The Dutch version of the Adult Self Report (ASR)  was assessed orally and filled out by the researcher to obtain current psychological functioning. ASR part VIII consists of 123 items on internalizing and externalizing problems during the previous 6 months. The reliability of the questionnaire is good, with a Cronbach’s α of 0.83. In this study the ASR total problem score and the scores of nine subscales were used as outcome measures. The subscales are: anxious/depressed, withdrawn, somatic complaints (internalizing problems); intrusive, rule-breaking and aggressive behaviour (externalizing problems); thought problems, attention problems and substance use. The prevalence of serious dysfunctioning on all subscales is presented in Table 1. The mean scale scores per class as outcome measure are based on percentile scores  (Table 5).Table 1Descriptive characteristics in percentages (N = 390) Socio-demographic characteristics Mean age21.7 years old Born in The Netherlands Yes76.6 Dutch ethnicity Yes12.6 Educational level Primary36.5 Junior secondary44.7 Senior secondary17.5 Other1.3Family characteristics Family problems in youth Yes63.2 Police contact of family members in youth Yes19.0Service use Service use Yes83.3 Frequency of service use None16.2 Once28.0 2 or 336.5 4 or more19.3Prevalence serious dysfunctioning (%)a Psychological functioning previous 6 months (ASR) Total problems29.8 Anxious/depressed30.8 Withdrawn51.2 Somatic complaints29.3 Intrusive7.7 Rule-breaking behaviour44.7 Aggressive behaviour28.0 Attention problems30.6 Thought problems34.2 Substance use53.0Delinquent behaviour from onset till young adulthood (SRD) Committed at least one offence Yes93.3 Destruction/public order offence Yes62.6 Property offence Yes85.9 Aggression/violent offence Yes73.1 Drug offence Yes59.2Delinquent behaviour previous 6 months (SRD) (N = 179)b Committed at least one offence Yes63.0 Destruction/public order offence Yes10.8 Property offence Yes27.1 Aggression/violent offence Yes21.6 Drug offence Yes21.0 aPrevalence of serious dysfunctioning is based on percentile scores in the borderline (between the 84th and 90th percentiles) and clinical range (above the 90th percentile)  bSelf-reported delinquency in the previous 6 months has been added during the study and measured in 179 participants