List of Spanish football champions - wikipedia List of Spanish football champions Jump to : navigation , search List of Spanish football champions Founded 1929 - 1930 Country Spain Confederation UEFA Number of teams 20 Current champions Real Madrid ( 33rd title ) ( 2016 -- 17 ) Most championships Real Madrid ( 33 titles ) 2017 -- 18 season The Spanish football champions are the winners of the primary football competition in Spain , La Liga . The league is contested on a round robin basis and the championship awarded to the team that is top of the league at the end of the season . La Liga , first established in 1929 , originally contained ten teams . Before La Liga 's organization , the Copa del Rey -- a regionalised cup competition -- was effectively the national championship . La Liga is contested in by 20 teams ; the three lowest - placed teams are relegated to the Segunda División and replaced by the top three teams in that division . Of the founding teams in La Liga , only Real Madrid , Barcelona and Athletic Bilbao have not been relegated . The league was cancelled between 1936 and 1939 because of the Spanish Civil War . Real Madrid is the most successful club with 33 titles . The most recent club other than Real Madrid and Barcelona to win the league is Atlético Madrid in the 2013 -- 14 season . With their 30 May Copa del Rey defeat of Athletic Bilbao , Barcelona has won the Spanish version of The Double the most times , having won the league and cup in the same year six times in its history , breaking its tie with Athletic 's five . Barcelona is the only Spanish team that has won the Treble , which includes the UEFA Champions League along with the league and Copa del Rey , and the only UEFA club to have won the treble twice after accomplishing that feat in 2015 . The current champions are Real Madrid , who won the 2016 -- 17 competition . Contents ( hide ) 1 Champions 2 Total titles won 2.1 By city 2.2 By Autonomous Community 3 Notes 4 References Champions ( edit ) Key Champions also won the Copa del Rey that season * Champions also won the Copa del Rey and UEFA Champions League that season † Champions also won the European Cup / UEFA Champions League that season ‡ Champions also won the UEFA Cup that season The `` Top scorer ( s ) '' column refers to the player who scored the most goals during that season The `` Goals '' column refers to the number of goals scored by the top scorer in the league in that season Season Winner Runner - up Third place Top scorer ( s ) Top scorer 's club ( s ) Goals 1929 Barcelona Real Madrid Athletic Bilbao Bienzobas , Paco Paco Bienzobas Real Sociedad 14 1929 -- 30 Athletic Bilbao Barcelona Arenas Gorostiza , Guillermo Guillermo Gorostiza Athletic Bilbao 19 1930 -- 31 Athletic Bilbao Racing Santander Real Sociedad Arana , Agustín Sauto Agustín Sauto Arana Athletic Bilbao 27 1931 -- 32 Real Madrid Athletic Bilbao Barcelona Gorostiza , Guillermo Guillermo Gorostiza Athletic Bilbao 12 1932 -- 33 Real Madrid Athletic Bilbao Espanyol Olivares , Manuel Manuel Olivares Real Madrid 16 1933 -- 34 Athletic Bilbao Real Madrid Racing Santander Langara , Isidro Isidro Lángara Real Oviedo 27 1934 -- 35 Real Betis Real Madrid Real Oviedo Langara , Isidro Isidro Lángara Real Oviedo 26 1935 -- 36 Athletic Bilbao Real Madrid Real Oviedo Langara , Isidro Isidro Lángara Real Oviedo 27 1936 -- 37 Spanish Civil War ( League Cancelled ) 1937 -- 38 1938 -- 39 1939 -- 40 Atlético Aviación Sevilla Athletic Bilbao Unamuno , Victor Víctor Unamuno Athletic Bilbao 22 1940 -- 41 Atlético Aviación Athletic Bilbao Valencia Pruden , Pruden Atlético Aviación 30 1941 -- 42 Valencia Real Madrid Atlético Aviación Suarez , Edmundo Edmundo Suárez Valencia 27 1942 -- 43 Athletic Bilbao Sevilla Barcelona Martin , Mariano Mariano Martín Barcelona 32 1943 -- 44 Valencia Atlético Aviación Sevilla Suarez , Edmundo Edmundo Suárez Valencia 27 1944 -- 45 Barcelona Real Madrid Atlético Aviación Zarra , Telmo Telmo Zarra Atlético Bilbao 19 1945 -- 46 Sevilla Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Zarra , Telmo Telmo Zarra Atlético Bilbao 24 1946 -- 47 Valencia Athletic Bilbao Atlético Aviación Zarra , Telmo Telmo Zarra Atlético Bilbao 34 1947 -- 48 Barcelona Valencia Atlético Madrid Pahino Pahiño Celta de Vigo 23 1948 -- 49 Barcelona Valencia Real Madrid Alvarez César Rodríguez Álvarez Barcelona 28 1949 -- 50 Atlético Madrid Deportivo La Coruña Valencia Zarra , Telmo Telmo Zarra Athletic Bilbao 25 1950 -- 51 Atlético Madrid Sevilla Valencia Zarra , Telmo Telmo Zarra Athletic Bilbao 38 1951 -- 52 Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Real Madrid Pahino Pahiño Real Madrid 28 1952 -- 53 Barcelona Valencia Real Madrid Zarra , Telmo Telmo Zarra Athletic Bilbao 24 1953 -- 54 Real Madrid Barcelona Valencia Stefano , Alfredo Di Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 27 1954 -- 55 Real Madrid Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Arza , Juan Juan Arza Sevilla 28 1955 -- 56 Athletic Bilbao Barcelona Real Madrid Stefano , Alfredo Di Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 24 1956 -- 57 Real Madrid Sevilla Barcelona Stefano , Alfredo Di Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 31 1957 -- 58 Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Barcelona Badenes , Manuel Manuel Badenes Alfredo Di Stéfano Ricardo Valladolid Real Madrid Valencia 19 1958 -- 59 Barcelona Real Madrid Athletic Bilbao Stefano , Alfredo Di Alfredo Di Stéfano Real Madrid 23 1959 -- 60 Barcelona Real Madrid Athletic Bilbao Puskas , Ferenc Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 26 1960 -- 61 Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Real Zaragoza Puskas , Ferenc Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 27 1961 -- 62 Real Madrid Barcelona Atlético Madrid Seminario , Juan Juan Seminario Zaragoza 25 1962 -- 63 Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Real Oviedo Puskas , Ferenc Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 26 1963 -- 64 Real Madrid Barcelona Real Betis Puskas , Ferenc Ferenc Puskás Real Madrid 20 1964 -- 65 Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Zaragoza Re , Cayetano Cayetano Ré Barcelona 25 1965 -- 66 Atlético Madrid Real Madrid Barcelona Vava Vavá Elche 19 1966 -- 67 Real Madrid Barcelona Espanyol Machado , Waldo Waldo Machado Valencia 24 1967 -- 68 Real Madrid Barcelona Las Palmas Uriarte , Fidel Fidel Uriarte Athletic Bilbao 22 1968 -- 69 Real Madrid Las Palmas Barcelona Amaro , Amancio Amancio Amaro José Eulogio Gárate Real Madrid Atlético Madrid 14 1969 -- 70 Atlético Madrid Athletic Bilbao Sevilla Amaro , Amancio Amancio Amaro Luis Aragonés José Eulogio Gárate Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Atlético Madrid 16 1970 -- 71 Valencia Barcelona Atlético Madrid Garate , Jose Eulogio José Eulogio Gárate Carles Rexach Atlético Madrid Barcelona 17 1971 -- 72 Real Madrid Valencia Barcelona Porta , Enrique Enrique Porta Granada 20 1972 -- 73 Atlético Madrid Barcelona Espanyol Marianin Marianín Real Oviedo 19 1973 -- 74 Barcelona Atlético Madrid Zaragoza Quini , Quini Sporting de Gijón 20 1974 -- 75 Real Madrid Zaragoza Barcelona Herrero , Carlos Ruiz Carlos Ruiz Herrero Athletic Bilbao 19 1975 -- 76 Real Madrid Barcelona Atlético Madrid Quini , Quini Sporting de Gijón 21 1976 -- 77 Atlético Madrid Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Kempes , Mario Mario Kempes Valencia 24 1977 -- 78 Real Madrid Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Kempes , Mario Mario Kempes Valencia 28 1978 -- 79 Real Madrid Sporting de Gijón Atlético Madrid Krankl , Hans Hans Krankl Barcelona 29 1979 -- 80 Real Madrid Real Sociedad Sporting de Gijón Quini , Quini Sporting de Gijón 24 1980 -- 81 Real Sociedad Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Quini , Quini Barcelona 20 1981 -- 82 Real Sociedad Barcelona Real Madrid Quini , Quini Barcelona 26 1982 -- 83 Athletic Bilbao Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Rincon , Hipolito Hipólito Rincón Real Betis 20 1983 -- 84 Athletic Bilbao Real Madrid Barcelona Silva , Jorge da Jorge da Silva Juanito Valladolid Real Madrid 17 1984 -- 85 Barcelona Atlético Madrid Athletic Bilbao Sanchez , Hugo Hugo Sánchez Atlético Madrid 19 1985 -- 86 Real Madrid ‡ Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Sanchez , Hugo Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 22 1986 -- 87 Real Madrid Barcelona Espanyol Sanchez , Hugo Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 34 1987 -- 88 Real Madrid Real Sociedad Atlético Madrid Sanchez , Hugo Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 29 1988 -- 89 Real Madrid Barcelona Valencia Baltazar , Baltazar Atlético Madrid 35 1989 -- 90 Real Madrid Valencia Barcelona Sanchez , Hugo Hugo Sánchez Real Madrid 38 1990 -- 91 Barcelona Atlético Madrid Real Madrid Butragueno , Emilio Emilio Butragueño Real Madrid 19 1991 -- 92 Barcelona † Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Manolo , Manolo Atlético Madrid 27 1992 -- 93 Barcelona Real Madrid