The Lord of the Rings ( film series ) - wikipedia The Lord of the Rings ( film series ) Jump to : navigation , search This article is about the film series released between 2001 and 2003 . For other films based on The Lord of the Rings , see Middle - earth in film . The Lord of the Rings The poster for the series is a montage that features a range of characters and scenes from all three films Directed by Peter Jackson Produced by Peter Jackson Barrie M. Osborne Fran Walsh Tim Sanders Screenplay by Peter Jackson Fran Walsh Philippa Boyens Stephen Sinclair ( The Two Towers ) Based on The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien Starring Elijah Wood Ian McKellen Liv Tyler Viggo Mortensen Sean Astin Cate Blanchett John Rhys - Davies Bernard Hill Billy Boyd Dominic Monaghan Orlando Bloom Christopher Lee Hugo Weaving Miranda Otto David Wenham Brad Dourif Karl Urban John Noble Sean Bean Ian Holm Andy Serkis ( See below ) Music by Howard Shore Cinematography Andrew Lesnie Edited by John Gilbert ( The Fellowship of the Ring ) Michael J. Horton Jabez Olssen ( The Two Towers ) Jamie Selkirk ( The Return of the King ) Production company WingNut Films The Saul Zaentz Company Distributed by New Line Cinema Release date 19 December 2001 ( 2001 - 12 - 19 ) ( The Fellowship of the Ring ) 18 December 2002 ( 2002 - 12 - 18 ) ( The Two Towers ) 17 December 2003 ( 2003 - 12 - 17 ) ( The Return of the King ) Running time 558 minutes ( theatrical edition length ) Country New Zealand United States Language English Budget $281,000,000 Box office $2,917,506,956 The Lord of the Rings is a film series consisting of three high fantasy adventure films directed by Peter Jackson . They are based on the novel The Lord of the Rings by J.R.R. Tolkien . The films are subtitled The Fellowship of the Ring ( 2001 ) , The Two Towers ( 2002 ) and The Return of the King ( 2003 ) . They are a New Zealand - American venture produced by WingNut Films and The Saul Zaentz Company and distributed by New Line Cinema . Considered to be one of the biggest and most ambitious film projects ever undertaken , with an overall budget of $281 million ( some sources say $310 - $330 million ) , the entire project took eight years , with the filming for all three films done simultaneously and entirely in New Zealand , Jackson 's native country , resulting in 1 in every 160 New Zealanders being part of the production of the trilogy . Each film in the series also had special extended editions released on DVD a year after their respective theatrical releases . While the films follow the book 's general storyline , they do omit some of the novel 's plot elements and include some additions to and deviations from the source material . Set in the fictional world of Middle - earth , the films follow the hobbit Frodo Baggins ( Elijah Wood ) as he and the Fellowship embark on a quest to destroy the One Ring , and thus ensure the destruction of its maker , the Dark Lord Sauron . The Fellowship eventually splits up and Frodo continues the quest together with his loyal companion Sam ( Sean Astin ) and the treacherous Gollum ( Andy Serkis ) . Meanwhile , Aragorn ( Viggo Mortensen ) , heir in exile to the throne of Gondor , Legolas , Gimli , Merry , and Pippin , and the wizard Gandalf ( Ian McKellen ) unite to rally the Free Peoples of Middle - earth in the War of the Ring . The series was received with overwhelming praise and was a major financial success , with the films collectively being among the highest - grossing film series of all time . The films were critically acclaimed and heavily awarded , winning 17 out of 30 total Academy Award nominations . The final film in the series , The Return of the King , won all 11 of its Academy Award nominations including Best Picture , which also tied it with Ben - Hur and Titanic for most Academy Awards received for a film . The series received wide praise for its innovative special and visual effects . Contents ( hide ) 1 Development 2 Production design 3 Filming 4 Cast 4.1 The Fellowship of the Ring 4.2 The Shire and Bree 4.3 Rivendell and Lothlórien 4.4 Rohan and Gondor 4.5 Isengard and Mordor 4.6 Historical figures 5 Post-production 5.1 Editing 5.2 Music 5.3 Sound 5.4 Special effects 6 Releases 6.1 Theatrical 6.2 Home media 7 Reception 7.1 Box office performance 7.2 Public and critical response 7.3 Academy Awards 7.4 Reactions to changes in the films from the books 7.5 Legacy 8 Video games 9 The Hobbit 10 See also 11 References 12 External links Development ( edit ) Director Peter Jackson first came into contact with The Lord of the Rings when he saw Ralph Bakshi 's 1978 animated film The Lord of the Rings . Jackson `` enjoyed the film and wanted to know more . '' Afterwards , he read a tie - in edition of the book during a twelve - hour train journey from Wellington to Auckland when he was seventeen . In 1995 , Jackson was finishing The Frighteners and considered The Lord of the Rings as a new project , wondering `` why nobody else seemed to be doing anything about it '' . With the new developments in computer - generated imagery following Jurassic Park , Jackson set about planning a fantasy film that would be relatively serious and feel real . By October , he and his partner Fran Walsh teamed up with Miramax Films boss Harvey Weinstein to negotiate with Saul Zaentz who had held the rights to the book since the early 1970s , pitching an adaptation of The Hobbit and two films based on The Lord of the Rings . Negotiations then stalled when Universal Studios offered Jackson a remake of King Kong . Weinstein was furious , and further problems arose when it turned out Zaentz did not have distribution rights to The Hobbit ; United Artists , which was in the market , did . By April 1996 , the rights question was still not resolved . Jackson decided to move ahead with King Kong before filming The Lord of the Rings , prompting Universal to enter a deal with Miramax to receive foreign earnings from The Lord of the Rings while Miramax received foreign earnings from King Kong . It was also revealed that Jackson originally wanted to finish King Kong before The Lord of the Rings began . But due to location problems , he decided to start with The Lord of the Rings franchise instead . When Universal cancelled King Kong in 1997 , Jackson and Walsh immediately received support from Weinstein and began a six - week process of sorting out the rights . Jackson and Walsh asked Costa Botes to write a synopsis of the book and they began to re-read the book . Two to three months later , they had written their treatment . The first film would have dealt with what would become The Fellowship of the Ring , The Two Towers , and the beginning of The Return of the King , ending with Saruman 's death , and Gandalf and Pippin going to Minas Tirith . In this treatment , Gwaihir and Gandalf visit Edoras after escaping Saruman , Gollum attacks Frodo when the Fellowship is still united , and Farmer Maggot , Glorfindel , Radagast , Elladan and Elrohir are present . Bilbo attends the Council of Elrond , Sam looks into Galadriel 's mirror , Saruman is redeemed before he dies and the Nazgûl just make it into Mount Doom before they fall . They presented their treatment to Harvey and Bob Weinstein , the latter of whom they focused on impressing with their screenwriting as he had not read the book . They agreed upon two films and a total budget of $75 million . During mid-1997 , Jackson and Walsh began writing with Stephen Sinclair . Sinclair 's partner , Philippa Boyens , was a major fan of the book and joined the writing team after reading their treatment . It took 13 -- 14 months to write the two film scripts , which were 147 and 144 pages respectively . Sinclair left the project due to theatrical obligations . Amongst their revisions , Sam is caught eavesdropping and forced to go along with Frodo , instead of Sam , Merry , and Pippin figuring out about the One Ring themselves and voluntarily going along after confronting Frodo about it , as occurs in the original novel . Gandalf 's account of his time at Orthanc was pulled out of flashback and Lothlórien was cut , with Galadriel doing what she does in the story at Rivendell . Denethor attends the Council with his son . Other changes included having Arwen rescue Frodo , and the action sequence involving the cave troll . The writers also considered having Arwen absorb Éowyn 's role entirely by having her kill the Witch - king . Trouble struck when Marty Katz was sent to New Zealand . Spending four months there , he told Miramax that the films were more likely to cost $150 million , and with Miramax unable to finance this , and with $15 million already spent , they decided to merge the two films into one . On 17 June 1998 , Bob Weinstein presented a treatment of a single two - hour film version of the book . He suggested cutting Bree and the Battle of Helm 's Deep , `` losing or using '' Saruman , merging Rohan and Gondor with Éowyn as Boromir 's sister , shortening Rivendell and Moria as well as having Ents prevent the Uruk - hai from kidnapping Merry and Pippin . Upset by the idea of `` cutting out half the good stuff '' Jackson balked , and Miramax declared that any script or work completed by Weta Workshop was theirs . Jackson went around Hollywood for four weeks , showing a thirty - five - minute video of their work , before meeting with New Line Cinema 's Mark Ordesky . At New Line Cinema , Robert Shaye viewed the video , and then asked why they were making two films when the book was published as three volumes ( this was later corrected : New Line only made this choice out of economical reasons ) ; he wanted to make a film trilogy . Now Jackson , Walsh , and Boyens had to write three new scripts . The expansion to three films allowed much more creative freedom , although Jackson , Walsh , and Boyens had to restructure their script accordingly . The three films do not correspond exactly to the trilogy 's three