Using the medical record system of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), a total of 371 patients who were admitted to our hospital with FUO and finally diagnosed with TB in the past 10 years (from January 2006 to December 2015) were analyzed (including 3 categories: patients with positive results using acid-fast bacilli-associated etiological examination, patients whose histopathological findings were inconsistent with TB, and patients who obtained a good outcome with clinical diagnosis and diagnostic antitubercular therapy [ATT]). Among these, a total of 8 cases were diagnosed as TB-HLH. Within the same period, a total of 294 patients diagnosed with HLH had been discharged from the hospital, and a total of 227 cases were verified to satisfy the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria with complete information available for analysis.