Before 2009, all cases underwent 20-G pars plana vitrectomy. After that the practice shifted to MIVS and the number of cases undergoing 20-G vitrectomy declined considerably. Of the 111,876 vitrectomies performed during the study period, 70,585 (63.1%) were 20-G surgeries and 41,291 (36.9%) were MIVS. Before the year 2000 the hospital infection control protocol included pre-operative antibiotics (sulfacetamide, 10.0%) eye drops four times per day for atleast 3 days prior to surgery. Intra-operatively, peri-ocular cleaning was done with 0.5% cetrimide solution (Cettan, Tansi Polish Unit, Chennai). After the year 2000, preoperative antibiotic protocol included instillation of ciprofloxacin (0.3%) or sulfacetamide (10.0%) eyedrops 2 hourly one day before surgery. Pre-operatively 5% povidone-iodine solution was instilled in conjunctival sac and was allowed a contact period of 3 minutes followed by peri-ocular cleaning with 1% povidone iodine solution before draping. The details of indication for surgery, additional procedures performed along with vitrectomy, gauge of vitrectomy instruments, lens status at the end of vitreous surgery, type of tamponade used during surgery, and surgical time were noted in all the cases who developed endophthalmitis.