<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeltoqsan" id="mwASU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jeltoqsan">Jeltoqsan</a>: Riots erupt in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almaty" id="mwASY" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Almaty">Alma-Ata</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" id="mwASc" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakh SSR</a>, in response to Soviet leader <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" id="mwASg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a>'s dismissal of ethnic Kazakh <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinmukhamed_Kunaev" id="mwASk" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dinmukhamed Kunaev">Dinmukhamed Kunaev</a>, the First Secretary of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kazakhstan_(Soviet_Union)" id="mwASo" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Communist Party of Kazakhstan (Soviet Union)">Communist Party of Kazakhstan</a>, and his replacement with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gennady_Kolbin" id="mwASs" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Gennady Kolbin">Gennady Kolbin</a>, an ethnic Russian from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" id="mwASw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian SFSR</a>.<sup about="#mwt90" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"}}' id="cite_ref-15" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./December_16#cite_note-15" id="mwAS0" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 15;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwAS4">[15]</span></a></sup>
<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-15"><cite about="#mwt87" class="citation web cs1" id="CITEREFPutz2016">Putz, Catherine (2016-12-16). <a class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2016/12/1986-kazakhstans-other-independence-anniversary/" id="mwB2k" rel="mw:ExtLink nofollow">"1986: Kazakhstan's Other Independence Anniversary"</a>. <i id="mwB2o">thediplomat.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate" id="mwB2s">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap" id="mwB2w">2023-08-17</span></span>.</cite><span about="#mwt87" class="Z3988" id="mwB20" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=thediplomat.com&amp;rft.atitle=1986%3A+Kazakhstan%27s+Other+Independence+Anniversary&amp;rft.date=2016-12-16&amp;rft.aulast=Putz&amp;rft.aufirst=Catherine&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2016%2F12%2F1986-kazakhstans-other-independence-anniversary%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADecember+16"></span></span>