The Chinese Eumeninae were first catalogued by Liu (1936–1937) resulting in a list of 57 species divided among nine genera. Unfortunately, his research stopped after his only revision (Pareumenes; Liu 1941). Lee (1982a, 1985) published the most recent key to the genera of Eumeninae in China, including only 25 genera (for 65 species and 13 subspecies). Finally, Zhou et al. (2011) listed 45 genera present in China and included 172 species and 50 subspecies. Several scattered papers have been published on Chinese Eumeninae, but a thorough inventory is lacking (Zhou et al. 2012, 2013; Li and Chen 2014a, 2014b, 2015, 2016a, 2016b; You et al. 2013; Ma et al. 2016, 2017; Nguyen and Xu 2014; 2015; 2017; Yeh and Lu 2017; Tan et al. 2018a). The illustrated key to the genera of Chinese Eumeninae presented here includes 51 genera and the checklist contains 267 species and subspecies in total. One genus (Nortozumia van der Vecht, 1937) is reported as new to China. Two replacement names are proposed for junior primary homonyms: Ancistrocerus rufofrustius Tan & Carpenter, nom. n. replacing Ancistrocerus rufopictus (Kostylev) and Orientalicesa confasciatus Tan & Carpenter, nom. n. replacing Orientalicesa unifasciatus (von Schulthess, 1934).