Observational learning (OL): Occurs during the action OBSERVE at rate ω i (see ‘Forager behavior’) and allows forager i to increase its processing skill for a specific resource type, in proportion to the time spent observing, where the change in experience Δ t ir is: 8\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} $$ \Delta t_{ir} = max\left[K \frac{o_{ik}}{M}(t_{kr} - t_{ir}),0.0\right] $$ \end{document}Δtir=maxKoikM(tkr−tir),0.0