Sons of Anarchy - wikipedia Sons of Anarchy Jump to : navigation , search Sons of Anarchy Genre Crime drama Contemporary Western Tragedy Created by Kurt Sutter Starring Charlie Hunnam Katey Sagal Mark Boone Junior Kim Coates Tommy Flanagan Johnny Lewis Maggie Siff Ron Perlman Ryan Hurst William Lucking Theo Rossi Dayton Callie Jimmy Smits Drea De Matteo David Labrava Niko Nicotera Theme music composer Bob Thiele Dave Kushner Curtis Stigers Opening theme `` This Life '' by Curtis Stigers & The Forest Rangers Composer ( s ) Bob Thiele Jr . Country of origin United States Original language ( s ) English No. of seasons 7 No. of episodes 92 ( list of episodes ) Production Executive producer ( s ) Kurt Sutter John Linson Art Linson James D. Parriott Paris Barclay Dave Erickson Producer ( s ) Phil Laudicina Regina Corrado Liz Sagal Craig Yahata Chris Collins Grace Whitehouse Location ( s ) Occidental Studios , North Hollywood , California Cinematography Paul Maibaum Editor ( s ) Paul Fontaine Etienne des Lauriers Lauren Pendergrass Running time 41 -- 81 minutes Production company ( s ) Linson The Company Sutter Ink Fox 21 FX Productions Distributor 20th Television Release Original network FX Original release September 3 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 03 ) -- December 9 , 2014 ( 2014 - 12 - 09 ) Chronology Followed by Mayans MC Sons of Anarchy is an American crime drama television series created by Kurt Sutter , that aired in 2008 and ended in 2014 . It follows the lives of a close - knit outlaw motorcycle club operating in Charming , a fictional town in California 's Central Valley . The show stars Charlie Hunnam as Jackson `` Jax '' Teller , who is initially the vice president and subsequently the president of the club . He soon begins to question the club and himself . Brotherhood , loyalty and redemption are constant themes . Sons of Anarchy premiered on September 3 , 2008 , on cable network FX . The series 's third season attracted an average of 4.9 million weekly viewers , making it FX 's highest rated series and surpassing its other hits The Shield , Nip / Tuck and Rescue Me . Season four and five premieres were the two highest - rated telecasts in FX 's history . The sixth season aired from September 10 , 2013 , through December 10 , 2013 . The seventh and final season of the series premiered on September 9 , 2014 . The series finale premiered on December 9 , 2014 . This series explores vigilantism , government corruption and racism , and depicts an outlaw motorcycle club as an analogy for human transformation . The real life Oakland Hells Angel David Labrava served as a technical advisers , and also played one of the main characters , Happy Lowman , the club 's assassin . On November 2013 , Sutter indicated that he was in talks with FX to make a Sons of Anarchy prequel set in the 1960s . In February 2015 , he said he would not work on the prequel , which is likely to be titled `` The First 9 '' . In November 2016 , FX announced the development of a spin - off series Mayans MC that will be centered around Latino culture . Contents ( hide ) 1 Series overview 1.1 Season 1 ( 2008 ) 1.2 Season 2 ( 2009 ) 1.3 Season 3 ( 2010 ) 1.4 Season 4 ( 2011 ) 1.5 Season 5 ( 2012 ) 1.6 Season 6 ( 2013 ) 1.7 Season 7 ( 2014 ) 2 Cast and characters 2.1 Main 2.2 Recurring 3 Elements 3.1 Concept 3.2 SAMCRO founders 3.3 SAMCRO attire 3.4 Vehicles 3.5 Activities and affiliates 3.6 SAMCRO properties 3.7 Shakespearean influence 3.8 SAMCRO hierarchy 4 Production 4.1 Crew 4.2 Filming 5 Episodes 6 Reception 6.1 Critical reception 6.1. 1 Season one 6.1. 2 Season two 6.1. 3 Season three 6.1. 4 Season four 6.1. 5 Season five 6.1. 6 Season six 6.1. 7 Season seven 6.2 Ratings 6.3 Awards and nominations 7 Music 7.1 Soundtracks 8 Other media 8.1 Comic book 8.2 Novel series 8.3 Potential prequel 8.4 Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect 8.5 Spin - off 9 Broadcast 10 References 11 External links Series overview ( edit ) Each season involves parallel plot lines that intertwine and overlap , centering on both the personal and family life of Jackson `` Jax '' Teller ( Charlie Hunnam ) and on SAMCRO ( Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club , Redwood Original ) . SAMCRO is involved with gun - running in the western United States , and deals with rival gangs , politicians and the authorities . As vice president and later president of SAMCRO , Jax struggles to manage the club and the legacy of its founder , his late father John . SAMCRO is said to resemble the Hells Angels Motorcycle Club ; the series includes appearances from David Labrava ( Happy ) , Chuck Zito ( Frankie Diamonds ) , Rusty Coones ( Quinn ) , and Sonny Barger ( Lenny `` The Pimp '' Janowitz ) who are real Hells Angels members . Season 1 ( 2008 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 1 ) The series begins with the destruction of a warehouse the club uses to store and assemble guns , which is their main source of income , by a rival MC right before the overdose of Jax 's Methamphetamine - addicted ex-wife Wendy . An emergency C - section is performed , and their son Abel is delivered ten weeks prematurely . Jax finds his father 's memoirs when he visits a storage unit to collect some old baby clothes . John Teller , Jax 's father , was one of the founders of SAMCRO , and the book describes his trials with and hopes for the club . Jax 's mother , Gemma Teller - Morrow , is now married to the President of SAMCRO , Clay Morrow . Jax 's best friend Opie has just been released from prison for serving time for a club - related crime . The first season deals with Jax trying to reconcile things happening to the club with what he reads in his father 's memoirs , Opie trying to take a lesser role in the club , and local and federal law enforcement trying to shut down SAMCRO . Season 2 ( 2009 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 2 ) White separatists called the League of American Nationalists ( LOAN ) arrive in Charming . LOAN 's leader Ethan Zobelle and Zobelle 's enforcer , A.J. Weston , seek to drive the Sons of Anarchy from Charming . To send a message to SAMCRO , Zobelle orchestrates to have Gemma kidnapped and gang raped by Weston and two others . Due to the improper handling of an internal problem , the rift between Clay and Jax continues to widen as Jax challenges most of Clay 's decisions and comes to a head when a lone car bomb nearly kills another member of SAMCRO . The second season sees SAMCRO battling LOAN for control of Charming , Jax and Clay veering further apart in their individual visions for the club , and evading the ever - present threat of the ATF . Season 3 ( 2010 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 3 ) Gemma has been hiding in Rogue River , Oregon with Tig at the home of Gemma 's father , Nate ( Hal Holbrook ) , who suffers from dementia . Gemma struggles when she takes Nate to his new assisted living home , and he pleads to be taken back to his house . She returns to Charming to reunite with her grandson , unaware he has been kidnapped . The return of A.T.F. agent Stahl twists the facts about the murder of Donna , Stahl attempts to make a deal with Jax behind the club 's back . Father Kellan Ashby 's sister , Maureen , contacts Gemma at Ashby 's request and tells her Abel is safe in Belfast . Upon learning of her grandson 's abduction , Gemma suffers a cardiac arrhythmia and collapses in the Teller - Morrow lot . After the club returns from Ireland and brings home Abel , agent Stahl double crosses Jax and tells the club about the side deal Jax made with her , unaware that Jax and the club had it planned all along knowing Stahl would back out of the deal . Jax , Clay , Bobby , Tig , Juice and Happy are hauled away to jail . While Opie , Chibbs , and the Prospects are all en route following Stahl . Opie kills Stahl to avenge the death of his wife , Donna . Season 4 ( 2011 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 4 ) The imprisoned SAMCRO members leave the penitentiary after their 14 - month stay and are met by Lieutenant Eli Roosevelt of the San Joaquin Sheriff 's Department , the new law enforcement present in Charming . They also discover Hale has become the mayor . US Attorney Lincoln Potter seeks Lieutenant Roosevelt 's help to build a RICO case against SAMCRO . Season 5 ( 2012 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 5 ) In retaliation for the death of Veronica Pope ( Laroy 's girlfriend , who was also the daughter of powerful Oakland kingpin Damon Pope ) , the Niners attack SAMCRO and ambush a cargo shipment . With the death of Piney Winston and the growing conflict between the Niners and SAMCRO , along with several home invasions targeting people linked to the Club , Jax is forced to meet with Damon Pope , to face a new threat unlike anything SAMCRO has ever faced . Season 6 ( 2013 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 6 ) Following the arrest of Tara and Clay , Jax struggles to hold SAMCRO together while Tara is imprisoned . Toric approaches both Tara and Clay and offers them deals in exchange for giving up SAMCRO ; both initially refuse , but Clay later relents when confronted