Joie de vivre - wikipedia Joie de vivre Jump to : navigation , search `` Joy of living '' redirects here . For the 1961 film , see The Joy of Living . For other uses , see Joy of life ( disambiguation ) . Eduard von Grützner 's depiction of Falstaff , a literary character well known for his joie de vivre Joie de vivre ( French pronunciation :  ( ʒwa də vivʁ ) , joy of living ) is a French phrase often used in English to express a cheerful enjoyment of life ; an exultation of spirit . It `` can be a joy of conversation , joy of eating , joy of anything one might do ... And joie de vivre may be seen as a joy of everything , a comprehensive joy , a philosophy of life , a Weltanschauung . Robert 's Dictionnaire says joie is sentiment exaltant ressenti par toute la conscience , that is , involves one 's whole being . '' Contents ( hide ) 1 Origins and development 2 Psychology 3 Adaptations 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading Origins and development ( edit ) Casual use of the phrase in French can be dated back at least as far as Fénelon in the late 17th century , but it was only brought into literary prominence in the 19th century , first by Michelet ( 1857 ) in his pantheistic work Insecte , to contrast the passive life of plants with animal joie de vivre , and then by Émile Zola in his book of that name from 1883 -- 84 . Thereafter , it took on increasing weight as a mode of life , evolving at times almost into a secular religion in the early 20th century ; and subsequently fed into Lacanian emphasis on `` a jouissance beyond the pleasure principle '' in the latter half of the century -- a time when its emphasis on enthusiasm , energy and spontaneity gave it a global prominence with the rise of hippie culture . Psychology ( edit ) 20th century proponents of self - actualization such as Abraham Maslow or Carl Rogers saw , as one of the by - products , the rediscovery of what the latter called `` the quiet joy in being one 's self ... a spontaneous relaxed enjoyment , a primitive joie de vivre '' . Joie de vivre has also been linked to D.W. Winnicott 's concept of a sense of play , and of access to the true self . Adaptations ( edit ) It is usually referenced in its standard French form , but various corruptions are observed such as joie de vie , which would translate to `` joy of life '' . The Matisse painting Le bonheur de vivre translates as , `` The Happiness of Life '' . See also ( edit ) Look up joie de vivre in Wiktionary , the free dictionary . Bon viveur Carpe diem Élan vital Epicurus Flow ( psychology ) Happiness Joy Quality of life François Rabelais References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Shibles , Warren ( 1997 ) . Humor Reference Guide : A Comprehensive Classification and Analysis . Carbondale : Southern Illinois University Press . ISBN 0 - 8093 - 2097 - 5 . ^ Jump up to : Harrow , Susan ; Unwin , Timothy A ; Freeman , Michael ( 2009 ) . Joie de vivre in French literature and culture : essays in honour of Michael Freeman . Amsterdam , NTH & New York , NY : Rodopi Publishers . ISBN 9789042028968 . OCLC 430229593 . Jump up ^ Lacan , Jacques ; Miller , Jacques - Alain ; Sheridan , Alan ( 1994 ) . The four fundamental concepts of psycho - analysis . London , UK : Penguin Books . p. 184 . ISBN 9780140242782 . OCLC 33725110 . Later online version of The four fundamental concepts of psycho - analysis . London , UK & New York , NY : Karnac. 2004 . OCLC 733841387 , 729166946 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . Jump up ^ Andrews , Cecile ( 2006 ) . Slow is beautiful : new visions of community , leisure and joie de vivre . Gabriola Island , BC , Canada : New Society Publishers . p. 96 . ISBN 9781550924145 . OCLC 471124890 , 810539385 . Jump up ^ Rogers , Carl R ( 1961 ) . On becoming a person : a therapist 's view of psychotherapy . Boston , MA , USA : Houghton Mifflin Company . pp. 87 -- 88 . ISBN 9780395084090 . OCLC 172718 . Later online versions of On becoming a person : a therapist 's view of psychotherapy . OCLC 782873749 , 783585017 , 856932797 , 858970706 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . On Becoming a Person : A Therapist 's View of Psychotherapy at Google Books Jump up ^ Lamb , Charles ( 1985 ) . Phillips , Adam , ed . Selected prose . Harmondsworth , Middlesex , UK & New York , NY : Penguin classics . p. 446 . ISBN 9780140432381 . OCLC 680112630 . Jump up ^ `` Joie de Vie Poodle Dog Wall Art '' . wayfair.com . Retrieved 2013 - 11 - 16 . Further reading ( edit ) Schutz , William ( 1973 ) . Joy : Expanding Human Awareness . New York , NY : Ballantine Books . ISBN 9780345274595 . OCLC 3756811 . Csikszentmihalyi , Mihaly ( 1991 ) . Flow : The Psychology of Optimal Experience . New York , NY : Harper Perennial . ISBN 9780060920432 . OCLC 473801272 . Retrieved 2013 - 11 - 16 . Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joie_de_vivre&oldid=790584049 '' Categories : French words and phrases Happiness Hidden categories : Pages containing links to subscription - only content Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters Pages using Columns - list with deprecated parameters Talk Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch Bahasa Indonesia Edit links This page was last edited on 14 July 2017 , at 18 : 17 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: how do you say zest for life in french


Hollywood Video - wikipedia Hollywood Video Jump to : navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( July 2016 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Hollywood Entertainment Former type Public Industry Retail Fate Bankruptcy Founded Defunct Headquarters Wilsonville , Oregon Products VHS , DVD , Blu - ray , and video game rentals and sales Parent Movie Gallery Subsidiaries Hollywood Entertainment , GameCrazy Website Official website A typical Hollywood Video store in 2007 . Hollywood Video in 2009 , with attached Game Crazy location . Hollywood Entertainment Corporation ( Nasdaq : HLYW ) , known as Hollywood Video , was a home video and video game rental shop company started in 1988 . The chain was the largest direct competitor to Blockbuster Video until it was purchased by Movie Gallery in 2005 . Hollywood Video ceased operations in May 2010 , when Movie Gallery , its parent company , declared Chapter 7 bankruptcy . Its last US store closed its doors on July 31 , 2010 , whereas the last one in Canada closed on August 8 of that year . As of late 2011 , the HollywoodVideo.com site had been relaunched as a blog , which was discontinued in October 2014 . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 1.1 20th century 1.2 21st century 2 Headquarters 3 See also 4 References 5 External links History ( edit ) 20th century ( edit ) In 1984 , Mark Wattles left college and was struggling financially . Wattles ' parents had given him and his wife a VCR , which they used as a form of low - cost entertainment . Wattles later said : `` I thought , ' There must be other people in America in the same shoes . I think this would be a great business . '' In 1985 , Wattles borrowed money so he could open a 500 square - foot video rental store with 300 films , located in downtown Portland , Oregon . In 1988 , Wattles formed Hollywood Entertainment and served as the company 's president and chief executive . Hollywood Video stores later opened in Washington , California , Nevada , and Texas . In 1993 Hollywood , which operated 16 stores , became a public company . As of 1994 , the average Hollywood Video store was 7,500 square feet with 16,000 video tapes . In some instances , the company ordered up to 70 copies of a popular film for each store , while some stores stocked up to 200 copies of a single film . At that time , each store generated approximately $1 million , while 78 additional stores were planned to open in 1995 . In January 1995 , Blockbuster filed a $10 million lawsuit against Hollywood Entertainment for hiring five former Blockbuster employees . Blockbuster alleged that the employees knew some of the company 's trade secrets , which could be used to aid Hollywood Entertainment . At the time , Hollywood Video had 117 stores , compared to Blockbuster 's 2,800 stores . Hollywood Video was ranked fourth in national sales . In May 1995 , a judge ruled in favor of Hollywood Entertainment , stating that Blockbuster had failed to demonstrate irreparable harm as a result of the hiring . In June 1995 , Hollywood Entertainment had 153 stores in 11 states . The company 's locations included stores operating under the Video Park and Video Central names . That month , Hollywood Entertainment announced plans to triple the number of stores by late 1997 . In August 1995 , Hollywood Entertainment purchased the 42 - store Video Watch chain in the mid-western United States for $59 million . Video Watch was the last of four video rental chains that had been targeted by Hollywood Entertainment for purchase . In November 1995 , Hollywood Entertainment announced plans to open 90 stores in Michigan over the next three years . The company also planned to open more than 200 stores in 1996 . In 1996 Hollywood decided to establish three regional offices , with one each in the Chicago , Houston , and San Francisco Bay Areas . In July 1998 , CEO Mark Wattles announced Hollywood had purchased Reel.com `` in a deal valued at $100 million '' , which included $30 million in cash to Reel 's stockholders ; Reel.com was to continue operating independently , and still led by its CEO Julie Wainwright . 21st century ( edit ) This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . ( April 2012 ) Hollywood Video was the target of a hostile takeover attempt , initially announced at the end of December 2004 by competitor Blockbuster Video . In February 2005 , Blockbuster announced an exchange offer of $14.50 per share ( $11.50 cash and $3.00 in Blockbuster shares ) . In response , Hollywood Video agreed to a buyout on Monday , January 10 , 2005 by Movie Gallery , a smaller competitor . Movie Gallery paid $860 million , $13.25 per share , and the assumption of $380 million in debt . Stocks closed at $13.85 on January 10 after this news . Blockbuster then dropped its purchase plans , citing anti-trust concerns . Movie Gallery completed its purchase of Hollywood Video on April 27 , 2005 . Hollywood became a subsidiary of Movie Gallery and maintained its Oregon headquarters . In December 2011 , the website hollywoodvideo.com was relaunched as a movie news curator blog . The site used an automated `` social scoring algorithm '' to link to articles on the web pertaining to movies and other entertainment media content . The site also contained a blog written by a single editor ( that was later expanded to multiple editors ) about current movie - related news . As of April 2013 , the `` social scoring algorithm '' part of the site was removed and replaced with the blog . The website also contained an interface for searching and buying movies from Amazon.com from within the Hollywood Video site . Headquarters ( edit ) This section contains information of unclear or questionable importance or relevance to the article 's subject matter . Please help improve this section by clarifying or removing superfluous information . If importance can not be established , the section is likely to be moved to another article , pseudo-redirected , or removed . Find sources : `` Hollywood Video '' -- news newspapers books scholar JSTOR ( April 2012 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) At one time , Hollywood Video was headquartered in Beaverton , Oregon , in an 85,000 - square - foot ( 7,900 m ) office building . In 1996 , Hollywood moved its employees out of the building two years into its five - year lease . In 1996 , Poorman - Douglas Corp agreed to occupy all of the space in the