Bacteria chosen for study include Erythromicrobium ezovicum (strain E1), Erythromicrobium hydrolyticum (E4(1)), Erythromicrobium ramosum (E5), Erythromonas ursincola (KR99), Sandaracinobacter sibiricus (RB 16-17), and Roseococcus thiosulfatophilus (RB3) . They were grown aerobically in the dark at their optimal temperature (28 °C) on an incubator shaker (200 rpm) in liquid rich organic (RO) or liquid minimal salts (MS) media  containing either glutamate, pyruvate, and malate or glutamate, pyruvate, and yeast extract each at 1.5 g/L, at pH 9.0 unless otherwise stated. All results are an average of three replicates.