Cone cell - wikipedia Cone cell Jump to : navigation , search Cone cell Normalized responsivity spectra of human cone cells , S , M , and L types Details Function Color vision Identifiers Code TH H3. 11.08. 3.01046 NeuroLex ID Cone Cell TH H3. 11.08. 3.01046 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) Cone cell structure Cone cells , or cones , are one of three types of photoreceptor cells in the retina of mammalian eyes ( e.g. the human eye ) . They are responsible for color vision and function best in relatively bright light , as opposed to rod cells , which work better in dim light . Cone cells are densely packed in the fovea centralis , a 0.3 mm diameter rod - free area with very thin , densely packed cones which quickly reduce in number towards the periphery of the retina . There are about six to seven million cones in a human eye and are most concentrated towards the macula . The commonly cited figure of six million cone cells in the human eye was found by Osterberg in 1935 . Oyster 's textbook ( 1999 ) cites work by Curcio et al. ( 1990 ) indicating an average close to 4.5 million cone cells and 90 million rod cells in the human retina . Cones are less sensitive to light than the rod cells in the retina ( which support vision at low light levels ) , but allow the perception of colour . They are also able to perceive finer detail and more rapid changes in images , because their response times to stimuli are faster than those of rods . Cones are normally one of the three types , each with different pigment , namely : S - cones , M - cones and L - cones . Each cone is therefore sensitive to visible wavelengths of light that correspond to short - wavelength , medium - wavelength and long - wavelength light . Because humans usually have three kinds of cones with different photopsins , which have different response curves and thus respond to variation in colour in different ways , we have trichromatic vision . Being colour blind can change this , and there have been some verified reports of people with four or more types of cones , giving them tetrachromatic vision . The three pigments responsible for detecting light have been shown to vary in their exact chemical composition due to genetic mutation ; different individuals will have cones with different color sensitivity . Destruction of the cone cells from disease would result in color blindness . Contents ( hide ) 1 Types 2 Structure 3 Diseases 4 Color afterimage 5 See also 6 References 7 External links Types ( edit ) Humans normally have three types of cones . The first responds the most to light of long wavelengths , peaking at about 560 nm ; this type is sometimes designated L for long . The second type responds the most to light of medium - wavelength , peaking at 530 nm , and is abbreviated M for medium . The third type responds the most to short - wavelength light , peaking at 420 nm , and is designated S for short . The three types have peak wavelengths near 564 -- 580 nm , 534 -- 545 nm , and 420 -- 440 nm , respectively , depending on the individual . The difference in the signals received from the three cone types allows the brain to perceive a continuous range of colours , through the opponent process of colour vision . ( Rod cells have a peak sensitivity at 498 nm , roughly halfway between the peak sensitivities of the S and M cones . ) All of the receptors contain the protein photopsin , with variations in its conformation causing differences in the optimum wavelengths absorbed . The colour yellow , for example , is perceived when the L cones are stimulated slightly more than the M cones , and the colour red is perceived when the L cones are stimulated significantly more than the M cones . Similarly , blue and violet hues are perceived when the S receptor is stimulated more . Cones are most sensitive to light at wavelengths around 420 nm . However , the lens and cornea of the human eye are increasingly absorptive to shorter wavelengths , and this sets the short wavelength limit of human - visible light to approximately 380 nm , which is therefore called ' ultraviolet ' light . People with aphakia , a condition where the eye lacks a lens , sometimes report the ability to see into the ultraviolet range . At moderate to bright light levels where the cones function , the eye is more sensitive to yellowish - green light than other colors because this stimulates the two most common ( M and L ) of the three kinds of cones almost equally . At lower light levels , where only the rod cells function , the sensitivity is greatest at a blueish - green wavelength . Cones also tend to possess a significantly elevated visual acuity because each cone cell has a lone connection to the optic nerve , therefore , the cones have an easier time telling that two stimuli are isolated . Separate connectivity is established in the inner plexiform layer so that each connection is parallel . While it has been discovered that there exists a mixed type of bipolar cells that bind to both rod and cone cells , bipolar cells still predominantly receive their input from cone cells . Structure ( edit ) Bird , reptilian , and monotreme cone cells . Cone cells are somewhat shorter than rods , but wider and tapered , and are much less numerous than rods in most parts of the retina , but greatly outnumber rods in the fovea . Structurally , cone cells have a cone - like shape at one end where a pigment filters incoming light , giving them their different response curves . They are typically 40 -- 50 μm long , and their diameter varies from 0.5 to 4.0 μm , being smallest and most tightly packed at the center of the eye at the fovea . The S cone spacing is slightly larger than the others . Photobleaching can be used to determine cone arrangement . This is done by exposing dark - adapted retina to a certain wavelength of light that paralyzes the particular type of cone sensitive to that wavelength for up to thirty minutes from being able to dark - adapt making it appear white in contrast to the grey dark - adapted cones when a picture of the retina is taken . The results illustrate that S cones are randomly placed and appear much less frequently than the M and L cones . The ratio of M and L cones varies greatly among different people with regular vision ( e.g. values of 75.8 % L with 20.0 % M versus 50.6 % L with 44.2 % M in two male subjects ) . Like rods , each cone cell has a synaptic terminal , an inner segment , and an outer segment as well as an interior nucleus and various mitochondria . The synaptic terminal forms a synapse with a neuron such as a bipolar cell . The inner and outer segments are connected by a cilium . The inner segment contains organelles and the cell 's nucleus , while the outer segment , which is pointed toward the back of the eye , contains the light - absorbing materials . Like rods , the outer segments of cones have invaginations of their cell membranes that create stacks of membranous disks . Photopigments exist as transmembrane proteins within these disks , which provide more surface area for light to affect the pigments . In cones , these disks are attached to the outer membrane , whereas they are pinched off and exist separately in rods . Neither rods nor cones divide , but their membranous disks wear out and are worn off at the end of the outer segment , to be consumed and recycled by phagocytic cells . The response of cone cells to light is also directionally nonuniform , peaking at a direction that receives light from the center of the pupil ; this effect is known as the Stiles -- Crawford effect . Diseases ( edit ) One of the diseases related to cone cells present in retina is retinoblastoma . Retinoblastoma is a rare cancer of the retina , caused by the mutation of both copies of retinoblastoma genes ( RB1 ) . Most cases of retinoblastoma occur during early childhood . One or both eyes may be affected . The protein encoded by RB1 regulates a signal transduction pathway while controlling the cell cycle progression as normally . Retinoblastoma seems to originate in cone precursor cells present in the retina that consist of natural signalling networks which restrict cell death and promote cell survival after losing the RB1 , or having both the RB1 copies mutated . It has been found that TRβ2 which is a transcription factor specifically affiliated with cones is essential for rapid reproduction and existence of the retinoblastoma cell . A drug that can be useful in the treatment of this disease is MDM2 ( murine double minute 2 ) gene . Knockdown studies have shown that the MDM2 gene silences ARF - induced apoptosis in retinoblastoma cells and that MDM2 is necessary for the survival of cone cells . It is unclear at this point why the retinoblastoma in humans is sensitive to RB1 inactivation . The pupil may appear white or have white spots . A white glow in the eye is often seen in photographs taken with a flash , instead of the typical `` red eye '' from the flash , and the pupil may appear white or distorted . Other symptoms can include crossed eyes , double vision , eyes that do not align , eye pain and redness , poor vision or differing iris colours in each eye . If the cancer has spread , bone pain and other symptoms may occur . Color afterimage ( edit ) Sensitivity to a prolonged stimulation tends to decline over time , leading to neural adaptation . An interesting effect occurs when staring at a particular color for a minute or so . Such action leads to an exhaustion of the cone cells that respond to that color - resulting in the afterimage . This vivid color aftereffect can last for a minute or more . See also ( edit ) Cone dystrophy Disc shedding Double cones RG color space Tetrachromacy Melanopsin References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` The Rods and Cones of the Human Eye '' . Jump up ^ Osterberg , G. ( 1935 ) . `` Topography of the layer of rods and cones in the human retina '' . Acta Ophthalmol . Suppl. 13 ( 6 ) : 1 -- 102 . Jump up ^ Oyster , C.W. ( 1999 ) . The human eye : structure and function . Sinauer Associates . Jump up ^ Curcio , CA. ; Sloan , KR. ; Kalina , RE. ; Hendrickson , AE . ( Feb 1990 ) . `` Human photoreceptor topography '' . J Comp Neurol. 