TNF-α knockout simulations show that there is no significant reduction in TD and other proinflammatory signals (Fig 10). This result is in line with clinical data and pharmaceutical studies discussed previously [6, 18, 19]. The IL-6 deletion allows the adaptive immune signals, T17, T8, I21 (data not shown) and I17 to maintain at the baseline level, and results in a significant reduction of TD (<10%) at the steady state (Fig 10), whereas innate proinflammatory signals such as Iα maintains at a relatively high level (blue triangles in Fig 10). While the IL-17 knockout leads to the results similar to those in the deletions of Th17 and CD8+T, the IFN-γ deletion results in TD (at the steady state) at a relatively high level (~32%, black asterisks in Fig 10).