Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Season 5 ) - wikipedia Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Season 5 ) Jump to : navigation , search Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. ( season 5 ) Promotional poster Starring Clark Gregg Ming - Na Wen Chloe Bennet Iain De Caestecker Elizabeth Henstridge Henry Simmons Natalia Cordova - Buckley Country of origin United States Release Original network ABC Season chronology ← Previous Season 4 List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episodes The fifth season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement , and Logistics Division ) , revolves around the character of Phil Coulson and other S.H.I.E.L.D. agents and allies as they try to save humanity while in deep space . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The season is produced by ABC Studios , Marvel Television , and Mutant Enemy Productions , with Jed Whedon , Maurissa Tancharoen , and Jeffrey Bell serving as showrunners . The season was ordered in May 2017 . Alongside Clark Gregg , who reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , principal cast members Ming - Na Wen , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Henry Simmons return from previous seasons , while Natalia Cordova - Buckley is promoted to the principal cast after appearing in a recurring role since season three . The fifth season is set to begin airing on December 1 , 2017 , after Marvel 's Inhumans has finished airing its episodes , and run for 22 episodes . Contents ( hide ) 1 Episodes 2 Cast and characters 2.1 Main 2.2 Recurring 2.3 Notable guests 3 Production 3.1 Development 3.2 Writing 3.3 Casting 3.4 Design 3.5 Filming 3.6 Marvel Cinematic Universe tie - ins 4 Release 4.1 Broadcast 4.2 Marketing 5 References 6 External links Episodes ( edit ) Main article : List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episodes No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date U.S. viewers ( millions ) 89 TBA Jesse Bochco Jed Whedon & Maurissa Tancharoen December 1 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 01 ) TBD Clark Gregg will direct the sixth episode in the season . Cast and characters ( edit ) Main article : List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Main ( edit ) Clark Gregg as Phil Coulson Ming - Na Wen as Melinda May Chloe Bennet as Daisy Johnson / Quake Iain De Caestecker as Leo Fitz Elizabeth Henstridge as Jemma Simmons Henry Simmons as Alphonso `` Mack '' MacKenzie Natalia Cordova - Buckley as Elena `` Yo - Yo '' Rodriguez Recurring ( edit ) Jeff Ward Notable guests ( edit ) Nick Blood as Lance Hunter Production ( edit ) Development ( edit ) In January 2017 , ahead of the mid-season premiere of the fourth season , ABC 's Channing Dungey said that she was `` very bullish '' about S.H.I.E.L.D. 's future , feeling that `` the episodes just keep getting better and stronger '' . The series was renewed for a fifth season of 22 episodes on May 11 , with ABC looking to lower the cost of the series moving forward , by reducing its budget and licensing fee . Asked whether she had considered giving the season a shorter episode order , Dungey noted that every season of the series had been 22 episodes long , and she felt its prior success in delayed viewership and overseas justified continuing that . She added that the `` show has continued to grow creatively every season . I feel like last season ( was ) its strongest creatively yet . I 'm very excited for what we have planned for Season 5 . '' It was reported that Disney , the parent company of Marvel Television , ABC Studios , and ABC , had given a mandate to ABC to renew Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. `` despite the desire by some at the network to end the series '' . Writing ( edit ) In May 2017 , ahead of the fifth season renewal , showrunner and executive producer Jed Whedon said the writers were not sure what would happen in the season , and that it would be `` by the seat of our pants . '' The season will also explore the ramifications of Phil Coulson making a deal with Ghost Rider . Additionally , the season will continue to explore the groundwork laid by Aida for humans to fear S.H.I.E.L.D. and Inhumans , with Whedon stating , `` The public perception of S.H.I.E.L.D. is at an all - time low , so we have not resolved that , and there will be still more fallout from it . '' Regarding if they would break the season up into pods again as with season four , executive producer Jeffrey Bell said , `` A 22 - episode arc is a lot for people to hold onto . By breaking it up into either smaller arcs or different pods , by introducing a set of antagonists and putting them down , or moving from space to space , our experience has been that it 's something the viewers enjoy , and it makes it a little easier to digest when you 're telling some of these stories . '' Whedon also noted it would depend on how the season would be `` broken up in terms of airing . If everything is running back - to - back , it feels weird to start calling it different things ... We will try to have it in bite - sized chunks . '' The writers for the season began work at the end of May 2017 . Casting ( edit ) Main cast members Clark Gregg , Ming - Na Wen , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Henry Simmons return from previous seasons as Phil Coulson , Melinda May , Daisy Johnson / Quake , Leo Fitz , Jemma Simmons , and Alphonso `` Mack '' MacKenzie , respectively . Before the 2017 New York Comic - Con , it was revealed that Natalia Cordova - Buckley had been promoted to series regular for the season , after recurring in the past two seasons as Elena `` Yo - Yo '' Rodriguez . In August 2017 , Jeff Ward was cast in a recurring role . A month later , it was revealed that former series regular Nick Blood would be returning to reprise his role as Lance Hunter . Blood left the series during the third season , to star on the spin - off series Marvel 's Most Wanted , which never came to fruition . Adrianne Palicki , who portrayed Bobbi Morse and also left in the third season to star on Most Wanted with Blood , expressed interest in October 2017 in returning to guest star in the season , saying she `` would absolutely come back '' if asked . Design ( edit ) After leaving the series during the fourth season , costume designer Ann Foley returned for the first two episodes of the fifth season , before handing over to Whitney Galitz , who had assisted her on the previous few seasons , and Christann Chanell . Filming ( edit ) Filming for the season began on July 20 , 2017 . In May 2017 , Gregg expressed interest in directing an episode in the season , and confirmed that September he would be directing an episode , which will be the sixth of the season . Bennet felt Gregg was able to bring out performances from the cast `` that another director probably would n't have been able to because he knows the characters so well . '' Marvel Cinematic Universe tie - ins ( edit ) In terms of having connections to Marvel 's Inhumans , Whedon felt it was doubtful , but noted `` we also want there to be a bigger reward for people who watch all of ( the MCU series ) , so they 'll start to see that there 's lines connecting it . It 's more fun for people who are playing the whole game , but if you do n't , you 'll still have a great rollercoaster ride . '' Release ( edit ) Broadcast ( edit ) The season is set to begin airing in the United States on ABC on December 1 , 2017 , beginning once Inhumans has finished airing its episodes . It is set to run for 22 episodes . The fifth season is moving to a Friday timeslot , alongside the seventh season of ABC 's Once