In reading a curriculum vitae, I noticed an author used both   2013 M.A. of Information Science   and    2008 M.A. in Philosophy.   Is there any logic to this? Which one should be preferred for academic cv's?

We had this argument today at work regarding which one of those two is more correct. Neither of us is a native English speaker. A simple Google research would reveal that most Wikipedia articles use the bachelor of format.  For example:        Bachelor of Arts   Bachelor of Science   Bachelor of Laws   Bachelor of Commerce      The particular case we are having is to describe a person’s education within the contact information of a company's website.  Here’s a partial example:     John Smith      Professional experience         ...   ...         Education         Bachelor [in/of] Accounting and Control      Which one is more correct? Or are they equally suitable?


I am trying to set mutliple attributes to a form. I want the form to be centered and the background to be orange. But only the last attribute is executed. So in the code below the background color would be orange but the form would not be centered.  Here is my code:  <!DOCTYPE html>        <form id="form">        First Name:
        <input type="text" name="firstname">
          Last name:
          <input type="text" name="lastname">        </form>           Could someone tell me why this happens and how set mutliple attributes on one element? Thanks!

How can I horizontally center a
 within another
 using CSS?

Foo foo


Let me first start out by saying I am no mail guru. If you need more info to help me just let me know.   This week the mail server has been having all sorts of strange issues. It has been duplicating emails last week it wouldn't even let me connect to imap with thunderbird until postfix was restarted. I never did determine why this was. At any rate a few nights ago I was searching around in the mail log trying to search for an answer as to why this might be causing these issues. With no real leads I simply began looking for anomalies. Doing this I stumbled upon thousands of email messages that are being routed through the mail system. So far as I can tell my main.cf file is correct and postfix should not be acting as an open relay. I do not understand how mail is being sent through the system. Does anyone know how this is possible?   The spam messages seem to be coming from hundreds of different domains that from all over the world. Most of them seem point to CentOS servers running apache, mail, and ssh. The only thing that's set up on them is the apache test page that comes with CentOS. The mails that are being sent through our system are mostly being sent to cornerstone-valuation.com (little website with a submit email form that does not have a captcha) although there are some being sent from [CUSTOMER EMAIL] to a disposable email service(10minutemail.com) and the rest from [REDACTED]@cfm-valuation.com. This leads me to think these machines are actually part of a botnet and that our machine is as well.   From there things get even more wild. The IP’s that is sending spam though our system to [REDACTED]@cornerstone-valuation.com and drdrb.net are also sending spam many of our customers using our system. Maybe all of them I’m not sure. This means the people doing this have access to all of our customer email accounts which are located in /var/vmail/vmail1 (which can’t even be viewed unless root) and have distributed this information all across the internet. Does anyone here know how the spammer got this information?  Here are examples of log files and a huge list of domains that probably point at a bonnet of CentOS servers. Just follow the link below.    Edit: Another issue is that A lot of the messages that are being kicked back at the server, are not originating from the server in the first place.  They are coming from outside servers that are using [OUR MAIL DOMAIN] in the EHLO statements.

This is a  about Server Security - Responding to Breach Events (Hacking)   See Also:                  Canonical Version I suspect that one or more of my servers is compromised by a hacker, virus, or other mechanism:   What are my first steps? When I arrive on site should I disconnect the server, preserve "evidence", are there other initial considerations? How do I go about getting services back online? How do I prevent the same thing from happening immediately again? Are there best practices or methodologies for learning from this incident? If I wanted to put a Incident Response Plan together, where would I start? Should this be part of my Disaster Recovery or Business Continuity Planning?   Original Version       2011.01.02 - I'm on my way into work at 9.30 p.m. on a Sunday because our server has been compromised somehow and was resulting in a    attack on our provider. The servers access to the Internet   has been shut down which means over 5-600 of our clients sites are now   down. Now this could be an FTP hack, or some weakness in code   somewhere. I'm not sure till I get there.      How can I track this down quickly? We're in for a whole lot of   litigation if I don't get the server back up ASAP. Any help is   appreciated. We are running Open SUSE 11.0.            2011.01.03 - Thanks to everyone for your help. Luckily I WASN'T the only person responsible for this server, just the nearest. We managed   to resolve this problem, although it may not apply to many others in a   different situation. I'll detail what we did.      We unplugged the server from the net. It was performing (attempting to   perform) a Denial Of Service attack on another server in Indonesia,   and the guilty party was also based there.      We firstly tried to identify where on the server this was coming from,   considering we have over 500 sites on the server, we expected to be   moonlighting for some time. However, with SSH access still, we ran a   command to find all files edited or created in the time the attacks   started. Luckily, the offending file was created over the winter   holidays which meant that not many other files were created on the   server at that time.      We were then able to identify the offending file which was inside the   uploaded images folder within a  website.      After a short cigarette break we concluded that, due to the files   location, it must have been uploaded via a file upload facility that   was inadequetly secured. After some googling, we found that there was   a security vulnerability that allowed files to be uploaded, within the   ZenCart admin panel, for a picture for a record company. (The section   that it never really even used), posting this form just uploaded any   file, it did not check the extension of the file, and didn't even   check to see if the user was logged in.      This meant that any files could be uploaded, including a PHP file for   the attack. We secured the vulnerability with ZenCart on the infected   site, and removed the offending files.      The job was done, and I was home for 2 a.m.            The Moral   - Always apply security patches for ZenCart, or any other CMS system for that matter. As when security updates are released, the whole   world is made aware of the vulnerability.   - Always do backups, and backup your backups.   - Employ or arrange for someone that will be there in times like these. To prevent anyone from relying on a panicy post on Server   Fault.


Let $X,Y$ be independent random variables. Suppose $E|X+Y|$ is finite. Does it follow $E|X|<\infty$?   I believe the answer is no and tried to come up with a counter-example. Below is my attempt where I couldn't complete. If it follows that $E|X|$ is finite, please ignore my attempt.  Attempt (Constants are ignored for readability.) Let $X$ be defined on $\mathbb{N}$ with distribution $P(X=k) = 1/k^2$. Note $EX = \sum_k k/k^2=\infty$. Let $Y$ be identical to $X$. Distribution of $X+Y$ is given by; \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} P(X+Y = z) &= \sum_{k=1}^{z-1} P(X=z-k)P(Y=k)\\ &=\sum_{k=1}^{z-1} \frac{1}{(z-k)^2k^2} \end{aligned} \end{equation} Hence expected is given by; \begin{equation} E(X+Y) = \sum_{z=2}^{\infty}\sum_{k=1}^{z-1} \frac{z}{(z-k)^2k^2} \end{equation} I couldn't argue that the sum is finite. Is above sum convergent?

Suppose $X,Y$ are independent random variables and that $X+Y \in L^1$. How can I show that $X,Y \in L^1$.  The theorem obviously fails if independence is left off, but I don't see how to use it. Intuitively, if $X$ failed to be in $L^1$, then it is big somewhere, and the independence of $Y$ should says that $Y$ can't selectively cancel out $X$ where $X$ is big.


Today while I am driving my car this question came to my mind but I cannot figure it out. Sorry I am not in physics related major that this question is not expressed professionally. When you drive a real car you gets less acceleration while at higher speed. But let's say there an engine that get thrust by pushing small particles to a very high speed (near light speed). This engine should get a constant magnitude of force. (Think it as a person throwing a ball, no matter if the person is stationary of riding a car, the person should receive the same magnitude of force). Since the particles' mass is so small so the engine itself should get a constant acceleration no matter what the speed of the engine is. Say the engine is stationary and use 1 second to accelerate to 10m/s. Then it should use another second to go to 20m/s. But in the second second the engine get's three times more kinetic energy than the first second. This doesn't seem to make sense to me. How can any engine's power rate depend on it's speed? I don't think such photon engine or plasma engine exist right now. But if they come to live one day will it provide a constant thrust?

From this  by orlp:     If I strap a rocket booster to a rocket in space and fire it for one second, then the work provided is much higher when the rocket is flying fast compared to when the rocket was stationary. In both cases the rocket fires for the same duration but in the former case the rocket travels a much greater distance during this period. What gives?


I'm creating a video game which requires an inner sphere ("the core") and an outer sphere. The core is a solid icosphere, but the outer core must be made of individual triangular prisms that fit tightly to the core and each other. During the course of gameplay, the pieces of the outer core are removed one by one until the core is revealed. After making my core, I tried to make a single triangular prism piece and to use it to construct my outer sphere, but I can't get the pieces to fit together right (see below).  I came to realize that the triangles are not all the same, so I've gone back to blender and extruded and then push/pulled all of my vertices to start an outer layer.  My question is: how can I easily connect all of these dots, create faces for each individual triangular prism (such that the normals are facing outward for each individual prism), and break them apart into individual objects so that I can save an outer sphere and import it into my game? And how can I do this with as little headache as possible?

For example, I have a hollow cubic sphere like this:  A problem is to split it by all its faces like this:  The way I have done this one is an application the P > Selection to an outer face and an appropriate inner one. Then I just have connected appropriate edges to get that little piece. But this way is not really practical since I have to iterate over each face of the sphere manually. Is there a way to get the result automatically?


Something I often find myself doing is drag and dropping text one website into another app (e.g. Notes). Using the trackpad, the process works as I expect it to. However, when I use my external mouse (regular mouse, a Logitech G403), I have to do this:  Select the text I want to drag Click and hold the left mouse button for about a second over the selected area Start dragging  Skipping step 2 will simply cause the OS to ignore my old selection and start a new one. How can I disable this behavior so I can immediately start dragging a selected text area? Tested in Safari and Edge browsers, Catalina 10.15.6

Is there any way to disable the delay for text dragging in OS X?  There is a small delay between selecting and dragging text, if you start dragging the text right after you selected it - it will instead re-select the text which can be annoying. Some apps don't have this delay (for example Sublime Text 2/3 where you can drag the text immediately after selecting it) but in most apps you would have to click the left mouse button and hold it for a bit before you can drag the selected text.