volumes , but rather represent a three - part adaptation . Jackson takes a more chronological approach to the story than did Tolkien . Frodo 's quest is the main focus , and Aragorn is the main sub-plot , and many sequences ( such as Tom Bombadil ) that do not contribute directly to those two plots were left out . Much effort was put into creating satisfactory conclusions and making sure exposition did not bog down the pacing . Amongst new sequences , there are also expansions on elements Tolkien kept ambiguous , such as the battles and the creatures . During shooting , the screenplays continued to evolve , in part due to contributions from cast members looking to further explore their characters . Most notable amongst these rewrites was the character Arwen , who was originally planned as a warrior princess , but reverted to her book counterpart , who remains physically inactive in the story ( though she sends moral and military support ) . To develop fight and sword choreography for the series , the filmmakers employed Hollywood sword - master Bob Anderson . Anderson worked directly with the talent including Viggo Mortensen and Karl Urban to develop the film 's many sword fights and stunts . Bob Anderson 's role in The Lord of the Rings series was highlighted in the film Reclaiming the Blade . This documentary on sword martial arts also featured Weta Workshop and Richard Taylor , The Lord of the Rings illustrator John Howe and actors Viggo Mortensen and Karl Urban . All discussed their roles and work on the series as related to the sword . Production design ( edit ) Alan Lee at Worldcon 2005 in Glasgow , August 2005 . Main article : Production design of The Lord of the Rings film series Jackson began storyboarding the series with Christian Rivers in August 1997 and assigned his crew to begin designing Middle - earth at the same time . Jackson hired long - time collaborator Richard Taylor to lead Weta Workshop on five major design elements : armour , weapons , prosthetics / make - up , creatures , and miniatures . In November 1997 , famed Tolkien illustrators Alan Lee and John Howe joined the project . Most of the imagery in the films is based on their various illustrations . Production designer Grant Major was charged with the task of converting Lee and Howe 's designs into architecture , creating models of the sets , while Dan Hennah worked as art director , scouting locations and organising the building of sets . Jackson 's vision of Middle - earth was described as being `` Ray Harryhausen meets David Lean '' by Randy Cook . Jackson wanted a gritty realism and historical regard for the fantasy , and attempted to make the world rational and believable . For example , the New Zealand Army helped build Hobbiton months before filming began so the plants could really grow . Creatures were designed to be biologically believable , such as the enormous wings of the fell beast to help it fly . In total , 48,000 pieces of armour , 500 bows , and 10,000 arrows were created by Weta Workshop . They also created many prosthetics , such as 1,800 pairs of Hobbit feet for the lead actors , as well as many ears , noses , and heads for the cast , and around 19,000 costumes were woven and aged . Every prop was specially designed by the Art Department , taking the different scales into account . Filming ( edit ) Main article : Principal photography of The Lord of the Rings film series A helmet of the Rohirrim . Principal photography for all three films was conducted concurrently in many locations within New Zealand 's conservation areas and national parks . Filming took place between 11 October 1999 and 22 December 2000 , a period of 438 days . Pick - up shoots were conducted annually from 2001 to 2003 . The series was shot at over 150 different locations , with seven different units shooting , as well as soundstages around Wellington and Queenstown . Along with Jackson directing the whole production , other unit directors included John Mahaffie , Geoff Murphy , Fran Walsh , Barrie Osbourne , Rick Porras , and any other assistant director , producer , or writer available . Jackson monitored these units with live satellite feeds , and with the added pressure of constant script re-writes and the multiple units interpreting his envisioned result , he only got around four hours of sleep a night . Due to the remoteness of some of the locations , the crew would also bring survival kits in case helicopters could not reach the location to bring them home in time . The New Zealand Department of Conservation was criticised for approving the filming within national parks without adequate consideration of the adverse environmental effects and without public notification . The adverse effects of filming battle scenes in Tongariro National Park meant that the park later required restoration work . Cast ( edit ) See also : Middle - earth in film § Cast The following is a list of cast members who voiced or portrayed characters appearing in the extended version of The Lord of the Rings film series . ( hide ) Character Film The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King 2002 2003 The Fellowship of the Ring ( edit ) Frodo Baggins Elijah Wood Aragorn Viggo Mortensen Boromir Sean Bean Meriadoc `` Merry '' Brandybuck Dominic Monaghan Samwise Gamgee Sean Astin Gandalf Ian McKellen Gimli John Rhys - Davies Legolas Orlando Bloom Peregrin `` Pippin '' Took Billy Boyd The Shire and Bree ( edit ) Bilbo Baggins Ian Holm Ian Holm Mrs. Bracegirdle Lori Dungey Barliman Butterbur David Weatherley Rosie Cotton Sarah McLeod Sarah McLeod Gaffer Gamgee Norman Forsey Norman Forsey Elanor Gamgee Alexandra Astin Bree Gate - Keeper Martyn Sanderson Farmer Maggot Cameron Rhodes Old Noakes Bill Johnson Everard Proudfoot Noel Appleby Noel Appleby Mrs. Proudfoot Megan Edwards Otho Sackville Peter Corrigan Lobelia Sackville - Baggins Elizabeth Moody Ted Sandyman Brian Sergent Rivendell and Lothlórien ( edit ) Arwen Liv Tyler Elf escort ( a.k.a. Figwit ) Bret McKenzie Bret McKenzie Lord Celeborn Marton Csokas Marton Csokas Lord Elrond Hugo Weaving Lady Galadriel Cate Blanchett Haldir Craig Parker Rúmil Jørn Benzon Rohan and Gondor ( edit ) Damrod Alistair Browning Denethor John Noble Éomer Karl Urban Éothain Sam Comery Éowyn Miranda Otto Faramir David Wenham Freda Olivia Tennet Gamling Bruce Hopkins Grimbold Bruce Phillips Háma John Leigh Haleth Calum Gittins Irolas Ian Hughes King of the Dead Paul Norell Madril John Bach Morwen Robyn Malcolm King Théoden Bernard Hill Théodred Paris Howe Strewe Treebeard John Rhys - Davies ( voice ) Isengard and Mordor ( edit ) Sméagol / Gollum Andy Serkis Gorbag Stephen Ure Gothmog Lawrence Makoare Craig Parker ( voice ) Gríma Wormtongue Brad Dourif Grishnákh Stephen Ure Lurtz Lawrence Makoare Mauhúr Robbie Magasiva Andy Serkis ( voice ) Mouth of Sauron Bruce Spence The One Ring Alan Howard ( voice ) Alan Howard ( voice ) Saruman Christopher Lee Sauron Sala Baker Alan Howard ( voice ) Sala Baker Alan Howard ( voice ) Shagrat Peter Tait Sharku Jed Brophy Snaga Jed Brophy Andy Serkis ( voice ) Uglúk Nathaniel Lees Witch - king of Angmar Brent McIntyre Andy Serkis ( voice ) Lawrence Makoare Historical figures ( edit ) Déagol Thomas Robins ( hand only ) Thomas Robins Elendil Peter McKenzie Gil - galad Mark Ferguson Isildur Harry Sinclair Harry Sinclair Post-production ( edit ) An example of Elvish armour from the films . Each film had the benefit of a full year of post-production time before its respective December release , often finishing in October -- November , with the crew immediately going to work on the next film . In this period 's later part , Jackson would move to London to supervise the scoring and continue editing , while having a computer feed for discussions to The Dorchester Hotel , and a `` fat pipe '' of Internet connections from Pinewood Studios to look at the special effects . He had a video link and 5.1 surround sound to organise meetings , and listen to new music and sound effects generally wherever he was . The extended editions also had a tight schedule at the start of each year to complete special effects and music . Editing ( edit ) To avoid pressure , Jackson hired a different editor for each film . John Gilbert worked on the first film , Mike Horton and Jabez Olssen on the second and longtime Jackson collaborator Jamie Selkirk and Annie Collins on the third . Daily rushes would often last up to four hours , with scenes being done throughout 1999 -- 2002 for the rough ( 41⁄2 hours ) assemblies of the films . In total , 1828 km ( six million feet ) of film was edited down to the 11 hours and 23 minutes ( 683 minutes ) of Extended running time . This was the final area of shaping of the films , when Jackson realised that sometimes the best scripting could be redundant on screen , as he picked apart scenes every day from multiple takes . The first film 's editing was relatively easygoing , with Jackson coming up with the concept of an Extended Edition later on , although after a screening to New Line they had to re-edit the beginning for a prologue . The Two Towers was always acknowledged by the crew as the most difficult film to make , as `` it had no beginning or end '' , and had the additional problem of inter-cutting storylines appropriately . Jackson even continued editing the film when that part of the schedule officially ended , resulting in some scenes , including the reforging of Andúril , Gollum 's back - story , and Saruman 's demise , being moved to The Return of the King . Later , Saruman 's demise was cut from the theatrical edition ( but included in the Extended edition ) when Jackson felt it was not starting the third film effectively enough . As with all parts of the third film 's post-production , editing was very chaotic . The first time Jackson actually saw the completed film was at the Wellington premiere . Many filmed scenes remain unused , even in the Extended Editions . Promotional material