To the best of our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating school environment quality and assessing its influence on motor performance of children. In an attempt to fill this gap in the literature, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of extrinsic factors, represented by the quality and length of stay in day care, level of maternal education, and family socioeconomic status, on fine motor development of children aged two years. Considering that several studies indicate the influence of environment on the development of biologically healthy children,18 , 28 our hypothesis is that the higher the level of maternal education and the family socioeconomic status and the better the quality of day care, better will be the fine motor development of children at 2 years of age. It is also expected that children early enrolled in day care centers would have a better fine motor performance, since at 2 years of age the most motivated activities at home are related to gross motor skills and, in day care centers, fine motor skills are encouraged.27