Neither SR and RFA were adopted for recurrent HCC treatment if a patient had any symptoms and signs of irreversible liver decompensation and severe portal hypertension such as jaundice, ascites, encephalopathy, PTINR >1.5x, the presence of severe varix, and thrombocytopenia with a platelet count < 50 x× 109/Cumm. Repeated hepatic resection was considered if a patient had a single tumor or tumors within a monosegment of liver with good liver function reserve. Repeated hepatic resection was generally avoided if patients had gross ascites, an indocyanine green (ICG) retention rate of more than 20% at 15 minutes and/or a serum total bilirubin level of more than 1.5 mg/dL, or the presence of moderate esophageal varix. RFA was generally selected in patients with Child-Pugh class A or B disease, prothrombin time ratio of more than 50%, and platelet count of more than 50 000/mm3 (50 × 109/L). RFA also was considered if the indocyanine green (ICG) retention rate was more than 20% at 15 minutes or recurrent tumors in a deep-seated intraparenchymal location where anatomical resection would remove more than one segment of liver, resulting in insufficient liver reservation. CT guided RFA was more preferred than sono-guided RFA if the tumor size was small and invisible by sonogram, difficult to approach due to altered anatomy, and tumors in high-risk locations, which was defined as tumors less than 5 mm adjacent to the hollow viscera, big bile duct, gallbladder, diaphragm, liver capsule, liver hilum, heart, major portal or hepatic vein.