292 ( 4 ) : 497 -- 523 . doi : 10.1002 / cne. 902920402 . PMID 2324310 . ^ Jump up to : Kandel , E.R. ; Schwartz , J.H ; Jessell , T.M. ( 2000 ) . Principles of Neural Science ( 4th ed . ) . New York : McGraw - Hill . pp. 507 -- 513 . Jump up ^ Schacter , Gilbert , Wegner , `` Psychology '' , New York : Worth Publishers , 2009 . Jump up ^ Jameson , K.A. ; Highnote , S.M. & Wasserman , L.M. ( 2001 ) . `` Richer colour experience in observers with multiple photopigment opsin genes '' ( PDF ) . Psychonomic Bulletin and Review . 8 ( 2 ) : 244 -- 261 . doi : 10.3758 / BF03196159 . PMID 11495112 . Jump up ^ `` You wo n't believe your eyes : The mysteries of sight revealed '' . The Independent . 7 March 2007 . Jump up ^ Mark Roth ( September 13 , 2006 ) . `` Some women may see 100,000,000 colours , thanks to their genes '' . Pittsburgh Post-Gazette . Jump up ^ Wyszecki , Günther ; Stiles , W.S. ( 1981 ) . Colour Science : Concepts and Methods , Quantitative Data and Formulae ( 2nd ed . ) . New York : Wiley Series in Pure and Applied Optics . ISBN 0 - 471 - 02106 - 7 . Jump up ^ R.W.G. Hunt ( 2004 ) . The Reproduction of Colour ( 6th ed . ) . Chichester UK : Wiley -- IS&T Series in Imaging Science and Technology . pp. 11 -- 12 . ISBN 0 - 470 - 02425 - 9 . Jump up ^ Let the light shine in : You do n't have to come from another planet to see ultraviolet light EducationGuardian.co.uk , David Hambling ( May 30 , 2002 ) ^ Jump up to : Strettoi , E ; Novelli , E ; Mazzoni , F ; Barone , I ; Damiani , D ( Jul 2010 ) . `` Complexity of retinal cone bipolar cells '' . Progress in retinal and eye research . 29 ( 4 ) : 272 -- 83 . doi : 10.1016 / j. preteyeres. 2010.03. 005 . PMC 2878852 . PMID 20362067 . Jump up ^ Brian A. Wandel ( 1995 ) . `` Foundations of Vision '' . Jump up ^ Roorda A. ; Williams D.R. ( 1999 ) . `` The arrangement of the three cone classes in the living human eye '' . Nature . 397 ( 6719 ) : 520 -- 522 . doi : 10.1038 / 17383 . PMID 10028967 . ^ Jump up to : Skinner , Mhairi ( 2009 ) . `` Tumorigenesis : Cone cells set the stage '' . Nature Reviews Cancer . 9 : 534 . doi : 10.1038 / nrc2710 . Jump up ^ `` Retinoblastoma '' . A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopedia . Missing or empty url = ( help ) Jump up ^ Schacter , Daniel L. Psychology : the second edition . Chapter 4.9 . External links ( edit ) Cell Centered Database -- Cone cell Webvision 's Photoreceptors NIF Search -- Cone Cell via the Neuroscience Information Framework Model and image of cone cell ( hide ) Anatomy of the globe of the eye Fibrous tunic ( outer ) Sclera Episcleral layer Schlemm 's canal Trabecular meshwork Cornea Limbus layers Epithelium Bowman 's Stroma Dua 's layer Descemet 's Endothelium Uvea / vascular tunic ( middle ) Choroid Capillary lamina of choroid Bruch 's membrane Sattler 's layer Ciliary body Ciliary processes Ciliary muscle Pars plicata Pars plana Iris Stroma Pupil Iris dilator muscle Iris sphincter muscle Retina ( inner ) Layers Inner limiting membrane Nerve fiber layer Ganglion cell layer Inner plexiform layer Inner nuclear layer Outer plexiform layer Outer nuclear layer External limiting membrane Layer of rods and cones Retinal pigment epithelium Cells Photoreceptor cells ( Cone cell , Rod cell ) → ( Horizontal cell ) → Bipolar cell → ( Amacrine cell ) → Retina ganglion cell ( Midget cell , Parasol cell , Bistratified cell , Giant retina ganglion cells , Photosensitive ganglion cell ) → Diencephalon : P cell , M cell , K cell , Muller glia Other Macula Perifoveal area Parafoveal area Fovea Foveal avascular zone Foveola Optic disc Optic cup Ora serrata Anatomical regions of the eye Anterior segment Adnexa Fibrous tunic Anterior chamber Aqueous humour Iris Posterior chamber Ciliary body Lens Capsule of lens Zonule of Zinn Posterior segment Vitreous chamber Vitreous body Retina Choroid Other Keratocytes Ocular immune system Tapetum lucidum Eye care professional Eye disease Refractive error Accommodation Physiological Optics Visual perception Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cone_cell&oldid=806580880 '' Categories : Photoreceptor cells Human eye anatomy Human cells Neurons Hidden categories : Pages using web citations with no URL Talk Contents About Wikipedia Bosanski Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Galego 한국어 Bahasa Indonesia Íslenska Italiano עברית Кыргызча Lietuvių Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Polski Português Русский Simple English Slovenčina کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska ไทย Українська 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 22 October 2017 , at 23 : 01 . 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Question: where are the cones in the eye located


El Pollo Loco - Wikipedia El Pollo Loco Jump to : navigation , search El Pollo Loco is the name of two independent restaurant chains that are controlled by different companies , El Pollo Loco , Inc. and El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. Both companies specialize in Mexican - style grilled chicken and were founded by Juan Francisco Ochoa . Ochoa established the first El Pollo Loco restaurant in Guasave , Sinaloa , Mexico , in the mid-1970s , and then expanded his chain into the United States in 1980 . Ochoa then sold his U.S. restaurants in 1983 , which became El Pollo Loco , Inc. , while keeping the ones in Mexico , which became El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. Both companies have since occupied non-overlapping global territories , and have offered different fare . Contents ( hide ) 1 United States 1.1 Fare 1.2 History 1.3 Temporary expansion eastward 1.4 Locations within the United States 1.5 Locations outside North America 1.6 Charity partners 2 Mexico 2.1 History of the Mexican chain 2.2 Fare 2.3 Controversies 3 See also 4 References 5 External links United States ( edit ) El Pollo Loco , Inc . Fresh from the grill Entrance to Costa Mesa headquarters Trading name El Pollo Loco Type Public Traded as NASDAQ : LOCO S&P 600 Component Industry Casual dining restaurant , Restaurants Founded Guasave , Sinaloa , México ( 1975 ) Los Angeles , California , United States ( December 8 , 1980 ; 37 years ago ( 1980 - 12 - 08 ) ) Founder Juan Francisco Ochoa Headquarters Costa Mesa , California Number of locations 430 Area served United States ( California , Nevada , Arizona , Utah , Texas ) Key people Steve Sather ( President , CEO ) Kay Bogeajis ( Chief Operating Officer ) Larry Roberts ( Chief Financial Officer ) Ed Valle ( Chief Marketing Officer ) Products Fire - grilled chicken and related Mexican food Website elpolloloco.com El Pollo Loco , Inc. is a restaurant chain based in the United States , specializing in Mexican - style grilled chicken . Restaurant service consists of : dine - in , take - out , with some locations offering drive through options . The company is headquartered in Costa Mesa , California and operates over 400 ( as of March 2014 ) company - owned and franchised restaurants in the Southwestern United States . `` El Pollo Loco '' is Spanish for `` The Crazy Chicken '' . Fare ( edit ) A typical El Pollo Loco restaurant El Pollo Loco primarily prepares Mexican chicken entrees . The company describes its chicken as `` citrus - marinated and fire - grilled . '' The American company also offer Mexican - style food such as tacos , burritos , enchiladas , and quesadillas . In a bid to compete with companies such as KFC and Chick - fil - A , El Pollo Loco experimented with offering deep fried chicken in the form of breaded chicken tenders at selected locations in the United States for a limited time during the Fall 2016 . This experiment is a big departure from its previous marketing campaigns that tout their fired - grilled chicken as a healthy alternative to fried chicken . History ( edit ) Juan Francisco Ochoa started the restaurant in Guasave , Sinaloa , Mexico , in 1975 . By 1979 the chain had expanded throughout northern Mexico . On December 8 , 1980 , Ochoa opened his first U.S. restaurant in Los Angeles , California at 503 Alvarado Street , near Sixth Street . The first American location was only 1,500 - square - feet and it grossed more than $125,000 per month during its first year of operation . The initial menu was very simple : a choice of a half or whole chicken with a packet of warm tortillas and a cup of salsa . A second location was opened in Santa Ana in the fall of 1981 . In 1983 , the 19 American restaurants in the chain were acquired by Denny 's with an agreement that the Ochoa family would continue to operate the restaurants in Mexico . After 18 months of new ownership , the American owned El Loco Pollo , Inc. had increased the number of locations in Southern California from 19 to 29 while adding 6 locations in distant Houston , Texas , with almost all of the new locations were franchise operations . Four years later the 70 - unit El Pollo Loco was acquired by TW Services when TW Services purchased El Pollo Loco 's then parent Denny 's Inc. in 1987 for $218 million in cash . In May 1990 , El Pollo Loco opened its 200th restaurant . That new restaurant was located in Yorba Linda , California . During the early 1990s the company experimented with many different concepts to increase marketshare in the competitive Southern Californian fast food industry . In 1994 the company test marketed at a select few locations : a side - dish bar , salsa bar , and barbecue at some locations , while other locations tried selling french fries or ice cream . Only salsa bars survived the test and were introduced chainwide the following year . The company also tested home delivery and catering in 1995 . In August 1995 El Pollo Loco earned a place in the Guinness Book of World Records for building the world 's largest burrito in Anaheim , California . The burrito was 3,112 feet ( 949 m ) long and weighed two tons . American Securities Capital Partners acquired the 274 - location El Pollo Loco in 1999 for $114 Million from Advantica ( formerly called TW Services ) and later sold it to Trimaran Capital Partners in 2005 for $400 