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<h1 class="relative group"><a id="introduzione" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#introduzione"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a>
	<span>Introduzione
	</span></h1>

<p>Benvenuto/a al corso di Hugging Face! In questo capitolo introduttivo, ti aiuteremo a configurare il tuo ambiente di lavoro. Se non hai ancora cominciato il corso, ti consigliamo di dare prima un occhio al <a href="/course/chapter1">Capitolo 1</a>, per poi tornare qui a creare il tuo ambiente e cominciare a lavorare al codice.</p>
<p>Tutte le librerie che useremo in questo corso sono disponibili come pacchetti Python. Qui ti mostreremo dapprima come configurare un ambiente Python e in seguito come installare le librerie di cui avrai bisogno.</p>
<p>Copriremo due modi per configurare un ambiente di lavoro: usando un blocco note Colab, oppure un ambiente virtuale in Python. Sentiti libero/a di scegliere quello che ti sembra più adatto a te. Se sei un/a principiante, ti consigliamo vivamente di cominciare a lavorare con un blocco note Colab.</p>
<p>Nota che non copriremo Windows. Se utilizzi Windows come sistema operativo, il nostro consiglio è di seguire il corso utilizzando un blocco note Colab. Se invece utilizzi Linux oppure macOS, puoi scegliere uno qualsiasi degli approcci descritti qui in seguito.</p>
<p>Buona parte del corso richiede un profilo di Hugging Face. Ti consigliamo dunque di crearne uno al più presto: <a href="https://huggingface.co/join" rel="nofollow">Crea un profilo</a>.</p>
<h2 class="relative group"><a id="come-usare-un-blocco-note-colab-di-google" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#come-usare-un-blocco-note-colab-di-google"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a>
	<span>Come usare un blocco note Colab di Google
	</span></h2>

<p>Il modo più semplice di configurare il tuo ambiente di lavoro è utilizzando Google Colab: una volta avviato un blocco note nel browser, puoi iniziare immediatamente a programmare! </p>
<p>Se non conosci bene Colab, ti raccomandiamo di iniziare dalla seguente <a href="https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/intro.ipynb" rel="nofollow">introduzione</a>. Colab permette di utilizzare accelerazioni hardware come GPU o TPU, ed è gratuito per i carichi di lavoro più piccoli.</p>
<p>Quando ti sentirai a tuo agio con Colab, crea un nuovo blocco note e inizia la configurazione:</p>
<div class="flex justify-center"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter0/new_colab.png" alt="An empty colab notebook" width="80%"></div>
<p>Il passo successivo consiste nell’installare le librerie che utilizzerai in questo corso. Per l’installazione, useremo <code>pip</code>, ossia il gestore di pacchetti di Python. In Google Colab, puoi inizializzare i tuoi comandi di sistema facendone precedere il nome dal carattere <code>!</code>. La libreria 🤗 Transformers verrà quindi installata come segue:</p>

	<div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5   text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg>
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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->!pip <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> transformers<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>Puoi assicurarti che il pacchetto sia stato installato correttamente importandolo in Python:</p>

	<div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5   text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg>
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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> transformers<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<div class="flex justify-center"><img src="https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface-course/documentation-images/resolve/main/en/chapter0/install.gif" alt="A gif showing the result of the two commands above: installation and import" width="80%"></div>
<p>Quest’operazione installa una versione molto leggera degli 🤗 Transformers che non importa nessun framework (<em>quadro strutturale</em>) di machine learning (<em>apprendimento automatico</em>), come ad esempio PyTorch o TensorFlow. Dato che useremo numerose features (<em>caratteristiche</em>) della libreria, ti raccomandiamo l’installazione della versione per sviluppatori. Questa contiene praticamente tutte le dipendenze possibili e immaginabili:</p>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->!pip <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> transformers[sentencepiece]<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>L’operazione richiederà un po’ di tempo, ma poi sarai pronto/a per il tutto resto del corso!</p>
<h2 class="relative group"><a id="come-usare-un-ambiente-virtuale-in-python" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#come-usare-un-ambiente-virtuale-in-python"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a>
	<span>Come usare un ambiente virtuale in Python
	</span></h2>