with being thrown into the prison 's general population and assuredly being killed by inmates paid off by Damon Pope 's men as a retaliation for Pope 's murder . Juice returns to Charming after helping Bobby relocate after stepping down as VP , which angers Chibs , who does n't believe Juice has been punished enough for talking to cops and later beats him . With the growing romance between Gemma and Nero , the death of Clay Morrow , and death of Tara , the tables get turned and club starts to go in a new darker direction . Season 7 ( 2014 ) ( edit ) Main article : Sons of Anarchy ( season 7 ) Jax struggles with his recent loss and turns himself in to the authorities . While in jail , Jax makes decisions that radically alter the direction of the club and uses it to exact revenge . Another member 's death fuels the hate and lies created by Gemma and Juice , who are on the run and hiding from the club . After Jax learns the truth , he works to make things right with all parties involved . The series ends with Jax making the ultimate sacrifice to complete his part of the story of SAMCRO and fulfill his father 's vision . Cast and characters ( edit ) Main article : List of Sons of Anarchy characters Sons of Anarchy is the story of the Teller - Morrow family of Charming , California , as well as the other members of Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club , Redwood Original ( SAMCRO ) , their families , various Charming townspeople , allied and rival gangs , associates , and law agencies that undermine or support SAMCRO 's legal and illegal enterprises . Main ( edit ) Character Actor Seasons 5 6 7 Jax Teller Charlie Hunnam Main Gemma Teller Morrow Katey Sagal Main Bobby Munson Mark Boone Junior Main Alex `` Tig '' Trager Kim Coates Main Filip `` Chibs '' Telford Tommy Flanagan Main Kip `` Half - Sack '' Epps Johnny Lewis Main Tara Knowles Maggie Siff Main Clarence `` Clay '' Morrow Ron Perlman Main Opie Winston Ryan Hurst Recurring Main Piney Winston William Lucking Recurring Main Juan Carlos `` Juice '' Ortiz Theo Rossi Recurring Main Wayne Unser Dayton Callie Recurring Main Wendy Case Drea de Matteo Special Guest Special Guest Main Happy David Labrava Guest Co-star Recurring Main Ratboy Niko Nicotera Recurring Main Nero Jimmy Smits Special Guest Starring Recurring ( edit ) Emilio Rivera as Marcus Alvarez Tory Kittles as Laroy Wayne ( seasons 1 -- 4 ) Taylor Sheridan as Deputy Chief David Hale ( seasons 1 -- 3 ) Jamie McShane as Cameron Hayes ( seasons 1 -- 3 ) Dendrie Taylor as Luann Delaney ( seasons 1 -- 2 ) Glenn Plummer as Deputy Sheriff Vic Trammel ( seasons 1 -- 2 ) Julie Ariola as Mary Winston ( seasons 1 -- 2 ) Taryn Manning as Rita `` Cherry '' Zambell ( seasons 1 & 3 ) Sprague Grayden as Donna Winston ( season 1 ) Jay Karnes as Agent Joshua Kohn ( season 1 ) Keir O'Donnell as Lowell Harland , Jr. ( season 1 ) Ally Walker as Agent June Stahl ( seasons 1 -- 3 ) Jeff Wincott as Jimmy Cacuzza ( guest season 1 , 5 & 6 ) Mitch Pileggi as Ernest Darby ( seasons 1 -- 2 ; special guest season 3 ; guest season 6 ) Michael Ornstein as Chuck Marstein ( seasons 2 -- 7 ; guest season 1 ) Adam Arkin as Ethan Zobelle ( season 2 ) Kenneth Choi as Henry Lin ( seasons 2 -- 3 & 5 -- 6 ; guest season 1 ; special guest season 7 ) Kurt Sutter as `` Big '' Otto Delaney ( seasons 2 -- 6 ( uncredited ) ; guest season 1 ( uncredited ) ) Patrick St. Esprit as Elliott Oswald ( seasons 2 -- 4 ; guest seasons 1 & 6 ) Marcos de la Cruz as Estevez ( seasons 2 -- 3 ; guest season 1 ) Winter Ave Zoli as Lyla Winston ( seasons 2 -- 7 ) McNally Sagal as Margaret Murphy ( seasons 2 -- 6 ) Kristen Renton as Ima ( seasons 2 -- 6 ) Titus Welliver as Jimmy O'Phelan ( seasons 2 -- 3 ) Bellina Logan as Fiona Larkin ( seasons 2 -- 3 ) Henry Rollins as AJ Weston ( season 2 ) Callard Harris as Edmond Hayes ( season 2 ) Sarah Jones as Polly Zobelle ( season 2 ) Jeff Kober as Jacob Hale , Jr. ( seasons 3 -- 6 ; guest season 2 ) Christopher Douglas Reed as Philip `` Filthy Phil '' Russell ( seasons 3 -- 6 ) Robin Weigert as Ally Lowen ( seasons 3 -- 6 ) Michael Beach as T.O. Cross ( seasons 3 & 7 ; guest season 5 ) Hal Holbrook as Nate Madok ( season 3 ; guest season 7 ) Jose Pablo Cantillo as Hector Salazar ( season 3 ) James Cosmo as Father Kellen Ashby ( season 3 ) Zoe Boyle as Trinity Ashby ( season 3 ) Andrew McPhee as Keith McGee ( season 3 ) Arie Verveen as Liam O'Neill ( season 3 ) Pamela J. Gray as Agent Amy Tyler ( season 3 ) Marcello Thedford as Lander Jackson ( season 3 ) Joel Tobeck as Donny ( season 3 ) Darin Heames as Seamus Ryan ( season 3 ) Q'orianka Kilcher as Kerrianne Larkin - Telford ( season 3 ) Monique Gabriela Curnen as Amelia Dominguez ( season 3 ) Michael Fairman as Lumpy Feldstein ( season 3 ) Bob McCracken as Brendan Roarke ( seasons 4 & 6 -- 7 ; guest season 3 ) Frank Potter as Eric Miles ( season 4 ; co-star season 3 ) Walter Wong as Chris `` V - Lin '' Von Lin ( seasons 4 -- 6 ) Timothy V. Murphy as Galen O'Shay ( seasons 4 -- 6 ) Merle Dandridge as Rita Roosevelt ( seasons 4 -- 5 ) Benito Martinez as Luis Torres ( season 4 ; special guest season 5 ) David Rees Snell as Agent Grad Nicholas ( season 4 ) Billy Brown as August Marks ( seasons 5 -- 7 ) Reynaldo Gallegos as Fiasco ( seasons 5 -- 7 ) Chuck Zito as Frankie Diamonds ( season 5 ) Chris Browning as GoGo ( season 5 ) Kurt Yaeger as Greg `` The Peg '' ( season 5 ) Wanda De Jesus as Carla ( season 5 ) LaMonica Garrett as Deputy Sheriff Cane ( seasons 6 -- 7 ; co-star seasons 4 -- 5 ) Rusty Coones as Rane Quinn ( seasons 6 -- 7 ; co-star season 5 ) Kim Dickens as Colette Jane ( seasons 6 -- 7 ) Kenny Johnson as Herman Kozik ( seasons 2 - 4 ) Douglas Bennett as Orlin West ( seasons 6 -- 7 ) Jacob Vargas as Allesandro Montez ( seasons 6 -- 7 ) Scott Anderson as Connor Malone ( seasons 6 -- 7 ) Steve Howey as Hopper ( season 6 ) Michael Shamus Wiles as Jury White ( season 7 ; guest seasons 1 & 6 ) Marya Delver as Officer Candy Eglee ( season 7 ; co-star seasons 1 -- 3 & 6 ) Mo McRae as Tyler ( season 7 ; guest seasons 5 -- 6 ) Hayley McFarland as Brooke Putner ( season 7 ; guest season 6 ) Marilyn Manson as Ron Tully ( season 7 ) Malcolm - Jamal Warner as Sticky ( season 7 ) Ivo Nandi as Oscar `` El Oso '' Ramos ( season 7 ) Ron Yuan as Ryu Tom ( season 7 ) Brad Carter as Leland Gruen ( season 7 ) April Grace as Loutreesha Haddem ( season 7 ) Arjay Smith as Grant McQueen ( season 7 ) Matthew St. Patrick as Moses Cartwright ( season 7 ) Tony Curran as Gaines ( season 7 ) Elements ( edit ) Concept ( edit ) The Sons of Anarchy ( SOA ) is an outlaw motorcycle club with many charters in the United States as well as overseas . The show focuses on the original and founding ( `` mother '' ) charter , Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club , Redwood Original , referred to by the acronym SAMCRO or Sam Crow , located in the fictional town of Charming , California , adjacent to the Teller - Morrow auto mechanic shop . Its nickname is reflected in the original title for the show , Forever Sam Crow . Led by President Clay Morrow , the club ' protects ' and controls Charming through close community relationships , bribery , and violent intimidation . In the early seasons they are vehement about keeping `` hard '' drugs and drug dealers out of Charming . They also do not tolerate sex criminals . The club 's leadership are supporters of the IRA . SAMCRO founders ( edit ) John Teller and Piermont `` Piney '' Winston co-founded SAMCRO in 1967 on returning from the Vietnam War . When John 's wife Gemma becomes pregnant with their second son , Jackson ( Jax ) , they settle in Gemma 's hometown of Charming . Six of the `` Redwood Original 9 '' , or `` First 9 '' , members were Vietnam vets , with only Lenny Janowitz alive at the end of the series . SAMCRO attire ( edit ) Club members wear vests known as kuttes . The SOA patch on the back is a Grim Reaper holding a crystal ball with the Anarchist circle - A symbol , and wielding the Reaper 's traditional scythe , the handle of which has been replaced by the M16 rifle that the founders wielded in Vietnam . Only full members can wear the `` patch '' . Other smaller patches have specific meanings , such as `` Men of Mayhem '' worn by club members who have spilled blood on the club 's behalf , `` First 9 '' , worn by the original nine members , and those for the President / Vice President / Sergeant at Arms / Secretary . Kelli Jones was the costume designer for all the seasons . Due to its popularity , replicas of the vests , with the same style of top pockets , zips and button clasps , have become popular on various auction sites . Vehicles ( edit ) The Sons ride customised Harley - Davidson Dyna motorcycles . Each rider customises his own bike to his individual style ; however , they all paint their bikes black and most sport T - bar style handlebars . A patchholder 's bike usually sports the Sons of Anarchy letters , the club 's Grim Reaper logo , or the circled `` A '' club logo . In later seasons , several members switch to more touring - oriented models . For instance , Jax is often seen on a Street Glide . Prospects are not permitted to paint their bikes black until