Although I understand this question has been asked on SO many times before, I have tried playing around with this ages but still no success.     So if the element has a certain class (which it will do when is visible on the page), then it listens for a click event - if the click target does not have the id of 'pop-up-bottom-notif' then remove the class of that element.  Any ideas what I could be missing?  Update: Here's a section of the HTML

     View all

   and I have also tried using the .not() method, :not selector amongst other ways - and so the solution must be slightly different from other questions

I have some HTML menus, which I show completely when a user clicks on the head of these menus. I would like to hide these elements when the user clicks outside the menus' area.  Is something like this possible with jQuery?  $("#menuscontainer").clickOutsideThisElement(function() {     // Hide the menus });


The principal value of $\arctan x$ is between $-\frac\pi 2$ and $\frac\pi 2$. But then why isn't the principal value of $\operatorname*{arccot} x$ the same as that of $\arctan x$? I know that this is only a convention. But in every other cases of principal values of inverse trigonometric functions, I can find a pattern  The modulus of the elements of the range of inverse trigonometric functions are always kept as low as possible.  If there are two different ways to determine the set principal values, then the one consisting of the positive portion will be preferred.   This holds true for every inverse trigonometric function except $\operatorname*{arccot}x$. So, then why does $\operatorname*{arccot} x$ not comply?

Why don't we choose range of $\operatorname{arccot}(x)$ to be $\left(\frac{-\pi}{2},\frac{\pi}{2}\right]-\{0\}$ instead of $(0,\pi)$ so that it becomes little easier to work with arctan and arccot if they have similar range.


How can I tell Latex that I want my paragraph with n less lines? I saw a question some days ago, but after twenty minutes of heavy searching (I think), I found nothing.  There is a “penalty” or something like that which asks Latex to try to put the text in less lines. Something like \reducelines=-1 asks Latex (TeX) to reduce the number of lines by one.  I know this is a duplicate, but I can't find the “original” question.

Sometimes, you don't care about the "beauty" of TeX line-breaking algorithm, but just want that one or two extra lines in a document. When faced with such a situation, I start adding ~ at appropriate places, and hope that TeX finds a line-breaking that uses less number of lines. And if often does!  Are there values of the TeX line-breaking parameters that bias the result towards fewer lines in a (justified) paragraph. Note that I already use hanging punctuation.


I asked this on stackoverflow but they pointed me here. So this is a copy/paste from that question...   I can normally visit my website via url. It all works fine.  But when I find it on google the link takes me to this url:   This humbertech.com must be some kind of provider of some services that google uses i guess...  I also added my website to my Google Webmaster account, where it says there are no errors found on it which I was expecting.  I may have to contact google but they only have robots, not real people you can talk to.. :(  The site is written in php (apache).


The random variables $X$, $Y$, $Z$ are independent and uniformly distributed in $[0,1]$. What is the probability of real roots of $Xt^2+Yt+Z=0$?  So the equation has a real root when $Y^2\geq 4XZ$. Given that the variables are independent, the joint density is $f(x,y,z) = 1$ in the unit cube $[0,1]^3$, and $0$ otherwise. My guess is that I need to integrate the volume between the surface $y^2=4xz$ and $y=0$ inside the unit cube. My calculus is rusty so I need help on how to proceed.

The following is a homework question for which I am asking guidance.     Let $A$, $B$, $C$ be independent random variables uniformly distributed between $(0,1)$. What is the probability that the polynomial $Ax^2 + Bx + C$ has real roots?   That means I need $P(B^2 -4AC \geq 0$). I've tried calling $X=B^2 -4AC$ and finding $1-F_X(0)$, where $F$ is the cumulative distribution function.  I have two problems with this approach. First, I'm having trouble determining the product of two uniform random variables. We haven't been taught anything like this in class, and couldn't find anything like it on Sheldon Ross' Introduction to Probability Models.  Second, this strategy just seems wrong, because it involves so many steps and subjects we haven't seen in class. Even if I calculate the product of $A$ and $C$, I'll still have to square $B$, multiply $AC$ by four and then subtract those results. It's too much for a homework question. I'm hoping there might be an easier way.


My command is totally different when you compare with that command  I am trying to run below command in linux   Command: tar zcvf ABCD.tar.gz -T Files.txt   and i am getting an error message as   Error: tar: Removing leading `/' from member names   I tried below command but still i am getting same error message ()  tar -C / -zcvf ABCD.tar.gz -T Files.txt

root@server # tar fcz bkup.tar.gz /home/foo/ tar: Removing leading `/' from member names   How can I solve this problem and keep the / on file names ?


I don't like anti-virus much because it slows down my pc so I wonder if Is there any tip to prevent virus's infection without installing anti-virus ?

I know this question is looking like an easy question or not a question at all but it's not really easy question. I'm not related to security and anti-viruses and just don't trust every provided anti-virus.  So first question is a real question - Is it OK (safe) to not use anti-virus at all. I know how to use firewall, usually I use only trusted connections and surfing trusted sites. My chances to get virus is really low. Even I've got a bit outdated PC and don't want to pay the performance for it. I can do monthly scans without having one installed - is it OK to be safe ?  If not can you recommend a good free antivirus solution?


Is $f(x) = \sqrt{x}$ is continuous at $0$?    I see that people say that $\sqrt{x}$ is continuous at the interval $[0,\infty)$. Their proof is based on that: (continuous from the right): $$\lim_{x \to 0^+}f(x) = f(0) = 0$$ At least from what I have seen:   But there is no left limit, namely $\lim_{x \to 0^-}$ doesnt exists.   And from what I know the statement is that: $f$ is continuous at $x_0$ if and only if, it continuous from the left and from the right.   But here, there is no limit from the left.   So how $\sqrt{x}$ is continuous at $0$ so we say it continuous at $[0,\infty)?$

If a function has a limit from the right but not from the left, is it still continuous?


I'm writing a web-api and I plan on storing "sessions" of data in there. I want to call a method every hour to make sure that inactive sessions are ended.  The Database contains 3 timestamp fields. Session_Start, Session_End and Last_Activity. Everytime data in the session is updated, the Last_activity field updates.   I wrote a method to end inactive sessions, but how do I call that method every hour in the background, without interfering with the functionality of the webapi (how do I run the code in the background and still allow people to use the webapi)?

Today we have built a console application for running the scheduled tasks for our ASP.NET website. But I think this approach is a bit error prone and difficult to maintain. How do you execute your scheduled task (in an windows/IIS/ASP.NET environment)  Update:   Examples of tasks:   Sending email from an email-queue in the database Removing outdated objects from the database Retrieving stats from Google AdWords and fill a table in the database.


I'm trying to login to MS SQL SERVER with the "." instead of server name, it gives an error. is there a way around that ?  i compared between my instance and an instance on a friend's laptop, his server name was only something like DESKTOP-GML4MNL but mine is like   DESKTOP-GML4MNL\M2014  i should be able to login using only [local] or "."

I need to convert a named instance of SQL server 2005, to a default instance.  Is there a way to do this without a reinstall?    The problem is, 2 out of 6 of the developers, installed with a named instance. So its becoming a pain changing connection strings for the other 4 of us. I am looking for the path of least resistance to getting these 2 back on to our teams standard setup.    Each has expressed that this is going to be, too much trouble and that it will take away from their development time. I assumed that it would take some time to resolve, in the best interest of all involved, I tried combing through configuration apps installed and didn't see anything, so I figured someone with more knowledge of the inner workings would be here.


I have a Dell Inspiron One 2320 Machine whose owners manual officially states it can support a maximum of 8GB RAM. That information is also confirmed at the official Dell forum  My Computer Details OS I am running Windows 10 Pro Version 1607 x64 bit. Processor Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2400S CPU @ 2.50GHz Code Name Sandy Bridge  Motherboard Dell Model 0XW3KG BIOS Dell A10 09/17/2012  Memory 2 x 4GB Kingston 800.0 MHz (DDR3-1600 / PC3-12800)   Graphics Card Intel HD Graphics 2000 Sandy Bridge GT1 and NVIDIA GeForce GT 525M GF108M Discrepancy Running this command in the terminal I get 32GB support C:\Windows\system32>wmic memphysical get maxcapacity MaxCapacity 33554432 => 32 GB   Therefore I'm suspicious. I've scoured the internet and other super user questions and what I have gathered is that maximum ram capacity practically possible not only is dependent on the manufacturer's specification or output of the command but on various other factors like motherboard, processor etc therefore I have provided all the details above. I cannot come to any conclusion based on my research. I have not ordered any RAM hitherto but would love to upgrade if I can/possible because it is a definite need for me as I'm struggling with 8GB ( Hint -> I produce video content ) Please help. Thank you in advance for your time.

I'm having a hard time figuring out whether or not a certain laptop/computer's RAM can be upgraded or not.  Is there a rule of thumb that determines how much max RAM one could add to a system without looking it up via external websites?   A little bit of a background information: I work in computer sales at a computer electronics store, so it is virtually impossible for me to install any sort of software that would detect computer specs, and I get a lot of customers who wonder what laptop/desktop RAM upgrades usually are.  It's frustratingly annoying to have to constantly search the web for information.  Is there a certain rule that adding more RAM entails? Does it make a difference if it's a 32-bit or 64-bit machine? Are other factors, such as the OS, hardware, and other things matter?


I have seen a similiar post to this a while back (), and thought I would try asking it again to see if there has been any improvement or new knowledge on this.  Is it possible to export one PDF with multiple layers like the picture shows?    The above shows a Raster image (WMS) and 4 different Vector layers, is it possible to get all these into one PDF as different layers? As shown below, where you can click/unclick each layer?

Is there any plugin for QGIS which would help me in exporting the map document as a geospatial PDF (similar to Terrago's GeoPDF)?


I have a file called "text.txt" and when copying and pasting into the finder a copy is created "copy of text.txt" is there any way to change this? that is, when copying and pasting is like this: "text_1.txt" or something similar?

When duplicating files in the finder, OS X attaches a space followed by 'copy' to the file name. This can lead to some file alphabetizing problems and the copies may appear out of order (not directly subsequent to the original). Is there a way to change the appended text? I would prefer that it says '_1' or _copy. Thanks.


import java.util.Scanner; import java.util.Random;    public class cominback{     public static void main(String args[]){       Scanner key = new Scanner(System.in);       System.out.println(" please enter a password:");       String x = key.nextLine();       System.out.println("Connfirm your password:");       String y = key.nextLine();       if ( x == null)           System.out.println("please restart the program:");       if (x != y)           System.out.println("wrong password");       if (x == y )           System.out.println("you are logged in");      } }   It always print out wrong password for even when the input is same passwords. how can i fix this problem? did i do something wrong or is it my eclipse glitching?

I've been using the == operator in my program to compare all my strings so far. However, I ran into a bug, changed one of them into .equals() instead, and it fixed the bug.  Is == bad? When should it and should it not be used? What's the difference?


