So I was trying to make grenades and I used an armor stand tracking command set I found here  (MrLemon's answer) and it has an issue for me. After converting the commands from pre-1.11 to post-1.11 format (e.g. Snowball to minecraft:snowball) the armor stands won't leave and once the /summon tnt command goes off, I get a huge row of explosions along the trajectory of the snowball. I tried something like  execute @e[type=snowball] ~ ~ ~ summon armor_stand ~ ~ ~ {NoGravity:1b,CustomName:"SnowballMarker",Marker:1b,Invisible:1b} testfor @e[type=armor_stand,CustomName:"SnowballMarker",Marker:1b,Invisible:1b] {inTile:Air} kill @e[type=armor_stand,CustomName:"SnowballMarker",Marker:1b,Invisible:1b,inTile:Air]  First command summons an armor stand at the snowballs location. Second command tests if the stand is in the air(at least that was the plan) Third command kills said airborne armor stands. If anyone can make a post-1.11 friendly version of MrLemon's command, I'd greatly appreciate it. Also, please show the arrangement of the commands in their command blocks, crazy things can happen.

I am trying to make a snowball that triggers a command when it hits a player in 1.15, but I don't know how to do that. When I do execute at @e[type=snowball] run gamemode spectator @a[distance=..2] it only runs the command if it goes right next to them.


When editing a question some authors will place various almost random tags associated with a question, and I would often like to clear out excess tags or irrelivant tags (along with general question improvement).   However unlike the question when being "Viewed", on the edit screen there is no tooltip hover info for the contents of a tag, and adding new tags will not repeat already mentioned tags, so for instance I just edited a question with the tag mysql and the question was about PDO, so I wanted to check that the mysql tag was relevant, as in if the tag itself mentioned      "for PDO queries use the PDO tag"    (the type of direction many of SO tags do have)   It seems I can't read the information of a tag unless I delete it from a question and then retype it, this is clearly deeply inefficient and leaves a very large area for human failure (deleting a correct tag and then forgetting to readd it, etc.) just to be able to read the tag contents.   I'm afraid I am unlikely to memorise the summary contents of every tag on Stack OVerflow.  As I (and I suspect many of us) edit questions for a wide variety of reasons it's also somewhat impractical to have to remember to check and hover each question's tag before editing the question. The editing of tags is not usually the primary reason I edit the question.  So: Can chosen tags displayed on the "edit question" dialog please show the tag tooltip details for the chosen tag, as it does for when the question is viewed or first written.

When editing a post, the tag excerpt tooltips (that you get when viewing a post) are not available.   You do get the live tag preview (that you get when asking a question) for any new tags you add, but sometimes you want to check the tag wiki for the existing tags to make sure they are correct. As it stands you have to remove the suspect tag and re-add it to see the tag info.  (I've found  and  but these are not quite the same question)


to find memory occupied by individual application running  in linux.  actually i'm having a boot issue that is after installing an application Software so i want to see the memory occupied by that application. Ay one please help me

Whenever I power up my Linux system, it starts and reboots continuously. All I can see is the logo.    i have some details but i cann't understand please help and the details are below  UBIFS: recovery completed UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "data" UBIFS: file system size:   278562816 bytes (272034 KiB, 265 MiB, 2159 LEBs) UBIFS: journal size:       13934592 bytes (13608 KiB, 13 MiB, 108 LEBs) UBIFS: media format:       w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0) UBIFS: default compressor: lzo UBIFS: reserved for root:  4952683 bytes (4836 KiB) <30>udevd[1184]: starting version 3.2.5 <27>udevd[1184]: NAME="%k" is ignored, because it breaks kernel supplied names, please remove it fro  /etc/udev/rules.d/usb.rules:1 <30>udevd[1191]: starting eudev-3.2.5 Checking partition consistency done Initializing random number generator... done. Starting system message bus: done Starting rpcbind: OK Starting network: eth0: Freescale FEC PHY driver [Generic PHY] (mii_bus:phy_addr=0:00, irq=-1) udhcpc: started, v1.27.2 udhcpc: sending discover PHY: 0:00 - Link is Up - 100/Full udhcpc: sending discover udhcpc: sending select for 192.168.80.1 udhcpc: lease of 192.168.80.1 obtained, lease time 1468 /usr/share/udhcpc/default.script: Adding NTP server 192.168.66.11 restart: Unknown instance:  OK Starting nginx...


I moved from my home country to America and gave birth to my first baby, and one thing bugs me. I want my child to know my languange so she can speak to her family from my side because my family doesn't speak English but I want her to speak English because she lives here, and I don't know with which languange I should start with   English because she lives here or my languange because it's harder and will be more complicated for her to learn if she already speaks English?   My languange is pretty hard to learn in general and I always felt English was easy.

I am a Greek, born, living and working in France, married to an Albanian woman, working all day in English.  I have a 2,5 year old daughter, who lived from:    September 2014 to April 2015 and February 2014 to April 2014   in Albania (11 months, approx. 36% of her lifespan), where people only talked albanian to her.  I speak only French with my child, BUT I only speak Greek with my wife, because she refuses to speak French with me, because she is insecure in French. Yet, my wife speaks Albanian to my child.  These facts lead to the circumstance, that the language development of my child seems a bit delayed, because she doesn't yet make three word sentences.  Though I am a little worried about her language development, I want to know, if there is a problem if I also start speaking English to her on a regular basis, since I heard that children are capable growing up learning different languages.  Is there something like a burnout/depression danger in children? Since I can see it in her eyes that she wants to communicate but is not able to and I can see it bothering her a lot.  Should I cut my communication with my daughter down to only French? Should I cut it down to speaking Greek with her, since this is the language I speak with her mother every day? Or should I just continue mixing everything up? Or can I even start speaking English with her?  I don't want her to struggle to the point of extreme frustration, but if this means that in the end, her language development will catch up to normal kids, I am inclined to let her struggle a bit. So are there any longterm deficits for her, if I introduce English?  Please advice.  George


I've briefly followed a . It shows this style of object creation:  function component(width, height, color, x, y) {    this.width = width    ...    this.method = function(){...}  // instantiate block using class block = new component(30, 60, "red", 225, 225);   But I've also been told about , which I believe would do something very similar, but more inline with other language's formal object creation syntax:  class component {     constructor(width, height, color, x, y){         this.width = width         ...     }     method(){        ...    }  // instantiate block using class block = new component(30, 60, "red", 225, 225);   What are the functional differences of these two approaches? Why would I use one over the other?

What's the difference between  var A = function () {     this.x = function () {         //do something     }; };   and  var A = function () { }; A.prototype.x = function () {     //do something };


I accidentally uploaded a hardware question to Stack Overflow instead of Super User.

I posted a question which was closed as off-topic and it seems like it could fit on another site in the network. How can I go about moving it there?   What is migration? When can a question be migrated, and who can migrate it? When should I consider migration, and when is it inappropriate? What causes a migration to be blocked and what happens after? What causes a migration to be rejected and what happens after? Anything else I should know about migration?


For example I have a file '1.mp3', metadata are length, codec, compositor, license, bitrate, etc How can I get that metadata? I want to get metadata from different types of files.

I'm trying to find out how to read/write to the extended file properties in C# e.g. Comment, Bit Rate, Date Accessed, Category etc that you can see in Windows explorer.  Any ideas how to do this? EDIT: I'll mainly be reading/writing to video files (AVI/DIVX/...)


I include a PNG picture using the \includegraphics command and it looks like this:    Would it be possible to modify it in LaTeX by including a legend and tick markers on the axis as well? Or a text box say next to a given plot?

Recently I have learned how to draw simple stuff with TikZ. I really like it. Now I wonder if it is possible to draw with TikZ on a image. Instead of pasting a image in Illustrator and adding some vectors to point something in the picture I would like to do it using TikZ. Is it possible?   For example, on a picture of a computer (PNG,etc) I would like to draw some arrows and labels saying "Keyboard", "Monitor", etc.


I finally managed to put my dock on the bottom and centered. But now, it looks like this  What bothers me is that (for instance) my Firefox window is not on full-height and we see the wallpaper on the bottom on my screen. Is there a way for my windows to be on full-height automatically (kind of like this ) ? (I would still like to see the dock). I've been searching for a while now and I can't seem to find someone who did that.. Thanks for your help!

I recently installed the 'dash-to-dock' extension for Gnome on Ubuntu 18.04 as I liked the way it looked as opposed to the default dock. I liked the extension although I wasn't keen on the auto-hide feature as I like to see the dock at all times so I can see what applications I have open and badge icons for messages, etc. I turned off the autohide feature. Although when I did that I got this:  The dock pushed up the window instead of overlaying it as I expected it would and how it appeared when autohide was enabled. I checked in settings but I wasn't able to find anything to change this. I also tried the 'dash-to-pannel' extension but it didn't acheive what I wanted. There didn't seem to be much about this online either. I was wondering if there was a way to achieve this either by using this extension or another one or is it just not possible in Gnome?


I have the graph to the left. I want the graph to the right, or else I can't see the difference between the two lower ones.  \documentclass[a4paper,11pt]{article} \usepackage{float} \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{trees} \usetikzlibrary{pgfplots.groupplots} \usepackage{siunitx} \sisetup{per=slash, load=abbr}  \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{width=7cm, height=10cm, compat=1.4, every axis/.append style={thick}} \begin{document} \begin{figure}[H]   \centering   \pgfplotsset{     scaled y ticks=false,     scale only axis,     legend style={at={(0,0.8)}, anchor=west, font=\tiny},     xmin=7,   }   \begin{tikzpicture} [scale=0.7, font=\Large]     \begin{axis}[         title=Size of search tree linear scale,         ylabel=Nodes,         xtick=data,         ymin=0,      xlabel=xlabel ]   \addplot[smooth,mark=square*, mark options={solid},red, dashed]   coordinates{ (7,29788) (8,16760) (9,8770) (10,14248) (11,11456) (12,14602) (13,17456) (14,13112)   }; \label{ie_plot} \addlegendentry{IntPairExact}   \addplot[smooth,mark=square*, mark options={solid},blue, dotted]   coordinates{ (7,30142) (8,16836) (9,8960) (10,14390) (11,11584) (12,14694) (13,17634) (14,13242)   }; \label{ia_plot} \addlegendentry{IntPairApprox}   \addplot[smooth,mark=*,mark options={solid},black]   coordinates{ (7,256300) (8,254888) (9,144484) (10,194390) (11,135874) (12,233684) (13,243624) (14,221408)   }; \label{int_plot} \addlegendentry{Integer}     \end{axis}   \end{tikzpicture}  \end{figure} \end{document}

Is there an easy way to 'break' the axis in a pgfplots environment? What I'm talking about is something like     Any minimal plot will do as an example...for example  \documentclass{minimal}   \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{pgfplots}  \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[ymin=0, ymax=80] \addplot {x*0};  \addplot {x^2+50}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   For example, in the below plot,    I want to break the axis from around y = 10 to y = 40.   Any ideas? Does PGF have this functionality? A search for `break' in the manual doesn't yield anything.


