In statistical machine translation, a researcher seeks to determine whether some innovation (e.g., a new feature, model, or inference algorithm) improves translation quality in comparison to a baseline system. To answer this question, he runs an experiment to evaluate the behavior of the two systems on held-out data. In this paper, we consider how to make such experiments more statistically reliable. We provide a systematic analysis of the effects of optimizer instability---an extraneous variable that is seldom controlled for---on experimental outcomes, and make recommendations for reporting results more accurately.
['Jonathan H. Clark', 'Chris Dyer', 'Alon Lavie', 'Noah A. Smith']
Better Hypothesis Testing for Statistical Machine Translation: Controlling for Optimizer Instability