In the present study, finer and shorter nanoscale fibrils were expected in the CNCH2SO4 and CNCCr(NO3)3; however, this was not obvious from the FESEM micrographs, as shown in Figure 4b,c. This was accredited to the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding within the cellulose chains. As a result, the cellulose fibrils tended to agglomerate with each other during the freeze-drying process owing to the higher number of OH groups on the cellulose fibrils. A similar morphology has also been reported for the nanocellulose derived from flax and microcrystalline cellulose . In order to confirm the successive production of nanocellulose, more insight into the particle size and dimension of CNCH2SO4 and CNCCr(NO3)3 in suspension was observed through TEM analysis.