For further confirmation of myelination process and the synthesis of MBP by MO-hUCBSC treatment after SCI, RT-PCR analysis was used. There was a change in the mRNA levels after SCI was determined utilizing standardized RT-PCR analysis. Qualitative analysis of RT-PCR findings in all groups revealed considerable upregulation of mRNA gene of MBP in SCI-MO-hUCBSC treated group when compared with SCI group. Application of one-way ANOVA revealed that the density of RT-PCR bands was increased in treatment groups, F(5, 6) = 1077, p < .001. Moreover, post hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test revealed that the density of RT-PCR bands was significantly increased in SCI-MO (p < .01), SCI-hUCBSC. and SCI-MO-hUCBSC (p < .001) groups than in SCI group. Application of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between SCI-MO-hUCBSC, SCI-MO, and SCI-hUCBSC groups (p < .05; Figures 15 and 16). Figure 15.The effect of hUCBSC-MO treatment in upregulation of myelin basic protein in the spinal cord after injury. Intraperitoneal injection of MO (150 mg/kg) was started one day after injury and continued once a day for 14 days after injury. Intraspinal grafting of hUCBSCs was started 24 hr after injury. Data are represented as mean of RT-PCR bands density ± SEM (n = 2) and analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. ***p < .001 shows significant difference between SCI versus intact. #p < .05, ##p < .01, and ###p < .001 versus spinal cord injury. Φ shows significant difference between SCI-MO-hUCBSC and SCI-hUCBSC (p < .05). $, $$, and $$$ show significant difference between SCI-MO-hUCBSC and SCI-MO (p < .05, p < .01, and p < .001, respectively). Note. hUCBSCs = human umbilical cord blood stem cells; MO = Melissa officinalis; SCI = spinal cord injury; SEM = standard error of the mean; ANOVA = analysis of variance. Figure 16.Expression of myelin basic protein in injured and treated spinal cords of rats. RT-PCR analysis of myelin basic proteins depicting SCI, SCI-MO, SCI-hUCBSC, and SCI-MO-hUCBSC groups. Housekeeping gene GAPDH was utilized as loading control. Note. RT-PCR = reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; hUCBSC = human umbilical cord blood stem cell; MO = Melissa officinalis; SCI = spinal cord injury; GADPH = glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.