for The Fellowship of the Ring contained an attack by Orcs from Moria on Lothlórien after the Fellowship leaves Moria , replaced with a more suspenseful entrance for the Fellowship . Also cut were scenes from the book , including Frodo seeing more of Middle - earth at Parth Galen and an extended Council of Elrond , and new scenes with an attack upon Frodo and Sam at the river Anduin by an Uruk - hai . The major cut to The Two Towers featured Arwen and Elrond visiting Galadriel at Lothlórien , with Arwen then leading the Elven reinforcements to Helm 's Deep . This scene , and a flashback to Arwen and Aragorn 's first meeting , was cut during a revision of the film 's plot ; the Elves ' appearance was explained with a telepathic communication between Elrond and Galadriel . Éowyn was to have a greater role in defending the refugees in the Glittering Caves from Uruk - hai intruders , while in Osgiliath , Faramir was to have a vision of Frodo becoming like Gollum , with Frodo and Sam having an extended fight sequence . Filmed for The Return of the King were two scenes present in the book ; Sam using the Phial of Galadriel to pass the Watchers at Cirith Ungol , and further epilogue footage , with endings for Legolas and Gimli , Éowyn and Faramir 's wedding and Aragorn 's death and funeral . Sauron was to fight Aragorn at the Black Gate , but with Jackson deciding the scene was inappropriate , a computer - generated Troll was used instead . To give context for Wormtongue killing Saruman , and Legolas in turn killing Wormtongue , it was to be revealed Wormtongue poisoned Théodred . The final scene cut was Aragorn having his armour fitted for the Battle of the Black Gate by the trilogy 's armourers , which was the final scene filmed during principal photography . Peter Jackson has stated that he would like to include some of these unused scenes in a future `` Ultimate Edition '' home video release , also including out - takes . Music ( edit ) Main article : Music of The Lord of the Rings film series Howard Shore composed , orchestrated , conducted , and produced the trilogy 's music . Howard Shore composed , orchestrated , conducted , and produced the trilogy 's music . He was hired in August 2000 and visited the set , and watched the assembly cuts of The Fellowship of the Ring and The Return of the King . In the music , Shore included many ( 85 to 110 ) leitmotifs to represent various characters , cultures , and places - the largest catalogue of leitmotives in the history of cinema , surpassing - for comparison - that of the entire Star Wars saga . For example , there are multiple leitmotifs just for the hobbits and the Shire . Although the first film had some of its score recorded in Wellington , virtually all of the trilogy 's score was recorded in Watford Town Hall and mixed at Abbey Road Studios . Jackson planned to advise the score for six weeks each year in London , though for The Two Towers he stayed for twelve . As a Beatles fan , Jackson had a photo tribute done there on the zebra crossing . The score is primarily played by the London Philharmonic Orchestra ( ranging from 93 to 120 players throughout the recording ) , London Voices , London Oratory School Schola boy choir , and many artists such as Ben Del Maestro , Enya , Renée Fleming , James Galway , Annie Lennox and Emilíana Torrini contributed . Even actors Billy Boyd , Viggo Mortensen , Liv Tyler , Miranda Otto ( extended cuts only for the latter two ) , and Peter Jackson ( for a single gong sound in the second film ) contributed to the score . Fran Walsh and Philippa Boyens served as librettists , writing lyrics to various music and songs , which David Salo translated into Tolkien 's languages . The third film 's end song , `` Into the West '' , was a tribute to a young filmmaker Jackson and Walsh befriended named Cameron Duncan , who died of cancer in 2003 . Shore composed a main theme for The Fellowship rather than many different character themes , and its strength and weaknesses in volume are depicted at different points in the series . On top of that , individual themes were composed to represent different cultures . Infamously , the amount of music Shore had to write every day for the third film increased dramatically to around seven minutes . The music for the series turned out to be a success and has been voted best movie soundtrack of all time for the six years running , passing Schindler 's List , Gladiator , Star Wars ( 1977 ) , and Out of Africa respectively . Sound ( edit ) Sound technicians spent the early part of the year trying to find the right sounds . Some , such as animal sounds like those of tigers and walruses , were bought . Human voices were also used . Fran Walsh contributed to the Nazgûl scream and David Farmer the Warg howls . Other sounds were unexpected : the fell beast 's screech is taken from that of a donkey , and the mûmakil 's bellow comes from the beginning and end of a lion 's roar . In addition , ADR was used for most of the dialogue . The technicians worked with New Zealand locals to get many of the sounds . They re-recorded sounds in abandoned tunnels for an echo - like effect in the Moria sequence . 20,000 New Zealand cricket fans provided the sound of the Uruk - hai army in The Two Towers , with Jackson acting as conductor during the innings break of a one - day international cricket match between England and New Zealand at Westpac Stadium . They spent time recording sounds in a graveyard at night , and also had construction workers drop stone blocks for the sounds of boulders firing and landing in The Return of the King . Mixing took place between August and November at `` The Film Mix '' , before Jackson commissioned the building of a new studio in 2003 . The building , however , had not yet been fully completed when they started mixing for The Return of the King . Special effects ( edit ) Main article : Special effects of The Lord of the Rings film series The first film has around 540 effect shots , the second 799 , and the third 1,488 ( 2,730 in total ) . The total increases to 3,420 with the extended editions . 260 visual effect artists began work on the series , and the number doubled by The Two Towers . The crew , led by Jim Rygiel and Randy Cook , worked long hours , often overnight , to produce special effects within a short space of time . Jackson 's active imagination was a driving force . For example , several major shots of Helm 's Deep were produced within the last six weeks of post-production of The Two Towers , and the same happened again within the last six weeks on The Return of the King . Releases ( edit ) Theatrical ( edit ) The trilogy 's online promotional trailer was first released on 27 April 2000 , and set a new record for download hits , registering 1.7 million hits in the first 24 hours of its release . The trailer used a selection from the soundtrack for Braveheart and The Shawshank Redemption among other cuts . In 2001 , 24 minutes of footage from the series , primarily the Moria sequence , was shown at the Cannes Film Festival , and was very well received . The showing also included an area designed to look like Middle - earth . The Fellowship of the Ring was released 19 December 2001 . It grossed $47 million in its U.S. opening weekend and made around $871 million worldwide . A preview of The Two Towers was inserted just before the end credits near the end of the film 's theatrical run . A promotional trailer was later released , containing music re-scored from the film Requiem for a Dream . The Two Towers was released 18 December 2002 . It grossed $62 million in its first U.S. weekend and out - grossed its predecessor with $926 million worldwide . The promotional trailer for The Return of the King was debuted exclusively before the New Line Cinema film Secondhand Lions on 23 September 2003 . Released 17 December 2003 , its first U.S. weekend gross was $72 million , and became the second film ( after Titanic ) to gross over $1 billion worldwide . Home media ( edit ) The first two films were released on standard two - disc edition DVDs containing previews of the next film . The success of the theatrical cuts brought about four - disc Extended Editions , with new editing , added special effects and music . The extended cuts of the films and the included special features were spread over two discs , and a limited collector 's edition was also released . The Fellowship of the Ring was released on 12 November 2002 , containing 30 minutes more footage , an Alan Lee painting of the Fellowship entering Moria , and the Moria Gate on the back of the sleeve ; an Argonath - styled bookend was included with the Collector 's Edition . The Two Towers , released on 18 November 2003 , contained 44 minutes extra footage and a Lee painting of Gandalf the White 's entrance ; the Collector 's Edition contained a Sméagol statue , with a crueller - looking statue of his Gollum persona available by order for a limited time . The Return of the King was released on 14 December 2004 , having 51 minutes more footage , a Lee painting of the Grey Havens and a model of Minas Tirith for the Collector 's Edition , with Minas Morgul available by order for a limited time . The Special Extended DVD Editions also had in - sleeve maps of the Fellowship 's travels . They have also played at cinemas , most notably for a 16 December 2003 marathon screening ( dubbed `` Trilogy Tuesday '' ) culminating in a late afternoon screening of the third film . Attendees of `` Trilogy Tuesday '' were given a limited edition keepsake from Sideshow Collectibles containing one random frame of film from each of the three movies . Both versions were put together in a Limited Edition `` branching '' version , plus a new feature - length documentary by Costa Botes . The complete series was released in a six - disc set on 14 November 2006 . Warner Bros. released the trilogy 's theatrical versions on Blu - ray Disc in a boxed set on 6 April 2010 . An extended edition Blu - ray box set was made available for pre-order from Amazon.com in March 2011 and was released on 28 June 2011 . Each film 's extended Blu - ray version is identical to the extended DVD version ; the total running time is longer due to added credit sequence listing the names of `` Lord of the Rings fan - club members '' who contributed to the project . In 2014 , brand new Blu - ray steelbook editions of the five - disc Extended Editions were released . The first , The Fellowship of the Ring , was released on 24 March 2014 . The discs are identical to those found in the previous five - disc Blu - ray set . Film Theatrical edition length Extended edition length The Fellowship of the Ring 178 mins 208 mins ( 228 with additional credits ) The Two Towers 179 mins 223 mins ( 235 with additional credits ) The Return of the King 200 mins 251 mins ( 263 with additional credits ) Reception ( edit ) Box Office performance ( edit ) Film Release date Box office revenue Box office ranking Budget Reference North America Other territories Worldwide All time North America All time worldwide The Fellowship of the Ring 19 December 2001 $315.544. 