Movable type - wikipedia Movable type Jump to : navigation , search For the weblog software , see Movable Type . Part of a series on the History of printing Woodblock printing 200 Movable type 1040 Printing press c. 1440 Etching c. 1515 Mezzotint 1642 Aquatint 1772 Lithography 1796 Chromolithography 1837 Rotary press 1843 Hectograph 1869 Offset printing 1875 Hot metal typesetting 1884 Mimeograph 1886 Photostat and rectigraph 1907 Screen printing 1911 Spirit duplicator 1923 Dot matrix printing 1925 Xerography 1938 Phototypesetting 1949 Inkjet printing 1951 Dye - sublimation 1957 Laser printing 1969 Thermal printing c. 1972 3D printing 1981 Solid Ink printing 1986 Digital printing 1991 Movable type ( US English ; moveable type in British English ) is the system and technology of printing and typography that uses movable components to reproduce the elements of a document ( usually individual letters or punctuation ) usually on the medium of paper . The world 's first movable type printing press technology for printing paper books was made of porcelain materials and was invented around AD 1040 in China during the Northern Song Dynasty by the inventor Bi Sheng ( 990 -- 1051 ) . Subsequently in 1377 , the world 's oldest extant movable metal print book , Jikji , was printed in Korea during the Goryeo dynasty . Because of this , the diffusion of both movable - type systems was , to some degree , limited to primarily East Asia , although various sporadic reports of movable type technology were brought back to Europe by Christian missionaries , traders and business people who were returning to Europe after having worked in China for several years and influenced the development of printing technology in Europe . Some of these medieval European accounts are still preserved in the library archives of the Vatican and Oxford University among many others . Around 1450 , Johannes Gutenberg introduced the metal movable - type printing press in Europe , along with innovations in casting the type based on a matrix and hand mould . The small number of alphabetic characters needed for European languages was an important factor . Gutenberg was the first to create his type pieces from an alloy of lead , tin , and antimony -- and these materials remained standard for 550 years . For alphabetic scripts , movable - type page setting was quicker than woodblock printing . The metal type pieces were more durable and the lettering was more uniform , leading to typography and fonts . The high quality and relatively low price of the Gutenberg Bible ( 1455 ) established the superiority of movable type in Europe and the use of printing presses spread rapidly . The printing press may be regarded as one of the key factors fostering the Renaissance and due to its effectiveness , its use spread around the globe . The 19th - century invention of hot metal typesetting and its successors caused movable type to decline in the 20th century . Contents ( hide ) 1 Precursors to movable type 1.1 Letter punch and coins 1.2 Seals and stamps 1.3 Woodblock printing 2 History 2.1 Ceramic movable type 2.2 Wooden movable type 2.3 Metal movable type in China 2.4 Metal movable type in Korea 2.5 Metal movable type in Europe 3 Type - founding 4 Typesetting 5 Metal type combined with other methods 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External links Precursors to movable type ( edit ) Letter punch and coins ( edit ) Movable type traces its origins to the punches used to make coins : the reverse face of a Tetradrachm Greek coin from Athens , 5th century BC , featuring various letters and the owl symbol of Athena . The technique of imprinting multiple copies of symbols or glyphs with a master type punch made of hard metal first developed around 3000 BC in ancient Sumer . These metal punch types can be seen as precursors of the letter punches adapted in later millennia to printing with movable metal type . Cylinder seals were used in Mesopotamia to create an impression on a surface by rolling the seal on wet clay . They were used to `` sign '' documents and mark objects as the owner 's property . Cylinder seals were a related form of early typography capable of printing small page designs in relief ( cameo ) on wax or clay -- a miniature forerunner of rotogravure printing used by wealthy individuals to seal and certify documents . By 650 BC the ancient Greeks were using larger diameter punches to imprint small page images onto coins and tokens . The designs of the artists who made the first coin punches were stylized with a degree of skill that could not be mistaken for common handiwork -- salient and very specific types designed to be reproduced ad infinitum . Unlike the first typefaces used to print books in the 13th century , coin types were neither combined nor printed with ink on paper , but `` published '' in metal -- a more durable medium -- and survived in substantial numbers . As the portable face of ruling authority , coins were a compact form of standardized knowledge issued in large editions , an early mass medium that stabilized trade and civilization throughout the Mediterranean world of antiquity . Seals and stamps ( edit ) Main articles : Mudbrick stamp , Cylinder seal , and Phaistos Disc Brick `` stamp mold '' for the King of Larsa , Sin - Iddinam . ( for Sun God , Utu , foundation deposit of temple ) A replica of the Phaistos Disc Seals and stamps may have been precursors to movable type . The uneven spacing of the impressions on brick stamps found in the Mesopotamian cities of Uruk and Larsa , dating from the 2nd millennium BC , has been conjectured by some archaeologists as evidence that the stamps were made using movable type . The enigmatic Minoan Phaistos Disc of 1800 -- 1600 BC has been considered by one scholar as an early example of a body of text being reproduced with reusable characters : it may have been produced by pressing pre-formed hieroglyphic `` seals '' into the soft clay . A few authors even view the disc as technically meeting all definitional criteria to represent an early incidence of movable - type printing . Recently it has been alleged by Jerome Eisenberg that the disk is a forgery . The Prüfening dedicatory inscription is medieval example of movable type stamps being used . Woodblock printing ( edit ) Main article : Woodblock printing The intricate frontispiece of the Diamond Sutra from Tang Dynasty China , an early woodblock - printed book , AD 868 ( British Museum ) Following the invention of paper in the 2nd century AD during the Chinese Han Dynasty , writing materials became more portable and economical than the bones , shells , bamboo slips , metal or stone tablets , silk , etc. previously used . Yet copying books by hand was still labour - consuming . Not until the Xiping Era ( 172 -- 178 AD ) , towards the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty did sealing print and monotype appear . It was soon used for printing designs on fabrics , and later for printing texts . Woodblock printing , invented by about the 8th century during the Tang Dynasty , worked as follows . First , the neat hand - copied script was stuck on a relatively thick and smooth board , with the front of the paper , which was so thin that it was nearly transparent , sticking to the board , and characters showing in reverse , but distinctly , so that every stroke could be easily recognized . Then carvers cut away the parts of the board that were not part of the character , so that the characters were cut in relief , completely differently from those cut intaglio . When printing , the bulging characters would have some ink spread on them and be covered by paper . With workers ' hands moving on the back of paper gently , characters would be printed on the paper . By the Song Dynasty , woodblock printing came to its heyday . Although woodblock printing played an influential role in spreading culture , there remained some apparent drawbacks . Firstly , carving the printing plate required considerable time , labour and materials ; secondly , it was not convenient to store these plates ; and finally , it was difficult to correct mistakes . With woodblock printing , one printing plate could be used for tens of hundreds of books , playing a magnificent role in spreading culture . Yet carving the plate was time and labour consuming . Huge books cost years of effort . The plates needed a lot of storage space , and were often damaged by deformation , worms and corrosion . If books had a small print run , and were not reprinted , the printing plates would become nothing but waste ; and worse , if a mistake was found , it was difficult to correct it without discarding the whole plate . History ( edit ) Further information : Letterpress printing and History of printing in East Asia Ceramic movable type ( edit ) Bi Sheng ( 毕 昇 / 畢昇 ) ( 990 -- 1051 ) developed the first known movable - type system for printing in China around 1040 AD during the Northern Song dynasty , using ceramic materials . As described by the Chinese scholar Shen Kuo ( 沈括 ) ( 1031 -- 1095 ) : When he wished to print , he took an iron frame and set it on the iron plate . In this he placed the types , set close together . When the frame was full , the whole made one solid block of type . He then placed it near the fire to warm it . When the paste ( at the back ) was slightly melted , he took a smooth board and pressed it over the surface , so that the block of type became as even as a whetstone . For each character there were several types , and for certain common characters there were twenty or more types each , in order to be prepared for the repetition of characters on the same page . When the characters were not in use he had them arranged with paper labels , one label for each rhyme - group , and kept them in wooden cases . If one were to print only two or three copies , this method would be neither simple nor easy . But for printing hundreds or thousands of copies , it was marvelously quick . As a rule he kept two forms going . While the impression was being made from the one form , the type was being put in place on the other . When the printing of the one form was finished , the other was then ready . In this way the two forms alternated and the printing was done with great rapidity . In 1193 , Zhou Bida , an officer of Southern Song Dynasty , made a set of clay movable - type method according to the method described by Shen Kuo in his Dream Pool Essays , and printed his book Notes of The Jade Hall ( 《 玉堂 雜記 》 ) . The claim that Bi Sheng 's clay types were `` fragile '' and `` not practical for large - scale printing '' and `` short lived '' was refuted by facts and experiments . Bao Shicheng ( 1775 -- 1885 ) wrote that baked clay moveable type was `` as hard and tough as horn '' ; experiments show that clay type , after being baked in an oven , becomes hard and difficult to break , such that it remains intact after being dropped from a height of two metres onto a marble floor . The length of clay movable types in China was 1 to 2 centimetres , not 2mm , thus hard as horn . There has been an ongoing debate regarding the success of ceramic printing technology as there have been no printed materials found with ceramic movable types . However , it is