A recent multicentric study from India reported incidence rates of endophthalmitis after vitrectomy surgery to be 0.052% with culture-positive endophthalmitis being 0.031%. Although worldwide large multicentric studies have been conducted, these are also not without limitations. These retrospective multicentric studies had among centers heterogeneous case selection criteria, had contrasting antibiotic prophylaxis practice patterns, had different infection control protocols, and had different laboratory and treatment protocols which could affect the anatomical and functional outcomes.