The insulin-like superfamily includes two major subgroups, ILPs and the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) (Chandler et al., 2015). The role of the insulin pathway is very diverse and includes not only glucose homeostasis but also regulation of growth, longevity, and reproduction . IAG is the sole ILP widely found in decapod crustaceans thus far, with the exception of a Drosophila ILP7 ortholog of unknown function, identified in a spiny lobster species . IR and IGF1R are transmembrane receptors activated by insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). During the process of the AG development, 25 differentially expressed genes in the insulin signaling pathway were identified, among which were insulin receptor, translation initiation factor, factor facilitated glucose transporter, phosphorylase kinase gamma subunit, fatty acid synthase, and hormone-sensitive lipase genes. Unigene10231 and CL1931, mapped to the reference of insulin receptor cDNAs, are key genes in the insulin signaling pathway in E. sinensis.