Beaverton building , relieving Hollywood of extra rent payments . After Hollywood decided to leave Beaverton , it signed a long - term lease for a 166,000 square feet ( 15,400 m ) building in Wilsonville , Oregon . Robert Goldfield of the Portland Business Journal said that Hollywood Video `` barely '' took occupancy of the structure ; then Mark Wattles , the chief executive , decided to move the offices and the Hollywood Video headquarters to the former Smith 's Home Furnishings headquarters in Wilsonville . In 1996 170 full - time employees worked from the headquarters . The 173,000 square feet ( 16,100 m ) Smith 's headquarters facility was no longer occupied by October 1998 ; as of that month the space was for lease . Hollywood 's Nasdaq trading became no longer active . In early October 2014 , it became a Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram dealership , which is owned and operated by Henderson , Nevada - based Findlay Automotive Group , who named the dealership Findlay Chrysler Jeep Dodge Ram Wilsonville . In 1997 , when Hollywood was considering a new headquarters location , the City of Wilsonville had signage codes that did not allow companies to use neon . The codes made Hollywood consider using other locations . Members of the City of Wilsonville 's development review boards said that neon was out of character for the Wilsonville Business Park , Hollywood Video 's prospective location . In January 1999 Trammell Crow Co. bought the 77 acres ( 31 ha ) Thrifty Payless Inc. headquarters for $25.5 million and then broke the compound into sections , selling pieces of it for a total of $22 million ; Trammell Crow retained control of the $8 million , 120,000 - square - foot ( 11,000 m ) headquarters building . Hollywood leased the headquarters building , and Hollywood remained headquartered in Wilsonville . See also ( edit ) List of companies based in Oregon Blockbuster LLC References ( edit ) ^ Jump up to : Miller , Brian K. `` Listed industrial space in area is now plentiful . '' Portland Business Journal . Friday October 16 , 1998 by Mark Wattles . Retrieved on September 26 , 2010 . Jump up ^ New York Times Jump up ^ Spector , Mike ; Lattman , Peter ( May 3 , 2010 ) . `` Hollywood Video Closes Doors '' . Wall Street Journal . Retrieved 2012 - 03 - 30 . ^ Jump up to : `` Hollywood Video hits big time '' . The Associated Press . December 16 , 1994 . Retrieved February 23 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Rose , Michael . `` Hollywood Video expansion includes three regional offices . '' Portland Business Journal . Sunday June 23 , 1996 . Retrieved on September 26 , 2010 . ^ Jump up to : `` Judge rules in favor of Portland video chain '' . Statesman Journal . May 3 , 1995 . Retrieved February 23 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Blockbuster sues rival company '' . Tallahassee Democrat . February 4 , 1995 . Retrieved February 23 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Expansion plan boosts stock for Hollywood '' . Statesman Journal . June 23 , 1995 . Retrieved February 23 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Hollywood Video will buy 42 stores '' . Statesman Journal . August 2 , 1995 . Retrieved February 23 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : `` Hollywood Video expanding in state '' . Battle Creek Enquirer . November 22 , 1995 . Retrieved February 23 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Pelline , Jeff ( July 31 , 1998 ) . `` Reel.com goes Hollywood '' . CNET News . Archived from the original on 2000 - 01 - 21 . Jump up ^ `` Movie Gallery completes Hollywood acquisition . '' Portland Business Journal . Thursday April 28 , 2005 . Retrieved on September 26 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` About The New Hollywood Video '' . The NEW Hollywood Video . Retrieved 2015 - 12 - 28 . Jump up ^ `` The NEW Hollywood Video - An Entertainment News Curator '' . 2013 - 04 - 07 . Archived from the original on April 7 , 2013 . Retrieved 2015 - 12 - 28 . ^ Jump up to : Goldfield , Robert . `` Poorman - Douglas swallows up Hollywood 's Beaverton space . '' Portland Business Journal . Sunday October 6 , 1996 . Retrieved on September 26 , 2010 . Jump up ^ Binole , Gina . `` Hollywood sign imbroglio : No neon , no headquarters . '' Portland Business Journal . Friday August 29 , 1997 . Retrieved on September 26 , 2010 . Jump up ^ Miller , Brian . `` There was never a dull moment in real estate . '' Portland Business Journal . Friday January 1 , 1999 . 1 . Retrieved on September 26 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Contact Us . '' Hollywood Video . June 11 , 2004 . Retrieved on September 25 , 2010 . `` Hollywood Entertainment Corporation 9275 SW Peyton Lane Wilsonville , OR 97070 . '' External links ( edit ) Media related to Hollywood Video at Wikimedia Commons Video rental shops Brick and mortar Chain stores Civic Video Culture Convenience Club Family Video Jumbo Video Le SuperClub Vidéotron Video Ezy DVD - by - mail Netflix Quickflix Kiosks Xtra - Vision ( Xtra - Vision Xpress ) Best Buy Redbox Streaming media BlackBerry World CinemaNow FandangoNOW Google Play Movies iTunes Store Movies & TV Netflix Quickflix Sling TV Defunct video rental chains Xtra - Vision Avenue Video Blockbuster still exists as franchise Movie Gallery Hollywood Video Ritz Video Rogers Plus Video City Video Library West Coast Video Defunct DVD - by - mail LoveFilm Zip.ca Former video rental chains Playdium Movie Magic Videoflicks Companies formerly based in Oregon Moved out of state Georgia - Pacific Integra Telecom ( 2014 ) JELD - WEN ( 2015 ) Louisiana - Pacific Banfield Acquired by out - of - state entities Camera World ( 2002 ) Cascade Microtech ( 2016 ) Fred Meyer Freightliner Harry & David ( 2014 ) J.K. Gill LaCrosse Footwear ( 2012 ) MathStar ( 2010 ) McCormick & Schmick 's ( 2012 ) Meier & Frank Mentor Graphics Merix ( 2010 ) Oregon Steel Mills Planar Systems ( 2015 ) Sawyer 's ( 1966 ) Sequent Computer Systems StanCorp Financial ( 2016 ) Tektronix ( 2007 ) U.S. Bancorp West Coast Bank ( 2012 ) Willamette Industries ( 2002 ) Defunct or out of business Consolidated Freightways Emporium ( 2003 ) Evergreen International Aviation Floating Point Systems G.I. Joe 's ( 2009 ) Hollywood Video ( 2010 ) Sprouse - Reitz ( 1994 ) White Stag Manufacturing Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hollywood_Video&oldid=817559955 '' Categories : Home video companies of the United States Video rental services Defunct retail companies of the United States Defunct companies based in Oregon American companies established in 1988 Entertainment companies established in 1988 Companies disestablished in 2010 Companies that have filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy Companies based in Wilsonville , Oregon Companies based in Beaverton , Oregon 1988 establishments in Oregon 2010 disestablishments in Oregon Hidden categories : Articles needing additional references from July 2016 All articles needing additional references Pages using deprecated image syntax Articles to be expanded from April 2012 All articles to be expanded Articles using small message boxes All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Svenska Edit links This page was last edited on 29 December 2017 , at 04 : 44 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: when did hollywood video go out of business


Los Angeles stadium at Hollywood Park - Wikipedia Los Angeles stadium at Hollywood Park Jump to : navigation , search Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park Location Inglewood , California , U.S. Coordinates 33 ° 57 ′ 12 '' N 118 ° 20 ′ 21 '' W  /  33.95345 ° N 118.3392 ° W  / 33.95345 ; - 118.3392 Coordinates : 33 ° 57 ′ 12 '' N 118 ° 20 ′ 21 '' W  /  33.95345 ° N 118.3392 ° W  / 33.95345 ; - 118.3392 Owner Kroenke Sports & Entertainment Hollywood Park Land Company , LLC . ( A joint venture of The Flesher Group and Stockbridge Capital ) City of Inglewood Executive suites 69 Capacity 70,240 ( expandable to 100,240 ) for Super Bowls , Final Fours , FIFA World Cups , Summer Olympics and other major events . Acreage 298 acres ( 121 ha ) Surface Artificial turf Construction Broke ground November 17 , 2016 Construction cost $ 4.963 billion ( estimated ) Architect HKS , Inc . Project manager Legends Global Planning Structural engineer Walter P Moore Engineers and Consultants Services engineer Henderson Engineers , Inc . General contractor Turner / Hunt JV Tenants Los Angeles Rams ( NFL ) ( 2020 -- ) planned Los Angeles Chargers ( NFL ) ( 2020 -- ) planned Inglewood Location in the United States Inglewood Location in L.A. metro area The Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park , also referred to as City of Champions Stadium , is an open - air stadium and entertainment complex district under construction in Inglewood , California , United States . Formerly the site of Hollywood Park Racetrack , it is approximately three miles ( 5 km ) from Los Angeles International Airport , and is located immediately south of The Forum . Planned to open in 2020 , the stadium will serve as the home to the Los Angeles Rams and Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League ( NFL ) . It is also scheduled to host Super Bowl LVI in February 2022 and the College Football Playoff National Championship in January 2023 . During the 2028 Summer Olympics , the stadium is expected to host the opening ceremony and soccer . Archery will be held on the grounds outside the stadium . Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park will be the third stadium since the AFL -- NFL merger to be shared by two NFL teams . MetLife Stadium , in East Rutherford , New Jersey , is home to the New York Giants and New York Jets , as was its predecessor , Giants Stadium . It will be the third facility in the Los Angeles area to host multiple teams from the same league as Staples Center is home to both of the city 's National Basketball Association ( NBA ) teams , the Los Angeles Clippers and Los Angeles Lakers and Stubhub Center which for a time hosted both the Los Angeles Galaxy and Chivas USA of Major League Soccer . The stadium is a component of the City of Champions Revitalization Initiative , the working title of the development on the site of the former Hollywood Park Racetrack . Hollywood Park Casino opened on the lot in 2016 , becoming the first establishment to open on the property on October 21 . Contents ( hide ) 1 History 1.1 Hollywood Park Racetrack 1.2 2014 : Location discussions 1.3 2015 1.4 Construction and design 1.5 2016 1.6 2017 1.7 2018 2 Funding 3 Tenants and events 3.1 2028 Summer Olympics 3.2 Other events 4 Entertainment district 4.1 NFL Media Campus 5 Defeated rival proposals 6 See also 7 References 8 External links History ( edit ) Hollywood Park Racetrack ( edit ) Main article : Hollywood Park Racetrack The stadium site was previously home to Hollywood Park , later sold and referred to as Betfair Hollywood Park , which was a thoroughbred race course from 1938 until it was shut down for racing and training in December 2013 . The casino remained open , containing a poker card room . Most of the complex was demolished in 2014 to make way for new construction with the rest demolished in late 2016 after the new Hollywood Park Casino was opened . The current stadium project was not the first stadium proposed for the site . The site was almost home to a NFL stadium two decades earlier . In May 1995 after the departure of the Rams for St. Louis , the National Football League teams approved by a 27 - 1 vote with two abstentions , a resolution supporting a plan to build a $200 million , privately financed stadium on property owned by Hollywood Park for the Los Angeles Raiders . Al Davis , who was then the Raiders owner balked and refused the deal over a stipulation that he would have had to accept a second team at the stadium . 