<p>Se preferisci utilizzare un ambiente virtuale in Python, il primo passo consiste nell’installazione di Python nel tuo sistema. Ti raccomandiamo di aiutarti con <a href="https://realpython.com/installing-python/" rel="nofollow">questa guida</a>.</p>
<p>Quando avrai installato Python, dovresti riuscire a eseguire qualsiasi comando in Python sul terminale. Prima di procedere ai passi successivi, prova a eseguire il seguente comando per assicurarti che Python sia installato correttamente: <code>python --version</code>. Il comando dovrebbe stampare il nome della versione di Python installata nella tua macchina.</p>
<p>Quando esegui un comando in Python dal terminale, come ad esempio <code>python --version</code>, ti consigliamo di considerare il programma che esegue il tuo comando come l’installazione “principale” di Python del tuo sistema. La nostra raccomandazione è di tenere quest’installazione principale libera da pacchetti di ogni tipo, e di usarla per creare ambienti diversi per ogni applicazione alla quale lavorerai. In questo modo, ogni applicazione avrà le proprie dipendenze e i propri pacchetti, e non dovrai preoccuparti di eventuali problemi di compatibilità con altre applicazioni.</p>
<p>In Python, quest’operazione si effettua utilizzando i <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/venv.html" rel="nofollow">virtual environments</a> (<em>ambienti virtuali</em>). Questi ultimi sono degli alberi di directory autonomi che contengono installazioni di Python diverse, ossia particolari versioni di Python unite a tutti i pacchetti richiesti da una certa applicazione. La creazione di ambienti virtuali di questo tipo si può attuare a mezzo di strumenti diversi, anche se qui useremo esclusivamente il pacchetto ufficiale di Python, <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/venv.html#module-venv" rel="nofollow"><code>venv</code></a>.</p>
<p>Innanzitutto, crea la cartella che ospiterà l’applicazione in questione, come ad esempio una cartella di nome <em>transformer-course</em> alla radice della tua home directory:</p>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-built_in">mkdir</span> ~/transformer-course
<span class="hljs-built_in">cd</span> ~/transformer-course<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>All’interno di questa cartella, crea un ambiente virtuale utilizzando il modulo <code>venv</code> di Python:</p>

	<div class="code-block relative"><div class="absolute top-2.5 right-4"><button class="inline-flex items-center relative text-sm focus:text-green-500 cursor-pointer focus:outline-none transition duration-200 ease-in-out opacity-0 mx-0.5   text-gray-600 " title="code excerpt" type="button"><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" focusable="false" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M28,10V28H10V10H28m0-2H10a2,2,0,0,0-2,2V28a2,2,0,0,0,2,2H28a2,2,0,0,0,2-2V10a2,2,0,0,0-2-2Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><path d="M4,18H2V4A2,2,0,0,1,4,2H18V4H4Z" transform="translate(0)"></path><rect fill="none" width="32" height="32"></rect></svg>
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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-keyword">python</span> -m venv .<span class="hljs-keyword">env</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>A questo punto, dovresti avere una cartella chiamata <em>.env</em> in quella che era la tua cartella vuota:</p>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-built_in">ls</span> -a<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->.      <span class="hljs-string">..</span>    <span class="hljs-string">.env</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>Puoi entrare e uscire dall’ambiente virtuale utilizzando gli script <code>activate</code> e <code>deactivate</code>:</p>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-comment"># Activate the virtual environment</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">source</span> .<span class="hljs-built_in">env</span>/bin/activate

<span class="hljs-comment"># Deactivate the virtual environment</span>
<span class="hljs-built_in">source</span> .<span class="hljs-built_in">env</span>/bin/deactivate<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>Assicurati che l’ambiente sia configurato correttamente eseguendo il comando <code>which python</code>: se come risposta ottieni l’ambiente virtuale, significa che l’hai attivato bene!</p>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-built_in">which</span> python<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START --><span class="hljs-regexp">/home/</span>&lt;user&gt;<span class="hljs-regexp">/transformer-course/</span>.env<span class="hljs-regexp">/bin/</span>python<!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<h3 class="relative group"><a id="installazione-dipendenze" class="header-link block pr-1.5 text-lg no-hover:hidden with-hover:absolute with-hover:p-1.5 with-hover:opacity-0 with-hover:group-hover:opacity-100 with-hover:right-full" href="#installazione-dipendenze"><span><svg class="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" aria-hidden="true" role="img" width="1em" height="1em" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" viewBox="0 0 256 256"><path d="M167.594 88.393a8.001 8.001 0 0 1 0 11.314l-67.882 67.882a8 8 0 1 1-11.314-11.315l67.882-67.881a8.003 8.003 0 0 1 11.314 0zm-28.287 84.86l-28.284 28.284a40 40 0 0 1-56.567-56.567l28.284-28.284a8 8 0 0 0-11.315-11.315l-28.284 28.284a56 56 0 0 0 79.196 79.197l28.285-28.285a8 8 0 1 0-11.315-11.314zM212.852 43.14a56.002 56.002 0 0 0-79.196 0l-28.284 28.284a8 8 0 1 0 11.314 11.314l28.284-28.284a40 40 0 0 1 56.568 56.567l-28.285 28.285a8 8 0 0 0 11.315 11.314l28.284-28.284a56.065 56.065 0 0 0 0-79.196z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></span></a>
	<span>Installazione dipendenze
	</span></h3>

<p>Come già menzionato nella sezione su Google Colab, il passo successivo consiste nell’installazione dei pacchetti richiesti dal corso. Ancora una volta, ti chiediamo di installare la versione per sviluppatori degli 🤗 Transformers utilizzando il gestore di pacchetti <code>pip</code>:</p>

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	<pre><!-- HTML_TAG_START -->pip <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> <span class="hljs-string">&quot;transformers[sentencepiece]&quot;</span><!-- HTML_TAG_END --></pre></div>
<p>Abbiamo finito con le installazioni! Ora sei pronto/a a iniziare.</p>


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