<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emir" id="mwNQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Emir">Emir</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abd-ar-Rahman_III" id="mwNg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Abd-ar-Rahman III">Abd-ar-Rahman III</a> establishes the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliphate_of_Córdoba" id="mwNw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Caliphate of Córdoba">Caliphate of Córdoba</a>.<sup about="#mwt38" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"}}' id="cite_ref-5" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./January_16#cite_note-5" id="mwOA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 5;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwOQ">[5]</span></a></sup>
<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-5"><cite about="#mwt35" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFO'Callaghan1994">O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1994). <a class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cq2dDgAAQBAJ" id="mwB5c" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow"><i id="mwB5g">A History of Nedieval Spain</i></a>. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press. p.<span id="mwB5k" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>118. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB5o" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB5s" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/9780801492648" id="mwB5w" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/9780801492648"><bdi id="mwB50">9780801492648</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt35" class="Z3988" id="mwB54" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=A+History+of+Nedieval+Spain&amp;rft.place=Ithaca%2C+N.Y.&amp;rft.pages=118&amp;rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1994&amp;rft.isbn=9780801492648&amp;rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&amp;rft.aufirst=Joseph+F.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dcq2dDgAAQBAJ&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJanuary+16"></span></span>