Million with 328 locations . El Pollo Loco 2015 logo In January 2007 , El Pollo Loco was featured on NBC TV 's hit show The Apprentice : Los Angeles where contestants competed by creating and selling versions of El Pollo Loco 's Pollo Bowl . El Pollo Loco was recognized by the World Franchising Network as a Top Franchise for Hispanics in 2010 . New locations were first open by franchisees in the states of Utah and Oregon in 2008 . The 400th location was opened in Chelsea , Massachusetts in May 2008 . In July 2014 , El Loco Pollo ( NASDAQ : LOCO ) became a publicly traded company on NASDAQ . In October 2016 , the company announced that it had teamed up with a Louisiana - based franchisee who plans to build and open two units in Lafayette , Louisiana , sometime in 2018 . In the following year , the Louisiana - based franchisee announced that construction of the first Lafayette was going to start in the upcoming month with an anticipated opening in the late spring of 2018 . Temporary expansion eastward ( edit ) Throughout its history , El Pollo Loco , Inc. , tried at various times to expand beyond its core territories of California and the American Southwest , but all of these attempts were so far not very successful . In 1987 , then owner TW Services began to open restaurants in the Orlando area , starting in Winter Park , Florida . Five restaurants were eventually built but all five were forced to close in 1991 . A second expansion attempt , mainly though franchises , was started in 2006 under then owner Trimaran Capital Partners . All of these locations were closed within six years . During this time , El Pollo Loco or its franchisees briefly operated several restaurants in metro Atlanta , and Boston , New Jersey and in the Hampton Roads area of Virginia ; these closed by 2011 . The chain 's franchised restaurants in the Portland , Oregon metropolitan area also closed in 2011 . An El Pollo Loco in the Foxwoods Resort Casino in Connecticut closed in spring 2012 . The last of four Chicago area stores closed at the end of 2012 . Locations within the United States ( edit ) In the U.S. , the El Pollo Loco chain operates over 400 company - owned and franchised restaurants in Arizona , California , Nevada , Texas , Utah , and coming in 2018 Louisiana . In 2012 , El Pollo Loco restaurants went through a major makeover . Locations outside north america ( edit ) Under Denny 's and its successors , El Pollo Loco , Inc. , had sold franchise licenses to operators based in East Asia . By 1997 , EPL , Inc. , had franchises located in Malaysia , Singapore and the Philippines . The franchise licenses for both Malaysia and Singapore has since lapsed . In July 2016 , the Delgado family , owners of the El Pollo Loco franchise in the Philippines , filed a lawsuit against EPL , Inc. in the Regional Trial Court so it could retain the El Pollo Loco trademark in that country after the franchise contract had terminated . Charity Partners ( edit ) The brand created Fire - Grilled Fundraisers , an initiative for nonprofit organizations to raise funds for their cause while dining at the restaurant . They also created El Pollo Loco Charities , a nonprofit 501 ( c ) charity to provide meals to underprivileged families , in 2005 . Mexico ( edit ) El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. ¿ Que lo hace diferente ... único ... ? Trading name El Pollo Loco Type Private Industry Casual dining restaurant , Restaurants Founded Guasave , Sinaloa , Mexico January 6 , 1975 ; 43 years ago ( 1975 - 01 - 06 ) Founder Juan Francisco Ochoa Headquarters San Pedro Garza García , Nuevo León , Mexico Number of locations 52 ( October 2017 ) Area served Mexico ( Coahuila , Michoacán , Nuevo León , Sinaloa , Tamaulipas , and Mexico D.F. ) Products Fire - grilled chicken and related Mexican food Website elpolloloco.com.mx The El Pollo Loco locations in Mexico are not affiliated with or operated by the Costa Mesa , California - based El Pollo Loco , Inc. but are operated by Mexico - based El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. , which is still owned by founder Juan Francisco Ochoa and his family . The company specializes in selling Sinaloa - style marinaded grilled chicken . In Mexico , El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V. , operates as El Pollo Loco in over 50 locations within Mexico City and the states of Coahuila , Nuevo León , Michoacán , Sinaloa , and Tamaulipas , of which 28 of those being located in Nuevo León . History of the Mexican chain ( edit ) Ochoa opened his first location in Guasave in the state of Sinaloa on January 6 , 1974 at a small roadside location containing ten tables and with a starting working capital of 15 thousand pesos . His wife Flérida created a fruit - based marinade which was used to coat the chicken for several hours prior to grilling . After a few hours of operations on their first day , they sold out all 43 chickens . Three years later , Ochoa 's brother Jaime quit his job and opened the company 's second location in San Luis Potosi . This was quickly followed by other locations that were opened and operated by Ochoa 's other brothers and sisters in Guadalajara , Morelia , Monterrey , and Saltillo . By the end of 1979 , Ochoa had 85 restaurants in 20 cities throughout Northern Mexico with many of the locations operated by family members or close friends . At that time , Ochoa thought about expanding north of the borders into areas of the United States that he had previously visited . In 1980 , Ochoa opened his first U.S. location on Alvarado Street in Los Angeles , an area which had a high concentration of immigrants from Sinaloa . The company rapidly expanded on both sides of the international border during the early 1980s . However a number of bad decisions caused by a non-related manager caused the company to accumulate $3 million in debts and created a cash flow problem that forced Ochoa to sell his properties outside Mexico to help cover those debts . In September 1983 , Ochoa sold the 19 U.S. locations , all of which were located in Southern California , to Denny 's for either $12.6 million or $11.3 million . At the time of the sale , Ochoa had retained 92 locations within Mexico . As part of the agreement , Denny 's promised to assist Ochoa in opening new locations in the parts of Mexico that Ochoa 's company did not then occupy . In 2004 , the Mexican company filed suit in U.S. Federal Court against the American company for failure to fulfill the joint expansion agreement . After three years of litigation , the Court ruled against the American company and ordered the American company to pay $22 million in damages and to return the ownership of the `` El Pollo Loco '' trademark and intellectual property within Mexico back to the Mexican company . As a result of the debt debacle created during the early 1980s by a non-family manager , the number of locations has since shrunk to approximately 40 locations , all of which are managed and operated by family members . After the sale of the American locations in 1983 , Ochoa restricted his business activities to Mexico . However , the lure of new business activities north of the Rio Grande was too hard to resist and Ochoa opened his new business , called Taco Palenque , in Laredo , Texas in 1987 . Fare ( edit ) Unlike its American counterpart , the Mexican chain has kept its menu simple and focused on the grilled chicken . Deboned chicken or other meats like shrimp or carne asada are not available . Standard Mexican - American fare such as tacos , burritos , enchiladas , and quesadillas are also not available . Controversies ( edit ) In January 2016 , the Secretaría de Salud de Nuevo León , the Health Ministry for the Mexican state of Nuevo León , closed several franchised locations of El Pollo Loco for several health code violations . At least one of the locations was owned by Mexican politician Marco González who claimed that the closures were politically motivated . See also ( edit ) List of fast - food chicken restaurants Los Angeles portal Companies portal Food portal References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` Full List of Locations '' . El Pollo Loco . Retrieved 23 November 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Our Food '' . El Pollo Loco Inc . Jump up ^ Luna , Nancy ( September 2 , 2016 ) . `` El Pollo Loco adds fried chicken tenders as Raising Cane 's leads surge in chicken sales '' . Orange County Register . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco Introduces New Chicken Tenders '' . Brand Eating . September 5 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Diaz , Francisco ( 8 July 2011 ) , `` Entrepreneur of the Year is Named '' , Laredo Sun , archived from the original on 17 July 2013 , retrieved 16 July 2013 Jump up ^ `` The Legacy of El Pollo Loco '' . El Pollo Loco . Archived from the original on 2010 - 11 - 25 . ^ Jump up to : `` Saboreando el éxito '' ( Savouring success ) . Revista Clase ( in Spanish ) . June 24 , 2015 . ^ Jump up to : Moreland , Pamela ( February 12 , 1982 ) . `` Mexico 's Crazy Chicken Is Set to Take on Colonel '' . Los Angeles Times . p . F1 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . Alternate Link via ProQuest . ^ Jump up to : `` The Denny 's Inc. restaurant chain has reached an agreement ... '' United Press International . September 19 , 1983 . ^ Jump up to : Rivera , Nancy ( March 10 , 1985 ) . `` El Pollo Loco Adopts Yuppie Look but Still Maintains Its Latin Flavor '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ `` TW Services To Get Denny 's '' . New York Times . July 17 , 1987 . Jump up ^ Sanchez , Jesus ( July 17 , 1987 ) . `` N.Y. Firm Buys Denny 's Chain for $218 Million : Most of Top Management Will Remain With Chain '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ `` Retail '' . Los Angeles Times ( Orange County ed . ) . May 3 , 1990 . p. 5 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . El Pollo Loco is about to open its 200th store . The `` store of significance , '' as the company calls it , is situated on Yorba Linda Boulevard in Yorba Linda and opens Wednesday . Alternate Link via ProQuest . Jump up ^ Sullivan , J.L. ( June 6 , 1994 ) . `` Becoming a tough bird : El Pollo Loco regroups , steps up marketing effort '' . Orange County Business Journal . 