Miller, J., dissents, and votes to affirm the order appealed
from, with the following memorandum: I dissent and would affirm the Family Court order increasing the father’s child support obligation from $425 per month for three children ($33 per week per child) to $250 per week for the three children ($83.30 per week) since the record demonstrates a substantial change in circumstances and that the children’s needs are not being met (see, Matter of Brescia v Fitts, 56 NY2d 132; Matter of Michaels v Michaels, 56 NY2d 924; Matter of Ragazzo v Murray, 175 AD2d 247; Devenuti v Devenuti, 170 AD2d 573; Matter of Bruhn v McCready, 138 AD2d 374).
*569The uncontroverted substantial change in circumstances which has occurred in the years intervening between the time of the parties’ divorce in 1983 and the entry of the order appealed from in 1989 should have been anticipated. Increases in the needs of growing children (17, 13 and 12 in 1989), the cost of living, the income of the mother (from $720 per year to $22,000 per year), the income of the father (from $43,000 per year to $63,000 per year) are uncontroverted. Since such increased needs and expenses were not unanticipated, absent a showing that the children’s needs are not being met, modification of the father’s child support obligation would not have been justified (see, Matter of Boden v Boden, 42 NY2d 210).
The issue on which my colleagues and I disagree is whether in the context of this case, the children’s needs are being met. While there is no evidence in this record that the children are deprived of an appropriate standard of living, it is equally clear that the continuing monetary assistance of their maternal grandparents has been essential to providing for these children’s needs. I disagree with my colleagues’ view that the Family Court erred in granting the mother’s application for an upward modification on the ground that under these circumstances, the children’s needs are being met. The Family Court appropriately held the parents alone responsible for providing for the adequate needs of the children and correctly increased the father’s support obligations accordingly.
I find no legal authority mandating the Family Court to impute financial contributions of the grandparents as income to a parent. Although for purposes of application of the Child Support Guidelines, Family Court Act § 413 (1) (b) (5) (iv) (D) authorizes the court to attribute to a parent as income, inter alia, "money, goods, or services provided by relatives and friends”, that inference is expressly discretionary with the court, a discretionary determination more appropriately exercised by a trial, rather than an appellate court.
Had the application of the Child Support Standards Act been mandated at the time of the entry of the order, the father would have been required to pay $17,000 per year as child support (29% of his income less Social Security taxes). The Family Court order in issue requiring that he pay $13,000 per year is therefore well below the standard prescribed by the Legislature. The level of child support to which this father is held as a result of the majority’s reversal of the Family Court order, which requires him to pay only $5,100 per year for three children (less than 9% of his income less Social *570Security taxes) is, in my view, insufficient under any reasonable standard.