It's common practice in Ireland (and the US as far as I know) to pronounce the x in the middle of sixth: six-th [sɪksθ]. However, I've noticed from visits to England as well as watching British television, that a lot of English people pronounce it as 'sicth' [sɪkθ]. Why is this, and is it an accepted usage?

I am working on my accent and pronunciation. I use  and it says that in spoken English, speakers usually run words together.  For example, "Run them all together" turns into "Runnemalld'gether." I have two questions here.   Is there any rule when we can reduce th sound?  Is it acceptable in business meeting and academic speaking to reduce th and running word together?


Given a sequence $(a_n)$ and there exists a number $c\in \mathbb{R}$ such that for all  $n\in \mathbb{N}$ satisfy the condition :  $|a_2 -a_1| +|a_3-a_2| +... +|a_n-a_{n-1}|<c$.   Are there any examples for a convergent sequence $a_n$ that does not satisfy the above condition?   I proved that for that condition, $(a_n)$ converges by Cauchy, but can't see how to find those examples.   Thank you.

I have been trying to solve this problem for awhile, and I can't seem to solve it.Below is the question. I suspect that the series does converge, but I am unable to prove this. Thanks for any help in advance.  Let $(a_n)_{n=1}^\infty$ be a convergent sequence of real numbers. Can it be concluded that $\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty}|a_{n+1} - a_{n}|$ converges? Give a proof or a counterexample.


I hope this question isn't perceived the wrong way.  I am sincerely interested in hearing some of your thoughts about the title of this post.  Sometimes, answering a question on Stack Overflow is an exercise in speed as well as accuracy.  If you see a question that isn't answered yet, or doesn't have the correct answer yet, and you attempt to answer it, you have to move very quickly, because there is lots of competition out there and answers get posted fast!  The consequences are obvious; if you get beat to the punch, you don't get points/credit, which is the "incentive" for answering (as Joel knows all too well).  I'm not a very active user yet, but I have already gotten frustrated.  However, I see this "game" as good and bad.  In the past, I viewed accuracy part as being important.  I enjoy the challenge obtaining accuracy and I often have the patience to do so.  But obviously speed is also important, and it absolutely adds to the challenge.  I can already see playing the Stack Overflow "game" as helping to sharpen my speed skills.  Nevertheless, after all that, it's also alarming that questions you answer can be closed to new answers while you are entering your last few key strokes, or even deleted entirely!!  What do you think?

I feel like there's a problem with Stack Overflow, as the number of people prowling it increases.  Each question's answers are sorted by descending score and then by descending time of posting. This means that if a person sits down and answers a question in a long, thorough way, going through every nook and cranny, once they post their answer, it will already be one of about seven different ones, some of which have already been upvoted. This wouldn't be a problem if those answers were as thorough as the one this guy's posting, but they usually aren't. Some of them are downright wrong, some aren't even answers to the question asked because their poster didn't bother to read the question all the way through.  This causes a problem I like to call Stack Overflow's Fastest Gun in the West Problem. I've come to a point where I'd rather just send a short, simple, correct explanation, than to go and do some proper research, write a whole blog post about it or even make sure the code I post even compiles, just so it will be noticed, as opposed to the incorrect ones.  I'm sure I'm not the only one doing this and that it despairs many people from even trying to answer questions.  I've long ago learned to try to always raise a problem with a solution in hand, rather than just say "This is a problem, handle it," so my question, after this long tirade, is:     How do you think this can be changed? What would you change in Stack Overflow to make this problem go away without hurting the site?   I promise to vote on answers I like, even if it takes you a long while to post them. :)


When looking through some of the riddles on the puzzler SE, I noticed that quite a few of them used images that they posted on the i.stack.imgur page. When I went on that page, all I got was this:  Is there something that I need to do to post images on this page, or is the website down?

Sometimes I need to upload, embed, or display inline an image in a question or answer. How can I do that?


\catcode`| = 13 \def|{\item {--}} \def\itemize#1{{\leftskip = 40 pt #1 \par}}  \itemize{ | First item | Second item }   The above example from  and I do not know what functionality {--} in the itemize provides. Does it have a special meaning?  Also I am confused about the double caret (^^) notation used at the beginning of the Catcodes section such as ^^K for superscript.    In another example there is a nested macro which is added below. It is said that double macro parameters ##n expand to #n, is this always the case?   > %% Required package. \usepackage{ifthen}  %% TeX function that generates the language commands. \def\localedef#1#2{   \ifthenelse{ \equal{\locale}{#1} }{     \selectlanguage{#2}     \expandafter\def\csname#1\endcsname ##1{##1}   }{     \expandafter\def\csname#1\endcsname ##1{}   } }  %% Selected language. Can be placed anywhere before the language commands. \providecommand\locale{fr}  %% Language commands. \localedef{de}{ngerman} \localedef{en}{english} \localedef{fr}{frenchb} %% ...   It is good that this page is comprehensive in the sense that a lot of topics are mentioned; however some subtle points are not explained lucidly. I think I should refer to some other source maybe TexBook to better understand the inner workings of TeX. Is there a introductory level short tutorial on TeX that I can use before consulting a more advanced source?

Basically, how does the ^^^... notation work in LuaTeX and XeTeX, exactly?  In 8-bit TeX engines (recent TeX, eTeX, pdfTeX, at least), two consecutive identical catcode 7 characters (typically ^), followed by two lowercase hexadecimal digits, are converted before the tokenization step to the corresponding byte.  Namely, ^^6f is exactly equivalent to o: for instance, \sh^^6fw ^^6f will cause TeX to show the letter o.  There is also the notation with two ^ (identical catcode 7 characters), followed by any ascii character (but not two lowercase hexadecimal digits), which is replaced by the character obtained by either subtracting or adding 64 to the character code, remaining among ASCII characters (range 0 to 128).  Unicode-aware engines (I'm thinking of LuaTeX and XeTeX, there are perhaps other less known ones around) also provide ^^^^xxxx and ^^^^^xxxxx for characters whose hexadecimal representation has 4, or 5 digits.  But this does not seem to be done in the same way across engines.  For instance, both LuaTeX and XeTeX appear to accept the notation with 4, 5, or 6 carets followed by the same number of hexadecimal digits, but XeTeX also accepts it for 3, while LuaTeX doesn't. Compiling the following with pdfTeX, LuaTeX, and XeTeX gives different results.  \catcode0=12 \newlinechar=10 \def\loopshow#1{\message{\meaning #1^^J}\loopshow} \loopshow \/   ^^56   ^^^056   ^^^^0056   ^^^^^00056   ^^^^^^000056   ^^^^^^^0000056 {\end\iffalse} \fi} \bye   One weird fact about XeTeX (a bug?) is that  \show ^^^^^^010101   shows the character displaywidth.  My goal (there may be a better way to do this) is to provide a way to test whether passing a given list of tokens through \scantokens is safe.  For that, my plan is to go through the \detokenized token list one character at a time, applying TeX's rule for tokenizing (but no need to fully tokenize), and detecting begin-group and end-group tokens, as well as invalid characters.


I am trying to understand how $Gamma(\nu/2;\nu/2)$ can in anyway be related to a $\chi_{\nu}^2$ distribution, maybe even $\chi_{\nu}^2/\nu$.  This comes up in Expectation-Maximization algorithms when trying to use MLE to find the parameters of a multivariate t-distribution (in my case, bivariate) [1,2,3,4,5]  I am aware of this thread .  But this does not seem to be the same thing, since in that thread, they are discussing a random variable $X_i$ ~ $\mathcal{N}(0,\sigma^2)$ but where $X_1, X_2,...X_N$ all have the same $\sigma^2$. This is not the same as constructing the t-distribution since the tdist can viewed as a mixture of normal distributions with DIFFERENT $\sigma^2$. Also, I still don't see how this gets to $Gamma(\nu/2;\nu/2)$.  To be even more specific, in [1] they describe that, if $Y$ follows the multivariate t-distribution $t_p(\mu,\Sigma,\nu)$ then, given the weight $\tau$, $Y$ has the multivariate Normal distribution and $\nu \tau$ is $\chi_{\nu}^2$ distributed, therefore $\tau$ is Gamma distributed. So:  $Y|\mu,\Sigma,\nu,\tau$ ~ $\mathcal{N}(\mu,\Sigma/\tau)$ and $\tau|\mu,\Sigma,\nu$ ~ $Gamma(\nu/2;\nu/2)$  What I can't figure out is how $\tau$ has that distribution if $\nu \tau$ is  $\chi_{\nu}^2$. Is $\chi_{\nu}^2/\nu$ equivalent to $Gamma(\nu/2;\nu/2)$ ? How?  Thanks for the help!  References:  [1] ML ESTIMATION OF THE t DISTRIBUTION USING EM AND ITS EXTENSIONS, ECM AND ECME - Chuanhai Liu and Donald B. Rubin, Statistica Sinica 5(1995), 19-39 (This is the link given in the first post)  [2] Robust mixture modelling using the t distribution - D. PEEL and G. J. MCLACHLAN, Statistics and Computing (2000) 10, 339–348  [3] The EM Algorithm--An Old Folk-Song Sung to a Fast New Tune - Xiao-Li Meng and David van Dyk, Blackwell Publishing for the Royal Statistical Society  [4] A Novel Parameter Estimation Algorithm for the Multivariate t-Distribution and Its Application to Computer Vision - Chad Aeschliman1, Johnny Park1, and Avinash C. Kak, European Conference on Computer Vision 2010  [5] The mixtures of Student’s t-distributions as a robust framework for rigid registration - Demetrios Gerogiannis 1, Christophoros Nikou *, Aristidis Likas, Image and Vision Computing 27 (2009) 1285–1294

If $$Y=\sum_{i=1}^{N}X_i^2$$ where $X_i \sim \mathcal{N}(0,\sigma^2)$, i.e. all $X_i$ are i.i.d. normal random variables of zero mean with same variances, then $$Y \sim \Gamma\left(\frac{N}{2},2\sigma^2\right).$$  I know the chi-squared distribution is a special case of the gamma distribution, but could not derive the chi-squared distribution for random variable $Y$. Any help, please?


CUDA Error: Out of Memory in cuArrayCreate(&handle, &desc)  I get this error when rendering with Cycles on my GPU. I'm not entirely sure what's wrong with this... My scene DOES have some very high-res textures (up to 10K) and most of the textures also have a map for Gloss, Reflection, Normals, and displacement. My specs are as follows:  CPU: Intel i5-4460 GPU: Geforce GTX 1060 6GB VRAM RAM: 8GB

I've already tried GPU Rendering and it seem to be twice as fast as the CPU. However I have some situation where tried to render on the GPU, but it doesn't do anything. When I switch to CPU it renders.  I have some fur texture/materials using particle systems. I wonder if that causes the GPU not to render, I'm not really sure.


