Testes, epididymis, submaxillary gland, spleen, heart, kidney, muscle, small intestine, liver, brain, lung, and pancreas from normal control A/J mice were evaluated at 8 weeks of age (n = 4) for expression analysis in the various organs. Testes from normal A/J mice were evaluated at 2 weeks of age (n = 4) for analysis of expression that was related to spermatogenesis. TGC and ES were excised from 10-week-old mice (n = 4), minced with scissors in cold HBSS, and passed through a stainless steel mesh. TGC and ES were harvested by centrifugation at 400 g for 15 min and washed three times in cold HBSS.