Say I'm writing about Schrödinger's cat. I would like to be able to put use soul's \hl{} function to make the cat yellow.  This should work, but it doesn't:  % Minimum working example of UTF-8 ö problem \documentclass[12pt,twoside]{report} \usepackage{soul} \usepackage{color} \usepackage[utf8x]{inputenc} \begin{document}  First try: Schr\"odinger's cat.  Second try: Schrödinger's cat.  Third try: \hl{Schr\"odinger's cat.}  Fourth try: \hl{Schrödinger's cat.}  \end{document}   I get this error:  This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.19 (TeX Live 2018) (preloaded format=pdflatex)  restricted \write18 enabled. entering extended mode (./mwe1.tex LaTeX2e <2018-04-01> patch level 2 Babel <3.18> and hyphenation patterns for 84 language(s) loaded. (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/report.cls Document Class: report 2014/09/29 v1.4h Standard LaTeX document class (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/size12.clo)) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/soul/soul.sty) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics/color.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics-cfg/color.cfg) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/graphics-def/pdftex.def)) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/base/inputenc.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ucs/utf8x.def)) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ucs/ucs.sty (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ucs/data/uni-global.def))  (./mwe1.aux) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/context/base/mkii/supp-pdf.mkii [Loading MPS to PDF converter (version 2006.09.02).] ) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ucs/ucsencs.def) (/usr/local/texlive/2018/texmf-dist/tex/latex/ucs/data/uni-0.def) ! Argument of � has an extra }. <inserted text>                 \par l.14 Fourth try: \hl{Schrödinger's cat.}  ?   Clearly, I could use \"o everywhere instead of ö, but that seems like a real pain.

I'd like to use the \hl command from the soul package in a French text. However, it does not work whenever the part to highlight contains French accents (e.g.: \hl{é}).   I could use \'e instead of é (\hl{\'e}) but it would be quite long to substitute all the accents just in case I will have to highlight them later (and there are several accents in French : é, è, ù, à, ...).  Do you know whether it's possible to make \hl works with accents without substituing all the accents?  Here is an example file:   \documentclass[15pt , a4paper]{article}  \usepackage[french]{babel} \usepackage[utf8] {inputenc} \usepackage{soul} \usepackage{color}  \definecolor{y}{RGB}{245, 255, 189} \sethlcolor{y}  \begin{document}   \hl{\'e} % works   %\hl{é} % doesn't work \end{document}


Onward trip: PIT -> PHX -> SLC (AA) Return trip: SLC -> JFK/NYC -> PIT. (Delta) Can I just skip my NYC to PIT flight as I plan to be in NYC for the holidays? I don't care about being refunded for that component of the journey. No checked-in luggage.  How would TSA/Airlines react?  Also I am staying in the USA on a student visa (unaware how that impacts this case, but my ID proof for TSA is always my passport).

Say I want to book a flight from Fort Lauderdale to Chicago.  Say the airline also flies to St. Louis from Fort Launderdale but has a connecting flight through Chicago.  If I book that flights from FLL->ORD->STL and just get off in Chicago, what possible problems can I run into, assuming I didn't check any bags and only have carry on?  This scenario exist for Southwest, but I wanted this be more of a general question that would apply to all airlines.


Recently, we made a variety of cocktails from Ottolenghi and Scully's NOPI book. Now, we are left with two sugar syrups. According to the book, they can be stored a few weeks in the fridge. Skip ahead a month or two, and we're now left with two bottles of syrup that I'm not sure whether they are still safe to consume. As far as I'm concerned, the sugar acts as a preservative (like in jams) and it should be no problem; however, I'm a bit reluctant to ignore the advice of a distinguished chef - but perhaps he was just referring a change in flavor.  The syrups in question are 50/50 water and sugar (in weight), infused with cloves or saffron, each boiled for about 10 minutes. There is also a recipe with fresh ginger that is not cooked but blitzed, which may be more of a problem than the others.  How long can a syrup be preserved? What, if any, are the signs of a spoiled syrup?

I'm curious about plain simple syrup and simple syrup with other ingredients. For instance, cardamon simply syrup. Do other ingredients make a difference?


I just downgraded from 13.04, which seems to have some stability problems right now, and moved back to 12.04.LTS.  I installed the GCC 4.8 compiler, which is not the default GCC compiler on 12.04. I need this compiler to get all the C++ 11 features it supports and were there by default with the compiler that comes with 13.04, using the ‘-std=c++11' switch.  So now I have 4.8 compiler installed, but I can't figure out how to make applications understand that the new compiler should be used for gcc/g++ instead of the default GCC compiler that comes with 12.04 (4.4.x?). How do I do this?  I saw somewhere that update-alternatives would do it. But I don't know to how use it to set the new GCC compiler to be the system default.

I have gcc 7.3.0 on Ubuntu 18.04. But I am working on a project where I need gcc less than version 6. When I tried to install gcc 5.4 using sudo apt install gcc-5.4, I got this error:  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done E: Unable to locate package gcc-5.4 E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'gcc-5.4' E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'gcc-5.4'     What is the appropriate way to install gcc 5.4?


Imagine there is a train in front of me and I'm on a train following behind pushing with a force of 100 Newtons for one minute. I can't imagine getting twice as tired if the train is moving a 40km/h instead of 20km/h. The only solution I can see is that some of the work the train is doing must be getting included as well. This creates an obvious question - exactly what work is the work that is included here?  Notes:  This question is similar to this , but is different because in my question I am actually doing steady work by continuing to push on the front train.

I read the definition of  as  $$W ~=~ \vec{F} \cdot \vec{d}$$  $$\text{ Work  =  (Force) $\cdot$ (Distance)}.$$ If a book is there on the table, no work is done as no distance is covered. If I hold up a book in my hand and my arm is stretched, if no work is being done, where is my energy going?


Prove that $\binom{n}{r}$ is always an integer for all $n$ and for  $0 ≤ r ≤ n$.

From its definition a combination $\binom{n}{k}$, is the number of distinct subsets of size $k$ from a set of $n$ elements.  This is clearly an integer, however I was curious as to why the expression  $$\frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}$$ always evaluates to an integer.  So far I figured:  $n!$, is clearly divisible by $k!$, and $(n-k)!$, individually, but I could not seem to make the jump to proof that that $n!$ is divisible by their product.


How can I tell Ubuntu to automatic turn the primary screen of when I connect a secondary screen?  Case: I have my primary monitor connected through a Display port, and sometimes I connect a tv through a HDMI port. When I do this the desktop expands with a blank desktop on the TV.  Instead I want the primary monitor to automatic turn off, and stay turned off, as long as the HDMI is connected to the TV. So that the full desktop is visible on the TV instead. And the primary monitor to turn back on, when the TV is disconnected.  Is that possible?

Windows user over here, jumping on the Ubuntu train. Currently using 14.04. I have a TV that I use for viewing movies and such, connected through HDMI. I'd like to accomplish the following behaviour but I haven't figured out yet   On HDMI connect, do not display anything on my laptop, just display on the TV (automatically) On HDMI disconnect, display back my laptop   Only tinkering through settings I can achieve that but it's extremely manual. Am I missing something?  Thanks a lot!


I have been making a 5 question "Quiz" on Python. It is pretty simple in code design since I do not have much experience. I want to hide the previous questions so that the code is easier on the eyes and user friendly. I work on IDLE by the way. i="Incorrect, You lost points for this question." i2="Incorrect, Try Again." g="Good Job!" x=100 #percentage q1=input("What is 2+3? ") while q1 != "5":     x-=20     print (i,"Your current score:",x,"%")     q1=input("What is 2+3? ")     while q1 != "5" and (x<100):         print (i2)         q1=input("What is 2+3? ") else:     print(g)     print("Your current score:",x,"%")  Q2=input("What are the first 3 digits of Pi? ")...  This goes on 4 more times. I want all text that I displayed for q1 to disappear when the input value for Q2 appears.

Like most Python developers, I typically keep a console window open with the Python interpreter running to test commands, dir() stuff, help() stuff, etc.  Like any console, after a while the visible backlog of past commands and prints gets to be cluttered, and sometimes confusing when re-running the same command several times.  I'm wondering if, and how, to clear the Python interpreter console.  I've heard about doing a system call and either calling cls on Windows or clear on Linux, but I was hoping there was something I could command the interpreter itself to do.  Note: I'm running on Windows, so Ctrl+L doesn't work.


I know this has been covered over the years but no harm in an update perhaps there are more expedient techniques. I have approx 1 terabyte of Canon CR2 images in 40 sub-folders, some with matching jpeg and some just jpeg. I want to delete all jpegs that have a matching corresponding raw .cr2 file. I would like to mac automator or a script run through terminal. I tried some of the tips from an older article but the scripts has syntax errors.  I get an error Expected end of line, etc. but found “"”. apologies but the syntax error persists #!/bin/bash read -p "*.CR2" suffix  find . -type f -iname "*.${suffix}" | \ while read line do   lowercase=$(echo "$line" | sed "s/${suffix}/jpg/gi")   uppercase=$(echo "$line" | sed "s/${suffix}/JPG/gi")    if [ -f "${lowercase}" ]   then     rm -v "${lowercase}"   elif [ -f "${uppercase}" ]   then     rm -v "${uppercase}"   else     echo "${line}: no jpg present"   fi done

My early (Canon G2) photos are all JPG, but when I got my Nikon D90 I initially shot in JPG, then switched to RAW+JPG, and now I would like to switch to RAW only.  I have literally thousands of photos on my HDD.  The photos are in sub-directories (by date) under a single directory called Import.  I am about to import all these photos into Lightroom 3.0, however, I would like to delete all the JPG files, but only where there is already a corresponding RAW file (ie. I no longer want to keep JPG and RAW versions of the same file).  If I can do this easily within Lightroom (after importing everything, including the duplicate JPG files) that would be great.  It would also be OK if there were an easy way to do this before importing the files (but hopefully this wouldn't involve having to visit every directory looking for filenames with both JPG and NEF extensions).  Does anybody know of a way to do this (in Lightroom, or with some tool/script in Windows)?


I have a Centos 7 server with nginx and PHP7 and have a Problem with SELINUX if the SESTATUS is Enforcing I cannot upload images but if the Status is permissive it works. I host Magento on that Server so to add product images I need to upload the images through the Admin Panel. So what is the reason that the Enforcing mode is blocking the Uploading. Note I can select the images and 'upload it' but the images is broken and if I check the product image folder nothing is there. After uploading I should see it also in the backend but there is only a broken tmp image. So should I create a policy for the exceptions with audit2allow? Or is there any other Solutions available?

