Despite inequalities in international and domestic maternal and child health, research in this area is still relatively scarce. After literature searches of the Web of Science, Engineering Village, Wiley Online Library, Science Direct, Springer Link, VIP, Wangfang Data, and CNKI databases, we found only 30 articles focusing on the equality of maternal and child health. Moreover, studies related to the theory of equality of maternal and child health services started later in China. An analysis of the Chinese literature indicated that related studies gave priority to a cross-sectional design (e.g., a study of the current situation and the equity of the intervening measures to promote maternal and child health coverage in China , an analysis of the MMR, child mortality and impact factor levels , and an analysis of the equality of basic public health services between different regions ). Fewer longitudinal studies have been performed (e.g., an analysis of the equality allocation of maternal health care resources in China between 2005 and 2009 ); moreover, these studies have focused on analysing the health input dimensions and the disparity in the MMR in urban and rural areas between 1996 and 2006 . Moreover, studies on the developing equality trend for only one outcome indicator lack a comprehensive analysis of the equality trend in multiple indicators of maternal and child health outcomes and the causes of death.