Upon a Time , with ABC chief Channing Dungey explaining , `` We 've turned Friday into more of a destination for our fantasy and science fiction fans . Once Upon a Time and S.H.I.E.L.D. are airing on the same night for the first time , which is giving many fans of both shows what they 've been asking for for a long time . '' Andy Kubitz , executive vice president for program planning and scheduling at ABC , added that ABC had `` confidence that ( the S.H.I.E.L.D. ) core audience ... ( would ) travel with it '' to its new Friday time slot . He continued , `` The great thing about Friday night for these shows is it gives three days of downtime for a lot of these younger viewers to be able to catch up on it . You 've got Saturday and Sunday viewing that will be able to be counted into our C3 to help us monetize it . '' Marketing ( edit ) The main cast of the season appeared at New York Comic Con on October 7 , 2017 , where they promoted the season and debuted the first 20 minutes of the first episode of the season . References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` Shows a-z - marvel 's agents of shield on abc '' . The Futon Critic . Retrieved October 21 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Agard , Chancellor ( October 7 , 2017 ) . `` Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. season 5 premiere date revealed at NYCC '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on October 7 , 2017 . Retrieved October 7 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : `` ABC 's `` Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. '' Star Natalia Cordova - Buckley Upped to Series Regular for Season Five of Hit Series '' ( Press release ) . The Futon Critic . October 5 , 2017 . Archived from the original on October 6 , 2017 . Retrieved October 5 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Freeman , Molly ( May 31 , 2017 ) . `` Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. Writer 's Room Starts Work on Season 5 '' . ScreenRant . Archived from the original on June 1 , 2017 . Retrieved June 1 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Patten , Dominic ( October 5 , 2017 ) . `` ' Marvel 's Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D. ' Ups Natalia Cordova - Buckley To Series Regular For Season 5 -- NY Comic - Con '' . Deadline.com . Archived from the original on October 5 , 2017 . Retrieved October 5 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Petski , Denise ( August 4 , 2017 ) . `` ' Marvel 's Agents Of S.H.I.E.L.D. ' : Jeff Ward Set To Recur In Season 5 '' . Deadline.com . Archived from the original on August 4 , 2017 . Retrieved August 4 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Abrams , Natalie ( September 8 , 2017 ) . `` Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Nick Blood returning as Lance Hunter '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on September 8 , 2017 . Retrieved September 8 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Rice , Lynette ( January 10 , 2017 ) . `` ABC chief addresses Scandal - free fall lineup and the future of OUAT '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on January 10 , 2017 . Retrieved January 10 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Goldberg , Leslie ( May 11 , 2017 ) . `` ABC Renews ' Agents of SHIELD , ' ' American Housewife , ' ' Designated Survivor ' '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on May 12 , 2017 . Retrieved May 12 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Ausiello , Michael ( May 16 , 2017 ) . `` ABC Fall Schedule : Once Bumped to Friday , black - ish Shifts to Tuesday , Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.M.I.A. '' . TV Line . Archived from the original on May 16 , 2017 . Retrieved May 16 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Goldberg , Lesley ; McClintock , Pamela ( September 5 , 2017 ) . `` ABC 's Marvel Drama ' Inhumans ' Underwhelms in Imax Bow '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on September 5 , 2017 . Retrieved September 5 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Schwartz , Terri ( August 6 , 2017 ) . `` ABC Boss On Marvel 's Inhumans Medusa Wig Backlash , Giving Agents of SHIELD a Full Season '' . IGN . Archived from the original on August 8 , 2017 . Retrieved August 8 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Holloway , Daniel ( September 27 , 2017 ) . `` ABC Braces for Deep Impact With ' Idol , ' ' Inhuman ' Challenges '' . Variety . Archived from the original on September 27 , 2017 . Retrieved September 27 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Abrams , Natalie ( May 3 , 2017 ) . `` Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. bosses on aftermath of Framework escape '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on May 3 , 2017 . Retrieved May 3 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Abrams , Natalie ( May 16 , 2017 ) . `` Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. bosses on those shocking finale twists '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on May 17 , 2017 . Retrieved May 17 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Massabrook , Nicole ( October 7 , 2017 ) . `` ' The Orville ' Star Adrianne Palicki Is Ready For ' Agents Of SHIELD ' Return '' . International Business Times . Archived from the original on October 10 , 2017 . Retrieved October 10 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Ann Foley ( @ @ afoley24 ) ( July 30 , 2017 ) . `` I 'm back for the first 2 eps & then @ whitney_hg who assisted me S3 & 4 will be taking over w / help from @ Christann - They 're gon na do great ! '' ( Tweet ) . Archived from the original on August 2 , 2017 . Retrieved August 2 , 2017 -- via Twitter . Jump up ^ Wen , Ming - Na ( @ MingNa ) ( July 20 , 2017 ) . `` First Day of school with these badass babes ! We 're back ! Season 5 # AgentsofSHIELD '' ( Tweet ) . Archived from the original on July 20 , 2017 . Retrieved July 20 , 2017 -- via Twitter . Jump up ^ Tancharoen , Maurissa ( @ MoTancharoen ) ( July 20 , 2017 ) . `` # TBT to last year 's # comiccon . We 're on Day 1 of S5 of # agentsofshield but we 're with you in ... '' ( Tweet ) . Archived from the original on July 21 , 2017 . Retrieved July 21 , 2017 -- via Twitter . Jump up ^ Gregg , Clark ( May 16 , 2017 ) . `` This is Clark '' . Reddit ( / r / MarvelStudios subreddit ) . Archived from the original on May 17 , 2017 . Retrieved May 17 , 2017 . I may direct an episode in season 5 . if I do n't pass out from exhaustion just thinking about it . Jump up ^ Gregg , Clark ( @ clarkgregg ) ( September 12 , 2017 ) . `` I 'm directing my first one starting this week . # DaisyDatesanAlien '' ( Tweet ) . Archived from the original on September 12 , 2017 . Retrieved September 12 , 2017 -- via Twitter . Jump up ^ Jeffery , Morgan ; McCabe , Joseph ( April 7 , 2017 ) . `` Agents of SHIELD boss casts doubt on crossover with Marvel 's Inhumans series '' . Digital Spy . Archived from the original on July 30 , 2017 . Retrieved July 30 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Abrams , Natalie ( August 6 , 2017 ) . `` Here 's when Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. will return '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on August 7 , 2017 . Retrieved August 7 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Abrams , Natalie ( May 16 , 2017 ) . `` Why Once Upon a Time and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. are heading to Fridays '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on May 16 , 2017 . Retrieved May 16 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Ching , Albert ( September 5 , 2017 ) . `` Marvel TV Brings Agents of SHIELD , Punisher and Runaways to NYCC '' . Comic Book Resources . Archived from the original on September 5 , 2017 . Retrieved September 5 , 2017 . General references `` Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. Season 5 Episode Guide '' . TV Guide . Retrieved July 21 , 2017 . `` Shows A-Z - Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. on ABC '' . The Futon Critic . Retrieved July 21 , 2017 . External links ( edit ) Official website Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. on IMDb Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. at TV.com S.H.I.E.L.D. Creators : Stan Lee Jack Kirby Characters Directors & Secretaries George W. Bridge Sharon Carter Timothy Dugan Nick Fury Maria Hill Daisy Johnson Norman Osborn Steve Rogers Tony Stark Field Agents Clay Quartermain Victoria Hand Jasper Sitwell Al MacKenzie Mitch Carson Valentina Allegra de Fontaine Jessica Drew Clint Barton Natasha Romanova Barbara Morse Jimmy Woo Alexander Goodwin Pierce John Garrett Nick Fury Jr . Antagonists A.I.M. H.A.M.M.E.R. Hand Hydra Leviathan Maggia Masters of Evil Mys - Tech Purifiers Secret Empire Squadron Supreme Thunderbolts Taskmaster Zodiac Affiliations Avengers Dark Mighty Secret Howling Commandos Project Livewire Team White ( Secret Warriors ) S.T.R.I.K.E. S.T.A.K.E. S.W.O.R.D. Bases and facilities Camp Hammond Helicarrier Stark Tower The Vault Triskelion Technology and units Life Model Decoy Mandroid SJ3RX ( Red Ronin ) Superhuman Restraint Unit SPIN Tech Iron Patriot Publications Nick Fury , Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. 1965 feature Nick Fury vs. S.H.I.E.L.D. Fury of S.H.I.E.L.D. Kitty Pryde , Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. S.H.I.E.L.D. 2010 series 2014 series Howling Commandos of S.H.I.E.L.D. Agent Carter : S.H.I.E.L.D. 50th Anniversary Fury : S.H.I.E.L.D. 50th Anniversary Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. In other media Marvel Cinematic Universe Phil Coulson Brock Rumlow Item 47 Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters episodes season 1 5 Slingshot Nick Fury : Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. Nick Fury , Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Empyre Related Ultimate Nick Fury Peggy Carter See also : Category Marvel Cinematic Universe Feature films Phase One Iron Man The Incredible Hulk Iron Man 2 Thor Captain America : The First Avenger The Avengers accolades Phase Two Iron Man 3 Thor : The Dark World Captain America : The Winter Soldier Guardians of the Galaxy Avengers : Age of Ultron Ant - Man Phase Three Captain America : Civil War Doctor Strange Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Spider - Man : Homecoming Thor : Ragnarok Black Panther Avengers : Infinity War production Ant - Man and the Wasp Untitled Avengers film production Television series ABC Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episodes season 1 5 characters Agent Carter season 1 characters Inhumans `` Behold ... The Inhumans '' `` Those Who Would Destroy Us '' Netflix Daredevil season 1 characters Jessica Jones season 1 characters Luke Cage season 1 characters Iron Fist season 1 characters The Defenders The Punisher Hulu Runaways Freeform Cloak & Dagger Unaired pilot Most Wanted Other Short films Item 47 Agent Carter All Hail the King Digital series WHIH Newsfront Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot Tie - in comics Fury 's Big Week Cast and characters Film cast Television series cast Phil Coulson Erik Selvig Trevor Slattery Claire Temple Music Iron Man The Incredible Hulk Iron Man 2 Thor Captain America : The First Avenger The Avengers Iron Man 3 Thor : The Dark World Captain America : The Winter Soldier Guardians of the Galaxy Avengers : Age of Ultron Ant - Man Captain America : Civil War Luke Cage Doctor Strange Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 Spider - Man : Homecoming Thor : Ragnarok MCU - inspired media Video games Iron Man The Incredible Hulk Iron Man 2 Thor : God of Thunder Captain America : Super Soldier Iron Man 3 Lego Marvel 's Avengers Attraction Guardians of the Galaxy -- Mission : Breakout ! Book Category Portal Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. episodes Season 1 `` Pilot '' `` 0 - 8 - 4 '' `` The Asset '' `` Eye Spy '' `` Girl in the Flower Dress '' `` FZZT '' `` The Hub '' `` The Well '' `` Repairs '' `` The Bridge '' `` The Magical Place '' `` Seeds '' `` T.R.A.C.K.S. '' `` T.A.H.I.T.I. '' `` Yes Men '' `` End of the Beginning '' `` Turn , Turn , Turn '' `` Providence `` The Only Light in the Darkness '' `` Nothing Personal `` Ragtag '' `` Beginning of the End '' Season 2 `` Shadows '' `` Heavy Is the Head '' `` Making Friends and Influencing People '' `` Face My Enemy '' `` A Hen in the Wolf House '' `` A Fractured House '' `` The Writing on the Wall '' `` The Things We Bury '' `` ... Ye Who Enter Here '' `` What They Become '' `` Aftershocks '' `` Who You Really Are '' `` One of Us '' `` Love in the Time of Hydra '' `` One Door Closes '' `` Afterlife '' `` Melinda '' `` The Frenemy of My Enemy '' `` The Dirty Half Dozen '' `` Scars '' `` S.O.S. '' Season 3 `` Laws of Nature '' `` Purpose in the Machine '' `` A Wanted ( Inhu ) man '' `` Devils You Know '' `` 4,722 Hours '' `` Among Us Hide ... '' `` Chaos Theory '' `` Many Heads , One Tale '' `` Closure '' `` Maveth '' `` Bouncing Back '' `` The Inside Man '' `` Parting Shot '' `` Watchdogs '' `` Spacetime '' `` Paradise Lost '' `` The Team '' `` The Singularity '' `` Failed Experiments '' `` Emancipation '' `` Absolution '' `` Ascension '' Season 4 `` The Ghost '' `` Meet the New Boss '' `` Uprising '' `` Let Me Stand Next to Your Fire '' `` Lockup '' `` The Good Samaritan '' `` Deals with Our Devils '' `` The Laws of Inferno Dynamics '' `` Broken Promises '' `` Self Control '' Season 5 Marvel Cinematic Universe portal Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agents_of_S.H.I.E.L.D._(season_5)&oldid=806447683 '' Categories : Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. seasons Hidden categories : Official website not in Wikidata Talk Contents About Wikipedia Español Polski Edit links This page was last edited on 22 October 2017 , at 02 : 38 . 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Premier of the Northern Cape - wikipedia Premier of the Northern Cape Jump to : navigation , search Premier of the Northern Cape Incumbent Sylvia Lucas since 23 May 2013 Style The Honourable Appointer Northern Cape Provincial Legislature Term length Five years , renewable once Inaugural holder Manne Dipico Formation 7 May 1994 Website www.northern-cape.gov.za/index.php ? option = com_content&view = article&id = 60&Itemid = 11 Northern Cape This article is part of a series on the politics and government of the Northern Cape Government Premier - Sylvia Lucas Provincial Legislature Speaker - Kenny Moemang Political Parties ANC DA EFF COPE High Court Politics of South Africa Other Provincial Politics articles EC FS GT KZN LP ML NC NW WC Other countries Atlas The Premier of the Northern Cape is the head of government of the Northern Cape province of South Africa . For a discussion of the election , role and powers of the Premier , see the article `` Premier ( South Africa ) '' . List of Premiers of the Northern Cape ( edit ) Name Elected Left office Party Dipico ! Manne Dipico 000000001994 - 05 - 07 - 0000 7 May 1994 30 April 2004 African National Congress Peters ! Elizabeth Dipuo Peters 000000002004 - 04 - 30 - 0000 30 April 2004 6 May 2009 African National Congress Jenkins ! Hazel Jenkins 000000002009 - 05 - 06 - 0000 6 May 2009 26 February 2012 African National Congress Cjiekella ! Grizelda