Deportivo La Coruña Bebeto , Bebeto Deportivo La Coruña 29 1993 -- 94 Barcelona Deportivo La Coruña Zaragoza Romario Romário Barcelona 30 1994 -- 95 Real Madrid Deportivo La Coruña Real Betis Zamorano , Ivan Iván Zamorano Real Madrid 28 1995 -- 96 Atlético Madrid Valencia Barcelona Pizzi , Juan Antonio Juan Antonio Pizzi Tenerife 31 1996 -- 97 Real Madrid Barcelona Deportivo La Coruña Ronaldo Ronaldo Barcelona 34 1997 -- 98 Barcelona Athletic Bilbao Real Sociedad Vieri , Christian Christian Vieri Atlético Madrid 24 1998 -- 99 Barcelona Real Madrid Mallorca Raul Raúl Real Madrid 25 1999 -- 2000 Deportivo La Coruña Barcelona Valencia Ballesta , Salva Salva Ballesta Racing Santander 27 2000 -- 01 Real Madrid Deportivo La Coruña Mallorca Raul Raúl Real Madrid 24 2001 -- 02 Valencia Deportivo La Coruña Real Madrid Tristan , Diego Diego Tristán Deportivo La Coruña 21 2002 -- 03 Real Madrid Real Sociedad Deportivo La Coruña Makaay , Roy Roy Makaay Deportivo La Coruña 29 2003 -- 04 Valencia ‡ Barcelona Deportivo La Coruña Ronaldo Ronaldo Real Madrid 25 2004 -- 05 Barcelona Real Madrid Villarreal Forlan , Diego Diego Forlán Villarreal 25 2005 -- 06 Barcelona † Real Madrid Valencia Eto'o , Samuel Samuel Eto'o Barcelona 26 2006 -- 07 Real Madrid Barcelona Sevilla van Nistelrooy , Ruud Ruud van Nistelrooy Real Madrid 25 2007 -- 08 Real Madrid Villarreal Barcelona Guiza , Daniel Daniel Güiza Mallorca 27 2008 -- 09 Barcelona * Real Madrid Sevilla Forlan , Diego Diego Forlán Atlético Madrid 32 2009 -- 10 Barcelona Real Madrid Valencia Messi , Lionel Lionel Messi Barcelona 34 2010 -- 11 Barcelona † Real Madrid Valencia Ronaldo , Cristiano Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 40 2011 -- 12 Real Madrid Barcelona Valencia Messi , Lionel Lionel Messi Barcelona 50 2012 -- 13 Barcelona Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Messi , Lionel Lionel Messi Barcelona 46 2013 -- 14 Atlético Madrid Barcelona Real Madrid Ronaldo , Cristiano Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 31 2014 -- 15 Barcelona * Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Ronaldo , Cristiano Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid 48 2015 -- 16 Barcelona Real Madrid Atlético Madrid Suarez , Luis Luis Suárez Barcelona 40 2016 -- 17 Real Madrid † Barcelona Atlético Madrid Messi , Lionel Lionel Messi Barcelona 37 2017 -- 18 Barcelona Total titles won ( edit ) Real Betis Sevilla FC Deportivo de La Coruña Real Sociedad Valencia CF Athletic Bilbao Atlético Madrid FC Barcelona Real Madrid Location of Spanish football champions Club Winners Runners - up Real Madrid 33 23 Barcelona 24 25 Atlético Madrid 10 8 Athletic Bilbao 8 7 Valencia 6 6 Real Sociedad Deportivo La Coruña Sevilla Real Betis 0 Titles won by club ( % ) Real Madrid -- 33 ( 38 % ) Barcelona -- 24 ( 28 % ) Atlético Madrid -- 10 ( 12 % ) Athletic Bilbao -- 8 ( 9 % ) Valencia -- 6 ( 7 % ) Other clubs ( 6 % ) By city ( edit ) City Championships Clubs Madrid 43 Real Madrid ( 33 ) , Atlético Madrid ( 10 ) Barcelona 24 Barcelona ( 24 ) Bilbao 8 Athletic Bilbao ( 8 ) Valencia 6 Valencia ( 6 ) San Sebastián Real Sociedad ( 2 ) Seville Real Betis ( 1 ) , Sevilla ( 1 ) A Coruña Deportivo La Coruña ( 1 ) By Autonomous Community ( edit ) Community Championships Clubs Madrid 43 Real Madrid ( 33 ) , Atlético Madrid ( 10 ) Catalonia 24 Barcelona ( 24 ) Basque Country 10 Athletic Bilbao ( 8 ) , Real Sociedad ( 2 ) Valencia 6 Valencia ( 6 ) Andalusia Real Betis ( 1 ) , Sevilla ( 1 ) Galicia Deportivo La Coruña ( 1 ) Notes ( edit ) A. Atlético Madrid were known as Atlético Aviación from 1939 until 1947 . References ( edit ) Bibliography Cresswell , Peterjon ; Simon Evans ( 1997 ) . European Football , A Fan 's Handbook . Rough Guides . ISBN 1 - 85828 - 256 - X . Citations Jump up ^ Cresswell . European Football , A Fan 's Handbook . p. 489 . Jump up ^ Hughes , Rob ( 8 April 2007 ) . `` Athletic Bilbao gets an Easter gift '' . The New York Times . Retrieved 4 December 2008 . ^ Jump up to : `` Spain - List of Champions '' . Rec. Sport. Soccer Statistics Foundation . 4 September 2008 . Retrieved 29 November 2008 . Jump up ^ `` Doing the Double ! '' . Rec. Sport. Soccer Statistics Foundation . 27 November 2008 . Retrieved 29 November 2008 . Jump up ^ Ashby , Kevin ( 27 May 2009 ) . `` Guardiola salutes his treble winners '' . Union of European Football Associations . Retrieved 28 May 2009 . ^ Jump up to : `` Spain , Final tables 1928 -- '' . Rec. Sport. Soccer Statistics Foundation . 28 September 2000 . Retrieved 24 August 2009 . ^ Jump up to : `` Latest Spanish Primera Liga Table '' . Soccerbase . Retrieved 29 August 2009 . ^ Jump up to : `` Spain - List of topscorers '' . Rec. Sport. Soccer Statistics Foundation . 12 June 2009 . Retrieved 29 August 2009 . Jump up ^ `` Laws of the game ( Law 10 ) '' . Federation Internationale de Futbol Associacion . Archived from the original on 21 April 2008 . Retrieved 29 April 2008 . Lists of national association football champions of Europe ( UEFA ) Active Albania Austria Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark England Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Ireland Israel Italy Macedonia Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia Scotland Serbia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine Wales Defunct Czechoslovakia East Germany Soviet Union Yugoslavia Football in Spain AFE ANEF CTA CSD COE LFP RFEF National teams Men 's national team U-23 U-21 U-20 U-19 U-18 U-17 U-16 U-15 Women 's national team U-20 U-19 U-17 League system Level 1 Primera División Level 2 Segunda División Level 3 Segunda División B ( 4 groups ) Level 4 Tercera División ( 18 groups ) Levels 5 -- 10 Divisiones Regionales ( Andalusia Aragon Asturias Balearic Basque Canary Cantabria Castile - La Mancha Castile and León Catalonia Extremadura Galicia La Rioja Madrid Murcia Navarre Valencia Ceuta , Melilla ) Women 's league system Level 1 Primera División Level 2 Segunda División ( 7 groups ) Levels 3 -- 5 Ligas Regionales ( Andalusia , Aragon , Asturias , Balearic , Basque , Canary , Cantabria , Castile - La Mancha , Castile and León , Catalonia , Extremadura , Galicia , La Rioja , Madrid , Murcia , Navarre , Valencia , Ceuta , Melilla ) Youth league system División de Honor Juvenil ( 7 groups ) Liga Nacional Juvenil ( 21 groups ) Domestic cups Copa del Rey Copa de la Liga ( defunct ) Copa Eva Duarte ( replaced ) Supercopa de España Copa Federación Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions ' Cup Women 's domestic cups Copa de la Reina Youth domestic cups Copa de Campeones Juvenil Copa del Rey Juvenil Clubs Stadiums Records Foreign players Champions La Liga seasons 1929 1929 -- 30 1930 -- 31 1931 -- 32 1932 -- 33 1933 -- 34 1934 -- 35 1935 -- 36 1939 -- 40 1940 -- 41 1941 -- 42 1942 -- 43 1943 -- 44 1944 -- 45 1945 -- 46 1946 -- 47 1947 -- 48 1948 -- 49 1949 -- 50 1950 -- 51 1951 -- 52 1952 -- 53 1953 -- 54 1954 -- 55 1955 -- 56 1956 -- 57 1957 -- 58 1958 -- 59 1959 -- 60 1960 -- 61 1961 -- 62 1962 -- 63 1963 -- 64 1964 -- 65 1965 -- 66 1966 -- 67 1967 -- 68 1968 -- 69 1969 -- 70 1970 -- 71 1971 -- 72 1972 -- 73 1973 -- 74 1974 -- 75 1975 -- 76 1976 -- 77 1977 -- 78 1978 -- 79 1979 -- 80 1980 -- 81 1981 -- 82 1982 -- 83 1983 -- 84 1984 -- 85 1985 -- 86 1986 -- 87 1987 -- 88 1988 -- 89 1989 -- 90 1990 -- 91 1991 -- 92 1992 -- 93 1993 -- 94 1994 -- 95 1995 -- 96 1996 -- 97 1997 -- 98 1998 -- 99 1999 -- 2000 2000 -- 01 2001 -- 02 2002 -- 03 2003 -- 04 2004 -- 05 2005 -- 06 2006 -- 07 2007 -- 08 2008 -- 09 2009 -- 10 2010 -- 11 2011 -- 12 2012 -- 13 2013 -- 14 2014 -- 15 2015 -- 16 2016 -- 17 2017 -- 18 2018 -- 19 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Spanish_football_champions&oldid=838518299 '' Categories : Association football in Spain lists National association football champions La Liga Hidden categories : Articles with hCards Featured lists Talk Contents About Wikipedia Català Español Italiano ქართული Magyar Português Русский Scots Türkçe Українська 4 more Edit links This page was last edited on 27 April 2018 , at 14 : 45 . 