Energy management and reliability are two important design objectives for real-time embedded systems. Recently, the standby-sparing scheme that uses a primary processor and a spare processor has been exploited to provide fault tolerance while keeping the energy consumption under control through DVS and DPMtechniques. In this paper, we consider the standby-sparing technique for fixed-priority periodic real-time tasks. We propose a dual-queue mechanism through which the execution of backup tasks are maximally delayed, as well as online algorithms to manage energy consumption. Our experimental results show that the proposed scheme provides energy savings over time-redundancy based techniques while offering reliability improvements.
['Mohammad A. Haque', 'Hakan Aydin', 'Dakai Zhu']
Energy management of standby-sparing systems for fixed-priority real-time workloads