Our data indicate that GDM is associated with an altered neutrophil response, characterized by excessive pro-NETotic activity. In this regard, the enhanced pro-NETotic response in GDM appears somewhat similar to that observed in cases with T1DM or T2DM [recently reviewed in Ref. (15)]. In agreement with previous reports (30, 34), our data also suggest that HG conditions promoted a pro-NETotic state.