I don't mind the new top bar, but when the new topbar was tested on meta.SO, it was widely requested to include the popup window that used to show up when you hovered over the username.  (In case it's not clear, I'm talking about the popup window that used to show day/month/year Votes cast, Reputation changes, etc.)  I particularly miss the daily vote count, it's a huge hassle for me to check how many times I've voted on a day, I have to go to my profile page and usually wait for some caching to catch up.  Even though I've been reading meta.SO every day, I haven't seen anything about adjustments being made to the new topbar based on feedback there, so I thought I'd post here.  If there's anything else you don't like about the new top bar, feel free to include it in an answer or a separate post.  I don't think SE staff will actually pay attention, but you never know...

What happened with the menu that comes if I hover over my username in the top-bar? It was one of the most used feature on Stackoverflow since I've used it regularly to get a quick overview over my recent activities or reputation changes.  Is it possible to get it back somehow?


Using the Here maps Android starter sdk, I need to rotate a MapMarker in real time to mirror the rotation (yaw) of a real drone. Because the Here maps Android sdk doesn't appear to have a way to set the rotation for a marker (setRotation with google maps), I rotate the marker's icon with my own code then call setIcon() on the marker with a new Bitmap everytime it needs to be updated. However it seems to randomly cause this crash in the Here drawing code, is there any way to prevent this crash from happening?  E/BaseTextureView( 3916): ******** GL Thread crash ********Thread[BaseTextureView-RenderThread,5,main] W/System.err( 3916): java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'int java.nio.Buffer.capacity()' on a null object reference W/System.err( 3916):    at com.here.android.mpa.internal.ae.d(GLBitmapDrawable.java:170) W/System.err( 3916):    at com.here.android.mpa.internal.ae.a(GLBitmapDrawable.java:128) W/System.err( 3916):    at com.here.android.mpa.internal.bf.a(MapMarkerImpl.java:216) W/System.err( 3916):    at com.here.android.mpa.internal.ad.d(GLBitMapTileRenderer.java:682) W/System.err( 3916):    at com.here.android.mpa.internal.ad.onDrawFrame(GLBitMapTileRenderer.java:1024) W/System.err( 3916):    at com.here.android.mpa.internal.m$a.run(BaseTextureView.java:377) E/BaseTextureView( 3916): ******** GL Thread crash ********Thread[BaseTextureView-RenderThread,5,main]

What are Null Pointer Exceptions (java.lang.NullPointerException) and what causes them?  What methods/tools can be used to determine the cause so that you stop the exception from causing the program to terminate prematurely?


I'm on a Mac but I think this is generally Unix-applicable.  I'm in the process of learning shell scripting and there's something I seem to be missing. When I'm in the ordinary terminal, I can use scripting syntax like for loops and such in conjunction with commands to do stuff.  But....bash opens an interpreter for shell scripting.  Which is where I get confused, because isn't the terminal already an interpreter for shell scripting, as demonstrated by the fact that the scripting works when given to stdin?  Bonus question: how is bash different from bash -i, which according to man "starts an interactive session".....isn't that what happens when you just enter bash on its own? Which, to my eye is no different than being in the normal terminal in the first place...

I think these terms almost refer to the same thing, when used loosely:   terminal shell tty console   What exactly does each of these terms refer to?


Problem:  Let $A, B \subset X$ be both compact, $X$ is a Hausdorff space, with $A \cap B = \emptyset  $. Show that there exists open sets $U, V \subset X$ with $A \subset U, B \subset V$ and $U \cap V = \emptyset$    My idea  A space is compact if every cover has a finite sub-cover. So $A$ and $B$ both have this property. I was thinking that since $A$ and $B$ are disjoint, they are separated by some distance $\epsilon$ (although I am not sure I can talk about distances unless I am dealing with a metric space...) and then I could take open set enclosing $A$ and $B$ which can be constructed to be always $\epsilon/2$ distance from the other space. Not 100% if this is a good way to go...  Thanks in advance for your help

I want to show that any two disjoint compact sets in a Hausdorff space $X$ can be separated by disjoint open sets. Can you please let me know if the following is correct? Not for homework, just studying for a midterm. I'm trying to improve my writing too.  My work:  Let $C$,$D$ be disjoint compact sets in a Hausdorff space $X$. Now fix $y \in D$ and for each $x \in C$ we can find (using Hausdorffness) disjoint open sets $U_{x}(y)$ and $V_{x}(y)$ such that $x \in U_{x}(y)$ and $y \in V_{x}(y)$. Now the collection $\{U_{x}: x \in C\}$ covers $C$ so by compactness we can find some natural k such that  $C \subseteq \bigcup_{i=1}^{k} U_{x_{i}}(y)$   Now for simplicity let $U = \bigcup_{i=1}^{k} U_{x_{i}}(y)$, then $C \subseteq U$ and let $W(y) = \bigcap_{i=1}^{k} V_{x_{i}}(y)$. Then $W(y)$ is a neighborhood of $y$ and disjoint from $U$.  Now consider the collection $\{W(y): y \in D\}$, this covers D so by compactness we can find some natural q such that $D \subseteq \bigcup_{j=1}^{q} W_{y_{j}}$.  Finally set $V = \bigcup_{j=1}^{q} W_{y_{j}}$, then $U$ and $V$ are disjoint open sets containing $C$ and $D$ respectively.   What do you think?


I'm using Stack class for pushing List<Integer> and popping the item again back from stack:  Stack<List<Integer>> mStack = new Stack<>();  public void pushToStack(View view){     List<Integer> mSearchResults = new ArrayList<>();     for(int i=0; i< 10;i++){         mSearchResults.add(i);     }     Log.d(TAG,"Pushing item: " + mSearchResults.size());     mStack.push(mSearchResults);      Log.d(TAG,"Clearing list");     mSearchResults.clear();     Log.d(TAG,"Size after clearing : " + mSearchResults.size()); }   I'm clearing the list after pushing to stack.  The pushToStack function outputs the logs :  Pushing item: 10  Clearing list  Size after clearing : 0  public void popFromStack(View view){     if(mStack.size() == 0){         Log.d(TAG,"Stack is Empty");     }else{         List<Integer> searchResults = mStack.pop();         Log.d(TAG,"Result size after pop: " + searchResults.size());     } }   and popFromStack prints the log:  Result size after pop: 0  I wonder why mStack.pop() returns 0 as list item size instead 10.  What am I doing wrong here ?

I always thought Java uses pass-by-reference. However, I've seen a couple of blog posts (for example, ) that claim that it isn't (the blog post says that Java uses pass-by-value). I don't think I understand the distinction they're making. What is the explanation?


I have a simple family tree defined in Latex and package genealogytree: \documentclass{article} \usepackage[all]{genealogytree} \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \genealogytree[template=formal graph]{child[id=fam_A]{g[id=na1,male]{a_1}p[id=na2,female]{a_2}child[id=fam_B]{p[id=nb1,male]{b_1}g[id=na3,female]{a_3}c[id=nb2,male]{b_2}c[id=nb3,female]{b_3}}child[id=fam_C]{g[id=na4,male]{a_4}p[id=nc1,female]{c_1}c[id=nc2,male]{c_2}union[id=fam_D]{p[id=nd1,female]{d_1}c[id=nd2,female]{d_2}c[id=nd3,male]{d_3}c[id=nd4,male]{d_4}}}c[id=na5,female]{a_5}}} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}  I can generate PDF using commandline: pdflatex myFile.tex  But I would like to have result as SVG file. How can I extract it to SVG file (not SVG inside PDF)? Thank you for help !

Is there a way to directly compile TeX code into the SVG image format (rather than going the detour over TeX => PDF => SVG)?  I found this question:   But I don't want to do it online - it should be a command-line call.


Is $\mathbb{Q} \times \mathbb{Q}$  a field ?    We know that $\mathbb Q$ is a field. But, if we think of $\mathbb Q\times \mathbb Q$, what would be the answer?

Explain why $\mathbb{Z \times Z}$ and $\mathbb{R \times R}$ is not a field and that why any external direct sum of two fields cannot be a field. I believe it has much to do with the lack of every non-zero element having an inverse, however I am having difficulty seeing it.


OS: Win 7 64bit. Matlab: 2014a, 2015a  When I create a vector as follows:  a = 0.2:0.2:1   I get:   a = 0.2000    0.4000    0.6000    0.8000    1.0000   which is expected. Now when I want to see whether 0.6 exists in my vector I type:  a == 0.6   and I get: 0 0 0 0 0  find(a == 0.6) also return an Empty matrix: 1-by-0  These are unexpected. It is able to find all the other values, but for 0.6 there is a problem. I think although 0.6 is created it is actually 0.600000000000000001 or something similar, which is a problem. You can see that this is the case by a > 0.6 and will get  0 0 1 1 1.  1-First of all why is this happening?  2-Second are we able to see the whole value of a number in Matlab, if so what is the function or setting for that?  I created the same vector using linspace, but that also did not help. I have found a solution to this by typing :  a = roundn(a, -10). However, I think that such a solution should not even be needed at the first place.   3-Is there a better way to order Matlab to yield exact values?  Thank you all for your help.

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


Do birds of the same species ,such as each pigeon that we see in cities, have unique facial geometries (facial phenotypes) regardless of their feather ,colors, spots etc? Sometimes it is almost impossible to distinguish two pigeons between each other just looking at their facial structure and curvature of their heads.  Human face has evolved with countless of varieties such as shape of nose, distance between the eyes, proportion of mouth and the nose etc. Billions of humans have existed so far and billions of humans will ever exist each have unique facial features.  However some animals of the same species (birds like pigeons, baby chicks, fish species like sardines and sea bream etc) look like sharing a limited amount of variations in their facial geometries therefore they become distinguishable only because of their colors, patterns etc. I know that mammals such as apes or dogs have unique faces almost  as distinctive as humans. I also know that human brain is already attuned to distinguish differences in human faces more than any other animal.   What I would like to understand whether all pigeons have existed so far and will exist furthermore have unique facial geometries like humans? Or do they all differ in millimetric level which cannot be captured by naked human eyes? Can two pigeons(or sardines) of the same species share exact same facial geometries unlike humans?  I couldn't have satisfactory answers in this subject so far. Can you please explain?

Although farmers appear to be able to tell their cows apart, cows look very much alike to me. And this similarity in appearance seems to be a general trait across the animal kingdom: one individual of one animal species looks much like another.  Why do human facial and body shapes vary so much?  I understand that human beings live in many different environments (e.g. hot and cold) and have adapted to these (e.g. through lighter or darker skin color), but there seems to be much variation that has no apparent evolutionary purpose. So does the difference have a purpose in itself? That is, did we evlove to vary in appearance, and what is the purpose of this variation?