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Parable of the Prodigal Son - wikipedia Parable of the Prodigal Son Jump to : navigation , search `` Prodigal son '' redirects here . For other uses , see The Prodigal Son ( disambiguation ) . `` The Return of the Prodigal Son '' redirects here . For the painting by Rembrandt , see The Return of the Prodigal Son ( Rembrandt ) . For Egyptian film by Youssef Chahine , see The Return of the Prodigal Son ( film ) . The Return of the Prodigal Son ( 1773 ) by Pompeo Batoni The Parable of the Prodigal Son ( also known as the Two Brothers , Lost Son , Loving Father , or Lovesick Father ) is one of the parables of Jesus and appears in Luke 15 : 11 -- 32 . Jesus Christ shares it with his disciples , the Pharisees and others . In the story , a father has two sons . The younger son asks for his inheritance and , after wasting his fortune ( the word prodigal means `` wastefully extravagant '' ) , becomes destitute . He returns home with the intention of begging his father to be made one of his hired servants , expecting his relationship with his father is likely severed . The father welcomes him back and celebrates his return . The older son refuses to participate . The father reminds the older son that one day he will inherit everything , and that they should still celebrate the return of the younger son because he was lost and is now found . It is the third and final part of a cycle on redemption , following the Parable of the Lost Sheep and the Parable of the Lost Coin . In Revised Common Lectionary and Latin Rite Catholic Lectionary , this parable is read on the fourth Sunday of Lent ( in Year C ) ; in the latter it is also included in the long form of the Gospel on the 24th Sunday of Ordinary Time in Year C , along with the preceding two parables of the cycle . In the Eastern Orthodox Church it is read on the Sunday of the Prodigal Son . Contents ( hide ) 1 Narrative 2 Context and interpretation 3 Commemoration and use 3.1 Orthodox 3.2 Catholic 4 In the arts 4.1 Art 4.2 Stage 4.3 Popular music 4.4 Literature 5 Similar parable in Mahayana Buddhism 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External links Narrative ( edit ) James Tissot -- The Return of the Prodigal Son ( Le retour de l'enfant prodigue ) -- Brooklyn Museum The parable begins with a young man , the younger of two sons , who asks his father to give him his share of the estate . The implication is the son could not wait for his father 's death for his inheritance , he wanted it immediately . The father agrees and divides his estate between both sons . Upon receiving his portion of the inheritance , the younger son travels to a distant country and wastes all his money in extravagant living . Immediately thereafter , a famine strikes the land ; he becomes desperately poor and is forced to take work as a swineherd . ( This , too , would have been abhorrent to Jesus ' Jewish audience , who considered swine unclean animals . ) When he reaches the point of envying the food of the pigs he is watching , he finally comes to his senses : But when he came to himself he said , `` How many hired servants of my father 's have bread enough to spare , and I 'm dying with hunger ! I will get up and go to my father , and will tell him , ' Father , I have sinned against heaven , and in your sight . I am no more worthy to be called your son . Make me as one of your hired servants . ' '' He arose , and came to his father . But while he was still far off , his father saw him , and was moved with compassion , and ran towards him , and fell on his neck , and kissed him . -- Luke 15 : 17 -- 20 , World English Bible This implies the father was hopefully watching for the son 's return . The son does not even have time to finish his rehearsed speech , since the father calls for his servants to dress him in a fine robe , a ring , and sandals , and slaughter the `` fattened calf '' for a celebratory meal . The older son , who was at work in the fields , hears the sound of celebration , and is told about the return of his younger brother . He is not impressed , and becomes angry . He also has a speech for his father : But he answered his father , `` Behold , these many years I have served you , and I never disobeyed a commandment of yours , but you never gave me a goat , that I might celebrate with my friends . But when this , your son , came , who has devoured your living with prostitutes , you killed the fattened calf for him . '' -- Luke 15 : 29 -- 30 , World English Bible The parable concludes with the father explaining that because the younger son had returned , in a sense , from the dead , celebration was necessary : `` But it was appropriate to celebrate and be glad , for this , your brother , was dead , and is alive again . He was lost , and is found . '' -- Luke 15 : 32 , World English Bible Context and interpretation ( edit ) Engraving of the Prodigal Son as a swineherd by Hans Sebald Beham , 1538 . This is the last of three parables about loss and redemption , following the parable of the Lost Sheep and the parable of the Lost Coin , that Jesus tells after the Pharisees and religious leaders accuse him of welcoming and eating with `` sinners . '' The father 's joy described in the parable reflects divine love , the `` boundless mercy of God '' , and `` God 's refusal to limit the measure of his grace . '' The request of the younger son for his share of the inheritance is `` brash , even insolent '' and `` tantamount to wishing that the father was dead . '' His actions do not lead to success , and he eventually becomes an indentured servant , with the degrading job of looking after pigs , and even envying them for the carob pods they eat . On the son 's return , the father treats him with a generosity far more than he has a right to expect . The older son , in contrast , seems to think in terms of `` law , merit , and reward '' , rather than `` love and graciousness . '' He may represent the Pharisees who were criticizing Jesus . The father , who represents the Heavenly Father , implies to the older son that his love for both sons is not dependent upon their perfection , but their willingness to return to Him with a broken heart and a contrite spirit . Commemoration and Use ( edit ) Stained glass window based on the parable , Charleston , South Carolina . Orthodox ( edit ) The Eastern Orthodox Church traditionally reads this story on the Sunday of the Prodigal Son , which in their liturgical year is the Sunday before Meatfare Sunday and about two weeks before the beginning of Great Lent . One common kontakion hymn of the occasion reads , I have recklessly forgotten Your glory , O Father ; And among sinners I have scattered the riches which You gave to me . And now I cry to You as the Prodigal : I have sinned before You , O merciful Father ; Receive me as a penitent and make me as one of Your hired servants . Catholic ( edit ) In his 1984 apostolic exhortation titled Reconciliatio et paenitentia ( Latin for Reconciliation and Penance ) , Pope John Paul II used this parable to explain the process of conversion and reconciliation . Emphasizing that God the Father is `` rich in mercy '' and always ready to forgive , he stated that reconciliation is a gift on his part . He stated that for the Church her `` mission of reconciliation is the initiative , full of compassionate love and mercy , of that God who is love . '' He also explored the issues raised by this parable in his second encyclical , Dives in misericordia ( Latin for Rich in Mercy ) , issued in 1980 . In the arts ( edit ) Rembrandt , The Return of the Prodigal Son , 1662 -- 1669 ( Hermitage Museum , St Petersburg ) Gerard van Honthorst , 1623 , like many works of the period , allows a genre scene with moral content . The Polish Rider ; possibly the prodigal son . The subject is of much discussion . Art ( edit ) Of the thirty or so parables in the canonical Gospels , this was one of the four that were shown in medieval art almost to the exclusion of the others , but not mixed in with the narrative scenes of the Life of Christ ( the others were the Wise and Foolish Virgins , Dives and Lazarus , and the Good Samaritan . The Labourers in the Vineyard also appears in Early Medieval works ) . From the Renaissance the numbers shown widened slightly , and the various scenes -- the high living , herding the pigs , and the return -- of the Prodigal Son became the clear favourite . Albrecht Dürer made a famous engraving of the Prodigal Son amongst the pigs ( 1496 ) , a popular subject in the Northern Renaissance . Rembrandt depicted several scenes from the parable , especially the final episode , which he etched , drew , or painted on several occasions during his career . At least one of his works , The Prodigal Son in the Tavern , a portrait of himself as the Son , revelling with his wife , is like many artists ' depictions , a way of dignifying a genre tavern scene -- if the title was indeed the original intention of the artist . His late Return of the Prodigal Son ( 1662 -- 1669 , Hermitage Museum , St Petersburg ) is one of his most popular works . Stage ( edit ) In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries the theme was a sufficiently popular subject that the Prodigal Son Play can be seen as a subgenre of the English morality play . Examples include The Rare Triumphs of Love and Fortune , The Disobedient Child , and Acolastus . Notable adaptations for performance include an 1869 oratorio by Arthur Sullivan , an 1884 cantata by Claude Debussy , a 1929 ballet choreographed by George Balanchine to music written by Sergei Prokofiev , a 1957 ballet by Hugo Alfvén , and an opera , The Prodigal Son by Benjamin Britten ( 1968 ) . Many of these adaptations added to the Biblical material to lengthen the story ; for example , the 1955 film The Prodigal took considerable liberties , such as adding a temptress priestess of Astarte to the tale . Popular music ( edit ) The parable is referenced in the