Several transcriptomic studies of immune and inflammatory responses have been published in pigs, however little is known about longitudinal changes. The peripheral blood transcriptome reflects variations in immunity traits and a few potential gene biomarkers were found for immunocompetence (RALGDS gene was shown for prediction of IL2; ALOX12 for phagocytosis; GNLY, KLRG1 and CX3CR1 for CD4-/CD8+ cell count) . Zhou et al.  investigated the transcriptional responses of pig peripheral blood mononuclear cells following an experimental challenge with the intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. Zhao et al.  studied the response to the foot-and-mouth disease infection. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells transcriptome profiles were studied by Islam et al.  to identify potential candidate genes and functional networks controlling the innate and adaptive immune responses to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccine. The innate immune transcriptional network was found to be regulated by LCK, STAT3, ATP5B, UBB and RSP17 genes. The adaptive immune transcriptional response to the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome vaccine in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is related to TGFb1, IL7R, RAD21, SP1 and GZMB. Altogether these results show the value of gene expression studies to explore inflammatory and immune responses and the factors of their regulation.