750 $555.985. 574 $871.530. 324 No. 32 # 76 No. 37 $93.000. 000 The Two Towers 18 December 2002 $342.551. 365 $583.495. 746 $926.047. 111 No. 22 # 61 No. 29 $94.000. 000 The Return of the King 17 December 2003 $377.845. 905 $742.083. 616 $1.119. 929.521 No. 17 # 52 No. 8 $94.000. 000 Total $1.035. 942.020 $1.881. 564.936 $2.917. 506.956 $281.000. 000 List indicator ( s ) indicates the adjusted ranks based on current ticket prices ( calculated by Box Office Mojo ) . Public and critical response ( edit ) Unadjusted for inflation , The Lord of the Rings film series is the highest - grossing film trilogy worldwide of all time , higher even than other film franchises such as the original Star Wars trilogy and The Godfather trilogy . The film series grossed a total of $2.91 billion and also tied a record with Ben - Hur and Titanic for the total number of Academy Awards won for a single film , with The Return of the King receiving eleven Oscars . The majority of critics have also praised the series , with Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times writing that `` the trilogy will not soon , if ever , find its equal '' . Some were critical of the films ' pacing and length : `` It 's a collection of spectacular set pieces without any sense of momentum driving them into one another '' according to Philadelphia Weekly . On Rotten Tomatoes , the films received approval ratings of 91 % , 95 % , and 93 % respectively . Metacritic , based on its ratings for each film ( 92 , 87 , and 94 respectively ) , features the series within the top ten of the best films of the decade . As of July 2016 , every film is placed in the top 200 of Metacritic 's ' Best Movies of all Time ' list . In CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend , cinema audiences gave the films an average grade of A - , A , and A+ respectively on an A+ to F scale . The series appears in the Dallas - Fort Worth Film Critics Association 's Top 10 Films , Time magazine 's All - Time 100 Movies , and James Berardinelli 's Top 100 . In 2007 , USA Today named the series as the most important films of the past 25 years . Entertainment Weekly put it on its end - of - the - decade , `` best - of '' list , saying , `` Bringing a cherished book to the big screen ? No sweat . Peter Jackson 's trilogy -- or , as we like to call it , our preciousssss -- exerted its irresistible pull , on advanced Elvish speakers and neophytes alike . '' Paste Magazine named it one of the 50 Best Movies of the Decade ( 2000 -- 2009 ) , ranking it at No. 4 . In another Time magazine list , the series ranks second in `` Best Movies of the Decade '' . Empire magazine voted the films at # 1 on the ' 32 Greatest Film Trilogies ' . In addition , six characters and their respective actors made the list of ' The 100 Greatest Movie Characters ' , also compiled by Empire , with Viggo Mortensen 's portrayal of Aragorn ranking No. 15 , Ian McKellen 's portrayal of Gandalf ranking No. 30 , Ian Holm 's portrayal of Bilbo Baggins ( shared with Martin Freeman for his portrayal of the same character in The Hobbit films ) ranking No. 61 , Andy Serkis ' portrayal of Gollum ranking No. 66 , Sean Astin 's portrayal of Samwise Gamgee ranking No. 77 , and Orlando Bloom 's portrayal of Legolas ranking No. 94 . Film Rotten Tomatoes Metacritic CinemaScore The Fellowship of the Ring 91 % ( 8.2 / 10 average rating ) ( 227 reviews ) 92 ( 34 reviews ) A − The Two Towers 95 % ( 8.5 / 10 average rating ) ( 250 reviews ) 87 ( 39 reviews ) The Return of the King 93 % ( 8.7 / 10 average rating ) ( 269 reviews ) 94 ( 41 reviews ) A+ Academy Awards ( edit ) See also : List of accolades received by The Lord of the Rings film series The three films together were nominated for a total of 30 Academy Awards , of which they won 17 , a record for any movie trilogy ( the three nominations for The Hobbit : An Unexpected Journey and The Hobbit : The Desolation of Smaug along with the single nomination for The Hobbit : The Battle of the Five Armies brings the series ' total to 37 nominations ) . The Fellowship of the Ring earned thirteen nominations , the most of any film at the 74th Academy Awards , winning four . The Return of the King won in every category in which it was nominated , setting the current Oscar record for the highest clean sweep , and its 11 Academy Awards wins ties the record held by Ben - Hur and Titanic ( though both of those films had additional nominations that they ultimately lost ) . The Return of the King became only the second sequel to win the Oscar for Best Picture ( after The Godfather Part II ) and the first fantasy film to receive this honor , though this has been widely perceived as an award by proxy for the entire series ( the first two films were also nominated for Best Picture ) . No actors in any of the three films won Oscars , and Ian McKellen was the only actor in the trilogy to receive a nomination , for his work in The Fellowship of the Ring . The Fellowship of the Ring -- Nominations : 13 , Wins : 4 The Two Towers -- Nominations : 6 , Wins : 2 The Return of the King -- Nominations : 11 , Wins : 11 Award Awards Won The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Picture Nominated Nominated Won Director Nominated Won Supporting Actor Nominated Adapted Screenplay Nominated Won Art Direction Nominated Nominated Won Cinematography Won Costume Design Nominated Won Film Editing Nominated Nominated Won Makeup Won Won Original Score Won Won Original Song Nominated Won Sound / Sound Mixing Nominated Nominated Won Sound Editing Won Visual Effects Won Won Won As well as Academy Awards , each film in the series won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , the MTV Movie Award for Best Movie , and the Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film . The first and third films also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film . The soundtrack for The Two Towers did not receive a nomination because of a rule prohibiting a soundtrack including music from a previous soundtrack to be eligible for nomination . This rule was changed in time for The Return of the King to receive the Oscar for Best Music Score . The New York Film Critics Circle awarded The Return of the King its Best Picture Award at the 2003 Awards Ceremony , hosted by Andrew Johnston , chair of the organization at that time , who called it `` a masterful piece of filmmaking . '' Reactions to changes in the films from the Books ( edit ) See also : List of original characters in The Lord of the Rings film series The film series provoked both positive and negative reaction from fans and scholars of the novels , and was sometimes seen as changing parts Tolkien felt thematically necessary in terms of characters , themes , events and subtlety . Some fans of the book who disagreed with such changes have released fan edits of the films such as The Lord of the Rings : The Purist Edition , which removed many of the changes to bring them closer to the original . Various changes to characters such as Gandalf , Aragorn , Arwen , Denethor , Faramir , Gimli , and Frodo , when considered together , were seen by some to alter the tone and themes found in the books . Several critics contend that the portrayal of women , especially Arwen , in the films is thematically faithful to ( or compatible with ) Tolkien 's writings despite some differences . Wayne G. Hammond , a Tolkien scholar , said of the first two films that he found them to be `` travesties as adaptations ... faithful only on a basic level of plot '' and that many characters had not been depicted faithfully to their appearance in the novel . Other critics have argued that Tolkien 's characters were weakened and misinterpreted by their portrayal in the films . Changes to events ( such as the Elves participating at the Battle of Helm 's Deep , Faramir taking the hobbits to Osgiliath , and the deletion of the chapter `` The Scouring of the Shire '' ) are also seen as changing Tolkien 's themes . Janet Brennan Croft criticized the films using Tolkien 's own terms `` anticipation '' and `` flattening '' , which she used in critiquing a proposed film script . She contrasts Tolkien 's subtlety with Jackson 's tendency to show `` too much too soon '' . Supporters of the series assert that it is a worthy interpretation of the book and that most of the changes were necessary . Many who worked on the series are fans of the book , including Christopher Lee , who ( alone among the cast ) had actually met Tolkien in person , and Boyens once noted that no matter what , it is simply their interpretation of the book . Jackson once said that to simply summarize the story on screen would be a mess , and in his own words , `` Sure , it 's not really The Lord of the Rings ... but it could still be a pretty damn cool