There was no relationship between CD4% at enrollment and neurometabolites at age 7 or 9 years (Table 4 and Supplementary Table 1). However, at age 7, lower CD4/CD8 ratio at enrollment was associated with lower Cho levels. Also, there was a weak association between lower CD4% at scan and NAA. The same relationships were not evident at age 9, but at this age lower CD4/CD8 at enrollment was associated with lower Ins, and a CDC stage C diagnosis showed a trend-level association with lower NAA and higher Ins. Relationships of CD4/CD8 ratio at enrollment to Cho at ages 7 and 9 are illustrated in Figure 3.