A previous study has shown that, among patients with FUO who were finally diagnosed with TB, those with bloody disseminated TB and tuberculous meningitis accounted for 4% and 6% of the cases, respectively. Most patients with TB and HLH reported previously have had underlying diseases, such as chronic renal failure, cancer, diabetes, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, and renal failure. Though this group of patients did not have underlying diseases, they were in poor condition. A high proportion of disseminated pulmonary TB and tuberculous meningitis was also present. In the blood system, the levels of hemoglobin and platelets decreased in the patients with TB-HLH in our study, and coagulation abnormalities were more severe than those commonly observed in patients with TB. Among the 8 patients with TB-HLH, 5 patients eventually developed respiratory failure, and none of them had renal failure.