<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Third_Republic" id="mwhA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="French Third Republic">French</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nguyễn_dynasty" id="mwhQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Nguyễn dynasty">Vietnamese</a> troops clashed in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tonkin" id="mwhg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Tonkin">Tonkin</a>, when Commandant <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Rivière_(naval_officer)" id="mwhw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Henri Rivière (naval officer)">Henri Rivière</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hanoi_(1882)" id="mwiA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Hanoi (1882)">seized</a> the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citadel_of_Hanoi" id="mwiQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Citadel of Hanoi">citadel of Hanoi</a> with a small force of marine infantry.