Several high-throughput studies have provided strong evidence that miRNAs might negatively or positively regulate the viral life cycle or play a critical role in host-virus interactions (Huang et al. 2007). These important features make miRNAs potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of several infectious diseases such as dengue, for which neither therapeutic treatments nor vaccines are currently available. Studies exploring the interaction between DENV and cellular miRNAs will be important for providing insights into the cellular defences against DENV. However, very few reports show the effect of cellular miRNAs on DENV infection or on the changes in miRNA expression during DENV infection. In this study, we focused on the effect of DENV infection on the expression of miR-484 and miR-744 and on the involvement of these two miRNAs on DENV replication when overexpressed. We report that the 3′ UTR of all four DENV serotypes present target sequences for cellular miRNAs, including miR-484 and miR-744. Interestingly, these miRNAs target a sequence localised in the 3′-SL of the 3′ UTR of DENV RNA. Since this 3′-SL contains the 3′CS and 3′UAR elements that are critical for efficient host and viral protein recruitment involved in viral replication, we suggest that the interaction of the 3′ UTR with miR-484 or miR-744 might alter the viral life cycle. This notion is strengthened by the results obtained in Vero cells expressing GFP-fused to the 3′ UTR of DENV plasmids that showed decreased GFP expression (Fig. 2A-B). However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis, since overexpression of GFP-fused to the 3′ UTR of the DENV constructs in the presence of a plasmid containing the miR-744 gene did not yield the same results, except with pGUD1, i.e. we did not observe decreased GFP expression (Fig. 2C-D). However, it should be considered that although our in silico prediction of miR-484 and miR-744 interaction with DENV RNA relies on sequence complementarity and site homology, the seed sequence complementarity (shaded nucleotides) is lower for miR-744 than that for miR-484 (black circles) as shown in Fig. 1B, indicating that these two miRNAs have different sequences, including the seed sequence present in the first nucleotides from the 5′ end.