The data were collected from China’s 2000–2013 maternal and child health surveillance system, which was nationally and originally collected from maternal and child death records. The data were reported from maternity and child care institutions in 336 locations and were investigated by level. We selected the following maternal and child health outcome indicators: incidence of birth defects (IBD), MMR, under 5 mortality rate (U5MR), and neonatal mortality rate (NMR). We calculated the estimated values, sample size and standard error for the causes of death based on location (urban and rural areas) and gender.