I am on DHCP, having dynamic IP.  Finding your public IP when using a GUI and a browser is extremely easy. Simply go to Google.com and search for "What is my IP". Google will display it in the very first line.  However I am unable to find my public IP when inside Ubuntu server.  I have created a system with Ubuntu server (LAMP Stack) for my personal use. This system boots up simply in terminal mode. I want to do SSH using some other system across the internet; thus knowing the public IP becomes necessary.  What is the command to display the current public IP adress of that system?

If I check with , I can see my public IP. Is there something on the Ubuntu command-line which will yield me the same answer?


Why is it that men's eyes always drift toward females?  I mean, "men" is the plural form of "man". So it's "mens'"... but it looks very strange, and maybe this only applies if the word doesn't change in plural form? For example, if it had been "one man" and "several mans", it would've been "several mans' eyes", but now that it's "men", "several men's eyes" is how you type it? Is that the rule? Have I understood this correctly?

I've been living in Ireland for almost a year now and I start noticing they use the word "mens" a lot. I can see it used in:   Shops, to denote the area where you can find men's clothes In sport, when they talk about "mens team".    My guess is just that they are lazy about the use of quotes, so that mens should actually be men's. However, there may be some rule I'm not aware of. So, is "mens" only limited to Irish English? When I'm allowed to use it?


I have website with subdomains, example: example.com, de.example.com, fr.site.com ... language support. Is it correct to use one Sitemap.xml on main domain example.com?  Example sitemap.xml:  http://example.com/index http://example.com/about http://de.example.com/index http://de.example.com/about http://fr.example.com/index http://fr.example.com/about   .... or will be correct to use sitemap for each subdomain?

I have more than 5 subdomains on a project, say developer, www, staff and some more, what is the best practice in creating sitemaps?   All subdomains that share a same sitemap at base domain (example.com/sitemap.xml) ? or different sitemaps for different subdomains?(developer.example.com/sitemap.xml and www.example.com/sitemap.xml)   Since the subdomains are several parts of the main application, what are the pros and cons of each, and what should I consider while choosing the one over the other? (one sitemap per subdomain or one for the whole site)


I was searching for a cmd to generate random passwords, and got stuck on this one :   echo `< /dev/urandom tr -dc _A-Z-a-z-0-9 | head -c6`   I've read the documentation of urandom, tr and head. But could you explain step by step how all these are linked in this cmd ?  I've tried echo `< /dev/urandom` to experiment, and my terminal just crashed !

I recently discovered this method for generating a 9 character password from the linux prompt in bash:  < /dev/urandom tr -dc A-Za-z0-9_ | head -c9   What is < doing?


I am trying to perform multi-label classification using neural network, with 3 hidden ReLU layers and a softmax output layer. I'm also using mini-batch SGD as the optimization algorithm and negative log likelihood as the loss function with L2 regularization. After performing feature scaling this is what I'm noticing is the following:    Algorithm performance plateaus in terms of validation and test error very early during training Virtually no hyperparameter other than mini-batch size factors into the algorithm's performance even if I choose seemingly absurd values (e.g learning rate, number of hidden units, L2 reg coefficient) I'm getting better performance in the non-scaled version of the data set, rather than the scaled one.   Especially bothersome for me is the second point, as I cannot explain it at all. Surely, the learning rate or the number of units in the hidden layers should affect performance even slightly, however that's not what I'm seeing. If anyone has any pointers for explaining and even rectifying the situation I would be really grateful.  Thanks in advance.

I'm training a neural network but the training loss doesn't decrease. How can I fix this?  I'm not asking about overfitting or regularization. I'm asking about how to solve the problem where my network's performance doesn't improve on the training set.    This question is intentionally general so that other questions about how to train a neural network can be closed as a duplicate of this one, with the attitude that "if you give a man a fish you feed him for a day, but if you teach a man to fish, you can feed him for the rest of his life." See this Meta thread for a discussion:   If your neural network does not generalize well, see:


Without using differentiation, logarithmic function, rigorously, prove that $$e^x\ge x+1$$ for all real values of $x$.

The elementary but very useful inequality that $1+x \le e^x$ for all real $x$ has a number of different proofs, some of which can be found online. But is there a particularly slick, intuitive or canonical proof? I would ideally like a proof which fits into a few lines, is accessible to students with limited calculus experience, and does not involve too much analysis of different cases.


When I visit my own profile in Firefox Aurora 30.0a2, the 'Votes' tab is pushed out of place into a new row. It will appear just below & to the right of whichever tab I have open. If it is the tab open, it'll just be all the way to its left, on its own row. If I mouse over any item above it or to its right, funny things happen - it gets pushed around.  It's probably because of the blue boxes beside all those items. But, probably, the site's own run-of-the-mill features shouldn't break its own layout.

On my profile page on Meta Stack Exchange, the lines with the “summary”, etc. tab headings spills “votes” onto a second line.    Observed with Chrome 33.0.1750.149, Chrome 34.0.1847.116, Firefox 27.0.1 and Firefox 28.0 (all on Linux), at 100% zoom level (they all fit at 110% zoom level).


This is my MWE:  \documentclass[pdf]{beamer} \begin{document} \begin{frame} \begin{table}[ht] \caption{GLIFT Label Propagation Rules for AND gate} \centering \begin{tabular}{c | c c c c} \hline\hline AND & (Trusted, 0) & (Trusted, 1) & (Untrusted, 0) & (Untrusted, 1) \\ \hline (Trusted, 0) & Trusted & Trusted & Trusted & Trusted \\ (Trusted, 1) & Trusted & Trusted & Untrusted & Untrusted \\ (Untrusted, 0) & Trusted & Untrusted & Untrusted & Untrusted \\ (Untrusted, 1) & Trusted & Untrusted & Untrusted & Untrusted \\ \hline \end{tabular} \label{table:AND} \end{table} \end{frame} \end{document}   The problem is the table doesn't fit in a frame.


I would do this - I mean, it already wants my name and birthday - but I don't have a phone, and I don't want to give it a fake number. It would be unfortunate for a complete stranger to get my email verification message.  Anyway, if there's no way to get around this, does anybody know an email provider that doesn't need your phone number?

When I want to register an account with Gmail now, it says "Google will send a text message containing a verification code to your mobile phone."  I don't want to give Google my mobile phone number!!  How do I get around this?


We are monitoring the performance of a network using several KPI's. We want to detect if there are any anomalies for a KPI X within last hour for which we obtained (usually) 30 values from the last hour. We don't know the population standard deviation BUT we can calculate the standard deviation for the KPI X from day zero (when the monitoring was first started).   My first question is if I calculate the standard deviation for the KPI X from day zero will that be the population's standard deviation ?  And secondly which test is more reliable and appropriate for a situation like this ? I am thinking like t-test is the way to go but sometimes we can 600 values per hour so I am not sure if t-test is suitable for such a large amount of values.  EDIT:   exists here but I would like to get your opinions about this situation specifically.

Background: I'm giving a presentation to colleagues at work on hypothesis testing, and understand most of it fine but there's one aspect that I'm tying myself up in knots trying to understand as well as explain it to others.  This is what I think I know (please correct if wrong!)   Statistics that would be normal if variance was known, follow a $t$-distribution if the variance is unknown CLT (Central Limit Theorem): The sampling distribution of the sample mean is approximately normal for sufficiently large $n$ (could be $30$, could be up to $300$ for highly skewed distributions) The $t$-distribution can be considered Normal for degrees of freedom $> 30$   You use the $z$-test if:   Population normal and variance known (for any sample size) Population normal, variance unknown and $n>30$ (due to CLT) Population binomial, $np>10$, $nq>10$   You use the $t$-test if:   Population normal, variance unknown and $n<30$ No knowledge about population or variance and $n<30$, but sample data looks normal / passes tests etc so population can be assumed normal   So I'm left with:    For samples $>30$ and $<\approx 300$(?), no knowledge about population and variance known / unknown.   So my questions are:   At what sample size can you assume (where no knowledge about population distribution or variance) that the sampling distribution of the mean is normal (i.e. CLT has kicked in) when the sampling distribution looks non-normal? I know that some distributions need $n>300$, but some resources seem to say use the $z$-test whenever $n>30$... For the cases I'm unsure about, I presume I look at the data for normality. Now, if the sample data does looks normal do I use the $z$-test (since assume population normal, and since $n>30$)? What about where the sample data for cases I'm uncertain about don't look normal? Are there any circumstances where you'd still use a $t$-test or $z$-test or do you always look to transform / use non-parametric tests? I know that, due to CLT, at some value of $n$ the sampling distribution of the mean will approximate to normal but the sample data won't tell me what that value of $n$ is; the sample data could be non-normal whilst the sample mean follows a normal / $t$.  Are there cases where you'd be transforming / using a non-parametric test when in fact the sampling distribution of the mean was normal / $t$ but you couldn't tell?


I've tried to draw a cube made by cubes on each side with TikZ. I mean a 3x3 cube with a little shift between each one. I've looked for an answer but the first hard step is starting with a good way to draw a cube. Then a need to put them on the edges of the 3x3 big cube. Basically, I just want to show three faces of our cube such that looks something like this:   But my pretty sad code to show it is this:  \documentclass{minimal} \usepackage{tikz} % Three counters \newcounter{x} \newcounter{y} \newcounter{z}  % The angles of x,y,z-axes \newcommand\xaxis{210} \newcommand\yaxis{-30} \newcommand\zaxis{90}  % The top side of a cube \newcommand\topside[3]{   \fill[fill=red!50, draw=black,shift={(\xaxis:#1)},shift={(\yaxis:#2)},   shift={(\zaxis:#3)}] (0,0) -- (30:1) -- (0,1) --(150:1)--(0,0); }   % The left side of a cube \newcommand\leftside[3]{   \fill[fill=red, draw=black,shift={(\xaxis:#1)},shift={(\yaxis:#2)},   shift={(\zaxis:#3)}] (0,0) -- (0,-1) -- (210:1) --(150:1)--(0,0); }  % The right side of a cube \newcommand\rightside[3]{   \fill[fill=red!50!black, draw=black,shift={(\xaxis:#1)},shift={(\yaxis:#2)}, shift={(\zaxis:#3)}] (0,0) -- (30:1) -- (-30:1) --(0,-1)--(0,0);}  % The cube  \newcommand\cube[3]{   \topside{#1}{#2}{#3} \leftside{#1}{#2}{#3} \rightside{#1}{#2}{#3} }  % Definition of \planepartition % To draw the following plane partition, just write \planepartition{ {a, b,c}, {d,e} }. %  a b c %  d e \newcommand\planepartition[1]{  \setcounter{x}{-1}   \foreach \a in {#1} {     \addtocounter{x}{1}     \setcounter{y}{-1}     \foreach \b in \a {       \addtocounter{y}{1}       \setcounter{z}{-1}       \foreach \c in {1,...,\b} {         \addtocounter{z}{1}      \cube{\value{x}}{\value{y}}{\value{z}}       }     }   } }  \begin{document}   \begin{tikzpicture} \planepartition{{1}}  \begin{scope}[yshift=1.5cm,xshift=0cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=5cm,xshift=3cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=4cm,xshift=1.5cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=0cm,xshift=6cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm,xshift=4.5cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=1.5cm,xshift=6cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=4cm,xshift=4.5cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=3cm,xshift=6cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=2cm,xshift=4.5cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=3cm,xshift=0cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=2cm,xshift=1.5cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=-1cm,xshift=1.5cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=-2cm,xshift=3cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=-.5cm,xshift=3cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \begin{scope}[yshift=1cm,xshift=3cm] \planepartition{{1}} \end{scope}  \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}    If you can see, I have a little trouble to align my cubes. So   How Can I align my cubes? Is there an easier way to draw it? How can i create an efficient code to draw it?   I´m not care about another perspective of the cube or another faces.

