Western blot was done as previously described (Coller and Parker 2005; Sweet et al. 2012; Zeng and Jin 2016). Briefly, fractions from polysome profiling were resolved by SDS–PAGE; and proteins in unfixed gels were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes (GenScript) for 30 min at 100 V in a Mini Trans-Blot apparatus (Bio-Rad). Protein bands were detected with anti-GST (Invitrogen) or anti-His antibodies (Sigma-Aldrich). Northern blots were done as previously described (Coller and Parker 2005; Sweet et al. 2012). RNA samples were separated on a 5% urea acrylamide gel, transferred to nylon membranes, and probed overnight with a luciferase gene-specific 32P-labeled DNA probe. Blots were exposed to PhosphorImager screens, scanned by a Storm 840 scanner, and quantified with ImageQuant software.