Panc1 cells (ATCC) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (high glucose). Panc1 clones 2G6 (low integrin α6β4) and 3D7 (high integrin α6β4) were characterized and cultured as described previously56. Suit2 (Dr. Takeshi Iwamura, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan) and AsPC1 cells (America Type Culture Collection, ATCC) were maintained in RPMI 1640. Media was supplemented with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO), 1% penicillin, 1% streptomycin, and 1% L-glutamine (GIBCO by Life Technologies, Grand Island, NY).