Channel reciprocity can be used for providing sufficient key generation in time division duplex (TDD) system. However, in practice, its application is limited by the hardware fingerprint deviation (HFD) problem. In this paper, we propose a novel real-time transform that can cope with this problem in time- varying TDD channel without any calibration period or feedback loops. More specifically, a log-domain differential (LDD) transform is developed and the resulting performance is analyzed in terms of mean square error (MSE) between receptions at Alice and Bob and effective signal to error ratio (ESER). The analysis shows that the proposed transform can eliminate the impact of HFD, yet its performance is very sensitive to channel noise and moving speed. For this purpose, an enhanced version is proposed including an efficient noise reduction technique and the impact of mobility on parameter design is also analyzed. Numerical results show that the proposed LDD advanced transform provides performance comparable to the ideal case without HFD, and thus, can be used to form a simple, practical and flexible solution for secret key generation in time-varying TDD channel.
['Guyue Li', 'Aiqun Hu', 'Yaning Zou', 'Linning Peng', 'Mikko Valkama']
A Novel Transform for Secret Key Generation in Time-Varying TDD Channel under Hardware Fingerprint Deviation