Over the past years our group has focused on ECM remodelling in cardiac2,52,60,61 and vascular tissues3,4,57,59 using proteomics. In a previous review, we highlighted the potential of proteomics when applied to systems biology.62 A recent review by Chang et al.63 has focused on clinical applications of ECM proteomics (i.e. biomarker discovery and tissue engineering). In this review, we discuss how MS can be used to assess ECM composition in CVD.