I'm trying to find the easiest way to draw a 3D cube (it's for my UML diagram) with TikZ. Could you please give an example?   Like this:


I have a bunch of mp3 files that iTunes copied over adding a numeric extension, that I want to remove.  Is there a Mac bash command that will allow me to do that?  Here is what the directory looks like.  The files in question have 2 digits, and a space.

I have a directory full of files with names in this format (with numbers as the start of each filename):  102_file.txt 104_list.txt 242_another_file.txt   I would like to rename them as follows (i.e. removing the numbers):  file.txt list.txt another_file.txt   Can anyone suggest a way to do this (presumably from the terminal)?


Recently, I tried the method in   to connect from a Windows 10 laptop to an xfce session on a workstation running Xubuntu.   After logging off that machine, when I tried to log back onto my own physical machine (in person), I was locked out of the GUI session ! Strangely, the guest xsession account was working. I could log on to tty1, and set up another temporary admin account from the command line.   I was able to login to tty7 (graphical user session) using this newly created account. From there, I was able to go to user accounts settings, and verify that my original user account still exists with all admin privileges.   I solved the immediate problem by using the method in  :   sudo rm .Xauthority sudo reboot   But this leaves me with the question of what is going on in the first place. Can anybody shed light on what just happened ?

I recently upgraded to 12.04 from 11.10 and since upgrading have been unable to log in to my user profile. The upgrade went okay and I can login to a guest session fine but whenever I try to login to my profile, after entering my password, I just return to the login screen.  I've changed my password in Root (passwd <username>) and can log in to tty1 with no issues, it's just in GUI I'm having problems.  I'm using a HP dv7 laptop, 32-bit Ubuntu install, Intel® Core™2 Duo CPU P7350 @ 2.00GHz × 2, Nvidia graphics.  Any help would be appreciated.


I am studying Complex Analysis by Lars V Ahlfors. I am unable to solve one of his exercises. It is:  Find all possible values of $$\int \frac{dz}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}$$ over a closed curve.  I do not have any clue as to how to solve the above problem, if the denominator terms like $z-z_0$ then I can try winding a curve around $z_0$. But in this in particular question I cannot think of any way to approach it. If anyone can give some hints it would be great. Thanks.

This is related to Ahlfors' problem #5 following section 4.4.7.  Let $\sigma$ be a path in $\mathbb{C}$ starting at $-1$ and ending at $+1$. Let $\gamma$ be a closed curve in $\mathbb{C}$ which does not intersect $\sigma$.    You can show there is an analytic branch of $\sqrt{1-z^2}$ defined on $\mathbb{C}\setminus\sigma$.  Question: What are the possible values of $\displaystyle\int_{\gamma} \frac{dz}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}$ ? Guess at answer: The set of values $2\pi k$ for integer $k$.    It feels to me like I should be able to reduce the situation to the integral $\displaystyle\int_{-1}^{+1} \frac{dz}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}$ on the segment of the real axis, then take advantage of the fact that the integral $\displaystyle\int_{+1}^{-1} \frac{dz}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}$ on the segment with the opposite orientation, and using the other branch of the function, does not cancel the first integral.  Another thought that I had was to try to relate the integral to a winding number.  This section on Ahlfors develops the general Cauchy theorem for curves homologous to zero, talks about multiply connected domains, and develops the notion of homology basis.  I would appreciate answers containing only hints, rather that full solutions, but they will be accepted if useful.  Thank you very much.  Note: The original problems as stated in the book is     Show that a single-valued analytic branch of $\sqrt{1-z^2}$ can be defined in any region such that the points $\pm1$ are in the same component of the complement. What are the possible values of $\displaystyle\int \frac{dz}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}$ over a closed curve in the region?


When we are creating one person account it is allocating one accountid and one Contactid. When i am trying to assign that person account with task i need whoId. How can i get that contact Id(Related to Person account) which is generated at the time of person account creation.

Is it possible to get the ID of a Contact which is part of a Person Account?  I have a custom object which has a custom field referencing the Person Account, though it seems to be referencing the Contact directly. I have created a button which I am using to pass the ID into a Visualforce Page.  With the Insert Field drop-down on the create/edit button page I can put in {!Account.Id} or {!Contact.Id} but neither of these work. The Account ID is placed in the URL but is not the correct ID and the Contact ID is blank, which I assume is because the button is on a Person Account page and not a Contact Page.


I want to know what kind of objects can be used with the "using" keyword in C#? Other than adding a namespace

What is the purpose of the Using block in C#? How is it different from a local variable?


I'm new to Blender and I've figured out how to make a gear but I have a question!   Shift+A > Mesh > Gears > Gear will add a new default gear to the build area and will bring up an Add Gear menu in the Toolshelf on the left where you can change all aspects of the gear.    But once the gear's object was moved / the interaction mode was changed / any other action was done, the Add Gear menu on the left disappears. How do I get this menu back?

When you first add a cylinder, you have the option to change the number of vertices, etc, but once you do anything else in blender, it seems you no longer can edit those parameters.   Is there a setting anywhere or an add-on that allows these parameters to be edited later on? If not, how easy would such an addon/feature be to create for anyone reading this?


I have some MFC application that use russian language, but now I want to translate interface and make build for english version of windows.  What is the usual way to change language in VS2008 build?  I found this code in *.rc file   // Russian resources  #if !defined(AFX_RESOURCE_DLL) || defined(AFX_TARG_RUS) #ifdef _WIN32 LANGUAGE LANG_RUSSIAN, SUBLANG_DEFAULT #pragma code_page(1251) #endif //_WIN32   and also   #define TEXT_LOCALE_ID          (MAKELCID( MAKELANGID(LANG_RUSSIAN, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), SORT_DEFAULT ))   in some *.h file where I store strings in format such as  #define SOME_STR_RUS  _T("Строка на русском")

I've got several large MFC applications here, and converting them into any other format is out of the question.  We're expanding into other markets, and would like to make the apps work in other languages and cultures.  So far, I've found occasional references as to what to do with Visual C++ version 6, with one mention that later versions of MFC have additional relevant features.  Searching MSDN gives me instructions on how to convert the apps to Unicode, which we already did.  I found nothing on MSDN on how to make languages multilingual once they're in Unicode, only a few older things using Google, and one book about internationalization using VC++6.  (We're using Visual Studio 2008 now, on XP and Vista.)    I make no claims for the strength of my Google-fu, and would be happy to be directed to things I've missed.  Is it reasonable to use the methods of VC++6, or should I use later features?  If I should use features later than that, where can I find some reference to them?  Is there something I should worry about other than setting the locale, converting all strings to resources, and duplicating resources in different languages?  I can find more things about .NET internationalization, but I'm inexperienced in .NET.  What will I find there that's applicable to VC++ and MFC?  Edit:  I just ran into difficulties trying to put Unicode strings into the String Table resource.  (As far as I can tell, Unicode strings need to be entered into the .rc file with a text editor, in L"0x0034" form.  I haven't found a resource editor way to do that.)  Any tips on that?  Any other resource I can use in VS2008 using VC++ and MFC?  Edit:  Somebody on a Microsoft forum suggested that I open the offending .rc file in Notepad, and save it in Unicode.  Unfortunately, this doesn't seem to fix the dialogs, although the stringtable seems to be working in Japanese.


I have hundreds of .exr files that I need to convert to .png -- however, each file has to be opened with an application to ensure it has the proper exposure, etc. (which are conveniently the default settings on the app), then saved to a folder. Thus for every file, I have to   Drag the file from Finder into a QT4Image window to open it with QT4Image. The default exposure and gamma on QT4Image are appropriate, so no changes need to be made there. It requires no visual confirmation, it just needs to be opened on QT4Image. Click File -> Save As. Copy and paste the file name, and add ".png" to the end of it, so that it's saved as "[same file name].png". The file name is the exact same as it was, except now ends in .png instead of .exr Ex. file32.exr would become file32.png Put it in the right folder (all the .png files are going in the same folder).   It's a trivial task but very time consuming, and I am wondering if people have any advice how I would go about coding this instead of doing it manually?

As implied by the title, does anybody know how to use the gimp-console-[version].exe program to batch convert images between formats (with default settings) in Windows ?


Whenever I open my iMessage on my iPhone it crashes.  Someone sent a message that contained like 5000 of these (and I'm not even exaggerating) that's about 50000 characters.    ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡° )   Please help me delete this group message without going on my iPhone. (I have a windows PC with iTunes.)

I have an iPod Touch 5th gen and I sent a really long emoji message to my friend and both our iPods froze! Now everytime I try to open it, it goes to the conversation menu, freezes for about 10 seconds, then crashes back to home screen.   I tried:   Restart Long Restart Double clicking home and closing all recently used apps Turning off imessage then turning it back on and logging in Going to contacts then clicking to iMessage them   Nothing works.


I'm struggling to find the correct RegEx for this problem:  I want to search a string for a value. If true, the result should be an emty string, otherwise the whole string.  Example  "We have apples, oranges, and peas"   Check for "apples" -> "  Check for "tomato" -> "We have apples, oranges, and peas"  I have to solve it using a standard RegEx statement. Since it is the only way I can modify the original string in the application.  Basically what I want to do is:  s="We have apples, oranges, and peas"  w="tomato"  IF instr(s,w)>0 then result="" else result=s   The problem is that the only way I can modify the string is by a regex syntax  I believe I have solved it by myself. Have no clue why it works :)   (?(?=.*apples)|.*)|.*   returns nothing as I want   (?(?=.*banana)|.*)|.*   returns We have apples, oranges, and peas  The following regex also works   ^((?!apples).)*$

I know it's possible to match a word and then reverse the matches using other tools (e.g. grep -v). However, is it possible to match lines that do not contain a specific word, e.g. hede, using a regular expression?   Input:  hoho hihi haha hede   Code:  grep "<Regex for 'doesn't contain hede'>" input   Desired output:  hoho hihi haha


Thank you for your patience over the last 15 weeks whilst we build this road   Can I replace the over by during or in and if I can, is it making any difference then?  The previous question in this regard didn't get a thorough explanation about over and during being used with a period of time. Some indicated when during are used with a period of time, it has connotation that thing happened intermittently, but in fact I can find many instances contradict this viewpoint, saying, wages have fallen by more than twenty percent during the past two months...and interesting thing is we have a analogous sentence in which over is used, the number of attacks on the capital had gone down over the past week...  My goal is to make the difference between them clearer rather than ambiguous results got in that post.

Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows in the past three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows in the last three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows for the past three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows for the last three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows for the past three years. ("for" omitted) Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows for the last three years. ("for" omitted) Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows during the past three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows during the last three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows over the past three years. Microsoft has steadily improved its operating cash flows over the last three years.  Which of them are idiomatic and preferred? Are they interchangeable?


I have a multiline text, in which I want to swap the names of Leibniz and Newton :  1) Either Leibniz or Newton or both have invented calculus.  2) Newton claimed he was the first.  3) Newton lived in England, and Leibniz lived in Germany.  4) Leibniz and Newton are the same person, said Leibniz..   5) Leibniz and Newton are not the same person, said Newton about Leibniz.   So I created (with help of examples in S.O.) the following regex :  (Leibniz|Newton)(.+)(Leibniz|Newton)   to be replaced with  $3$2$1   The result is that the names are swapped in lines 1 and 3 only :  1) Either Newton or Leibniz or both have invented calculus. (OK)  2) Newton claimed he was the first.   3) Leibniz lived in England, and Newton lived in Germany. (OK)  4) Leibniz and Newton are the same person, said Leibniz..   5) Leibniz and Newton are not the same person, said Newton about Leibniz.   Where did I go wrong ? I only understand that my regex works only if the lines contain one A AND one B, but not if there are less (0) or more (2, 3, etc...) occurrences of A OR B.  I would be very grateful for a small explanation (if it is not a chore).  Thanks in advance

I have this gigantic ugly string: J0000000: Transaction A0001401 started on 8/22/2008 9:49:29 AM J0000010: Project name: E:\foo.pf J0000011: Job name: MBiek Direct Mail Test J0000020: Document 1 - Completed successfully  I'm trying to extract pieces from it using regex. In this case, I want to grab everything after Project Name up to the part where it says J0000011: (the 11 is going to be a different number every time). Here's the regex I've been playing with: Project name:\s+(.*)\s+J[0-9]{7}:  The problem is that it doesn't stop until it hits the J0000020: at the end. How do I make the regex stop at the first occurrence of J[0-9]{7}?


Similar to , but it only deals with Junk items and Debris.  What can I do to items that are not Junk, but also no longer needed / wanted, like underpowered Guns, Ammo for weapons I don't have, Armor Pieces that are just as good as no armor at all?

In my Junk inventory I can see the components that make up an item. For example, an Adjustable Wrench yields Steel and a Gear. There are also weapons and armor I don't need, as well as debris lying around my settlement in the form of cars, tires, trees, etc.  How can I turn these things into their component parts for crafting?


I have done some research during the past year on one of the topics I am studying. Now I have got some nice results which I think I should publish. I think I can write a conference paper based on my results; a journal one might be too difficult at this point.  I have conducted the research alone, and have not received any help from any faculty members. Now, when I'm writing the paper, I came to consider for the first time am I allowed to publish under the institution I am studying in? I mean, I can list my university as my affiliation, even though I'm just an undergrad student, right? .. I could not find anything on this from the university rules, so I guess its "quiet information".

Lets say an undergraduate student does some research in his/her free time and wants to write a paper about the findings. What are the rules regarding affiliation when the student tries to publish?   The student is required to include the university as affiliation, because he/she is enrolled in a program at the university The student is not allowed to include the university as affiliation, because he/she is not officially hired/approved to do research under the name of the university There are no rules, the student can choose ...?   I guess for graduate students / postdocs / professors it is mandatory to include the university as affiliation, as they get paid by the university to do the research they are doing!?


Is there a way to generate a sequence of usual/standard exposure time options mathematically? Something like 1/5000, 1/2500, 1/1500, 1/1000...1/500, 1/250/ 1/125...1/60...1/30...1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 1, 2, 3, 4...8, 16, 32 (all in seconds).  Note that the sequence above is just an example to describe what I mean. The gap between different options does not have to be the same as above, nor the actual values.  Also, the sequence might be a combination of different sequences generated differently.

Here are some common shutter speeds you will find on most DSLR cameras:   1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, 1/4000   As you move from left to right, or as you increase the shutter speed, you are halving the amount of light that hits the sensor. In other words, you are decreasing the amount of light by one stop for each step. So 1/30 is half of 1/15, and 1/60 is half of 1/30. But then you come to 1/125, which is not half of 1/60. Half of 1/60 is 1/120. This is basic math.  So you break the sequence or pattern. But as you continue, it starts to make sense again. So 1/250 is in fact half of 1/125, and 1/500 is in fact half of 1/250, and 1/1000 is in fact half of 1/500, so on and so forth.  So there appear to be two distinct sequences here.   1/15, 1/30, 1/60 1/125, 1/250, 1/500, 1/1000, 1/2000, 1/4000   Is there a sane reason for this?  I know that people sometimes talk about half stops or even thirds of a full stop. But then what is 1/125 the half stop, or third stop of? If you increase 1/60 by a third you get 1/180. This setting does not exist in the standard sequence. The closest you will get is 1/160. If you increase 1/60 by a half, you get 1/120 and it doesn't exist either.  Is this all arbitrarily set by the camera manufacturers, or is there perhaps some reason and history behind this?


I came to know that C# 3.0 comes with a new feature of Auto-Implemented Properties,I liked it as we don't have to declare extra private varible in this (compare to earlier property),  earlier I was using a Property i.e.   private bool isPopup = true; public bool IsPopup {     get     {       return isPopup;     }     set     {       isPopup = value;     } }   Now I've converted it into Auto-Implemented property i.e.  public bool IsPopup {     get; set; }   I want to set the default value of this property to true without using it not even in page_init method, I tried but not succeeded, Can anyone explain how to do this?

How do you give a C# auto-property an initial value?  I either use the constructor, or revert to the old syntax.    Using the Constructor:  class Person  {     public Person()     {         Name = "Initial Name";     }     public string Name { get; set; } }   Using normal property syntax  (with an initial value)  private string name = "Initial Name"; public string Name  {     get      {         return name;     }     set     {         name = value;     } }   Is there a better way?


Suppose that $\left (X, \langle \cdot,\cdot \rangle \right)$ be a complex inner product space. Let $x,y \in X$ be such that $\|\alpha x + \beta y \|^2 = \|\alpha x\|^2 + \|\beta y\|^2$ for all pairs $\alpha, \beta \in \Bbb C$ $($ where $\|\cdot\|$ is the norm induced by the inner product on $X$ $).$ Then $\langle x,y \rangle = 0$ i.e. $x \perp y.$   How do I show that? Please help me in this regard.  Thank you very much.

I'm taking a course in Real Analysis and have come across the following question which I initially thought looked quite simple:  Let $X$ be an inner product space over $\mathbb{K}$ ($\mathbb{K} = \mathbb{C}$ or $\mathbb{R}$) Show that x and y are orthogonal if and only if $||\lambda x  + \mu y||^2 = ||\lambda x||^2 + ||\mu y||^2$ for all $\mu, \lambda \in \mathbb{K}$.  I have proven the statement in one direction (starting with orthogonality and ending up with $||\lambda x  + \mu y||^2 = ||\lambda x||^2 + ||\mu y||^2$). However, I seem to be getting stuck trying to go in the other direction. The following is what I have so far:  $||\lambda x  + \mu y||^2 = ||\lambda x||^2 + 2\bar{\lambda}\mu Re<x,y> + ||\mu y||^2$  Then we must have 2$\bar{\lambda}\mu Re<x,y> = 0$ for the desired equality to hold, and so $Re<x,y> = 0$.   However, for orthogonality I want $<x,y> = 0$ and can't see how I can make this next step.  Any help would be greatly appreciated.


There are two bash usages:  $ bash -c 'echo $0' bash  $bash -c 'echo $0' "text" text   Why in the first case parameter $0 holds the program name but in second the first parameter?

Usually, $0 in a script is set to the name of the script, or to whatever it was invoked as (including the path). However, if I use bash with the -c option, $0 is set to the first of the arguments passed after the command string:  bash -c 'echo $0' foo bar  # foo    In effect, it seems like positional parameters have been shifted, but including $0. However shift in the command string doesn't affect $0 (as normal):  bash -c 'echo $0; shift; echo $0' foo bar # foo # foo   Why this apparently odd behaviour for command strings? Note that I am looking for the reason, the rationale, behind implementing such odd behaviour.     One could speculate that such a command string wouldn't need the $0 parameter as usually defined, so for economy it is also used for normal arguments. However, in that case the behaviour of shift is odd. Another possibility is that $0 is used to define the behaviour of programs (a la bash called as sh or vim called as vi), but that cannot be, since $0 here is only seen in the command string and not by programs called within it. I cannot think of any other uses for $0, so I am at a loss to explain this.


I'm learning about tautologies right now. I see that a tautology is when two propositional statements have the same truth values. But I'm struggle with the truth table my professor provided about the tautology between "p implies q" and "not p or q" The first two columns of the truth table are obviously the propositional variables, p and q. The next column represents "not p" which I don't understand why we'd have that considering the first column contains instances of "not p". The fourth column is where I become confused, because from it I get the conclusions, "not p or q" is true when both p and q are true (which I agree with), it is false when p is true and q is false (which I don't understand. I thought as long as at least one propositional variable is true within a disjunction the statement is true as long as its not the exclusive or?, true when p is false and q is true (this makes sense, that's the proposition itself), and true when p is false and q is false (again, I don't understand this. Here we have a disjunction where both variables are false, and yet somehow the proposition "not p or q" is true?) Can someone explain what I'm missing?

Can someone provide me with the simplest possible argument for why the material conditional has the truth table it does?   Googling doesn't help at all, providing only flimsy and clumsy arguments. I want the argument to be simple, and yet as convincing as possible.


users want me to add a related list to a custom object to allow you to add attachments. What is the difference between the "Files" and "Notes & Attachments" related list?

We have been using Notes and Attachment to store files related to the record. I also read about Files in salesforce.   How are Files different from Attachment? Are there any limitations or benefits of using Files instead of Attachments?  Are Files available for all editions of Salesforce?  Is it possible to link Files to particular records so they are visible as related list? I tried looking into the content version  but cant seem to find anything to relate to a record


Lets say I have a table named users with the fields id, name, username, and password. When i write the query for getting all of the fields, is it better to write it this way  $sql = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM users LIMIT 50");   or this way:  $sql = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT id, name, username, password FROM users LIMIT 50");   for this code:  while($me = mysqli_fetch_array($sql)){  $id = $me['id']; $name = $me['name']; $user = $me['username']; $pass = $me['password']; }   Is one better then the other. Is one more finely tuned then the other. Or are they both the exact same performance wise

I've heard that SELECT * is generally bad practice to use when writing SQL commands because it is more efficient to SELECT columns you specifically need.  If I need to SELECT every column in a table, should I use   SELECT * FROM TABLE   or   SELECT column1, colum2, column3, etc. FROM TABLE   Does the efficiency really matter in this case? I'd think SELECT * would be more optimal internally if you really need all of the data, but I'm saying this with no real understanding of database.  I'm curious to know what the best practice is in this case.  UPDATE: I probably should specify that the only situation where I would really want to do a SELECT * is when I'm selecting data from one table where I know all columns will always need to be retrieved, even when new columns are added.   Given the responses I've seen however, this still seems like a bad idea and SELECT * should never be used for a lot more technical reasons that I ever though about.