2014 : location discussions ( edit ) On January 31 , 2014 , the Los Angeles Times reported that Stan Kroenke , owner of the St. Louis Rams , purchased a 60 - acre parcel of land just north of the Hollywood Park site in an area that had been studied by the National Football League in the past and at one point attempted to purchase . This set off immediate speculation as to what Kroenke 's intentions were for the site : it was originally planned to be a Walmart Supercenter ; however , in 2014 , most of the speculation centered around the site as a possible stadium site or training facility for the Rams . NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell represented that Kroenke informed the league of the purchase . As an NFL owner , any purchase of land in which a potential stadium could be built must be disclosed to the league . Speculation about the Rams ' returning to their home of nearly fifty years had already been discussed when Kroenke was one of the finalists in bidding for ownership in the Los Angeles Dodgers , but speculation increased when the news broke that the Rams owner had a possible stadium site in hand . 2015 ( edit ) 2015 aerial view of former racetrack and complex site , with the Downtown Los Angeles skyline in background . Nearly a year went by without a word from Kroenke about his intentions for the land , as he failed to ever address the St. Louis media , or the Hollywood Land Company , about what the site may be used for . There was , however , speculation about the future of the Rams franchise until it was reported that the National Football League would not be allowing any franchise relocation for the 2015 season . Construction and design ( edit ) On January 5 , 2015 , Stokbridge Capital the owners of the Hollywood Park Land Company announced that it had partnered with Kroenke Sports & Entertainment to add the northern 60 - acre parcel to the rest of the development project and build a multi-purpose 70,240 - seat stadium designed for the NFL . The project will include the stadium of up to 100,240 seats ( including standing room - only seats ) and a performance entertainment venue of up to 6,000 seats while reconfiguring the previously approved Hollywood Park plan for up to 900,000 square feet of retail , 800,000 square feet of office space , 2,500 new residential and condo units , a luxury 300 - room hotel and 25 acres of public parks , playgrounds , open space , a lake and pedestrian , bicycle and mass - transit access . The stadium would be ready by 2019 . On February 24 , 2015 , the Inglewood City Council approved the stadium plan and the initiative with construction on the stadium planned to begin in December 2015 . On February 24 , 2015 , the Inglewood City Council approved plans with a 5 -- 0 unanimous vote to combine the 60 - acre plot of land with the larger Hollywood Park development and rezone the area to include sports and entertainment capabilities . This essentially cleared the way for developers to begin construction on the venue as planned in December 2015 . It was also reported , in early February 2015 , that `` earth was being moved '' and the site was being graded to be prepared for the construction that would begin later in the year . 2016 ( edit ) 2016 aerial view of the stadium construction site , adjacent to The Forum . The new Hollywood Park Casino is in the foreground . The NFL approved the Inglewood proposal and the Rams ' relocation back to Los Angeles , 30 -- 2 , on January 12 , 2016 . On July 14 , 2016 , it was announced that Turner Construction and AECOM would oversee construction of the stadium . On October 19 , 2016 , the Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA ) determined that a 110 - foot - tall LB 44 rotary drill rig would not pose a hazard to air navigation , so it approved the first of several pieces of heavy equipment to be used during construction . The stadium design had been under review by the FAA for more than a year because of concerns about how the structure would interact with radar at nearby Los Angeles International Airport . On December 16 , 2016 , it was reported in Sports Business Journal that the FAA had declined to issue permits for cranes needed to build the structure . `` We 're not going to evaluate any crane applications until our concerns with the overall project are resolved , '' said FAA spokesman Ian Gregor . The FAA had previously recommended building the stadium at another site due to the risks posed to LAX -- echoing concerns raised by former United States Secretary of Homeland Security Tom Ridge . The Rams held the groundbreaking construction ceremony at the future Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park site on November 17 , 2016 . The ceremony featured NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell and Rams ' owner Stan Kroenke . On December 23 , 2016 , the FAA approved the large cranes to build the stadium . 2017 ( edit ) It was announced on May 18 , 2017 , that due to record rainfall in the area leading to construction holdups , the stadium completion and opening will be delayed until the 2020 NFL season . On August 8 , 2017 , the LA Stadium Premiere Center in Playa Vista , California opened as a place for suite buyers and season ticket holders to be able to preview the stadium . The center contains a massive replica model of the stadium which will include : ribbon - like LED high definition jumbotron and LED ribbon boards that go from the field to the ceiling , giving potential buyers a preview of what they can expect when the stadium opens . 2018 ( edit ) The NFL announced that NFL Media will add 200,000 square feet of space to the LA Stadium campus and move in around 2021 from Culver City . In addition to office and studio space , the new facility also will feature NFL Media 's first outdoor studio and studio space to host live audiences . Funding ( edit ) The stadium is being built privately , but the developer is seeking significant tax breaks from Inglewood . The cost of the stadium project was orginally estimated to be approximately $2.66 billion upon the commencement of construction . However , internal league documents produced by the NFL in March 2018 indicated a need to raise the debt ceiling for the stadium and facility to a total of $4.963 billion . Team owners were expected to vote and approve this new debt ceiling at a meeting that same month . Tenants and events ( edit ) The Los Angeles Rams have committed to moving to the stadium , as NFL approval for their relocation was obtained on January 12 , 2016 . The approval also gave the San Diego Chargers the first option to relocate to Los Angeles and share the stadium with the Rams , conditioned on a negotiated lease agreement between the two teams . The option would have expired on January 15 , 2017 , at which time the Oakland Raiders would have acquired the same option . On January 29 , 2016 , the Rams and Chargers came to an agreement in principle to share the stadium . The Chargers would contribute a $200 million stadium loan from the NFL and personal seat license fees to the construction costs and would pay $1 per year in rent to the Rams . The same day , Chargers chairman - CEO Dean Spanos announced the team would remain in San Diego for the 2016 NFL season , while continuing to work with local government on a new stadium . Measure C ( the Chargers stadium proposal ) did not receive the requisite number of votes required for passage . On January 12 , 2017 , the Chargers exercised their option and announced plans to relocate to Los Angeles for the 2017 season , making the Chargers the second tenant at the stadium and returning them to the market where they played their inaugural season in 1960 . When the Rams and Chargers move into the stadium , projected for August 2020 , it will mark the return of major professional sports to Inglewood for the first time since the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Kings left The Forum for Staples Center in May 1999 . 2028 Summer Olympics ( edit ) The Hollywood Park stadium is expected to host soccer matches during the 2028 Summer Olympics . Los Angeles organizers had also proposed that the stadium co-host the Games ' ceremonies with Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum with a dual - venue format . Other events ( edit ) In addition to Rams and Chargers games , the stadium will host Super Bowl LVI in 2022 . It was initially to host Super Bowl LV in 2021 , but construction delays mentioned above have pushed back the Super Bowl hosting duties by one year ( NFL owners voted to move Super Bowl LV to Raymond James Stadium in Tampa , Florida ) . The stadium also allows other potential NFL opportunities on the complex such as an NFL retail store , an NFL Network studio , the NFL Honors ceremony , NFL Films premieres , other NFL - themed events , a West Coast wing of the Pro Football Hall of Fame , and NFL - themed hotels . On November 1 , 2017 , it was announced that the stadium will host the 2023 College Football Playoff National Championship . The stadium could serve as a FIFA World Cup venue if the North America 2026 FIFA World Cup bid is successful . Entertainment district ( edit ) The surrounding development around the stadium will include a new entertainment center with 8.5 million square feet ( 790,000 m ) for business parks and condominiums , it will also include a 6,000 - seat music and theatre venue , ballrooms , indoor and outdoor room , a multiplex movie theater , a lake with a waterfall fountain , luxury hotels , high - scale dining and an open - air shopping center . There will also be team stores for the Chargers and Rams . The first new establishment to open service on the site was the new and modern Hollywood Park Casino , which opened on October 21 , 2016 . NFL Media campus ( edit ) The campus will become the new home of NFL Media which is currently based in Culver City , CA . The NFL will develop a 200,000 square foot space to headquarter operations for hundreds of employees at NFL Network , NFL.com , the NFL app and NFL RedZone . In addition to office and studio space , the facility also will feature NFL Media 's first outdoor studio and space to host studio audiences . The new NFL Media campus is expected to open by the summer of 2021 . Defeated rival proposals ( edit ) Main article : Proposed Los Angeles NFL stadiums The Hollywood Park stadium project plan competed directly with a rival proposal . On February 19 , 2015 , the Oakland Raiders , and the San Diego Chargers announced plans for a privately financed $1.85 billion stadium that the two teams would build in Carson , California if they were to move to the Los Angeles market . Both teams stated that they would continue to attempt to get stadiums built in their respective cities . On April 21 , 2015 , Carson City Council bypassed the option to put the stadium to a public vote and approved the plan 3 -- 0 . The NFL approved the Rams ' relocation on January 12 , 2016 , with 30 of the 32 owners voting their approval to relocate , effectively ending the Carson proposal . See also ( edit ) National Football League portal Los Angeles portal History of the Los Angeles Rams History of the Los Angeles Chargers History of the National Football League in Los Angeles References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Fenno , Nathan ; Farmer , Sam ( November 17 , 2016 ) . `` Los Angeles Rams break ground on $2.6 - billion Inglewood stadium , ' new era ' of NFL '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved May 19 , 2017 . Jump up ^ http://edition.cnn.com/style/article/new-nfl-stadium-los-angeles/index.html Jump up ^ https://archpaper.com/2016/11/los-angeles-rams-stadium-breaks-ground/#gallery-0-slide-0 Jump up ^ `` Kroenke Sports & Entertainment Breaks Ground on HKS - Designed L.A. Stadium '' . November 17 , 2016 . Retrieved January 13 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Muret , Don ( April 13 , 2016 ) . `` Rams Tab Legends Global Planning As Owner 's Rep For Stadium '' . SportsBusiness Daily . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ `` Lee Slade '' . SportsBusiness Journal . April 18 , 2016 . p. 22 . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Busta , Hallie ( August 8 , 2016 ) . `` LEDs Shed New Light on Sports '' . Architectural Lighting Reports . Retrieved September 8 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Muret , Don ( July 14 , 2016 ) . `` Turner , Hunt Construction Win Bid To Build Rams ' $2.5 B L.A. Stadium '' . SportsBusiness Daily . Retrieved September 14 , 2016 . Jump up ^ http://theramswire.usatoday.com/2017/06/01/los-angeles-rams-renderings-city-of-champions-stadium-that-will-host-super-bowl-lvi/ Jump up ^ https://www.stadiaworld.com/index.php?head=City-of-Champions-Stadium&folder=sites&site=renderings-view&gal_id=146 ^ Jump up to : `` Hollywood Park Casino 's Grand Opening Oct. 21 - Poker News '' . CardPlayer.com . Retrieved January 12 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Springer , Steve ( September 23 , 2011 ) . `` The day Al Davis walked away '' . ESPN . Retrieved May 19 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Wagoner , Nick ( February 1 , 2014 ) . `` St. Louis Rams owner Stan Kroenke buys 60 acres of land in Los Angeles '' . ESPN . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Reed , Scott M. ( November 9 , 2014 ) . `` Will Stan Kroenke bring the Rams west ? '' . Orange County Register . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Ozanian , Mike ( January 26 , 2012 ) . `` Kroenke 's Bid For Dodgers Implies Rams Are Headed To L.A. '' Forbes . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Farmer , Sam ( January 30 , 2014 ) . `` A return of L.A. Rams ? Owner is said to buy possible stadium site '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Schwab , Frank ( December 20 , 2014 ) . `` No NFL team moving to Los Angeles for 2015 , report says '' . Yahoo ! Sports . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Campbell , Robert ( 2015 ) . `` Text of the Measure - City of Champions Revitalization Project '' . Champions Initiative . Archived from the original on April 2 , 2015 . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Piper , Brandie ( January 31 , 2014 ) . `` Report : Rams owner bought 60 acres of land in Calif '' . KSDK . St. Louis . Archived from the original on February 21 , 2014 . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Larkin , Michael ; Schwartz , Gadi ( February 25 , 2015 ) . `` Inglewood Council Rams Through NFL Stadium Proposal '' . KNBC . Los Angeles . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Crabtree , Curtis ( February 25 , 2015 ) . `` Inglewood unanimously approves stadium plan at Hollywood Park '' . NBC Sports . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Logan , Tim ; Jennings , Angel ; Fenno , Nathan ( February 24 , 2015 ) . `` Inglewood council approves NFL stadium plan amid big community support '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved October 5 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Florio , Mike ( February 8 , 2015 ) . `` Inglewood stadium construction begins , sort of '' . NBC Sports . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Michaud , Stephanie ( July 14 , 2016 ) . `` Stadium Contractors '' . MyNewsLA . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Fenno , Nathan ( October 19 , 2016 ) . `` Excavation for the Rams ' stadium could begin in just weeks '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ `` FAA declines to allow cranes at Inglewood construction site '' . NBCSports.com . December 12 , 2016 . Retrieved January 12 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Bott , Michael ( August 26 , 2016 ) . `` LAX INGL UPDATE ( F ) 26AUG2016 '' . DocumentCloud.org . NBC Bay Area . Retrieved January 12 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Fenno , Nathan ; Farmer , Sam ( November 10 , 2016 ) . `` Rams to break ground on Inglewood stadium next week , source says '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved May 19 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Gonzalez , Alden ( November 11 , 2016 ) . `` Rams to break ground on $2.6 billion Inglewood stadium Thursday '' . ESPN . Retrieved May 19 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Fenno , Nathan ( December 23 , 2016 ) . `` FAA approves first cranes for new Rams stadium '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January 12 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Fenno , Nathan ; Farmer , Sam ( May 18 , 2017 ) . `` Inglewood football stadium 's opening will be delayed a year because of record rainfall '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved May 19 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Orr , Conor ( May 18 , 2017 ) . `` Opening of Inglewood stadium delayed until 2020 '' . National Football League . Retrieved May 19 , 2017 . Jump up ^ DaSilva , Cameron . `` Take a virtual tour of the Rams ' $2.6 billion stadium '' . MSN . Retrieved August 14 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Lago , Kristen ( August 9 , 2017 ) . `` L.A. Stadium Premiere Center Opens in Playa Vista '' . Los Angeles Rams . Retrieved August 14 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Elwood , Hayley ( August 8 , 2017 ) . `` Bolts Buzz : First Look Inside L.A. Stadium '' . Los Angeles Chargers . Retrieved August 14 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` NFL Media Set to Move to New LA Rams , Chargers Stadium in 2021 '' . TheWrap. 2018 - 03 - 26 . Retrieved 2018 - 03 - 27 . Jump up ^ Gross , Benjamin ( January 12 , 2015 ) . `` High Public Cost of the Proposed Inglewood NFL Stadium '' . Curbed . Retrieved June 10 , 2015 . Jump up ^ Brinson , Will ( March 27 , 2018 ) . `` NFL Reportedly Raising Debt Limit on Rams Stadium after L.A. Project nears $5 B Price Tag '' . Retrieved March 27 , 2018 . Jump up ^ Hanzus , Dan ( January 12 , 2016 ) . `` Rams to relocate to L.A. ; Chargers first option to join '' . NFL.com . National Football League . Retrieved January 18 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Acee , Kevin ; Garrick , David ; Wilkens , John ( January 29 , 2016 ) . `` Chargers here for a year -- then what ? '' . The San Diego Union - Tribune . Retrieved January 30 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Wesseling , Chris ( January 29 , 2016 ) . `` Chargers announce they will stay in San Diego for 2016 '' . National Football League . Retrieved January 30 , 2016 . Jump up ^ `` Chargers announce decision to relocate to Los Angeles '' . National Football League . January 12 , 2017 . Retrieved January 15 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Farmer , Sam ; Fenno , Nathan ( January 12 , 2016 ) . `` NFL will return to Los Angeles for 2016 season '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved January 12 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Wharton , David . `` L.A. organizers propose linked , simultaneous Olympic ceremonies for Coliseum , Inglewood stadium '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2018 - 04 - 03 . Jump up ^ Wharton , David ( 16 January 2017 ) . `` L.A. organizers propose linked , simultaneous Olympic ceremonies for Coliseum , Inglewood stadium '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 25 August 2017 . Jump up ^ Schrotenboer , Brent ( January 14 , 2016 ) . `` With NFL back in Los Angeles , Super Bowl becomes a hot topic '' . USA Today . Retrieved February 1 , 2016 . ^ Jump up to : Gantt , Darin ( January 6 , 2016 ) . `` Rams ' L.A. proposal includes offer to host Pro Bowl , Combine '' . NBC Sports . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ `` College Football Playoff annouces sites for 2021 - 2024 '' . SI.com . Retrieved 2017 - 12 - 02 . Jump up ^ `` United Bid Committee Moves to Next Stage of Bid Process for 2026 FIFA World Cup '' . www.ussoccer.com . Retrieved November 9 , 2017 . Jump up ^ Green , Nick ( January 27 , 2016 ) . `` Could a new light rail line connect Torrance with the NFL stadium in Inglewood ? '' . Daily Breeze . Los Angeles . Retrieved February 1 , 2016 . Jump up ^ `` NFL Media Set to Move to New LA Rams , Chargers Stadium in 2021 '' . TheWrap. 2018 - 03 - 26 . Retrieved 2018 - 03 - 27 . Jump up ^ Farmer , Sam ( February 20 , 2015 ) . `` Chargers , Raiders will jointly pursue an NFL stadium in Carson '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Logan , Tim ; Fenno , Nathan ( April 21 , 2016 ) . `` Carson City Council gives unanimous approval to NFL stadium '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Logan , Tim ; Fenno , Nathan ( January 13 , 2016 ) . `` NFL will return to Los Angeles for 2016 season '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved November 10 , 2016 . External links ( edit ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park . Official website Hollywood Park Land Company stadium website Webcam of LA Stadium Construction page for stadium from Turner / Hunt Stadium presentation from HKS Preceded by Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Home of the Los Angeles Rams 2020 -- beyond Succeeded by none Preceded by StubHub Center Home of the Los Angeles Chargers 2020 -- beyond Succeeded by none Preceded by Raymond James Stadium Host of the Super Bowl LVI 2022 Succeeded by TBD Preceded by Stade de France Paris Summer Olympics Opening Ceremony ( Olympic Stadium ) 2028 Succeeded by TBD Links to related articles Los Angeles Rams Founded in 1936 Played in Cleveland ( 1936 -- 45 ) and St. Louis ( 1995 -- 2015 ) Based in Los Angeles , California Headquartered in Thousand Oaks , California Franchise Franchise History in Cleveland in St. Louis Seasons Players Coaches First - round draft picks Starting quarterbacks Statistics Broadcasters Awards Stadiums Cleveland Stadium League Park Shaw Stadium Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Anaheim Stadium Busch Stadium Edward Jones Dome Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park ( under construction ) Culture Rampage Cheerleaders Heaven Can Wait ( film ) Melonheads Carroll Rosenbloom John Ramsey Lore The Greatest Show on Turf Bull Elephant backfield Fearsome Foursome `` The Tackle '' Rivalries San Francisco 49ers Kansas City Chiefs Retired numbers 7 28 29 74 75 78 80 85 Media Broadcasters Radio network KCBS - FM J.B. Long D'Marco Farr Dick Enberg Wild card berths ( 8 ) 1980 1984 1986 1988 1989 2000 Division championships ( 16 ) 1945 1949 1967 1969 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1985 1999 2001 2003 2017 Conference championships ( 6 ) 1950 1951 1955 1979 1999 2001 League championships ( 3 ) 1945 1951 1999 ( XXXIV ) Current league affiliations League : National Football League ( 1937 -- present ) Conference : National Football Conference Division : West Division Former league affiliation League : American Football League ( 1936 ) Seasons ( 82 ) 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Championship seasons in bold Los Angeles Chargers Founded in 1960 Played in San Diego ( 1961 -- 2016 ) Based in Carson , California Headquartered in Costa Mesa , California Franchise Franchise History in San Diego Seasons Retired numbers 14 19 21 55 Hall of Fame Anniversary teams 40th 50th First - round draft picks Starting quarterbacks Coaches History Broadcasters Stadiums Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Balboa Stadium Qualcomm Stadium San Diego stadium proposals StubHub Center Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park ( under construction ) Culture Fearsome Foursome Air Coryell `` San Diego Super Chargers '' Bruise Brothers Marty Ball San Diego sports curse Los Angeles Charger Girls Rivalries Denver Broncos Kansas City Chiefs Oakland Raiders Lore Holy Roller Epic in Miami Freezer Bowl Wild card berths ( 2 ) 1995 2013 Division championships ( 15 ) 1960 1961 1963 1964 1965 1979 1980 1981 1992 1994 2006 2007 2008 2009 Conference championships ( 1 ) 1994 League championships ( 1 ) 1963 Current league affiliations League : National Football League ( 1970 -- present ) Conference : American Football Conference Division : West Division Former league affiliation League : American Football League ( 1960 -- 1969 ) Seasons ( 59 ) 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1984 1985 1986 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Championship seasons in bold Summer Olympic stadiums Panathenaic Stadium ( Athens 1896 ) Vélodrome de Vincennes ( Paris 1900 ) Francis Field ( St Louis 1904 ) White City Stadium ( London 1908 ) Stockholm Olympic Stadium ( Stockholm 1912 ) Olympisch Stadion ( Antwerp 1920 ) Stade Olympique Yves - du - Manoir ( Paris 1924 ) Olympic Stadium ( Amsterdam 1928 ) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum ( Los Angeles 1932 ) Olympiastadion ( Berlin 1936 ) Wembley Stadium ( London 1948 ) Helsinki Olympic Stadium ( Helsinki 1952 ) Melbourne Cricket Ground ( Melbourne 1956 ) Stadio Olimpico ( Rome 1960 ) National Stadium ( Tokyo 1964 ) Estadio Olímpico Universitario ( Mexico City 1968 ) Olympiastadion ( Munich 1972 ) Olympic Stadium ( Montreal 1976 ) Grand Arena , Lenin Stadium ( Moscow 1980 ) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum ( Los Angeles 1984 ) Seoul Olympic Stadium ( Seoul 1988 ) Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys ( Barcelona 1992 ) Centennial Olympic Stadium ( Atlanta 1996 ) Sydney Olympic Stadium ( Sydney 2000 ) Olympic Stadium ( Athens 2004 ) Beijing National Stadium ( Beijing 2008 ) Olympic Stadium ( London 2012 ) Maracanã Stadium ( Rio de Janeiro 2016 ) New National Olympic Stadium ( Tokyo 2020 ) Stade de France ( Paris 2024 ) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum / Los Angeles Stadium ( Los Angeles 2028 ) Super Bowl stadiums Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum ( I ) Miami Orange Bowl ( II ) Miami Orange Bowl ( III ) Tulane Stadium ( IV ) Miami Orange Bowl ( V ) Tulane Stadium ( VI ) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum ( VII ) Rice Stadium ( VIII ) Tulane Stadium ( IX ) Miami Orange Bowl ( X ) Rose Bowl ( XI ) Louisiana Superdome ( XII ) Miami Orange Bowl ( XIII ) Rose Bowl ( XIV ) Louisiana Superdome ( XV ) Pontiac Silverdome ( XVI ) Rose Bowl ( XVII ) Tampa Stadium ( XVIII ) Stanford Stadium ( XIX ) Louisiana Superdome ( XX ) Rose Bowl ( XXI ) San Diego -- Jack Murphy Stadium ( XXII ) Joe Robbie Stadium ( XXIII ) Louisiana Superdome ( XXIV ) Tampa Stadium ( XXV ) Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome ( XXVI ) Rose Bowl ( XXVII ) Georgia Dome ( XXVIII ) Joe Robbie Stadium ( XXIX ) Sun Devil Stadium ( XXX ) Louisiana Superdome ( XXXI ) Qualcomm Stadium ( XXXII ) Pro Player Stadium ( XXXIII ) Georgia Dome ( XXXIV ) Raymond James Stadium ( XXXV ) Louisiana Superdome ( XXXVI ) Qualcomm Stadium ( XXXVII ) Reliant Stadium ( XXXVIII ) Alltel Stadium ( XXXIX ) Ford Field ( XL ) Dolphin Stadium ( XLI ) University of Phoenix Stadium ( XLII ) Raymond James Stadium ( XLIII ) Sun Life Stadium ( XLIV ) Cowboys Stadium ( XLV ) Lucas Oil Stadium ( XLVI ) Mercedes - Benz Superdome ( XLVII ) MetLife Stadium ( XLVIII ) University of Phoenix Stadium ( XLIX ) Levi 's Stadium ( 50 ) NRG Stadium ( LI ) U.S. Bank Stadium ( LII ) Mercedes - Benz Stadium ( LIII ) Hard Rock Stadium ( LIV ) Raymond James Stadium ( LV ) Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park ( LVI ) Olympic venues in association football 1900 Vélodrome de Vincennes 1904 Francis Field 1908 White City Stadium 1912 Råsunda IP , Stockholm Olympic Stadium ( final ) , Tranebergs Idrottsplats 1920 Jules Ottenstadion , Olympisch Stadion ( final ) , Stade Joseph Marien , Stadion Broodstraat 1924 Stade Bergeyre , Stade de Colombes ( final ) , Stade de Paris , Stade Pershing 1928 Monnikenhuize , Olympic Stadium ( final ) , Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel 1936 Hertha - BSC Field , Mommsenstadion , Olympiastadion ( final ) , Poststadion 1948 Arsenal Stadium , Champion Hill , Craven Cottage , Empire Stadium ( medal matches ) , Fratton Park , Goldstone Ground , Green Pond Road , Griffin Park , Lynn Road , Selhurst Park , White Hart Lane 1952 Helsinki Football Grounds , Kotka , Lahti , Olympic Stadium ( final ) , Tampere , Turku 1956 Melbourne Cricket Ground ( final ) , Olympic Park Stadium 1960 Florence Communal Stadium , Grosseto Communal Stadium , L'Aquila Communal Stadium , Livorno Ardenza Stadium , Naples Saint Paul 's Stadium , Pescara Adriatic Stadium , Stadio Flaminio ( final ) 1964 Komazawa Olympic Park Stadium , Mitsuzawa Football Field , Nagai Stadium , Tokyo National Stadium ( final ) , Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium , Ōmiya Football Field , Prince Chichibu Memorial Football Field 1968 Estadio Azteca ( final ) , Estadio Cuauhtémoc , Estadio Nou Camp , Jalisco Stadium 1972 Dreiflüssestadion , ESV - Stadion , Jahnstadion , Olympiastadion ( final ) , Rosenaustadion , Urban Stadium 1976 Lansdowne Park , Olympic Stadium ( final ) , Sherbrooke Stadium , Varsity Stadium 1980 Dinamo Stadium , Dynamo Central Stadium , Grand Arena , Grand Arena ( final ) , Kirov Stadium , Republican Stadium 1984 Harvard Stadium , Navy -- Marine Corps Memorial Stadium , Rose Bowl ( final ) , Stanford Stadium 1988 Busan Stadium , Daegu Stadium , Daejeon Stadium , Dongdaemun Stadium , Olympic Stadium ( final ) 1992 Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta , Camp Nou ( final ) , Estadio Luís Casanova , La Romareda , Sarrià Stadium Florida Citrus Bowl , Legion Field , Orange Bowl , RFK Memorial Stadium , Sanford Stadium ( both finals ) 2000 Stadium Australia , Brisbane Cricket Ground , Bruce Stadium , Hindmarsh Stadium , Melbourne Cricket Ground , Olympic Stadium ( men 's final ) , Sydney Football Stadium ( women 's final ) Kaftanzoglio Stadium , Karaiskakis Stadium ( women 's final ) , Olympic Stadium ( men 's final ) , Pampeloponnisiako Stadium , Pankritio Stadium , Panthessaliko Stadium 2008 Beijing National Stadium ( men 's final ) , Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium , Shanghai Stadium , Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium , Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium , Workers ' Stadium ( women 's final ) 2012 City of Coventry Stadium , Hampden Park , Millennium Stadium , St James ' Park , Old Trafford , Wembley Stadium ( both finals ) 2016 Estádio Nacional de Brasília , Arena Fonte Nova , Mineirão , Arena Corinthians , Arena da Amazônia , Estádio Olímpico João Havelange , Maracanã ( both finals ) 2020 International Stadium Yokohama , Kashima Soccer Stadium , Miyagi Stadium , National Stadium , Saitama Stadium , Sapporo Dome , Tokyo Stadium 2024 Parc des Princes ( both finals ) , Parc Olympique Lyonnais , Stade de la Beaujoire , Stade de Nice , Stade Geoffroy - Guichard , Stade Matmut Atlantique , Stadium Municipal , Stade Pierre - Mauroy , Stade Vélodrome 2028 Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park , Banc of California Stadium , Rose Bowl , Levi 's Stadium , Avaya Stadium , Stanford Stadium , California Memorial Stadium Olympic venues in archery 1900 : Bois de Vincennes 1904 : Francis Field 1908 : White City Stadium 1920 : Nachtegalen Park 1972 : Bogenschießlage 1976 : Olympic Archery Field , Joliette 1980 : Krylatskoye Sports Complex Archery Field 1984 : El Dorado Park 1988 : Hwarang Archery Field 1992 : Olympic Archery Field 1996 : Stone Mountain Park Archery Center and Velodrome 2000 : Sydney International Archery Park 2004 : Panathenaic Stadium 2008 : Olympic Green Archery Field 2012 : Lord 's 2016 : Sambódromo 2020 : Dream Island Archery Field 2024 : Les Invalides 2028 : Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park Inglewood , California Government Agencies Inglewood Police Department Geography Neighborhoods Morningside Park Downtown Inglewood Century Heights La Tijera Village Education Primary and secondary schools Inglewood Unified School District Inglewood High School Morningside High School City Honors High School Los Angeles Unified School District Ánimo Inglewood Charter High School Ánimo Leadership Charter High School St. Mary 's Academy Good Shepherd Lutheran School ( closed ) Other Landmarks The Forum Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park ( under construction ) Inglewood City Hall Inglewood Park Cemetery Edward Vincent Jr . Park Veterans Memorial Building Randy 's Donuts Hollywood Park Casino Centinela Hospital Medical Center Centinela Adobe ( physically in Westchester , Los Angeles ) ) Centinela Freeman Regional Medical Center , Centinela Campus ( demolished ) Centinela Freeman Regional Medical Center , Memorial Campus ( demolished ) Hollywood Park Racetrack ( demolished ) Transportation Inglewood Transit Center Fairview Heights Metro station ( under construction ) Downtown Inglewood Metro station ( under construction ) Westchester / Veterans station ( under construction ) Kroenke Sports & Entertainment Founded in 1999 Teams Los Angeles Rams ( NFL ) ( 1999 -- present ) Denver Nuggets ( NBA ) ( 2000 -- present ) Colorado Avalanche ( NHL ) ( 2000 -- present ) Colorado Mammoth ( NLL ) ( 2004 -- present ) Colorado Rapids ( MLS ) ( 2004 -- present ) Arsenal F.C. ( Premier League ) ( 2011 -- present ) Los Angeles Gladiators ( Overwatch League ) ( 2017 - present ) Venues Los Angeles Stadium at Hollywood Park Pepsi Center Dick 's Sporting Goods Park Paramount Theatre 1stBank Center ( operator ) People Stan Kroenke Ann Walton Kroenke Josh Kroenke Media Television Altitude Sports and Entertainment Outdoor Sportsman Group Sportsman Channel Outdoor Channel MyOutdoorTV.com World Fishing Network US Canada ( JV ) Radio KSE Radio Ventures , LLC KKSE KXKL - FM KIMN KWOF Magazines Outdoor Sportsman Group Bowhunter Bass Fan Firearms News Florida Sportsman Fly Fisherman Game & Fish Guns & Ammo Gun Dog Guns & Ammo : Handguns In - Fisherman North American Whitetail Petersen 's Bowhunting Petersen 's Hunting Rifle Shooter Shallow Water Angler Shooting Times Shotgun News Walleye In - Sider Wildfowl Miscellaneous Skycam Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Los_Angeles_Stadium_at_Hollywood_Park&oldid=838306529 '' Categories : Kroenke Sports & Entertainment American football venues in California Sports venues in the Greater Los Angeles Area Sports in Inglewood , California Hollywood Park Los Angeles Rams stadiums Los Angeles Chargers stadiums National Football League venues in Los Angeles Stadiums under construction in the United States Indoor arenas in California 2028 Summer Olympic venues Olympic stadiums Olympic football venues Olympic archery venues Hidden categories : Use American English from January 2017 All Wikipedia articles written in American English Use mdy dates from January 2017 Pages using deprecated image syntax Coordinates on Wikidata All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from March 2018 Pages using infobox venue with unknown parameters Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu Deutsch Español Français 한국어 Italiano 日本 語 ไทย Edit links This page was last edited on 26 April 2018 , at 05 : 29 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: los angeles stadium at hollywood park opening date


