Now that innovation in networked structures (Living Labs is an example of these) has become the emerging paradigm, the need for a holistic approach towards collaborative issues is restrained by the fragmentation of research into innovation management. Partial solutions caused by this fragmentation will only increase the number of conflicting issues that need resolving. Thereto, this paper offers seven perspectives for addressing innovation in networked structures, especially by evaluating the perspectives against the particular characteristics of Living Labs. None of these perspectives, based on a literature review and supported by empirical evidence, offers a complete picture of innovation that crosses the organisational boundaries of the monolithic firm. To understand and solve challenges related to Living Labs, a more integrated and comprehensive view becomes necessary based on the integration of the individual perspectives. In addition, a research agenda for Living Labs follows from the issues emerging from the review of the perspectives.
['Rob Dekkers']
Perspectives on Living Labs as innovation networks