Bubble detection is a complicated tasks since varying light- ing conditions changes considerably the appearance of bubbles in liquid. The two common techniques to detect circular objects such as bubbles, the geometry-based and appearance-based approaches, have their advan- tages and weaknesses. The geometry-based methods often fail to detect small blob-like bubbles that do not match the used geometrical model, and appearance-based approaches are vulnerable to appearance changes caused by, e.g., illumination. In this paper, we compare a geometry-based concentric circular arrangements (CCA) and appearance-based sliding window methods as well as their combinations in terms of bubble de- tection, gas volume computation, and size distribution estimation. The best bubble detection performance was achieved with the sliding window method whereas the most precise volume estimate was produced by the CCA method. The combination of the two approaches gave only a minor advantage compared to the base methods.
['Nataliya Strokina', 'Roman Juránek', 'Tuomas Eerola', 'Lasse Lensu', 'Pavel Zemcik', 'Heikki Kälviäinen']
Comparison of Appearance-Based and Geometry-Based Bubble Detectors