Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines expression profiles in the target tissues of chickens when infected by H5N6. At 3 days post-infection, the target tissues (i.e., brain, lung, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius) of H5N6-infected chickens were harvested for proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines mRNA level detection via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) IL-8, (D) IL-10, (E) TNF-α, (F) CCL5, (G) IFN-α, (H) IFN-β, (I) IFN-γ. Data are expressed as M ± SD. Differences were analyzed with a paired Student’s t-test and considered statistically significant at ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01 compared to the control. B, Brain; L, Lung; S, Spleen; BF, Bursa of Fabricius.