movie . '' Other fans also claim that , despite any changes , the films serve as a tribute to the book , appealing to those who have not yet read it , and even leading some to do so . The Movie Guide for The Encyclopedia of Arda ( an online Tolkien encyclopedia ) states that Jackson 's films were exceptional since filming the whole story of The Lord of the Rings was probably impossible . This notion is partially supported by a review published in 2005 that otherwise criticized a lack of `` faithfulness to Tolkien 's spirit and tone . '' Douglas Kellner argues that the conservative community spirit of Tolkien 's Shire is reflected in Jackson 's films as well as the division of the Fellowship into `` squabbling races '' . In a 2006 review , film theorist Kristin Thompson was critical about the fact that film studies were undertaken by literary researchers and about the frequent denigration of Jackson 's work in the collected essays . Legacy ( edit ) They eviscerated the book by making it an action movie for young people aged 15 to 25 , and it seems that The Hobbit will be the same kind of film . ( ... ) Tolkien has become a monster , devoured by his own popularity and absorbed by the absurdity of our time . The chasm between the beauty and seriousness of the work , and what it has become , has gone too far for me . Such commercialisation has reduced the aesthetic and philosophical impact of this creation to nothing . There is only one solution for me : turning my head away . `` '' -- Christopher Tolkien , Le Monde , 9 July 2012 The release of the films saw a surge of interest in The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien 's other works , vastly increasing his impact on popular culture . It was rumored that the Tolkien family became split on the series , with Christopher Tolkien and his son Simon Tolkien feuding over whether or not it was a good idea to adapt . Christopher has since denied these claims , saying , `` My own position is that The Lord of the Rings is peculiarly unsuitable to transformation into visual dramatic form . The suggestions that have been made that I ' disapprove ' of the films , even to the extent of thinking ill of those with whom I may differ , are wholly without foundation . '' He added that he had never `` expressed any such feeling '' . In 2012 , however , he described the films as having `` eviscerated '' the book , and criticized the resulting `` commercialisation '' of his father 's work . As a result of the series ' success , Peter Jackson has become a major player in the film business ( sometimes called a mogul ) in the mold of Steven Spielberg and George Lucas , in the process befriending some industry heavyweights like Bryan Singer and Frank Darabont. Jackson has since founded his own film production company , Wingnut Films , as well as Wingnut Interactive , a video game company . He was also finally given a chance to remake King Kong in 2005 . The film was a critical and box office success , although not as successful as The Lord of the Rings series . Jackson has been called a `` favourite son '' of New Zealand . In 2004 , Howard Shore toured with The Lord of the Rings Symphony , playing two hours of the score . Along with the Harry Potter films , the series has renewed interest in the fantasy film genre . Tourism for New Zealand is up , possibly due to its exposure in the series , with the country 's tourism industry waking up to an audience 's familiarity . Air New Zealand painted this Airbus A320 in The Lord of the Rings livery to help promote the films . In December 2002 , The Lord of the Rings Motion Picture Trilogy : The Exhibition opened at the Te Papa museum in Wellington , New Zealand . As of 2007 , the exhibition has traveled to seven other cities around the world . A musical adaptation of the book was launched in Toronto , Ontario , Canada , in 2006 , but it closed after mostly poor reviews . A shortened version opened in London , United Kingdom , in the summer of 2007 . The success of the films has also spawned numerous video games and many other kinds of merchandise . The legacy of The Lord of the Rings is also that of court cases over profits from the trilogy . Sixteen cast members ( Noel Appleby ( de ) , Jed Brophy , Mark Ferguson , Ray Henwood , Bruce Hopkins , William Johnson , Nathaniel Lees , Sarah McLeod , Ian Mune , Paul Norell , Craig Parker , Robert Pollock , Martyn Sanderson , Peter Tait and Stephan Ure ( de ) ) sued over the lack of revenue from merchandise bearing their appearance . The case was resolved out of court in 2008 . The settlement came too late for Appleby , who died of cancer in 2007 . Saul Zaentz also filed a lawsuit in 2004 claiming he had not been paid all of his royalties . The next year , Jackson himself sued the studio over profits from the first film , slowing development of the prequels until late 2007 . The Tolkien Trust filed a lawsuit in February 2008 , for violating Tolkien 's original deal over the rights that they would earn 7.5 % of the gross from any films based on his works . The Trust sought compensation of $150 million . A judge denied them this option , but allowed them to win compensation from the act of the studio ignoring the contract itself . On 8 September 2009 , a settlement of this dispute between the Trust and New Line was announced , clearing a potential obstacle to the making of a new film based on The Hobbit . Video games ( edit ) Numerous video games have been released to supplement the film series . The releases include : The Two Towers , Pinball , The Return of the King , The Third Age , The Third Age ( GBA ) , Tactics , The Battle for Middle - earth , The Battle for Middle - earth II , The Battle for Middle - earth II : The Rise of the Witch - king , The Lord of the Rings Online , Conquest , Aragorn 's Quest , War in the North , Lego The Lord of the Rings , Guardians of Middle - earth , Lego The Hobbit ( video game ) , Middle - earth : Shadow of Mordor , and Middle - earth : Shadow of War . The Hobbit ( edit ) Main article : The Hobbit ( film series ) Peter Jackson also directed three films based on Tolkien 's earlier 1937 novel The Hobbit . The first film , The Hobbit : An Unexpected Journey , was released on 12 December 2012 , the second film , The Hobbit : The Desolation of Smaug , was released on 13 December 2013 , and the third film , The Hobbit : The Battle of the Five Armies , was released on 17 December 2014 . Several actors from The Lord of the Rings , including Ian McKellen , Andy Serkis , Hugo Weaving , Elijah Wood , Ian Holm ( as older Bilbo ) , Christopher Lee , Cate Blanchett and Orlando Bloom reprised their roles . See also ( edit ) Middle - earth portal Book : The Lord of the Rings film series The Hobbit ( film series ) The Hobbit ( 1977 film ) The Lord of the Rings ( 1978 film ) The Return of the King ( 1980 film ) List of films considered the best List of longest films References ( edit ) Jump up ^ `` ' Hobbit ' Trilogy Has Cost $561 Million So Far '' . 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Un tel degré de commercialisation réduit à rien la portée esthétique et philosophique de cette création . Il ne me reste qu'une seule solution : tourner la tête . Jump up ^ Gilsdorf , Ethan ( 16 November 2003 ) . `` Lord of the Gold Ring '' . The Boston Globe . Archived from the original on 27 August 2006 . Retrieved 16 June 2006 . Jump up ^ `` Feud over ' Rings ' movie splits Tolkien family '' . The New Zealand Herald . 3 December 2001 . Jump up ^ `` Tolkien 's son denies rift '' . BBC News . 7 December 2001 . Archived from the original on 15 March 2009 . Jump up ^ `` My Father 's `` Eviscerated '' `` . Worldcrunch.com. 5 December 2012 . Archived from the original on 10 February 2013 . Jump up ^ `` NZer of the year : Peter Jackson '' . The New Zealand Herald . 29 December 2001 . Jump up ^ `` Movie Tourism in New Zealand '' . Archived from the original on 20 November 2005 . Jump up ^ `` New Zealand , Home of Middle - earth '' . The New Zealand Herald . Archived from the original on 10 August 2006 . Jump up ^ Bruce Hopkins ( 8 October 2008 ) . `` New Zealand actors settle out of court with New Line '' . TheOneRing.net . Archived from the original on 11 October 2008 . Retrieved 9 October 2008 . Jump up ^ Benjamin Svetkey ( 4 October 2007 ) . `` ' The Hobbit ' : Peace in Middle - Earth ? '' . Entertainment Weekly . Archived from the original on 5 October 2007 . Retrieved 5 October 2007 . Jump up ^ `` J.R.R. Tolkien Trust Sues New Line Cinema for Portion of ' Lord of the Rings ' Profits '' . findlaw.com . Archived from the original on 23 March 2008 . Jump up ^ Alex Viega ( 12 February 2008 ) . `` Tolkien Estate Sues New Line Cinema '' . San Francisco Chronicle . Associated Press . Archived from the original on 17 April 2008 . Retrieved 3 May 2008 . Jump up ^ `` No punitive damages in Rings case '' . BBC News . 