Cjiekella ( acting ) 000000002012 - 02 - 26 - 0000 26 February 2012 2 April 2013 African National Congress Lucas ! Sylvia Lucas ( acting until 23 May ) 000000002013 - 04 - 02 - 0000 2 April 2013 incumbent African National Congress See also ( edit ) Politics of the Northern Cape Premier ( South Africa ) President of South Africa Politics of South Africa External links ( edit ) Office of the Premier Current Premiers of provinces of South Africa EC : Phumulo Masualle FS : Sisi Ntombela GT : David Makhura KZN : Willies Mchunu LP : Stanley Mathabatha ML : Vacant NW : Supra Mahumapelo NC : Sylvia Lucas WC : Helen Zille Province of the Northern Cape Capital and largest city : Kimberley Population : 1,096,731 ( 2011 ) Land area : 372,889 km Topics History Government Politics Economy Climate Ecology Government Premier Legislature High Court Municipalities Regions Diamond Fields Great Karoo Kalahari Desert Namaqualand Orange River Valley Cities and major towns Kimberley Postmasburg Jan Kempdorp De Aar Douglas Colesberg Prieska Danielskuil Kuruman Springbok Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Premier_of_the_Northern_Cape&oldid=805750248 '' Categories : Premiers of the Northern Cape Government of the Northern Cape Talk About Wikipedia Add links This page was last edited on 17 October 2017 , at 11 : 49 . About Wikipedia

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Nucleotide - wikipedia Nucleotide Jump to : navigation , search This nucleotide contains the five - carbon sugar deoxyribose ( at center ) , a nitrogenous base called adenine ( upper right ) , and one phosphate group ( left ) . The deoxyribose sugar joined only to the nitrogenous base forms a Deoxyribonucleoside called deoxyadenosine , whereas the whole structure along with the phosphate group is a nucleotide , a constituent of DNA with the name deoxyadenosine monophosphate . Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the monomer units for forming the nucleic acid polymers deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) and ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) , both of which are essential biomolecules in all life - forms on Earth . Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids ; they are composed of three subunit molecules : a nitrogenous base , a five - carbon sugar ( ribose or deoxyribose ) , and at least one phosphate group . They are also known as phosphate nucleotides . A nucleoside is a nitrogenous base and a 5 - carbon sugar . Thus a nucleoside plus a phosphate group yields a nucleotide . Nucleotides also play a central role in life - form metabolism at the fundamental , cellular level . They carry packets of chemical energy -- in the form of the nucleoside triphosphates ATP , GTP , CTP and UTP -- throughout the cell to the many cellular functions that demand energy , which include synthesizing amino acids , proteins and cell membranes and parts ; moving the cell and moving cell parts , both internally and intercellularly ; dividing the cell , etc . In addition , nucleotides participate in cell signaling ( cGMP and cAMP ) , and are incorporated into important cofactors of enzymatic reactions ( e.g. coenzyme A , FAD , FMN , NAD , and NADP ) . In experimental biochemistry , nucleotides can be radiolabeled with radionuclides to yield radionucleotides . Contents ( hide ) 1 Structure 2 Synthesis 2.1 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide synthesis 2.2 Purine ribonucleotide synthesis 2.3 Pyrimidine and purine degradation 3 Unnatural base pair ( UBP ) 4 Length unit 5 Nucleotide supplements 6 Abbreviation codes for degenerate bases 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External links Structure ( edit ) Showing the arrangement of nucleotides within the structure of nucleic acids : At lower left , a monophosphate nucleotide ; its nitrogenous base represents one side of a base - pair . At upper right , four nucleotides form two base - pairs : thymine and adenine ( connected by double hydrogen bonds ) and guanine and cytosine ( connected by triple hydrogen bonds ) . The individual nucleotide monomers are chain - joined at their sugar and phosphate molecules , forming two ' backbones ' ( a double helix ) of a nucleic acid , shown at upper left . A nucleotide is composed of three distinctive chemical sub-units : a five - carbon sugar molecule , a nitrogenous base -- which two together are called a nucleoside -- and one phosphate group . With all three joined , a nucleotide is also termed a `` nucleoside monophosphate '' . The chemistry sources ACS Style Guide and IUPAC Gold Book prescribe that a nucleotide should contain only one phosphate group , but common usage in molecular biology textbooks often extends the definition to include molecules with two , or with three , phosphates . Thus , the terms `` nucleoside diphosphate '' or `` nucleoside triphosphate '' may also indicate nucleotides . Nucleotides contain either a purine or a pyrimidine base -- i.e. , the nitrogenous base molecule , also known as a nucleobase -- and are termed ribonucleotides if the sugar is ribose , or deoxyribonucleotides if the sugar is deoxyribose . Individual phosphate molecules repetitively connect the sugar - ring molecules in two adjacent nucleotide monomers , thereby connecting the nucleotide monomers of a nucleic acid end - to - end into a long chain . These chain - joins of sugar and phosphate molecules create a ' backbone ' strand for a single - or double helix . In any one strand , the chemical orientation ( directionality ) of the chain - joins runs from the 5 ' - end to the 3 ' - end ( read : 5 prime - end to 3 prime - end ) -- referring to the five carbon sites on sugar molecules in adjacent nucleotides . In a double helix , the two strands are oriented in opposite directions , which permits base pairing and complementarity between the base - pairs , all which is essential for replicating or transcribing the encoded information found in DNA . Unlike in nucleic acid nucleotides , singular cyclic nucleotides are formed when the phosphate group is bound twice to the same sugar molecule , i.e. , at the corners of the sugar hydroxyl groups . These individual nucleotides function in cell metabolism rather than the nucleic acid structures of long - chain molecules . Nucleic acids then are polymeric macromolecules assembled from nucleotides , the monomer - units of nucleic acids . The purine bases adenine and guanine and pyrimidine base cytosine occur in both DNA and RNA , while the pyrimidine bases thymine ( in DNA ) and uracil ( in RNA ) in just one . Adenine forms a base pair with thymine with two hydrogen bonds , while guanine pairs with cytosine with three hydrogen bonds . Structural elements of three nucleotides -- where one - , two - or three - phosphates are attached to the nucleoside ( in yellow , blue , green ) at center : 1st , the nucleotide termed as a nucleoside monophosphate is formed by adding a phosphate group ( in red ) ; 2nd , adding a second phosphate group forms a nucleoside diphosphate ; 3rd , adding a third phosphate group results in a nucleoside triphosphate . + The nitrogenous base ( nucleobase ) is indicated by `` Base '' and `` glycosidic bond '' ( sugar bond ) . All five primary , or canonical , bases -- the purines and pyrimidines -- are sketched at right ( in blue ) . Synthesis ( edit ) Nucleotides can be synthesized by a variety of means both in vitro and in vivo . In vivo , nucleotides can be synthesized de novo or recycled through salvage pathways . The components used in de novo nucleotide synthesis are derived from biosynthetic precursors of carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism , and from ammonia and carbon