historically recorded to have been used as late as 1844 in China from the Song dynasty through the Qing dynasty . Wooden movable type ( edit ) Bi Sheng ( 990 -- 1051 ) also pioneered the use of wooden movable type around 1040 AD , as described by the Chinese scholar Shen Kuo ( 1031 -- 1095 ) . However , this technology was abandoned in favour of clay movable types due to the presence of wood grains and the unevenness of the wooden type after being soaked in ink . A revolving typecase for wooden type in China , from Wang Zhen 's book published in 1313 In 1298 , Wang Zhen ( 王 祯 / 王 禎 ) , a Yuan dynasty governmental official of Jingde County , Anhui Province , China , re-invented a method of making movable wooden types . He made more than 30,000 wooden movable types and printed 100 copies of Records of Jingde County ( 《 旌 德 縣志 》 ) , a book of more than 60,000 Chinese characters . Soon afterwards , he summarized his invention in his book A method of making moveable wooden types for printing books . Although the wooden type was more durable under the mechanical rigors of handling , repeated printing wore the character faces down , and the types could only be replaced by carving new pieces . This system was later enhanced by pressing wooden blocks into sand and casting metal types from the depression in copper , bronze , iron or tin . This new method overcame many of the shortcomings of woodblock printing . Rather than manually carving an individual block to print a single page , movable type printing allowed for the quick assembly of a page of text . Furthermore , these new , more compact type fonts could be reused and stored . The set of wafer - like metal stamp types could be assembled to form pages , inked , and page impressions taken from rubbings on cloth or paper . In 1322 , a Fenghua county officer Ma Chengde ( 馬 称 德 ) in Zhejiang , made 100,000 wooded movable types and printed the 43 - volume Daxue Yanyi ( 《 大學 衍 義 》 ) . Wooden movable types were used continually in China . Even as late as 1733 , a 2300 - volume Wuying Palace Collected Gems Edition ( 《 武英 殿 聚珍 版 叢書 》 ) was printed with 253,500 wooden movable types on order of the Yongzheng Emperor , and completed in one year . A number of books printed in Tangut script during the Western Xia ( 1038 -- 1227 ) period are known , of which the Auspicious Tantra of All - Reaching Union that was discovered in the ruins of Baisigou Square Pagoda in 1991 is believed to have been printed sometime during the reign of Emperor Renzong of Western Xia ( 1139 -- 1193 ) . It is considered by many Chinese experts to be the earliest extant example of a book printed using wooden movable type . The logistical problems of handling the several thousand logographs ( required for full literacy in Chinese language ) posed a particular difficulty . It was faster to carve one woodblock per page than to composit a page from so many different types . However , if one used movable type to produce multiple copies of the same document , the speed of printing would increase relatively . Metal movable type in China ( edit ) At least 13 material finds in China indicate the invention of bronze movable type printing in China no later than the 12th century , with the country producing large - scale bronze - plate - printed paper money and formal official documents issued by the Jin ( 1115 -- 1234 ) and Southern Song ( 1127 -- 1279 ) dynasties with embedded bronze metal types for anti-counterfeit markers . Such paper - money printing might date back to the 11th - century jiaozi of Northern Song ( 960 -- 1127 ) . Copperplate of 1215 -- 1216 5000 - cash Jin dynasty ( 1115 -- 1234 ) paper money with bronze movable type counterfeit markers The typical example of this kind of bronze movable type embedded copper - block printing is a printed `` check '' of the Jin Dynasty with two square holes for embedding two bronze movable - type characters , each selected from 1,000 different characters , such that each printed paper note has a different combination of markers . A copper - block printed note dated between 1215 -- 1216 in the collection of Luo Zhenyu 's Pictorial Paper Money of the Four Dynasties , 1914 , shows two special characters -- one called Ziliao , the other called Zihao -- for the purpose of preventing counterfeiting ; over the Ziliao there is a small character ( 輶 ) printed with movable copper type , while over the Zihao there is an empty square hole -- apparently the associated copper metal type was lost . Another sample of Song dynasty money of the same period in the collection of the Shanghai Museum has two empty square holes above Ziliao as well as Zihou , due to the loss of the two copper movable types . Song dynasty bronze block embedded with bronze metal movable type printed paper money was issued on a large scale and remained in circulation for a long time . The 1298 book Zao Huozi Yinshufa ( 《 造 活字 印 书法 》 / 《 造 活字 印 書法 》 ) by the Yuan dynasty ( 1271 -- 1368 ) official Wang Zhen mentions tin movable type , used probably since the Southern Song dynasty ( 1127 -- 1279 ) , but this was largely experimental . It was unsatisfactory due to its incompatibility with the inking process . During the Mongol Empire ( 1206 -- 1405 ) , printing using movable type spread from China to Central Asia . The Uyghurs of Central Asia used movable type , their script type adopted from the Mongol language , some with Chinese words printed between the pages -- strong evidence that the books were printed in China . A page from bronze movable - type book by Hua Sui , printed in 1490 During the Ming Dynasty ( 1368 -- 1644 ) , Hua Sui in 1490 used bronze type in printing books . In 1574 the massive 1000 - volume encyclopedia Imperial Readings of the Taiping Era ( 《 太平 御 览 》 / 《 太平 御覧 》 ) was printed with bronze movable type . In 1725 the Qing Dynasty government made 250,000 bronze movable - type characters and printed 64 sets of the encyclopedic Gujin Tushu Jicheng ( 《 古今 图书 集成 》 / 《 古今 圖書 集成 》 , Complete Collection of Illustrations and Writings from the Earliest to Current Times ) . Each set consisted of 5,040 volumes , making a total of 322,560 volumes printed using movable type . Metal movable type in Korea ( edit ) Korean movable type from 1377 used for the Jikji ; In 1234 the first books known to have been printed in metallic type set were published in Goryeo Dynasty Korea . They form a set of ritual books , Sangjeong Gogeum Yemun , compiled by Choe Yun - ui . While these books have not survived , the oldest book in the world printed in metallic movable types is Jikji , printed in Korea in 1377 . The Asian Reading Room of the Library of Congress in Washington , D.C. displays examples of this metal type . Commenting on the invention of metallic types by Koreans , French scholar Henri - Jean Martin described this as `` ( extremely similar ) to Gutenberg 's '' . The techniques for bronze casting , used at the time for making coins ( as well as bells and statues ) were adapted to making metal type . The Joseon dynasty scholar Seong Hyeon ( 성현 , 成 俔 , 1439 -- 1504 ) records the following description of the Korean font - casting process : At first , one cuts letters in beech wood . One fills a trough level with fine sandy ( clay ) of the reed - growing seashore . Wood - cut letters are pressed into the sand , then the impressions become negative and form letters ( moulds ) . At this step , placing one trough together with another , one pours the molten bronze down into an opening . The fluid flows in , filling these negative moulds , one by one becoming type . Lastly , one scrapes and files off the irregularities , and piles them up to be arranged . A potential solution to the linguistic and cultural bottleneck that held back movable type in Korea for 200 years appeared in the early 15th century -- a generation before Gutenberg would begin working on his own movable - type invention in Europe -- when Sejong the Great devised a simplified alphabet of 24 characters ( hangul ) for use by the common people , which could have made the typecasting and compositing process more feasible . But Korea 's cultural elite , `` appalled at the idea of losing hanja , the badge of their elitism '' , stifled the adoption of the new alphabet . A `` Confucian prohibition on the commercialization of printing '' also obstructed the proliferation of movable type , restricting the distribution of books produced using the new method to the government . The technique was restricted to use by the royal foundry for official state publications only , where the focus was on reprinting Chinese classics lost in 1126 when Korea 's libraries and palaces had perished in a conflict between dynasties . Scholarly debate and speculation has occurred as to whether Eastern movable type spread to Europe between the late 14th century and early 15th centuries . Metal movable type in Europe ( edit ) Main articles : History of Western typography and Spread of European movable type printing The Printing Revolution in the 15th century : Within several decades around 270 European towns took up movable type printing . European output of movable type printing from Gutenberg to 1800 Johannes Gutenberg of Mainz , Germany is acknowledged as the first to invent a metal movable - type printing system in Europe , the printing press . Gutenberg was a goldsmith familiar with techniques of cutting punches for making coins from moulds . Between 1436 and 1450 he developed hardware and techniques for casting letters from matrices using a device called the hand mould . Gutenberg 's key invention and contribution to movable - type printing in Europe , the hand mould , was the first practical means of making cheap copies of letterpunches in the vast quantities needed to print complete books , making the movable - type printing process a viable enterprise . Before Gutenberg , books were copied out by hand on scrolls and paper , or printed from hand - carved wooden blocks . It was extremely time - consuming ; even a small book could take months to complete , and because the carved letters or blocks were flimsy and the wood susceptible to ink the blocks had a limited lifespan . Gutenberg and his associates developed oil - based inks ideally suited to printing with a press on paper , and the first Latin typefaces . His method of casting type may have been different from the hand mould used in subsequent decades . Detailed analysis of the type used in his 42 - line Bible has revealed irregularities in some of the characters that can not be attributed to ink spread or type wear under the pressure of the press . Scholars conjecture that the type pieces may have been cast from a series of matrices made with a series of individual stroke punches , producing many different versions of the same glyph . Editing with movable metal -- cca. 1920 It has also been suggested that the method used by Gutenberg involved using a single punch to make a mould , but the mould was such that the process of taking the type out disturbed the casting , creating variants and anomalies , and that the punch - matrix system came into use possibly around the 1470s . This raises the possibility that the development of movable type in the West may have been progressive rather than a single