last verse of the traditional Irish folk tune `` The Wild Rover '' ( `` I 'll go home to me parents , confess what I 've done / and I 'll ask them to pardon their prodigal son '' ) . Oblique adaptations include that by the Reverend Robert Wilkins , who told the story of this parable in the song `` Prodigal Son '' , which is probably best known as a cover version by the Rolling Stones on their 1968 album Beggar 's Banquet . `` Prodigal Man '' was written by Ted Nugent and is the second track of the third album `` Migration '' by The Amboy Dukes and was released in 1969 . The British heavy metal band Iron Maiden recorded a song titled `` Prodigal Son '' , based on the parable of the same name , which appeared on their second release , Killers , in 1981 . U2 recorded a song titled `` The First Time '' on their 1993 album Zooropa . While based on the parable , it presents the idea of an alternate ending to the story . It could be argued that Kelly Willard 's 1982 song , Make Me A Servant is based on what the son said to his father when he returned home . The Prodigal Son is the first posthumous release by piano player and gospel singer Keith Green ( 1983 ) . Detroit musician , Kid Rock , also recorded a song titled `` Prodigal Son '' , which appeared on his second album The Polyfuze Method , in 1993 . Kid Rock later re-recorded the track for his 2000 album The History of Rock . The Christian Rock trio BarlowGirl recorded the song `` She Walked Away '' , influenced by the parable , as part of their 2004 self - titled album . `` Indie '' rock band Two Gallants covered the parable in the song `` The Prodigal Son '' on their 2006 album What the Toll Tells . Musician Dustin Kensrue wrote a song about the Prodigal Son entitled `` Please Come Home '' on the album of the same name released in 2007 . Rock band Sevendust has a track titled `` Prodigal Son '' on their 2008 album , Chapter VII : Hope and Sorrow . The band Bad Religion has a song of the same title on their album New Maps of Hell . The band Extreme recorded a song titled `` Who Cares ? '' , which appeared on the album III Sides to Every Story , which is influenced by this parable . Brantley Gilbert released a song called `` Modern Day Prodigal Son '' . British Reggae band Steel Pulse recorded a song titled `` Prodigal Son '' on their debut album Handsworth Revolution , recreating the Biblical story as a Rastafarian parable . The Post-Hardcore band `` Gideon '' released a song called `` Prodigal Son '' , which appeared on their second album Milestone . Christian rock outfit The Chinese Express opened and closed their 2006 release with a two part telling of the parable with songs titled `` Said the son to the Father '' and `` Said the Father to the Son '' . Post-hardcore band `` Jamie 's Elsewhere '' also released a song titled `` Prodigal Son '' . The Irish rap group House of Pain references the parable in one of the verses of their song , `` Jump Around '' . English indie rock band alt - J references the parable in the first verse of their song `` Left Hand Free '' . On their 2015 album Something Different , the Christian band Sidewalk Prophets included an uplifting song titled `` Prodigal '' with lyrics that are directed towards the Prodigal Son from the parable , or any person who is or has felt like they are in a similar situation . In 2006 Country artist Dierks Bentley wrote a song for his album `` Long Trip Alone '' entitled `` The Prodigal Son 's Prayer '' The song is based on the son 's prospective of coming home after he 's ruined himself in the world . Gospel artists Tribute Quartet released When the Prodigal Comes Home in 2016 . Literature ( edit ) The Return of the Prodigal Son ( Leonello Spada , Louvre , Paris ) Another literary tribute to this parable is Dutch theologian Henri Nouwen 's 1992 book , The Return of the Prodigal Son : A Story of Homecoming , in which he describes his own spiritual journey infused with understanding based on an encounter with Rembrandt 's painting of the return of the Prodigal and deals with three personages : the younger , prodigal son ; the self - righteous , resentful older son ; and the compassionate father -- all of whom the author identifies with personally . An earlier work with similarities to the parable is `` Le retour de l'enfant prodigue '' ( `` The Return of the Prodigal Son '' ) , a short story by André Gide . Rudyard Kipling wrote a poem giving an interpretation of the younger brother 's perspective . The Parable of the Prodigal Son is also a recurring theme in the works of Rainer Maria Rilke , who interpreted the parable in a different way to the conventional reading . His version of the parable was not so concerned with redemption and the forgiveness of family ; the love of the family , and human love in general , was seen as less worthy than unreciprocated love , which is the purest form of love . In loving the family less , the Son can love God more , even if this love is not returned . The theme of the Prodigal Son plays a major role in Anne Tyler 's novel A Spool of Blue Thread . The Prodigal Son was also referred to in the play The Merchant Of Venice as well as As You Like It , pastoral comedies by William Shakespeare . The Prodigal Son is also mentioned in Shakespeare 's romance , The Winter 's Tale ( Act 4 , Scene 4 line 89 ) . Similar parable in Mahayana buddhism ( edit ) A similar parable of a lost son can also be found in the Mahayana Buddhist Lotus Sutra . The two parables are so similar in their outline and many details that several scholars have assumed that one version has influenced the other or that both texts share a common origin . However , an influence of the biblical story on the Lotus sutra is regarded as unlikely given the early dating of the stratum of the sutra containing the Buddhist parable . In spite of their similarities , both parables continue differently after the two meet for the first time at the son 's return . In the biblical story , there is an immediate reunion of the two . In contrast , in the Lotus sutra , the poor son does not recognize the rich man as his father . When the father sends out some attendants to welcome the son , the son panics , fearing some kind of retribution . The father then lets the son leave without telling him of their kinship . However , he gradually draws the son closer to him by employing him in successively higher positions , only to tell him of their kinship in the end . In the Buddhist parable , the father symbolises the Buddha , and the son symbolises any human being . Their kinship symbolises that any being has Buddha nature . The concealment of the kinship of the father to his son is regarded as a skillful means ( Sanskrit : upāya ) . See also ( edit ) Ministry of Jesus References ( edit ) Jump up ^ BibleGateway. 2016 . Luke 15 : 11 -- 32 The Parable of the Lost Son - Jesus . Jump up ^ BibleGateway. 2016 . Parable of the Forgiving Father ( 15 : 11 - 32 ) - The IVP New Testament Commentary Series Jump up ^ `` Lent 4C '' . TextWeek.com . Retrieved 2013 - 09 - 12 . Jump up ^ `` Proper 19 ( 24th Sunday of Ordinary Time ) '' . TextWeek.com . Retrieved 2016 - 09 - 11 . ^ Jump up to : Richard N. Longenecker , The Challenge of Jesus ' Parables , Eerdmans , 2000 , ISBN 0 - 8028 - 4638 - 6 , pp. 201 -- 213 . Jump up ^ Scott Hahn , Curtis Mitch , and Dennis Walters , Gospel of Luke : The Ignatius Study Guide , 2nd ed , Ignatius Press , 2001 , ISBN 0 - 89870 - 819 - 2 , p. 51 . ^ Jump up to : Arland J. Hultgren , The Parables of Jesus : A Commentary , Eerdmans Publishing , 2002 , ISBN 0 - 8028 - 6077 - X , pp. 70 -- 82 . Jump up ^ `` Scripture Readings Throughout the Year '' . Retrieved 2008 - 11 - 09 . Jump up ^ The post-synodal apostolic exhortations of John Paul II by Catholic Church 1998 ISBN 0 - 87973 - 928 - 2 pages 234 -- 239 Jump up ^ `` Vatican website ' ' Reconciliatio et paenitentia ' ' '' . Vatican.va . Retrieved 2013 - 10 - 18 . Jump up ^ `` Vatican website ' ' Dives in misericordia ' ' '' . Vatican . Retrieved 2013 - 10 - 18 . Jump up ^ Emile Mâle , The Gothic Image : Religious Art in France of the Thirteenth Century , p 195 , English translation of 3rd ed , 1913 , Collins , London ( and many other editions ) , ISBN 978 - 0064300322 Jump up ^ Roland E. Fleischer and Susan C. Scott , Rembrandt , Rubens , and the art of their time : recent perspectives , Pennsylvania State University Press , 1997 , ISBN 0 - 915773 - 10 - 4 , pp. 64 - 65 . Jump up ^ Craig , Hardin ( April 1950 ) . `` Morality Plays and Elizabethan Drama '' . Shakespeare Quarterly . 