dioxide . The liver is the major organ of de novo synthesis of all four nucleotides . De novo synthesis of pyrimidines and purines follows two different pathways . Pyrimidines are synthesized first from aspartate and carbamoyl - phosphate in the cytoplasm to the common precursor ring structure orotic acid , onto which a phosphorylated ribosyl unit is covalently linked . Purines , however , are first synthesized from the sugar template onto which the ring synthesis occurs . For reference , the syntheses of the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides are carried out by several enzymes in the cytoplasm of the cell , not within a specific organelle . Nucleotides undergo breakdown such that useful parts can be reused in synthesis reactions to create new nucleotides . In vitro , protecting groups may be used during laboratory production of nucleotides . A purified nucleoside is protected to create a phosphoramidite , which can then be used to obtain analogues not found in nature and / or to synthesize an oligonucleotide . Pyrimidine ribonucleotide synthesis ( edit ) The synthesis of UMP . The color scheme is as follows : enzymes , coenzymes , substrate names , inorganic molecules Main article : Pyrimidine metabolism The synthesis of the pyrimidines CTP and UTP occurs in the cytoplasm and starts with the formation of carbamoyl phosphate from glutamine and CO . Next , aspartate carbamoyltransferase catalyzes a condensation reaction between aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to form carbamoyl aspartic acid , which is cyclized into 4 , 5 - dihydroorotic acid by dihydroorotase . The latter is converted to orotate by dihydroorotate oxidase . The net reaction is : ( S ) - Dihydroorotate + O → Orotate + H O Orotate is covalently linked with a phosphorylated ribosyl unit . The covalent linkage between the ribose and pyrimidine occurs at position C of the ribose unit , which contains a pyrophosphate , and N of the pyrimidine ring . Orotate phosphoribosyltransferase ( PRPP transferase ) catalyzes the net reaction yielding orotidine monophosphate ( OMP ) : Orotate + 5 - Phospho - α - D - ribose 1 - diphosphate ( PRPP ) → Orotidine 5 ' - phosphate + Pyrophosphate Orotidine 5 ' - monophosphate is decarboxylated by orotidine - 5 ' - phosphate decarboxylase to form uridine monophosphate ( UMP ) . PRPP transferase catalyzes both the ribosylation and decarboxylation reactions , forming UMP from orotic acid in the presence of PRPP . It is from UMP that other pyrimidine nucleotides are derived . UMP is phosphorylated by two kinases to uridine triphosphate ( UTP ) via two sequential reactions with ATP . First the diphosphate form UDP is produced , which in turn is phosphorylated to UTP . Both steps are fueled by ATP hydrolysis : ATP + UMP → ADP + UDP UDP + ATP → UTP + ADP CTP is subsequently formed by amination of UTP by the catalytic activity of CTP synthetase . Glutamine is the NH donor and the reaction is fueled by ATP hydrolysis , too : UTP + Glutamine + ATP + H O → CTP + ADP + P Cytidine monophosphate ( CMP ) is derived from cytidine triphosphate ( CTP ) with subsequent loss of two phosphates . Purine ribonucleotide synthesis ( edit ) Main article : Purine metabolism The atoms that are used to build the purine nucleotides come from a variety of sources : The synthesis of IMP . The color scheme is as follows : enzymes , coenzymes , substrate names , metal ions , inorganic molecules The biosynthetic origins of purine ring atoms N arises from the amine group of Asp C and C originate from formate N and N are contributed by the amide group of Gln C , C and N are derived from Gly C comes from HCO ( CO ) The de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides by which these precursors are incorporated into the purine ring proceeds by a 10 - step pathway to the branch - point intermediate IMP , the nucleotide of the base hypoxanthine . AMP and GMP are subsequently synthesized from this intermediate via separate , two - step pathways . Thus , purine moieties are initially formed as part of the ribonucleotides rather than as free bases . Six enzymes take part in IMP synthesis . Three of them are multifunctional : GART ( reactions 2 , 3 , and 5 ) PAICS ( reactions 6 , and 7 ) ATIC ( reactions 9 , and 10 ) The pathway starts with the formation of PRPP . PRPS1 is the enzyme that activates R5P , which is formed primarily by the pentose phosphate pathway , to PRPP by reacting it with ATP . The reaction is unusual in that a pyrophosphoryl group is directly transferred from ATP to C of R5P and that the product has the α configuration about C1 . This reaction is also shared with the pathways for the synthesis of Trp , His , and the pyrimidine nucleotides . Being on a major metabolic crossroad and requiring much energy , this reaction is highly regulated . In the first reaction unique to purine nucleotide biosynthesis , PPAT catalyzes the displacement of PRPP 's pyrophosphate group ( PP ) by an amide nitrogen donated from either glutamine ( N ) , glycine ( N&C ) , aspartate ( N ) , folic acid ( C ) , or CO . This is the committed step in purine synthesis . The reaction occurs with the inversion of configuration about ribose C , thereby forming β - 5 - phosphorybosylamine ( 5 - PRA ) and establishing the anomeric form of the future nucleotide . Next , a glycine is incorporated fueled by ATP hydrolysis and the carboxyl group forms an amine bond to the NH previously introduced . A one - carbon unit from folic acid coenzyme N - formyl - THF is then added to the amino group of the substituted glycine followed by the closure of the imidazole ring . Next , a second NH group is transferred from a glutamine to the first carbon of the glycine unit . A carboxylation of the second carbon of the glycin unit is concomittantly added . This new carbon is modified by the additional of a third NH unit , this time transferred from an aspartate residue . Finally , a second one - carbon unit from formyl - THF is added to the nitrogen group and the ring covalently closed to form the common purine precursor inosine monophosphate ( IMP ) . Inosine monophosphate is converted to adenosine monophosphate in two steps . First , GTP hydrolysis fuels the addition of aspartate to IMP by adenylosuccinate synthase , substituting the carbonyl oxygen for a nitrogen and forming the intermediate adenylosuccinate . Fumarate is then cleaved off forming adenosine monophosphate . This step is catalyzed by adenylosuccinate lyase . Inosine monophosphate is converted to guanosine monophosphate by the oxidation of IMP forming xanthylate , followed by the insertion of an amino group at C. NAD is the electron acceptor in the oxidation reaction . The amide group transfer from glutamine is fueled by ATP hydrolysis . Pyrimidine and purine degradation ( edit ) In humans , pyrimidine rings ( C , T , U ) can be degraded completely to CO and NH ( urea excretion ) . That having been said , purine rings ( G , A ) can not . Instead they are degraded to the metabolically inert uric acid which is then excreted from the body . Uric acid is formed when GMP is split into the base guanine and ribose . Guanine is deaminated to xanthine which in turn is oxidized to uric acid . This last reaction is irreversible . Similarly , uric acid can be formed when AMP is deaminated to IMP from which the ribose unit is removed to form hypoxanthine . Hypoxanthine is oxidized to xanthine and finally to uric acid . Instead of uric acid secretion , guanine and IMP can be used for recycling purposes and nucleic acid synthesis in the presence of PRPP and aspartate ( NH donor ) . Unnatural base pair ( UBP ) ( edit ) Main article : Base pair § Unnatural base pair ( UBP ) An unnatural base pair ( UBP ) is a designed subunit ( or nucleobase ) of DNA which is created in a laboratory and does not occur in nature . In 2012 , a group of American scientists led by Floyd Romesberg , a chemical biologist at the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego , California , published that his team designed an unnatural base pair ( UBP ) . The two new artificial nucleotides or Unnatural Base Pair ( UBP ) were named d5SICS and dNaM . More technically , these artificial nucleotides bearing hydrophobic nucleobases , feature two fused aromatic rings that form a ( d5SICS -- dNaM ) complex or base pair in DNA . In 2014 the same team from the Scripps Research Institute reported that they synthesized a stretch of circular DNA known as a plasmid containing natural T-A and C-G base pairs along with the best - performing UBP Romesberg 's laboratory had designed , and inserted it into cells of the common bacterium E. coli that successfully replicated the unnatural base pairs through multiple generations . This is the first known example of a living organism passing along an expanded genetic code to subsequent generations . This was in part achieved by the addition of a supportive algal gene that expresses a nucleotide triphosphate transporter which efficiently imports the triphosphates of both d5SICSTP and dNaMTP into E. coli bacteria . Then , the natural bacterial replication pathways use them to accurately replicate the plasmid containing d5SICS -- dNaM . The successful incorporation of a third base pair is a significant breakthrough toward the goal of greatly expanding the number of amino acids which can be encoded by DNA , from the existing 21 amino acids to a theoretically possible 172 , thereby expanding the potential for living organisms to produce novel proteins . The artificial strings of DNA do not encode for anything yet , but scientists speculate they could be designed to manufacture new proteins which could have industrial or pharmaceutical uses . Length unit ( edit ) Nucleotide ( abbreviated `` nt '' ) is a common unit of length for single - stranded nucleic acids , similar to how base pair is a unit of length for double - stranded nucleic acids . Nucleotide supplements ( edit ) A study done by the Department of Sports Science at the University of Hull in Hull , UK has shown that nucleotides have significant impact on cortisol levels in saliva . Post exercise , the experimental nucleotide group had lower cortisol levels in their blood than the control or the placebo . Additionally , post supplement values of Immunoglobulin A were significantly higher than either the placebo or the control . The study concluded , `` nucleotide supplementation blunts the response of the hormones associated with physiological stress . '' Another study conducted in 2013 looked at the impact nucleotide supplementation had on the immune system in athletes . In the study , all athletes were male and were highly skilled in taekwondo . Out of the twenty athletes tested , half received a placebo and half received 480 mg per day of nucleotide supplement . After thirty days , the study concluded that nucleotide supplementation may counteract the impairment of the body 's immune function after heavy exercise . Abbreviation codes for degenerate bases ( edit ) Main article : Nucleic acid notation The IUPAC has designated the symbols for nucleotides . Apart from the five ( A , G , C , T / U ) bases , often degenerate bases are used especially for designing PCR primers . These nucleotide codes are listed here . Some primer sequences may also include the character `` I '' , which codes for the non-standard nucleotide inosine . Inosine occurs in tRNAs , and will pair with adenine , cytosine , or thymine . This character does not appear in the following table however , because it does not represent a degeneracy . While inosine can serve a similar function as the degeneracy `` D '' , it is an actual nucleotide , rather than a representation of a mix of nucleotides that covers each possible pairing needed . Symbol Description Bases represented adenine cytosine guanine thymine U uracil U weak strong amino keto purine Y pyrimidine not A ( B comes after A ) not C ( D comes after C ) not G ( H comes after G ) V not T ( V comes after T and U ) any base ( not a gap ) See also ( edit ) Molecular and cellular biology portal Biology Chromosome Gene Genetics Nucleic acid analogues Nucleic acid sequence Nucleobase References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : Alberts B , Johnson A , Lewis J , Raff M , Roberts K & Walter P ( 2002 ) . Molecular Biology of the Cell ( 4th ed . ) . Garland Science . ISBN 0 - 8153 - 3218 - 1 . pp. 120 -- 121 . Jump up ^ Coghill , Anne M. ; Garson , Lorrin R. , eds. ( 2006 ) . The ACS style guide : effective communication of scientific information ( 3rd ed . ) . Washington , D.C. : American Chemical Society . p. 244 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 8412 - 3999 - 9 . Jump up ^ `` Nucleotides '' . IUPAC Gold Book . International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists . doi : 10.1351 / goldbook. N04255 . Retrieved 30 June 2014 . Jump up ^ Lehninger , Albert L. ( 1975 ) . Biochemistry : the molecular basis of cell structure and function . New York : Worth Publishers Inc . doi : 10.1002 / jobm. 19770170116 . Jump up ^ Stryer , Lubert ( 1988 ) . Biochemistry ( 3rd ed . ) . New York : W.H. Freeman . ISBN 9780716719205 . Jump up ^ Garrett , Reginald H. ; Grisham , Charles M. ( 2007 ) . Biochemistry ( 4th ed . ) . Belmont , California : Brooks / Cole , Cengage Learning . Jump up ^ Zaharevitz , DW ; Anerson , LW ; Manlinowski , NM ; Hyman , R ; Strong , JM ; Cysyk , RL . `` Contribution of de-novo and salvage synthesis to the uracil nucleotide pool in mouse tissues and tumors in vivo '' . Jump up ^ See IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry for details on carbon residue numbering Jump up ^ Jones , M.E. ( 1980 ) . `` Pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthesis in animals : Genes , enzymes , and regulation of UMP biosynthesis '' . Annu. Rev. Biochem. 49 ( 1 ) : 253 -- 79 . doi : 10.1146 / annurev. bi. 49.070180. 001345 . PMID 6105839 . Jump up ^ McMurry , JE ; Begley , TP ( 2005 ) . The organic chemistry of biological pathways . Roberts & Company . ISBN 978 - 0 - 9747077 - 1 - 6 . Jump up ^ Malyshev , Denis A. ; Dhami , Kirandeep ; Quach , Henry T. ; Lavergne , Thomas ; Ordoukhanian , Phillip ( 24 July 2012 ) . `` Efficient and sequence - independent replication of DNA containing a third base pair establishes a functional six - letter genetic alphabet '' . Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America . 109 ( 30 ) : 12005 -- 12010 . Bibcode : 2012PNAS ... 10912005M . doi : 10.1073 / pnas. 1205176109 . PMC 3409741 . PMID 22773812 . Retrieved 2014 - 05 - 11 . ^ Jump up to : Malyshev , Denis A. ; Dhami , Kirandeep ; Lavergne , Thomas ; Chen , Tingjian ; Dai , Nan ; Foster , Jeremy M. ; Corrêa , Ivan R. ; Romesberg , Floyd E. ( May 7 , 2014 ) . `` A semi-synthetic organism with an expanded genetic alphabet '' . Nature . 509 : 385 -- 8 . doi : 10.1038 / nature13314 . PMC 4058825 . PMID 24805238 . Retrieved May 7 , 2014 . Jump up ^ Callaway , Ewan ( May 7 , 2014 ) . `` Scientists Create First Living Organism With ' Artificial ' DNA '' . Nature News . Huffington Post . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . ^ Jump up to : Fikes , Bradley J. ( May 8 , 2014 ) . `` Life engineered with expanded genetic code '' . San Diego Union Tribune . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . Jump up ^ Sample , Ian ( May 7 , 2014 ) . `` First life forms to pass on artificial DNA engineered by US scientists '' . The Guardian . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . Jump up ^ Pollack , Andrew ( May 7 , 2014 ) . `` Scientists Add Letters to DNA 's Alphabet , Raising Hope and Fear '' . New York Times . Retrieved 8 May 2014 . Jump up ^ Mc Naughton , L. ; Bentley , D. ; Koeppel , P. ( 2007 - 03 - 01 ) . `` The effects of a nucleotide supplement on the immune and metabolic response to short term , high intensity exercise performance in trained male subjects '' . The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness . 47 ( 1 ) : 112 -- 118 . ISSN 0022 - 4707 . PMID 17369807 . Jump up ^ Riera , Joan ; Pons , Victoria ; Martinez - Puig , Daniel ; Chetrit , Carlos ; Tur , Josep A. ; Pons , Antoni ; Drobnic , Franchek ( 2013 - 04 - 08 ) . `` Dietary nucleotide improves markers of immune response to strenuous exercise under a cold environment '' . Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 10 ( 1 ) : 20 . doi : 10.1186 / 1550 - 2783 - 10 - 20 . PMC 3626726 . PMID 23566489 . ^ Jump up to : Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Biochemistry ( NC - IUB ) ( 1984 ) . `` Nomenclature for Incompletely Specified Bases in Nucleic Acid Sequences '' . Retrieved 2008 - 02 - 04 . Further reading ( edit ) Sigel , Astrid ; Operschall , Bert P. ; Sigel , Helmut ( 2017 ) . `` Chapter 11 . Complex Formation of Lead ( II ) with Nucleotides and Their Constituents '' . In Astrid , S. ; Helmut , S. ; Sigel , R.K.O. Lead : Its Effects on Environment and Health . Metal Ions in Life Sciences . 17 . de Gruyter . pp. 319 -- 402 . doi : 10.1515 / 9783110434330 - 011 . External links ( edit ) Abbreviations and Symbols for Nucleic Acids , Polynucleotides and their Constituents ( IUPAC ) Provisional Recommendations 2004 ( IUPAC ) Chemistry explanation of nucleotide structure ( hide ) Genetics Introduction Outline History Index Key components Chromosome DNA RNA Nucleotide Genome Fields Classical Conservation Ecological Immunogenetics Molecular Population Quantitative Archaeogenetics of the Americas the British Isles Europe Italy the Near East South Asia Related topics Behavioural genetics Epigenetics Geneticist Genomics Genetic code Medical genetics Molecular evolution Reverse genetics Genetic engineering Genetic diversity Heredity Genetic monitoring Genetic genealogy List of genetics research organizations Genetics Nucleic acid constituents Nucleobase Purine Adenine Guanine Hypoxanthine Xanthine Purine analogue Pyrimidine Uracil Thymine Cytosine Pyrimidine analogue Unnatural base pair ( UBP ) Nucleoside Ribonucleoside Adenosine Guanosine 5 - Methyluridine Uridine 5 - Methylcytidine Cytidine Inosine Xanthosine Wybutosine Deoxyribonucleoside Deoxyadenosine Deoxyguanosine Thymidine Deoxyuridine Deoxycytidine Deoxyinosine Deoxyxanthosine Nucleotide ( Nucleoside monophosphate ) Ribonucleotide AMP GMP m UMP UMP CMP IMP XMP Deoxyribonucleotide dAMP dGMP dTMP dUMP dCMP dIMP dXMP Cyclic nucleotide cAMP cGMP c - di - GMP c - di - AMP cADPR Nucleoside diphosphate ADP GDP m UDP UDP CDP dADP dGDP dTDP dUDP dCDP Nucleoside triphosphate ATP GTP m UTP UTP CTP ITP XTP dATP dGTP dTTP dUTP dCTP dITP dXTP Purine receptor modulators Receptor ( ligands ) P0 ( adenine ) Agonists : 8 - Aminoadenine Adenine P1 ( adenosine ) Agonists : 2 - ( 1 - Hexynyl ) - N - methyladenosine 2 - Cl - IB - MECA 2 ' - MeCCPA 4 ' - O - β - D - Glucosyl - 9 - O - ( 6 ' ' - deoxysaccharosyl ) olivil 5 ' - N - ethylcarboxamidoadenosine Adenosine ADP AMP Apadenoson ATL - 146e ATP BAY 60 -- 6583 Binodenoson Capadenoson CCPA CGS - 21680 CP - 532,903 Evodenoson GR 79236 LUF - 5835 LUF - 5845 N - Cyclopentyladenosine Namodenoson Neladenoson dalanate Piclidenoson Regadenoson SDZ WAG 994 Selodenoson Sonedenoson Tecadenoson UK - 432,097 Antagonists : 8 - Chlorotheophylline 8 - Phenyl - 1 , 3 - dipropylxanthine 8 - Phenyltheophylline Acefylline Aminophylline ATL - 444 Bamifylline Cafedrine Caffeine Caffeine citrate Cartazolate CGH - 2466 CGS - 15943 Choline theophyllinate CPX CVT - 6883 Dimethazan DMPX DPCPX Dyphylline Enprofylline Etazolate Fenethylline IBMX Isovaleric acid Istradefylline KF - 26777 MRE3008F20 MRS - 1220 MRS - 1334 MRS - 1706 MRS - 1754 MRS - 3777 Paraxanthine Pentoxifylline Preladenant Propentofylline Proxyphylline PSB - 10 PSB - 11 PSB - 36 PSB - 603 PSB - 788 PSB - 1115 Reversine Rolofylline SCH - 442,416 SCH - 58261 Theacrine Theobromine Theodrenaline Theophylline Tozadenant Tracazolate VUF - 5574 ZM - 241,385 P2 ( nucleotide ) P2X ( ATP ) Agonists : 2 - Me - SATP α , β - Me - ATP Adenosine ADP AMP Ap4A Ap5A ATP ATPγS BzATP Cibacron blue CTP D - β , γ - Me - ATP GTP HT - AMP Ivermectin L - β , γ - Me - ATP MRS - 2219 PAPET - ATP UTP Zinc Antagonists : 5 - BDBD A-317491 A-438079 A-740003 A-804598 A-839977 AF - 353 AZ - 10606120 AZ - 11645373 BBG Calcium Calmidazolium Chelerythrine Copper Emodin ( Rheum officinale ) Evans Blue GW - 791343 HMA Ip5I isoPPADS JNJ - 47965567 KN - 04 KN - 62 Magnesium MRS - 2159 NF - 023 NF - 110 NF - 157 NF - 279 NF - 449 Opiranserin ( VVZ - 149 ) Oxidized - ATP Phenol Red Phenolphthalein PPADS PPNDS PSB - 12062 Puerarin ( Radix puerariae ) Purotoxin 1 RB - 2 Ro 0437626 Ro 51 RO - 3 Sodium ferulate ( Angelica sinensis , Ligusticum wallichii ) Suramin TC - P 262 Tetramethylpyrazine ( ligustrazine ) ( Ligusticum wallichii ) TNP - ATP Zinc P2Y Agonists : 2 - Me - SADP 2 - Me - SATP 2 - Thio - UTP 5 - Br - UDP 5 - OMe - UDP α , β - Me - ATP Adenosine ADP ADPβS Ap3A AR - C 67085MX ATP ATPγS CTP dATP Denufosol Diquafosol IDP ITP INS - 365 INS - 37217 MRS - 2365 MRS - 2690 MRS - 2693 MRS - 2768 MRS - 2957 MRS - 4062 NF - 546 PAPET - ATP PSB - 0474 PSB - 1114 UDP UDPβS UDP - galactose UDP - glucose UDP - N - acetylglucosamine Up3U UTP UTPγS Antagonists : 2 - Me - SAMP A3P5PS AMPαS Ap4A AR - C 66096 AR - C 67085MX AR - C 69931MX AR - C 118925XX ATP BzATP C1330 - 7 Cangrelor Clopidogrel Elinogrel Ip5I MRS - 2179 MRS - 2211 MRS - 2279 MRS - 2395 MRS - 2500 MRS - 2578 NF - 157 NF - 340 PIT PPADS Prasugrel PSB - 0739 RB - 2 Regrelor Suramin Ticagrelor Ticlopidine UDP Transporter ( blockers ) CNTs 6 - Hydroxy - 7 - methoxyflavone Adenosine dMeThPmR Estradiol KGO - 2142 KGO - 2173 MeThPmR Phloridzin Progesterone ENTs Barbiturates Benzodiazepines Cilostazol Dilazep Dipyridamole Estradiol Ethanol Hexobendine NBMPR Pentoxifylline Progesterone Propentofylline PMAT Decynium - 22 Enzyme ( inhibitors ) XO Allopurinol Amflutizole Benzbromarone Caffeic acid Cinnamaldehyde Cinnamomum osmophloeum Febuxostat Myo - inositol Kaempferol Myricetin Niraxostat Oxipurinol Phytic acid Pistacia integerrima Propolis Quercetin Tisopurine Topiroxostat Others Aminopterin Azathioprine Methotrexate Mycophenolic acid Pemetrexed Pralatrexate Many others Others Precursors : Adenine Adenosine AMP ADP ATP Cytosine Cytidine CMP CDP CTP Guanine Guanosine GMP GDP GTP Hypoxanthine Inosine IMP IDP ITP Ribose Uracil Uridine UMP UDP UTP Others : Chrysophanol ( rhubarb ) See also : Receptor / signaling modulators NDL : 00568741 NKC : ph123363 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nucleotide&oldid=835712758 '' Categories : Nucleotides Genetics DNA Molecular biology Hidden categories : Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters Talk Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Azərbaycanca বাংলা Bân - 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Walter Egan - wikipedia Walter Egan Jump to : navigation , search For the golfer , see Walter Egan ( golfer ) . For the politician , see Walter D. Egan . This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification . Please help by adding reliable sources . Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately , especially if potentially libelous or harmful . ( April 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Walter Egan ( 1948 - 07 - 12 ) July 12 , 1948 ( age 69 ) Queens , New York , United States Genres Soft rock , folk rock , rock Occupation ( s ) Singer , guitarist , songwriter Instruments Guitar , vocals Years active 1969 -- present Labels Culture Factory , Razor & Tie , Columbia , Renaissance , Red Steel , Spectra Walter Egan ( born July 12 , 1948 ) is an American rock musician , best known for his 1978 gold status hit single `` Magnet and Steel '' from his second album release , Not Shy , produced by Lindsey Buckingham and Richard Dashut . The song reached # 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 and # 18 on the Easy Listening chart . Overseas , it peaked at # 32 on the Australian Singles Chart , Kent Music Report . Contents ( hide ) 1 Early years and education 2 Career 2.1 Music 2.2 Game show appearances 3 Discography 4 References 5 External links Early years and education ( edit ) Egan was born in Queens , New York , United States . In 1970 , as a sculpture major , he earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree at Georgetown University in Washington , D.C. as one of Georgetown 's first art majors . Egan started his career in the arts , concentrating on printmaking and painting , and the music business . As early as 1969 , Egan was playing guitar and composing songs . While an undergraduate , he was a lead guitarist and backup vocalist for the college - formed group Sageworth and Drums , also known as Sageworth . The group evolved from a group of Georgetown University undergraduate students playing weekend mixers and parties to a tight , professional headlining act with a reputation as one of the best and most original bands in the greater Washington , D.C. area . Other members included Peter Barry Chowka , lead vocal and guitar ; John Zambetti , guitar and backing vocals ; Tom Guidera , bass and backing vocals ; and Matthew Sheppard , drums , with Annie McLoone added later as a lead singer . In late 1971 , Sageworth relocated to Boston and spent the next two years performing around the Northeast before finally breaking up , at which point Walter moved to Los Angeles and began his career as a solo artist . Career ( edit ) Music ( edit ) In 1977 , Lindsey Buckingham of Fleetwood Mac co-produced Walter Egan 's first album , Fundamental Roll , with Stevie Nicks , also of Fleetwood Mac . The hit song , `` Magnet and Steel '' , inspired by Nicks and from his second album `` Not Shy '' , was featured in the 1997 film Boogie Nights , the 1998 film Overnight Delivery , and the 1999 film Deuce Bigalow : Male Gigolo . Egan also wrote `` Hearts on Fire '' , which was covered by Gram Parsons on his album Grievous Angel , and `` Hot Summer Nights '' , which was the first hit for the band Night , which included such session musicians as Nicky Hopkins and Robbie McIntosh . Egan scored minor hits with his own version of `` Hot Summer Nights '' , as well as `` Only the Lucky '' and `` Fool Moon Fire '' . Egan later toured as a member of a latter - day version of Spirit . Egan is listed as co-writer on the Eminem hit `` We Made You '' . The song 's producer , Dr. Dre , believed he was inspired by the bass line from ( and used samples of ) Egan 's `` Hot Summer Nights '' . In 2008 , he participated in a music industry seminar ( with Bill Danoff ) at Georgetown University . In 2011 , from his home in Franklin , he produced a new album entitled Raw Elegant that was released on Spectra Records . Game show appearances ( edit ) In 1985 , Egan was a four - time champion on the game show Catchphrase . In 1986 , Egan appeared as a contestant on the television game show Scrabble . During his introduction segment , Egan identified himself as a singer and songwriter . Host Chuck Woolery asked Egan to sing a bit from one of his songs , and he sang the main hook from `` Magnet and Steel '' . Discography ( edit ) Albums Fundamental Roll ( Culture Factory , 1977 ) Not Shy ( Columbia , 1978 ) HiFi ( Columbia , 1979 ) The Last Stroll ( Columbia , 1980 ) Wild Exhibitions ( Renaissance , 1983 ) Walternative ( We , 1999 ) The Lost Album ( Renaissance , 2000 ) Maddog ( Red Steel , 2001 ) Apocalypso Now ( Gaff , 2002 ) The Meaning of Live ( Red Steel , 2004 ) Raw Elegant ( Spectra , 2011 ) Myth America ( Classic Music Vault , 2014 ) Singles `` Only The Lucky '' / `` I 'd Rather Have Fun '' ( Columbia 10531 , 1977 ) `` When I Get My Wheels '' / `` Waitin ' '' ( Columbia 10591 , 1977 ) `` Magnet And Steel '' / `` Tunnel O ' Love '' ( Columbia 10719 , 1978 ) `` Hot Summer Nights '' / `` She 's So Tough '' ( Columbia 10824 , 1978 ) `` Magnet And Steel '' / `` Only The Lucky '' ( Columbia Hall of Fame 33353 , 1979 ) `` Unloved '' / `` Make It Alone '' ( Columbia 10916 , 1979 ) `` You 're The One '' / `` Like You Do '' ( Columbia 11046 , 1979 ) `` That 's That '' / `` Hi Fi Love '' ( Columbia 11116 , 1979 ) `` Baby Let 's Runaway '' / `` Johnny Z ( Is A Real Cool Guy ) '' ( Columbia 11297 , 1980 ) `` Fool Moon Fire '' / `` Tammy Ann '' ( Backstreet 52200 , 1983 ) `` Star Of My Heart '' / `` Joyce '' ( Backstreet 52249 , 1983 ) `` Magnet And Steel '' / `` Only The Lucky '' ( Collectables 33353 ) References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : `` Not Shy - Walter Egan - Songs , Reviews , Credits '' . AllMusic . Retrieved 11 April 2017 . Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 2002 ) . Top Adult Contemporary : 1961 - 2001 . Record Research . p. 85 . Jump up ^ `` One Hit Wonders '' . Australian-charts.com . October 22 , 2008 . Retrieved 2011 - 08 - 06 . Jump up ^ `` Walter Egan - Biography & History '' . AllMusic . Retrieved 11 April 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Reger , Jeff ( March 13 , 2008 ) . `` Take Me Home '' . The Georgetown Voice . Retrieved May 6 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` WalterEgan.com - Official Web Site of Walter Egan '' . Walteregan.com . Retrieved 11 April 2017 . Jump up ^ `` The Penguin Q&A Sessions : Walter Egan '' . FleetwoodMac.net . October 13 -- 26 , 1999 . Retrieved 2013 - 05 - 06 . Jump up ^ Whitburn , Joel ( 2000 ) . Top Pop Singles 1955 - 1999 . Menomonee Falls , WI : Record Research . pp. 201 , 466 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 89820 - 139 - 0 . Jump up ^ Adelson , Martin E. `` Walter Egan Question and Answer Session '' . Fleetwoodmac.net . Retrieved 11 April 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Eminem - Relapse '' . Discogs.com . Retrieved 11 April 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Eminem - Relapse ( CD , Album ) '' . Discogs.com . Retrieved 2012 - 03 - 14 . External links ( edit ) Walter Egan 's MySpace page Walternative - Walter Egan Fansite - Gram Parsons Guitar Pull site VIAF : 33668513 MusicBrainz : c0c71b1c - d524 - 44c1 - bd20 - 04531270cc77 IATH : w6s58zdp Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walter_Egan&oldid=807105771 '' Categories : 1948 births Living people American bass guitarists Songwriters from New York ( state ) American male singers American singers People from Queens , New York Guitarists from New York ( state ) Hidden categories : BLP articles lacking sources from April 2017 All BLP articles lacking sources Articles with hCards Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers Wikipedia articles with SNAC - ID identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Français Edit links This page was last edited on 25 October 2017 , at 23 : 01 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . 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Question: who sings you are a magnet and i am steel