The recombinant CsGRN (rCsGRN) and CsESPs were emulsified with complete Freund’ s adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich, Guangzhou, China) and were subcutaneously immunised with 200 μg of protein for each rat initially. Subsequently, each rat was given 100 μg of protein (emulsified with equivalent incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (Sigma-Aldrich) for three booster injections at 2-week intervals. Anti-CsGRN serum was collected every 2 weeks. Two weeks after the final boosting, the rats were sacrificed, and the sera were collected. Sera from naïve rats were also collected as a control. The antibody titers were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot analysis. For the production of mouse anti-CsGRN serum, Balb/c mice were initially immunised with 100 μg of purified rCsGRN followed by 50 μg the next three times, as described in the above method. The mice were sacrificed, and the liver tissues and serum were collected every 2 weeks from the final boosting for 8 weeks. The liver tissues and serum from normal mice during the same periods were also collected as a control.