Comparison among Esc(1–21), Esc(1–21)-1c and LL-37 on the in vivo gene expression in the lungs of mice. Effects of peptides on the expression of different inflammatory genes (panel a) or mucociliary-associated genes (panel b) in the lungs of mice after 24 hours from peptide administration at 0.1 mg/kg. AMPs treatments at 0.1 mg/kg do not noticeably affect the expression of inflammation and mucociliary clearance-related genes. Results are mean ± SEM from two independent experiments; n = 4–6 mice for each group in each experiment.