The association between the patient characteristics and the baseline HVLT-R scores in each subdomain was evaluated with the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Among the patients who underwent the 4-month examination and did not undergo the 8-month examination, the HVLT-R scores at the baseline and 4 months after WBRT were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Among the patients who completed the 8-month examination, we used the Friedman test to compare the baseline, 4-month, and 8-month scores. A univariate Fisher’s exact test was performed to determine the factors associated with a significant decline from the baseline score in each HVLT-R subdomain. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.