26 September 2008 . Archived from the original on 29 September 2008 . Retrieved 27 September 2008 . Jump up ^ Alex Dobuzinskis ( 8 September 2009 ) . `` Legal settlement clears way for `` Hobbit '' movie `` . Reuters . Archived from the original on 11 September 2009 . Retrieved 8 September 2009 . The Hollywood studio behind a film based on ' The Hobbit ' and trustees for author J.R.R. Tolkien 's estate said on Tuesday they had settled a lawsuit that clears the way for what is expected to be a blockbuster movie based on the book . Jump up ^ `` The Hobbit Worldwide Release Dates '' . thehobbit.com . Archived from the original on 15 December 2012 . Retrieved 31 December 2012 . Jump up ^ McClintock , Pamela ( 31 August 2012 ) . `` Third ' Hobbit ' Film Sets Release Date '' . The Hollywood Reporter . Archived from the original on 2 September 2012 . Retrieved 31 August 2012 . External links ( edit ) Wikiquote has quotations related to : The Lord of the Rings ( movies ) Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Lord of the Rings film trilogy . Official site of the films The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit film series The Lord of the Rings Films The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Music The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King `` Aníron '' `` Concerning Hobbits '' `` Into the West '' `` May It Be '' `` A Walking Song '' Production Original characters ( Figwit ) Production design Principal photography Special effects Accolades The Exhibition Gollum : How We Made Movie Magic The Long and Short of It The Hobbit Films An Unexpected Journey The Desolation of Smaug The Battle of the Five Armies Production Original characters Tauriel Music `` I See Fire '' Accolades Video games The Two Towers The Return of the King The Third Age The Third Age ( GBA ) Tactics The Battle for Middle - earth The Battle for Middle - earth II The Battle for Middle - earth II : The Rise of the Witch - king Conquest Aragorn 's Quest War in the North Lego The Lord of the Rings Guardians of Middle - earth Lego The Hobbit Middle - earth : Shadow of Mordor Middle - earth in film Middle - earth Enterprises Animated films The Hobbit ( 1977 ) The Lord of the Rings ( 1978 ) The Return of the King ( 1980 ) Live - action films Sagan om ringen ( 1971 ) The Hobbit ( 1985 ) Hobitit ( 1993 ) Peter Jackson series The Lord of the Rings The Fellowship of the Ring ( 2001 ) The Two Towers ( 2002 ) The Return of the King ( 2003 ) The Hobbit An Unexpected Journey ( 2012 ) The Desolation of Smaug ( 2013 ) The Battle of the Five Armies ( 2014 ) Fan films The Hunt for Gollum ( 2009 ) Born of Hope ( 2009 ) Book J.R.R. Tolkien 's The Lord of the Rings The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King Production and reception Composition Themes Influences Translations Russian Swedish Reception Fandom Study Related works The Hobbit The Adventures of Tom Bombadil The Road Goes Ever On The Silmarillion Unfinished Tales The History of Middle - earth The History of The Lord of the Rings Bilbo 's Last Song The Children of Húrin The History of The Hobbit The Tale of Beren and Lúthien Characters Aragorn Arwen Bilbo Boromir Butterbur Celeborn Denethor Elladan and Elrohir Elrond Éomer Éowyn Faramir Frodo Galadriel Gandalf Gildor Gimli Glorfindel Gollum Legolas Merry Mouth of Sauron Old Man Willow Pippin Radagast Sam Saruman Sauron Shelob Théoden Tom Bombadil Treebeard Witch - king Wormtongue Adaptations and other derivative works Books Bored of the Rings ( 1969 ) The Last Ringbearer ( 1999 ) Muddle Earth ( 2003 ) Theatre Fellowship ! ( 2005 ) Lord of the Rings ( 2006 ) Radio The Lord of the Rings ( 1955 ) The Lord of the Rings ( 1979 ) Hordes of the Things ( 1980 ) The Lord of the Rings ( 1981 ) Der Herr der Ringe ( 1992 ) Film Animated The Lord of the Rings ( 1978 ) The Return of the King ( 1980 ) Peter Jackson series The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring ( 2001 ) The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers ( 2002 ) The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King ( 2003 ) Fan - made The Hunt for Gollum ( 2009 ) Born of Hope ( 2009 ) Video games Journey to Rivendell Game One Game Two : Shadows of Mordor War in Middle Earth Vol . I ( 1990 ) Vol . I ( SNES ) Riders of Rohan Elendor Volume II The Fellowship of the Ring The Two Towers The Return of the King War of the Ring The Third Age The Battle for Middle - earth Tactics The Battle for Middle - earth II The Rise of the Witch - king The Lord of the Rings Online Mines of Moria Siege of Mirkwood Rise of Isengard Riders of Rohan Helm 's Deep Conquest Aragorn 's Quest War in the North Lego The Lord of the Rings Guardians of Middle - earth Middle - earth : Shadow of Mordor Middle - earth : Shadow of War Tabletop role - playing games The Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game Middle - earth Role Playing The One Ring Roleplaying Game Board games Middle Earth Lord of the Rings Risk : The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition War of the Ring Other games The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game The Lord of the Rings : The Card Game The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game Middle - earth Collectible Card Game Toys Middle - earth Lego sets Peter Jackson Films directed Bad Taste ( 1987 ) Meet the Feebles ( 1989 ) Braindead ( 1992 ) Heavenly Creatures ( 1994 ) The Frighteners ( 1996 ) The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring ( 2001 ) The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers ( 2002 ) The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King ( 2003 ) King Kong ( 2005 ) The Lovely Bones ( 2009 ) The Hobbit : An Unexpected Journey ( 2012 ) The Hobbit : The Desolation of Smaug ( 2013 ) The Hobbit : The Battle of the Five Armies ( 2014 ) Other films The Valley ( 1976 ) Forgotten Silver ( 1995 ) Crossing the Line ( 2008 ) Produced only Valley of the Stereos ( 1992 ) Jack Brown Genius ( 1997 , also writer ) District 9 ( 2009 ) The Adventures of Tintin ( 2011 ) West of Memphis ( 2012 ) Mortal Engines ( 2018 , also writer ) Companies WingNut Films Weta Workshop Weta Digital Park Road Post Related The Lord of the Rings ( film series ) The Hobbit ( film series ) Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Lord_of_the_Rings_(film_series)&oldid=838314961 '' Categories : English - language films The Lord of the Rings ( film series ) Adventure films by series American epic films American films Fictional - language films Film series High fantasy films New Zealand films New Line Cinema films Film series introduced in 2001 2000s fantasy films Films directed by Peter Jackson Films released in separate parts American fantasy adventure films Hidden categories : Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL Webarchive template wayback links Use dmy dates from January 2016 Use British English from January 2013 Interlanguage link template link number Good articles Talk Contents About Wikipedia Asturianu বাংলা Български Bosanski Català Čeština Dansk Deutsch Eesti Ελληνικά Español Esperanto فارسی Føroyskt Français 한국어 Հայերեն हिन्दी Hrvatski Bahasa Indonesia Italiano עברית ქართული Kiswahili Latina Latviešu Lietuvių Magyar Македонски മലയാളം मराठी Nederlands 日本 語 Norsk ਪੰਜਾਬੀ پنجابی Polski Português Română Русский Simple English Slovenčina Slovenščina Suomi Svenska தமிழ் ไทย Türkçe Українська اردو Tiếng Việt 中文 44 more Edit links This page was last edited on 26 April 2018 , at 07 : 08 . 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Question: number of films in lord of the rings


Jaffa cakes - wikipedia Jaffa cakes Jump to : navigation , search Jaffa Cakes A Jaffa Cake cut in half Alternative names Jaffa Type Cake Place of origin United Kingdom Region or state All Regions Created by McVitie and Price Main ingredients Sponge cake , orange - flavoured jam , chocolate Variations Various limited edition flavours ( Lemon and lime , strawberry , black currant ) Cookbook : Jaffa Cakes Media : Jaffa Cakes Jaffa Cakes are biscuit - sized cakes introduced by McVitie and Price in the UK in 1927 and named after Jaffa oranges . The most common form of Jaffa cakes are circular , 2 ⁄ inches ( 54 mm ) in diameter and have three layers : a Genoise sponge base , a layer of orange flavoured jam and a coating of chocolate . Jaffa cakes are also available as bars or in small packs , and in larger and smaller sizes . The original Jaffa Cakes come in packs of 12 , 24 or 36 . Because McVitie 's did not trademark the name `` Jaffa Cakes '' , other biscuit manufacturers and supermarkets have made similar products under the same name . The product 's classification as a cake or biscuit was part of a VAT tribunal in 1991 , with the court finding in McVitie 's favour that the Jaffa cake should be considered a cake for tax purposes . In 2012 they were ranked the best selling cake or biscuit in the United Kingdom . Contents ( hide ) 1 Manufacture 2 Flavour variants 3 Categorisation as cake or biscuit for VAT 4 References Manufacture McVitie 's entire line of Jaffa cakes are produced in the United Kingdom at the McVitie 's factory in Stockport . The Jaffa cake production area covers an acre ( 4,000 m ) and includes a production line over a mile ( 1.6 km ) long which sits on the Stockport side of the site 's boundary with Manchester . Because of the nature of the product -- having multiple components of cake , chocolate covering and jam -- special hardware accelerators were devised to allow rapid computer inspection of 20 products per second , taking place under four symmetrically placed lights . Flavour variants Although Jaffa cakes are usually orange flavour , limited edition flavours have been available , such as lemon - and - lime , strawberry and blackcurrant . Categorisation as cake or biscuit for VAT In the United Kingdom , value added tax is payable on chocolate - covered biscuits , but not on chocolate - covered cakes . McVities defended its classification of Jaffa Cakes as cakes at a VAT tribunal in 1991 , against the ruling that Jaffa cakes were biscuits due to their size and shape , and the fact that they were often eaten in place of biscuits . McVities insisted that the product was a cake , and allegedly produced a giant Jaffa cake in court to illustrate its point . The product was assessed on the following criteria : The product 's name was regarded as a minor consideration . The ingredients were regarded as similar to those of a cake , producing a thin cake - like batter rather than the thick dough of a biscuit . The product 's texture was regarded as being that of a sponge cake . The product hardens when stale , in the manner of a cake . A substantial part of the Jaffa cake , in terms of bulk and texture , is sponge . In size , the Jaffa cake is more like a biscuit than a cake . The product was generally displayed for sale alongside other biscuits , rather than with cakes . The product is presented as a snack and eaten with the fingers , like a biscuit , rather than with a fork as a cake might be . The tribunal also considered that children would eat them in `` a few mouthfuls '' , in the manner of a sweet . The court found in favour of McVitie 's and ruled that the product should be considered a cake , meaning that VAT is not paid on Jaffa cakes in the United Kingdom . In Ireland , Jaffa cakes are regarded as cakes by Revenue as their moisture content is greater than 12 % . As a result , they are charged the reduced rate of VAT ( 13.5 % as of 2016 ) . References Jump up ^ `` Labelling rules '' . Food Standards Agency . 