SELinux is preventing the apache user from writing to a log file which it owns. When I do setenforce 0 it works. Otherwise it shows this error  IOError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/var/www/webapp/k/site/k.log'   The security context of the file:  $ ll -Z k.log  -rw-r--r--. apache apache system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 k.log   The file was created when the SELinux mode was set to permissive.  How to set the security context so the apache user can write in that directory? I did set that directory security context using chcon but I can't find a suitable file type.  From audit.log:  type=AVC msg=audit(1409945481.163:1561): avc:  denied  { append } for  pid=16862 comm="httpd" name="k.log" dev="dm-1" ino=201614333 scontext=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 tcontext=system_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 tclass=file type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1409945481.163:1561): arch=c000003e syscall=2 success=no exit=-13 a0=7fa8080847a0 a1=441 a2=1b6 a3=3 items=0 ppid=15256 pid=16862 auid=4294967295 uid=48 gid=48 euid=48 suid=48 fsuid=48 egid=48 sgid=48 fsgid=48 tty=(none) ses=4294967295 comm="httpd" exe="/usr/sbin/httpd" subj=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 key=(null)


I don't how to do background which extend and will be centered  now I have something like this:  body {     background: url(tlo.jpg) no-repeat;     background-attachment: fixed;     background-position: center; }   It is centered and it have constant size....  I want that it will be just proportionally expanded......  I need to keep the proportions  thanks!  OK i have solution! :)  body {     background-image: url(tlo.jpg);     background-repeat: no-repeat;     background-size: 100% auto;     background-position: center center; }

Is there a way to get a background in CSS to stretch or scale to fill its container?


I just moved and I was forced by the wife to place my computer in a certain spot :(. Anyways, I do not have a long enough ethernet cable to my desktop.  However, I did go on amazon and buy what I thought was a decent dual band USB WiFi adapter: Realtek 8811CU Guess what ... needs a driver installed.  According to some google searches, I want to do this: sudo apt install build-essential -y mkdir -p ~/build cd ~/build sudo apt install git git clone https://github.com/brektrou/rtl8821CU.git cd rtl8821CU make sudo make install  I need some help.  How can I accomplish this by downloading the files on windows and transferring them to Ubuntu?  Maybe it is a better idea to hook up a cell phone as a tethered hot spot and then get that driver? Thanks Mike

I have a friend who has got a computer that is not connected to the Internet. Is there any way to install software offline easily?


Are there any good online resources to learn the game. By learn, I mean learn attain the knowledge that one would by buying/reading a good book.   For example, are there any "puzzles" that are well explained that either explain different bidding systems or strategies for playing with the dummy etc.

I know that Pogo.com (which powers Yahoo Games) has a long running online bridge game and that there are a handful of places for serious tournament/MasterPoint level bridge players online (though most seem based on software written a decade or more ago) but are there any places to play, practice and learn bridge in a more casual manner? Ideally via a well designed modern piece of software?


i am new to Linux,i have recently installed Ubuntu 14.04 alongside windows 8.Problem is when i boot into Ubuntu,my hard drives are not opening...it shows an error messege. *I have already done a disk check from windows everything is fine.The error shown is-  Error mounting /dev/sda2 at /media/rajnish/EC8A6A388A69FF86: Command-line `mount -t "ntfs" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,dmask=0077,fmask=0177" "/dev/sda2" "/media/rajnish/EC8A6A388A69FF86"' exited with non-zero exit status 14: Windows is hibernated, refused to mount. Failed to mount '/dev/sda2': Operation not permitted The NTFS partition is in an unsafe state. Please resume and shutdown Windows fully (no hibernation or fast restarting), or mount the volume read-only with the 'ro' mount option.  And this is what i get on executing the command sudo fdisk -l yeah i know that..i always shutdown windows before logging into ubuntu. How to mount them in ubuntu? and this is what i get after executing the command sudo fdisk -l  Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders, total 976773168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x3efa4f7b     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *        2048      718847      358400    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda2          718848   204802047   102041600    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda3       512002048   976771071   232384512    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4       204804094   512002047   153598977    5  Extended Partition 4 does not start on physical sector boundary. /dev/sda5       204804096   302458879    48827392   83  Linux /dev/sda6       302460928   496001023    96770048   83  Linux /dev/sda7       496003072   512002047     7999488   82  Linux swap / Solaris  Partition table entries are not in disk order   Please help,thanks in advance

Whenever I boot Ubuntu, I get a message that it cannot mount my windows partition, and I can choose to either wait, skip or manually mount.  When I try to enter my Windows partition through Nautilus I get a message saying that this partition is hibernated and that I need to enter the file system and properly close it, something I have done with no problem so I don't know why this happens.    Here's my partition table, if any more data is needed please let me know.     Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1            2048    20000767     9999360   83  Linux /dev/sda2        20002814   478001151   228999169    5  Extended /dev/sda3   *   478001152   622532607    72265728    7  HPFS/NTFS/exFAT /dev/sda4       622532608   625141759     1304576   82  Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda5        20002816   478001151   228999168   83  Linux


I have been playing around with Fibonacci-type of sequence that involve complex numbers.  I have stumbled upon the following sequence, which seemed interesting to me: $$0,1,2i,-3,-4i,5,6i,...$$ so $F_n = 2iF_{n-1} + F_{n-2}$.  These look like a sequence of natural numbers (except for $0$) where every other is multiplied by $i$ and the signs change after two sequences.    I understand the algebra behind the above sequence, but I have been wondering whether there is an intuition behind why the sequence looks like a "modified" sequence of natural numbers.

Yesterday there was a question here based on solving a recurrence relation and then when I tried to google for methods of solving recurrence relations, I found , which gave different ways of solving simple recurrence relations.    My question is how do you justify writing the recurrence relation in its characteristic equation form and then solving for its roots to get the required answer.  For example, Fibonacci relation has a characteristic equation $s^2-s-1=0$.  How can we write it as that polynomial?


I am new to requirejs and don't understand variable scope.   So previously, for example, I had:  var Foo = "some value";  function firstFunction () {      //do something with Foo here     console.log(Foo);       }    function secondFunction () {      //do something else with Foo here     console.log(Foo);       }   But within a module  define(function() {     return {        //how do I declare Foo within the module so it is available to firstFunction and secondFunction?        firstFunction: function() {           //do something with Foo here           console.log(Foo);           },        secondFunction: secondFunction () {          //do something else with Foo here          console.log(Foo);          }      }      });   Is there a way of declaring the variable Foo within the module and to make it available to  firstFunction() and secondFunction()?

What is the scope of variables in javascript? Do they have the same scope inside as opposed to outside a function? Or does it even matter? Also, where are the variables stored if they are defined globally?


The question I am trying to answer is this: Given a complete metric space $(X,d)$, in which all of the points are accumulation points. Find if there is a one-to-one and onto map $f: X \rightarrow \mathbb{Q}$. My initial thoughts are: Given that $(X,d)$ is complete, we know that all Cauchy sequences in $X$ have a limit also in $X$. We can easily prove that $\mathbb{Q}$ is not complete, since we can easily find a sequence in $\mathbb{Q}$ which has a limit in $\mathbb{R}\setminus\mathbb{Q}$. So my thought is that there is no such map $f$. But how do I formally prove it?

I've seen a few questions already posted on here, but they all deal with perfect subsets and being Hausdorff, both of which are topics we haven't covered yet.  I know that a point a is isolated if $\{a\}$ is open (aka there exists $\epsilon > 0$ s.t. $B_{\epsilon}(a) = \{a\}$.  I am supposed to consider singletons and then use Baire Category Theorem.  Could someone help me with where to start?


I'm trying to build boost (1.65) on linux with C++11 support to link with my other project (also compiled with C++11 support).  However, I get this kind of error (which seems to happen because my boost is not compiled with c++11):  undefined reference to `boost::filesystem::detail::current_path(boost::system::error_code*)' data_parser.cc:(.text+0xf15): undefined reference to `boost::filesystem::absolute(boost::filesystem::path const&, boost::filesystem::path const&)' data_parser.cc:(.text+0x142e): undefined reference to `boost::filesystem::detail::status(boost::filesystem::path const&, boost::system::error_code*)' data_parser.cc:(.text+0x1790): undefined reference to `boost::filesystem::detail::status(boost::filesystem::path const&, boost::system::error_code*)'   Here is my command line:  ./b2 --prefix=boost-install --with-filesystem --with-system --with-program_options --with-thread link=static variant=release cxxflags='-std=c++11' install   But I noticed during compilation if I compile without any --with- (so with all libraries), I can see this line:  - C++11 mutex              : yes   and some other lines related to c++11, however as soon as I add a --with- (e.g. --with-thread), all lines relative to c++11 disappear.  I also tried to add #define BOOST_NO_CXX11_SCOPED_ENUMS around #include <boost/filesystem.hpp> but it doesn't change anything.  I have no clue what is going on here, if someone can help me.  Thank you.  Update: Here is the command of the linking command:  /usr/bin/c++   -std=c++11 -O3 -DNDEBUG   CMakeFiles/MyProject.dir/MyProject.cc.o  -o MyProject  -L/home/whiteshadow/code/MyProject-build/deps/boost-install/lib  -L/home/whiteshadow/code/MyProject-build/deps/zlib-install/lib  -L/home/whiteshadow/code/MyProject-build/deps/nifticlib-install/lib -Wl,-rpath,/home/whiteshadow/code/MyProject-build/deps/boost-install/lib:/home/whiteshadow/code/MyProject-build/deps/zlib-install/lib:/home/whiteshadow/code/MyProject-build/deps/nifticlib-install/lib: -rdynamic ../deps/zlib-install/lib/libz.a ../deps/nifticlib-install/lib/libznz.a ../deps/nifticlib-install/lib/libnifticdf.a ../deps/nifticlib-install/lib/libniftiio.a -lboost_filesystem -lboost_system -lboost_thread -lboost_program_options DataStructure/libDataStructure.a FileHandler/libFileHandler.a Parser/libParser.a Tools/libTools.a -lpthread FileHandler/libFileHandler.a FileHandler/libFileHandler.a Tools/libTools.a DataStructure/libDataStructure.a    I don't think it comes from a mis-linking issue, because if I remove -lboost_filesystem I have much more linking errors. Here I only have 7, related to only 3 functions (boost::filesystem::detail::status, boost::filesystem::detail::current_path and boost::filesystem::absolute).  Also, in libboost_filesystem.a, I'm able to find symbols for these 3 functions:  (boost::filesystem::detail::status)  00000000000026d0 T _ZN5boost10filesystem6detail6statusERKNS0_4pathEPNS_6system10error_codeE   (boost::filesystem::detail::current_path)  0000000000000c90 T _ZN5boost10filesystem6detail12current_pathEPNS_6system10error_codeE   (boost::filesystem::absolute)  0000000000001100 T _ZN5boost10filesystem8absoluteERKNS0_4pathES3_

Why does the order in which libraries are linked sometimes cause errors in GCC?


