The paper is an overview of several new ideas about complex, unpredictable systems and explores what it means to manage a system you can't predict. The paper also considers the potential utility of several ideas from the new science of networks. The critical difference between tightly and loosely coupled systems is then examined as well as a concept called "practical drift" which may help explain how strong coupling can sometimes make complex systems unstable.
['P. H. Longstaff']
Can unpredictable systems be managed