innovation . Gutenberg 's movable - type printing system spread rapidly across Europe , from the single Mainz printing press in 1457 to 110 presses by 1480 , of which 50 were in Italy . Venice quickly became the center of typographic and printing activity . Significant were the contributions of Nicolas Jenson , Francesco Griffo , Aldus Manutius , and other printers of late 15th - century Europe . Type - founding ( edit ) A piece of cast metal type , Garamond style long s i ligature . See also : Sort . Type - founding as practiced in Europe and the west consists of three stages . Punchcutting If the glyph design includes enclosed spaces ( counters ) then a counterpunch is made . The counter shapes are transferred in relief ( cameo ) onto the end of a rectangular bar of mild steel using a specialized engraving tool called a graver . The finished counterpunch is hardened by heating and quenching ( tempering ) , or exposure to a cyanide solution ( case hardening ) . The counterpunch is then struck against the end of a similar rectangular steel bar -- the letterpunch -- to impress the counter shapes as recessed spaces ( intaglio ) . The outer profile of the glyph is completed by scraping away with a graver the material outside the counter spaces , leaving only the stroke or lines of the glyph . Progress toward the finished design is checked by successive smoke proofs ; temporary prints made from a thin coating of carbon deposited on the punch surface by a candle flame . The finished letter punch is finally hardened to withstand the rigors of reproduction by striking . One counterpunch and one letterpunch are produced for every letter or glyph making up a complete font . Matrix The letterpunch is used to strike a blank die of soft metal to make a negative letter mould , called a matrix . Casting The matrix is inserted into the bottom of a device called a hand mould . The mould is clamped shut and molten type metal alloy consisting mostly of lead and tin , with a small amount of antimony for hardening , is poured into a cavity from the top . Antimony has the rare property of expanding as it cools , giving the casting sharp edges . When the type metal has sufficiently cooled , the mould is unlocked and a rectangular block approximately 4 centimeters long , called a sort , is extracted . Excess casting on the end of the sort , called the tang , is later removed to make the sort the precise height required for printing , known as `` type height '' . The type - height was quite different in different countries . The Monotype Corporation Limited in London UK produced moulds in various heights : 0.918 inches ( 23.3 mm ) : United Kingdom , Canada , U.S. 0.928 inches ( 23.6 mm ) : France , Germany , Switzerland and most other European countries 0.933 inches ( 23.7 mm ) : Belgium height 0.9785 inches ( 24.85 mm ) : Dutch height A Dutch printers manual mentions a tiny difference between French and German Height : 62.027 points Didot = 23.30 millimetres ( 0.917 in ) = English height 62.666 points Didot = 23.55 millimetres ( 0.927 in ) = French height 62.685 points Didot = 23.56 millimetres ( 0.928 in ) = German height 66.047 points Didot = 24.85 millimetres ( 0.978 in ) = Dutch Height Tiny differences in type - height will cause quite bold images of characters . Typesetting ( edit ) A case of cast metal type pieces and typeset matter in a composing stick Main articles : Typesetting and Type case Modern , factory - produced movable type was available in the late 19th century . It was held in the printing shop in a job case , a drawer about 2 inches high , a yard wide , and about two feet deep , with many small compartments for the various letters and ligatures . The most popular and accepted of the job case designs in America was the California Job Case , which took its name from the Pacific coast location of the foundries that made the case popular . Traditionally , the capital letters were stored in a separate drawer or case that was located above the case that held the other letters ; this is why capital letters are called `` upper case '' characters while the non-capitals are `` lower case '' . Compartments also held spacers , which are blocks of blank type used to separate words and fill out a line of type , such as em and en quads ( quadrats , or spaces . A quadrat is a block of type whose face is lower than the printing letters so that it does not itself print . ) . An em space was the width of a capital letter `` M '' -- as wide as it was high -- while an en space referred to a space half the width of its height ( usually the dimensions for a capital `` N '' ) . Individual letters are assembled into words and lines of text with the aid of a composing stick , and the whole assembly is tightly bound together to make up a page image called a forme , where all letter faces are exactly the same height to form a flat surface of type . The forme is mounted on a printing press , a thin coating of viscous ink is applied and impressions made on paper under great pressure in the press . `` Sorts '' is the term given to special characters not freely available in the typical type case , such as the `` @ '' mark . Metal type combined with other methods ( edit ) Ceramic type from the collections of University of Reading . Sometimes it is erroneously stated that printing with metal type replaced the earlier methods . In the industrial era printing methods would be chosen to suit the purpose . For example , when printing large scale letters in posters etc. the metal type would have proved too heavy and economically unviable . Thus , large scale type was made as carved wood blocks as well as ceramics plates . Also in many cases where large scale text was required , it was simpler to hand the job to a sign painter than a printer . Images could be printed together with movable type if they were made as woodcuts or wood engravings as long as the blocks were made to the same type height . If intaglio methods , such as copper plates , were used for the images , then images and the text would have required separate print runs on different machines . See also ( edit ) History of printing in East Asia History of Western typography Letterpress printing Odhecaton -- the first sheet music printed with movable type Spread of European movable type printing Type foundry Typesetting References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Needham , Joseph ( 1994 ) . The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China , Volume 4 . Cambridge University Press . p. 14 . ISBN 9780521329958 . Bi Sheng ... who first devised , about 1045 , the art of printing with movable type Jump up ^ He , Zhou ( 1994 ) . `` Diffusion of Movable Type in China and Europe : Why Were There Two Fates ? '' . International Communication Gazette. 53 ( 3 ) : 153 -- 173 . doi : 10.1177 / 001654929405300301 . Jump up ^ Beckwith , Christopher I. ( 2009 ) . Empires of the Silk Road : A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present . Princeton University Press . ISBN 978 - 0 - 691 - 15034 - 5 . Jump up ^ Encyclopædia Britannica . Retrieved November 27 , 2006 , from Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite DVD -- entry `` printing '' Jump up ^ Eisenstein , Elizabeth L. , The Printing Revolution in Early Modern Europe , Cambridge University Press , 1983 Jump up ^ Clair , Kate ; Busic - Snyder , Cynthia ( 2012 ) . A Typographic Workbook : A Primer to History , Techniques , and Artistry . John Wiley & Sons . p. 4 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 118 - 39988 - 0 . Jump up ^ Sass , Benjamin ; Marzahn , Joachim ( 2010 ) . Aramaic and Figural Stamp Impressions on Bricks of the Sixth Century B.C. from Babylon . Harrassowitz Verlag . pp. 11 , 20 , 160 . ISBN 978 - 3 - 447 - 06184 - 1 . `` the latter has cuneiform signs that look as if made with a movable type , and impressions from Assur display the same phenomenon Jump up ^ Herbert E. Brekle , `` Das typographische Prinzip '' , Gutenberg - Jahrbuch , Vol. 72 ( 1997 ) , pp. 58 -- 63 ( 60f . ) Jump up ^ Hogan , C. Michael ( 29 December 2007 ) . `` Knossos Fieldnotes '' . The Modern Antiquarian . Retrieved 2012 - 08 - 15 . Jump up ^ Alberge , Dalya ( 2008 - 07 - 12 ) . `` Phaistos Disc declared as fake by scholar '' . Times Online . Retrieved 2008 - 09 - 01 . ^ Jump up to : Tsien , Tsuen - Hsuin ( 1985 ) . Paper and Printing . Needham , Joseph Science and Civilization in China . vol. 5 part 1 . Cambridge University Press . pp. 201 -- 217 . ISBN 0 - 521 - 08690 - 6 . ; also published in Taipei : Caves Books , Ltd. , 1986 . ^ Jump up to : Man , John ( 2002 ) . The Gutenberg Revolution : The story of a genius that changed the world . London : Headline Book Publishing . ISBN 0 - 7472 - 4504 - 5 . A detailed examination of Gutenberg 's life and invention , interwoven with the underlying social and religious upheaval of Medieval Europe on the eve of the Renaissance . ^ Jump up to : Xu Yinong , Moveable Type Books ( 徐憶農 《 活字 本 》 ) ISBN 7 - 80643 - 795 - 9 Jump up ^ Sohn , Pow - Key ( 1959 ) . `` Early Korean Printing '' . Journal of the American Oriental Society . 79 ( 2 ) : 96 -- 103 . doi : 10.2307 / 595851 . JSTOR 595851 . ^ Jump up to : Pan Jixing , A history of movable metal type printing technique in China 2001 Jump up ^ Shen Kuo . Dream Pool Essays . Jump up ^ Zhang Yuzhen ( 張玉珍 ) ( 2003 ) . `` 世界 上 現存 最早 的 木 活字 印本 -- 宁夏 贺兰山 方 塔 出土 西夏 文 佛經 《 吉祥 遍 至 口 和 本 讀 》 介紹 '' ( The world 's oldest extant book printed with wooden movable type ) . Library and Information ( 《 書 與 情报 》 ) ( 1 ) . ISSN 1003 - 6938 . Archived from the original on 2012 - 04 - 02 . Jump up ^ Hou Jianmei ( 侯 健美 ) ; Tong Shuquan ( 童曙泉 ) ( 20 December 2004 ) . `` 《 大 夏 寻 踪 》 今 展 國博 '' ( ' In the Footsteps of the Great Xia ' now exhibiting at the National Museum ) . Beijing Daily ( 《 北京 日报 》 ) . Jump up ^ 韩国 剽窃 活字 印刷 发明 权 只是 第 一 步 Jump up ^ A History of Moveable Type Printing in China , by Pan Jixing , Professor of the Institute for History of Science , Academy of Science , Beijing , China , English Abstract , p. 273 . Jump up ^ Wang Zhen ( 1298 ) . Zao Huozi Yinshufa ( 《 造 活字 印 書法 》 ) . 近世 又 铸 锡 作 字 , 以 铁 条 贯 之 ( rendering : In the modern times , there 's melten Tin Movable type , and linked them with iron bar ) ^ Jump up to : Chinese Paper and Printing , A Cultural History , by Tsien , Tsuen - Hsuin ^ Jump up to : Thomas Christensen ( 2007 ) . `` Did East Asian Printing Traditions Influence the European Renaissance ? '' . Arts of Asia Magazine ( to appear ) . Retrieved 2006 - 10 - 18 . Jump up ^ Sohn , Pow - Key ( Summer 1993 ) . `` Printing Since the 8th Century in Korea '' . Koreana. 