Hairpin turn - wikipedia Hairpin turn Jump to : navigation , search This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources . Unsourced material may be challenged and removed . ( July 2014 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Hairpin turn in Oregon , US , and its namesake . 21 turns in Guizhou , China Road D2204 ascends to the Col de Braus using hairpin bends in the Alpes Maritimes in the French Alps ( 43 ° 51 ′ 58.0 '' N 7 ° 22 ′ 50 '' E  /  43.866111 ° N 7.38056 ° E  / 43.866111 ; 7.38056 ) Some of the 48 hairpin turns near the top of the northern ramp of the Stelvio Pass in Italy Hairpin turn on Mont Ventoux in France Hairpins on a track to the south of Mont Valier , Pyrenees A hairpin turn ( also hairpin bend , hairpin corner , etc . ) , named for its resemblance to a hairpin / bobby pin , is a bend in a road with a very acute inner angle , making it necessary for an oncoming vehicle to turn about 180 ° to continue on the road . Such turns in ramps and trails may be called switchbacks in American English , by analogy with switchback railways . In British English `` switchback '' is more likely to refer to a heavily undulating road -- a use extended from the rollercoaster and the other type of switchback railway . Contents ( hide ) 1 Description 2 Roads with hairpin turns 2.1 Europe 2.2 United States 2.3 Mexico 2.4 Canada 2.5 Chile 2.6 Asia 2.7 Australia 3 Motorsports 4 Railways 5 Skiing 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Description ( edit ) Hairpin turns are often built when a route climbs up or down a steep slope , so that it can travel mostly across the slope with only moderate steepness , and are often arrayed in a zigzag pattern . Highways with repeating hairpin turns allow easier , safer ascents and descents of mountainous terrain than a direct , steep climb and descent , at the price of greater distances of travel and usually lower speed limits , due to the sharpness of the turn . Highways of this style are also generally less costly to build and maintain than highways with tunnels . On occasion , the road may loop completely , using a tunnel or bridge to cross itself at a different elevation ( example on Reunion Island : 21 ° 10 ′ 52 '' S 55 ° 27 ′ 17 '' E  /  21.18111 ° S 55.45472 ° E  / - 21.18111 ; 55.45472 ) . When this routing geometry is used for a rail line , it is called a spiral , or spiral loop . In trail building , an alternative to switchbacks is the stairway . Roads with hairpin turns ( edit ) Some roads with switchbacks ( hairpin turns ) include : Europe ( edit ) Alpe d'Huez in the French Alps , famous for its 21 hairpin bends Stelvio Pass ( German : Stilfserjoch ) with its 48 hairpin bends ( Italian : tornanti ; German Spitzkehren ) on the northern ramp is one of the most famous Alpine Mountain passes Transfăgărăşan in the Romanian Carpathians ( Fagaras Mountains ) , famous for its hairpin bends In rallying , the cars slide sideways around hairpins in spectacular style , such as at the Col de Turini of the Monte Carlo Rally Hillclimbing is a special kind of automobile racing mainly held of mountain roads with hairpins , which keeps average speeds lower than on tracks In bicycle racing , climbs up mountains roads with many U-turns are considered the most difficult , and often feature in Tour de France , Giro d'Italia , Tour de Suisse and also Vuelta a España The roads above Monaco , on the foothills of the Alps ; also seen in Hitchcock 's To Catch a Thief and the Loews Hairpin at the Circuit de Monaco The road between Lysefjord and the mountain plateau has 27 hairpin bends The Trollstigen road in Rauma , Norway , from Åndalsnes to Valldal has 11 characteristic bends . The Geiranger road from Geirangerfjord to the mountain pass ( now road 63 ) won the gold medal on the world exhibition , Paris 1900 , the original design included a 270 ° spiral . Norwegian National Road 7 through Måbødalen has a spiral partly within tunnels . The road from Frangokastello to Kallikratis in Crete has 27 tight bends . Due to mountainous profile of the country are many public streets in Greece having tight bends , and the asphalt is little slippery , making the traction ( and the control ) easily loosen . The situation worsens with the first rains after the long dry summer , then asphalt slips more than usual The Veleta access road in Granada , Spain is the highest paved road in Europe United states ( edit ) One of the most famous NASCAR tracks with hairpin turns was the old Riverside International Raceway in Riverside , California WA 129 in Joseph Canyon Shafer Trail Road in Canyonlands National Park See also : Dead Man 's Curve City streets : Winters Street ( Sacramento , California ) Vermont Street ( San Francisco , California ) Lombard Street ( San Francisco , California ) Snake Alley ( Burlington , Iowa ) Mountain Road ( Jersey City , New Jersey ) Shippen Street ( Weehawken , New Jersey ) US Highways : US 6 through Loveland Pass over the Continental Divide in Colorado ( N39. 65726 , W105. 87456 ) US 44 / NY 55 on the east face of the Shawangunk Ridge in Gardiner ( N41. 73803 , W74. 18433 ) . US 93 used to be on both the Nevada and Arizona sides of Hoover Dam , though these sections were bypassed by a new highway alignment and bridge south of the dam that opened in 2010 ( N36. 01612 , W114. 73716 ) US 250 between the West Virginia border and West Augusta , Virginia ( N38. 44073 , W79. 63908 ) US 129 around the Tennessee / North Carolina border , 318 curves in 11 miles ( 18 km ) ( N35. 47612 , W83. 91830 ) US 191 ( Coronado Trail Scenic Byway ) in Arizona between Morenci and Alpine ) , has a few switchbacks and about 460 curves. ( N33. 16616 , W109. 36697 ) US 441 through Great Smoky Mountains National Park on the Tennessee / North Carolina border . ( N35. 60273 , W83. 41527 ) US 40 over Berthoud Pass in Colorado . ( N39. 84474 , W105. 7578 ) US 550 in Colorado between Silverton and Ouray , nicknamed the `` Million Dollar Highway '' ( N37. 87297 , W107. 73610 ) US 34 in Colorado in Rocky Mountain National Park has 10 switchbacks on Trail Ridge Road State Highways : AZ 89A as it enters Oak Creek Canyon in Arizona . AR 7 in various places in Arkansas CA 1 south of Bodega Bay , California ; it is shown in Alfred Hitchcock 's film The Birds , is still in use , and looks much as it did during the filming in the early 1960s CA 74 / Seven - Level Hill south of Palm Desert , California , featured in the film It 's a Mad , Mad , Mad , Mad World CA 92 southwest of the San Andreas Fault CA 120 west of Groveland , California is known as Priest Grade , a dangerous road on the way to Yosemite National Park . CA 130 Originally built as a wagon trail to aid in the construction of Lick Observatory , `` Mt. Hamilton Road '' travels east out of San Jose , CA and rises over the foothills , only to ascend again up the summit of Mt. Hamilton . It has a total of 365 curves and switchbacks : `` ... one for every day of the year '' CA 152 east of Watsonville , California is known as Hwy 152 or Hecker Pass ; from Casserly Rd to Whitehurst Rd it curves and makes a hairpin turn just past the `` Mt . Madona Inn '' Restaurant CA 198 on the ascent from the Kaweah River canyon to the Giant Forest area of Sequoia National Park ; this portion of CA 198 is known as Generals Highway CO 5 , the highest paved road in North America , has three switchbacks as it ascends from Echo Lake Park in Clear Creek County , Colorado , and an additional 12 switchbacks on its final approach to the summit of Mount Evans . It forms half of the Mount Evans Scenic Byway . CO 82 has one switchback on the western approach , and three on the east , at Independence Pass on the Lake -- Pitkin county line , the highest paved crossing of the Continental Divide in the US MA 2 , the Mohawk Trail in the Berkshire Mountains UT 261 includes steep switchbacks as it traverses the Moki Dugway in San Juan County WA 20 just east of Washington Pass in Okanogan County WA 410 between Cayuse Pass and Chinook Pass in Mount Rainier National Park , eastern Pierce County NJ 495 just after leaving the Lincoln Tunnel toll plaza Other roads : Panoramic Highway in Marin County , California , includes dozens of hairpin turns as it traverses Mount Tamalpais , connecting the inland town of Mill Valley with the coastal community of Stinson Beach . Pikes Peak Highway in Colorado Springs includes numerous hairpins and switchbacks which are known as `` W 's '' . Fairfax -- Bolinas Road in Marin County , California , includes dozens of hairpin turns as it traverses the northern ridge of Mount Tamalpais , connecting the town of Fairfax in central Marin with the coastal community of Bolinas The Beartooth Highway in Montana and Wyoming has 19 switchbacks Blue Ridge Parkway in North Carolina and Virginia San Juan Grade Road in Salinas , California between Old Stage Rd and California Highway 156 in San Juan Bautista Cherohala Skyway in Tennessee and North Carolina W Road near Chattanooga , Tennessee , with 3 quick hairpin turns forming the letter `` W '' Pali Highway , Hawaii , connecting windward Oahu with Honolulu and leeward Oahu Taconic State Parkway in New York has a wide hairpin turn in Putnam County , which is signed as an S - curve Historic US 66 ( Oatman Highway ) between Kingman and Oatman , through Sitgreaves Pass in the Black Mountains , Arizona Palomar Mountain Road , also known as South Grade Road , in San Diego County has 21 switchbacks Greenwood Station Road ( US Bicycle Route 76 ) in Albemarle County , Virginia near Crozet with a signed `` 5 mph '' hairpin turn . ( N38. 054588 , W78. 770537 ) Mexico ( edit ) Mexican Autopista 95D has a famous hairpin turn which is known as La Pera ( The Pear ) , because it somewhat resembles the shape of that fruit . Canada ( edit ) The Crowsnest Highway in British Columbia , Canada east of Osoyoos has several hairpin turns . A sharp hairpin turn on British Columbia Highway 97 alongside Vaseux Lake near Oliver , British Columbia has been the scene of many accidents and deaths . Nova Scotia Highway 105 , part of the Trans - Canada Highway in Cape Breton has a hairpin turn after peaking Kelly 's Mountain before descending to cross the Seal Island Bridge . The Duffy Lake Road ( hwy 99 ) in British Columbia descending into Pemberton from Lillooet. 50 ° 18'4.31 `` N , 122 ° 35'4.50 '' W Chile ( edit ) The Paso Internacional Los Libertadores has several switchbacks on the Chilean side of the pass . 