We next tested the ability of our method to narrow down the location of recombination events to known recombination hotspots inferred from the HapMap data17. In the refined map, the mean recombination rate around hotspot centres is much higher than for the unrefined map, and is much more comparable to the rates estimated by HapMap (Fig. 1c). Likewise, the refined map shows marked improvement in the localization of events compared to previous pedigree maps (Supplementary Fig. 2c). Increased recombination rates are observed at LD-inferred hotspots in both males and females (Fig. 1d). While the elevation in recombination rate observed at hotspots is higher in females, the fold increase over the background rate is similar between the sexes (females: 19.5 cM per Mb/2.0 cM per Mb=9.75. Males: 12.3 cM per Mb/1.3 cM per Mb=9.46).