Given a list of URLs urls of unknown length, I want to divide it into slices of 20 urls (plus the slice containing the remainder, if there is one). So if it contains 96 URLS, I'll have a 4 slices of 20, and a slice of 16. Also if the length is less than 20, obviously the list itself is the only slice.  Given:   quotient = len(urls) / 20 remainder = len(urls) % 20   Then:  if len(urls) / 20 == 0:    slice = urls else:    numberOfSlices = (quotient + 1) if remainder !=0 else quotient   From here, I can start constructing the individual slices. But it's all starting to feel a little convoluted. Is there a more efficient (perhaps with NumPy) way of achieving this?

I have a list of arbitrary length, and I need to split it up into equal size chunks and operate on it. There are some obvious ways to do this, like keeping a counter and two lists, and when the second list fills up, add it to the first list and empty the second list for the next round of data, but this is potentially extremely expensive.  I was wondering if anyone had a good solution to this for lists of any length, e.g. using generators.  I was looking for something useful in itertools but I couldn't find anything obviously useful. Might've missed it, though.  Related question:


As far as I'm concerned, the degree of freedom is simply the number of linear equations need to be satisfied. However, it seems closely related to the statistical deduction. For example   Dividing by the degree of freedom of a statistic gives an unbiased estimator. $$E(\overline{\sigma^2}) = E\left(\frac{\sum_{i}^{n}(X_i-\overline{X})^2}{\color{red}{n-1}}\right) = \sigma^2.$$ Similar conclusions can be found in regression. The denominator of unbiased estimators of SSE, SSR, and SST is their degree of freedom respectively. In Pearson's chi-squared test, the degree of freedom of the $\chi^2$ is essentially the number of unfitted parameters.   Is there an intuitive explanation of the ubiquitousness of degree of freedom?

I went through this thread on degrees of freedom: , and the great answers in it, but then I read  on Wikipedia on the article about regression:     Statistical assumptions      When the number of measurements, N, is larger than the number of   unknown parameters, k, and the measurement errors εi are normally   distributed then the excess of information contained in (N − k)   measurements is used to make statistical predictions about the unknown   parameters. This excess of information is referred to as the degrees   of freedom of the regression.   Given this definition, if $N$ increases, the degrees of freedom increase as well, but intuitively that would make the problem more constrained (we have more information per parameter). Why is N-k then called degrees of freedom, and it isn't the other way around e.g. (k-N)?


I have found many posts on this matter. But none of them fulfills my purpose. So I am describing my situation briely. I have read ring theory from Dummit & Foote. I have been reading some field theory from the book Galois theory by Rotman. I am particularly interested in quadratic integer rings. I've also read some articles on this and started to read the number theory book by Ireland and Rosen. I really liked the subject. But while reading some things didn't come to naturally, like when they introduced universal side divisors and proved some integral domains are not euclidean domains and when they introduced Dedekind-Hasse norm and proved R is a PID iff R has a D-H norm. These were especially the parts I liked the most. But the applications of these were really hard (very manipulative). I would really like to read more about this area. Although I don't want to start algebraic number theory now. Any introductory or intermediate reference or some expostiory articles will be helpful.

Could anyone direct me to a good reference book(s) for quadratic integer rings? Ideally, the reference would begin with their elementary properties and then proceed through their ring-theoretic properties: for example, which quadratic integer rings are PIDs, which are UFDs, which are EDs, and which are multi-stage EDs. Also, if the reference could connect the subject material to elementary number theory that would be splendid. For example, connecting the primes of $\Bbb Z[i]$ with the primes of $\Bbb Z$ and solutions to Pell's Equation.  I've only read about these rings through books whose main purpose was to introduce the the fundamentals of abstract algebra, and I want a more specialized reference.  Any input is appreciated.


I implemented a strategy design pattern, therefore I have a pointer to an interface in the Context class so I can use polymorphism. I want to call the subclass and base class destructor of Strategy classes when the object goes out of scope, nevertheless this not happen if I use a pointer to the interface.  I changed the pointer to the Abstract class in the Context class and everything works as expected, the destructors are being called when the instance goes out of scope. Also, I debugged the application and the smart pointers are releasing the allocated memory so I would expect the other destructors to be called.  I would like to know why the destructors are not called when the interface is pointed to and what is the right approach to keep the abstraction as high as possible. How the interface is different from the Abstract class that calling hierarchy is not respected.  I'm using:   gcc (x86_64-posix-seh-rev0, Built by MinGW-W64 project) 8.1.0  Win10 x64 Intel Core i7 @2.7GHz 16 GB RAM   Here is the code I'm testing with:  #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <memory>  class StrategyInterface  { public:     virtual void print() = 0; };  class AbstractStrategy : public StrategyInterface { private:     int a; public:     AbstractStrategy();     virtual ~AbstractStrategy();     virtual void print() { std::cout << "Printing from Base\n"; } };  AbstractStrategy::AbstractStrategy() {     std::cout << "Calling base constructor\n" ; }  AbstractStrategy::~AbstractStrategy() {     std::cout << "Calling base destructor" ; }  class ConreteStrategy1 : public AbstractStrategy { public:     ConreteStrategy1()  { std::cout << "Hello from SubClass1 constructor \n"; }     ~ConreteStrategy1() { std::cout << "Hello from SubClass1 destructor \n"; } };  class ConreteStrategy2 : public AbstractStrategy { public:      ConreteStrategy2() { std::cout << "Hello from SubClass2 constructor \n"; }     ~ConreteStrategy2() { std::cout << "Hello from SubClass2 destructor \n"; } };  class Context { public:     Context(int a)      {         if (a)         {             t = std::make_unique<ConreteStrategy1>();              t->print();         }          else         {             t = std::make_unique<ConreteStrategy2>();             t->print();         }     }      ~Context() = default; private:      std::unique_ptr<StrategyInterface> t; };  void test() {     Context context(0); }  int main(int argc, char const *argv[]) {     test();     return 0; }   My expected output:  Calling base constructor Hello from SubClass2 constructor Printing from Base Hello from SubClass2 destructor Calling base destructor   Note: this works when I use this std::unique_ptr<AbstractStrategy> t; instead of std::unique_ptr<StrategyInterface> t;  My actual output:  Calling base constructor  Hello from SubClass2 constructor Printing from Base   As you can see the destructor is not being called when the object goes out of scope.

I have a solid understanding of most OOP theory but the one thing that confuses me a lot is virtual destructors. I thought that the destructor always gets called no matter what and for every object in the chain. When are you meant to make them virtual and why?


How can we sum up $\sin$ and $\cos$ series when the angles are in arithmetic progression? For example here is the sum of $\cos$ series:  $$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\cos (a+k \cdot d) =\frac{\sin(n \times \frac{d}{2})}{\sin ( \frac{d}{2} )} \times \cos \biggl( \frac{ 2 a + (n-1)\cdot d}{2}\biggr)$$  There is a slight difference in case of $\sin$, which is: $$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\sin (a+k \cdot d) =\frac{\sin(n \times \frac{d}{2})}{\sin ( \frac{d}{2} )} \times \sin\biggl( \frac{2  a + (n-1)\cdot d}{2}\biggr)$$   How do we prove the above two identities?


I'm trying to write a multiple nested if formula but keep receiving the following error.   Error: Syntax error. Extra ','  IF((TODAY() > CloseDate && TEXT(StageName)='Donation Likely'),TRUE),    IF((TODAY() > CloseDate && TEXT(StageName)='Donation Prospecting'),TRUE), IF((TEXT(StageName) <> 'Donation Likely'||TEXT( StageName ) <> 'Donation  Prospecting'|| TODAY() < CloseDate,FALSE)

I am trying to write a formula for opportunities but I keep getting the following error   Error: Syntax error. Extra ','  Here is my formula       IF      (TODAY() > CloseDate && TEXT(StageName)='Donation Likely')     ||      (TODAY() > CloseDate && TEXT(StageName)='Donation Prospecting'),"Past                   Due","Expecting")


I was making linked list program in c++ and I saw that for allocting memory we can use both new operator and malloc() function. I cant figure out the difference between the two and what i should use. Please help!!!

What is the difference between new/delete and malloc/free?  Related (duplicate?):


I know that these two functions have statistical significance, but I'm finding it hard to grasp any intuition about them. I understand that in their own way they represent some type of 'average' distance an arbitrary data point has from the dataset’s mean.  In my head, if I wanted to know the average distance a point has from its dataset’s mean, I would do something like this:  $\frac{\sum|X_i - \mu|}{N}$  which  literally turns out to be the mean distance from the mean of the dataset. But variance does not take an absolute value to get rid of the sign, it takes a square, which makes me lose grasp on what the actual meaning of the end number is. And standard deviation just square roots the end result of variance, mucking up the waters for me even more.  Can anyone give me some type of intuition on these two values?

In the definition of standard deviation, why do we have to square the difference from the mean to get the mean (E) and take the square root back at the end? Can't we just simply take the absolute value of the difference instead and get the expected value (mean) of those, and wouldn't that also show the variation of the data? The number is going to be different from square method (the absolute-value method will be smaller), but it should still show the spread of data. Anybody know why we take this square approach as a standard?  The definition of standard deviation:  $\sigma = \sqrt{E\left[\left(X - \mu\right)^2\right]}.$   Can't we just take the absolute value instead and still be a good measurement?  $\sigma = E\left[|X - \mu|\right]$


I am using axure RP 30 day free trial and I have a startup idea. I need to make the website really quickly. But when I at the wireframe stage I encountered with a problem.Problem is, According to which page size (width) I need to design my website? My screen resolution is 1920x1080 but I don't know how to design for all screen sizes? But one more problem: Some people say use 960grid system but when I use 960 grid there is no screen resolution like 960x480 960x350 etc. Please help me I hope I explain well my problem thanks. Sorry for my bad english   Edit: I mean when I design the page for 960 grid Does that design fit bigger screen resolutions for example 1920x1080? Or Do I need to use 1200 grid system or 980 etc to fit the design bigger pages than 1024x780. When I design my page for 960 grid Will  my website be seen as 1024x768px on every screen? Which page size I need to use to wireframe my pages? My screen size is 1920x1080. I need to place my elements every corner of the page not just on the middle. So for this job Is it useful to design with 960grid? thanks

I'm just starting to learn web design and ux and I have a very simple question. What is the best resolution to design for?   For example, I want to design a WP Plugin settings page, what resolution should it be? What resolution should I use for the buttons?


