<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_War" id="mwjw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>: During the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicksburg_campaign" id="mwkA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vicksburg campaign">Vicksburg campaign</a>, the decisive <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" id="mwkQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a> victory by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" id="mwkg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Champion_Hill" id="mwkw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Champion Hill">Battle of Champion Hill</a> drives the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate_army" id="mwlA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Confederate army">Confederate army</a> under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Pemberton" id="mwlQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="John C. Pemberton">John C. Pemberton</a> back towards <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vicksburg,_Mississippi" id="mwlg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Vicksburg, Mississippi">Vicksburg, Mississippi</a>.<sup about="#mwt76" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"}}' id="cite_ref-12" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./May_16#cite_note-12" id="mwlw" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 12;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwmA">[12]</span></a></sup>
<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-12"><cite about="#mwt73" class="citation web cs1" id="mwBwQ"><a class="external text" href="https://www.nps.gov/vick/learn/historyculture/championhill.htm" id="mwBwU" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"Battle of Champion Hill (May 16)"</a>. <i id="mwBwY">NPS.gov</i>. National Park Service. April 7, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwBwc">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwBwg">May 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span about="#mwt73" class="Z3988" id="mwBwk" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=NPS.gov&amp;rft.atitle=Battle+of+Champion+Hill+%28May+16%29&amp;rft.date=2017-04-07&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nps.gov%2Fvick%2Flearn%2Fhistoryculture%2Fchampionhill.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMay+16"></span></span>