We selected 23 modern populations from the GDM, MDS, and PCA datasets, which possibly had increased lineage-sharing with the conquerors and we compared them using a modern SHA (Supplementary Table S12). Populations speaking Uralic languages are not well studied for mtDNA, therefore we could only use Khantys, Mansis, Nenets, and Komis as references for Uralic peoples. The ancient conquest-period population had the highest lineage-sharing with the Tatars in Russian Tatarstan, and the Nenets and Komi groups (42–36%). They were followed by Hungarians, Russians in Bashkortostan, and three populations of almost identical percentages; Ukrainians, the Khanty and Mansi population, and Szeklers. When counting lineages, rather than the number of sequences, Csangos, Khantys and Mansis, and the population of the Russian Bashkortostan Republic were the third, fourth and fifth populations with the highest lineage-sharing (22.6–17%). Interestingly, the relatively low lineage sharing with Uzbeks and Turkmens did not reflect the high similarities visible on MDS and GDMs (Fig. 4, Supplementary Fig. S5).