At the patient level, some participants questioned patients’ ability and interest to discuss technical information about devices while others said that patients themselves acquired information about device performance. Research is needed to examine patient capacity to engage in discussions and decisions about various types of medical devices, and interventions that can support PE in this context. The PE literature advocates that partnership is appropriate in all circumstances provided it matches patient preferences about the level of engagement . This study did not interview patients, but other research shows that patient preferences for involvement in device decision-making may vary. For example, in one study, 20 patients who were interviewed about involvement in decision-making for knee implants said that they desired active participation, and 17 said they were not given sufficient information or opportunity . In contrast, in another study, among 102 patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty, 93.1% said that their orthopaedic surgeon alone should choose the device . A systematic review of 115 studies of patient preference for involvement in shared decision-making found that the majority of patients undergoing invasive procedures (78.5% across 11 studies) preferred to be involved . This rate was similar to patients with cancer in 43 studies, and higher than patients with other chronic conditions (26 studies) or in the general population (36 studies). Hence, it may behoove physicians to assess patient desire for extent of involvement in decision-making about implantable devices.