<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighty_Years'_War" id="mwYQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Eighty Years' War">Eighty Years' War</a>: <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Antwerp_(1584–85)" id="mwYg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Siege of Antwerp (1584–85)">Siege of Antwerp</a>: <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antwerp" id="mwYw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a> is captured by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_Empire" id="mwZA" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish</a> forces under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Farnese,_Duke_of_Parma" id="mwZQ" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma">Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma</a>, who orders <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestants" id="mwZg" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Protestants">Protestants</a> to leave the city and as a result over half of the 100,000 inhabitants flee to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_Republic" id="mwZw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Dutch Republic">northern provinces</a>.