AA, dithiothreitol (DTT), H2DCF, H2O2, DMPO, DMS, DMSO, and penicillin–streptomycin were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). MitoSox red was purchased from Invitrogen (Waltham MA, USA). DMEM/F12, RPMI1640 and fetal bovine serum were purchased from HyClone (Logan, UT, USA). NaBH4 was obtained from Sinopharm chemical reagent (Shanghai, China). SPME holder and 75‐μm carboxen‐PDMS SPME fiber was purchased from Supelco (Bellefonte, PA, USA). Ni‐Trap nickel‐chelating column was obtained from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany). Thrombin kit was purchased from New England Biolabs (Ipswich, MA, USA). Fast Mutagenesis System was obtained from Transgene (Beijing, China). MDA and cell survival rate kits were obtained from Jiancheng Biotech (Nanjing, China).