9 April 2008 . Archived from the original on 20 July 2008 . Jump up ^ `` Jaffa Cake 's lemon squeezy bar '' . Thegrocer.co.uk . Retrieved 25 August 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Jaffa Cakes , A Cake Or Buscuit ? '' . ColdRicePudding. 1 January 2009 . Retrieved 22 June 2010 . ^ Jump up to : Harry Wallop ( 6 May 2012 ) . `` Jaffa Cakes - definitely not biscuits - prepare to take on imitators '' . The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 3 January 2013 . Jump up ^ VAT Tribunal case LON / 91 / 0160 ( United Biscuits ) Jump up ^ `` Jaffa Cakes - definitely not biscuits - prepare to take on imitators '' . The Telegraph . Retrieved 28 December 2014 Jump up ^ `` The factory where life is sweet '' . Manchester Evening News . 17 April 2012 . Retrieved 24 July 2013 . Jump up ^ `` Machine Vision for the Inspection of Natural Products -- Google Books '' . Books.google.com . Retrieved 2 November 2012 . Jump up ^ `` McVitie 's Jaffa Cakes Lemon and Lime '' . Snackspot.org.uk . Retrieved 22 June 2010 . Jump up ^ `` McVitie 's launches limited edition Strawberry - flavoured Jaffa Cakes '' . Talkingretail.com. 27 April 2009 . Retrieved 22 June 2010 . Jump up ^ `` Jaffa Cakeover '' . The Daily Record . 12 December 2005 . Retrieved 22 June 2010 . ^ Jump up to : Lee , Natalie ( 2011 ) . Revenue Law Principles and Practice . A&C Black . p. 1009 . ISBN 9781847667663 . ^ Jump up to : `` What you do -- and do n't -- pay VAT on '' . Which ? Magazine . 24 June 2010 . Retrieved 27 September 2012 . Jump up ^ `` United Kingdom VAT & Duties Tribunals Decisions -- Torq Ltd v Revenue and Customs ( 2005 ) '' . British and Irish Legal Information Institute . Retrieved 27 September 2012 . Jump up ^ `` Excepted items : Confectionery : The bounds of confectionery , sweets , chocolates , chocolate biscuits , cakes and biscuits : The borderline between cakes and biscuits '' . hmrc.gov.uk . Jump up ^ `` The borderline between cakes and biscuits '' . Retrieved 28 April 2013 . Jump up ^ JAFFA CAKES ( Food and drink for human consumption ) at the Wayback Machine ( archived January 7 , 2018 ) ( hide ) Snack cakes Alfajor Chocodile Twinkie Choco pie Ding Dong Fudge Rounds Gansito Ho Hos Hostess CupCake Jaffa Cakes Jos . Louis May West Moon pie Sno Balls Suzy Q Twinkie Wagon Wheels Whoopie pie Yodels Zingers Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jaffa_Cakes&oldid=819048427 '' Categories : British cakes United Biscuits brands Brand name snack foods Biscuits ( British style ) Products introduced in 1927 Hidden categories : Webarchive template wayback links Use dmy dates from October 2014 Use British English from May 2013 Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism Pages using deprecated image syntax Talk View source Contents About Wikipedia Deutsch فارسی Français עברית Nederlands Norsk Polski Scots Suomi 中文 Edit links This page was last edited on 7 January 2018 , at 03 : 19 . About Wikipedia

Question: is jaffa cakes a biscuit or a cake


List of Family Guy cast members - wikipedia List of Family Guy cast members Jump to : navigation , search Family Guy creator Seth MacFarlane also provides the voices of Peter Griffin , Stewie Griffin , Brian Griffin , and Glenn Quagmire . Family Guy is an American animated sitcom that features five main voice actors , and numerous regular cast and recurring guest stars . The principal voice cast consists of show creator Seth MacFarlane , Alex Borstein , Mila Kunis ( who replaced Lacey Chabert after the first season ( her last episode is `` Holy Crap , '' now marketed as the second episode of season two ) ) , Seth Green , and Mike Henry . Recurring voice actors include Patrick Warburton , Adam West , John G. Brennan , Nicole Sullivan and Jennifer Tilly , and repeat guest stars include Phyllis Diller , Charles Durning , Rush Limbaugh , and Phil LaMarr . Many cast members provide voices for multiple characters . The voice actors , in portraying the various character personalities on the show , draw inspiration from celebrities and pop culture . Family Guy characters have been played by more than one actor , after members of the show left the series or had conflicting obligations . Kunis was nominated for an Annie Award for voicing Meg Griffin in the season 5 episode `` Barely Legal '' and MacFarlane has also won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice - Over Performance and an Annie Award for Best Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production , though no other cast member has won an award for their work on the series . Contents ( hide ) 1 Current cast 1.1 Seth MacFarlane 1.2 Alex Borstein 1.3 Mila Kunis 1.4 Seth Green 1.5 Mike Henry 2 Recurring cast 3 Recurring guest voices 4 Casting changes 5 Awards and nominations 6 References Current cast ( edit ) Seth Green provides the voice of Chris Griffin . Mike Henry voices various characters in the series . Mila Kunis provides the voice of Meg Griffin . Alex Borstein provides the voice of Lois Griffin . Patrick Warburton provides the voice of Joe Swanson . The real Adam West provided the voice of Mayor Adam West . From seasons 1 to 4 , Family Guy had four main cast members . Since season 5 , there have been five main cast members . The casting of Meg Griffin changed after season 1 . Seth MacFarlane ( edit ) Seth MacFarlane voices three of the show 's main characters : Peter Griffin , Brian Griffin , and Stewie Griffin . MacFarlane chose to voice these characters himself , believing it would be easier to portray the voices he had already envisioned than for someone else to attempt it . MacFarlane drew inspiration for the voice of Peter from a security guard he overheard talking while attending the Rhode Island School of Design . Stewie 's voice was based on the voice of English actor Rex Harrison , especially his performance in the 1964 musical drama film My Fair Lady . MacFarlane uses his own voice while portraying Brian . MacFarlane also provides the voices for various other recurring and one - time only characters , most prominently those of news anchor Tom Tucker , Lois ' father Carter Pewterschmidt and Dr. Hartman . He is the only voice to be in every episode . Alex Borstein ( edit ) Alex Borstein voices Lois Griffin , Asian correspondent Tricia Takanawa , Loretta Brown and Lois ' mother Barbara Pewterschmidt . Borstein was asked to provide a voice for the pilot while she was working on MADtv . She had not met MacFarlane or seen any of his artwork and said it was `` really sight unseen '' . At the time , Borstein performed in a stage show in Los Angeles , in which she played a redhead mother whose voice she had based on one of her cousins . The voice was originally slower ( and deeper for the original series ) , but when MacFarlane heard it , he replied `` Make it a little less fucking annoying ... and speed it up , or every episode will last four hours . '' Mila Kunis ( edit ) Mila Kunis voices Meg Griffin . Kunis won the role after auditions and a slight rewrite of the character , in part due to her performance on That ' 70s Show . MacFarlane called Kunis back after her first audition , instructing her to speak slower , and then told her to come back another time and enunciate more . Once she claimed that she had it under control , MacFarlane hired her . Kunis described her character as `` the scapegoat '' . She further explained , `` Meg gets picked on a lot . But it 's funny . It 's like the middle child . She is constantly in the state of being an awkward 14 - year - old , when you 're kind of going through puberty and what - not . She 's just in a perpetual mode of humiliation . And it 's fun . '' Seth Green ( edit ) Seth Green primarily plays Chris Griffin and Neil Goldman . Green stated that he did an impression of the `` Buffalo Bill '' character from the thriller film The Silence of the Lambs during his audition . His main inspiration for Chris ' voice came from envisioning how `` Buffalo Bill '' would sound if he were speaking through a public address system at a McDonald 's . Mike Henry ( edit ) Mike Henry is the voice of Cleveland Brown , John Herbert The Pervert and various other characters . A Family Guy writer and producer , he began acting on the show as part of the recurring cast repertory ( see below ) but was promoted to main cast member in 2005 . Since the cancellation of The Cleveland Show , he also voices Cleveland 's step - son Rallo Tubbs on Family Guy . Recurring cast ( edit ) In addition to both its main cast and guest stars , Family Guy utilizes a deep bench of regularly appearing supporting voice actors . Some appear in nearly every episode each season , while others appear less frequently . Some of these actors specifically play recurring characters , while others mainly play background citizens of Quahog or characters in cutaway gags . The current supporting cast repertory includes the following actors : Actor Character ( s ) No. of Episodes ( Out of 245 produced ) Notes Benjamin , H. Jon H. Jon Benjamin Carl 14 Since 2006 . Breckenridge , Alexandra Alexandra Breckenridge Various women 57 Since 2005 . Currently voices most female `` extras '' not voiced by Alex Borstein . Brennan , Johnny Johnny Brennan Goldman , Mort Mort Goldman , Horace the bartender 77 Callaghan , Steve Steve Callaghan Various 37 Also the current showrunner and executive producer of Family Guy and former showrunner / EP of American Dad ! . Garman , Ralph Ralph Garman Various 138 Lakin , Christine Christine Lakin Kinney , Joyce Joyce Kinney 23 Since 2010 . LaMarr , Phil Phil LaMarr Williams , Ollie Ollie Williams and the Quahog judge 56 MacFarlane , Rachael Rachael MacFarlane Olivia and various women 54 Formerly one of the most frequent female voices . She reduced her number of appearances per season after joining American Dad ! in 2005 but still appears several times per season . Seth MacFarlane 's sister . Osment , Emily Emily Osment Various 14 Since 2012 . Richardson , Kevin Michael Kevin Michael Richardson Jerome and Cleveland Jr . 