Despite that to a large extent this study has been able to answer intended research questions also it has some limitations. First in this study male information was extracted using female partner. A use of this approach in one way or another might affect the result in this study because female partner is more likely to have recall bias however the findings of this study correlate with other studies which interviewed men [20, 30]. Second the possibility of desirability bias is also expected because mothers attending PMTCT services are trained on PMTCT hence they tend to answer what they think is expected from them. Thirdly, the cross section nature of this study will not prove if the associated factors of male involvement are actually causal. However, most factors identified are also supported by robust studies done elsewhere. Fourth, we anticipated that the use of pre-prepare structure questionnaire may results into information bias, to minimizes this all interviewers were oriented to the meaning and intention of every question before beginning the study. Finally this study was done into a single selected region in Tanzania this might limit generalizability of its findings.