We consider the problem of adapting the parameters of an influence diagram in an online fashion for real-time personalization. This problem is important when we use the influence diagram repeatedly to make decisions and we are uncertain about its parameters. We describe learning algorithms to solve this problem. In particular, we show how to modify various explore-versus-exploit strategies that are known to work well for Markov decision processes to the more general influence-diagram model. As an illustration, we describe how our techniques for online personalization allow a voice-enabled browser to adapt to a particular speaker for spoken dialogue management. We evaluate all the explore-versus-exploit strategies in this domain.
['David Maxwell Chickering', 'Tim Paek']
Personalizing influence diagrams: applying online learning strategies to dialogue management