A recent Italian study carried out in vitro phenotypic assays on six clinical samples harbouring E157Q-mutated viruses including three subtype B and three CRF02_AG recombinant, showing they were all susceptible to DTG and to RAL, except one at the limit of the biological cut-off for RAL . The study of Shimura et al. assessed susceptibility to EVG of a E157Q recombinant molecular clone showing a small reduction in EVG susceptibility with a FC of 6.3 .