<a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czar_Nicholas_II" id="mwXA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Czar Nicholas II">Czar Nicholas II</a> issues the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_Manifesto" id="mwXQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="October Manifesto">October Manifesto</a>, nominally granting the Russian peoples basic civil liberties and the right to form a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duma" id="mwXg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Duma">duma</a>. (October 17 in the Julian calendar)