Figure 10(a) shows a side view of one unit cell of the TCAA integrated with the MS structure. The TCAA is made up of an infinite dipole array with overlapping arms and fed with lumped ports. It is oriented vertically along the y-z plane with arms printed on opposite sides of a thin printed circuit board (PCB) substrate. The blue colored arm of the dipole is on the top layer of the substrate and the orange colored arm is on its bottom layer. The purple region, indicated by y3, represents the amount of overlap with the arms of the adjacent elements. The arms were assumed to be perfect electric conductors (to significantly reduce the computational overhead) mounted on a Rogers RT/Duroid 6010 substrate with a dielectric constant of 10.2 and a thickness of 1.016 mm. Each element was driven with a lumped port whose active input impedance was (170 − j38) \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\rm{\Omega }}$$\end{document}Ω. Figure 10(b) shows the top view of the MS which is made up of a 5×5 array of the TC-UAJC MS elements within the TCAA unit cell. The dimensions of the MS were adjusted to account for the interactions between it and the antenna. The new optimized dimensions were: r1 = 1.59 mm, g1 = 0.9774 mm, g2 = 0.2384 mm, L2 = 4.4568 mm. All other dimensions remained the same.Figure 10TCAA integrated with the MS. (a) Side view of a unit cell with vertically oriented dipole arms printed on opposite sides of the PCB. Blue = top layer, orange = bottom layer, purple = overlap with adjacent elements. (b) Expanded top view of the modified MS within one unit cell. The dimensions of the various parameters of the TCAA-WAIM unit cell are: z1 = y1 = 4.0 mm, y2 = 8.0 mm, y3 = 1.0 mm, hair = 6.76 mm, hgnd = 28.25 mm, h = 1.016 mm, and dx = dy = 24.0 mm. (c) Perspective view of the unit cell.