The initial grading of the maize used in this study did not reveal any evidence of insect infestation. However, after three months of storage, insects were present under all treatments (Table 3). When the woven bags in Arkansas were opened, a large number of adult Indian meal moths (Plodia interpunctella) were present at the grain surface. Only a few moths were observed in the woven bags stored in Indiana. No Indian meal moths were observed when the PICS bags were opened. All grain in the storage bags was passed through a sieve to collect the insects. In the three woven bags from the Arkansas location, 841 (SE = ± 62) insects per kg of maize were counted, which was significantly (P < 0.01) more than the 10 (SE = ± 1.2) insects per kg of maize in the PICS bags. Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) was the predominate insect. Also present were parasitic wasps, rusty grain beetles (Cryptolestes ferrugineus), and unidentified beetles and insect larvae. Insect populations were lower in Indiana, with 25 (SE = ± 1.1) and 5 (SE = ± 0.8) insects per kg of maize in the woven and PICS bags, respectively. There was a significant difference (P < 0.01) between the bag types, and the insects identified were similar to those found in Arkansas.Table 3Number of insects in PICS and woven bags after three months of storage in Indiana and Arkansas.aTable 3IndianaArkansasPICSWovenPICSWovenTotal5.0 ± 0.8 Ac25 ± 1.1 A10 ± 1.2 A841 ± 61.7 BWeevils3.9 ± 0.8 A19 ± 2.1 A2.1 ± 0.5 A589 ± 37.4 BBeetles0.1 ± 0.06 A3.5 ± 1.0 A7.0 ± 1.3 A66 ± 5.4 BParasitic Wasps0 A0 A0 A132 ± 14.6 BIMMb0 A0.1 ± 0.05 A0 A4.2 ± 0.6 BLarvae1.0 ± 0.3 A1.4 ± 0.6 A0.7 ± 0.2 A46 ± 10.4 BaValues are the mean number of insects per kg of maize ± SE.bAdult Indian Meal Moths.cLetters represent significance (P < 0.01) across each row.