Measurement repeatability was assessed by calculating the mean, SD, and CV for all glycans and derived traits within the plasma controls (Table S3 and Figure S1 in Supplementary Material). Statistical analyses were performed using R 3.1.2 in an environment of RStudio 0.98.1091 (RStudio Team, Boston, MA, USA) (34). Figures were annotated with glycan symbols created in GlycoWorkbench 2.1 following the nomenclature proposed by the Consortium for Functional Glycomics (35, 36). For all statistical analyses, glycosylation values were scaled and centered, making regression effect sizes (B) representative of a 1 SD change in the glycan value.