Because we detected upregulation of EGFR and amphiregulin for some bacterial strains in initial screening experiments, we also investigated the expression of these genes in the different cell lines (Supplementary Figure S2). Amphiregulin was upregulated by N. gonorrhoeae and S. Enteritidis in ME180 cells, and some induction could also be detected in Caco-2 cells for S. Enteritidis (Supplementary Figure S2). Similarly, EGFR was induced only by H. pylori and most pronounced in AGS cells (Supplementary Figure S2). These results strengthen the findings of the screening experiments, which showed that the induction of EGFR and amphiregulin are cell type and species specific, and are possibly not related to EGR1 upregulation.