Data mining techniques such as classification algorithms are applied to data which are usually high dimensional and very large. In order to assist the user to perform a classification task, visual techniques can be employed to represent high dimensional data in a more comprehensible  2D  or  3D  space. However, such representation of high dimensional data in the  2D  or  3D  space may unavoidably cause overlapping data and information loss. This issue can be addressed by interactive visualization. With expert domain knowledge, the user can build classifiers that are as competitive as automated ones using a  2D  or  3D  visual interface interactively. Several visual techniques have been proposed for classifying high dimensional data. However, the user׳s interaction with those techniques is highly dependent on the experience of the user in the visual identification of classifying data, and as a result, the classification results of those techniques may vary and may not be repeatable. To address this deficiency, this article presents an interactive visual approach to the classification of high dimensional data. Our approach employs  the enhanced separation feature  of a visual technique called HOV 3  by which the user plots the training dataset by applying statistical measurements on a  2D  space in order to separate data points into groups with the same class labels. A data group with its corresponding statistical measurement which separated it from the others is taken as a visual classifier. Then the user mixes the data points in a classifier with the unlabeled dataset and plots them in HOV 3  by the measurement of the classifier. The data points which overlap the labeled ones in the  2D  space are assigned the corresponding label. Our approach avoids the randomness in the existing interactive visual classification techniques, as the visual classifier in this approach only depends on the training dataset and its statistical measurement. As a result, this work provides an intuitive and effective approach to classify high dimensional data by interactive visualization.
['Ke-Bing Zhang', 'Mehmet A. Orgun', 'Rajan Shankaran', 'Du Zhang']
Classifying high dimensional data by interactive visual analysis