7 ( 2 ) : 4 -- 9 . Jump up ^ Twyman , Michael ( 1998 ) . The British Library Guide to Printing : History and Techniques . London : The British Library . p. 21 . Jump up ^ World Treasures of the Library of Congress . Retrieved 26 December 2006 . Jump up ^ Briggs , Asa and Burke , Peter ( 2002 ) A Social History of the Media : from Gutenberg to the Internet , Polity , Cambridge , pp. 15 -- 23 , 61 -- 73 . ^ Jump up to : Burke ^ Jump up to : von Polenz , Peter ( 1991 ) . Deutsche Sprachgeschichte vom Spätmittelalter bis zur Gegenwart : I. Einführung , Grundbegriffe , Deutsch in der frühbürgerlichen Zeit ( in German ) . New York / Berlin : Walter de Gruyter GmbH . Jump up ^ Juan González de Mendoza ( 1585 ) . Historia de las cosas más notables , ritos y costumbres del gran reyno de la China ( in Spanish ) . Jump up ^ Thomas Franklin Carter , The Invention of Printing in China and its Spread Westward , The Ronald Press , NY 2nd ed. 1955 , pp. 176 -- 178 Jump up ^ `` Incunabula Short Title Catalogue '' . British Library . Retrieved 2 March 2011 . Jump up ^ Buringh , Eltjo ; van Zanden , Jan Luiten ( 2009 ) . `` Charting the ' Rise of the West ' : Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe , A Long - Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries '' . The Journal of Economic History . 69 ( 2 ) : 409 -- 445 . JSTOR 40263962 p. 417 , table 2 . Jump up ^ Agüera y Arcas , Blaise ; Paul Needham ( November 2002 ) . `` Computational analytical bibliography '' . Proceedings Bibliopolis Conference The future history of the book . The Hague ( Netherlands ) : Koninklijke Bibliotheek . Jump up ^ `` What Did Gutenberg Invent ? -- Discovery '' . BBC / Open University . 2006 . Retrieved 2006 - 10 - 25 . Jump up ^ Adams , James L. ( 1991 ) . Flying Buttresses , Entropy and O - Rings : the World of an Engineer . Harvard University Press . Jump up ^ `` Answers.com page on antimony '' . McGraw - Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology . McGraw - Hill . 2005 - 01 - 01 . Retrieved 2009 - 06 - 30 . Jump up ^ Blankenstein A.H.G. , Wetser Ad : Zetten , uitgebreide leerstof , deel 1 , p. 26 , Edecea , Hoorn , The Netherlands , 5th edition , ( ~ 1952 ) Jump up ^ National Amateur Press Association , Monthly Bundle Sample , Campane 194 , The California Typecase by Lewis A. Pryor ( Edited ) Jump up ^ Glossary of Typesetting Terms , by Richard Eckersley , Charles Ellerston , Richard Hendel , Page 18 Jump up ^ Meggs , Philip B. , Purvis , Alston W. `` Graphic Design and the Industrial Revolution '' History of Graphic Design . Hoboken , N.J : Wiley , 2006 . p. 139 . Further Reading ( edit ) Nesbitt , Alexander . The History and Technique of Lettering ( c ) 1957 , Dover Publications , Inc . ISBN 0 - 486 - 40281 - 9 , Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number : 57 - 13116 . The Dover edition is an abridged and corrected republication of the work originally published in 1950 by Prentice - Hall , Inc. under the title Lettering : The History and Technique of Lettering as Design . The classic manual of hand - press technology is Moxon , Joseph ( 1683 -- 84 ) . `` Mechanick Exercises on the Whole Art of Printing '' ( ed . Herbert Davies & Harry Carter . New York : Dover Publications , 1962 , reprint ed . ) . External links ( edit ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Printing letters . International Printing Museum Web site Typography terminology Page Canons of page construction Column Even working Margin Page numbering Pagination Pull quote Recto and verso Paragraph Alignment Justification Leading River Sentence spacing Widows and orphans Character Typeface anatomy Counter Diacritics Dingbat Glyph Initial Kerning Letter - spacing Ligature Subscript and superscript Swash Text figures Tittle Capitalization ALL CAPS Camel case Letter case Petite caps Small caps Visual distinction Italics Oblique Bold Color Underline Blackboard bold Blackletter Infɑnt Vertical aspects Ascender Baseline Cap height Descender Median Overshoot x-height Classifications Roman type Antiqua ( old style ) Didone ( modern ) Sans - serif Script Serif Slab serif Transitional Reverse - contrast Blackletter type Fraktur Rotunda Schwabacher Textualis Gaelic type Insular Uncial Specialist Record type Punctuation Dashes Hanging punctuation Hyphen - minus Hyphenation Prime mark Quotation mark Typesetting Calligraphy etaoin shrdlu Font computer monospaced Font catalog Letterpress Lorem ipsum Microtypography Movable type Pangram Phototypesetting Punchcutting Type color Type design Typeface Microprint list Typographic units Agate Cicero Em En Figure space Measure Paren space Pica Point traditional point - size names Thin space Digital typography Character encoding Font formats Hinting Rasterization Typesetting software Typographic features Web typography Related Intentionally blank page Style guide Type foundry Commons Portal Letterpress printing History of printing Printer Ways to make impressions Movable type Type casting Type metal Punchcutter Matrix Blocks and plates Stereotype Logographic printing Wood engraving Electrotype Zinc etching Typesetting Manual typesetting Type case Composing stick Sort Slug Strut Reglet Furniture Leading Quoin Chase Forme Hellbox Hot metal typesetting Linotype machine Monotype System Ludlow Typograph Intertype Machine Paige Compositor Printing press Parts of a press Platen Frisket Tympan Bed Inking Offset ink Ink ball Composition roller Types of presses Hand press Stanhope Columbian Albion Jobbing press Golding & Company Chandler & Price Colt 's Armory Cylinder press Rotary press Other equipment Folding machine Paper cutter Addressograph Related arts Typography Bookbinding Printmaking Papermaking NDL : 00565235 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Movable_type&oldid=822313390 '' Categories : Book arts Chinese inventions Typography Relief printing History of printing Hidden categories : CS1 German - language sources ( de ) CS1 Spanish - language sources ( es ) All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from June 2016 Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2012 Commons category without a link on Wikidata Talk Contents About Wikipedia Bân - lâm - gú Esperanto فارسی 한국어 Italiano Magyar 日本 語 Русский Тоҷикӣ Winaray 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 25 January 2018 , at 17 : 37 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: who is often associated with printing the first book using moveable type in germany


Traveling Wilburys - Wikipedia Traveling Wilburys Jump to : navigation , search The Traveling Wilburys The Traveling Wilburys in May 1988 ( top : Jeff Lynne , Tom Petty ; bottom : Roy Orbison , Bob Dylan , George Harrison ) Background information Origin Malibu , California Genres Folk rock , country rock , roots rock Years active 1988 ( 1988 ) -- 1991 ( 1991 ) Labels Wilbury Associated acts The Beatles , Electric Light Orchestra , Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers Website www.travelingwilburys.com Past members George Harrison Jeff Lynne Tom Petty Bob Dylan Roy Orbison The Traveling Wilburys ( sometimes shortened to the Wilburys ) were a British - American supergroup consisting of Bob Dylan , George Harrison , Jeff Lynne , Roy Orbison , and Tom Petty . The band recorded two albums , the first in 1988 and the second in 1990 , though Orbison died before the second was recorded . The project 's work received much anticipation given the diverse nature of the singer - songwriters . Their debut album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 proved an enduring critical success , in 1989 and 1990 winning accolades such as a Grammy for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 1.1 Background 1.2 1988 -- 91 1.2. 1 `` Handle with Care '' and band formation 1.2. 2 Debut album 1.2. 3 Orbison 's death , `` Nobody 's Child '' and Vol. 3 1.3 After the Wilburys 2 Legacy and influence 3 Catalogue reissue and Genesis Publications book 4 Line - ups 5 Discography 5.1 Studio albums 5.2 Box sets 5.3 Singles 5.4 Other charted songs 5.5 Collaborations between members 6 Notes 7 References 8 Sources 9 External links History ( edit ) Background ( edit ) None of this would 've happened without him . It was George 's band -- it was always George 's band and it was a dream he had for a long time . -- Tom Petty George Harrison first mentioned the Traveling Wilburys publicly during a radio interview with Bob Coburn on the show Rockline in February 1988 . When asked how he planned to follow up the success of his Cloud Nine album , Harrison replied : `` What I 'd really like to do next is ... to do an album with me and some of my mates ... It 's this new group I got ( in mind ) : it 's called the Traveling Wilburys , I 'd like to do an album with them and then later we can all do our own albums again . '' According to Jeff Lynne , who co-produced Cloud Nine , Harrison introduced the idea of the two of them starting a band together around two months into the sessions for his album , which began in early January 1987 . When discussing who the other members might be , Harrison chose Bob Dylan and Lynne opted for Roy Orbison . The term `` Wilbury '' also originated during the Cloud Nine sessions . Referring to recording errors created by faulty equipment , Harrison jokingly remarked to Lynne , `` We 'll bury ' em in the mix . '' Thereafter , they used the term for any small error in performance . Harrison first suggested `` the Trembling Wilburys '' as the group 's name ; at Lynne 's suggestion , they amended it to `` Traveling Wilburys '' . During his Rockline interview , Harrison voiced his support for Dylan , at a time when the latter was experiencing an artistic and commercial low point in his career . Harrison and Lynne became friends with Tom Petty in October 1987 , when Petty and his band , the Heartbreakers , toured Europe as Dylan 's backing group . The friendship continued in Los Angeles later that year . There , Harrison struck up a musical rapport with Petty based on their shared love of 1950s rock ' n ' roll , and Lynne began collaborating with Petty on what became the latter 's debut solo album , Full Moon Fever , and writing songs with Orbison , Lynne 's longtime musical hero , for his comeback album , Mystery Girl . According to Petty , Harrison 's dream for the Wilburys was to handpick the participants and create `` the perfect little band '' , but the criteria for inclusion was governed most by `` who you could hang out with '' . The five musicians also bonded over a shared appreciation of the English comedy troupe Monty Python . Harrison , who had worked with the members of Monty Python on various productions by his company HandMade Films since the late 1970s , particularly appreciated Orbison 's gift for impersonation and his ability to recite entire sketches by the troupe . 