17 ( 23 ) . p. 1 . A side - dish bar and salsa bar are in test periods at several locations . El Pollo Loco executives are currently testing a barbecue concept , as well as a joint operation with a Fosters Freeze store in Upland , Calif. , a project that might lead to the introduction of ice creams chainwide . Also rolling into the chain 's locations are french fries , which executives hope will round out their selection and remove a possible objection by customers considering a meal out . Link via ProQuest . ^ Jump up to : Monson , Rani Cher ( February 16 , 1995 ) . `` El Pollo Loco will open more outlets , boost menu , remodel '' . Orange County Register . p. c. 02 . The Irvine - based fast - food chain has other plans , too . For starters , $6.6 million will be spent to remodel all 206 El Pollo Loco locations . Changes include an exterior overhaul , installing new lamps and adding salsa bars at every location . The goal is to finish the job systemwide by 1996 . Also , the company might expand a recent experiment in catering and home delivery . The company says the services were so popular during the holidays that the idea might go chainwide . All 31 Orange County locations cater , and one Huntington Beach store has home delivery . The menu , once topheavy with chicken , will get several new items , including fish tacos , mashed potatoes and cucumber salad . Six entrees and five side dishes were added last year , helping to boost the company 's sales . Link via ProQuest . Jump up ^ Eyerly , Alan ( August 1 , 1995 ) . `` That 's a Wrap -- Charity Event Is Full of Beans '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ Hernandez , Greg ( November 10 , 1999 ) . `` El Pollo Loco Sold for $114 Million '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ Vincent , Roger ( September 29 , 2005 ) . `` El Pollo Loco to Be Sold for $400 Million '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ Luna , Nancy ( September 29 , 2005 ) . `` El Pollo Loco to be sold '' . Orange County Register . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco is Newest ' Recruit ' on NBC 's The Apprentice : Los Angeles '' . Business Wire ( Press release ) . 28 January 2007 . Retrieved 10 October 2013 . Jump up ^ Bond , Rob ( July 6 , 2010 ) . `` Top 26 Franchises for Hispanics : Poder 's annual survey of Hispanic diversity in the franchise business sector in 2010 '' . World Franchising Network . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco plans to open 1st Utah restaurant in May '' . Deseret News . January 24 , 2008 . ^ Jump up to : Wells , Shannon ( 15 July 2008 ) . `` Restaurant spices up Wood Village Town Center '' . Portland Tribune . ^ Jump up to : `` El Pollo Loco Opens 400th Restaurant in Chelsea , its First Boston Area Location Experienced Multi-Unit Restaurateurs Open Third of at Least 25 New Eng '' . Multi-Unit Franchisee Magazine . May 27 , 2008 . Jump up ^ Li , Shan ( July 25 , 2014 ) . `` El Pollo Loco stock sizzles to close at 60 % above IPO price '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ Luna , Nancy ( July 25 , 2014 ) . `` Wall Street clamors for a taste of chicken : El Pollo Loco stock surges 60 percent on first day of trading '' . Orange County Register . ^ Jump up to : `` Two El Pollo Loco locations planned for Lafayette '' . Baton Rouge Advocate . October 3 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Snyder , Jack ( July 13 , 1987 ) . `` Real Estate '' . Orlando Sentinel . p. 6 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . Alternate Link via ProQuest . Jump up ^ Strother , Susan G. ( October 19 , 1991 ) . `` El Pollo Loco Closes Orlando Restaurants '' . Orlando Sentinel . Jump up ^ Hirsch , Jerry ( November 28 , 2006 ) . `` Will East Coast go loco for an expanding El Pollo ? : The Mexican chicken chain has ambitious plans to compete nationally but faces a challenge in taco - deprived New England '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco Heats up National Expansion with Multiple Franchise Development Agreements : Flame - Grilled Chicken Leader Signs Agreements for 61 New Locations in Five Key States '' . Business Wire ( Press release ) . November 6 , 2006 . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco plans eastward expansion '' . L.A. Biz . January 28 , 2004 . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco Leaves Atlanta as Other Chains Make a Comeback '' . Tomorrow 's News Today - Atlanta . October 5 , 2011 . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco in Chelsea Has Closed '' . Boston Restaurant Talk . January 14 , 2010 . Jump up ^ Verdon , Joan ( May 3 , 2012 ) . `` Latin - flavor chicken chains have n't migrated to North Jersey in expected numbers '' . NorthJersey.com . Jump up ^ Shapiro , Carolyn ( February 17 , 2011 ) . `` 3 El Pollo Loco restaurants closing '' . Virginia Pilot . Jump up ^ Gunderson , Laura ( April 4 , 2009 ) . `` Fast - food chains look toward growth in Portland market '' . The Oregonian . Jump up ^ Giuca , Linda ( November 23 , 2006 ) . `` Take On A Chicken In A Game Of Tic - tac - toe '' . Hartford Courant . Jump up ^ Fulmer , Melinda ( February 4 , 2004 ) . `` El Pollo Loco to Expand to Chicago Area '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ Meyer , Gregory ( August 4 , 2005 ) . `` El Pollo Loco 's Hombre in Chicago '' . Crain 's Chicago Business . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco pulls back on Chicago expansion '' . QSR Web . January 21 , 2010 . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco to Enter Louisiana with New Franchise Partner '' . October 3 , 2016 . Jump up ^ Wyatt , Megan ( August 31 , 2017 ) . `` Mexican restaurant to open 1st Louisiana location in Lafayette '' . Jump up ^ Luna , Nancy ( November 8 , 2012 ) . `` El Pollo Loco joins fray of fast food makeovers '' . Orange County Register . Retrieved 10 October 2013 . Jump up ^ O'Dell , John ( April 23 , 1997 ) . `` Marchioli to Head El Pollo Loco '' . Los Angeles Times . Jump up ^ Agustin , Victor C. ( July 8 , 2016 ) . `` Cocktales : El Pollo Loco breaks away from US parent over trademark issue '' . InterAksyon . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco Seeks to Boost Impact on Community through Non-Profit Charity '' . Bison Advertising . April 18 , 2005 . ^ Jump up to : `` El Pollo Loco - Sucursales '' . elpolloloco.com.mx ( in Spanish ) . Retrieved 4 October 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Cantu , Gustavo ( March 9 , 2015 ) . `` Don Pollo Loco '' . El Universal ( Mexico City ) ( in Spanish ) . ^ Jump up to : Manjarrez , Azucena ( November 9 , 2006 ) . `` Sigo soñando : Juan Francisco Ochoa : En 1974 , y después de varios fracasos como vendedor , abre en Guasave el primer Pollo Loco , convertido hoy en una de las cadenas más prominentes en México y EU '' ( I keep dreaming : Juan Francisco Ochoa : In 1974 , and after several failures as a seller , opens in Guasave the first Pollo Loco , now become one of the most prominent chains in Mexico and the US . ) . Editorial Noroeste ( in Spanish ) . Jump up ^ Festejo , Guasave ( January 6 , 2015 ) . `` Pollo Loco celebra 40 años de vuelo : Francisco Ochoa le dice a quienes tienen la idea de emprender un negocio que no se rindan y se arriesguen a tener muchos tropiezos '' ( Pollo Loco celebrates 40 years of flight : Francisco Ochoa tells those who have the idea of starting a business that would not stop and take the risk to have many setbacks . ) . El Debate ( Mexico ) ( in Spanish ) . Jump up ^ Yoshihara , Nancy ( September 19 , 1983 ) . `` Denny 's to Acquire 19 El Pollo Loco Outlets '' . Los Angeles Times . p . E1 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . Alternate Link via ProQuest . Jump up ^ Mendez , Cruz Alberto ( November 11 , 1993 ) . `` Pollo Loco expadirá su mercado mundial '' ( Pollo Loco expand its global market ) . La Opinión ( in Spanish ) . pp. 1E , 4E -- via Google News . Jump up ^ `` El Pollo Loco loses Mexican rights '' . Nation 's Restaurant News . December 4 , 2007 . ( Subscription required ( help ) ) . Jump up ^ `` $22 Million Verdict Against El Pollo Loco '' . QSR Magazine . August 1 , 2007 . Jump up ^ `` Pancho Ochoa Sr. A One of a Kind Restaurateur and Creator of Flavorful Food Concepts '' . Texas Border Business . April 28 , 2015 . Jump up ^ `` Menu '' . El Pollo Loco , S.A. de C.V . Jump up ^ `` Secretaría de Salud revela anomalías en las sucursales de El Pollo Loco : La Secretaría de Salud de Nuevo León emitió un comunicado donde aclara las razones de suspensión de estos restaurantes '' ( Ministry of Health reveals anomalies in El Pollo Loco branches : The Health Ministry of Nuevo León issued a statement clarifying the reasons for suspension of these restaurants ) . Publimetro ( in Spanish ) . January 21 , 2016 . Jump up ^ `` Gobierno suspende negocio del diputado priísta Marco González '' ( Government suspends business of PRI MP Marco González ) . El Horizonte ( in Spanish ) . January 20 , 2016 . External links ( edit ) Official website for American company Official website for Mexican company Chicken - based restaurant chains Global Chester 's Chicken Cottage Church 's / Texas Chicken Dixy Chicken Kenny Rogers Roasters KFC Nando 's Pollo Campero Popeyes Southern Fried Chicken Wienerwald Regional Africa Chicken Licken ( ZA ) Chicken Republic ( NG ) Tastee Fried Chicken ( NG ) Asia Al Baik ( SA ) Al Tazaj ( SA ) Bacolod Chicken Inasal ( PH ) Bonchon Chicken ( KR ) California Fried Chicken ( ID ) The Chicken Rice Shop ( MY ) Dicos ( CN ) Home Original Chicken ( CN ) Jollibee ( PH ) KLG ( TW ) Kyochon ( KR ) Marrybrown ( MY ) Max 's of Manila ( PH ) Mang Inasal ( PH ) Pelicana Chicken ( KR ) SCR ( MY ) TKK Fried Chicken ( TW ) Europe Chicken Cottage ( UK ) Dixy Chicken ( UK ) Morley 's ( UK ) Sam 's Chicken ( UK ) Southern Fried Chicken ( UK ) North America Boston Market Bojangles ' ( US ) Brown 's Chicken & Pasta ( US ) Buffalo Wild Wings Buffalo Wings & Rings Bush 's Chicken ( US ) Chefette ( BB ) Chick - fil - A ( US ) Chicken Express ( US ) Chicken in the Rough ( US ) Chicken Salad Chick ( US ) Cluck - U ( US ) Dixie Lee ( CA ) El Pollo Loco ( US / MX ) Foosackly 's ( US ) Golden Chick ( US ) Golden Skillet ( US ) Guthrie 's Harold 's Chicken Shack Juan Pollo ( US ) Kyochon Lee 's Famous Louisiana Famous Fried Chicken Mary Brown 's ( CA ) Mrs. Winner 's PDQ ( US ) Pioneer Chicken Pollo Palenque Pollo Tropical ( US ) Quaker Steak & Lube Raising Cane 's ( US ) Ranch One Roscoe 's Royal Castle ( TT ) Roy Rogers ( US ) Scores St - Hubert ( CA ) Smithfield 's ( US ) Swiss Chalet ( CA ) Tip - Top Wild Wing Wingstop WingStreet Wing Zone ( US ) Zankou Chicken ( US ) Zaxby 's ( US ) Oceania Chicken Treat ( AU ) Chooks Fresh & Tasty ( AU ) Oporto ( AU ) Red Rooster ( AU ) South and Central America Pollos Frisby ( CO ) Rostipollos ( CR ) List of chicken restaurants Fast food and fast casual restaurant chains in the United States Chicken chains Coffeehouse chains Pizza chains Hamburgers A&W Arctic Circle Back Yard Big Boy BurgerFi Burger King Carl 's Jr . Checkers / Rally 's Cook Out Cheeburger Cheeburger Dairy Queen Fatburger Five Guys Freddy 's Fuddruckers The Habit Hardee 's Hwy 55 In - N - Out Jack in the Box Johnny Rockets Krystal McDonald 's Red Robin Roy Rogers Shake Shack Smashburger Sonic Steak ' n Shake Wayback Wendy 's Whataburger White Castle Asian L&L Hawaiian Barbecue Manchu Wok Panda Express Pei Wei Asian Diner P.F. Chang 's China Bistro Pick Up Stix Baked goods Au Bon Pain Auntie Anne 's Bruegger 's Cheesecake Factory Cinnabon Corner Bakery Cafe Dunkin ' Donuts Einstein Bros . Great American Cookies Honey Dew Donuts Krispy Kreme Mrs. Fields Nestlé Toll House Panera Bread Pretzelmaker / Pretzel Time Shipley Do - Nuts Tim Hortons T.J. Cinnamons Wetzel 's Winchell 's Beverages Argo Tea Biggby Coffee Caribou Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf Coffee Beanery Dunn Bros Gloria Jean 's Jamba Juice Juice It Up ! Orange Julius Peet 's Planet Smoothie Robeks Seattle 's Best Coffee Smoothie King Starbucks Teavana Tropical Smoothie Cafe Tully 's Frozen desserts Baskin - Robbins Ben & Jerry 's Braum 's Bruster 's Carvel Cold Stone Culver 's Dairy Queen Dippin ' Dots Fosters Freeze Friendly 's Golden Spoon Graeter 's Häagen - Dazs Handel 's Kiwi Yogurt MaggieMoo 's Marble Slab Menchie 's Pinkberry Red Mango Rita 's Sweet Frog Tastee - Freez TCBY Tropical Sno Tutti Frutti Yogen Früz Yogurtland Hot dogs Hot Dog on a Stick Nathan 's Famous Portillo 's Wienerschnitzel Mexican - style / Tex - Mex Baja Fresh Cafe Rio Chipotle Del Taco El Pollo Loco Freebirds Green / Red Burrito La Salsa Moe 's Pancheros Qdoba Rubio 's Taco Bell Taco Bueno Taco Cabana Taco del Mar Taco John 's Taco Mayo Taco Time Tijuana Flats Wahoo 's Fish Taco Other Fazoli 's Noodles & Company Skyline Chili Sandwiches Arby 's Atlanta Bread Blimpie Capriotti 's Charley 's Così Cousins D'Angelo Daphne 's Erbert & Gerbert 's Firehouse Subs Great Wraps Jason 's Jerry 's Subs Jersey Mike 's Jimmy John 's Lee 's Sandwiches Lenny 's Sub McAlister 's Deli Miami Subs Newk 's Eatery Penn Station Port of Subs Potbelly Primo Hoagies Quiznos Rax Sandella 's Schlotzsky 's Steak Escape Subway Togo 's Tubby 's Tudor 's Biscuit World Which Wich ? Seafood Arthur Treacher 's Captain D 's H. Salt Esquire Ivar 's Long John Silver 's Skippers Seafood & Chowder House Defunct Bresler 's Brigham 's Burger Chef Carrols D'Lites Druther 's Henry 's Hamburgers Hot ' n Now Hot Sam Pretzels Naugles Red Barn Sandy 's White Tower Zantigo Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=El_Pollo_Loco&oldid=836322582 '' Categories : Fast - food Mexican restaurants Fast - food chains of the United States Fast - food franchises Fast casual restaurants Fast - food poultry restaurants Regional restaurant chains in the United States Restaurants in the Greater Los Angeles Area Restaurants in California Companies based in Costa Mesa , California Retail companies established in 1975 1975 establishments in Mexico 1980 establishments in California Companies listed on NASDAQ Economy of the Southwestern United States 2014 initial public offerings Hidden categories : CS1 Spanish - language sources ( es ) Pages containing links to subscription - only content Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia Talk Contents About Wikipedia Español Français Bahasa Indonesia Italiano Norsk Edit links This page was last edited on 14 April 2018 , at 01 : 40 . 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Question: who is the founder of el pollo loco


Vikings ( season 5 ) - wikipedia Vikings ( season 5 ) Jump to : navigation , search Vikings ( season 5 ) DVD cover art for the season 's first half Country of origin Canada / Ireland No. of episodes 10 Release Original network History Original release Part 1 : November 29 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 29 ) -- January 24 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 24 ) Season chronology ← Previous Season 4 List of Vikings episodes The fifth season of the historical drama television series Vikings premiered on November 29 , 2017 on History in Canada . The series broadly follows the exploits of the legendary Viking chieftain Ragnar Lothbrok and his crew , and later those of his sons . The first season of the series begins at the start of the Viking Age , marked by the Lindisfarne raid in 793 . The fifth season consists of a double order of twenty episodes , split into two parts of ten episodes ; the second half will premiere in 2018 . The premise of the fifth season differs from the previous four after the departure of Travis Fimmel as Ragnar , and it now follows the adventures of his sons . Jonathan Rhys Meyers is introduced as a major character , after his initial appearance in the fourth season 's finale . Contents ( hide ) 1 Cast 1.1 Main 1.2 Recurring 1.3 Guest 2 Episodes 3 Production 3.1 Development 3.2 Casting 3.3 Music 4 Reception 4.1 Critical response 5 Historical inaccuracies 6 References 7 External links Cast ( edit ) Main article : List of Vikings characters Main ( edit ) Katheryn Winnick as Queen Lagertha , a shieldmaiden and Ragnar 's ex-wife ; she is the queen of Kattegat . Gustaf Skarsgård as Floki , a gifted shipbuilder Alexander Ludwig as Bjorn Ironside , Ragnar and Lagertha 's son and Torvi 's husband John Kavanagh as The Seer , the seiðrmann of Kattegat Peter Franzén as King Harald Finehair , a Viking ambitious to become the first King of Norway Jasper Pääkkönen as Halfdan the Black , Harald 's violent younger brother Moe Dunford as King Aethelwulf of Wessex Alex Høgh as Ivar the Boneless , fourth son of Ragnar and Aslaug Marco Ilsø as Hvitserk , second son of Ragnar and Aslaug Jordan Patrick Smith as Ubbe , eldest son of Ragnar and Aslaug Jonathan Rhys Meyers as Bishop Heahmund , a very religious warrior priest Main characters Sigurd , King Ecbert and Athelstan , who all died in previous seasons , briefly appear in `` The Departed '' played by body doubles . Additionally , George Blagden 's voice as Athelstan is heard in `` Full Moon '' , although the actor is uncredited . Recurring ( edit ) Josefin Asplund as Queen Astrid , Lagertha 's lover and , later , King Harald 's wife Ida Marie Nielsen as Margrethe , wife of Ubbe Ferdia Walsh - Peelo as Prince / King Alfred , Queen Judith and Athelstan 's son Georgia Hirst as Torvi , wife of Bjorn and Lagertha 's advisor Jennie Jacques as Queen Judith of Northumbria , daughter of King Aelle , wedded to King Aethelwulf Jonathan Delaney Tynan as Lord Cuthred , a nobleman in service of King Aethelwulf and Bishop Heahmund Keith McErlean as Lord Denewulf , a nobleman in service of Bishop Heahmund Darren Cahill as Prince Aethelred , Queen Judith and King Aethelwulf 's son Ben Roe as Guthrum , Jarl Borg and Torvi 's son Kieran O'Reilly as `` White Hair '' , Ivar 's bodyguard Frankie McCafferty as Sindric , a polyglot drifter Albano Jerónimo as Euphemius , a Byzantine commander Karima McAdams as Kassia , a Byzantine abbess Paul Reid as Mannel , Queen Judith 's cousin Khaled Abol Naga as Emir Ziyadat Allah , an Arab ruler Adam Copeland as Kjetill Flatnose ( / ʃjetil / ) , a violent and bold warrior who joins Floki 's expedition to set up a colony Kris Holden - Ried as Eyvind ( / eɪvɪnd / ) , a Viking of Kattegat who also joins Floki 's expedition Leah McNamara as Aud the Deep - Minded ( / eɪθ / ) , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's daughter Jack McEvoy as Helgi the Lean , Eyvind and Rafarta 's son , who also joins Floki 's expedition Mei Bignall as Thorunn , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's daughter and Helgi 's wife , who also joins Floki 's expedition Kelly Campbell as Ingvild , Kjetill Flatnose 's wife , who also joins Floki 's expedition James Craze as Bul , Eyvind and Rafarta 's son , who also joins Floki 's expedition Elijah Rowen as Asbjorn , who also joins Floki 's expedition Donna Dent as Rafarta , Eyvind 's wife , who also joins Floki 's expedition Rob Malone as Thorgrim , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's son , who also joins Floki 's expedition Scott Graham as Frodi , who also joins Floki 's expedition Tallulah Belle Earley as Jorunn , Kjetill Flatnose and Ingvild 's daughter , who also joins Floki 's expedition Ryan Henson as Hali , who also joins Floki 's expedition Svea Killoran as Asa , who also joins Floki 's expedition Anthony Brophy as King Svase , a Sami chief and an ally of Lagertha Dagny Backer Johnsen as Princess Snaefrid , Svase 's daughter Guest ( edit ) India Mullen as Aethegyth , a noblewoman from Wessex Frank Prendergast as Bishop Cynebert of York Laurence O'Fuarain as Hakon , a whale hunter of Vestfold Bosco Hogan as Lord Abbot of Lindisfarne Mabel Hurley as young Lagertha , appearing in a flashback Ross Matthew Anderson as Lagertha 's father , appearing in a flashback Clive Standen as Duke Rollo , a warrior and Ragnar 's brother ; he was granted the title of Duke of Normandy by Emperor Charles . Episodes ( edit ) See also : List of Vikings episodes No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Part 1 50 51 `` The Departed '' David Wellington Michael Hirst November 29 , 2017 ( 2017 - 11 - 29 ) After Sigurd 's death , Ubbe , Ivar and Hvitserk rule jointly over their newly acquired land in East Anglia . Bjorn and Halfdan sail back to the Mediterranean Sea ; Floki sets sail for the unknown ; King Harald heads back to Kattegat . Meanwhile , Bishop Heahmund arrives at King Ecbert 's villa , celebrates the late sovereign 's funeral , and begins rebuilding the place . Aethelwulf and Judith are in exile with princes Aethelred and Alfred , the latter struck by sickness . Ivar persuades his brothers to go north and conquer the city of York . In Kattegat , Lagertha suggests that Harald was expecting to find Egil in her place , so he could take over the kingdom . Harald confesses and dares that she kill him . After days at sea , Floki finally reaches land , which he believes to be Asgard , the land of the Gods . In Kattegat , Harald is held prisoner by Lagertha . He proposes an alliance with her through marriage , but she refuses and has sex with him while he remained tied up . Harald 's men free him and capture Astrid ; they leave Kattegat and Harald offers Astrid the same proposition that he had to Lagertha . Prince Alfred has a vision in which Athelstan tells him the Vikings are in York , so King Aethelwulf joins forces with Bishop Heahmund . In York , Ivar shows his brothers that he can now stand and walk on his own feet with the help of new leg braces and a crutch . 