In this paper, we investigate the achievable uplink spectral efficiency (SE) and its approximate analytical expression in massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems, using finite precision analog-digital converters (ADCs) and zeroforcing (ZF) technique at the receivers. To analyze the system performance, we adopt the additive quantization noise model, where the quantization noise is treated as an additive and independent noise. Analytical results show that the achievable SE is related to the transmitted power of each user, the number of BS antennas and quantization bins. Numerical results validate the accuracy of our derived result and show that increasing the number of BS antennas can compensate the loss in system performance resulted from low-resolution ADCs, which corroborates the feasibility of installing finite precision ADCs in practical massive MIMO systems.
['Dan Qiao', 'Weiqiang Tan', 'Yuyan Zhao', 'Chao-Kai Wen', 'Shi Jin']
Spectral efficiency for massive MIMO zero-forcing receiver with low-resolution ADC