Although the complete ORF and complete or partial UTRs sequences of four Japanese BEVs were determined, the virus could not be isolated from one diarrheal feces of a calf (BEV-AN12). BEV-AN12 has mutations in VP1 and 2A, which are involved in the formation of the capsid protein-host receptor binding site and cell proliferation, respectively [35, 49]. Although critical motifs for their function including [PS] ALXAXETG and GXCG were identified in the BEV-AN12 genome, a short insertion (6 aa) in the 2A protein region and non-synonymous substitution at the junction of VP3/VP1 were observed in the BEV-AN12 genome. Because these mutations may show alter receptor binding or virus replication, further crystal structure analysis of virions should be conducted.