Cystic endosalpingiosis is a rare disorder caused by the heterotopical presence of tissue resembling structures of the fallopian tubes . It can be considered part of a wider group of anomalies of embryological origin called müllerianosis  consisting in the heterotopic presence of müllerian-derived tissue in pelvic organs, or in distant locations. Although müllerian-derived tissues are sensitive to estrogen and progesterone, reports of cystic endosalpingiosis and other forms of müllerianosis in pregnancy are very scarce. We report a case of florid cystic endosalpingiosis discovered in a pregnant woman during a scheduled cesarean section and review the current knowledge of this disease.