The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Azaz_(1030)" id="mwJg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Battle of Azaz (1030)">Battle of Azaz</a> ends with a humiliating retreat of the Byzantine emperor, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanos_III_Argyros" id="mwJw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Romanos III Argyros">Romanos III Argyros</a>, against the <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mirdasid" id="mwKA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Mirdasid">Mirdasid</a> rulers of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aleppo" id="mwKQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a>. The retreat degenerates into a rout, in which Romanos himself barely escapes capture.<sup about="#mwt19" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"}}' id="cite_ref-1" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./August_10#cite_note-1" id="mwKg" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 1;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwKw">[1]</span></a></sup><sup about="#mwt23" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-2"}}' id="cite_ref-2" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./August_10#cite_note-2" id="mwLA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 2;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwLQ">[2]</span></a></sup>
<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-1"><cite about="#mwt16" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source" id="CITEREFHalm2003"><a href="./Heinz_Halm" id="mwB5A" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Heinz Halm">Halm, Heinz</a> (2003). <i id="mwB5E">Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fatimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074</i> <span id="mwB5I" typeof="mw:Entity">[</span><i id="mwB5M">The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074</i><span id="mwB5Q" typeof="mw:Entity">]</span> (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. pp.<span id="mwB5U" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>341–342. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./ISBN_(identifier)" id="mwB5Y" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a><span id="mwB5c" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span><a href="./Special:BookSources/3-406-48654-1" id="mwB5g" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Special:BookSources/3-406-48654-1"><bdi id="mwB5k">3-406-48654-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span about="#mwt16" class="Z3988" id="mwB5o" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Die+Kalifen+von+Kairo%3A+Die+Fatimiden+in+%C3%84gypten%2C+973%E2%80%931074&amp;rft.place=Munich&amp;rft.pages=341-342&amp;rft.pub=C.+H.+Beck&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=3-406-48654-1&amp;rft.aulast=Halm&amp;rft.aufirst=Heinz&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAugust+10"></span></span>