Is there a Python method to create directories recursively? I have this path:  /home/dail/   I would like to create  /home/dail/first/second/third   Can I do it recursively or I have to create one directory after the other?  The same thing for:  chmod and chown can I do it recursively without assign permissions for each file/dir?

What is the most elegant way to check if the directory a file is going to be written to exists, and if not, create the directory using Python? Here is what I tried:  import os  file_path = "/my/directory/filename.txt" directory = os.path.dirname(file_path)  try:     os.stat(directory) except:     os.mkdir(directory)         f = file(filename)   Somehow, I missed os.path.exists (thanks kanja, Blair, and Douglas). This is what I have now:  def ensure_dir(file_path):     directory = os.path.dirname(file_path)     if not os.path.exists(directory):         os.makedirs(directory)   Is there a flag for "open", that makes this happen automatically?


I heard they like students from their own university, and there is little chance that students from other colleges can be part of their research. Is that true?

When applying to a PhD program in the US, how does the admissions process work? If an applicant is weak in a particular area, is it possible to offset that by being strong in a different area?  Note that this question originated from this . Please feel free to edit the question to improve it.


Regex r = new Regex(Regex.Escape("(st)")); //or Regex r=new Regex(@"\(st\)"); int c = r.Matches("test string").Count;   The result should be c=2, but c is 0.  also gives 2 matches.   Regex("st") will give 2 matches with no doubt. But what is needed here is to match a word in a list and after the failure, to be simple the above test code has only one entry.

I am tired of always trying to guess, if I should escape special characters like '()[]{}|' etc. when using many implementations of regexps.  It is different with, for example, Python, sed, grep, awk, Perl, rename, Apache, find and so on. Is there any rule set which tells when I should, and when I should not, escape special characters? Does it depend on the regexp type, like PCRE, POSIX or extended regexps?


How to auto execute a php action page on every day at given time, i.e i want to execute a php script at 10:00 am everyday (In windows).?  I want to take the given time from the database and the n i want to execute the php script at the specified time taken from the DB

How can I create a scheduled task to run a PHP file? Yes, I filled out everything in the scheduled task, but it still doesn't work.  Run: "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs\WEB\4w_website\save.php" Start in: "C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\htdocs\WEB\4w_website"  It just opens the PHP file in Notepad. I gave the correct user name and pwd. Please help me..


Does a Ukrainian citizen need a transit visa for Paris while traveling from Ukraine to the Dominican Republic and changing planes at CDG?

I found many related questions on this site but I am still not sure about the rules. How can I decide if I need a visa to transit? Schengen members as of May 2021 are as follows:  Austria Belgium Czech Republic Denmark (excluding Greenland and the Faroe Islands - but an open border with the Schengen Area is maintained) Estonia Finland France (excluding overseas departments and collectivities) Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Italy Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Netherlands (excluding Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Caribbean Netherlands) Norway (excluding Svalbard) Poland Portugal Slovakia Slovenia Spain (except Ceuta and Melilla) Sweden Switzerland


Speaking about technical and non-technical people (management), which word is the best in this case? Profile or Background?  The whole sentence is "To provide training for people with [different profiles] | [a different background]"

Possible Duplicate:             Should the singular or plural of position should be used in the following sentences?        Why Political Parties Change Their Positions: Environmental...   Do the stars change their position through the course of the night?   Why do stars appear to change their positions through the year?   Why do shadows change their position during the day?      The sentences are from the first page of the .


I will be upgrading my O.S. from Ubuntu 13.04 to Ubuntu 13.10. As its recommended to take back-up before doing that, I'm interested to know which file systems are affected by upgrading so that I need to take back up of those only.  When I installed my O.S. I had created these 4 partitions:  / /boot /home swap   Then later I had created 3 more partitions sda9, sda10 and sda11 by utilizing the unallocated space. I have taken some back-ups on these 3 newly created partitions. Now, may I presume that these 3 partitions won't be affected at all by the up gradation?  I have a related post of mine  but couldn't get resolved there.

I have Ubuntu13.04 on my laptop. I have to upgrade it to the next release or else I would install a fresh release after deleting my current system.  I have already installed and configured my current system a lot and I can't take the burden of doing it all over again if I install the next release. Now I would like to know that what all back-ups are required to be taken beforehand so that I would recover all my files/installations/configurations etc. In other words I should have everything on my new system (simply by restoring from back-ups) that I possess currently.  My current system has /, /boot, /home & swap partitions which were created by me when I had freshly installed the O.S.


Say I have a shell script at ~/script.sh: TEST="$1 $2"  echo $TEST  And I run it with bash ~/script.sh "he " "he", The output of the command will be he he, but I expected it to be he  he because the first argument, which is quote, has a space as the last character of the quote.

Or, an introductory guide to robust filename handling and other string passing in shell scripts.  I wrote a shell script which works well most of the time. But it chokes on some inputs (e.g. on some file names).  I encountered a problem such as the following:   I have a file name containing a space hello world, and it was treated as two separate files hello and world. I have an input line with two consecutive spaces and they shrank to one in the input. Leading and trailing whitespace disappears from input lines. Sometimes, when the input contains one of the characters \[*?, they are replaced by some text which is is actually the name of files. There is an apostrophe ' (or a double quote ") in the input and things got weird after that point. There is a backslash in the input (or: I am using Cygwin and some of my file names have Windows-style \ separators).   What is going on and how do I fix it?


I was  stalking searching some user profiles under new proposals on Area 51. I found some accounts do not have a network profile page. If we click on Network profile in the profile page in Area 51, we are taken to  with a sign post of a Panda.   If it helps, it is frequently seen in new user accounts aged 1 or 2. Does it happen if the user only has an account on Area 51 and not anywhere on the network or some other reason?  Initially I thought  are only ones with this problem but even some  also take to Page Not Found (Thanks to Rob).  Why is Network profile "Page Not Found"?

When clicking from  on network profile, the result is Page not found. Presumably the user has an account only on Area51.  I reported a similar issue . That issue got , but that one was about the case where a users' only account was on a private beta site, and the broken link I'm presently reporting is when a users' only account is on Area51.


How do I need to alter a recipe if I am using a convection oven as if a recipe calls to use a regular oven? Do I need to alter the recipe or there would only be the differences of baking time/temperature.

I was looking to buy a Convection Oven and wanted to know if there are any general differences in baking methods between the two.


High speed design noob here.  Resistance increases as wire gets longer, but I found in saturn pcb calculator the impedance depends only on track geometry and distance from plane.   Say for DDR3 single ended signals with controlled impedance, does a point to point long track (say 150mm) vs. a short track (say 10mm) have any effect on the signal quality?

Hmm, this seems to be just another question on line impedances.  I understand that when we say "transmission line" effects we talk about things like cross talk, reflections and ringing (I guess that is just about it). These effects are not present at low frequencies where the PCB trace behaves like an "ideal" transmission medium, more like we expect a wire to behave in our early school days.  I also understand that the 50 ohm value comes not from the line resistance which is going to be very small and less than 1 ohm. This value comes from the ratio of L and C on the line. Changing C by changing the trace height above ground plane or changing L by changing the trace width shall change the impedance of the line.  We all know that the reactance of L and C is dependant on the signal frequency as well. Now my questions:   Why should we not call this as line reactance only rather than line impedance? How can it be just 50 ohm? It has to be signal frequency dependent right?  E.g 50 ohm at 1 MHz  Will the world end if I chose to do a 100 ohm or 25 ohm trace instead?  I know that while we like to say 50 ohm as a magic number, it will be within some range around 50 ohm and not 50.0000 ohm exactly.  Is there any time when the actual resistance of a PCB trace may matter?


Please take time to read this, I appreciate any advice from any Ph.D. student or mentor, an advice from a neuroscience or health science field person is more useful to me.  I am an international student from India, pursuing my master's degree in Pharmacology at a US university (a private university not classified as a research university).   Hopefully, I will graduate in May 2018. I have a serious and never-ending interest in doing research in the neuroscience field. I planned to do Ph.D. in neuroscience and took care of all requirements.  My undergrad was in Pharmaceutical Sciences from India, I made an evaluation of my undergrad transcripts and converted into US GPA score by WES, and it is 3.23/4.0.   My maser's GPA as of now (3 semesters) is 3.64/4.0.   GRE: 151 Verbal, 153 Quant, 3.0 Analytical writing TOEFL: Reading - 27, Listening -29, speaking -20, writing -28 (Total - 104)  I don't have any published research papers yet.  I wrote a cohesive Statement of purpose explaining my research experience in my master's program and also my future research interests and mentioned the names of potential advisors that I searched in the respective university faculty websites.  Sent all documents before deadlines.   I applied to a total of 10 Universities, they are:    Univ of Alabama Birmingham - rejected Univ of Texas Austin - awaiting decision Rockefeller University -awaiting decision Univ of Illinois Urbana Champaign - rejected Univ of Iowa - Awaiting decision    Univ of Kansas - selected for an interview, but got rejected few days after the interview    Univ of Michigan - Awaiting decision Icahn School of medicine - rejected Univ of North Carolina - Awaiting decision Yale University - rejected    So, I got rejected from 5 universities, out of which one university interviewed me but rejected later. Now, I am waiting for the decision from 5 more. I feel that my confidence levels are dropping already.   I am not worried about falling, I have failed many times at many things, and I am sure that I will apply next year or in two years to the same program.  But one thing I noticed was, many of the Universities that rejected me replied: "because of so many extraordinary applications, we could not give admission to an excellent application like your's".  I don't know whether this reply from them is generalized one or specific to me. But I don't know how to be the extraordinary applicant. One bad thing in my application that I am aware of is my GRE. If there are any experienced Ph.D. students here, please suggest me what to do.   Thank you

When applying to a PhD program in the US, how does the admissions process work? If an applicant is weak in a particular area, is it possible to offset that by being strong in a different area?  Note that this question originated from this . Please feel free to edit the question to improve it.


