The HLH-2004 and H-score scoring systems were highly consistent in diagnosing patients with HLH in this study. All 8 TB-HLH patients met the criteria of the 2 diagnostic systems. The mean disease course of all patients diagnosed with HLH was 7.625 months. It is worth noting that HLH was diagnosed before TB in 5 patients. The 8 patients with secondary HLH were diagnosed with pulmonary TB (4 cases), miliary TB (2 cases), abdominal TB (1 cases), and tuberculous meningitis (1 case). Regarding complications, 1 patient suffered a pulmonary bacterial infection during the course of treatment, and another patient was infected with cytomegalovirus after diagnosis (CMV-DNA 1900 copies/mL) that resolved after 1 week with antiviral therapy.