52 `` Homeland '' Steve Saint Leger Michael Hirst December 6 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 06 ) Floki explores the new land he has encountered . In Norway , Astrid tempts Harald with the possibility of her alliance , whilst resisting his sexual advances . In the Mediterranean , Sindric advises Bjorn to arrive as a trader , with a few ships , and not as a warrior in command of an entire fleet . In England , the Saxons led by King Aethelwulf and Bishop Heahmund attack York , but are led into a trap . Aethelwulf 's son Aethelred is wounded and the Saxons are forced to retreat . Ubbe and Hvitserk propose a peace , but Ivar wants to continue the war . Aethelwulf seemingly accepts their offer , but Heahmund arranges to have the brothers humiliated . With Ubbe having lost face , Ivar secures his position as the leader of the Great Army . Ubbe and Hvitserk prepare to leave for Kattegat with their few followers ; however , at the last minute , Hvitserk defects to join Ivar . 53 `` The Plan '' Steve Saint Leger Michael Hirst December 13 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 13 ) Bjorn reaches Sicily , and agrees to act as bodyguard to its commander Euphemius . However , Sindric discovers that Euphemius is merely a client of the Arab Emir Ziyadat Allah , and Bjorn asks to visit him . Euphemius refuses but is persuaded to agree by Kassia , a famous nun , and they set sail for Kairouan in Africa . Meanwhile , in Kattegat , Ubbe agrees to ally with Lagertha against both Ivar and Harald . In Vestfold , Astrid finally agrees to Harald 's proposal , and they are married . Floki asks the gods for permission to bring settlers to his new land and prepares to sail . Outside York , the Saxons are joined by Judith 's cousin Mannel and his men from Northumbria . Heahmund persuades Aethelwulf to lay siege , and attack only when the Vikings are starving . Inside York , the Vikings pretend to burn bodies , and Ivar humiliates Hvitserk by not sharing his plan . Aethelwulf and Heahmund see the smoke from the fires and enter the apparently deserted city ; Heahmund is concerned that there are rats above ground . 54 5 `` The Prisoner '' Ciarán Donnelly Michael Hirst December 20 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 20 ) In York , Saxon celebrations are cut short when Vikings appear from the sewers and engage in battle . Heahmund is surrounded , but spared by Ivar , and captured . The Vikings retake and garrison the city , as the Saxons retreat . Ivar and Hvitserk sail for Kattegat , taking Heahmund with them . In Africa , Bjorn travels by caravan across the desert to meet Emir Ziyadat Allah , who welcomes him and offers to trade . Euphemius disappears and , at a banquet , the Emir explains that he had defected to support the Emperor and has now been captured and executed . The Vikings realise that Euphemius is the meal they are eating and that Kassia is more powerful than she seems . Bjorn , Halfdan and Sindric are arrested and are about to be executed as a sandstorm approaches . Meanwhile , Floki returns to Kattegat with tales of his fabulous new land and recruits settlers to return , despite Lagertha forbidding him from taking her warriors away . 55 6 `` The Message '' Ciarán Donnelly Michael Hirst December 27 , 2017 ( 2017 - 12 - 27 ) Floki and the settlers prepare for their voyage but are betrayed to Lagertha , who is angry but lets them sail . On reaching the new land , the settlers discover that it is not as fertile as Floki had told them . Margrethe is vexed with Lagertha 's poor leadership ; the Queen threatens to enslave her again if she continues to plot against her . In England , the Saxons have retreated ; Alfred swears at Ecbert 's grave to pursue the former King 's vision of uniting the country . After collapsing during mass , Alfred recovers and decides to make a pilgrimage to Lindisfarne . Ivar returns to meet Harald , and makes an alliance with him ; they plan to attack Kattegat in two months ' time . Ivar threatens and persuades Heahmund to fight with them . Astrid betrays Harald by bribing Hakon , a fisherman , to warn Lagertha . She is blackmailed and raped by the crew , spied by a young boy . Hakon delivers the warning . Meanwhile , in Africa , Bjorn manages to escape during the sandstorm . With Halfdan and Sindric , he sails back to Kattegat . 56 7 `` Full Moon '' Jeff Woolnough Michael Hirst January 3 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 03 ) Alfred reaches Lindisfarne , in search of the memory of his father , and hears his voice as he prays . Floki and the settlers begin creating a settlement near hot springs in their new land . Floki proposes a co-operative , democratic approach , but Eyvind does not trust him and accuses Floki of wanting to be King . Astrid tells Harald that she is pregnant , while Ivar and Heahmund discuss their plan of attack . Bjorn returns to Kattegat , where Lagertha has allied with King Svase of the Sami . Bjorn rejects Torvi and proposes to marry Snaefrid , Svase 's daughter . Lagertha and her allies discuss how to respond to Ivar 's attack , and decide to meet him in battle on land , assuming that he will not attack the town from the sea . Margrethe continues to urge Ubbe to betray Lagertha , so that when she is defeated , he can become King . 57 8 `` The Joke '' Jeff Woolnough Michael Hirst January 10 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 10 ) Alfred returns from Lindisfarne , and argues that the Saxons must build a navy as the only way to stop further Viking incursions . In the new land , Floki proposes building a temple to Thor , but is opposed by Eyvind who warns that they all will starve come winter . Meanwhile , the armies of Lagertha , Bjorn and Ubbe , and of Harald , Ivar and Hvitserk , meet above Kattegat . Lagertha proposes peace talks , but Harald , then Ivar , reject a settlement . Before battle , Ivar takes Astrid and a third of their army towards shore , to protect their fleet . Hvitserk and his group try to flank , but are ambushed in the forest by the Sami . Battle begins , and Bjorn and Lagertha gain the upper hand , as Harald 's forces are outflanked . Ivar hears the fighting , but says it is too late to help . Heahmund is wounded , and Harald retreats . Lagertha refuses to kill Heahmund and orders that his life be saved . 58 9 `` A Simple Story '' Daniel Grou Michael Hirst January 17 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 17 ) In the aftermath of the battle , Heahmund recovers , makes advances and pledges loyalty to Lagertha . Hvitserk secures reinforcements from Rollo , on condition that Bjorn 's life is spared . Bjorn seeks peace with Ivar and Harald , but is rejected ; Ivar moves to have him killed but is stopped by Harald . Ubbe , regretting marrying Margrethe , seeks solace with Torvi and the two have an affair . In Wessex , Aethelwulf dies and Judith persuades Aethelred to reject the throne and instead propose to the Witan that Alfred become king . In Floki 's colony , Thor 's temple is completed , but set afire and destroyed . Thorgrim , Kjetill 's son , accuses Bul , Eyvind 's son , of the arson . In the ensuing struggle , Thorgrim stabs Bul to death . 