<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco-Prussian_War" id="mwmg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Franco-Prussian War">Franco-Prussian War</a>: The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Metz_(1870)" id="mwmw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Siege of Metz (1870)">Siege of Metz</a> begins, resulting in a decisive <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" id="mwnA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussian</a> victory on October 23.