1988 -- 91 ( edit ) `` Handle with Care '' and band formation ( edit ) The band came together in April 1988 , when Harrison was in Los Angeles to oversee the filming of his HandMade production Checking Out . At that time , Warner Bros. Records asked Harrison for a new song to serve as the B - side for the European release of his third single from Cloud Nine , `` This Is Love '' . During a meal with Lynne and Orbison , Harrison asked Lynne to help him record the track and invited Orbison to attend the session , which he then arranged to take place at Dylan 's garage studio in Malibu since no professional studios were available at such short notice . Petty 's involvement came about when Harrison went to retrieve his guitar from Petty 's house and invited him to attend also . Working on a song that Harrison had recently started writing , the ensemble completed the track , which they titled `` Handle with Care '' after a label on a box in Dylan 's garage . When Harrison presented the recording to Warner Bros. , the executives insisted that the song was too good to be used as `` filler '' on a European single . In Petty 's recollection , Harrison and Lynne then decided to realise their idea of forming a Wilburys band , and first invited him to join before phoning Dylan , who also agreed to join . That night , Harrison , Lynne and Petty drove to Anaheim to see Orbison perform at the Celebrity Theatre and recruited him for the group shortly before he went on stage . In Petty 's description , Orbison performed an `` unbelievable show '' , during which `` we 'd punch each other and go , ' He 's in our band , too . ' ... We were all so excited . '' Debut album ( edit ) From my point of view , I just tried to preserve our relationship . I worked so hard to make sure that all the guys who were in that band , and consequently on record and film , that their friendship was n't abused . Just to preserve our friendship -- that was the underlying contribution , I think , that I was trying to do . -- George Harrison The band members decided to create a full album together , Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 . Video footage of the creative process was partly shot by British photographer NJ Latham and later edited by Harrison . The album was recorded primarily over a ten - day period in May 1988 to allow for Dylan 's limited availability as he prepared for his upcoming US tour . These sessions were held in the house of Eurythmics member Dave Stewart , in Los Angeles . The five band members sat in a circle playing acoustic guitars in Stewart 's kitchen ; once each song 's basic track had been written and recorded there ( with accompaniment from a drum machine ) , the group recorded their vocals in another room , usually after dinner each night . Petty recalled that , as a friend but also an avowed fan of Dylan 's , Harrison felt the need to clear the air on the first day by saying to him : `` We know that you 're Bob Dylan and everything , but we 're going to just treat you and talk to you like we would anybody else . '' Dylan replied : `` Well , great . Believe it or not , I 'm in awe of you guys , and it 's the same for me . '' While most of the songs had a primary composer , all of the band members were creative equals . Petty later described Harrison as the Wilburys ' `` leader and manager '' , and credited him with being a bandleader and producer that had a natural instinct for bringing out the best in people and keeping a recording session productive . As the group 's producers , Harrison and Lynne directed the sessions , with Harrison often auditioning each member to decide who should sing a particular lead vocal part . The two producers then flew back to England ; Lynne recalls that , throughout the flight , he and Harrison enthused about how to turn the sparse , acoustic - based tracks into completed recordings . Overdubs and further recording took place at Harrison 's studio , FPSHOT , with `` Sideburys '' Jim Keltner ( drums ) , Jim Horn ( saxophones ) and Ray Cooper ( percussion ) . Harrison described the band 's sound as `` skiffle for the 1990s '' . The album was released on 18 October 1988 . Distributed by Warner Bros. , it appeared on the new Wilbury record label rather than on Harrison 's Dark Horse label , in the interests of maintaining the group identity . Over the months following the end of recording in the summer , contractual issues had been successfully negotiated between Warner 's and the record companies representing Dylan , Petty , Lynne and Orbison . As was the case in 1971 when EMI prepared Harrison 's multi-artist live album from the Concert for Bangladesh for release , Columbia , Dylan 's label , presented the main stumbling block . In the album credits , the `` Wilburys '' joke was extended further , with the band members listed under various pseudonyms and pretending to be half - brothers -- sons of a fictional Charles Truscott Wilbury , Sr. During promotion for the album , Orbison played along with the mock history , saying : `` Some people say Daddy was a cad and a bounder , but I remember him as a Baptist minister . '' Vol. 1 was a critical and commercial success , and revitalised the careers of Dylan , Orbison and Petty . As Harrison had intended , the album defied contemporary musical trends such as hip hop , acid house and synthesised pop ; author Alan Clayson likens its release to `` a Viking longship docking in a hovercraft terminal '' . The album produced two successful singles and went on to achieve triple - platinum certification for sales in the United States . It was nominated for several awards and won the 1990 Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group . Liner notes on the album cover were written by Monty Python 's Michael Palin under a pseudonym . Palin 's essay was based on an idea by Derek Taylor , who wrote an extensive fictional history of the Wilburys family that otherwise went unused . Harrison planned a feature film about the band , to be produced by HandMade and directed by David Leland , but contractual problems ended the project . Orbison 's death , `` Nobody 's Child '' and Vol. 3 ( edit ) Roy Orbison died of a heart attack on 6 December 1988 . In tribute to him , the music video for the band 's second single , `` End of the Line '' , shows Orbison 's guitar rocking in a chair as the rest of the group play . Although there was speculation in the press that Del Shannon or Roger McGuinn might join the Wilburys , the remaining members never considered replacing Orbison . Lynne later said : `` We 'd become this unit , we were all good pals ... We always knew we were going to do another one , and now it 's just the four of us . '' In March 1990 , Harrison , Lynne , Petty and Dylan reunited to work on a second Wilburys album , which they intentionally misnumbered Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 . It was preceded by a non-album single , a cover of `` Nobody 's Child '' , which the band recorded for Olivia Harrison 's Romanian Angel Appeal charity project . The duration of the main album sessions was again dictated by Dylan 's touring schedule and limited availability . Having asked Dylan to record a lead vocal for all the songs before his departure , Harrison was then loath to replace many of the parts , resulting in a greater prominence for Dylan as a lead singer . Although he ceded his own role as a lead vocalist to Dylan and to Petty , Harrison took over more of the production and contributed more prominently as a lead guitarist than before . Petty described the album as `` a little more rough and ready , a bit more raucous '' than Vol. 1 , while Dylan said the new songs were more developed as compositions relative to the `` scraped up from jam tapes '' approach to the band 's debut . Vol. 3 was released on 29 October 1990 . It was dedicated to Orbison , as `` Lefty Wilbury '' , the pseudonym that Orbison had used in 1988 in honour of his hero Lefty Frizzell . The album met with less success than the previous one . According to Warner Bros. head Mo Ostin , the choice of album title came about through `` George being George '' ; apparently Harrison was making a wry reference to the appearance of a bootleg that served as a sort of Volume 2 . The album 's liner notes were written by Eric Idle , another Python member , who again adopted a pseudonym . For the band 's final single , `` Wilbury Twist '' , they filmed a video in which Idle , John Candy and other comedic actors attempt to master the song 's eponymous dance style . The clip was filmed in Los Angeles and completed on 28 February 1991 . After the Wilburys ( edit ) According to Jim Keltner , the Wilburys ' drummer , the decision on the group 's future after Vol. 3 lay with Harrison . Keltner said that from his conversations with Lynne , Petty and Dylan , they were all keen to reunite , whereas Harrison wavered in his enthusiasm . While Harrison was against the idea of touring , Petty recalled : `` I kept getting down on my knees in front of George , saying , ' Please , it 's so much money ! '' After his 1991 tour of Japan -- his first series of concerts since 1974 -- Harrison spoke of a possible Traveling Wilburys tour : That would be something I 'd like to experience . I 've always played around in my own mind what a Wilburys tour could be . Would each person do a solo set and then do Wilburys at the end , or would we all go right on from beginning to end and make everything Wilburys ? It 's an intriguing thought . We could have a great band up there and the four of us could play acoustic if we wanted to . We could all sing `` Blowin ' in the Wind '' and Bob could sing `` Something '' . Or we could just sing our individual songs and make them Wilbury tunes , as if we 'd recorded them that way . Whatever it was , we could do it . The Wilburys tour never came about . Petty said about the Wilburys touring : I think it would work , if we wanted to do it . I do n't think we ever considered it , really . There were a lot of nights when the conversation would roll around to that . But I do n't think anybody ever took it seriously . I think it would ruin it in a way . Then you 're obligated to be responsible and it 's not in the character of that group . It would make it very formal and that would be the wrong spirit . Legacy and influence ( edit ) One of the most amazing things ever about the Wilburys was this poles - apart thing of Roy ( Orbison ) and Bob Dylan . That 's what I thought was wonderful -- the best singer and the best lyricist , and they 're both in the same group . -- Jeff Lynne In the Rolling Stone Press book The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll , the Traveling Wilburys are described as `` the ultimate supergroup '' , with a line - up that represented four eras of rock music history and included `` three indisputable gods '' in Dylan , Harrison and Orbison . The editors also recognise the band as `` the antithesis of a supergroup '' , however , due to the musicians ' adoption of fraternal alter egos and the humour inherent in the project . AllMusic managing editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine has similarly written : `` It 's impossible to picture a supergroup with a stronger pedigree than that ( all that 's missing is a Rolling Stone ) , but in another sense it 's hard to call the Wilburys a true supergroup , since they arrived nearly two decades after the all - star craze of the ' 70s peaked , and they never had the self - important air of nearly all the other supergroups . That , of course , was the key to their charm ... '' Speaking to music journalist Paul Zollo in 2004 , Petty agreed that humour and self - effacement had been key factors in the Wilburys ' success , adding : `` We wanted to make something good in a world that seemed to get uglier and uglier and meaner and meaner ... And I 'm really proud that I was part of it . Because I do think that it brought a little sunshine into the world . '' Harrison said the project was an opportunity to `` put a finger up to the rules '' by challenging the norms associated with the music industry . Discussing the Wilburys in Peter Bogdanovich 's 2007 documentary Runnin ' Down a Dream , Petty said that one of the strengths behind the concept was that it was free of any intervention from record company , management or marketing concerns , and instead developed naturally from a spirit of co-operation and mutual admiration among five established artists . Author Simon Leng recognises the venture as primarily a channel through which Harrison and Dylan could escape the restrictions of their serious media images , but also , in its guise as a `` phantom band '' , a development by Harrison of the Rutles ' satirical approach to the Beatles ' legacy , in this case by `` de-mythologizing '' rock history . Inspired by the Traveling Wilburys ' success and particularly its benefit to Petty and Orbison as artists , Warner 's executive and staff producer Lenny Waronker encouraged American guitarist Ry Cooder to form the band Little Village . The group , comprising Cooder , Keltner , John Hiatt and Nick Lowe , released a self - titled album in 1992 . Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune described the Notting Hillbillies ' Missing ... Presumed Having a Good Time as a Traveling Wilburys - type side project for Mark Knopfler of Dire Straits . Writing in New York magazine in late 1990 , Elizabeth Wurtzel cited the Notting Hillbillies ' album and the self - titled debut by Hindu Love Gods ( a band consisting of Warren Zevon and members of R.E.M. ) as examples of a trend whereby , following the Wilburys ' Vol. 1 , `` more and more albums seem to be the rock - and - roll equivalents of bowling night . '' Writing in The Encyclopedia of Popular Music , Colin Larkin cites the Wilburys ' contemporary skiffle as evidence of Lonnie Donegan 's continued influence on popular music long after the early 1960s . In his book Lonnie Donegan and the Birth of British Rock & Roll , Patrick Humphries describes the Wilburys as `` a makeshift quintet whose roots were firmly and joyously planted in low - key , low - tech skiffle music '' . He credits the band with inspiring a brief revival of Donegan 's `` DIY skiffle '' , which included Knopfler 's Notting Hillbillies . Catalogue reissue and Genesis Publications book ( edit ) The whole experience was some of the best days of my life , really , and I think it probably was for us all ... The thing I guess would be hardest for people to understand is what good friends we were . It really had very little to do with combining a bunch of famous people . It was a bunch of friends that just happened to be really good at making music . -- Tom Petty in The True History of the Traveling Wilburys In the late 1990s and early 2000s , the two Traveling Wilburys albums had limited availability and were out of print in most areas . Harrison , as primary holder of the rights , did not reissue them before his death . In June 2007 , the two albums were reissued as The Traveling Wilburys Collection , a box set including both albums on CD ( with bonus tracks ) and a DVD featuring a 25 - minute documentary titled The True History of the Traveling Wilburys and a collection of music videos . The box set was released in three editions ; the standard edition , with both CDs and DVD in a double Digipak package and a 16 - page booklet ; a `` deluxe '' boxed edition with the CDs and DVD and an extensive 40 - page booklet , artist postcards , and photographs ; or a `` deluxe '' boxed edition on vinyl . This version omits the DVD , but adds a 12 - inch vinyl disc with rare versions of the songs . The release debuted at number 1 in the UK and Australia , and in other countries . On the US Billboard 200 it reached number 9 . The collection sold 500,000 copies worldwide during the first three weeks and remained in the UK top 5 for seven weeks after its release . In November 2009 , Genesis Publications , a company with which Harrison had been associated since the late 1970s , announced the release of a limited edition fine - bound book titled The Traveling Wilburys . Compiled by Olivia Harrison , the book includes rare photographs , recording notes , handwritten lyrics , sketches , and first - hand commentary on the band 's history , together with a foreword by Lynne . Petty , Lynne , Olivia Harrison , Barbara Orbison , Keltner and Idle were among those who attended the US launch at a Beverly Hills bookshop in March 2010 . In an interview to publicise the book , Lynne expressed his sadness at the deaths of Harrison and Orbison , and reflected : `` The Wilburys was such a wonderful band , such a marvellous thing to be part of . They were the best people I could ever wish to work with . Every day was like , ' Wow ! ' ... it was fun from day one . '' Line - ups ( edit ) Volume 1 `` Nelson Wilbury '' -- George Harrison `` Otis Wilbury '' -- Jeff Lynne `` Lefty Wilbury '' -- Roy Orbison `` Charlie T. Wilbury , Jr . '' -- Tom Petty `` Lucky Wilbury '' -- Bob Dylan Volume 3 `` Spike Wilbury '' -- George Harrison `` Clayton Wilbury '' -- Jeff Lynne `` Muddy Wilbury '' -- Tom Petty `` Boo Wilbury '' -- Bob Dylan Jim Keltner , the session drummer and percussionist , was not listed as a Wilbury on either album . However , he is seen in all of the group 's music videos , and on the DVD released in 2007 , he is given the nickname `` Buster Sidebury '' . Overdubs to the bonus tracks `` Maxine '' and `` Like a Ship '' also credited as `` Ayrton Wilbury '' , a pseudonym for Dhani Harrison . The name Ayrton was used in honour of F1 racer Ayrton Senna . Jim Horn played saxophone on both albums . The lead guitar on the Volume 3 song `` She 's My Baby '' was played by rock guitarist Gary Moore ( `` Ken Wilbury '' ) . Discography ( edit ) Studio albums ( edit ) Title Details Peak chart positions Certifications ( sales threshold ) US AUS AUT NOR NZ SWE SWI UK Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 Release date : 18 October 1988 Label : Wilbury Records Formats : CD , vinyl , cassette 6 16 CAN : 6 × Platinum UK : Silver US : 3 × Platinum Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 Release date : 29 October 1990 Label : Wilbury Records Formats : CD , vinyl , cassette 11 14 22 19 5 18 14 CAN : Platinum UK : Platinum US : Platinum The Traveling Wilburys contributed the title track , `` Nobody 's Child '' , to the Romanian Angel Appeal benefit album Nobody 's Child : Romanian Angel Appeal , released on 24 July 1990 . Harrison appeared as Nelson Wilbury on Warner Bros. Records ' 1988 holiday promo album Winter Warnerland ( which also included Paul Reubens as `` Pee Wee Wilbury '' ) . In his capacity as producer , Harrison credited himself as `` Spike and Nelson Wilbury '' on his 1992 live album Live in Japan . The same year , the Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers single `` Christmas All Over Again '' contained a greeting that read `` Merry Christmas from Nelson and Pee Wee Wilbury . '' Box sets ( edit ) Title Details Peak chart positions Certifications ( sales threshold ) US AUS AUT NOR NZ SWE SWI UK The Traveling Wilburys Collection Release date : 11 June 2007 Label : Wilbury Records Formats : CD , vinyl , music download 9 24 45 AUS : 2 × Platinum UK : Platinum US : Gold Singles ( edit ) Year Single Peak chart positions Album US US Main US AC AUS CAN NZ UK 1988 `` Handle with Care '' 45 30 -- 21 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 1989 `` End of the Line '' 63 28 12 -- 11 52 1990 `` Nobody 's Child '' -- -- -- -- -- 9 44 Nobody 's Child : Romanian Angel Appeal `` She 's My Baby '' -- -- 45 30 -- 79 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 1991 `` Wilbury Twist '' -- 46 -- -- 86 -- -- `` -- '' denotes releases that did not chart Other charted songs ( edit ) Year Single Peak chart positions Album US Main CAN 1988 `` Last Night '' 5 -- Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 1989 `` Tweeter and the Monkey Man '' 41 -- `` Heading for the Light '' 7 -- 1990 `` Inside Out '' 16 50 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 `` -- '' denotes releases that did not chart Collaborations between members ( edit ) Year Project Artist Collaborators 1970 `` I 'd Have You Anytime '' Harrison Dylan 1970 New Morning sessions Dylan Harrison 1971 The Concert for Bangladesh Harrison Dylan 1985 Porky 's Revenge ! soundtrack Harrison covered Dylan 's `` I Do n't Want to Do It '' 1986 `` Band of the Hand '' from Band of the Hand Bob Dylan with The Heartbreakers Backup by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers `` Jammin ' Me '' Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Dylan 1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Various Dylan , Harrison & others sing `` All Along the Watchtower '' 1989 Mystery Girl Orbison Harrison , Lynne , Petty Full Moon Fever Petty Harrison , Lynne , Orbison `` Cheer Down '' Harrison Lynne , Petty 1990 Work It Out Jim Horn Harrison , Lynne , Petty Armchair Theatre Lynne Harrison , Petty Under the Red Sky Dylan Harrison A Tribute To John Lennon Various ( Ringo Starr ) Lynne , Petty 1991 Into the Great Wide Open Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Lynne Rock On ! Del Shannon Lynne , Petty 1992 The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration Dylan Harrison , Petty `` Christmas All Over Again '' Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Lynne King of Hearts Orbison 1995 `` Free as a Bird '' The Beatles `` Real Love '' Songs and Music from `` She 's the One '' Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Harrison 2001 Zoom Electric Light Orchestra 2002 Brainwashed Harrison Lynne Concert for George Various Lynne & Petty cover some of Harrison 's songs 2006 Highway Companion Petty Lynne 2012 Long Wave Lynne Lynne covered Orbison 's song `` Running Scared '' Notes ( edit ) Jump up ^ Harrison also stated his intention to form such a band in March 1988 , in response to a suggestion from television show host Michael Aspel that he should `` get a bunch of oldies together '' . Jump up ^ In music journalist Neil Staunton 's description , `` Harrison is acknowledged as the de facto chief Wilbury '' , while Lynne biographer John Van der Kiste describes the Wilburys as `` in effect George 's group '' . In a 2009 interview for Mojo , in response to Mat Snow 's question `` In a band of bandleaders , who was the alpha Wilbury ? '' , Petty said : `` Definitely George . It was his idea , his vision ... Yeah , he 'd only ever been in one band ( the Beatles ) . But he was the best bandleader I ever saw . He was really good at organising things , at knowing who was best at what , delegating what to do . He had a great passion for a band . '' Petty also recalled a subsequent discussion with Dylan when the pair were marvelling at the impact the Wilburys made and Dylan said : `` Well , George is really smart . He was in the Beatles , you know . '' Jump up ^ One of the record company executives reluctantly agreed , conceding that he did not want to be the person blocking the Wilburys venture and `` standing in the way of history being made '' . Jump up ^ According to Harrison 's neighbour and fellow musician Joe Brown , he identified the Wilburys as a skiffle band . Brown added : `` That track ' Rattled ' , that 's a real skiffle thrash - up ; it sounds like a washboard , but it 's Jim Keltner playing all the grilles on the fridge in George 's kitchen . '' Jump up ^ Carl Perkins , Robbie Robertson and Gene Pitney were among the other musicians rumoured to be the new fifth Wilbury . Jump up ^ For its inclusion in the 2007 box set The Traveling Wilburys Collection , the video was re-edited to favour footage of the group miming to the song , with only minimal footage of the guest actors . References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 22 : 49 and 22 : 57 . ^ Jump up to : Van der Kiste 2015 , p. 112 . Jump up ^ Interview excerpt from Bob Coburn 's Rockline radio show , February 1988 ^ Jump up to : Clayson 2003 , p. 419 . ^ Jump up to : `` Jeff Lynne : ' Bob Dylan Wanted To Call Us Roy & The Boys ' '' . Mojo. 4 November 2015 . Retrieved 6 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000 , p. 469 . Jump up ^ Zanes 2007 , p. 158 . ^ Jump up to : Ostin , Mo ( 2007 ) . `` The History of the Traveling Wilburys : Introduction '' . The Traveling Wilburys Collection ( CD booklet ) . Traveling Wilburys . Wilbury Records . pp. 2 -- 3 . ^ Jump up to : Heylin 2011 , p. 625 . Jump up ^ Sounes 2001 , pp. 384 -- 85 . Jump up ^ Zollo 2005 , pp. 111 -- 12 , 233 -- 34 . Jump up ^ Zanes 2007 , pp. 158 , 164 . Jump up ^ Zanes 2007 , pp. 157 , 158 , 164 . Jump up ^ Zollo 2005 , pp. 112 -- 14 , 233 -- 34 . Jump up ^ Van der Kiste 2015 , pp. 116 , 119 -- 20 . Jump up ^ Amburn 1990 , pp. 213 , 218 . Jump up ^ Romanowski & George - Warren 1995 , p. 730 . Jump up ^ Harrison 2011 , p. 355 . ^ Jump up to : `` The Traveling Wilburys -- Limited Edition Book '' . Genesis Publications . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Clayson 2003 , p. 418 . Jump up ^ Van der Kiste 2015 , p. 116 . ^ Jump up to : Madinger & Easter 2000 , p. 475 . Jump up ^ Badman 2001 , pp. 406 -- 07 . Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000 , pp. 470 , 475 . Jump up ^ Amburn 1990 , p. 218 . Jump up ^ Smax , Willy ( 2007 ) . The True History of the Traveling Wilburys ( DVD ) . Traveling Wilburys ; Willy Smax and Olivia Harrison ( producers ) . Archived from the original on 22 April 2008 . Jump up ^ Van der Kiste 2015 , pp. 112 -- 13 . ^ Jump up to : Zimmer , Dave ( 5 May 1989 ) . `` Tom Petty : Once In A Full Moon '' . BAM . Available at Rock 's Backpages ( subscription required ) . Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 22 : 57 and 23 : 21 . ^ Jump up to : Clayson 2003 , p. 421 . ^ Jump up to : Heylin 2011 , p. 626 . Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 2 : 40 and 3 : 00 . Jump up ^ Clayson 2003 , p. 420 . Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 3 : 40 and 4 : 08 . ^ Jump up to : Zanes 2007 , p. 164 . Jump up ^ Zollo 2005 , p. 122 . Jump up ^ The Editors of Rolling Stone 2002 , p. 224 . Jump up ^ Clayson 2003 , p. 422 . ^ Jump up to : Zollo 2005 , p. 124 . ^ Jump up to : Snow , Mat ( October 2009 ) . `` Tom Petty '' . Mojo . Available at Rock 's Backpages ( subscription required ) . Jump up ^ Staunton , Terry ( July 2007 ) . `` Traveling Wilburys -- The Traveling Wilburys Collection '' . Record Collector . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Van der Kiste 2015 , p. 114 . Jump up ^ Zollo 2005 , pp. 123 , 124 . Jump up ^ Simmons , Michael ( November 2011 ) . `` Cry for a Shadow '' . Mojo . p. 85 . Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 18 : 24 and 19 : 05 . Jump up ^ Huntley 2006 , p. 221 . Jump up ^ Badman 2001 , p. 414 . Jump up ^ `` Wilburys Streaming Event Honors Father 's Day '' . Georgeharrison.com . Archived from the original on 29 July 2013 . Retrieved 13 April 2012 . ^ Jump up to : Van der Kiste 2015 , p. 115 . Jump up ^ Amburn 1990 , p. 221 . ^ Jump up to : Erlewine , Stephen Thomas . `` The Traveling Wilburys The Traveling Wilburys , Vol. 1 '' . AllMusic . Retrieved 7 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Clayson 2003 , pp. 421 -- 22 . Jump up ^ Humphries 2012 , p. 261 . Jump up ^ The Editors of Rolling Stone 2002 , p. 207 . Jump up ^ Badman 2001 , p. 416 . ^ Jump up to : Clayson 2003 , p. 423 . ^ Jump up to : Van der Kiste 2015 , p. 124 . ^ Jump up to : Madinger & Easter 2000 , p. 478 . Jump up ^ Clayson 2003 , p. 424 . Jump up ^ Huntley 2006 , pp. 229 , 230 . Jump up ^ Leng 2006 , pp. 267 , 268 . Jump up ^ Zanes 2007 , p. 161 . Jump up ^ Badman 2001 , p. 453 . Jump up ^ Clayson 1989 , pp. 206 -- 07 . Jump up ^ Traveling Wilburys Volume 3 , 2002 Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000 , p. 480 . Jump up ^ Jacobson , Colin ( 21 June 2007 ) . `` The Traveling Wilburys Collection ( 2007 ) '' . DVD Movie Guide . Retrieved 12 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Huntley 2006 , p. 231 . Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 17 : 40 and 17 : 51 . Jump up ^ Romanowski & George - Warren 1995 , p. 1014 . Jump up ^ Zollo 2005 , p. 128 . Jump up ^ Leng 2006 , p. 260 . Jump up ^ Willman , Chris ( 23 February 1992 ) . `` Hey , Let 's Start a Band : For the fortysomething group of Ry Cooder , John Hiatt , Nick Lowe and Jim Keltner , the road to Little Village was n't the natural one '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 10 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Romanowski & George - Warren 1995 , pp. 209 , 441 . Jump up ^ Kot , Greg ( 29 March 1990 ) . `` Notting Hillbillies Missing ... Presumed Having a Good ... '' . Chicago Tribune . Retrieved 10 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Wurtzel , Elizabeth ( 3 December 1990 ) . `` A Good Time Was Had By All '' . New York . p. 155 . Retrieved 10 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Larkin 2011 , p. 746 . Jump up ^ Humphries 2012 , pp. 260 -- 61 . Jump up ^ Smax 2007 , event occurs between 22 : 06 and 22 : 34 . Jump up ^ `` Wilburys are UK album number one '' . BBC News . 17 June 2007 . Retrieved 13 November 2007 . Jump up ^ `` Top 50 Albums Chart -- Australian Record Industry Association '' . Retrieved 13 November 2007 . Jump up ^ Sutherland , Mark ( 30 June 2007 ) . `` Dad - Rock Debut '' . Billboard . p. 10 . Retrieved 11 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000 , p. 458 . ^ Jump up to : `` News : The Traveling Wilburys Limited - Edition Book From Genesis Publications '' . georgeharrison.com. 11 November 2009 . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Heathcote , Charlotte ( 21 March 2010 ) . `` Every day was like wow for Jeff Lynne '' . Daily Express . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . Jump up ^ Villarreal , Jose ( ed . ) ( 8 February 2010 ) . `` Genesis Publications Chronicles the Adventures of The Traveling Wilburys '' . ArtDaily . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) Jump up ^ THR staff / AP ( 5 March 2010 ) . `` ' Wilburys ' Event Attracts Headliners '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved 9 November 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Ayrton Wilbury nasceu do amor à música e à Fórmula 1 '' Archived 1 April 2014 at Archive.is . Luiz Augusto Lima . Retrieved 31 March 2014 . Jump up ^ Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 , George Harrison.com . Retrieved 31 March 2014 ^ Jump up to : `` The Traveling Wilburys Album & Song Chart History -- Billboard 200 '' . Billboard . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` australian-charts.com -- Australian charts portal '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` austriancharts.at -- Austria Top 40 '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` norwegiancharts.com -- Norwegian charts portal '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` chars.org.nz -- New Zealand charts portal '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` swedishcharts.com -- Swedish charts portal '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` Chart Stats -- Traveling Wilburys '' . chartstats.com . Archived from the original on 19 January 2013 . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` Canadian Recording Industry Association ( CRIA ) : Gold & Platinum '' . Canadian Recording Industry Association . Archived from the original on 30 April 2009 . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` British Phonographic Industry search results '' . British Phonographic Industry . Archived from the original on 24 September 2009 . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` RIAA -- Gold & Platinum -- March 4 , 2011 : The Traveling Wilburys certified awards '' . Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` RIAA -- Gold & Platinum -- March 4 , 2011 : Volume 3 certified awards '' . Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` ARIA Charts -- Accreditations -- 2007 Albums '' . ARIA Charts . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` RIAA -- Gold & Platinum -- March 4 , 2011 : The Traveling Wilburys Collection certified awards '' . Recording Industry Association of America . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` The Traveling Wilburys Album & Song Chart History -- Hot 100 '' . Billboard . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` The Traveling Wilburys -- Awards '' . AllMusic . Archived from the original on 3 July 2012 . Retrieved 12 November 2017 . Jump up ^ `` The Traveling Wilburys Album & Song Chart History -- Adult Contemporary '' . Billboard . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` australian-charts.com -- Australian charts portal '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` Results -- RPM -- Library and Archives Canada -- Top Singles '' . RPM . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` charts.org.nz -- New Zealand charts portal '' . Hung Medien . Retrieved 4 March 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Del Shannon Biography '' . Delshannon.com . Retrieved 13 April 2012 . Sources ( edit ) Amburn , Ellis ( 1990 ) . Dark Star : The Roy Orbison Story . New York , NY : Carol Publishing Group . ISBN 0 - 8184 - 0518 - X . Badman , Keith ( 2001 ) . The Beatles Diary Volume 2 : After the Break - Up 1970 -- 2001 . London : Omnibus Press . ISBN 978 - 0 - 7119 - 8307 - 6 . Clayson , Alan ( 1989 ) . Only the Lonely : Roy Orbison 's Life and Legacy . London : St. Martin 's Press . ISBN 0 - 312 - 03961 - 1 . Clayson , Alan ( 2003 ) . George Harrison . London : Sanctuary . ISBN 1 - 86074 - 489 - 3 . The Editors of Rolling Stone ( 2002 ) . Harrison . New York , NY : Rolling Stone Press . ISBN 978 - 0 - 7432 - 3581 - 5 . Harrison , Olivia ( 2011 ) . George Harrison : Living in the Material World . New York , NY : Abrams . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4197 - 0220 - 4 . Heylin , Clinton ( 2011 ) . Bob Dylan : Behind the Shades ( 20th Anniversary Edition ) . London : Faber and Faber . ISBN 978 - 0 - 571 - 27240 - 2 . Humphries , Patrick ( 2012 ) . Lonnie Donegan and the Birth of British Rock & Roll . London : Biteback Publishing . ISBN 978 - 1 - 849544764 . Huntley , Elliot J. ( 2006 ) . Mystical One : George Harrison -- After the Break - up of the Beatles . Toronto , ON : Guernica Editions . ISBN 1 - 55071 - 197 - 0 . Larkin , Colin ( ed . ) ( 2011 ) . The Encyclopedia of Popular Music ( 5th edn ) . London : Omnibus Press . ISBN 978 - 0 - 85712 - 595 - 8 . CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) Lehman , Peter ( 2010 ) . Roy Orbison : The Invention of an Alternative Rock Masculinity . Philadelphia , PA : Temple University Press . ISBN 978 - 1 - 439903896 . Leng , Simon ( 2006 ) . While My Guitar Gently Weeps : The Music of George Harrison . Milwaukee , WI : Hal Leonard . