODE   ,cad.ADDRESS_STATUS_CODE      inner join [CUS_ADDRESS_DETAIL] cad on ca.CUS_ADDRESS_ID = cad.CUS_ADDRESS_ID and cad.PRIORITY_SEQ = 0   where ca.CUSTOMER_ID = '0000026'   and assign to    public class Location {            public string CustomerNumber { get; set; }     public string City { get; set; }     public string State { get; set; }     public string Country { get; set; }     public string AddressLocCode { get; set; }     public string AddressStatus { get; set; } }

I'm writing a LINQ to SQL statement, and I'm after the standard syntax for a normal inner join with an ON clause in C#.  How do you represent the following in LINQ to SQL:  select DealerContact.* from Dealer  inner join DealerContact on Dealer.DealerID = DealerContact.DealerID


I've been trying to make xcompmgrto autostart in Lubuntu 11.10 but it just doesn't, I have to start it manually.  I have added the next lines to the autostart script in ~/.config/openbox/  #Run a composite manager xcompmgr &   But whenever I log in it doesn't do anything, I don't really need any special parameters for it I just want it to start at log in.  How can I make it run automatically at login?

Is there a 'Startup applications' app for lubuntu? Or how do I add apps to startup? I attempted a tutorial to add entries to ~/.config/autostart, but it did not work. Isn't there an easy way? Any ideas please?


I am studying for my PDEs test and I want to make sure I can solve this type of equations.  I used the method of characteristics.  $$\frac{\mathrm{d}y}{\mathrm{d}x} = \frac{b}{a} = y$$  Integrating I get $$C = ye^{-x}$$ where $C$ is a constant.  I can make the substitutions $$\xi = x$$ $$\eta = ye^{-x}$$ $$u(x,y) = w(\xi,\eta)$$  Substituting in the PDE, in terms of $w, \eta, \xi$ it becomes $$\frac{\mathrm{d}w}{\mathrm{d}\xi} + w = 0$$  I used the Integrating factor method to solve this ODE, which gives  $$w = f(\eta) e ^{-\xi}$$  If we substitute back to $u, x, y$ this becomes  $$w(\xi,\eta)=u(x,y)=f(ye^{-x})e^{-x}$$ The initial conditions give $$u(0,y)=\cos y =f(y)$$  Thus, the final solution is $$u(x,y) = \cos (ye^{-x})e^{-x}$$  Is this correct? Thanks in advance.

I have been studying PDEs using Peter Olver's textbook. I have learnt how to solve equations such as $u_t + 2u_x = \sin(x)$ subject to an initial condition such as $u(0,x) = \sin x$. Letting $\epsilon = x - 2t$ and $u(t,x) = v(t,\epsilon)$, I then plug this into the transport equation.   However, I am not sure how to define a characteristic to solve the following equation   $$u_t + xu_x + u = 0, \qquad u(x_0, 0) = \cos(x_0)$$   because it has a variable 'speed' term $x$ and it is also not homogenous because of the term $u$.   A solution would be very helpful so I can see how to approach these problems.


I have a color #840608 somewhere on my web page and it is coded as #840608 by HTML and it displays as #840608 by all browsers plus it is recognized as #840608 by screen analyzing utilities.  Now in Photoshop I am creating image, and make rectangle there. I am painting this rectangle with #840608 color. It is displayed as #840608 by eyedropper tool.  When I export it as a PNG the color turns to #920203.  How can I make Photoshop keep it's creative potential inside and be just a computer program?

Here is the fragment of red area, which is said by Illustrator as being #840608 (upper green marker). But actually, as reported by screen inspecting application, the color is #9C0D01 (lower gree marker).    Later, when I starting to export image for web, the color is becoming #B70F00    Finally it becomes #9B0203 in we browser:    How professional program can be so inaccurate with colors? If this is a result of some feature (the usability of one is of high doubt) the how is it possible to disable it totally?  So, I need color code conserve full way from drawing to web.  UPDATE  I am measuring screen colors with  utility. It works exact with web browsers:    jsfiddle link:   UPDATE 2  Illustrator file:


Whenever I render a single frame of my animation, for all key frames except one it will just give me black real quick while that odd one out will show me an older render of mine from that same keyframe. I could switch cameras, change the position of anything in the scene, or alter rendering settings but it will just give me back the inital 720p render without even looking like it rendered anything at all.  When border is enabled in the rendering, I get an error message saying "Border rendering is not supported by sequencer."

A scene I made is not rendering, at all. This grey screen stays the same and nothing changes.  Here are my settings:  [


This is a question for English wordsmiths. Is there a word that "feels" like the word "ethereal" that means something ethereal that quickly disappears.  Or is "ethereal" the correct word choice for this? Ethereal was the first word that popped into my head for this.  From the various definitions that I've looked at for ethereal, it says delicate, beautiful, heavenly, etc. but not necessarily quickly vanishing, except for the secondary definitions related to ether that suggests it evaporates. I'm just wondering if there is a better word than this.  I'm using the term "ethereal skill" to describe a certain type of pilot skill (instrument flying) that requires tremendous practice to achieve proficiency, and once proficiency is achieved it is a beautiful thing, but if you don't practice it regularly, that skill vanishes after a few weeks.   USAGE: Instrument proficiency is an ethereal skill that once obtained must be maintained through constant and regular practice.

