These assays were mainly conducted with a subtype B. In a recent study, we carried out phenotypic assays using E157Q mutant generated in the subtype B context, but also in the CRF02_AG context. In this study, the E157Q site-directed mutants did not show an increased phenotypic resistance level to DTG or RAL both in B and CRF02_AG subtypes contexts . These in vitro phenotypic data are in accordance with the recent findings of the Italian study using similar phenotypic assays . However, we observed a slight increase of FC to EVG at 1.9 and 2.4 in the presence of E157Q in B and CRF02_AG contexts, respectively . Thus, E157Q polymorphism does not seem to impact phenotypic susceptibility to RAL or DTG, in contrast a potential low-level resistance, especially in the context of CRF02_AG recombinant, was observed for EVG.