they get patched in . Jax is also seen driving a silver Dodge Ram 1500 throughout the show . His mother ( Gemma Teller Morrow ) is usually seen driving a Cadillac XLR - V and an Escalade . Later in Season 6 she is seen driving a Lincoln Navigator ( all are painted black ) . Throughout season 7 Jax is seen refurbishing his father 's bike , a stock 1946 Harley Davidson , equipped with the correct Knucklehead motor and hardtail cradle frame . The bike which he rides in the Season 7 finale 's last scenes is fitted with an Evolution motor , and late - model swing arm frame . The Mayans MC also ride Harley Davidson motorcycles ( Panheads , Shovelheads and Evolutions ) . The biggest difference between their bikes and the Sons ' lies in ape hanger bars , fender skirts and bikes of all colors . Nero Padilla errs when referring to the year of his blue Impala SS . While he mentions the `` lack of child safety features in 1964 '' , it is actually a 1963 Impala SS . Activities and affiliates ( edit ) Some members have day jobs in local industries ; most work at the Teller - Morrow garage as mechanics , but they primarily make money by illegally importing weapons and selling them to various gangs , and making protection runs for local businesses by defending valuable truck shipments against hijacking . During Season 4 they start to mule cocaine for the Galindo cartel in exchange for cash and protection . In later seasons they manage a porn studio and an escort business , both legitimately . SAMCRO keeps meth traffickers and drug dealers out of Charming , which puts them at odds with the meth - distributing white supremacist Nordics ( AKA Nords ) , headed by Ernest Darby . This earns them respect and admiration from the townspeople , who believe the Sons do more to protect their town than its own police . SAMCRO also has to deal with a rival , Oakland - based motorcycle club ( MC ) , the Mayans led by Marcus Alvarez ( played by Emilio Rivera , who also appeared in The Shield as Mexican drug dealer Navarro Quintero ) . Other groups in SAMCRO 's orbit include the San Francisco -- based Chinese mafia Lin Triad , led by Henry Lin ; the Italian American Cacuzza crime family ; the Russian mob led by Viktor Putlova ; the Real IRA ( aka RIRA ) of Ireland , which supplies them with illegal Russian - made guns ; the `` One - Niners '' , an African American street gang ( which also appeared on The Shield , thus possibly putting the two in the same fictional universe ) to whom SAMCRO sell weapons ; and various affiliates in the state prison system , where many members of the club have been incarcerated at one time or another . These gangs serve important roles in either being enemies of the clubs or soon to be partners with the MC to bring in more money . SAMCRO properties ( edit ) In the series premiere , the Mayans torch the facility the SAMCRO used for storing and assembling guns , forcing the club to buy land for and build another facility . The clubhouse , described above , includes a living area with multiple rooms ( where members sometimes crash for the night ) , a fully operational bar , a pool table , a kitchen , a workout room , and the `` chapel '' , a room with an elaborate redwood conference table that has a reaper logo carved into the top , where the patched members meet to discuss club business and vote on major decisions . The club owns a secluded cabin in the woods and a warehouse outside of town ( which was bought from but is still maintained by club associate Elliot Oswald ) , where they have stored weapons and cocaine for the Galindo Cartel . The club also rents an old soda fountain / candy shop that is used as the clubhouse in seasons 6 and 7 after the Teller / Morrow clubhouse was destroyed in an explosion . They also spend time at Red Woody , the club 's porn studio ( run by Lyla ) , and Diosa and Diosa Norte , the club 's two escort agencies . Shakespearean influence ( edit ) Sons of Anarchy has commonly been called `` Hamlet on Harleys '' . Similar to Hamlet , Jax 's father was usurped by his father 's SAMCRO `` brother '' , who then married Jax 's mother . There are also intermittent hints at an Oedipal complex between Jax and Gemma , reflecting 20th - century interpretations of the relationship between Hamlet and his mother Queen Gertrude . Jax 's murder of the innocent Jury in season 7 mirrors Hamlet 's murder of the innocent Polonius in that it ultimately leads to his downfall . Sutter has said of the Shakespeare element , `` I do n't want to overplay that but it 's there . It was Jax 's father who started the club , so he 's the ghost in the action . You wonder what he would have made of the way it turned out . It 's not a version of Hamlet but it 's definitely influenced by it . '' Ron Perlman believed they were `` going to stick to the structure of Hamlet all the way to the end ( of the series ) . '' Numerous episode titles refer to Hamlet including : Season 1 , Episode 9 , `` Hell Followed '' . This refers to Act 1 , Scene 4 of Hamlet in which Hamlet follows his father 's ghost , unsure of whether he comes from hell . Season 4 , Episode 12 , `` Burnt and Purged Away '' . This quote is taken from Act I , Scene 5 of Hamlet , in which the ghost of Hamlet 's father explains to Hamlet that he is doomed to suffer in Purgatory until he has paid for all of his sins . Season 4 , Episodes 13 -- 14 , `` To Be , Act 1 '' and `` To Be , Act 2 '' . These refer to the famous To be , or not to be soliloquy . Season 5 , Episode 11 , `` To Thine Own Self '' . This quote references Polonius ' advice to his son Laertes . Season 7 , Episode 9 , `` What a Piece of Work Is Man '' . This refers to Hamlet 's What a piece of work is a man speech in Act II , Scene 2 . Season 7 , Episode 11 , `` Suits of Woe '' . This is from Act 1 , Scene 2 , `` I have that within which passeth show , these but the trappings and the suits of woe . '' In the Season 1 premiere , Gemma is shown cleaning Jax 's house , and he notes that she is always cleaning . This behavior , combined with her ambitions and ( sometimes murderous ) machinations , have prompted some reviewers and commentators to liken her to Lady Macbeth . SAMCRO hierarchy ( edit ) Season 1 Season 2 Season 3 Season 4 Season 5 Season 6 Season 7 After Season 7 President Clarence `` Clay '' Morrow Jackson `` Jax '' Teller Filip `` Chibs '' Telford Vice President Jackson `` Jax '' Teller Bobby `` Elvis '' Munson Filip `` Chibs '' Telford Alex `` Tig '' Trager Sgt - at - Arms Alex `` Tig '' Trager Filip `` Chibs '' Telford Happy Lowman Production ( edit ) Crew ( edit ) The series was created by Kurt Sutter . Sutter was also the showrunner , the series ' most prolific writer , and a regular director ; he directed each season finale . Sutter had previously worked as an executive producer for the FX series The Shield . The Sons of Anarchy 's ' other executive producers are father and son team Art Linson and John Linson ; Jim Parriott served as an executive producer and writer for the first season only . Paris Barclay joined Sons of Anarchy as an executive producer in the fourth season , after directing episodes in the first and second season . In addition to serving as Executive Producer in the fourth , fifth , and sixth seasons , Barclay directed three episodes each season , including the season 4 and 5 premieres , the top two highest - rated telecasts in the history of FX . Jack LoGiudice served as a consulting producer and regular writer for the first season . He became co-executive producer for the second season , then left the series to work on The Walking Dead . Dave Erickson also worked as a consulting producer for the first and second seasons , and then took over as co-executive producer for the third season . The series ' other regular writers are supervising producer Chris Collins and co-producer Regina Corrado . Shawn Rutherford joined as consulting producer for seasons 6 and 7 . Sutter drew regular directors from The Shield including Stephen Kay , Gwyneth Horder - Payton , Guy Ferland , and Billy Gierhart . Filming ( edit ) Although Sons of Anarchy is set in Northern California 's Central Valley ( with some scenes in the Bay Area ) , it was filmed primarily at Occidental Studios Stage 5A in North Hollywood . Main sets located there included the clubhouse , St. Thomas Hospital , and Jax 's house . The production rooms at the studio used by the writing staff doubled as the Charming police station . External scenes were often filmed nearby in Sun Valley , Acton , California , and Tujunga . Interior and exterior scenes set in Northern Ireland during season 3 were also filmed at Occidental Studios and surrounding areas . A second unit shot footage in Northern Ireland used in the third season . Episodes ( edit ) Main article : List of Sons of Anarchy episodes Season Episodes Originally aired Viewers ( in millions ) First aired Last aired 13 September 3 , 2008 ( 2008 - 09 - 03 ) November 26 , 2008 ( 2008 - 11 - 26 ) 2.21 13 September 8 , 2009 ( 2009 - 09 - 08 ) December 1 , 2009 ( 2009 - 12 - 01 ) 3.67 13 September 7 , 2010 ( 2010 - 09 - 07 ) November 30 , 2010 ( 2010 - 11 - 30 ) N / A 14 September 6 , 2011 ( 2011 - 09 - 06 ) December 6 , 2011 ( 