Is there an adjective that describes the nature of expiring, connoting a sense of losing public attention, in a very short amount of time? For example,  In a fast-paced era, news articles are ____. During the 1990s, compared with traditional technologies, computer  technologies are ___; for example, a new generation of CPU technologies usually comes out every one to two years.  (I thought about "perishable," but it does not seem connoting "losing public attention.")


First I am logged into root and executed this command:  # sudo su   Then:  # usermod -l lazybug peter   Getting this error:  usermod: user peter is currently used by process 19895   So I have killed the process   # kill 19895   It will come out of root and if I run the same command it will give the same error message. I am really confused and please help.

Some time ago, when I installed Ubuntu, I chose a rather stupid username for my account that I do not want to use anymore. How do I change this (including the name of my home directory, and the name in the terminal) without losing settings for applications? How do I keep permissions and my keys for various authentification (e.g. email, SSH, GPG and more)? What settings could possibly get lost if I changed my username?


I have a HP pavilion running win 8.1. I am trying to install the last release of ubuntu but I cant as the installer does not detect my current windows installation.Please advise how can install it with dual boot?  thanks

I'm absolutely new to Linux. I would like to know how to install Ubuntu alongside the pre-installed Windows 8+ OS.  Should I do it with Wubi, or through the Live USB/DVD?  What steps do I need to take to correctly install Ubuntu?


Let $x$ be a real number. Find the minimum value of   $$P=\frac{\sqrt{3(2x^2+2x+1)}}{3}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+(3-\sqrt{3})x+3}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+(3+\sqrt{3})x+3}}$$  This is a problem from 2015 Vietnamese University Entrance Exam.  I tried plotting and finding all local minima but that seems to be impossible as the derivative is too complicated. I guess this problem can only be solved by using inequalities.

For $x\in\mathbb{R}$ find minimum of $P$.  $P=\dfrac{\sqrt{3(2x^2+2x+1)}}{3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+(3-\sqrt{3})x +3}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+(3+\sqrt{3})x +3}}$  Source : Viet Nam national test for high school student.   I can't slove this problem.


I know that this Problem was addressed before but my SQL knowledge is not that good to figure it out. Maybe you can help me.  select      ProductionLine,     Product,      POId,      BatchNumber,      Sum(Prime) as Prime,      Sum(Offspec) as OffSpec,      Sum(InQ) as InQ,      Sum(Prime) + Sum(Offspec) + Sum(InQ) as Total   from @t2   group by      ProductionLine,      BatchNumber,      POId,      Product;   I now need a Column PercentagePrime where the column Prime is defined by the alias Total

While trying to write a query, I found out (the hard way) that SQL Server parses WHEREs in a query long before parsing the SELECTs when executing a query.  The  say that the general logical parsing order is such that SELECT is parsed nearly last (thus resulting in "no such object [alias]" errors when trying to use a column alias in other clauses). There was even  to allow for aliases to be used anywhere, which was shot down by the Microsoft team, citing ANSI standards compliance issues (which suggests that this behavior is part of the ANSI standard).  As a programmer (not a DBA), I found this behavior somewhat confusing, since it seems to me that it largely defeats the purpose of having column aliases (or, at the very least, column aliases could be made significantly more powerful if they were parsed earlier in the query execution), since the only place you can actually use the aliases is in ORDER BY. As a programmer, it seems like it's missing a huge opportunity for making queries more powerful, convenient, and DRY.  It looks like it's such a glaring issue that it stands to reason, then, that there are other reasons for deciding that column aliases shouldn't be allowed in anything other than SELECT and ORDER BY, but what are those reasons?


I would like an intuitive argument for what goes wrong in the proof that that a one-time pad provides perfect secrecy, if the key $K$ is not chosen uniformly at random from the entire key space.

One time pad required a truly random key. Why canwt it be a psudo-random key? For example, if the key distribution is that for each bit the probability to get 1 is 0.6 and the probability to get 0 is 0.4, and the eavesdropper knows it, how can he decrypt the message (assuming that the key length is at least as big as the message length)? Thank you


I am new to sharepoint and was asked a question and I didn't know the answer of that, can someone please help. Please provide the reason for the solution.  Can we deploy Visual webpart with feature which has webscope, how and why/why not

I want to create and deploy a web part as web-scoped feature.  In Visual Studio 2010, when I make the feature scope=web, I cannot add the webpart to that feature as I am able to do when scope=site.


I am trying to source some toggle switches that also have a built in solenoid and can effectively toggle themselves. Like what they sometimes have on sound mixer boards for automation. Basically a relay that can be manually flipped. But what exactly would you call that? I cannot find it on mouser, etc. Not looking for a specific product reccomendation just what the darn thing is called.  Thanks!

I'm interested in a toggle switch that can be toggled without user input. That is, the physical state can be toggled electrically. It would need to incorporate some sort of motor or magnetic actuator. My google-fu is weak in this area, and I haven't been able to come up with the correct combination of search terms.  Note that I'm not talking about a relay; I'm talking about a normal toggle switch:    Except that it can be toggled without user input. As in, the lever physically moves. Like a  except that the mechanism is internal to the switch.