The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jinan_incident" id="mwkw" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Jinan incident">Jinan incident</a> begins with the deaths of twelve Japanese civilians by Chinese forces in Jinan, China, which leads to Japanese retaliation and the deaths of over 2,000 Chinese civilians in the following days.<sup about="#mwt33" class="mw-ref reference" data-mw='{"name":"ref","attrs":{},"body":{"id":"mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"}}' id="cite_ref-4" rel="dc:references" typeof="mw:Extension/ref"><a href="./May_3#cite_note-4" id="mwlA" style="counter-reset: mw-Ref 4;"><span class="mw-reflink-text" id="mwlQ">[4]</span></a></sup>
<span class="mw-reference-text" id="mw-reference-text-cite_note-4"><cite about="#mwt30" class="citation book cs1" id="CITEREFWilbur1983"><a href="./C._Martin_Wilbur" id="mwBlE" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="C. Martin Wilbur">Wilbur, C. Martin</a> (1983). "The Nationalist Revolution: from Canton to Nanking, 1923–1928". <i id="mwBlI">Republican China, 1912–1949 Pt I</i>. <a class="mw-redirect" href="./Cambridge_History_of_China" id="mwBlM" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cambridge History of China">Cambridge History of China</a>. Vol.<span id="mwBlQ" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>12. <a href="./Cambridge" id="mwBlU" rel="mw:WikiLink" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>: Cambridge University Press. pp.<span id="mwBlY" typeof="mw:Entity"> </span>702–706.</cite><span about="#mwt30" class="Z3988" id="mwBlc" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=The+Nationalist+Revolution%3A+from+Canton+to+Nanking%2C+1923%E2%80%931928&amp;rft.btitle=Republican+China%2C+1912%E2%80%931949+Pt+I&amp;rft.place=Cambridge&amp;rft.series=Cambridge+History+of+China&amp;rft.pages=702-706&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1983&amp;rft.aulast=Wilbur&amp;rft.aufirst=C.+Martin&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMay+3"></span></span>