59 10 `` Moments of Vision '' Daniel Grou Michael Hirst January 24 , 2018 ( 2018 - 01 - 24 ) In Floki 's colony , Floki urges Eyvind to not seek revenge for Bul 's death , offering to make him lawgiver , in exchange for not starting a blood feud . When Thorgrim is found dead , Floki proposes that he be sacrificed to the gods . In Kattegat , Margrethe meets the Seer and reveals her ambitions to become queen . The Seer calls her mad and predicts that she will never be queen of Kattegat . The army of Lagertha faces those of Ivar and Harald . As they do battle , Hvitserk remembers Ivar accusing him of regret for his defection . Hvitserk faces Ubbe on the battlefield , but Ubbe is unable to hurt his brother . Hvitserk kills Guthrum , while Svase and Snaefrid are killed by Harald 's warriors . Astrid finds Lagertha and asks her to kill her , fearing her pregnancy . Lagertha reluctantly complies . Harald kills his brother Halfdan . As Ivar orders the Frankish reserves onto the field , Lagertha and Bjorn retreat . As Bjorn prepares to leave Kattegat , he finds Lagertha broken with her hair turned white . Across the fjord , Rollo arrives . Notes Jump up ^ The first two episodes aired together on History as a two - hour premiere , `` The Departed '' , but were released separately on streaming services and in digital stores , with the first part titled `` The Fisher King '' and the second `` The Departed '' . Production ( edit ) Development ( edit ) An Irish - Canadian co-production presented by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer , the fifth season of Vikings was developed and produced by TM Productions and Take 5 Productions . Morgan O'Sullivan , Sheila Hockin , Sherry Marsh , Alan Gasmer , James Flynn , John Weber , and Michael Hirst are credited as executive producers . This season was produced by Keith Thompson for the first four episodes , and Liz Gill for the fifth to tenth episodes . Bill Goddard and Séamus McInerney act as co-producers . The production team for this season includes casting directors Frank and Nuala Moiselle , costume designer Susan O'Connor Cave , visual effects supervisor Dominic Remane , stunt action designer Richard Ryan , composer Trevor Morris , production designer Mark Geraghty , editors Aaron Marshall for the first , third , fifth and tenth episodes , Tad Seaborn for the second , fourth , sixth and eighth episodes , and Michele Conroy for the seventh and ninth episodes , and cinematographers Pj Dillon for the first and second episodes , Peter Robertson for the third , fourth , seventh , eighth , ninth and tenth episodes , and Suzie Lavelle for the fifth and sixth episodes . Casting ( edit ) At the same time that the series was renewed for a fifth season , it was announced that Irish actor Jonathan Rhys Meyers would be joining the cast , as Heahmund , a `` warrior bishop '' . Vikings creator Michael Hirst , explained : `` I was looking at the history books , and I came across these warrior bishops . The antecedents of the Knights Templar : these are people who were absolutely religious , yet they put on armor and they fought . Do n't let their priestly status fool you , either . They were crazy ! They believed totally in Christianity and the message , and yet , on the battlefield , they were totally berserk . '' Former WWE star Adam Copeland was cast in a recurring role for the fifth season , as Kjetill Flatnose , a violent and bold warrior . He is chosen by Floki to join an expedition to set up a colony in a new land . Irish actor Darren Cahill will play the role of Aethelred in the fifth season . Nigerian actor Stanley Amuzie told local media he had landed a small role in the fifth season . The fifth season will also include Irish actor , musician and real - life police detective , Kieran O'Reilly , who will play the role of `` White Hair '' . In April 2017 it was announced that Danish actor Erik Madsen will join the cast for the fifth season , as King Hemmig . He spent several months of 2016 on the set of The Last Kingdom , portraying a Viking . Music ( edit ) The musical score for the fifth season was composed by Trevor Morris in collaboration with Einar Selvik . The opening sequence is again accompanied by the song `` If I Had a Heart '' by Fever Ray . Additional non-original music by Norwegian music group Wardruna is featured in the episodes `` The Plan '' and `` A Simple Story '' . The featured tracks are `` MannaR - Drivande '' , `` Løyndomsriss '' , and `` Heimta Thurs '' . The episode `` Homeland '' also features an original song titled `` Skidarima '' , written and performed by Einar Selvik . Reception ( edit ) Critical response ( edit ) The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100 % approval rating , with an average rating of 8.12 / 10 based on nine reviews . IGN awarded episode 10 , Moments of Vision , with a rating of 9 out of 10 . Entertainent Weekly gave the episode an `` A '' . Historical inaccuracies ( edit ) In `` A Simple Story '' , Aethelred is portrayed rejecting the throne in favour of his younger brother Alfred . In history , after the death of Aethelwulf three of Alfred 's elder brothers ruled , for two , five and six years respectively , all dying before Alfred took the throne in 871 . Writing in Forbes Magazine , Erik Kain described the storyline as `` just a huge unforced error '' . References ( edit ) Jump up ^ Greg Evans ( July 22 , 2017 ) . `` ' Vikings ' Gets Trailer & Season Premiere Date -- Comic - Con '' . Deadline . Retrieved July 22 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` History ( R ) Orders 20 Episode Sixth Season of Hit Drama Series `` Vikings '' `` . The Futon Critic . September 12 , 2017 . Retrieved October 14 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : `` ' Vikings ' Creator Talks Jonathan Rhys Meyers ' New Character '' . 26 January 2017 . Jump up ^ Tsoumbakos , Rachel ( January 10 , 2017 ) . `` ' VIKINGS , ' SEASON 5 : JONATHAN RHYS MEYERS ROLE IS FINALLY REVEALED '' . Inquisitr.com . Retrieved January 12 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` The Departed ( Part 1 ) '' . Vikings . Season 5 . Episode 1 . 29 November 2017 . Event occurs at 1 : 05 and 8 : 05 . History . Jump up ^ `` The Departed ( Part 2 ) '' . Vikings . Season 5 . Episode 2 . 29 November 2017 . Event occurs at 19 : 05 . History . Jump up ^ `` Vikings : Season 5 - Part 1 on Amazon '' . Retrieved December 2 , 2017 . Jump up ^ `` Vikings , Season 5 on iTunes '' . Retrieved December 2 , 2017 . ^ Jump up to : Vikings . Season 5 . November 2017 . Event occurs at 2 : 00 approximately . History . Jump up ^ `` WWE Hall of Famer Adam Copeland on the Edge of TV Stardom '' . Jump up ^ `` ' Red Rock ' actor Darren Cahill joins ' Vikings ' Season 5 '' . The Irish Film & Television Network . Jump up ^ Izuzu , Chidumga . `` Stanley Aguzie : Nollywood actor lands role in `` Vikings '' `` . Pulse.ng . Jump up ^ `` How do we pitch Ireland as a movie location to Hollywood ? '' . Irish Independent . 17 November 2016 . Retrieved 12 December 2016 . Jump up ^ Petski , Denise ( 12 April 2017 ) . `` ' UnReal ' Casts Tracie Thoms ; Erik Madsen Joins ' Vikings ' '' . Jump up ^ NRK . `` Erik Madsen i ny høvdingrolle i `` Vikings '' `` . Jump up ^ `` Vikings : Season 5 '' . Rotten Tomatoes . Retrieved December 12 , 2017 . Jump up ^ http://www.ign.com/articles/2018/01/25/vikings-moments-of-vision-review Jump up ^ http://ew.com/recap/vikings-season-5-episode-10/ Jump up ^ Kain , Erik . `` ' Vikings ' Season 5 , Episode 9 Review : ' A Simple ( Convoluted ) Story ' '' . Forbes Magazine . Retrieved 1 February 2018 . External links ( edit ) Official website Vikings on IMDb ( hide ) Vikings Episodes Season 1 Season 2 Season 3 Season 4 `` All His Angels '' Season 5 Other Characters Awards and nominations Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vikings_(season_5)&oldid=833482299 '' Categories : 2017 Canadian television seasons 2017 Irish television seasons 2018 Canadian television seasons 2018 Irish television seasons Hidden categories : Official website not in Wikidata Talk Contents About Wikipedia Français Italiano Português Русский Edit links This page was last edited on 31 March 2018 , at 20 : 43 . About Wikipedia

Question: when does the second half of vikings season 5 air


Connective tissue - wikipedia Connective tissue Jump to : navigation , search Connective tissue Section of epididymis . Connective tissue ( blue ) is seen supporting the epithelium ( purple ) Identifiers MeSH D003238 FMA 9640 Anatomical terminology ( edit on Wikidata ) Connective tissue ( CT ) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue , along with epithelial tissue , muscle tissue , and nervous tissue . It develops from the mesoderm . Connective tissue is found in between other tissues everywhere in the body , including the nervous system . In the central nervous system , the three outer membranes ( the meninges ) that envelop the brain and spinal cord are composed of connective tissue . They support and protect the body . All connective tissue consists of three main components : fibers ( elastic and collagenous fibers ) , ground substance and cells . Not all authorities include blood or lymph as connective tissue because they lack the fiber component . All are immersed in the body water . The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts , adipocytes , macrophages , mast cells and leucocytes . Contents ( hide ) 1 Types 1.1 Characteristics 2 Function 2.1 Aging 3 Clinical significance 4 Staining of connective tissue 5 See also 6 Notes and references 7 External links Types ( edit ) Connective tissue can be broadly subdivided into connective tissue proper , and special connective tissue . Connective tissue proper consists of loose connective tissue and dense connective tissue ( which is further subdivided into dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues . ) Loose and dense connective tissue are distinguished by the ratio of ground substance to fibrous tissue . Loose connective tissue has much more ground substance and a relative lack of fibrous tissue , while the reverse is true of dense connective tissue . Dense regular connective tissue , found in structures such as tendons and ligaments , is characterized by collagen fibers arranged in an orderly parallel fashion , giving it tensile strength in one direction . Dense irregular connective tissue provides strength in multiple directions by its dense bundles of fibers arranged in all directions . Special connective tissue consists of reticular connective tissue , adipose tissue , cartilage , bone , and blood . Other kinds of connective tissues include fibrous , elastic , and lymphoid connective tissues . New vascularised connective tissue that forms in the process of wound healing is termed granulation tissue . Fibroblasts are the cells responsible for the production of some CT . Type I collagen is present in many forms of connective tissue , and makes up about 25 % of the total protein content of the mammalian body . Characteristics ( edit ) Characteristics of CT : Cells are spread through an extracellular fluid . Ground substance - A clear , colorless , and viscous fluid containing glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans to fix the body water and the collagen fibers in the intercellular spaces . Ground substance slows the spread of pathogens . Fibers . Not all types of CT are fibrous . Examples of non-fibrous CT include adipose tissue and blood . Adipose tissue gives `` mechanical cushioning '' to the body , among other functions . Although there is no dense collagen network in adipose tissue , groups of adipose cells are