26 below the tunnel entrance alone . Asia ( edit ) Nujiang 72 turns / Baxoi 99 turns Tribhuvan Highway , Nepal Ancient 18 Hairpin Bends , known as Daha ata wanguwa on the way to / from Kandy / Mahiyanganaya The World War II -- era Burma Road , constructed over the rugged terrain between the ( then ) British colony of Burma and China has many hairpin curves to accommodate traffic to supply China , then otherwise isolated by sea and land . In Japan , there is the known Nikkō Irohazaka , a one - way switchback mountain road ( there are 2 separate roads ; up and down ) , located at Nikko , Tochigi . This road plays a significant role in Japanese history : The route was popular with Buddhist pilgrims on their way to Lake Chuzenji , which is at the top of the forested hill that this road climbs . There are 48 hairpin turns , each labeled with one of the 48 characters in the Japanese alphabet : while the narrow road has been modernized over the years , care has been taken to keep the number of curves constant . Iroha - Zaka ascends more than 1,300 feet ( 396 m ) . In Aomori Prefecture , the Tsugaru Iwaki Skyline is a toll road that allows drivers to ascend 2,644 feet ( 806 m ) with an average gradient of 8.66 % and sections up to 10 % ; to 8th station on the stratovolcano , Mount Iwaki . The road is considered to be one of the most dangerous mountain roads in the world due to the gradient and the constant 69 hairpin turns . In Macau , a part of the Guia Circuit is a hairpin turn . In India , the Gata Loops , a part of the route from Manali to Leh . And the Agumbe Ghat road from Udupi to Teerthahalli in Karnataka have 13 hairpin turns . In fact , most of the Ghats include at least one hairpin turn . In India , The Ghat road from Namakkal to Kolli Hills has 70 hair pin bends to reach the top of the hills . In China , Nujiang 72 turns / Baxoi 99 turns , part of China National Highway 318 . In Iraq , the road going up the Sinjar mountains starting from Shangal town to Gune Ezidiya village of the Yazidi sect has between 90 -- 100 hairpin turns over a distance of 20 km ( 12 mi ) from starting point to ending point . In Philippines , Kennon Road on the way to / from Baguio has many hairpin turns . Also in Rizal , Cagayan , the road besides mountains and rivers have hairpin turns . In Nepal , B.P. Koirala Highway , that links Kathmandu Valley with the Eastern Terai region , and Tribhuvan Highway that links Kathmandu with the Indian border , have many hairpin bends . In West Sumatra , Indonesia , there are two sections of road particularly famous for its hairpins : Kelok Ampek - Puluh - Ampek near Lake Maninjau , and Kelok Sembilan near Payakumbuh . In Sri Lanka , on the 41 km long Kandy - Padiyathalawa road via Mahiyangana there are 18 hairpin bends , popularly known as Daha ata wanguwa . Australia ( edit ) The Mount Hotham Pass on the Great Alpine Road in Victoria has numerous hairpin bends , as do the other roads in the region . Galston Gorge in New South Wales . Vehicles like towed caravans are forbidden on this road , lest the caravan gets jammed and delays other traffic . Special penalties apply if overlength vehicles attempted to take this route . Macquarie Pass in New South Wales , which winds through Macquarie Pass National Park has numerous hairpin bends which used to be so tight that semi-trailers had to stop and reverse to get around . Kangaroo Valley Road in New South Wales , located near Berry . Ben Lomond Road in Tasmania has 6 hairpin bends known as `` Jacobs Ladder '' , which is a popular descent for cyclists Corkscrew Road in Montacute , South Australia starts at Gorge Road and winds , as its name suggests , up to Montacute Road . This 2.4 - kilometre ( 1.5 mi ) road has become famous through the Tour Down Under King of the Mountain climb for the difficulty of riding up the steep and sharp bends . Western end of Cahill Expressway in Sydney . Motorsports ( edit ) Fairmont Hotel Hairpin in Circuit de Monaco . A WRC car taking a hairpin turn during 2007 Rallye Deutschland Fairmont Hotel Hairpin is the slowest turn in Formula One Many venues used for motor racing incorporate hairpin turns in the racecourse even if the terrain is relatively level . In this case the purpose is to provide a greater challenge to the drivers , to increase overtaking opportunities or simply increase the lap length without increasing the area occupied by the track . Martinsville Speedway is a paper clip shaped short track on the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series circuit , measuring around 0.5 miles ( 0.80 km ) in length . The eleventh turn at Sonoma Raceway is a hairpin turn used in NASCAR . Railways ( edit ) If a railway curves back on itself like a hairpin turn , it is called a horseshoe curve . However , the radius of curvature is much larger than that of a typical road hairpin . See this example at Zlatoust or Hillclimbing for other railway ascent methods . Skiing ( edit ) Sections known as hairpins are also found in the slalom discipline of alpine skiing . A hairpin consists of two consecutive vertical or `` closed gates '' which must be negotiated very quickly . ( Three or more consecutive closed gates are known as a flush . ) See also ( edit ) Dead Man 's Curve Spiral bridge References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Statens vegvesen , Møre og Romsdal ( 2001 ) : Vegminner i Møre og Romsdal fylke . Molde . Jump up ^ National Road Authority of Norway http://www.vegvesen.no/binary?id=16315 Jump up ^ Rødland , Kjartan ( 2000 ) . Tut og køyr ! : vegar og vegplanar i Hordaland 1970 -- 2000 . Bergen : Alma mater og Statens vegvesen Hordaland . ISBN 8241902638 . Jump up ^ `` Travel -- National Geographic '' . www.nationalgeographic.com . Jump up ^ Randy Rogers . `` Pikes Peak Highway -- Drive to the Summit '' . Jump up ^ `` Nikko Travel : Irohazaka Winding Road and Akechidaira Plateau '' . japan-guide.com . Jump up ^ `` NIKKO TOURIST ASSOCIATION '' . nikko-jp.org . Archived from the original on 2014 - 08 - 04 . Jump up ^ `` About the Tsugaru Iwaki Skyline '' . Jump up ^ `` Wikimapia -- Let 's describe the whole world ! '' . wikimapia.org . Jump up ^ `` Wikimapia -- Let 's describe the whole world ! '' . wikimapia.org . Jump up ^ `` Wikimapia -- Let 's describe the whole world ! '' . wikimapia.org . Jump up ^ `` The Ben Lomond Descent '' . mountainbiketasmania.com.au . Archived from the original on 2014 - 01 - 25 . Jump up ^ `` Corkscrew Road for Tour Down Under '' . adelaidenow.com.au . Jump up ^ `` Златоуст - Google Maps '' . google.com . External links ( edit ) Media related to Hairpin turns at Wikimedia Commons Streets and roadways Types of road Limited - access Freeway / Motorway Dual carriageway / Divided highway / Expressway Elevated highway By country Brazil China Croatia Czech Republic Germany Greece Hong Kong India Ireland Italy Pakistan Portugal Spain United Kingdom United States Main roads Arterial road Collector road County highway Express - collector setup Farm - to - market road Highway Link road Two - lane expressway 2 + 1 road 2 + 2 road Parkway Super two Trunk road Highway systems by country Local roads Alley Backroad Bicycle boulevard Boulevard Country lane Dead end Driveway Frontage road Green lane Main street Primitive road Road Side road Single carriageway Single - track road Street Sunken lane Other terms Channelization Concurrency Detour Hierarchy of roads Private highway Route number Special route Business route Street hierarchy Toll road Road junctions Interchanges ( grade - separated ) Cloverleaf Diamond Free - flow Directional T Diverging diamond Parclo Raindrop Roundabout Single - point urban ( SPUI ) Stack Three - level diamond Trumpet Intersections ( at - grade ) 3 - way junction Bowtie Box junction Continuous flow Hook turn Jughandle Michigan left Offset T - intersection Protected intersection Quadrant roadway Right - in / right - out ( RIRO ) Roundabout Seagull intersection Split intersection Superstreet Texas U-turn Traffic circle Turnaround Surfaces Asphalt concrete Bioasphalt Brick Chipseal Cobblestone Concrete Reinforced concrete Corduroy Crocodile cracking Crushed stone Diamond grinding of pavement Dirt Full depth recycling Glassphalt Gravel Ice Macadam Pavement milling Permeable Plank Rubberized asphalt Sealcoat Sett Stamped asphalt Tarmac Texture Road hazards Aquaplaning Black ice Bleeding Crosswind Dead Man 's Curve Expansion joint Fog Ford Hairpin turn Level crossing Manhole cover Oil spill Oversize load Pothole Road debris Road slipperiness Road train Roadkill Rockfall Rut Speed bump Storm drain Washboarding Washout Whiteout Space and time allocation Barrier transfer machine Bicycle lane Climbing lane Complete streets Contraflow lane Contraflow lane reversal High - occupancy toll lane High - occupancy vehicle lane Lane Living street Managed lane Median / Central reservation Motorcycle lane Passing lane Pedestrian crossing Pedestrian zone Refuge island Reversible lane Road diet Road verge Runaway truck ramp Shared space Sidewalk / Pavement Shoulder Street running railway Traffic calming Traffic directionality Traffic island Traffic lanes Traffic signal preemption Unused highway Wide outside lane Woonerf Demarcation Bollard Botts ' dots Cable barrier Cat 's eye ( road ) Concrete step barrier Constant - slope barrier Curb F - Shape barrier Guard rail Jersey barrier Kassel kerb Noise barrier Raised pavement marker Road surface marking Rumble strip Traffic barrier Traffic cone Structures Bridge Causeway Overpass / Flyover Underpass / Tunnel Glossary of road transport terms Road types by features Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hairpin_turn&oldid=817954157 '' Categories : Motorsport terminology Road transport Road hazards Hidden categories : All articles with dead external links Articles with dead external links from October 2017 Articles with permanently dead external links Articles needing additional references from July 2014 All articles needing additional references All articles with unsourced statements Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Čeština Cymraeg Deutsch Español فارسی Français Italiano Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Polski Русский Simple English Slovenčina Svenska தமிழ் Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 31 December 2017 , at 15 : 40 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: another name for a hairpin bend crossword clue


Gimme Gimme Gimme ( TV series ) - wikipedia Gimme Gimme Gimme ( TV series ) Jump to : navigation , search Gimme Gimme Gimme Part of the Gimme Gimme Gimme title sequence . Genre Sitcom Created by Jonathan Harvey Developed by Jonathan Harvey Kathy Burke Starring Kathy Burke James Dreyfus Brian Bovell Beth Goddard Rosalind Knight Opening theme `` Gimme ! Gimme ! Gimme ! ( A Man After Midnight ) '' Ending theme `` Gimme ! Gimme ! Gimme ! ( A Man After Midnight ) '' Country of origin United Kingdom Original language ( s ) English No. of series No. of episodes 19 ( + 1 Comic Relief sketch ) ( list of episodes ) Production Executive producer ( s ) Jon Plowman Peter Bennett - Jones Mark Chapman Producer ( s ) Sue Vertue Matthew Francis Running time 29 minutes Production company ( s ) Tiger Aspect Productions Distributor Endemol UK Release Original network BBC Two ( series 1 - 2 ) BBC One ( series 3 ) Picture format 16 : 9 Original release 8 January 1999 ( 1999 - 01 - 08 ) -- 14 December 2001 ( 2001 - 12 - 14 ) External links Website Gimme Gimme Gimme is a BBC television sitcom by Tiger Aspect Productions that was first aired in three series from 1999 to 2001 . It was written by Jonathan Harvey , who developed the series with Kathy Burke . The title from the show stems from both the main characters ' continual search for a male partner , and the theme music is a cover of ABBA 's `` Gimme ! Gimme ! Gimme ! ( A Man After Midnight ) '' . The first two series were originally shown on BBC Two and were deemed successful enough for the third series to be shown on BBC One . The series is repeated on Gold . Contents ( hide ) 1 Premise 2 Cast 3 Characters 3.1 Regular 3.2 Recurring 4 Production 5 Episodes 6 Ratings 7 Home media 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External links Premise ( edit ) Gimme Gimme Gimme centres around loudmouthed Londoner Linda La Hughes ( played by comedian and director Kathy Burke ) and her gay flatmate , actor Tom Farrell ( played by James Dreyfus ) . A modern twist on the traditional `` odd couple '' format , much of Gimme Gimme Gimme 's humour springs from its lubricious innuendo subplot , which comes from the mouths of both Tom and Linda . Linda is characterised by her red perm , white glasses , and plump , lycra - clad figure . Boorish , unattractive Linda is convinced she is a `` stunner '' ; in series three she is finally diagnosed with reversed body dysmorphic disorder . It is suggested that Linda and Tom first met at a nightclub , bonded instantly ( due to both being on ecstasy ) , and decided to live together . What follows is , as writer Jonathan Harvey describes , `` one long comedown '' . Linda often tells humorous anecdotes about her family and childhood which suggest abuse or neglect ( such as how she apparently slept on a doormat as a baby , lived in a kennel as a child , and was left in a car - boot for the two weeks her aunt went on holiday ) , but she always thinks of these as positive experiences . She also claims that her Daddy now lives in an iron lung , although the only proof she has is a