Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK-2) is thought to be involved in the initiation/development of PD.53 Recently, research has shown that HOTAIR (Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA), an approximately 2.2-kb-long noncoding RNA transcribed from the HOXC locus, is upregulated in a mouse model of PD that is developed by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP. The upregulated HOTAIR can specifically increase the stability of LRRK2 mRNA and upregulated its expression, thus inducing DA neuronal apoptosis (Figure 3).54Figure 3Role of lncRNAs in PDNaPINK1 can stabilize PINK1 expression. AS Uchl1 can regulate the expression of UCHL1 at the post-transcriptional level and enhance contact between post-transcriptional mRNA and polysaccharides, thus promoting the translation process and increasing protein synthesis. HOTAIR can increase the stability of LRRK2 mRNA and upregulated its expression, thus inducing DA neuronal apoptosis. MALAT1 can upregulate a-synuclein expression, thus driving the pathogenesis of PD.