Show through induction that the product of n consecutive even integers is divisible by 2^n * n! Ex. 10 * 12 * 14 * 16 * 18 * 20 * 22 is divisible by 2^7 * 7! No pi (product) notation can be used in the proof

How can we prove, without using the properties of binomial coefficients, the product of $n$ consecutive integers is divisible by $n$ factorial?


There has to be a beginning, or there is nothing, if there is no origin of regression, there would be no nothing there now. and now I will tackle “why can’t the universe be uncaused?” Because we wouldn’t be here now, it would stay in that state for ever, am I wrong? Please answer.

For a number of reasons — including perhaps a desire to feel that we have a complete understanding of where we came from, or at least an understanding which is completely sufficient for all of our purposes — there is a strong tendency to suppose that an infinite regress of causes and effects is impossible. We see this for instance in the . Traditionally in Greco-Roman influenced philosophy, this prime mover has been identified with the notion of a creator god. A more modern formulation comes from the Big Bang theory, which (although we study the question) happened for no reason that we know of; and perhaps occurred for no reason at all. Indeed, if time is a property of the universe, a good argument can be made that .  At the same time, we have gotten a lot of leverage in science from the ideas that everything happens for a reason, i.e. because it is caused by something else. This is sometimes described as the . Aristotle also applies this idea, except that the first mover is made an exception, something which exists literally for no reason. Indeed, the emotionally negative way that "no reason" is used in common speech, as something groundless and irrational, indicates how widespread the feeling is that the idea of uncaused events is deeply dissatisfying.  Almost all of our modes of critical thinking are infused with both of these ideas: that we may work from first principles, a definite starting point, counting up from zero (or one, historically); but also that we may trace the causes of things to some point, and then later ask how that starting point came to be. But the two ideas are themselves in conflict.  Which is true — that infinite causal chains are impossible? Or that they are necessary? Or are they perhaps possible without being necessary?   Related questions:


I have extracted a polygon shapefile using raster to vector tool from TIFF image, and it has produced polygons from the Raster, but it has also generated the gaps between the polygons as attached in below image. What is best way to remove those gaps between polygons?

I have a set of polygons representing administrative districts.  The districts were digitized by hand, and there are small spaces (slivers) between polygons where the polygons should be touching. How can I have the polygons snap together, removing the spaces?


I have a Ubuntu Server VPS and I want to use /bin/bash/ as my shell. How can I change my shell? I have root access but I don't work as root. So dash is my default shell now.  I have read  and chsh seams to be the preferred way to go. But when I type chsh /bin/bash I get this message: chsh: unknown user /bin/bash  And if I just type /bin/bash the Bash shell seams to work fine. How to change it?

I have a .bash_profile in my home directory, but it isn't getting run on login. If I do the following, then things seem to be as I expect:  ssh myhost bash source ~/.bash_profile   But normally that all happens on login. Thoughts?


I was working and traveling in California. I was caught by police for speeding.   On my ticket was the date of a court appearance. The date on ticket stated December, but I had to leave the USA in October (visa expired). All above happened 11 years ago. Can I came back to California without any problems at the border now? I'm from Poland.

What happens when a foreigner gets a speeding ticket / traffic fine in the United States? I've heard that the issuing officer will demand payment on site or will confiscate the drivers license.  That sounds a little too extreme to be true but on the other hand I'm not sure how they would enforce punishment for these infractions on people who can just leave the country.


I'm sure someone will be able to answer this conclusively fairly quickly, but as per the thread title, is there a way to set exposure compensation when using M mode but with the ISO set to automatic? In other words, lock the shutter and aperture but have the camera decide the ISO based on something other than a +/- 0 bias?  The reason I ask is that I'm shooting some friends' wedding soon, and during the low light sections in the church I would like to be able to keep my aperture and shutter constant (because the camera has a nasty tendency to lower these in preference to boosting the ISO resulting in soft shots), and spot meter off skin tones with a +1 exposure compensation affecting only the ISO.  Hopefully someone either tell me how to have the camera do this for me or else provide some tips for quickly and accurately doing this by hand.

When I use the auto ISO setting in manual mode I can not find a way to dial in the exposure compensation on my Canon 550D. Is this possible at all?  I encountered this in a situation where I wanted to fix my aperture and shutter speed for a time-lapse movie, but as the environmental lightning changed randomly (so bulb-ramping was not possible), I wanted to set my ISO to auto. However, this made the shots look too bright, hence I looked for a way to dial in an exposure compensation value.


I would like to travel from Montreal, Canada to Japan, but a plane ticket is expensive so I want to minimize travel costs.   I like to explore and visit new places so alternative routes through unconventional means, multi-modal transport or through other countries are definitively fine. If possible I would like to avoid crossing the ocean by boat as it is likely to be prohibitively long, but otherwise boats are fine.  Is there a way to travel from Canada to Japan that's cheaper than the most direct flight routes?  My guess is: hitchhike from Montreal to the west coast and take a plane to Japan from there?  Note: I don't think it's a duplicate as I don't want to restrict answers to air travel only, all forms of transport should be considered if they can reduce the overall cost. Travelling to a neighboring country and taking a bus/ferry/train/etc. is a perfect example.

I came to know about , it's a website that allow search for flights by country. I mean you just enter from like "Germany" and to like "Belgium" and you get best offers from all airports between the two countries. That is great. And I was able to arrange a good-price trip to Brussels.   Now I want to arrange another trip to Turkey, but Whichbudget is not helping much this time. And I can't find any other websites that allow "search by country".   Update: Not duplicate to  as his question is broad to the extent of a state. But my question is broad to the extent of a whole country + less price + "Any Time". If anyone checks , he'll understand what I'm saying. Especially that whichbudget allows "Any Time" option, not just +/-3 days.  Does anyone know more similar websites?


Hoe can i check if the letters T, K homemorphic or not? Same about the letters E, W? I guess that it can be shown by using connectedness and connected components but I have no idea how it can be applied. Can you help me in that?

How can I check if the pairs of letters T and K , E and W are homeomorphic or not?


I have this code for a tikz figure:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{pgf} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{subcaption} \usetikzlibrary{arrows,automata} \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc} \definecolor{mycolor}{RGB}{0, 85, 128} \definecolor{colorforline}{RGB}{0, 26, 0} \begin{document}     \begin{figure}         \centering     \begin{tikzpicture}[auto,node distance=2.8cm,thick]     \tikzstyle{every state}=[fill=mycolor,draw=none,text=white]     \tikzstyle{myarrows}=[line width=1mm,draw=mycolor,-triangle 45,postaction={draw, line width=3mm, shorten >=4mm, -}]     \node[state] (A)  {$A$};     \node[state]         (B) [below left of=A] {$B$};     \node[state]         (C) [below right of=B] {$C$};     \node[state]         (D) [below right of=A] {$D$};     \node[state]         (E) [above right of=D,xshift=-1cm,yshift=0.6cm] {$E$};     \node[state]         (F) [right of=C,yshift=0.3cm,xshift=1cm] {$F$};      \path      (A) edge[above,color=mycolor]     node {3} (B)     (B) edge[above,color=mycolor]     node {5} (C)     (C) edge[above,color=mycolor]     node {2} (D)     (D) edge[color=mycolor]     node {1} (E)         edge[above,color=mycolor]     node {4} (A);     \draw [myarrows] (5,-2) -- (6,-2) node [right]{$$};     \end{tikzpicture}     \end{figure} \end{document}   Which results in the following output:   I want something that looks like the following figure:   Please note that in the last picture with sub-figures I am just reusing the code for the same tikz picture that I added above. So please use that.

I'm trying to align four figures vertically and horizontally. But I couldn't get it right in spite of repeated tweaks.  Can someone help me out?   Here is a MWE -- there are no errors, but the figures don't come out scaled properly.  \documentclass[12pt]{llncs}  \usepackage{fullpage} \usepackage{graphicx}  \pdfoutput=1 \usepackage{epsf} \usepackage{epsfig} \usepackage{epstopdf} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{latexsym} \usepackage[all]{xy} %\pagestyle{empty} \pagestyle{plain} %\usepackage{algorithmic} %\usepackage{algorithm} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{nameref} %\usepackage{MnSymbol} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{caption} \usepackage{subfig}  \begin{document}  \begin{figure} \captionsetup[subfigure]{width=2in} \begin{minipage}[t][4em][s]{.5\textwidth} \subfloat[First]{ %\begin{subfigure}[b]{\textwidth} \begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={circle, draw, scale=1.0, fill=gray!50}, scale=1.0, rotate = 180, xscale = -1]  \node (1) at (0, 0) {$a$}; \node (2) at (3.0, 0) {$s$}; \node (3) at (4.5, 0) {$s'$}; \node (4) at (7.5, 0) {$t'$}; \node (5) at (9.0, 0) {$t$}; \node (6) at (12.0, 0) {$b$};   \draw[->] (1) -- (2); \draw[->] (2) -- (3); \draw[->] (3) -- (4); \draw[->] (4) -- (5); %\draw (8) -- (7); \draw[->] (5) -- (6);  \end{tikzpicture} %\label{fig:sto} } %%\qquad % %\bigskip % \subfloat[Second]{ \label{fig:st} %\begin{subfgure}[b]{\textwidth} \begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={circle, draw, scale=1.0, fill=gray!50}, scale=1.0, rotate = 180, xscale = -1]  \node (1) at (0, 0) {$a$}; \node (2) at (3.0, 0) {$s$}; \node (3) at (4.5, 0) {$s'$}; \node (4) at (7.5, 0) {$t'$}; \node (5) at (9.0, 0) {$t$}; \node (6) at (12.0, 0) {$b$};   \draw[->] (1) -- (2); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (2) to[out=-100,in=-150] (1); %\draw (3) -- (2); \draw[->] (3) -- (4); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (4) to[out=-100,in=-150] (3); %\draw (5) -- (4); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (2) to[out=-250,in=-350] (4); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (3) to[out=100,in=150] (1);     %\draw (8) -- (7); \draw[->] (5) -- (6); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (6) to[out=-100,in=-150] (5);   \end{tikzpicture} } \end{minipage} \begin{minipage}[t][4em][s]{0.5\textwidth} \subfloat[Third]{ %\begin{subfigure}[b]{\textwidth} %\centering \begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={circle, draw, scale=1.0, fill=gray!50}, scale=1.0, rotate = 180, xscale = -1]  \node (1) at (0, 0) {$a$}; \node (2) at (3.0, 0) {$t$}; \node (3) at (4.5, 0) {$t'$}; \node (4) at (7.5, 0) {$s'$}; \node (5) at (9.0, 0) {$s$}; \node (6) at (12.0, 0) {$b$};   \draw[->] (1) -- (2); \draw[->] (2) -- (3); \draw[->] (3) -- (4); \draw[->] (4) -- (5); %\draw (8) -- (7); \draw[->] (5) -- (6);   \end{tikzpicture} } %%\qquad % \subfloat[Fourth]{ \label{fig:ts} %\begin{subfigure} \begin{tikzpicture}[every node/.style={circle, draw, scale=1.0, fill=gray!50}, scale=1.0, rotate = 180, xscale = -1]  \node (1) at (0, 0) {$a$}; \node (2) at (3.0, 0) {$t$}; \node (3) at (4.5, 0) {$t'$}; \node (4) at (7.5, 0) {$s'$}; \node (5) at (9.0, 0) {$s$}; \node (6) at (12.0, 0) {$b$};   \draw[->] (1) -- (2); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (4) to[out=-100,in=-150] (1); %\draw (3) -- (2); \draw[->] (3) -- (4); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (5) to[out=100,in=150] (1); %\draw (5) -- (4); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (2) to[out=100,in=150] (5); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (4) to[out=-100,in=-160] (2);   %\draw (8) -- (7); \draw[->] (5) -- (6); \draw[thick, dashed, ->] (6) to[out=100,in=150] (3);  \end{tikzpicture} } \end{minipage} \end{figure} \end{document}


