A second line of argumentation is that breathing behavior in physical practice underlies a tighter regulation and a stronger forcing due to a coupling to the movement sequences of Wu Qin Xi than in mental practice. The breathing technique is strongly determined in the movement sequences of Wu Qin Xi, which might lead to the observed increase in low frequencies in the EEG in physical training due to a strong reinforcement by the movement sequences. Recent EEG studies have shown that abdominal breathing techniques lead to increased frontal theta activity (e.g., Yu et al., 2011; Chervin et al., 2012; Park and Park, 2012). Considering breathing as a meditation technique, it was observed that Shaolin Dan Tian Breathing increases EEG frontal theta activity (Chan et al., 2011). The authors argue that the observed increase in frontal theta activity in Shaolin Dan Tian Breathing is a correlate for an attentive mind. Further, several studies have shown that abdominal breathing enhances EEG alpha activity. For instance, Arambula et al. (2001) demonstrated increases in EEG alpha activity in abdominal breathing techniques. Increased alpha band activity with decreased theta band activity was achieved by abdominal breathing during Zen practice (Arita, 2012). Comparing alpha-1 and alpha-2 activity Fumoto et al. (2004) showed increases in alpha-1 activity with disappearance of alpha-2 activity in voluntary abdominal breathing. Therefore, a stronger reinforcement of breathing behavior by movement performance in physical training would be a suitable interpretation for the obtained pattern of EEG brain activity. This might explain a diminished theta activity in mental practice in the eyes-closed condition compared to physical training.