Secondly, mental Qigong practice becomes relevant especially in persons who do not have the possibility to engage in Qigong training physically, either on the short-term, or on the long-term perspective. For instance, in stroke patients who have a low capability to move, mental training of the Qigong technique Wu Qin Xi would be an appropriate intervention to induce low frequencies in EEG brain activity and especially stimulate the Mu wave activity in the motor and premotor areas. Recent research has shown that mental practice in the form of motor imagery causes comparable patterns of brain activation as physical training of the movement. The rationale behind is that mental practice with motor content engages areas of the brain that govern movement execution (for an overview see Cicinelli et al., 2006; Sharma and Baron, 2013). Increases in alpha power are reported during mental practice of swimming movements (Beyer et al., 1990). In the same line, changes in EEG alpha oscillations in mental practice of volleyball serves were observed (Stecklow et al., 2010). Transient activations of the M1 area during mental practice are reported (Jeannerod, 1994, 2006; Pfurtscheller et al., 1997; Romero et al., 2000; Munzert et al., 2009). More precisely, inhibition of a movement leads to synchronization in alpha activity whereas preparation, execution and imagery lead to a de-synchronization in sensorimotor areas in the alpha and beta bands (Neuper et al., 2005; Neuper and Pfurtscheller, 2010). In a recent study, it was shown that these specific neuronal circuits are built with increasing experience with a motor task (Nakata et al., 2010). Reiterated engagement of motor areas as in mental Wu Qin Xi training is intended to influence brain plasticity phenomena, improving functional outcomes (Cramer et al., 2011; Dimyan and Cohen, 2011; Moisello et al., 2013). Recently, the rehabilitative potential of motor imagery was shown contributing to significantly better motor functional outcomes in sub-acute stroke patients with severe motor impairments (Pichiorri et al., 2015). Further, in patients with chronically relapsing diseases of the musculoskeletal system mental practice of Wu Qin Xi would be a suitable therapeutic intervention. Finally, in achievement sports, when athletes experience phases of immobility due to sports concussions, mental practice of Wu Qin Xi Qigong would be an appropriate alternative to physical training.