The existing studies suggest evidence for possible associations of PM2.5 exposure with SARDs development and JIA in younger age cohorts, but the evidence is less clear for links between air pollutant exposures and the development of RA. Additional epidemiologic work is suggested to improve upon existing analysis methods and expand studies of the effects of air pollution on disease phenotype and prognosis. More basic science and translational studies may also help to discover and explain the mechanisms behind progression from pollution related immune stimulation to the formation of antibodies and ultimately to progression of clinically apparent disease.