Silicon based mm-Wave radiometers for sensing, passive imaging, and even biomedical imaging have become an emerging area with many excellent systems demonstrated up to W-band [1–5]. Beyond these emerging areas, mm-Wave radiometers are also a major tool in Earth science (both airborne and space-borne) providing overhead soundings for capturing climate conditions and supporting the study of extreme weather events, moisture cycles, and cloud formation by way of collecting atmospheric absorption measurements that can be both altitude and pressure resolved.
['A.J. Tang', 'Yangyho Kim', 'Qun Jane Gu']
25.4 A 0.43K-noise-equivalent-ΔT 100GHz dicke-free radiometer with 100% time efficiency in 65nm CMOS