The essence of translational research in the biomarker pipeline is to create a bridge from bench-derived or preclinical biomarkers to clinical utility. The clinical validation pipeline is comprised of various stringent phases through which preclinical biomarkers are tested before they can be certified for clinical utility. These biomarkers are applicable to various stages of PCa diagnosis and treatment as described below. Many of the currently emerging biomarkers have theranostic capabilities, implying that they possess predictive, diagnostic and prognostic potential [92–94] (Figure 3). Such double-edged “theranostic” biomarkers, which are capable of aiding diagnosis and well as serving as a means of treatment are very much needed in Africa where early diagnosis, treatment costs and patient compliance play a major role in PCa management outcome. Considering that the burgeoning biomarkers of PCa in the literature are poorly validated , more effort is needed to establish innovative ways to improve the success of emerging biomarkers through the validation phases and into clinical application.