30 Since 2009 . Sheridan , Chris Chris Sheridan Various 33 Also a Family Guy writer . Smith , Danny Danny Smith Various , including Evil Monkey , Al Harrington and Ernie , the Giant Chicken 189 Also a Family Guy writer . Sulkin , Alec Alec Sulkin Christ , Jesus Jesus Christ and various others 147 Since 2005 , Also a Family Guy writer . Tatasciore , Fred Fred Tatasciore Various 36 Tilly , Jennifer Jennifer Tilly Swanson , Bonnie Bonnie Swanson 42 Has recurred as the Griffin 's neighbor since the first season . Viener , John John Viener Various 182 Since 2005 , he has been one of the most frequently heard male voices aside from Seth MacFarlane . Also a Family Guy writer . Warburton , Patrick Patrick Warburton Swanson , Joe Joe Swanson 163 Has appeared as the Griffins ' neighbor since the first season , and usually appears in most episodes each season . Warburton is the most frequently appearing one - character actor in the supporting repertory . Wingert , Wally Wally Wingert Various 41 In addition to the above , the following actors were formerly regularly recurring voice actors in the series : Actor Character ( s ) No. of Episodes Notes Alan , Lori Lori Alan Simmons , Diane Diane Simmons 63 Left the show in season nine when her character was killed off . Was replaced in the series ' context by Christine Lakin 's Joyce Kinney Alazraqui , Carlos Carlos Alazraqui Weed , Mr.Mr . Weed 10 Peter 's first boss , Mr. Weed , was killed off early in the series ' run . Barrymore , Drew Drew Barrymore Russell , Jillian Jillian Russell 12 Played Jillian , Brian 's former girlfriend . The character still appears in background roles Cole , Gary Gary Cole Various 38 Cole appeared frequently in the earlier seasons , but still pops up now and then to play Meg and Chris ' principal , Mr. Shepherd . Hartman , Butch Butch Hartman Various 8 Henry , Mike Mike Henry Cleveland Brown , Herbert , Bruce , Consuela , and various others Was promoted to main cast in 2005 . Also a Family Guy writer . Hentemann , Mark Mark Hentemann Opie and various others 45 Recently left Family Guy to work on another Seth MacFarlane project . Also a Family Guy writer . Fisher , Carrie Carrie Fisher Angela 19 Has recurred as Peter 's boss several times per season since 2005 . Died in 2016 . Strong , Tara Tara Strong Various , as well as Meg 's singing voice 21 Appeared frequently in the first four seasons . Returned briefly in 2010 - 2012 and again for one episode in 2014 . Sullivan , Nicole Nicole Sullivan Goldman , Muriel Muriel Goldman 27 Muriel was killed off in season nine . Whitman , Mae Mae Whitman Various 10 Was a recurring younger female voice for several seasons between 2008 - 2010 . Wild , Wellesley Wellesley Wild Various 14 No longer a recurring voice ( since 2013 ) . He was a producer , but left the show . Wilhoit , Lisa Lisa Wilhoit D'Amico , Connie Connie D'Amico 15 Meg 's bully Connie has not appeared in the series since 2013 . West , Adam Adam West Mayor West , Adam Adam West 93 Played a warped version of himself as the mayor of Quahog . Died in 2017 . Recurring guest voices ( edit ) Main article : List of Family Guy guest stars The recurring guest voices include Adam Carolla as Death , Patrick Stewart as Susie Swanson , Scott Grimes as Kevin Swanson and Sanaa Lathan as Donna Tubbs Brown . Previous recurring guests included Phyllis Diller in three episodes as Peter 's Mother , Thelma , and Charles Durning as Peter 's father , Francis . Both characters have since died , but Durning returned once to play Francis as a ghost . Early in the show 's run , Fred Willard and Jane Lynch had a recurring role as a family of nudists . James Woods as James Woods . Casting changes ( edit ) Lacey Chabert voiced Meg for the first production season ( 14 episodes ) , but , because of a contractual agreement , was never credited . Chabert left the series due to time constraints with her acting role in Party of Five , as well as schoolwork . Norm Macdonald voiced the character of Death in a second season episode of Family Guy . He was subsequently replaced by Adam Carolla in all other appearances . Jon Cryer originally voiced Kevin Swanson in his first appearance , before the role was passed temporarily onto Seth MacFarlane . The character was written out of the series for several years , with Scott Grimes taking over the voice when the character returned . Fairuza Balk was the original voice of high school bully Connie D'Amico until Lisa Wilhoit took over the character in the third season . Awards and nominations ( edit ) Year Actor Award Category Role Result Ref . 2000 Seth MacFarlane Primetime Emmy Award Outstanding Voice - Over Performance Stewie Griffin Won 2009 Seth MacFarlane Primetime Emmy Award Outstanding Voice - Over Performance Peter Griffin Won 2006 Seth MacFarlane Annie Award Best Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production Stewie Griffin Won 2007 Mila Kunis Annie Award Voice Acting in an Animated Television Production Meg Griffin Won References ( edit ) Notes Jump up ^ Graham , Jefferson ( January 29 , 1999 ) . `` Cartoonist MacFarlane funny guy of Fox 's ' Family ' Subversive voice of series is his '' . USA Today . p . E7 . ^ Jump up to : Cruz , Gilbert ( September 26 , 2008 ) . `` Family Guy 's Seth MacFarlane '' . Time . Retrieved August 28 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Smith , Andy ( April 30 , 2005 ) . `` A Real Family Reunion '' . Providence Journal TV . Archived from the original on July 22 , 2011 . Retrieved August 28 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Dean , John ( November 1 , 2008 ) . `` Seth MacFarlane 's $2 Billion Family Guy Empire '' . Fox Business . Archived from the original on September 23 , 2010 . Retrieved August 24 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Franklin , Nancy ( January 16 , 2006 ) . `` American Idiots '' . The New Yorker . ^ Jump up to : `` Family Guy Cast and Details '' . TV Guide . Retrieved August 24 , 2009 . ^ Jump up to : Miller , Kirk ( November 19 , 2008 ) . `` Q&A : Alex Borstein '' . Metromix . Archived from the original on February 18 , 2012 . Retrieved August 28 , 2009 . ^ Jump up to : `` Alex Borstein ( Lois ) Laughs at the Once - Dead Family Guy 's Longevity '' . TV Guide . November 13 , 2006 . Retrieved August 24 , 2009 . ^ Jump up to : Family Guy -- Casting Mila Kunis . The Paley Center for Media . Retrieved September 20 , 2010 . Jump up ^ De Leon , Kris ( September 25 , 2007 ) . `` Mila Kunis Talks About Working on Family Guy and Her Upcoming Movie '' . BuddyTV . Retrieved September 3 , 2009 . Jump up ^ Graham , Jefferson ( April 9 , 1999 ) . `` Seth Green fits right in with new Family '' . USA Today . Jump up ^ `` Fans help ' Family Guy ' return to Fox '' . Observer - Reporter. April 29 , 2005 . p . E5 . Jump up ^ Green , Seth ( September 27 , 2005 ) . Stewie Griffin : The Untold Story : Audio Commentary ( DVD ) . Jump up ^ `` Steve Callaghan Named ' American Dad ' Showrunner '' . Jump up ^ Epstein , Daniel Robert . `` Interview with Seth MacFarlane , creator of The Family Guy '' . UGO Networks . Archived from the original on June 11 , 2007 . Retrieved November 23 , 2008 . Jump up ^ `` Sonic the Horndog '' . GameSpy . Retrieved 2009 - 10 - 03 . Jump up ^ Brian Lowry ( 2000 - 08 - 28 ) . `` NBC Leads Tally of Early Emmys , Boosted by ' West Wing ' '' . Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2008 - 08 - 20 . Jump up ^ `` The 61st Primetime Emmy Awards and 2009 Creative Arts Emmy Awards Nominees are ... '' Academy of Television Arts & Sciences . 2009 - 07 - 16 . Archived from the original on 2009 - 07 - 18 . Retrieved 2009 - 07 - 16 . Jump up ^ `` Annie Award Winners '' . Annie Awards . Archived from the original on 2007 - 07 - 01 . Retrieved 2007 - 12 - 21 . Jump up ^ `` 34th Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners ( 2006 ) '' . Annie Awards . 2009 - 11 - 05 . Archived from the original on 2009 - 01 - 29 . Retrieved 2009 - 11 - 05 . ( hide ) Family Guy Characters Griffin family Peter Lois Meg Chris Stewie Brian Other characters Quagmire Cleveland Adam West Herbert Cleveland Jr . Production Cast members Guest stars Writers Awards Media releases The Life of Larry shorts Stewie Griffin : The Untold Story Live in Vegas Seasons 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Hallmarks Road to ... episodes Star Wars episodes Merchandise Home video Video games Family Guy Video Game ! ( 2006 ) Family Guy Online ( 2012 ) Back to the Multiverse ( 2012 ) Family Guy : The Quest for Stuff ( 2014 ) Family Guy : Another Freakin ' Mobile Game ( 2017 ) See also Criticism Night of the Hurricane The Cleveland Show American Dad ! Animation Domination `` Cartoon Wars Part I '' `` Cartoon Wars Part II '' Book Portal Category Retrieved from `` https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Family_Guy_cast_members&oldid=820114547 '' Categories : Family Guy Hidden categories : Featured lists Articles with hCards Talk Contents About Wikipedia Español فارسی Português Edit links This page was last edited on 13 January 2018 , at 03 : 51 . Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply . By using this site , you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy . Wikipedia ® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation , Inc. , a non-profit organization . About Wikipedia

Question: who does the voice of stewie family guy