Due to the increasingly broad application of MoS2, the opportunities for MoS2 to be released to the environment and thus come in contact with environmental microorganisms will likely only increase in the future. Therefore, assessing the effects of MoS2 on microbial communities has become increasingly urgent and some efforts have already been made towards this goal. For example, Nilam and co-workers discovered that the graphene-like molybdenum disulfide nanosheets (MSNs) possessed antibacterial properties on E. coli and B. subtilis, by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) and morphological observation . Marek Kostecki et al. have demonstrated that MSNs have antibacterial and antifungal properties by SEM observation . These preliminary experiments gave new insights useful for assessing the microbial toxicity of MoS2. However, an in-depth mechanistic explanation for how MoS2 affects microbial cells is still needed.