2011 - 12 - 06 ) 5.45 5 13 September 11 , 2012 ( 2012 - 09 - 11 ) December 4 , 2012 ( 2012 - 12 - 04 ) N / A 6 13 September 10 , 2013 ( 2013 - 09 - 10 ) December 10 , 2013 ( 2013 - 12 - 10 ) 7.48 7 13 September 9 , 2014 ( 2014 - 09 - 09 ) December 9 , 2014 ( 2014 - 12 - 09 ) 4.60 Reception ( edit ) Critical reception ( edit ) Metacritic ratings per season Season 1 Season 2 Season 3 Season 4 Season 5 Season 6 Season 7 Rating 68 86 84 81 72 74 68 Sons of Anarchy has received very favorable reviews over the course of its run , with many singling out Katey Sagal 's performance . On the review aggregator website Metacritic , the first season scored 68 / 100 , the second season scored 86 / 100 , the third season scored 84 / 100 , the fourth season scored 81 / 100 , the fifth season scored 72 / 100 and the 6th season scored 74 / 100 . In 2013 , a collection of essays on the series was published . Season one ( edit ) Members of the cast during a USO visit to Kuwait The first season received positive reviews from industry critics . It scored a 68 on Metacritic , indicating `` generally favorable reviews '' Matthew Gilbert of The Boston Globe said the first season had `` real potential '' . The New York Times ' Gina Bellafante spoke highly of the cast 's acting ability , particularly Sagal 's portrayal of Gemma . Brian Lowry of Variety gave a mixed review , admiring Sutter 's creation of the club and the town of Charming but observing the early episodes lacked direction . Season two ( edit ) The second season saw a substantial increase in positive reviews . Writing for Chicago Tribune , Maureen Ryan called the second season `` engrossing '' . She elaborated that `` the pacing is better ( and ) the plotting is tighter '' and commends Sagal and Perlman for their performances . Variety 's Stuart Levine stated that the new season was `` compelling '' ; he also complimented the acting skill of Perlman , Sagal , Hunnam and Siff . James Poniewozik of TIME called Sagal 's performance `` devastatingly powerful '' and named the series on his list of Top 10 Shows of 2009 . Season three ( edit ) Some critics felt the third season was dragged down by the previous season 's cliffhanger . James Poniewozik of TIME called the season three premiere `` breathtaking '' and praised Sagal 's performance with Holbrook . He later stated that Abel 's disappearance helped return the show to its central problem : Jax 's allegiance to the club . Entertainment Weekly 's Ken Tucker agreed that Holbrook and Sagal 's scenes were `` beautiful '' . He also commented that the series handled themes of loyalty and family especially well . Maureen Ryan commented that the third season divided critics and fans alike , suggesting the expanded Belfast cast made it harder for the audience to invest in the characters ' journeys . Ryan later questioned the credibility of Hector Salazar 's story , noting that he was inferior to other villainous characters such as Stahl , Zobelle and Weston . However , she praised Ally Walker 's performance , comparing her character to The Shield 's Vic Mackey . Critic Alan Sepinwall said the season was `` interesting but uneven '' , noting that the plot gained traction in later episodes . Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter said `` Sutter should be applauded for shaking things up '' , calling the slower pace a `` creative necessity '' . Season four ( edit ) Alan Sepinwall stated that the fourth season risked predictability by returning to a successful formula of storytelling , but he nonetheless preferred those episodes to those of season three . Maureen Ryan reviewed the fourth season positively . She praised the addition of Lincoln Potter ( played by Ray McKinnon ) , comparing the character 's quality to that of Breaking Bad 's antagonist , Gustavo Fring . The A.V. Club called the fourth season more `` focused '' and `` operatic '' . A.V. Club reviewer Zack Handlen was fond of the season but felt disappointed with the finale , saying it featured a `` lousy case of dictated convenience , of an arbitrary and unbelievable reveal used to shift characters around to where the writers want them to be for next season , as opposed to where they might land organically . '' However , the review did praise Charlie Hunnam 's performance in the finale . TIME said the fourth season was the strongest since season two , but the show needed to end sooner rather than later . TIME also agreed that the finale 's contrivances were sometimes too visible , stating `` it 's the principle : you can only turn up alive at your own funeral so many times before it starts to lose its impact . '' Season five ( edit ) Season five received favorable reviews and has a rating of 72 on the review aggregator site Metacritic . Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly praised the series by calling it a `` richly detailed portrait of self - righteous villainy '' . The series had a rating of 8.6 / 10 on the review site IMDB . Season six ( edit ) Season six received generally favorable reviews and scored a 74 out of 100 on Metacritic . Season seven ( edit ) Season seven received generally favorable reviews and scored a 68 out of 100 on Metacritic . Ratings ( edit ) The seventh season 's premiere on September 9 , 2014 received the highest ratings in the series ' history . The episode was watched by 6.20 million viewers . Season Timeslot ( ET ) Episodes Premiered Ended Average viewers ( in millions ) Date Premiere viewers ( in millions ) Date Finale viewers ( in millions ) Season 1 Wednesday 10 : 00 pm 13 September 3 , 2008 November 26 , 2008 2.21 2.2 Season 2 Tuesday 10 : 00 pm 13 September 8 , 2009 4.29 December 1 , 2009 4.33 Season 3 13 September 7 , 2010 4.13 November 30 , 2010 3.6 3.23 Season 4 14 September 6 , 2011 4.94 December 6 , 2011 4.24 Season 5 13 September 11 , 2012 5.37 December 4 , 2012 4.66 4.40 Season 6 13 September 10 , 2013 5.87 December 10 , 2013 5.17 4.60 Season 7 13 September 9 , 2014 6.20 December 9 , 2014 6.40 4.45 Awards and Nominations ( edit ) Sons of Anarchy was nominated for Outstanding Achievement in Drama at the 2010 TCA Awards . Katey Sagal received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series ( Drama ) at the 68th Golden Globe Awards for her role in the third season . She also received a nomination for a 2010 Satellite Award in the category of Best Actress -- Television Series ( Drama ) , as well as a TCA nomination for the Individual Achievement in Drama . Sons of Anarchy ( Season 5 ) received a Screen Crush Award for having the best TV series in 2012 . Also in 2012 , Paris Barclay was nominated for an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Direction in a Drama Series for his direction of the Season 4 Premiere `` Out '' . In 2013 , Rockmond Dunbar won an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his portrayal of Sheriff Eli Roosevelt . For the 5th Critics ' Choice Television Awards , Charlie Hunnam received a nomination for Best Actor in a Drama Series and Walton Goggins received a nomination for Best Guest Performer in a Drama Series for the seventh season . Music ( edit ) Soundtracks ( edit ) Further information : Songs of Anarchy : Music from Sons of Anarchy Seasons 1 -- 4 Three EP soundtracks have been released by 20th Century Fox Records , on iTunes , featuring songs from each series . The first five - song EP , entitled Sons of Anarchy : North Country -- EP , was released on September 8 , 2009 and featured the full version of the Emmy Award nominated theme song `` This Life '' . A second five - song EP , entitled Sons of Anarchy : Shelter -- EP , was released on November 24 , 2009 while a third six - song EP , entitled Sons of Anarchy : The King is Gone - EP , was released on November 23 , 2010 . In November 2011 , selected highlights from the EPs and new tracks were released in Songs of Anarchy : Music from Sons of Anarchy Seasons 1 -- 4 , followed up by Sons of Anarchy : Songs of Anarchy Vol. 2 released in November 2012 , Sons of Anarchy : Songs of Anarchy Vol. 3 released in December 2013 , and Sons of Anarchy : Songs of Anarchy Vol. 4 released in February 2015 . ( show ) Sons of Anarchy : North Country -- EP No . Title Writer ( s ) Artist Length 1 . `` This Life '' Curtis Stigers , Dave Kushner , Bob Thiele Jr. , Kurt Sutter Curtis Stigers & The Forest Rangers 2 : 22 2 . `` Slip Kid '' Pete Townshend Anvil and Franky Perez 3 : 49 3 . `` John the Revelator '' Traditional Curtis Stigers & The Forest Rangers 5 : 34 4 . `` Forever Young '' Bob Dylan Audra Mae & The Forest Rangers 3 : 13 5 . `` Girl from the North Country '' Dylan Lions 4 : 11 ( show ) Sons of Anarchy : Shelter -- EP No . Title Writer ( s ) Artist Length 1 . `` Ruby Tuesday '' Jagger / Richards Katey Sagal 3 : 23 2 . `` Fortunate Son '' John Fogerty Lyle Workman & The Forest Rangers 3 : 26 3 . `` Someday Never Comes '' Fogerty Billy Valentine & The Forest Rangers 4 : 06 4 . `` Burn This Town '' Matt Drenik Battleme 3 : 13 5 . `` Gimme Shelter '' Jagger / Richards Paul Brady & The Forest Rangers 4 : 53 ( show ) Sons of Anarchy : The King is Gone - EP No . Title Writer ( s ) Artist Length 1 . `` No Milk Today '' Graham Gouldman Joshua James & The Forest Rangers 