photo of a sideboard . Linda also lived in a convent and a borstal as a teenager . She has crushes on Liam Gallagher ( in whom she lost interest after series one as she `` could n't bring up another bird 's child '' ) , Robbie Williams , and both male members of Hear'Say . She also imagines having sex with Dale Winton in a toilet cubicle . Tom is melodramatic yet fails in his desire to get acting roles . He believes himself to be truly gifted in the art of acting , and often blames his failures on his agent or society itself . He did appear in one episode of EastEnders and often brags about it , delaying for as long as he can the fact that he was in one scene , had one line , and did nothing but buy a cagoule from Bianca Jackson 's market stall . He also appeared in Daylight Robbery as an extra , standing in a queue in the background . He had one line but it was cut due to timekeeping . He insists that the entire series was ruined due to the axing of his line . Tom has an obsession with appearing to be middle - class even though he hails from a working - class background , possibly because he also hates his parents . It is often suggested that Tom has no friends whatsoever ( apart from Linda and his housemates ) but unlike Linda he usually tries to pretend he is popular . Tom is in love with the actor Simon Shepherd . Although they appear to loathe each other , Tom and Linda are beholden to each other due to the simple fact that nobody else can tolerate them . They are in many ways alike : selfish , unsuccessful , and physically and personally unattractive - although Tom less so . The hapless duo live in a Kentish Town flat ( 69 Paradise Passage , Kentish Town ) rented from elderly ex-prostitute Beryl Merit ( Rosalind Knight ) . Other regular characters are the middle - class , horny married couple Jez ( Brian Bovell ) and Suze ( Beth Goddard ) . Many of the storylines revolve around the fact that Tom and Linda find Jez sexually attractive and ( particularly Linda ) despise the oblivious Suze . Another recurring character is Sugar Walls ( Elaine Lordan ) , Linda 's celebrity sister . Many of the other characters can be just as hapless as Tom and Linda ; Beryl still engages in sexual activities such as S&M and picking up young and married men , while Jez and Suze generally lack common sense . For example , they once cancelled their holiday to the Algarve and paid £ 500 to stay in their own back garden after Linda opened it up as a campsite . Simon Shepherd , Su Pollard , Charlie Condou , and Rose Keegan have made guest appearances . Su Pollard played a character called Heidi Honeycombe ; when she appeared , Linda greeted her with `` Heidi ! Hi ! '' ( a reference to Pollard 's character in the sitcom Hi - de-Hi ! ) . At the end of series three , Tom finally got his big break in TV soap opera Crossroads . The last episode ended with Tom leaving the flat and Linda taking off her hair ( revealing it to be a wig ) and sitting in the flat alone . Cast ( edit ) Kathy Burke as Linda La Hughes ( 19 episodes ) James Dreyfus as Tom Farrell ( 19 episodes ) Beth Goddard as Suze Littlewood ( 14 episodes ) Brian Bovell as Jez Littlewood ( 13 episodes ) Rosalind Knight as Beryl Merit ( 13 episodes ) Doña Croll as Norma ( 4 episodes , inc 2 voice appearances ) Simon Shepherd as Himself ( 3 episodes ) Elaine Lordan as Sugar Walls ( 2 episodes ) Jonathan Harvey as Man on sofa & Louie ( 2 episodes ) Characters ( edit ) Regular ( edit ) Linda La Hughes -- Linda is an unattractive middle - aged woman who usually wears skin tight , colourful clothing . Linda grabs any opportunity to bluntly flirt with any man she sees . She is delusional about her appearance ; in the Series 3 episode `` Trauma , '' she 's finally diagnosed with reversed body dysmorphic disorder . Her age is uncertain as she has announced different ages through the three series e.g. 16 , 18 , 19 , 23 and 28 . In the Series 2 episode `` Dirty Thirty '' , her birth certificate reveals that she is 39 -- but in the Series 3 episode `` Secrets and Flies '' she is unexpectedly reunited with her 28 - year - old son ; she says she was 15 when she gave birth to him , meaning she must be 43 . Linda has a large family consisting of a son named Zippy , two cousins , Simon who has a wonky eye , Velma who works in Soho who has an act called `` Snatch and Ladders '' , two aunties , Nitty and Ivy , an uncle called Tyrone and a sister called Sharon La Hughes who changed her name to Sugar Walls . Her Mother , called `` Queenie '' ( and oddly referred to in one episode as `` Dolly '' ) died when Linda was a child but there is some uncertainty as to the cause ; Linda tells Tom 's mum that she collapsed in a paddling pool in Pinner , but her sister Sugar Walls states that she electrocuted herself on her own Slendertone pads . Her Daddy hides from her , although she thinks he 's in an iron lung , but he does send her Christmas Presents . When Linda is asked what her father 's name is by her son Zippy , she replies `` Daddy '' . Thomas Thessalonius `` Tom '' Farrell -- Tom is a 30 - year - old wannabe ( but bad ) actor who has only had small roles on TV and on stage . Tom is openly gay and seizes every possible opportunity to get a boyfriend . Throughout Series 1 , he often refers to using drugs once at home when he mistook a sleeping tablet for an E , the other when reading what `` middle class '' people should do `` the middle class person will not go to sleazy night club and get off his tits on ecstasy '' He also tends to exaggerate a lot . Series 3 concludes with him moving to Nottingham to join the cast of Crossroads . Beryl Merit -- Beryl is the elderly landlady of 69 Paradise Passage . She is a retired prostitute but stays involved in criminal activities such as shoplifting and bootlegging ; in the Series 2 episode `` Glad to be Gay ? '' she 's seen to be an escort . Her best friend is Reenie , a fellow former prostitute whom she often mentions and is seen chatting to on the phone , but who never appears . Jez Littlewood -- Jez is Tom and Linda 's hunky middle - class neighbour . When Tom and Linda first meet Jez , they think one of them has slept with him , but actually he had just slept on the sofa . Both Tom and Linda constantly lust after him ; whilst Tom tends to be subtle about his feelings , Linda boorishly propositions Jez at every opportunity -- even in Suze 's presence . However , Jez is devoted to his wife . Suze Littlewood -- Suze is Jez 's ditzy wife . She can sometimes be nice but on other occasions she can be hyperactive and rather irritating , unintentionally coming off as a burden . Tom and Linda loathe Suze for standing in the way of their pursuit of Jez . Linda , especially , showers her with vicious insults , most of which go way over her head . She and Jez have a voracious -- often vociferous -- sex life . In the Series 3 episode `` Secrets and Flies '' ( featuring Linda 's own long - lost son ) , she gives birth to their baby boy , Lee - on - Solent `` Lee '' Littlewood . Suze has also stated that she is a `` committed vegetarian '' , with a liking for spinach pie and quorn placenta . Recurring ( edit ) Norma -- Norma is Tom 's agent and appears throughout all three of the series . Sugar Walls -- Sugar ( Birthname Sharon La Hughes ) is Linda 's famous sister . She is a model , but is more famous for her promiscuity than her modelling career . She appears once in series 1 and again in series 2 . Simon Shepherd -- Simon is Tom 's celebrity crush . Simon is famous for starring in Peak Practice . He appears in every series . Production ( edit ) The series was filmed in front of a live studio audience in Studio 2 at The London Studios , South Bank , London Writer Jonathan Harvey appeared in three episodes ; as a guest at the series 1 wedding , once as make - up artist Louis , and then as a customer in a sofa store . Episodes ( edit ) Main article : List of Gimme Gimme Gimme episodes Gimme Gimme Gimme has broadcast three series and 19 episodes in total . The first series premiered on BBC Two on 8 January 1999 and lasted for six episodes , concluding on 12 February 1999 . Following this , a Millennium special was screened at the end of the year on 29 December 1999 . A second series commenced on 14 January 2000 and finished on 18 February 2000 , again including six episodes . A short sketch included as part of Comic Relief was broadcast on 16 March 2001 . Due to the high viewing figures and success the show received , it was moved to BBC One for a six - episode third series which was the last . Each episode was written by Jonathan Harvey and directed by Liddy Oldroyd for the first two series and the special ; the third series was directed by Tristram Shapeero . Ratings ( edit ) Series Episode Viewers 6,550,000 6,290,000 5,950,000 6,100,000 5 5,840,000 6 5,350,000 Series Episode Viewers Millennium special 3,980,000 6,790,000 5,420,000 5,570,000 6,160,000 5 4,720,000 6 7,100,000 Series Episode Viewers 6,790,000 underneath 6,150,000 underneath 5,830,000 underneath 5,960,000 5 underneath 5,920,000 6 underneath 5,550,000 Home media ( edit ) Title Episodes No. of discs Release date VHS / Region 2 DVD Region 2 DVD ( re-release ) Region 4 DVD The Complete First Series 6 1 October 2001 30 April 2007 22 April 2003 The Complete Second Series 7 17 November 2003 27 August 2007 3 June 2009 The Complete Third Series 6 11 November 2002 27 August 2007 TBA The Complete Collection 19 17 November 2003 20 November 2006 / 2011 * TBA The Complete Collection was re-released again in 2011 in standard DVD case , as the 2006 box set went out of print . The UK DVD releases have both Region 2 and Region 4 encoding on each season and the complete set . References ( edit ) Brown , David ( 2015 ) The BBC would never make Gimme Gimme Gimme today , says its writer Jonathan Harvey Radio Times Harvey , Jonathan ( 2002 ) . Gimme Gimme Gimme : The Book Boxtree . ISBN 978 - 0752272689 . Jump up ^ `` Gimme Gimme Gimme Series 1 on DVD '' . dvdorachar.com.au . Archived from the original on 15 November 2016 . Retrieved 14 November 2016 . Jump up ^ `` Gimme Gimme Gimme Series 2 on DVD '' . dvdorachar.com.au . Archived from the original on 15 November 2016 . Retrieved 14 November 2016 . Further reading ( edit ) Padva . Gilad ( 2005 ) . Desired Bodies and Queer Masculinities in Three Popular TV Sitcoms . In Lorek - Jezinska , Edyta and Wieckowska , Katarzyna ( Eds . ) , Corporeal Inscriptions : Representations of the Body in Cultural and Literary Texts and Practices ( pp. 127 -- 138 ) . Torun , Poland : Nicholas Copernicus University Press . External links ( edit ) Wikiquote has quotations related to : Gimme Gimme Gimme Gimme Gimme Gimme at BBC Online Gimme Gimme Gimme at BBC Programmes Gimme Gimme Gimme on IMDb Gimme Gimme Gimme at British Comedy Guide Gimme Gimme Gimme at TV.com Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gimme_Gimme_Gimme_(TV_series)&oldid=835714625 '' Categories : 1999 British television programme debuts 2001 British television programme endings 1990s British LGBT - related television series 1990s British sitcoms 1990s LGBT comedy television series 1990s sex comedy television series 2000s British LGBT - related television series 2000s British sex comedy television series 2000s British sitcoms 2000s LGBT comedy television series BBC television sitcoms British LGBT - related sitcoms English - language television programs Gay - related television programs Television series by Endemol Television shows set in London Hidden categories : Use dmy dates from May 2011 Use British English from May 2011 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Wikiquote Eesti فارسی Italiano Nederlands Polski Edit links This page was last edited on 10 April 2018 , at 10 : 03 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: when did gimme gimme gimme start