Autophagy is a conserved process for engulfing cytosolic components (proteins, organelles, etc.) into a double-membraned structure, the autophagosome, which subsequently fuses with the lysosome (the vacuole in Saccharomyces cerevisiae) (Nair and Klionsky 2005; Glick et al. 2010). Autophagy provides building blocks during starvation and removes damaged or unnecessary organelles. Thus, autophagy is indispensable for intracellular homeostasis (Yang and Klionsky 2010). Autophagy can be divided into selective and nonselective types, depending on the substrates. The nonselective form of autophagy, called macroautophagy, is responsible for the turnover of cytosolic components. In this paper, “autophagy” will be used to refer to macroautophagy.