1 ( 2 ) : 71 . doi : 10.2307 / 2866678 . ISSN 0037 - 3222 . Jump up ^ Don Michael Randel , The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music , Harvard University Press , 1996 , ISBN 0 - 674 - 37299 - 9 , pp. 13 - 14 , Jump up ^ Paul Hammond , The shadow and its shadow : surrealist writings on the cinema , 3rd ed , City Lights Books , 2000 , ISBN 0 - 87286 - 376 - X , p. 70 . Jump up ^ BarlowGirl by BarlowGirl CD review at NewReleaseTuesday.com Jump up ^ Dustin Kensrue at YouthMinistry.com Jump up ^ Deirdre LaNoue , The Spiritual Legacy of Henri Nouwen , Continuum , 2000 , ISBN 0 - 8264 - 1283 - 1 , p. 45 . Jump up ^ Turnell , Martin . `` André Gide and the Disintegration of the Protestant Cell '' . Yale French Studies . Yale University Press ( 7 ) : 21 -- 31 . Jump up ^ `` The Prodigal Son '' . Famouspoetsandpoems.com . Retrieved 2013 - 10 - 18 . Jump up ^ Andrew Keith Malcolm Adam , Postmodern Interpretations of the Bible : A reader , Chalice Press , 2001 , ISBN 0 - 8272 - 2970 - 4 , pp. 202 -- 203 . Jump up ^ Books.google.co.uk . Books.google.co.uk . Retrieved 2013 - 10 - 18 . Jump up ^ Books.google.co.uk . Books.google.co.uk . Retrieved 2013 - 10 - 18 . Jump up ^ Sinkler , Rebecca Pepper ( February 13 , 2015 ) . `` Sunday Book Review : ' A Spool of Blue Thread ' by Anne Tyler '' . The New York Times . Retrieved October 5 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Lotus Sutra , Chapter 4 , translated By H. Kern Jump up ^ Suzuki , Takayasu ( 2015 ) . Two parables on `` The wealthy father and the poor son '' in the Saddharmapundarika and the Mahaberisutra , Journal of Indian and Budddhist Studies 63 ( 3 ) , 169 - 176 ^ Jump up to : Lai , Whalen W . `` The Buddhist Prodigal Son ' : A Story of Misperceptions '' . Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies 4.2 ( 1981 ) , p. 91 Jump up ^ Nhất Hạnh , Thích ( 2003 ) . Opening the Heart of the Cosmos . Parallax Press . pp. 37 -- 41 . ISBN 9781888375336 . Further reading ( edit ) Wiggins , James , 2010 . What Did Jesus Teach ? A Detailed Survey of His Parables ISBN 978 - 1477699065 David A. Holgate , Prodigality , liberality and meanness in the parable of the prodigal son : a Greco - Roman perspective on Luke 15.11 - 32 , Continuum , 1999 , ISBN 1 - 84127 - 025 - 3 . Father Raniero Cantalamessa , Pontifical Household preacher , `` Comments on Fourth Sunday of Lent Readings '' , Zenit News Agency , March 17 , 2007 . Rev. George Dimopoulos , `` The Prodigal Son '' , Orthodoxy and the world , February 24 , 2008 . G. Campbell Morgan , The Parable of the Father 's Heart . E. Di Rocco ( a cura di ) , Il romanzo della misericordia . La parabola del figliol prodigo nella letteratura in Studium , 4 ( 2013 ) , no 109 E. Di Rocco , Leggere le Scritture con le Scritture : Ugo di Santo Caro e Nicola di Lira lettori di Luca ( 15 , 11 - 32 ) , in Studium , 4 ( 2013 ) , no 109 . E. Di Rocco ( a cura di ) , Il romanzo della misericordia . La parabola di Luca nella letteratura moderna e contemporanea. in Studium , 2 ( 2014 ) , no 110 . E. Di Rocco , Heimkehr : wohin ? , Auszug : wohin ? : la parabola esistenziale del figliol prodigo nella letteratura del Novecento. in Studium , 2 ( 2014 ) , no 110 . External links ( edit ) Brooks , David . `` The Prodigal Sons '' , The New York Times , February 17 , 2014 Media related to Prodigal son at Wikimedia Commons Jesus Historicity Chronology of Jesus Genealogy of Jesus Historical Jesus Quest for the historical Jesus portraits sources Josephus on Jesus Tacitus mention Mara bar Serapion letter Historicity Gospels race and appearance Life events Birth Nativity Mary Joseph Flight into Egypt Childhood Unknown years Baptism Temptation Apostles selecting Great Commission Ministry Sermon on the Mount Plain Prayers Lord 's Prayer Parables Miracles Transfiguration Homelessness Last Supper Passion arrest trial Crucifixion sayings on the cross Tomb Resurrection Ascension New Testament Gospels Matthew Mark Luke Gospel harmony Oral gospel traditions Life of Jesus in the New Testament Historical background of the New Testament New Testament places associated with Jesus Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament Culture Language of Jesus Bibliography Films Christianity Christ Christianity Christology Depictions of Jesus art Jesus in Christianity pre-existence incarnation Relics associated with Jesus Scholastic Lutheran Christology Second Coming Session of Christ Other views Brothers of Jesus Holy Family Jesuism Jesus in comparative mythology Christ myth theory Jesus in Islam Ahmadiyya Jesus in Scientology Judaism 's view of Jesus in the Talmud Master Jesus Religious perspectives on Jesus Criticism Parables of Jesus Canonical Gospels Barren Fig Tree Budding Fig Tree Counting the cost Drawing in the Net Faithful Servant Friend at Night Good Samaritan Good Shepherd Great Banquet Growing Seed Hidden Treasure Lamp Leaven Lost Coin Lost Sheep Master and Servant Mustard Seed New Wine into Old Wineskins Pearl Pharisee and the Publican Prodigal Son Rich Fool Rich man and Lazarus Scribe Sheep and Goats Sower Strong Man Talents or minas Tares Ten Virgins True Vine Tree and its Fruits Two Debtors Two Sons Unjust Judge Unjust Steward Unforgiving Servant Wedding Feast Wicked Husbandmen Wise and Foolish Builders Workers in the Vineyard Non-canonical / disputed Assassin Empty Jar Parable of the Prodigal Son media Source Luke 15 Parables of Jesus Art The Wayfarer ( 1500s ) The Prodigal Son in the Brothel ( 1637 ) The Return of the Prodigal Son ( 1660s ) The Prodigal Son ( 1922 ) Film L'Enfant prodigue ( 1907 ) The Prodigal ( 1955 ) The Gospel ( 2005 ) The Prodigal Trilogy ( 2008 ) The Imposter ( 2008 ) Preacher 's Kid ( 2010 ) Stage The London Prodigal ( 1605 play ) The Prodigal Son ( 1929 ballet ) Opera L'enfant prodigue ( 1850 ) The Prodigal Son ( 1968 ) Music The Prodigal Son ( 1869 ) L'enfant prodigue ( 1884 ) Songs Symphony No. 4 `` Walkin ' to Missouri '' ( 1952 ) `` Prodigal Son '' ( 1994 ) Album Ants'hillvania ( 1981 ) The Prodigal Son ( 1983 ) Literature Tears of the Prodigal Son ( 1622 ) Le retour de l'enfant prodigue ( 1907 ) `` Home - Coming '' Papal Dives in misericordia ( 1980 ) Reconciliatio et paenitentia ( 1984 ) Other Fatted calf The Wonderful Wizard of Ha 's ( 2007 ) `` Michael '' `` The Burglar 's Christmas '' Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parable_of_the_Prodigal_Son&oldid=838189706 '' Categories : Parables of Jesus Eastern Orthodox liturgical days Gospel of Luke Talk Contents About Wikipedia Беларуская Català Dansk Deutsch Español Esperanto Français Frysk गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית Lumbaart മലയാളം مصرى မြန်မာဘာသာ Nederlands Nedersaksies 日本 語 ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Polski Português Runa Simi Русский Simple English Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் Українська Tiếng Việt 粵語 Zeêuws 中文 27 more Edit links This page was last edited on 25 April 2018 , at 13 : 39 . 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Question: who told the story of the prodigal son


Mall of America - wikipedia Mall of America Jump to : navigation , search Not to be confused with Mall of the Americas . Mall of America The Mall of America logo Alternative names MoA General information Type Shopping mall Address 60 East Broadway , Bloomington , Minnesota , United States 55425 Coordinates 44 ° 51 ′ 15 '' N 93 ° 14 ′ 32 '' W  /  44.85417 ° N 93.24222 ° W  / 44.85417 ; - 93.24222 Coordinates : 44 ° 51 ′ 15 '' N 93 ° 14 ′ 32 '' W  /  44.85417 ° N 93.24222 ° W  / 44.85417 ; - 93.24222 Opening August 11 , 1992 ; 25 years ago ( 1992 - 08 - 11 ) Owner Triple Five Group Technical details Floor count 4 on East and South Wings 3 on North and West Wings Floor area 2,500,000 sq ft ( 230,000 m ) + 5,400,000 sq ft ( 500,000 m ) Design and construction Architecture firm HGA , KKE Architects , Inc. , Jerde Partnership Main contractor Melvin Simon & Associates Triple Five Group Other information Number of stores 500 + Number of anchors Parking 12,287 spaces ( Two 7 - story ramps and two overflow surface lots ) Website mallofamerica.com Mall of America ( commonly , locally known as `` MOA '' or `` the mall '' ) is a shopping mall located in Bloomington , Minnesota , United States ( a suburb of the Twin Cities ) . Southeast of the junction of Interstate 494 and Minnesota State Highway 77 , north of the Minnesota River and across the Interstate from the Minneapolis -- St. Paul International Airport . Opened in 1992 , it is the second largest mall in terms of leaseable space , the largest mall in the United States in terms of total floor area ( including Nickelodeon Universe ) , and the twelfth largest in the world . The mall is managed by the Triple Five Group ( which in turn is owned by Canada 's Ghermezian family , along with the West Edmonton Mall ) . Eighty percent of visitors to the Mall of America are from Minnesota , Wisconsin , Iowa , the Dakotas , Illinois , Ohio , and Canada . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 2 Architecture 3 Tenants 4 Attractions 5 Nostalgic artifacts and memorials 6 Transit 7 Security 8 Criticism 9 Addition / expansion 10 Amusement park and other features 11 Usage in media 12 See also 13 References 14 External links History ( edit ) One escalator well The mall 's concept was designed by the Triple Five Group , owned by the Ghermezian brothers , who also own the largest shopping mall in North America , the West Edmonton Mall . Mall of America is located on the site of the former Metropolitan Stadium , where the Minnesota Vikings and Minnesota Twins played until the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome opened in 1982 . A plaque in the amusement park commemorates the former location of home plate , and one seat from Met Stadium was placed in Mall of America at the exact location it occupied in the stadium , commemorating a 520 - foot ( 160 m ) home run hit by hall - of - famer Harmon Killebrew on June 3 , 1967 . In 1986 , the Bloomington Port Authority signed an agreement with the Ghermezian organization . Groundbreaking for the mall took place on June 14 , 1989 . Organizations involved include Melvin Simon and Associates , Teachers Insurance and Annuity ( a.k.a. TIAA ) , the Triple Five Group , and the office of architect Jon Jerde . Mall of America opened its doors to the public on August 11 , 1992 . Even before opening , the mall had earned several nicknames , including `` The Megamall '' , `` Sprawl of America '' , `` Hugedale '' -- in reference to the four major `` dale '' shopping malls within the Twin Cities : Rosedale , Southdale , Ridgedale , and ( defunct as of 2010 ) Brookdale -- and simply , `` The Mall '' . Mall of America became the largest shopping mall in total area and largest in total store vendors in the United States when it opened . The Mall of America 's 42 million annual visitors equal roughly eight times the population of the state of Minnesota . The mall employs over 11,000 workers year - round and 13,000 during peak seasons . During its run as an all - encompassing entertainment and retail venue , certain aspects , particularly its bars , have come under scrutiny . In early - 2000 a Mardi Gras - themed bar , Fat Tuesday , shut its doors due to indecent exposure and alcohol - related offenses . In 2003 , after a protracted six - year legal battle between Simon Property Group , the managing general partner of the property , and the Ghermezian brothers / Triple Five Group , over majority ownership of the site , a federal appeals court ruled in favor of the Ghermezians , effectively transferring control and planning authority of the mall back to the creator of the concept . The dispute stemmed from a 1999 purchase of Teacher 's Insurance 's 27.5 % equity stake by Simon Properties , giving them majority ownership . The Ghermezians claimed they were never told of the deal and sued Simon , citing fiduciary responsibility . On November 3 , 2006 , the Ghermezians gained full control of Mall of America by spending US $1 billion . On May 18 , 2008 , the Minnesota State Legislature passed a bill granting the City of Bloomington the right to use $34 million in tax - increment - financing to pay for public infrastructure to support the MOA expansion . In early 2011 , construction began on an expansion of the south side of the mall near Killebrew Drive , where the 506 - room Radisson Blu hotel opened in March 2013 . The addition of this hotel was for the purposes of increasing accessibility to the park and making the Mall of America a destination location for anyone . The addition of the light rail between the airport and the Mall of America also enabled people with layovers in Minneapolis to spend a convenient afternoon at the Mall of America . On November 29 , 2011 , Google announced indoor maps for Mall of America along with several other places like airports , parks and public spaces . On January 3 , 2012 , Macy 's Inc. announced it would close its Bloomingdale 's location at the Mall of America . On March 24 , 2012 , the Triple Five Group announced the start of a $200 million expansion that would build into the north parking lot of the mall . Rather than the long planned Phase II expansion , this would be a step in building this expansion . The plans call for an additional hotel and an additional 200,000 square feet ( 19,000 m ) of retail space . In March 2014 , ground was broken on the mall 's north side for the $104 million , 14 - story JW Marriott hotel , owned and financed by the Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community . In winter 2012 -- 2013 , Mall of America hosted a 40 feet ( 12 m ) tall ice castle made of icicles formed from 4 million gallons of water and then fused together . The castle joined 50 large ice towers together to create a series of shimmering archways , tunnels , walls and caverns . In 2016 , King of Prussia Mall in King of Prussia , PA finished building a 140,000 + square ft. expansion with all new shops and restaurants connecting its two buildings ; the plaza , and the court . This expansion meant that Mall of America lost its spot of being the largest . Architecture ( edit ) Sign at a Mall of America entrance , removed in 2014 as part of the Phase II expansion The Mall of America has three levels on its West side , pictured above . The Mall of America has a gross area of 4,870,000 sq ft ( 452,000 m ) or 96.4 acres ( 390,000 m ) , enough to fit seven Yankee Stadiums inside , with 2,500,000 sq ft ( 230,000 m ) available as retail space . The mall is nearly symmetric , with a roughly rectangular floor plan . More than 530 stores are arranged along three levels of pedestrian walkways on the sides of the rectangle , with a fourth level on the east side . Four anchor department stores are located at the corners . The mall is organized into four different zones , each of those zones had its own decorative style until a series of renovations from 2010 to 2015 led to a unified and more luxurious style , as well as to coincide with the mall 's first major expansion . Despite Minnesota 's cold winters , only the mall 's entrances and some below ground areas are heated . Heat is allowed in through skylights above the central amusement park area . The majority of the heat is produced by lighting fixtures , other electric devices , and people in the mall . In fact , even during the winter , air conditioning systems may still be in use during peak hours to ensure a comfortable shopping environment . Although the common areas are unheated , the individual stores do have heating systems . Two nearly identical seven - story parking ramps on the east and west sides of the mall provide 12,287 parking spaces . Overflow parking north of the building provides an additional 1,200 -- 1,500 spaces , and 1,407 spaces are provided by IKEA that is part of the Phase II expansion of the mall which is under construction . Tenants ( edit ) Level One is the location of Nickelodeon Universe amusement park ( formerly Camp Snoopy ) , and first level of general retail which includes Sea Life Minnesota , Hard Rock Cafe , Lego Store , American Girl Place , Apple Store , Barnes & Noble , Fabletics , Sears , Macy 's , and Microsoft Store , Level Two features restaurants , shopping , MOA ® Moments , and the first Verizon Wireless Destination Store . Level Three has two food courts with more than 20 fast food and full service restaurants , mini-golf , shopping , and Crayola Experience . Level Four is the entertainment level with Hooters , Cantina # 1 , Rick Bronson 's House of Comedy , Gameworks , Dick 's Last Resort , Sky Deck Sports Grille and Lane , and the first U.S. location of SMAAASH , a virtual reality sports entertainment center . The Theatres at Mall of America ( Initially run by General Cinemas , bought out then rebranded by AMC Theatres , and eventually operated by mall management ) occupied the south side of the fourth floor through December 2016 , when it closed permanently . It was replaced by Cinemex subsidiary CMX Cinemas in fall 2017 . Attractions ( edit ) Nickelodeon Universe indoor theme park Amusement park view from third floor Nickelodeon Universe is an indoor theme park in the center of the mall . The park features roller coasters , among numerous other rides and attractions , and is the largest indoor theme park in the United States . Unlike many indoor amusement parks , Nickelodeon Universe has a great deal of natural foliage in and about the park , and its floor has a wide variance in height -- the highest ground level in the park is 15 feet ( 4.6 m ) above the lowest . The rides include the roller coasters SpongeBob SquarePants Rock Bottom Plunge and Avatar Airbender , and a thrill ride called BrainSurge . The latter attraction bills itself as a `` rather peculiar '' ride . It also has a miniature golfing section called Moose Mountain . This miniature golf course features eighteen holes and a relatively fast astroturf surface . At the Sea Life Minnesota Aquarium , guests travel through a 300 - foot - long ( 91 m ) curved tunnel through 14 feet ( 4.3 m ) of water to view over 4,500 sea creatures including sharks , turtles , stingrays , and many more . Sea Life Minnesota Aquarium offers special events such as sleepovers , scuba diving , snorkeling , and birthday parties . The Mall recently added Crayola Experience and FlyOver America to the list of family attractions . Nostalgic artifacts and memorials ( edit ) A stadium seat commemorating the longest home run at Metropolitan Stadium , hit by Minnesota Twins