In mice immunized with isolated TGC alone, only EAO is inducible without epididymo-vasitis21. This EAO model has been found to involve Th1-cell-dependent autoimmunity; however, B-cell lineages were also related to the development of EAO in the present study. Several IgG immune deposits are present in EAO lesions. Various immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA) against TGC were detected in TGC-induced EAO mice sera in the present study. TGC-induced EAO is unique as serum autoantibodies are only produced against the acrosomes of ES and round spermatids252632. Previously, we had observed that there were some molecular differences between TGC and ES antigens that reacted with autoantibodies using Western blot32. Considering that epididymitis does not occur in TGC-induced EAO, the AI analysis was performed using TGC rather than ES.