(A) Expression of pericyte markers in pericytes expressing GFP. NG2 (scale bar, 50 μm), PDGFRβ and RGS5 (scale bar, 100 μm). The images are representative of at least, three independent experiments. (B) ELISA measuring IL-10, TGF-β and TNF-α levels in pericytes co-cultured with Glioblastoma cells (GBC-PC) at different time points, and at basal levels in control pericytes (PC), ** p<0.01 or ***p<0.001. All data represent mean ± Standard Deviation obtained from at least three independent experiments. (C) Quantitative analysis of cytokine mRNA expression in GBC-PC at different time points. Results are presented relative to those of basal levels in control pericytes at each time point, and normalized to the housekeeping reference gene expression, * p<0.01. All data represents mean ± Standard Deviation obtained from at least four independent experiments. (D) Quantitative analysis of IL-10 and TGF-β mRNA expression in pericytes (PC), after 72 hours in different conditions of culture (pericytes in presence of GBM cells: GBC-PC; pericytes in presence of several dilutions of GBM conditioned media: PC + ½, ½ GB media. Results are presented relative to those of basal levels in control pericytes at 72 hours of culture, and normalized to the housekeeping reference gene expression, * p<0.01. All data represents mean ± Standard Deviation obtained from at least, five independent experiments using U373 and U87 GBM lines independently.