The first years of a child's life are characterized by constant biological and psychosocial changes, which lead to major acquisitions in the motor, social-affective, and cognitive domains.1 During this period, the central nervous system (CNS) is constantly changing, myelination and synaptic organization reach the peak at 2 years of age, favoring the learning processes.2 , 3 However, the CNS is not the only factor responsible for motor development, it is also related to the musculoskeletal development and cardiorespiratory fitness, all influenced by stimuli and environmental factors.4 - 7 There is evidence that low socioeconomic status8 - 11 and family and school environment of poor quality can negatively influence the development of healthy children,8 , 10 , 12 , 13 while favorable environmental conditions, such as adequate stimuli, higher maternal education and socioeconomic status seem to positively influence children's motor and cognitive development.8 , 14 - 16