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4234 - 0609 - 9 . Madinger , Chip ; Easter , Mark ( 2000 ) . Eight Arms to Hold You : The Solo Beatles Compendium . Chesterfield , MO : 44.1 Productions . ISBN 0 - 615 - 11724 - 4 . Romanowski , Patricia ; George - Warren , Holly ( eds ) ( 1995 ) . The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll . New York , NY : Fireside / Rolling Stone Press . ISBN 0 - 684 - 81044 - 1 . CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) Smax , Willy ( dir . ) ( 2007 ) . The True History of the Traveling Wilburys ( DVD ) . Traveling Wilburys ; Willy Smax and Olivia Harrison ( producers ) . Wilbury Record Co . Sounes , Howard ( 2001 ) . Down the Highway : The Life of Bob Dylan . London : Doubleday . ISBN 0 - 385 - 60125 - 5 . Van der Kiste , John ( 2015 ) . Jeff Lynne : The Electric Light Orchestra , Before and After . Stroud , UK : Fonthill Media . ISBN 978 - 1 - 78155 - 492 - 0 . Zanes , Warren ( ed . ) ( 2007 ) . Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers : Runnin ' Down a Dream . San Francisco , CA : Chronicle Books . ISBN 978 - 0 - 8118 - 6201 - 1 . CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list ( link ) Zollo , Paul ( 2005 ) . Conversations with Tom Petty . New York , NY : Omnibus Press . ISBN 1 - 84449 - 815 - 8 . External links ( edit ) Book : Traveling Wilburys Official website Official book microsite ( with Wilburys photos , lyric sheets and quotes ) Traveling Wilburys Entry at VH1.com Traveling Wilburys Bob Dylan George Harrison Jeff Lynne Roy Orbison Tom Petty Studio albums Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 Compilations The Traveling Wilburys Collection Songs and singles `` Handle with Care '' `` Tweeter and the Monkey Man '' `` End of the Line '' `` Nobody 's Child '' `` She 's My Baby '' `` Inside Out '' `` Wilbury Twist '' Related Jim Keltner Dhani Harrison Full Moon Fever Book Category Bob Dylan Studio albums Bob Dylan The Freewheelin ' Bob Dylan The Times They Are a-Changin ' Another Side of Bob Dylan Bringing It All Back Home Highway 61 Revisited Blonde on Blonde John Wesley Harding Nashville Skyline Self Portrait New Morning Pat Garrett & Billy the Kid Dylan Planet Waves Blood on the Tracks The Basement Tapes Desire Street - Legal Slow Train Coming Saved Shot of Love Infidels Empire Burlesque Knocked Out Loaded Down in the Groove Oh Mercy Under the Red Sky Good as I Been to You World Gone Wrong Time Out of Mind Love and Theft Modern Times Together Through Life Christmas in the Heart Tempest Shadows in the Night Fallen Angels Triplicate Live albums Before the Flood Hard Rain Bob Dylan at Budokan Real Live Dylan & the Dead The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration MTV Unplugged Live 1961 -- 2000 : Thirty - Nine Years of Great Concert Performances Live at The Gaslight 1962 Live at Carnegie Hall 1963 In Concert -- Brandeis University 1963 The 1966 Live Recordings Compilations Bob Dylan 's Greatest Hits Bob Dylan 's Greatest Hits Vol. II Masterpieces Biograph Bob Dylan 's Greatest Hits Volume 3 The Best of Bob Dylan ( 1997 ) The Best of Bob Dylan , Vol. 2 The Essential Bob Dylan Bob Dylan : The Collection The Best of Bob Dylan ( 2005 ) Blues Dylan The Original Mono Recordings The 50th Anniversary Collection Bob Dylan : The Complete Album Collection Vol . One The 50th Anniversary Collection 1963 The 50th Anniversary Collection 1964 Bootlegs Great White Wonder List of Basement Tapes songs ( 1967 , 1975 ) The Bootleg Series Volumes 1 -- 3 ( Rare & Unreleased ) 1961 -- 1991 Volume 4 : The Royal Albert Hall concert Vol. 5 : Bob Dylan Live 1975 , The Rolling Thunder Revue Vol. 6 : Bob Dylan Live 1964 , Concert at Philharmonic Hall Vol. 7 : No Direction Home : The Soundtrack Vol. 8 : Tell Tale Signs : Rare and Unreleased 1989 -- 2006 Vol. 9 : The Witmark Demos : 1962 -- 1964 Vol. 10 : Another Self Portrait ( 1969 -- 1971 ) Vol. 11 : The Basement Tapes Complete Vol. 12 : The Cutting Edge 1965 -- 1966 Vol. 13 : Trouble No More 1979 -- 1981 Concert tours England Tour ( 1965 ) World Tour ( 1966 ) Tour with The Band ( 1974 ) Rolling Thunder Revue ( 1975 -- 1976 ) World Tour ( 1978 ) Gospel Tour ( 1979 -- 1980 ) World Tour ( 1981 ) European Tour ( 1984 ) True Confessions Tour ( 1986 ) Tour with the Grateful Dead ( 1987 ) Temples in Flames Tour ( 1987 ) Never Ending Tour 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 2001 2017 2018 Films Dont Look Back Eat the Document Renaldo and Clara Masked and Anonymous No Direction Home I 'm Not There 65 Revisited The Other Side of the Mirror : Bob Dylan Live at the Newport Folk Festival 1963 -- 1965 Writings Tarantula Writings and Drawings Chronicles : Volume One Books about Dylan The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia Bob Dylan , Performing Artist Invisible Republic The Cambridge Companion to Bob Dylan Related Discography Awards Bibliography Songs written by Dylan The Band Electric Dylan controversy Theme Time Radio Hour Traveling Wilburys Artists who have covered Dylan songs Chimes of Freedom ( album ) The Lost Notebooks of Hank Williams Lost on the River : The New Basement Tapes Suze Rotolo The Telegraph magazine Sara Dylan ( first wife ) Carolyn Dennis ( second wife ) Jesse Dylan ( son ) Jakob Dylan ( son ) Book Category Portal George Harrison Studio albums Wonderwall Music Electronic Sound All Things Must Pass Living in the Material World Dark Horse Extra Texture ( Read All About It ) Thirty Three & 1 / 3 George Harrison Somewhere in England Gone Troppo Cloud Nine Brainwashed Live albums The Concert for Bangladesh Live in Japan Compilations The Best of George Harrison Best of Dark Horse 1976 -- 1989 Let It Roll : Songs by George Harrison Early Takes : Volume 1 Box sets The Dark Horse Years 1976 -- 1992 Collaborations ( with Ravi Shankar ) The Apple Years 1968 -- 75 George Harrison -- The Vinyl Collection Books I , Me , Mine Songs by George Harrison Songs by George Harrison 2 Raga Mala ( as editor ) Related Articles Discography Songs Awards and nominations Asian Music Circle Bhaktivedanta Manor The Concert for Bangladesh Concert for George Dark Horse Records Friar Park Harrisongs `` Homer 's Barbershop Quartet '' `` Horse to the Water '' Kinfauns Material World Charitable Foundation Ravi Shankar 's Music Festival from India 1974 North American tour 1991 Japanese tour Wonderful Tonight : George Harrison , Eric Clapton , and Me People John Barham The Beatles Pattie Boyd ( wife ) Eric Clapton Derek and the Dominos Olivia Harrison ( wife ) Dhani Harrison ( son ) Jim Keltner Jeff Lynne A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada The Quarrymen Radha Krishna Temple The Rutles Ravi Shankar Derek Taylor Traveling Wilburys Klaus Voormann Gary Wright Albums Is This What You Want ? That 's the Way God Planned It Doris Troy Encouraging Words The Radha Krsna Temple Joi Bangla ( EP ) Footprint Straight Up Raga Brother In Concert 1972 Shankar Family & Friends The Place I Love Ravi Shankar 's Music Festival from India Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3 Ravi Shankar : In Celebration Chants of India Films HandMade Films All You Need Is Cash Blue Suede Shoes : A Rockabilly Session The Concert for Bangladesh ( film ) Concert for George ( film ) George Harrison : Living in the Material World Little Malcolm Monty Python 's Life of Brian Raga Tributes Songs from the Material World : A Tribute to George Harrison `` Never Without You '' Concert for George ( album ) Harrison on Harrison : Jazz Explorations of George Harrison Tribute To George Fest Book Category Jeff Lynne Studio albums Armchair Theatre ( 1990 ) Long Wave ( 2012 ) Singles `` Doin ' That Crazy Thing '' `` Video ! '' `` Every Little Thing '' `` Lift Me Up '' Compilation A Message from the Country -- The Jeff Lynne Years 1968 / 1973 Mr. Blue Sky : The Very Best of Electric Light Orchestra With The Idle Race The Birthday Party Idle Race Related articles Albums produced by Jeff Lynne Electric Light Orchestra Traveling Wilburys The Move Lynne Me Your Ears Jeff Lynne and the Beatles List of songs produced by Jeff Lynne Book Category Roy Orbison Studio albums Lonely and Blue ( 1961 ) Roy Orbison at the Rock House ( 1961 ) Crying ( 1962 ) In Dreams ( 1963 ) There Is Only One Roy Orbison ( 1965 ) Orbisongs ( 1965 ) The Orbison Way ( 1966 ) The Classic Roy Orbison ( 1966 ) Roy Orbison Sings Don Gibson ( 1967 ) The Fastest Guitar Alive ( 1967 ) Cry Softly Lonely One ( 1967 ) Roy Orbison 's Many Moods ( 1969 ) Big O ( 1970 ) Hank Williams the Roy Orbison Way ( 1970 ) Roy Orbison Sings ( 1972 ) Memphis ( 1972 ) Milestones ( 1973 ) I 'm Still In Love With You ( 1976 ) Regeneration ( 1977 ) Laminar Flow ( 1979 ) In Dreams : The Greatest Hits ( 1987 -- studio re-recordings of earlier hits ) Mystery Girl ( 1989 ) King of Hearts ( 1992 ) One of the Lonely Ones ( 2015 ) Compilations Roy Orbison 's Greatest Hits ( 1962 ) More of Roy Orbison 's Greatest Hits ( 1964 ) Early Orbison ( 1964 ) The Great Songs of Roy Orbison ( 1970 ) The All - Time Greatest Hits of Roy Orbison ( 1972 ) In Dreams : The Greatest Hits ( 1987 ) 16 Biggest Hits ( 1999 ) Collaborations Class of ' 55 ( 1986 ) Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 ( 1988 ) Soundtrack appearances Roadie ( 1980 ) Blue Velvet ( 1986 ) Less Than Zero ( 1987 ) Live A Black & White Night Live ( 1989 ) Related articles Discography Traveling Wilburys Roy Orbison / The Beatles Tour Book Category Tom Petty Studio albums Full Moon Fever ( 1989 ) Wildflowers ( 1994 ) Highway Companion ( 2006 ) Songs `` Stop Draggin ' My Heart Around '' `` I Wo n't Back Down '' `` Runnin ' Down a Dream '' `` Free Fallin ' '' `` A Face in the Crowd '' `` Yer So Bad '' `` You Do n't Know How It Feels '' `` Square One '' `` Saving Grace '' Related articles Discography Songs Awards Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Blue Stingrays Mudcrutch Traveling Wilburys VIAF : 118145970052732250731 ISNI : 0000 0001 2364 2995 GND : 10182861 - 5 BNF : cb13921895h ( data ) MusicBrainz : 4387b544 - e4d0 - 4f18 - b74e - d4a5ba1582ab Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Traveling_Wilburys&oldid=817635707 '' Categories : American country rock groups Bands with fictional stage personas British country rock musical groups British folk rock groups Folk rock groups from California Grammy Award winners Musical groups established in 1988 Musical quartets Roots rock music groups Supergroups ( music ) Traveling Wilburys Musical groups disestablished in 1991 Hidden categories : CS1 maint : Extra text : authors list Webarchive template archiveis links EngvarB from December 2017 Use dmy dates from December 2017 Articles with hCards Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Беларуская ( тарашкевіца )  Brezhoneg Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano עברית ქართული Македонски Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Русский Slovenščina Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Tiếng Việt 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 29 December 2017 , at 17 : 00 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: who are the artists in the traveling wilburys