4 : 01 2 . `` Bird on the Wire '' Leonard Cohen Katey Sagal & The Forest Rangers 5 : 05 3 . `` Travelin ' Band '' Fogerty Curtis Stigers & The Forest Rangers 2 : 18 4 . `` Miles Away '' Paul Taylor The Forest Rangers feat . Battleme & Slash 4 : 49 5 . `` Hey Hey , My My '' Neil Young , Jeff Blackburn Battleme 2 : 52 6 . `` This Life '' ( Celtic Remix ) Stigers , Kushner , Thiele Jr. , Sutter Curtis Stigers & The Forest Rangers 0 : 39 Other Media ( edit ) Comic book ( edit ) In 2013 , Boom ! Studios began publishing a Sons of Anarchy comic book . As of September 2015 , 25 issues have been published . Issue 25 is the final issue . A new comic book prequel , Sons of Anarchy : Redwood Original , was released on August 3 , 2016 . Novel series ( edit ) Sons of Anarchy : Bratva , the first in a planned series of SOA novels to be written by Christopher Golden , was published in 2014 . Potential prequel ( edit ) A prequel series , detailing the origin of the club , is planned . Sutter stated in an August 2014 interview that the prequel would focus on the `` First 9 '' members of the club and be set around the time of the Vietnam War . He added that the prequel would likely consist of a miniseries or `` maybe 10 episodes or two 8 episodes seasons '' . At the conclusion of the prequel , Sutter plans to release John Teller 's manuscript , titled The Life and Death of SAMCRO . Sons of Anarchy : the Prospect ( edit ) Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect was an episodic adventure video game developed by Silverback Games and published by Orpheus Interactive . The game was originally slated to have ten episodes and to be released on Microsoft Windows , OS X , iOS , and Android . The first episode was released on February 1 , 2015 for iOS only , and was met with mixed reviews . but has not seen an update since , and , although a season pass is being offered , no further episode was ever released . On April 7 , 2016 , refunds were issued to everyone who purchased the game or the season pass , and the game had been removed from the App Store . Despite the apparent cancellation and refunds , the game 's publisher has not officially said anything about the development state of the nine unreleased episodes . Silverback Games has distanced themselves from the project , claiming to be `` just a consultant '' and having no knowledge of the state of the game or of Orpheus Interactive . A Sons of Anarchy game was originally planned to be developed by a studio of Rockstar Games for PC and console platforms , but was canceled shortly after in 2012 . Another video game based on Sons of Anarchy was announced in February 2014 , confirmed for mobile platforms in August , and the name Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect revealed in December of that year . The game was set to have never - before seen graphics for mobile devices , but failed to deliver those when the first episode was launched on February 1 , 2015 . Spin - off ( edit ) As of May 11 , 2016 , a spin - off series is in the works titled Mayans MC . The pilot will begin shooting in March , directed by Sutter from a script he co-wrote with Elgin James . On February 13 , 2017 , Edward James Olmos will star as Felipe Reyes , the once strong Mexican patriarch and EZ 's father . On January 5 , 2018 , FX picked up the series with an order of 10 episodes which is set to premiere sometime in 2018 . Broadcast ( edit ) This section needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( September 2017 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Sons of Anarchy premiered in Australia on the Showcase in 2009 while in New Zealand it appeared on TV3 on October 20 , 2010 and it has been announced it is moving to the Box . The show premiered in the UK on 5 USA in 2009 , before being dropped after the sixth season . The show will air in its entirety on Spike from April 2015 . In the Republic of Ireland , the show aired on RTÉ Two from 2009 . It premiered in Canada on Super Channel October 20 , 2008 . In India , season 6 is airing from September 26 , 2013 , only on Star World Premiere . References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` A modern - day Western ... on two wheels '' . Daily Mirror . March 6 , 2015 . Jump up ^ https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/sons-anarchy-finale-death-showrunner-664520 Jump up ^ https://www.bustle.com/articles/53033-sons-of-anarchy-vs-hamlet-these-two-storylines-are-practically-one-in-the-same Jump up ^ https://www.rogerebert.com/balder-and-dash/sons-of-anarchy-and-tragic-models ^ Jump up to : Andreeva , Nellie ( September 12 , 2012 ) . `` ' Sons Of Anarchy ' Season 5 Premiere Hits Series High , To Become FX 's No. 1 Telecast '' . Deadline.com . Retrieved August 30 , 2013 . Jump up ^ Sperling , Lindsay ( July 24 , 2013 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy Still Riding Into The Sunset After Season 7 '' . We Got This Covered . Retrieved August 30 , 2013 . Jump up ^ Rose , Lacey ( February 3 , 2012 ) . `` ' Sons of Anarchy ' Renewed for Two Seasons , Creator Kurt Sutter Inks First Overall Deal ( Exclusive ) '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Retrieved August 30 , 2013 . ^ Jump up to : Talarico , Brittany ( November 13 , 2013 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy 's Kurt Sutter Says ' Discussions Are Happening ' About Spinoff '' . People.com . Retrieved January 31 , 2014 . Jump up ^ Sons of Anarchy Spinoff Now Officially Being Developed Jump up ^ Gallagher , Danny ( September 8 , 2009 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy : Albification ( season premiere ) '' . TVSquad.com . Retrieved September 16 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Obenson , Tambay A. `` Malcolm - Jamal Warner Joins Cast of ' Sons of Anarchy '' Final Season `` . Indiewire . Retrieved July 24 , 2014 . Jump up ^ `` Clubhouse 360 : Plaques Overlay '' . Fxnetworks.com . Retrieved June 5 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` FX Gets Forever SAMCRO '' . MovieWeb.com . October 9 , 2007 . Retrieved October 23 , 2008 . Jump up ^ `` FX Greenlights Forever Sam Crow '' . thetvremote.com . October 10 , 2007 . Archived from the original on October 11 , 2007 . Retrieved October 23 , 2008 . Jump up ^ `` Clubhouse 360 -- Framed Vets Popup '' . Fxnetworks.com . Retrieved June 5 , 2013 . Jump up ^ TV Review : SONS OF ANARCHY 5.2 `` Authority Vested '' Birth. Movies. Death Jump up ^ Watson , Keith ( May 7 , 2009 ) . `` It all goes hell for leather in Sons Of Anarchy '' . Metro.co.uk . Retrieved May 7 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Goldberg , Matt ( August 31 , 2008 ) . `` Ron Perlman Interview -- SONS OF ANARCHY '' . Collider.com . Retrieved October 23 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Ornos , Riza ( January 20 , 2014 ) . `` ' Sons of Anarchy 's ' Katey Sagal : The Truth About Gemma Teller '' . IB Times . Jump up ^ Friedman , ( September 7 , 2013 ) . `` Katey Sagal rides high as motorcycle mama in sixth season for FX 's ' Sons of Anarchy ' '' . Daily News . New York . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy Filming Locations '' . Internet Movie Database . Jump up ^ `` First pictures Sons of Anarchy '' . Chicago Tribune . June 8 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` FX Orders A 3rd Season Of Sons Of Anarchy '' . Seat42f. 3 December 2009 . Retrieved 30 June 2011 . Jump up ^ `` FX Orders A 3rd Season Of Sons Of Anarchy '' . Seat42f. 3 December 2009 . Retrieved 30 June 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : FX Orders Extra Season Four Episode '' . tvseriesfinale.com . November 7 , 2011 . Jump up ^ Kondolojy , Amanda ( July 17 , 2014 ) . `` FX Announces 7th and Final Season of ' Sons of Anarchy ' to Premiere September 9th '' ( Press release ) . TV by the Numbers . Archived from the original on July 20 , 2014 . Retrieved July 17 , 2014 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 1 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 2 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 3 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 4 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 5 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 6 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season 7 '' . Metacritic . Retrieved December 25 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy -- Season 1 reviews '' . Metacritic . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy -- Season 2 reviews '' . Metacritic . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy -- Season 3 reviews '' . Metacritic . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy -- Season 4 reviews '' . Metacritic . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ Dunn , George A. ; Eberl , Jason T. , eds. ( 2014 ) . Sons of Anarchy and Philosophy : Brains Before Bullets . Wiley - Blackwell . Jump up ^ `` Biker Gang Saga Anarchy , Has Sopranos Appeal '' . The Boston Globe . Jump up ^ Lowry , Brian ( August 29 , 2008 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy '' . Variety . Jump up ^ `` ' Sons of Anarchy ' revs up the pace in its compelling new season '' . Chicago Tribune . September 3 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Levine , Stuart ( September 4 , 2009 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy Season 2 '' . Variety . Jump up ^ `` The Top 10 Everything of 2009 '' . TIME . December 8 , 2009 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy 's Battle for Control '' . Pop Matters . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy -- `` NS '' review `` . AV Club . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` TV Tonight : Sons of Anarchy restarts its engines '' . TIME . September 7 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy , Bainne : Blood Begets Blood '' . TIME . November 17 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy 2010 '' . Entertainment Weekly . September 1 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy Season 3 Episode 9 '' . TV Squad . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy Season 3 Episode 12 '' . TV Squad . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy Lochan Mor , SAMCRO Vs. SAMBel '' . Hit Fix . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy Firinne , Sins of the Sons '' . Hit Fix . Jump up ^ Goodman , Tim ( December 20 , 2010 ) . `` Top 18 Tv Shows of 2010 '' . Hollywood Reporter . Jump up ^ `` Review : FX 's Sons of Anarchy on familiar ground for season four '' . Hitfix . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy Season 4 Recap '' . AOL TV . Archived from the original on 2011 - 11 - 01 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy -- To Be , Act 2 '' . AV Club . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Best TV of 2011 '' . The A.V. Club . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Review of Sons of Anarchy season 4 finale '' . Time Magazine . December 7 , 2011 . Retrieved February 2 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy - Season 1 Reviews '' . Metacritic . Retrieved January 31 , 2014 . Jump up ^ `` FX Orders A 3rd Season Of Sons Of Anarchy '' . Seat42f . December 3 , 2009 . Retrieved June 30 , 2011 . Jump up ^ `` How `` Sons Of Anarchy '' Became Huge `` . BuzzFeed . October 11 , 2013 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . ^ Jump up to : `` Updated : ' Sons of Anarchy ' Ratings Rev Strong , But a Little Lower in Season Premiere '' . TV by the Numbers . September 8 , 2010 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Third Season Finale of `` Sons of Anarchy '' Delivers 3.6 Million Total Viewers `` . The Futon Critic . December 1 , 2010 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Hog Heaven : ' Sons of Anarchy ' Gets Record Ratings , Third Season '' . The Wrap . December 2 , 2009 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` ' Sons Of Anarchy ' Season 4 Premiere Most - Watched Episode Ever For The Series With 4.94 Million Total Viewers and 3.22 Million Adults 18 - 49 '' . TV by the Numbers . September 7 , 2011 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : FX Orders Extra Season Four Episode '' . tvseriesfinale.com . Retrieved November 7 , 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` FX 's ' Sons Of Anarchy ' Season 6 Premiere Hits Series High '' . Deadline . September 11 , 2013 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . Jump up ^ Kondolojy , Amanda ( December 5 , 2012 ) . `` Tuesday Cable Ratings : ' Sons of Anarchy ' Wins Night , + ' Storage Wars ' , ' Tosh. 0 ' , ' Ink Masters ' , ' 25 Days of Christmas ' , ' Rizzoli & Isles ' & More '' . TV by the Numbers . Retrieved December 11 , 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Sons of Anarchy : Season Six Ratings '' . TV Series Finale . November 20 , 2013 . Retrieved November 22 , 2013 . Jump up ^ Bibel , Sara ( December 11 , 2013 ) . `` Tuesday Cable Ratings : ' Sons of Anarchy ' Wins Night , ' After Anarchy ' , ' Moonshiners ' , ' Awkward ' , ' Tosh. 0 ' & More '' . TV by the Numbers . Retrieved December 11 , 2013 . Jump up ^ ' Sons of Anarchy ' Season 6 Finale Was the Most - Watched Finale in the History of the Show Jump up ^ ' Sons of Anarchy ' Rides to Ratings Records at FX ^ Jump up to : Sons of Anarchy - Awards - IMDb Jump up ^ `` Justified , Broad City , Empire , Mom , 24 , Jane The Virgin , Transparent Lead the 2015 Critics Choice Nominations '' . Team TVLine . May 6 , 2015 . Retrieved May 8 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Burlingame , Jon ( July 16 , 2009 ) . `` Emmy Music Nominations Announced '' . The Film Music Society . Jump up ^ `` ANVIL , SCARS ON BROADWAY Guitarist Cover THE WHO For ' Sons Of Anarchy ' EP '' . Blabbermouth.net . August 30 , 2009 . Archived from the original on June 6 , 2011 . Jump up ^ `` SONS OF ANARCHY REDWOOD ORIGINAL - BOOM ! Studios - Come Innovate With Us '' . shop.boom-studios.com . Retrieved 2017 - 01 - 25 . Jump up ^ Golden , Christopher ( 2014 ) . Sons of Anarchy : Bratva . St. Martin 's Press . ISBN 9781250060839 . Jump up ^ `` Kurt Sutter Teases Sons of Anarchy Prequel Miniseries and Book '' . Nerd Core Movement . Jump up ^ Nunneley , Stephany ( January 10 , 2015 ) . `` Here 's your first look at Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect '' . VG247 . Videogaming247 . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . ^ Jump up to : Renaudin , Clement ( April 7 , 2016 ) . `` Apple issues refunds for Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect , future episodes seemingly cancelled '' . PocketGamer . Retrieved May 18 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Good , Owen S. ( February 1 , 2015 ) . `` The Sons of Anarchy video game 's first episode is available '' . Polygon . Vox Media . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Carter , Chris ( February 3 , 2015 ) . `` Review : Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect : Episode One '' . Destructoid . ModernMethod . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Carter , Chris ( August 10 , 2015 ) . `` What the hell happened to the episodic Sons of Anarchy game released back in January ? '' . Destructoid . ModernMethod . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Carter , Chris ( April 7 , 2016 ) . `` One year later , the Sons of Anarchy game may have been a scam '' . Destructoid . ModernMethod . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Dunn , Jeff ( October 31 , 2012 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy creator asks Rockstar to develop game '' . VG247 . Videogaming247 . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Cook , Dave ( November 1 , 2012 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy game is `` dead '' , states series creator `` . VG247 . Videogaming247 . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Hillier , Brenna ( February 12 , 2015 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy game `` definitely '' happening , is the `` evolution of gaming '' `` . VG247 . Videogaming247 . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Good , Owen S. ( August 26 , 2014 ) . `` The Sons of Anarchy video game will be on tablets , not consoles '' . Polygon . Vox Media . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Hillier , Brenna ( December 8 , 2014 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect headed to mobiles next year '' . VG247 . Videogaming247 . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Good , Owen S. ( December 8 , 2014 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy will live on with ' The Prospect ' on mobile devices '' . Polygon . Vox Media . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Christiansen , Tom ( February 3 , 2015 ) . `` Sons of Anarchy : The Prospect Episode 1 Review -- A Rough Ride '' . Gamezebo . Retrieved April 7 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Andreeva , Nellie . `` ' Sons Of Anarchy ' Mayans Spinoff At FX Gets Script Order & Title ; Elgin James Joins Kurt Sutter As Co-Creator '' . Deadline.com . Retrieved 30 May 2016 . Jump up ^ Schwindt , Oriana . `` ' Sons of Anarchy ' Spinoff Pilot Ordered at FX , ' Mayans MC ' Will Shoot in March '' . Variety.com . Retrieved 2016 - 12 - 01 . Jump up ^ Andreeva , Nellie ( 2017 - 02 - 13 ) . `` Mayans MC ' : Edward James Olmos Cast In ' Sons Of Anarchy ' Spinoff Pilot At FX '' . Deadline . Retrieved 2017 - 02 - 13 . Jump up ^ Andreeva , Nellie ( January 5 , 2018 ) . `` ' Mayans MC ' : ' Sons Of Anarchy ' Spinoff Gets Series Order At FX -- TCA '' . Deadline . Retrieved January 6 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Munn , Patrick ( March 26 , 2015 ) . `` VIMN To Launch Spike UK on April 15th ; Picks Up UK Rights to Olympus , Justified , Sons & Anarchy and More '' . TVWise . Retrieved March 26 , 2015 . 