I'm looking for a proof that ensures that for every natural number $n > 1$ there is always a prime $p$ such that $\sqrt{n} \leq p \leq n$ holds.  I know you can deduce my previous claim as a corollary of some famous results like "Bertrand's postulate", but I was wondering if it does exist any easy self-contained proof.

Prove that for all $n>2$ there exists at least one prime $p$ such that $\sqrt{n}<p<n$ using elementary methods.  My try: If not, $\sum_{p<\sqrt{n}} (\lfloor n/p \rfloor-\lfloor \sqrt{n}/p \rfloor) \geq n-\sqrt{n}$  then...?


I'm attempting to make a countdown timer starting from 60 seconds. My only problem is that when I run the function, the program prints the code like so:  60  59  58  ... etc  How would I go about replacing the 60 from that first line and put the 59 in it's place without printing 60 lines?  Here's my code:  from __future__ import division import sys, time   def countdown():     seconds = 60     while seconds >= 0:         print seconds         sys.stdout.flush()         time.sleep(1)         seconds -= 1

I am new to python and am writing some scripts to automate downloading files from FTP servers, etc. I want to show the progress of the download, but I want it to stay in the same position, such as:  output:     Downloading File FooFile.txt [47%]   I'm trying to avoid something like this:       Downloading File FooFile.txt [47%]      Downloading File FooFile.txt [48%]      Downloading File FooFile.txt [49%]   How should I go about doing this?    Duplicate:


Since there is no unallocated memory available at present, I need to first create some unallocated memory from of one the partitions (/dev/nvme0n1p3, /dev/nvme0m1p4, /dev/nvme0n1p5, /dev/nvme0n1p8). Then, I need to make that memory available either at the beginning or end of the root partition (/dev/nvme0n1p7). After that, I have to extend / resize the root partition (as it is almost full).  Now, how to perform all of the operations without losing any of the data or formatting whole system?

How can I increase the size of the root partition of a system at runtime?   I have a partition that is not allocated after the root partition (which is also ext4), how can I add that unallocated space to the space allocated to the root partition without having to shutdown the server?


It seems to me that C++-style struct can do more things than a C-style struct (for example, you can have member functions and access specifiers). What's the design reason for this, considering we already have class in c++?  A real design example would be appreciated.

This question was .  Now I'd like to learn the differences between a struct and a class in C++. Please discuss the technical differences as well as reasons for choosing one or the other in OO design.  I'll start with an obvious difference:   If you don't specify public: or private:, members of a struct are public by default; members of a class are private by default.   I'm sure there are other differences to be found in the obscure corners of the C++ specification.


For a prime $p$, if $x^p \equiv y^p \pmod p $  Then prove that; $x^p \equiv y^p(\bmod p^2) $  Firstly I am confused where to approach to prove this question ,though i know several propositions and theorems related to congruences   Like by applying  fermat's theorem we can easily derive  $x\equiv y \pmod p $ But what to do after that ?  Secondly i approached with the proposition that ,iff $x \equiv y (\bmod n_i)$ And for $i=1,2$ Then  $x \equiv y (\bmod [n_1,n_2]) $  But i am unable to prove the question with these two approaches   Please tell whether either of my approaches will help to prove the question if not then please give a proper proof with steps for the same   This is an olympiad book question(not a homework problem)

I am looking for a hint on this problem:     Suppose $a,b\in\mathbb{N}$ such that $\gcd\{ab,p\}=1$ for a prime $p$. Show that if $a^p\equiv b^p \pmod p$, then we have: $$a^p \equiv b^p \pmod {p^2}.$$   I have noted that $a,b$ are necessarily coprime to $p$ already, and Fermat's little theorem ($x^p\equiv x \pmod p$), but I do not see how I should apply it in this case if at all.  Any hints are appreciated!


I have this JS object:    { validator: myValidator }   myValidator is a java JAVASCRIPT function NAME that will be declared somewhere else. I am planning to use it like:  <TableHeaderColumn dataField='status' editable={ { validator: myValidator } }>Job Status</TableHeaderColumn>   where TableHeaderColumn  is a react component. So, the question is: What is the JSON string that after using JSON.parse or a similar command I will obtain the { validator: myValidator } object where  myValidator  is "the name of a function", not a string. This is not clear for me inclusive at the referenced solution.

Given a string of JSON data, how can I safely turn that string into a JavaScript object?  Obviously I can do this unsafely with something like:  var obj = eval("(" + json + ')');   but that leaves me vulnerable to the JSON string containing other code, which it seems very dangerous to simply eval.


I can insert one row in a table using this code:  INSERT INTO SCHEME.TABLE     (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1', 'val2');   I need to insert several rows in a table.  To insert several rows, i've tried:  INSERT INTO SCHEME.TABLE     (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1', 'val2'), VALUES ('val1', 'val2');     INSERT INTO SCHEME.TABLE     (col1, col2) VALUES ('val1', 'val2'),('val1', 'val2');   and some other variations. Niether of them worked :(


As we all know, the URL has some importance in SEO. Should I try to rewrite (or redirect) the index page to a specific-name? For example: index.php to white-cats-are-cute.php (This is regardless of the domain name or the directory name, it is very specific to the index file)  Edited:  The case is a bit specific. The domain itself has no keyword, but an abstract name. Let us imagine something like example.com which says nothing about the type of product or services.  It is a One Page website, so it has no other pages that could hint about the product, like example.com/hamburger.html, so the only page it has is index.html.   So, yes it is to have a keyword on the URL, (of course besides a good title and description)

My site is fairly new, e.g. example.com. I need to optimize the home page(example.com) for a keyword, e.g. healthy-food.   Does redirecting home page to example.com/healthy-food, would help in terms of SEO, since URL contains keyword the page is targeting for.  The issue with adding extra redirection is that it adds additional latency of 300ms while accessing the homepage, which I would like to avoid.  I do not want to put same content on example.com and example.com/healthy-food, since it will flag duplicate content.   Please advise.


This is the exercise mentioned above:     Let $a,b$ be regular sequence over a domain $R$. Prove that $ax-b$ is a prime of $R[x]$.   Thank you for your answer!

Let $A$ be an integral domain, $a$ and $b \in A-\{0\}$, and let $B = A[X]/(aX+b)$. Show that, if $Aa \cap Ab=Aab$, then $B$ is an integral domain.   My attempt at proof (following a hint). Denote by $K$ the field of fractions of $A$. Let $\phi: A[X] \to K$, with $\phi(X)=-b/a$ and $\phi(y)=y, y \in A$.  Then $\phi(aX+b)=-b+b=0$. If $p(X) \in A[X]$ and $p(X) \not \in (aX+b)$, then $p(X)=q(X)(aX+b)+r$, $r \in A$. Therefore, $\phi(p(X))=\phi(r)=r$, so $p(X) \in \ker(\phi) \iff r=0 \iff p(X) \in (aX+b)$.   Hence $\ker(\phi)=(aX+b)$; by the first isomorphism theorem, $A[X]/(aX+b)$ must be isomorphic to Im$(\phi)$. In conclusion $B$ is isomorphic to a subfield of $K$, so it's an integral domain.  The problem is, I don't know where I used the condition $Aa \cap Ab=Aab$. Am I doing something wrong?


This is a near duplicate of  &  but the focus is slightly different. As commented, it is probably duplicate of H?  I am somehow more or less a Linux expert (and a research engineer and software developer, e.g. occasional contributor to GCC, and I designed and made  but later abandoned it), and capable of installing both Debian and Ubuntu on PC laptops (with that Linux OS being the only one on the computer) even when slightly ill or a bit drunk.  However, I never used Windows in my life (and probably never will, since I am retiring in 2024 at most). My first Unix experience was around 1987 on SunOS3. Since then, I always used Unix-like systems (and Linux since 1993).  I do have some education about OSes in general (since I have a PhD in CS, and got courses on OS). E.g. I know well what is in  and I even have read a few papers on Windows architecture. However, I never used Windows (and I really don't want to). I know quite well most Linux  and probably could teach a Linux programming course on them.  I have soon a meeting for the  project (an H2020 research project I am involved in). I want to offer helping partners (which only know Windows, and never tasted Linux) to install Ubuntu 18.04 on their laptop. I am assuming they have 200Gb of free disk space in some empty partition. I also assume that their particular Windows is at least Windows 7 (and perhaps Windows 8, 9, or 10).  Here is my question.  When installing Ubuntu 18.04 on a laptop having Windows and a free partition of 200Gbytes, how difficult it is to keep Windows and obtain a dual boot system?  My feeling is that recent Ubuntu is practically designed for such a situation, but I am not sure.  Any instruction for a Linux "expert" but a complete Windows newbie are welcome. Found .  In other words, I feel that I am able to tell partners: once you have a 200Gb empty disk partition, installing Ubuntu 18.04 is a piece of cake, and you won't lose your Windows system.

