Meanwhile, a few scholars believe that early and effective ATT is the key to preventing HLH in TB patients, and is the cornerstone of TB-HLH treatment. Increased knowledge of TB infection, early diagnosis, and early treatment can, to a certain extent, prevent the occurrence of HLH. The mean disease course for patients was 7.6 months in our study. Specifically, there were 6 cases that developed within 6 months of initial presentation, and the disease progressed rapidly before and after admission to our hospital. These patients did not receive ATT previously. Thus, it is inadequate to assess whether effective TB treatment can prevent HLH.