Dengue is considered one of the most important diseases transmitted by mosquitos, its incidence has increased at an alarming rate and it has become a public health problem over the last fifty years (Bhatt et al. 2013). Among the causes of this increase are social and demographic changes such as population growth and urbanisation together with the lack of programs for surveillance, prevention, and vector control. Dengue is transmitted by the bite of a mosquito (Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus) infected with one of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, which are genetically and antigenically related viruses. DENV is a member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus. The genome consists of a positive single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) of about 11 kb with a single open reading frame encoding one polyprotein that is processed by cellular and viral proteinases to form three structural and seven non-structural (NS) proteins (Chambers et al. 1990). DENV RNA is flanked by 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) that present high degrees of consensus sequences among the four serotypes. The 3′ UTR contains two secondary hairpin structures known as 3′-stem loops (3′-SLs) and a small hairpin that are important elements for viral replication/translation, and are the most conserved structures in Flavivirus RNAs. Cellular proteins such as the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) and the polypyrimidine tract-binding (PTB) protein are reported to interact with the 3′-SL, suggesting that both proteins may function as chaperones to maintain the RNA structure in a conformation that favours DENV replication (de Nova-Ocampo et al. 2002). Furthermore, Alvarez et al. (2008) described a sequence located upstream of the translation initiation codon in the 5′ UTR, complementary to a region present in the 3′-SL, designated as the 5′ and 3′ upstream AUG region (5’-3’UAR), which is also essential for RNA circularisation and thus for viral RNA synthesis by the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).