Biochips can fail because of a wide variety of reasons, ranging from electrical defects (shorts, opens, and so on) to material properties, unexpected fluidic flow patterns, and chemical or biological contamination. This article describes the way to detect and locate various types of faults in biochips. This article describes analog and digital microelectronic fluidic (MEF) arrays design and testing methods.
['Hans G. Kerkhoff']
Testing Microelectronic Biofluidic Systems