player Harmon Killebrew on June 3 , 1967 . The seat is painted red and bolted to a wall to mark the exact height and position at which the ball landed in the upper - deck seats . A plaque embedded in the floor of Nickelodeon Universe , marking the exact spot of home plate at Metropolitan Stadium . The home plate plaque in Nickelodeon Universe United Airlines Flight 93 memorial , for those who died aboard during the September 11 , 2001 attacks -- the bust of Tom Burnett ( who was born and raised in Bloomington ) is on the west side of the first floor , next to the fountain in front of Nordstrom . Transit ( edit ) Main article : Mall of America ( Metro Transit station ) In the lower level of the eastern parking ramp is the Mall of America Transit Station , the busiest transit hub in Minnesota with services to and from many destinations in the Minneapolis -- St. Paul metropolitan area . The Transit Station contains two stops on the Metro transit network : the southern terminus of the METRO Blue Line ( light rail ) to Downtown Minneapolis via MSP Airport and Hiawatha Avenue ( operated by Metro Transit ) , and the northern terminus of the METRO Red Line ( BRT ) to Lakeville ( operated by the Minnesota Valley Transit Authority ) . Both agencies also operate many local bus services to the Transit Station , and many area hotels along with the Mystic Lake Casino offer free shuttles to their establishments . The mall is not a park and ride facility , and overnight parking is banned to prevent passengers taking the train to the airport . Commuters are required to use the nearby 28th Avenue Station 's parking ramp . The Mall of America Transit Station is undergoing a study to increase efficiency and capacities , and to provide a better experience for its users . Estimates for the upgrade are approximately $20 million . Security ( edit ) The Mall of America 's security program is unique and in many ways the first of its kind . Michael Rozin , who used to be employed as the mall 's Special Operations Security Captain , developed and implemented a behavior detection unit specifically focused on mitigating the threat of terrorism and enhancing counter-terrorism capabilities . Behavior Detection Officers ( BDOs ) are trained extensively in Israel , each one going through at least 240 hours of training that includes communication techniques , first aid , defensive tactics , crisis intervention , terrorism awareness , and rapid response . As Doug Reynolds , the Security Director at the mall , noted in a congressional testimony in 2008 , BDOs are taught to `` look for intent , rather than means . The objective is to focus on suspicious indicators in three categories : People , vehicles and unattended items like backpacks , shopping bags , suitcases . '' This methodology has prepared the mall for a variety of threats , both from terrorists and everyday criminals . In 2011 , NPR 's All Things Considered and Morning Edition and PBS 's Newshour both aired programs documenting security abuses by the mall 's security personnel . In February 2015 , the Al - Shabaab militant group also released a propaganda video calling for attacks on the Mall of America and other Western shopping centers . Although the group had never launched attacks in North America , security at the mall was tightened in response and Homeland Security issued a one - day alert to shoppers to remain vigilant . Criticism ( edit ) During the first decade of MOA 's existence , demonstrators protested animal cruelty and sweatshop conditions . In 1994 , protesters confronted actor Charlton Heston at a mall restaurant over his campaigning efforts on behalf of a Republican U.S. Senate candidate . In 1996 , two people were arrested after they locked themselves to Macy 's doors in the spirit of the annual Fur - Free Friday demonstration . The Minnesota Supreme Court decided in 1999 that because the mall is private property , constitutional free speech protections do not apply . People inside the mall have been questioned or detained for operating video cameras , using notebooks , or other perceived suspicious behaviors . As of 2010 , Michael Rozin , the former Special Operations Security Captain and founder of the mall 's behavior detection unit instructed its members that `` suspicious behavior '' constitutes `` photographing such things as air - conditioning ducts or signs that a shopper might have something to hide . '' Commander Jim Ryan of the Bloomington Police Department commented that the mall 's security methods may `` infringe on some freedoms , unfortunately . '' On December 31 , 2013 , members from the First Nations protest movement Idle No More attempted to repeat a successful Native - American round dance held at the mall in 2012 , but failed after being stopped by mall security , who refused to allow Idle No More to hold their dance . Organizers of the dance , Patricia Shepard and Reyna Crow from Duluth were arrested on site for trespassing . On December 21 , 2014 , thousands of protesters attended an unauthorized demonstration organized by Black Lives Matter in the mall 's rotunda . The demonstration was in response to the Michael Brown fatal shooting in Ferguson , Missouri , and the then recent jury decision not to prosecute the white officer in that case , as well as the death of Eric Garner of New York . In response to the demonstration , the Mall of America closed the areas of the mall around the rotunda . Police arrested 25 demonstrators . The Bloomington City Attorney , Sandra Johnson , is pursuing charges against the organizers , ranging `` from disorderly conduct and trespassing to inciting a riot '' . The city is seeking thousands of dollars in compensatory damages from some of the organizers for out - of - pocket costs the city incurred while paying overtime for additional security . In response to these charges , demonstrators have called for a boycott of the mall . Plans for another Black Lives Matter demonstration at the Mall of America on December 23 , 2015 prompted Mall officials to file a restraining order against the movement 's activists . Eight individual activists were sued in Hennepin County District Court . The mall 's lawsuit would prohibit the defendants from demonstrating and require them to delete all of their posts to social media pertaining to the demonstration . The lawsuit additionally asked that the court jail Black Lives Matter activists unless they publicly announce that the demonstration is cancelled on their social media accounts . The American Civil Liberties Union of Minnesota called the mall 's lawsuit an `` improper prior restraint on speech '' and an unconstitutional overreach . Leaders of the demonstration indicated that the demonstration would go ahead as scheduled . Addition / expansion ( edit ) Word of Mall of America 's expansion has been stirring since the mid 1990s , however the first confirmation of an expansion occurred in 2005 when Triple 5 announces Mall of America Phase 2 , a project that would expand the Mall of America to the north , crossing Lindau Lane and occupying the former site of Met Center . However , this expansion was delayed due to the tightening of the credit market . Eventually this was broken into four major projects : 1b , 1c , 2b , 2c . Status of Phase 2 completion : Complete : 1B : Radisson Blu South expansion complete 2013 1C : retail , restaurant , office and J.W. Marriott North expansion complete 2016 Planned : 2B : 2 - 3 story retail expansion including connection over Lindau Lane , luxury hotel , addition parking ramp . North Expansion on site of Met Center , Plan submitted to Bloomington Fall 2016 , Construction 2017 , Open 2018 - 2019 Concepts : 2C : 3 story retail plus additional hotel , entertainment venue located north of 2B with connections to Ikea and American Blvd Shown on approved PDP from 2015 submission for 2B , but schedule dependent on 2B completion . Amusement park and other features ( edit ) The amusement park , during its `` Camp Snoopy '' days . The Metropolitan Stadium home plate marker . The Harmon Killebrew chair . The carousel at the amusement park . The band organ , formerly at the carousel entrance . The Bubba Gump Shrimp Co. restaurant . Another shot of the amusement park during the Camp Snoopy era . Another shot of Camp Snoopy from a different angle . The Kite - Eating Tree ride is shown in this picture . When Camp Snoopy became Nickelodeon Universe in 2008 , the Kite - Eating Tree was restyled and renamed Swing - Along . The three - story American flag , which was used on July 4 , 2008 . The mall 's information sign , which shows the use of `` MOA '' . The MPR store , emphasizing A Prairie Home Companion . Al 's Farm Toys , a farm - themed toy store which closed in 2016 . A few of the unique sports - themed stores throughout the mall . Team Choice and Lids Locker Room ( formerly Locker Room ) closed , but Goldy 's and Rybicki Cheese remain and Goldy 's has since become Goldy 's Locker Room . The legendary mural imitating Seurat ; formerly near the food