I'm absolutely new to Linux. I would like to know how to install Ubuntu alongside the pre-installed Windows 8+ OS.  Should I do it with Wubi, or through the Live USB/DVD?  What steps do I need to take to correctly install Ubuntu?


In python, I want to have my program prompt me to 'Enter number:' and then I will do so. For example, I will enter '5' and in return I want it to find every combination of numbers between 1 and 5, including 1 and 5, that adds up to 5 without repeating any sequences or numbers. So the output of this should be the pairs 1,4 and 2,3. On top of that, I also want it to tell me how many outputs I have, so in this case 2. And I want to make sure that if I input a number higher, say 10, it will yield every combination even if it is larger than a pair, so it would yield 1,2,3,4 as one of the outputs and 1,9 as another, etc.

I needed an algorithm to generate all possible partitions of a positive number, and I came up with one (posted as an answer), but it's exponential time.  The algorithm should return all the possible ways a number can be expressed as the sum of positive numbers less than or equal to itself. So for example for the number 5, the result would be:   5 4+1 3+2 3+1+1 2+2+1 2+1+1+1 1+1+1+1+1   So my question is: is there a more efficient algorithm for this?  EDIT: Question was titled "Sum decomposition of a number", since I didn't really know what this was called.  that they were called "partitions," so I edited the question title accordingly.


Specifically, I am wondering why Spotify doesn't have an option to skip explicit songs. It it too difficult to implement? Are they afraid they'll lose money if they do?  A site that covers computer applications would do. Otherwise the topic could depend on the answer - if Spotify cannot add the feature because of a programming issue, then it would fit a computer science site. If Spotify does not add the feature because of their business model, then it would fit a business site.

Let's say a company did something, and I want to know why, where do I ask it? For example, I was going to ask this on Super User but I realized it was out of place:     Windows 10 was said to be free, but now they've taken into account that that's not true; as past July 29 2016 it will no longer be   that way.      So why did Microsoft do this? How would it help filling their wallets?   What was there goal in giving us a free year?       I mean, was their goal to get their OS popular and more famous with   the statistics as "The Most Used OS"? Or did they just be kind or   something?


For what I know, the Action should be Lorentz-invariant in accordance to the axioms of SR. For example for a free particle the Action would be the integral of the proper time, which of course is invariant. Now my doubt is the following: does that mean that the Lagrangian should be Lorentz-invariant as well? In some texts I've read it is often stated that the Lagrangian should be a Lorentz scalar, but how does this assures the Action to be Lorentz-invariant too? For example, once one gets the Lorentz-invariant Lagrangian for the EM field $\mathcal{L}=-\frac{1}{4}F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu}$, why should its action:$$\int -\frac{1}{4}F^{\mu\nu}F_{\mu\nu} d^4x$$ be Lorentz invariant too? Aren't we integrating a scalar over a specific set of  coordinates which are not Lorentz-invariant?

This is regards to the lorentz invariance of a classical scalar field theory. We assume that the action which is $S= \int d^4 x \mathcal{L}$, is invariant under a Lorentz transformation. How do you prove that the integration measure $d^4 x$ is Lorentz invariant.


I want to travel to Spain however the requirements state that my UK residence permit be valid for 3 months after intended date of departure from the Schengen area. I'll only have 1 month left when I return. The Greek rules just states I need to have a valid Uk residence permit. Could I apply through the Greek consulate but then use the visa to travel to Spain or do I at least need to touch down in Greece?

I am a non-EU national, permanent UK Resident. Recently, my work issued me with a multiple Schengen visa with Norway as the first (main) point of entry. Now I want to go on holidays to Greece - do I need to apply to Schengen visa again, as Greece is not Norway and I am not going there for work?


Text:  This comprehensive solution would constitute an integrated whole where nothing is agreed until everything is agreed.   What does this where mean here? Does it mean "in which" or "while"? Looks like here where as a relative pronoun is used to refer to something which is not a place or situation. It is referring to the comprehensive solution.

This is a paragraph generally describing the characteristics of an ISTJ person:  As an ISTJ, your primary mode of living is focused internally, where you take things in via your five senses in a literal, concrete fashion. Your secondary mode is external, where you deal with things rationally and logically. Source:   I've checked the meaning of the word 'where' in many dictionaries but I couldn't find the correct meaning of that word in this context. For me, I guess 'where' in the paragraph means 'which means', or I can rewrite these sentences like: As an ISTJ, your primary mode of living is focused internally, which means you take things in via your five senses in a literal, concrete fashion. Your secondary mode is external, which means you deal with things rationally and logically. Is my guess correct? Could you explain more and give some examples like this?


I need to get first and last day of a month based on the given yearmonth value. I am able to get the first day, how do we get the last day of the month here ( in python) :  from datetime import date def first_day_of_month(year,month):     return date(year, month, 1)  print "Today: %s" % date.today() print ("First day of this month: %s" % first_day_of_month(2015,10))   This gives the output: Today: 2015-10-26 First day of this month: 2015-10-01  How to fetch the last day of the month? P.s : I do not want to give 31 as the third parameter for date() function. I want to calculate number of days in the month and then pass on that to the function.

Is there a way using Python's standard library to easily determine (i.e. one function call) the last day of a given month?  If the standard library doesn't support that, does the dateutil package support this?


My requirement is actually to click on the option in the dropdown one by one and then click search i.e. I will first select the first option then search , then again go back to the second option and click search. This is to be continued till the last option

I want to iterate through a dropdown, select the first value, then click search, then again select the second value and again perform search.In this code i have tried selecting only one option,but I want to perform search on all the options one by one


Everything went well during installation, I created a 50GB partition for Linux, chose the "Install alongside windows 10" Option, because "something else" did not work for me before. However, after rebooting, it boots directly into Windows 10. I've tried going to the BIOS to change the BOOT order but Ubuntu doesn't even show up there, I tried opening the boot menu (pressing f12 key on my laptop during reboot) and the only option there is windows boot manager, which also boots to win 10.  I tried boot-repair and it said it repaired succesfully but the problem still remains. Here's the report:   My computer runs on UEFI and I've already disabled secure boot. I also tried Legacy boot but no luck there either.  Please help, I can't figure out how to get the Grub menu, so I can actually choose which system I want to boot.

I installed Ubuntu 14.04 onto my Acer Aspire E15. The PC has a 500 Gigabyte HDD.   During the installation it divided the HDD into separate partitions. However every time I turn on the PC it goes directly into Windows 8.1. It doesn't allow you the opportunity to select which OS you want to use.   Question 1: How do I set the PC so it will allow me to select the OS?  Question 2: And if #1 isn't possible. How to I remove Ubuntu from the PC and recover the partition for Windows


I am reading a marvelous book Classical Field Theory by E Soper, but it is mathematically too compact and sometimes I am unable to follow the equations. Can anyone suggest a side book for solution of my problem regarding reading the book? I also have Classical Theory of Fields by Landau but its content and way of expression is not relevant with my book. The question which you people are saying is a possible duplicate of was asked by myself and in that question I tried to find a good book on Classical Field Theory.But here I need help to read a particular book on the same subject. So in this way I am trying to justify my attempt as to make it a new question.

I am reading now E. Soper, Classical Theory Of Fields, now and sometimes it is very hard to follow the equations. So I need a side book on  to read it comfortably. Landau & Lifshitz's book is not helping as its content and topics are very much different.


Will an unhindered (un-scattered) photon go to the edge of the universe?

As I understand it, there are several models for what the universe could look like from the “outside”. I don’t know if any of these are outdated, so if they are please tell me if they are.   Expanding bubble. This model says the universe will never stop expanding, and the universe will die because the energy all turns to photons and gets spread out so much. Bubble that will eventually collapse. In this model the universe will stop expanding, and collapse. Everything merges into super-massive black holes, and the universe dies with fire. The universe is a torus. I'm not clear whether the size of the universe in this model is changing, but the central idea is that space is donut-shaped.   Those are the major ones that I have heard of. My question involves what I have heard to be the most popular of the three, #2. In this model, eventually something will "touch" the edge of the universe. Obviously, the first thing to "touch" it would be photons as they travel at, well, the speed of light. This involves all forms of energy in the universe, but I thought it might be easier to explain for something without mass.  What happens if some form of energy "touches" the edge of the universe? Logically, the energy cannot be lost without violating the law of conservation of energy. The only thing I can think of, is that it would "bounce" or be refracted off the edge.  I realize that it sounds silly, however if model #2 is correct then this situation will arise some number of billions of years from now.  I can only assume that there is either a new model that accounts for this, there is some complex explanation, or that model #2 is incorrect.


If you use "that" to introduce a full quote from a person is there still a comma and is the first letter of the sentence capitalized?  For example, which one of the following is correct?  Bob once said that "a big fish is a good fish."  OR  Bob once said that, "A big fish is a good fish."

I've been taught that in "Reported Speech", the subordinator "that" is a signature of "indirect speech". For example: He said, "I will be late." (Direct Speech) He said that he would be late. (Indirect Speech) But, it is wrong to say or write that: He said that, "I will be late." (Wrong!) However, I occasionally see counterexamples such as this Wikipedia Article:  In 2000, Robert Scheer created the website New Age Journal, which states that "We are not affiliated with any magazines printed on paper." ()  Is this a correct usage of the conjunction "that" in Direct Speech? Does it depend on the reporting verb and with some verbs, such as "to state", we can use the conjunction "that"?


My passport is in the hands of an embassy right now, because of a visa application. I paid more to expedite the process but, just in case the passport doesn't make it back to my hands in time, I would like to know if I can go from France to Spain (short stay) without the passport with me. I have seen  and I've read the answer but it seems to conflict with the following quote :  Going to another EU country during my short-term visit – less than 90 days If you have entered an EU country with a Schengen visa, you can travel throughout the Schengen area for as long as your visa is valid, and for a maximum of 90 days during an 180 day period. You will not need a separate visa for each Schengen area country and you will not need to show your passport at each internal border.  I have a photocopy of my passport biometrics page, if that helps.

I am an Indian student in France on a 6 month visa for an Internship. Currently I don't have my passport with me as I have applied for UK visa and am not hoping to receive it back in next 10 days. I was wondering if I can travel to Germany without my passport in hand.   The documents I can carry are a photocopy of my passport's identity page, Residence proof here, proof of Internship in France,Indian national identity card, receipt from UK embassy stating my visa application.   Please note that I do NOT have a photocopy of French visa page.