In many genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for TGW and GpS, many loci were found to be associated with only one of the traits [4, 29, 50]. The favored haplotypes at these loci should increase the phenotypic value of the one trait without negatively affecting the phenotypic value of the others. Thus, selection of such QTL was likely a major factor in changing the relationship between TGW and GpS over time. Similarly, selection of the favored haplotype (TaFlo2-A1b) identified in this study would help to increase TGW without reducing the average GpS in wheat.