court . The Lego `` Imagination Center '' , the longest - standing Mall attraction . The Lego Store after 2009 remodeling . Usage in media ( edit ) The Mall of America was used as a filming location for various movies and television shows , including : D2 : The Mighty Ducks ( 1994 ) Jingle All The Way ( 1996 ) You 're Invited to Mary - Kate & Ashley 's Mall Party ( 1997 ) Mall Masters ( 2001 ) Mall Cops : Mall of America ( 2010 ) The End of the Tour ( 2015 ) See also ( edit ) Minnesota portal List of the world 's largest shopping malls List of largest shopping malls in the United States References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` The Mall of America '' . Translucency.com . Retrieved December 20 , 2011 . Jump up ^ Sandra Larriva and Gabe Weisert ( April 25 , 2007 ) . `` Most Visited Tourist Attractions '' . Forbes Traveler . Archived from the original on July 31 , 2009 . ^ Jump up to : `` Facts - Mall of America '' . Mall of America . Retrieved 2015 - 03 - 18 . Jump up ^ `` STATE OF MINNESOTA OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE HEARINGS FOR THE BLOOMINGTON CITY COUNCIL '' ( PDF ) . July 14 , 2000 . Jump up ^ `` Brothers win back control of megamall ; Simon Property will contest a ruling that transfers majority ownership '' . Star Tribune . September 12 , 2003 . Jump up ^ Black , Sam ( November 3 , 2006 ) . `` Ghermezians take sole control of Mall of America in $1 B deal '' . Minneapolis / St. Paul Business Journal . Jump up ^ `` A new frontier for Google Maps '' . Google . 2011 . Jump up ^ `` Bloomingdale 's at Mall of America closing ; space to be divided '' . Twin Cities . 2012 - 01 - 03 . Retrieved 2017 - 11 - 17 . Jump up ^ Webbtwebb , Tom . `` Mall of America plans $200 million expansion '' . TwinCities.com . Retrieved July 24 , 2012 . Jump up ^ ' Ground ' broken on $325 million Mall of America expansion . Retrieved March 21 , 2014 . Jump up ^ `` Mall of America Pressroom '' . Press.mallofamerica.com . October 25 , 2012 . Retrieved July 7 , 2013 . Jump up ^ ( 1 ) Citation of fitting `` seven Yankee Stadiums '' inside the retail space of MOA , listed in the City of Bloomington , MN Web site . Retrieved January 22 , 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Mall of America ' giant makeover ditches 90 's in bid to stay hip '' . Startribune.com . Star Tribune . Retrieved 5 December 2016 . Jump up ^ Elmasry , Faiza ( October 10 , 2006 ) . `` America 's Largest Mall Offers More than Shopping '' . Voice of America . Jump up ^ Schapiro , Rose ( November 29 , 2007 ) . `` Road Trip to the Mall of America '' . Chicago Weekly . Retrieved December 10 , 2012 . Jump up ^ WCCO -- TV ( January 25 , 2008 ) . `` Heating Costs '' . Jump up ^ `` MALL OF AMERICA ® DIRECTORY MAP '' . Retrieved December 30 , 2014 . Jump up ^ DiCarlo , Lisa . `` AMC To Acquire General Cinema '' . Forbes . Retrieved 2017 - 12 - 07 . Jump up ^ Kumar , Kavita . `` Shuttered Mall of America movie theaters will reopen with gourmet food , cocktails '' . Star Tribune . StarTribune . Retrieved 29 January 2017 . Jump up ^ `` * Official * SEA LIFE Minnesota '' . Sharky.tv . Retrieved December 20 , 2011 . Jump up ^ `` * Official * SEA LIFE Minnesota '' . Sharky.tv . Retrieved December 20 , 2011 . ^ Jump up to : `` Baseball at the Mall '' . Dusty Lens . March 11 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Merullo , Roland ( May 13 , 2006 ) . `` Who Financed 9 / 11 ? '' . Reader 's Digest Australia . Jump up ^ `` Mall of America Transit Station '' ( PDF ) . Senate.MN . Minnesota Senate . Retrieved 4 November 2016 . Jump up ^ `` RSC Team - Security Subject Matter Experts '' . Retrieved 2015 - 10 - 04 . Jump up ^ `` Inside the Anti-Terror Task Force at the Mall of America '' . Foreign Policy . Retrieved 2015 - 10 - 04 . Jump up ^ Committee on Homeland Security House of Representatives One Hundred Tenth Congress ( July 9 , 2008 ) . `` The Challenge of Protecting Mass Gatherings in a Post-9 / 11 World '' . US Government Printing Office . Committee on Homeland Security . Retrieved October 4 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Under Suspicion at the Mall of America '' . NPR . September 7 , 2011 . Jump up ^ PBS ( September 2011 ) . `` Attention Mall Shoppers : Are You Engaging in Suspicious Activity ? '' . PBS . ^ Jump up to : `` ' Be particularly careful ' today , U.S. homeland security chief tells MOA visitors '' . Star Truibune. 22 February 2015 . Retrieved 22 February 2015 . Jump up ^ `` No `` imminent threat '' to West Edmonton Mall visitors , RCMP says `` . Edmonton Journal . 22 February 2015 . Archived from the original on 24 February 2015 . Retrieved 22 February 2015 . ^ Jump up to : LIBOR JANY ( December 24 , 2014 ) . `` Bloomington seeks charges against Mall of America protesters '' . Star Tribune . Retrieved January 9 , 2015 . Jump up ^ G.W. SCHULZ , DANIEL ZWERDLING and ANDREW BECKER ( September 11 , 2011 ) . `` They 're watching at the Mall of America '' . Star Tribune . Retrieved January 8 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` The shadow of suspicion falls in the Mall of America '' . Salon . September 7 , 2011 . Jump up ^ Rupar , Aaron . `` Idle No More flash dance brings more than 1,000 protesters to Mall of America '' . CityPages . Retrieved 22 February 2015 . Jump up ^ KBJR News . `` '' Idle No More '' Round Dance attempt ends in arrests at Mall of America `` . Northland Newsletter . Retrieved 22 February 2015 . Jump up ^ The Associated Press . `` Chanting ' Black Lives Matter , ' Protesters Shut Down Part of Mall of America '' . The New York Times . Retrieved 21 March 2015 . Jump up ^ Ben Brumfield ( December 21 , 2014 ) . `` ' Black Lives Matter ' protesters storm mall '' . CNN . Retrieved January 9 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Brandt Williams ( March 10 , 2015 ) . `` Mall of America demonstrators plead not guilty to charges '' . MPR News . Retrieved March 21 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Moyer , Justin Wm . ( December 22 , 2015 ) . `` Mall of America sues to stop planned Dec. 23 protest by Black Lives Matter '' . The Washington Post . Jump up ^ `` Black Lives Matter Minneapolis : 8 Activists Sued By MOA '' . CBS Minnesota . December 21 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Rietmulder , Michael ( December 22 , 2015 ) . `` Mall of America wants restraining order against Black Lives Matter protest '' . City Pages . Jump up ^ Feshir , Riham ; Collins , Jon ; Cox , Peter ( December 21 , 2015 ) . `` Black Lives Matter vows MOA protest ; judge weighs restraining order '' . MPR News . Jump up ^ `` New Plans for the $1 Billion Phase II Expansion at Mall of America Features High - End Retail and a World Class Casino '' . Jump up ^ `` MOA Phase 2 Renderings '' ( PDF ) . Jump up ^ `` MOA ® Moments : Behind the Screens '' . Retrieved October 13 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Vomhof Jr. , John ( March 21 , 2010 ) . `` Mall of America seeks more roles in reality shows after ' Mall Cops ' success '' . Minneapolis / St. Paul Business Journal . External links ( edit ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mall of America . Mall of America Official Site Labelscar summary Metro Transit : Mall of America Station City Pages staff writer Matt Snyders spends one week in the Mall of America ( hide ) Twin Cities shopping centers North Metro Northtown Mall Riverdale Village East Metro Har Mar Mall Maplewood Mall Rosedale Center Woodbury Lakes South Metro Burnsville Center The Galleria Mall of America Southdale Center Southtown Center West Metro Albertville Premium Outlets Arbor Lakes Eden Prairie Center The Grove Ridgedale Center Shoppes at Knollwood Twin Cities Calhoun Square Cray Plaza Gaviidae Common Nicollet Mall Saint Anthony Main Defunct Apache Plaza Bandana Square Brookdale Center Four Seasons Mall Wayzata Bay Center Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall_of_America&oldid=816199567 '' Categories : Buildings and structures in Bloomington , Minnesota Minneapolis -- Saint Paul Shopping malls established in 1992 Shopping malls in Hennepin County , Minnesota Shopping malls in Minnesota Tourist attractions in Hennepin County , Minnesota 1992 establishments in Minnesota Hidden categories : Pages using deprecated image syntax Coordinates on Wikidata Pages using infobox building with unsupported parameters Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2010 All articles containing potentially dated statements All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015 All articles lacking reliable references Articles lacking reliable references from January 2015 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Dansk Deutsch Español فارسی Français 한국어 Bahasa Indonesia Italiano मराठी Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Simple English Slovenčina Suomi Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 19 December 2017 , at 22 : 25 . 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Question: what was the purpose of the mall of america