Of the typed 111 mtDNA profiles, we excluded the site Vörs-Papkert from the population genetic analyses, because it represents a 9th–10th-century late Avar-Slavic mixed population in Transdanubia (western-Hungary). On the other hand, we included 26 samples from medieval Hungary described by Tömöry et al.12, and 19 samples from medieval Slovakia13 into the population genetic analyses because of their similar historical, chronological and geographical traits to the new sample sets. We created three groups from a total of 150 analyzed Carpathian Basin samples for population genetics analyses: (1) conquest-period dataset (75 new samples and 26 samples described by Tömöry et al., 2007); (2) Avars in the southeastern part of today’s Hungary (26 samples) (3) “contact zone” (23 samples of the conquest-period derived from the outskirts of medieval Hungary: 4 new samples from today’s Croatia and 19 samples from the cemeteries of Nitra-Šindolka and Čakajovce (today’s Slovakia) described by Csákyová et al.13 (Supplementary Table S4).