Synaptic activation of the Purkinje cell (PC) neuron model. (A) The localization of synapses on PC model dendrites. The dendritic tree receives 1111 excitatory AMPA-type synapses from parallel fibers (pfs; red dots) and 383 from ascending axons (aa; blue dots). The aa are locate on more distal dendritic branches than pf synapses. The GABA-A-type synapses from stellate cells (SCs) were distributed over 1332 dendrites (green dots). (B) Unitary EPSCs and IPSCs recorded from the soma. The bars (same colors as in (A) indicate the dendritic localization. The EPSPs recorded from the soma show increasing electrotonic filtering moving farther away from soma (Roth and Häusser, 2001). (C) Unitary EPSCs elicited in the dendrite using a random stimulation pattern (black ticks) and recorded from the PC model soma. The dotted line represents the experimental result (Dittman et al., 2000).