Table 5 presents the (geometric) average change of the estimations of the input-based Malmquist productivity index together with its decomposition into the components of efficiency change “Eff” (i.e. catching- up to the frontier) and technical change “Tech” (i.e. shift in the frontier). The index of the efficiency change component “Eff” is further decomposed into its two constituting indices of pure technical efficiency change “Pure.eff” and scale efficiency change “Scale”. The results are presented along with their 95% confidence intervals that were calculated applying the bias-corrected and accelerated (BCα) bootstrap methodology introduced by Efron and Tibshirani . Since Malmquist indices are given in geometric rather than arithmetic means, the methodology was applied in the way described by Atkinson and Wilson  where the bootstrap procedure is initially used to calculate the confidence intervals for the arithmetic mean of the log(index) values and subsequently take their exponential values in order to derive the confidence intervals for the geometric mean.