Is there a standard and aesthetically pleasing way to typeset a unix command inline. For example, I may want to refer to 'ls' as I do in this sentence.

What is the command to insert inline code words into the text like this?   I know there are packages for inserting snippets into the code, but I need to insert keywords within the main text. I was wondering if there is a more convenient way to do that.


My project has over 7 million vertices, 6 million faces and 12 million tris's.   I'm also new to rendering but it's slowing down my project A LOT.   My scene has a lot of leaves and grass and I bet they are the ones that have a lot of the polygons and are the ones who causes the slowness.   My animation is 800 frames long, and each frame takes ~2-3 minutes to render...   I looked for solutions in the internet, there were some options like: Decimate Geometry; select all vertices and give them a Limited Dissolve option; and for triangle reduction I should do Ctrl+T.   Problem is, there are way too many objects to click and apply these settings manually, is there any way around this? Or maybe there is an add-on that does it all even better?

Is it possible to add a modifier to more than one mesh at once?  I have a lot of unique objects,  and I want to set a subdivide modifier to them, would I have to do each one individually?   I have tried selecting all the objects and then adding a modifier, but as I expected, it only added it to the active object.


I am using the “Preview” application for reading a PDF file on a MacBook Pro. Is there any way in I can read it in dark mode?   You can do it in Adobe Acrobat Reader by changing background and text color, but can “Preview” do that too?

When a PDF is opened, its actual background color is often white. On Windows, several PDF viewers have the ability to set the background color to another one, which doesn't modify the PDF file itself. You can just think that it adds a virtual color when a file is opened by those software. But when you open the same file by other softwares, it still has white background.  I often need to read many articles (PDF format) a day, and white background make my eyes feel uncomfortable.  Does Preview have the same feature? Or any plugin to do this?


I decided to install new updates at the end of January. I have made two updates - one upon install and the other one yesterday which was marked as a security update.   After that the system asked for a reboot, and then...black screen. Nothing, absolutely nothing can be done - tried crtl+alt+f(1,2,3,4) to introduce any commands. How do I fix this?  My computer is Asus Eee PC 1215B AMD C-50 1gh, 4gb ram Ati radeon hd 6250, two systems on board.

I am trying to boot Ubuntu on my computer.  When I boot Ubuntu, it boots to a black screen.  How can I fix this? Table of Contents:


I am trying to A regression problem where we have n distincts points, $x_{1}, x_{2},\ldots, x_{n} \in \mathbb{R}$. We can treat observations as independent random variables $y_{1}, y_{2},\ldots, y_{n}$ depending on the given formula: $$ y_i = \theta_{0} + \theta_{1}x_i^2 + \theta_{2}\exp{(x_i)} + \varepsilon_i $$ where $\varepsilon_i$ are distributed as $N(0,\sigma^2)$. Derive the maximum likelihood estimator for $\theta_{0},\theta_{1},\theta_{2}$ . Maximising $L(y_n | \theta_0, \theta_1, \theta_2)$ is equivalent to minimising  $   \sum_{i=1}^n(y_i - \theta_0 - \theta_1 x_i ^ 2 - \theta_2 e^{x_i}) ^ 2 $ I am trying to use ordinary least squares to minimise  $   \sum_{i=1}^n(y_i - \theta_0 - \theta_1 x_i ^ 2 - \theta_2 e^{x_i}) ^ 2 $ but really would want to see a step by step solution to reaching. Kindest regards

Assume we have $n$ distinct points $x_1,x_2,...,x_n\in \Bbb{R}$, and observations which are independent random variables $y_1,y_2,...,y_n$ depending on formula: $$ y_i=\theta_0+\theta_1x_i^2+\theta_3e^{x_i}+\varepsilon_i $$ where $\varepsilon_i$ are distributed as $N(0,\sigma^2)$. Derive the maximum likelihood estimator for $\theta_{0},\theta_{1},\theta_{2}$ .  I know how to find the MLE for a known distribution like normal or Poisson, but for this question, I don't how I can find the likelihood function, should I consider it as normal distribution? And I don't know what the mean and variance would be since I can't figure out the distribution and likelihood function. Also, should I consider $\varepsilon_i$ as a useful variable, or just treat it as an error in estimation? Thanks for any help.


Regards. I would like to pour out something that I found on Youtube, and test my view on this.  $$ f(x) = x^{2} $$     $$ f'(x) = 2x $$   $$ x^{2} = \: x \: + \: x \: + \: ... \: + \: ... \: + \: x \: \: (\text{as many as x})$$     $$ \frac{d(x^{2})}{dx} = \: 1  \: + \: 1 \: + \: .... \: + \: 1 \: = 1 \cdot x  $$   So we get from the results above : $$ 2 = 1 \: \: (??) $$  But in another way   $$ x^{2} = x \cdot x $$     $$  \frac{d(x^{2})}{dx}  = (1 \cdot x) + (x \cdot 1) = 2x $$   This refers to the video :    The mistake in the 2nd paradox in the video is clear, but for the 1st one .. some insightful thoughts?  My argument is that the 'summation'  $$ x \: + \: x \: + \: ... \: + \: ... \: + \: x \: \: (\text{as many as x}) $$ may not be seen as a function of $x$. But also because this only holds when $x$ is a positive integer, and we count the limit as below   \begin{align*} \frac{d(x^{2})}{dx}  &=  \lim \frac{(x + \triangle x)^{2} - (x)^{2}}{\triangle x} \\ &= \lim \frac{(x^{2} + 2 x \triangle x + \triangle x^{2}) - (x)^{2} }{\triangle x}  \\ &= \lim \frac{(x + x) \triangle x + \triangle x^{2}  }{\triangle x}  = (x+x) = 2x  \end{align*}  Thanks, all the best.

We have simple function: $$Y = X^2$$  Writing $X^2$ as: $X^2 = \underbrace{X+X+X+...+X}_{X \text{ times}}$  We can write above equation as:  $$ Y = \underbrace{X+X+X+...+X}_{X \text{ times}}$$  Differentiating with respect to $X$, we get:   $$ \frac{dY}{dX} = \underbrace{1+1+1+1+........+1}_{X \text{ times}}\\ \frac{dY}{dX} =X $$  Since it is known that result must be:  $$\frac{dY}{dX}= 2X$$  I just want to know what is wrong with the above derivation.


I have a website which is 2 years old and it is simple PHP pages.  I had set up Google Analytics and Google Webmaster Tools for it.  Just last week I removed that PHP website and installed a new WordPress website. I just created pages with the old site's content and also add few new images.  The issue is: when I logged into my Google Webmaster Tools account there were 170 404 not found errors!  How do I resolve the error messages saying 404 not found?  How can I remove not existing page links from Google Webmaster Tools?  Will it affect my website traffic?

My Google Webmaster Tools account, shows that I have crawling errors that are caused by links to pages that do not exist (404 not found).   But when I look at the source pages that are accused of having these broken links, there are no such links in them.  As of now, I have 6 404 errors in sitemaps and 28 in the rest of my site.  E.g. the address  does not exist, yet Google indicates that I have 3 pages that link to this address:  http://www.webdesk.co.il/sitemapgen.php http://www.webdesk.co.il/articles.php?t=css http://www.webdesk.co.il/articles.php?id=17 //this address dont even exist   If you open each of these pages, you'll see that they don't have these links in them.  I thought this may be a result of an old crawling that was not yet updated, but those pages haven't existed for over than 6 months and Google indicates that all the crawling results are up to date (Dec 22 2012).  Why do I keep getting these 404 errors by Google?


I wrote a piece of code for queuing system for a simulation. And I need to print some values to a txt file after compiling the code. I wrote the code for writing to files but although it creates the file, it does not print the values to my text file. If you can help I will appriciate. Here is the piece of code that I have...  #include<stdio.h> #include<time.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<math.h>  int main() { float rho_start ; // start value of the utilization factor  float rho_end ; // end value of the utilization factor float rho_step ; // step value of the utilization factor float lambda ; // ratio of customers and time float N ; // mean number of customers in the system float Q ; // mean number of customers in queue float res_time ; // response time float mu ; // service rate , assuming mu = 10 customers/s for this assignment float i ; // for the loop  printf("Please enter the start value of the rho : "); scanf("%f",&rho_start);  printf("Please enter the end value of the rho : "); scanf("%f",&rho_end);  printf("Please enter the step value of the rho : "); scanf("%f",&rho_step);  printf("Please enter the mu : "); scanf("%f",&mu);  printf("RHO \t\t N \t\t Q \t\t RT \n"); printf("--- \t\t --- \t\t --- \t\t --- \n"); for( i = rho_start ; i < rho_end ; i = i + rho_step) {     N = i/(1-i) ;     lambda = i * mu ;     Q = (i*i)/(1-i) ;     res_time = N/lambda ;     printf("%.3f \t\t %.3f \t\t %.3f \t\t %.3f \n", i , N , Q , res_time); }      FILE * f1;      f1 = fopen("sample.txt","w");      if( rho_step == 0.1 )     {             for(i = rho_start ; i < rho_end ; i = i + rho_step)         {             N = i/(1-i) ;             fprintf(f1 , "%.3f \t\t %.3f \n" , i , N);          }     }        if( f1 == NULL )      {            printf("Cannot open file.\n");     exit(1);     }      fclose(f1);     return 0;   }

Consider the following code:   0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3  ->  false   0.1 + 0.2         ->  0.30000000000000004   Why do these inaccuracies happen?


On Music Fans SE, the tag milesdavis was merged with the tag miles-davis on . At some point, the parent tag was removed from all existing questions, so it was auto-deleted. But, the synonym is still present in the . Clicking on the synonym redirects to the page of the parent tag.  Ideally, one would expect all the synonyms to be deleted when the parent tag is deleted.   Can we have that when a parent tag is (auto) deleted, so are all its synonyms? In the meantime, is there anything that a user (or moderator) can do to remove such tags that are in limbo?   I notice that a similar feature-request / bug report was made , but that was over a year ago and there has been no response on that question, so I hope it's alright to resurrect this issue with a new question.

I recently encountered  on MSO, where a user asks about why certain tags appear in the tag overview page.  This issue is caused by a synonym that redirects users to a non-existent tag.  I've created , and on Stack Overflow alone, a total of 60 approved synonyms exist that point to tags that don't exist. On other sites, I expect orphaned synonyms will exist too  These synonyms are still functional: they show up in the tag page, when searching for it you still get redirected, and if you try to use it in a new question, you will get a prompt if you want to create the synonym target (if you're >1.5K+ rep).  Could we destroy all synonyms too when destroying tags? Or add a separate cleanup script for synonyms?   Not sure if feature request or bug report, feel free to retag