kept together by collagen fibers and collagen sheets in order to keep fat tissue under compression in place ( for example , the sole of the foot ) . The matrix of blood is plasma . Both the ground substance and proteins ( fibers ) create the matrix for CT . Connective tissues are derived from the mesenchyme . Types of fibers : Tissue Purpose Components Location Collagenous fibers Bind bones and other tissues to each other Alpha polypeptide chains tendon , ligament , skin , cornea , cartilage , bone , blood vessels , gut , and intervertebral disc . Elastic fibers Allow organs like arteries and lungs to recoil Elastic microfibril and elastin extracellular matrix Reticular fibers Form a scaffolding for other cells Type III collagen liver , bone marrow , and lymphatic organs Function ( edit ) Connective tissue has a wide variety of functions that depend on the types of cells and the different classes of fibers involved . Loose and dense irregular connective tissue , formed mainly by fibroblasts and collagen fibers , have an important role in providing a medium for oxygen and nutrients to diffuse from capillaries to cells , and carbon dioxide and waste substances to diffuse from cells back into circulation . They also allow organs to resist stretching and tearing forces . Dense regular connective tissue , which forms organized structures , is a major functional component of tendons , ligaments and aponeuroses , and is also found in highly specialized organs such as the cornea . Elastic fibers , made from elastin and fibrillin , also provide resistance to stretch forces . They are found in the walls of large blood vessels and in certain ligaments , particularly in the ligamenta flava . In hematopoietic and lymphatic tissues , reticular fibers made by reticular cells provide the stroma -- or structural support -- for the parenchyma -- or functional part -- of the organ . Mesenchyme is a type of connective tissue found in developing organs of embryos that is capable of differentiation into all types of mature connective tissue . Another type of relatively undifferentiated connective tissue is mucous connective tissue , found inside the umbilical cord . Various types of specialized tissues and cells are classified under the spectrum of connective tissue , and are as diverse as brown and white adipose tissue , blood , cartilage and bone . Cells of the immune system , such as macrophages , mast cells , plasma cells and eosinophils are found scattered in loose connective tissue , providing the ground for starting inflammatory and immune responses upon the detection of antigens . Aging ( edit ) Aging - related disorders in connective tissue - rich organs are common and cause major disabilities in the elderly . The production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species appears to be a major determinant of aging ( see Free radical theory of aging ) . Ordinarily mitochondrial superoxide dismutase ( SOD2 ) protects against oxidative stress . Mutant mice with a connective tissue conditional deficiency for ( SOD2 ) have an accelerated aging phenotype . This aging phenotype includes weight loss , skin atrophy , kyphosis ( curvature of the spine ) , osteoporosis , muscle degeneration and reduced life span . Clinical significance ( edit ) Main article : Connective tissue disease There are many types of connective tissue disorders , such as : Connective tissue neoplasms including sarcomas such as hemangiopericytoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in nervous tissue . Congenital diseases include Marfan syndrome and Ehlers - Danlos Syndrome . Myxomatous degeneration -- a pathological weakening of connective tissue . Mixed connective tissue disease -- a disease of the autoimmune system , also undifferentiated connective tissue disease . Systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) -- a major autoimmune disease of connective tissue Scurvy , caused by a deficiency of vitamin C which is necessary for the synthesis of collagen . Staining of connective tissue ( edit ) For microscopic viewing , most of the connective tissue staining - techniques , colour tissue fibers in contrasting shades . Collagen may be differentially stained by any of the following : Van Gieson 's stain Masson 's trichrome stain Mallory 's trichrome stain Aniline blue stain Eosin Reticulin stain See also ( edit ) Endometrium Fascia Parametrium Notes and references ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` Connective Tissue Study Guide '' . 2 January 2013 . Retrieved 26 October 2014 . Jump up ^ Dorland , W.A. Newman ( 2012 ) . Dorland 's Illustrated Medical Dictionary ( 32nd ed . ) . Elsevier . p. 1931 . ISBN 978 - 1 - 4160 - 6257 - 8 . Jump up ^ Shostak , Stanley . `` Connective Tissues '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . Jump up ^ Carol Mattson Porth ; Glenn Matfin ( 1 October 2010 ) . Essentials of Pathophysiology : Concepts of Altered Health States . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins . pp. 24 -- . ISBN 978 - 1 - 58255 - 724 - 3 . Retrieved 11 May 2011 . Jump up ^ Potter , Hugh . `` The Connective Tissues '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . Jump up ^ Caceci , Thomas . `` Connective Tisues '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . Jump up ^ King , David . `` Histology Intro '' . Retrieved 9 December 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Granulation Tissue Definition '' . Memidex . Retrieved 7 May 2016 . Jump up ^ Di Lullo ; G.A. ( 2002 ) . `` Mapping the Ligand - binding Sites and Disease - associated Mutations on the Most Abundant Protein in the Human , Type I Collagen '' . Journal of Biological Chemistry . 277 ( 6 ) : 4223 -- 31 . doi : 10.1074 / jbc. M110709200 . PMID 11704682 . Jump up ^ Xu , H. ; et al. ( 2008 ) . `` Monitoring Tissue Engineering Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging '' . Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering. 106 ( 6 ) : 515 -- 527 . doi : 10.1263 / jbb. 106.515 . PMID 19134545 . Jump up ^ Laclaustra , M. ; et al. ( 2007 ) . `` Metabolic syndrome pathophysiology : The role of adiposetissue '' . Nutrition , Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases . 17 ( 2 ) : 125 -- 139 . doi : 10.1016 / j. numecd. 2006.10. 005 . PMID 17270403 . ^ Jump up to : Ross M , Pawlina W ( 2011 ) . Histology : A Text and Atlas ( 6th ed . ) . Lippincott Williams & Wilkins . pp. 158 -- 197 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 7817 - 7200 - 6 . Jump up ^ Young B , Woodford P , O'Dowd G ( 2013 ) . Wheater 's Functional Histology : A Text and Colour Atlas ( 6th ed . ) . Elsevier . p. 65 . ISBN 978 - 0702047473 . Jump up ^ Treiber N , Maity P , Singh K , Kohn M , Keist AF , Ferchiu F , Sante L , Frese S , Bloch W , Kreppel F , Kochanek S , Sindrilaru A , Iben S , Högel J , Ohnmacht M , Claes LE , Ignatius A , Chung JH , Lee MJ , Kamenisch Y , Berneburg M , Nikolaus T , Braunstein K , Sperfeld AD , Ludolph AC , Briviba K , Wlaschek M , Florin L , Angel P , Scharffetter - Kochanek K ( April 2011 ) . `` Accelerated aging phenotype in mice with conditional deficiency for mitochondrial superoxide dismutase in the connective tissue '' . Aging Cell. 10 ( 2 ) : 239 -- 54 . doi : 10.1111 / j. 1474 - 9726.2010. 00658. x . PMID 21108731 . External links ( edit ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to Connective tissues . Encyclopædia Britannica , Connective Tissue Overview at kumc.edu UIUC Histology Subject 230 Connective tissue atlas at uiowa.edu Questions and Answers about Heritable Disorders of Connective Tissue - US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Connective Tissue Photomicrographs Biological tissues Animals Epithelial Connective Muscular Nervous Plants Dermal tissue : Epidermis Cuticle Pavement cell Guard cell Subsidiary cell Periderm Phellem Phelloderm Vascular tissue : Phloem Sieve tube Companion cell Phloem fiber Phloem parenchyma Xylem Tracheid Vessel element Xylem fiber Xylem parenchyma Ground tissue : Parenchyma Aerenchyma Chlorenchyma Mesophyll Pith Collenchyma Sclerenchyma Sclereid Fiber Meristematic tissue : Primary Protoderm Procambium Ground meristem Secondary Cork cambium Vascular cambium Mixed : Cortex Exodermis Endodermis Stele Histology Connective tissue Physiology Soft tissue Fibrosis Scarring Composition Cells Resident Fibroblast Fibrocyte Reticular cell Tendon cell Adipocyte Melanocyte Wandering cells Mast cell Macrophage Extracellular matrix Ground substance Tissue fluid Fibers Collagen fibers Reticular fibers COL3A1 Elastic fibers Elastin Fibrillin FBN1 FBN2 FBN3 EMILIN1 Elaunin Types Proper Loose Reticular Adipose Brown White Dense Dense irregular connective tissue Submucosa Dermis Dense regular connective tissue Ligament Tendon Aponeurosis Embryonic Mucoid Mesenchymal Specialized Cartilage Bone Biology portal Medicine portal Neuroscience portal GND : 4006725 - 7 NDL : 00565679 Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Connective_tissue&oldid=836790448 '' Categories : Connective tissue Hidden categories : Pages with unresolved properties Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers Use dmy dates from April 2017 Talk Contents About Wikipedia Afrikaans Asturianu বাংলা Беларуская Български Bosanski Català Čeština Cymraeg Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto Euskara فارسی Français Gaeilge Galego 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Interlingua Íslenska Italiano עברית ქართული Қазақша Kurdî Кыргызча Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски Bahasa Melayu Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk Norsk nynorsk Oromoo Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча Plattdüütsch Polski Português Română Русский Scots සිංහල Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina کوردی Српски / srpski Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски Suomi Svenska தமிழ் తెలుగు ไทย Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt 粵語 中文 61 more Edit links This page was last edited on 16 April 2018 , at 21 : 20 . 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Question: where is connective tissue found in the body