In 2013, the gender-based T of PBU, BA, and pneumonia was approximately 2, whereas the gender-based T for diarrhoea and other causes of death was greater than 6. Based on the overall trend from 2000 to 2013, no obvious gender-based change across the five causes of death was found; the absolute values of the Slope T and BGV were both less than 1, although great fluctuation was observed in the values (Fig. 6).