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Kamau Bell ( 2012 -- 13 ) Tyrant ( 2014 -- 16 ) UFC on FX ( 2012 -- 13 ) Unsupervised ( 2012 ) Wilfred ( 2011 -- 13 ) Upcoming Pose ( 2018 ) Mayans MC ( 2018 ) VIAF : 226389149 LCCN : no2010143801 GND : 1048366987 SUDOC : 168791099 BNF : cb16675177j ( data ) Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sons_of_Anarchy&oldid=836932740 '' Categories : 2000s American drama television series 2000s American crime television series 2010s American drama television series 2010s American crime television series 2008 American television series debuts 2014 American television series endings American action television series American adventure television series American crime drama television series English - language television programs Films about Mexican drug cartels FX network shows Modern adaptations of works by William Shakespeare Serial drama television series Television shows set in California Television shows set in Oakland , California Television shows set in Northern Ireland Television shows filmed in Los Angeles Television series about dysfunctional families Television series about organized crime Television series by 20th Century Fox Television Television series created by Kurt Sutter Works based on Hamlet Hidden categories : Use mdy dates from April 2016 Pages using infobox television with editor parameter Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017 Articles needing additional references from September 2017 All articles needing additional references Articles prone to spam from June 2013 Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Asturianu Български Bosanski Català Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Hrvatski Italiano עברית Magyar မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Русский Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska Türkçe Українська 中文 23 more Edit links This page was last edited on 17 April 2018 , at 18 : 33 . 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Question: in sons of anarchy who is sam crow

Sons of Anarchy Motorcycle Club, Redwood Original,[12] referred to by the acronym SAMCRO[13] or Sam Crow


Battle of Ypres - wikipedia Battle of Ypres Jump to : navigation , search The Battle of Ypres was a series of engagements during the First World War , near the Belgian city of Ypres , between the German and the Allied armies ( Belgian , French , British Expeditionary Force and Canadian Expeditionary Force ) . There were hundreds of thousands of casualties during the five engagements : First Battle of Ypres ( 19 October -- 22 November 1914 ) . During the Race to the Sea . More than 100,000 casualties . Second Battle of Ypres ( 22 April -- 15 May 1915 ) . First mass use of poison gas by the German army ; included first victories of a former colonial nation ( Canada ) over a European power ( Germany ) on European soil . Around 100,000 casualties . Battle of Passchendaele ( 31 July -- 10 November 1917 ) also known as the Third Battle of Ypres. 400,000 to 800,000 casualties . Battle of the Lys ( 1918 ) ( 9 -- 29 April 1918 ) also known as the Battle of Estaires or the Fourth Battle of Ypres . Around 200,000 casualties . Fifth Battle of Ypres ( 28 September -- 2 October 1918 ) an informal name given to a series of battles in northern France and southern Belgium , also known as Advance of Flanders and Battle of the Peaks of Flanders . Around 10,000 Allied casualties ; German casualties unknown . This article includes a list of related items that share the same name ( or similar names ) . If an internal link incorrectly led you here , you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article . Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ypres&oldid=829619581 '' Categories : Set indices Hidden categories : All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from December 2017 All set index articles Use dmy dates from March 2017 Former disambiguation pages converted to set index articles Talk About Wikipedia Български Čeština Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Hrvatski Italiano עברית Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Polski Português Русский Slovenčina Suomi Svenska Tiếng Việt West - Vlams 12 more Edit links This page was last edited on 9 March 2018 , at 19 : 12 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: when did the first battle of ypres end


Utang na loob - wikipedia Utang na loob Jump to : navigation , search This article needs attention from an expert in Philippines . The specific problem is : the article needs to be expanded without skewing its coverage . WikiProject Philippines may be able to help recruit an expert . ( May 2017 ) Utang na loob is a Filipino cultural trait which , when translated literally , means `` a debt of one 's inner self ( loob ) . '' It is also often translated as a `` debt of gratitude . '' In the study of Filipino psychology , utang na loob is considered an important `` accommodative surface value '' , along with hiya ( propriety / dignity ) and pakikisama ( companionship / esteem ) . It is one of the values by which Filipinos accommodate the demands of the world around them as opposed to its counterpart grouping , referred to as the `` confrontative surface values '' , which include values such as lakas ng loob and pakikibaka . The essence of utang na loob is an obligation to appropriately repay a person who has done one a favor . The favors which elicit the Filipino 's sense of utang na loob are typically those whose value is impossible to quantify , or , if there is a quantifiable value involved , involves a deeply personal internal dimension . This internal dimension , loob , differentiates utang na loob from an ordinary utang ( debt ) ; being an internal phenomenon , utang na loob thus goes much deeper than ordinary debt or even the western concept of owing a favor . Filipino psychology explains that this is a reflection of the kapwa orientation of shared personhood or shared self , which is at the core of the Filipino values system . References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : de Guia , Katrin ( 2005 ) . Kapwa : The Self in the Other : Worldviews and Lifestyles of Filipino Culture - Bearers . Pasig City : Anvil Publishing , Inc. p. 378 . ISBN 971 - 27 - 1490 - X . Jump up ^ http://globalnation.inquirer.net/144845/a-filipino-american-recovers-his-kapwa Jump up ^ Borja - Slark , Aileen ( January 27 , 2008 ) . `` Reciprocity and The Concept of Filipino `` Utang na Loob `` '' . Filipino - Western Relationships . www.western-asian.com . Archived from the original on December 27 , 2008 . Retrieved February 5 , 2009 . Further reading ( edit ) Ronald E. Dolan , ed. ( 1991 ) . `` Social Values and Organization '' . Philippines : A Country Study . Washington : U.S. Library of Congress . Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Utang_na_loob&oldid=800570433 '' Categories : Philippine culture Tagalog words and phrases Hidden categories : Articles needing expert attention from May 2017 All articles needing expert attention Philippines articles needing expert attention Talk About Wikipedia Tagalog Edit links This page was last edited on 14 September 2017 , at 10 : 39 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: what is the meaning of utang na loob


Prisoners ( Temporary Discharge for Ill Health ) Act 1913 - wikipedia Prisoners ( Temporary Discharge for Ill Health ) Act 1913 Jump to : navigation , search WSPU poster 1914 - Museum of London The Prisoners ( Temporary Discharge for Ill Health ) Act , commonly referred to as the Cat and Mouse Act , was an Act of Parliament passed in Britain under Herbert Henry Asquith 's Liberal government in 1913 . Some members of the Women 's Social and Political Union ( WSPU , commonly referred to as suffragettes ) had been imprisoned for acts of vandalism in support of women 's suffrage . In protest to being imprisoned some of these suffragettes undertook hunger strikes . These suffragettes were then force - fed leading to a public outcry . This act was a response to the outcry ; it allowed the prisoners to be released on licence as soon as the hunger strike affected their health . They then had a period of time in which they could recover . After a predetermined period of time the prisoner would be rearrested to serve out the rest of their sentence . Conditions could be placed on the prisoner during the time of their release . The hunger strikes themselves were now technically legal . However , the Act allowed for the re-imprisonment of the hunger strikers upon their recovery on their original charges . The nickname of the Act came about because of a cat 's habit of playing with its prey ( a mouse ) before finishing it off . Contents ( hide ) 1 Government use 2 Background 3 Women writing about the experience of being forcibly fed 4 Unintended consequences 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Government Use ( edit ) After the act was introduced suffragettes were no longer force - fed during their time in prison , which had previously been common practice to combat the hunger strikes . Rather , suffragettes on hunger strike were kept in prison until they became extremely weak , at which point they would be released to recover . This allowed the government to claim that any harm ( or even death ) which resulted from the starvation was entirely the fault of the suffragette . After this , any wrongdoing on the part of the suffragette would see them put straight back in prison . Background ( edit ) To attain the goal of suffrage on the same basis as men , the Women 's Social and Political Union ( WSPU , known colloquially as the suffragettes ) engaged in acts of protest such as the breaking of windows , arson , and the `` technical assault '' ( without causing harm ) of police officers . Many WSPU members were jailed for these offences . In response to what the organisation viewed as brutal punishment and harsh treatment by the government at the time , imprisoned WSPU members embarked on a sustained campaign of hunger strikes . Some women were freed on taking this action , but this rendered the policy of imprisonment of suffragettes futile . So , the government turned to a policy of force feeding hunger - strikers by nasogastric tube . Repeated uses of this process often caused sickness , which served the WSPU 's aims of demonstrating the government 's treatment of the prisoners . Faced with growing public disquiet over the tactic of force feeding , and the determination of the jailed suffragettes to continue their strikes , the government rushed the Act through Parliament . The effect of the Act was to permit the release of prisoners who were suffering illness for them to recuperate ; however , the police were free to re-imprison offenders again once they had recovered . The intention of the Act was to counter the tactic of hunger strikes undertaken by jailed suffragettes and the damaging consequences for the government 's support among ( male ) voters by the force feeding of women prisoners . If anything , the Act lost the Liberal government support . Women writing about the experience of being forcibly fed ( edit ) In a book called Suffrage and the Pankhursts , Jane Marcus argues that forcible feeding was the main image of the women 's suffrage movement in the public imagination . Women wrote about how the experience made them feel in letters , diaries , speeches and suffrage publications , including Votes for Women and The Suffragette . One of the force - fed suffragettes , Lady Constance Lytton , wrote a book that suggested that working - class women were more likely to be forcibly fed in prison than upper - class women . In general , the medical procedure of force feeding was described as a physical and mental violation that caused pain , suffering , emotional distress , humiliation , anguish and rage . Unintended consequences ( edit ) The ineffectiveness of the Act was very soon evident as the authorities experienced much more difficulty than anticipated in re-arresting the released hunger - strikers . Many of them eluded arrest with the help of a network of suffragette sympathisers and an all - women team of bodyguards , who employed tactics of misdirection , subterfuge and occasionally direct confrontation with the police . The inability of the government to lay its hands on high - profile suffragettes transformed what had been intended as a discreet device to control suffragette hunger - strikers into a public scandal . This act was aimed at suppressing the power of the organisation by demoralising the activists , but turned out to be counter-productive as it undermined the moral authority of the government . The Act was viewed as violating basic human rights , not only of the suffragettes but of other prisoners . The Act 's nickname of Cat and Mouse Act , referring to the way the government seemed to play with prisoners as a cat may with a captured mouse , underlined how the cruelty of repeated releases and re-imprisonments turned the suffragettes from targets of scorn to objects of sympathy . The Asquith government 's implementation of the Act caused the militant WSPU and the suffragettes to perceive Asquith as the enemy -- an enemy to be vanquished in what the organisation saw as an all - out war . A related effect of this law was to increase support for the Labour Party , many of whose early founders supported votes for women . For example , philosopher Bertrand Russell left the Liberal Party , and wrote pamphlets denouncing the Act and the Liberals for making in his view an illiberal and anti-constitutional law . So the controversy helped to accelerate the decline in the Liberals ' electoral position , as segments of the middle class began to defect to Labour . The Act also handed the WSPU an issue on which to campaign and rail against other parts of the British establishment - in particular the Anglican Church . During 1913 the WSPU directly targeted The Bishop of Winchester , Edward Talbot , the Archbishop of Canterbury , Randall Davidson , the Bishop of London , Arthur Winnington - Ingram , the Archbishop of York , Cosmo Gordon Lang , and the Bishops of Croydon , Lewes , Islington and Stepney . Each one was picketed by deputations at their official residences until granted an audience , during which the Church leaders were asked to protest against forcible feeding . Norah Dacre Fox led many of the deputations on behalf of the WSPU , which were widely reported in The Suffragette . At one point the Bishop of London was persuaded to visit Holloway personally in connection with allegations of women prisoners being poisoned during force feeding . The Bishop made several visits to the prison , but this came to nothing , and his public statements that he could find no evidence of ill treatment during force feeding -- indeed , he believed that force feeding was carried out `` in the kindest possible spirit '' -- was seen by the WSPU as collusion with the government and prison authorities . If the WSPU had been hoping to win support from the Church for their wider cause of suffrage by pressing on the issue of forcible feeding , they were disappointed . The Church chose not to be drawn into a battle between the WSPU and the authorities , and clung to a party line that militancy was a precursor to forcible feeding and militancy was against the will of God , therefore the Church could not act against forcible feeding . Research indicates that the Act did little to deter the activities of the suffragettes . Their militant actions only ceased with the outbreak of war and their support of the war effort . However , the start of the war in August 1914 , and the ending of all suffragette activities for the duration of the war , meant that the full potential impact of the Cat and Mouse Act will never be known . See also ( edit ) History of feminism References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` Manchester Guardian '' . 1912 - 08 - 24 : 6 . Jump up ^ Prisoners ( Temporary Discharge for Ill - Health ) Act , 1913 . Chapter 4 . 1913 - 04 - 25 . Jump up ^ Marcus , Jane ( 2001 ) ( 1987 ) . `` Rereading the Pankhursts and Women 's Suffrage '' . In Marcus , Jane . Suffrage and the Pankhursts . Routledge . pp. 1 -- 17 . ISBN 0 - 415 - 25693 - 3 . Jump up ^ Bulwer - Lytton , Constance ( 2016 ) . Prisons & Prisoners : Some Personal Experiences . USA : Library of Alexandria . Jump up ^ Purvis , June ; Emmeline Pankhurst , London : Routledge , p 134 , ISBN 0 - 415 - 23978 - 8 Jump up ^ Williams , Rachel ( 25 June 2012 ) . `` Edith Garrud : a public vote for the suffragette who taught martial arts '' . The Guardian . Jump up ^ Bartley , Paula ( 2002 ) . Emmeline Pankhurst . London ( u.a. ) : Routledge . p. 132 . ISBN 9780415206518 . Jump up ^ McPherson , Angela ; McPherson , Susan ( 2011 ) . Mosley 's Old Suffragette - A Biography of Norah Elam . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4466 - 9967 - 6 . Archived from the original on 2012 - 01 - 13 . External links ( edit ) How the act politicised the penal system Further Cat and Mouse Act Information 1913 Cat and Mouse Act United Kingdom legislation Pre-Parliamentary legislation List of English statutes Charter of Liberties Magna Carta Acts of Parliament by states preceding the Kingdom of Great Britain Parliament of England to 1483 1485 -- 1601 1603 -- 1641 Interregnum ( 1642 -- 1660 ) 1660 -- 1699 1700 -- 1706 Parliament of Scotland to 1706 Acts of Parliament of the Kingdom of Great Britain 1707 -- 1719 1720 -- 1739 1740 -- 1759 1760 -- 1779 1780 -- 1800 Acts of the Parliament of Ireland to 1700 1701 -- 1800 Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 1801 -- 1819 1820 -- 1839 1840 -- 1859 1860 -- 1879 1880 -- 1899 1900 -- 1919 1920 -- 1939 1940 -- 1959 1960 -- 1979 1980 -- 1999 2000 to date Halsbury 's Statutes Legislation.gov.uk Short titles relating to the European Union 1972 to date Church of England measures List Church of England Assembly ( Powers ) Act 1919 Legislation of devolved institutions Acts of the Scottish Parliament List Acts and Measures of the National Assembly for Wales List Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland Orders - in - Council / Orders in Council Orders - in - Council for Northern Ireland ( 1972 - 2009 ) Orders in Council for Northern Ireland Secondary legislation United Kingdom Statutory Instruments various Scottish Statutory Instruments Acts of Sederunt Acts of Adjournal all others Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prisoners_(Temporary_Discharge_for_Ill_Health)_Act_1913&oldid=814609005 '' Categories : United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 1913 Women 's suffrage in the United Kingdom Feminism and history Talk Contents About Wikipedia Français 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 9 December 2017 , at 21 : 25 . 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Question: when was the cat and mouse act introduced