Purpose#R##N#Preoperative planning is of great importance for transforaminal endoscopic techniques applied in percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. In this study, a modular preoperative planning software for transforaminal endoscopic surgery was developed and demonstrated.
['Xiaojun Chen', 'Jun Cheng', 'Xin Gu', 'Yiting Sun', 'Constantinus Politis']
Development of preoperative planning software for transforaminal endoscopic surgery and the guidance for clinical applications