The data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test of normality was conducted for all quantitative variables. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to assess the trends in changes in the NRS and ODI scores. Individual time point differences were determined by the Bonferroni post hoc test, and the results of the five clinical tests were analyzed with the McNemar test.