Genus Enterovirus is divided into 12 species defined as Enterovirus A–H and J (EV-A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and J) and Rhinovirus A–C (RV-A, B and C) . BEVs belong to EV-E and EV-F (formerly known as BEV-A and BEV-B, respectively) and can be distinguished from other EVs by the unique secondary structure of their RNA genome: a 5′-cloverleaf and internal ribosome entry site (IRES) linked by additional nucleotide sequences at the 5′UTR [3–5]. Since the isolation of BEVs from cattle in the late 1950s [6–8], studies worldwide have detected BEVs not only in cattle but also in other animal species including possums, bottlenose dolphins, camels and alpacas [8–12]. Although BEVs have been classified based on virus antigenicity determined by cross neutralization testing [13–16], the genotype based on the capsid protein (particularly in VP1) amino acid sequences are also used to classify BEVs [4, 10–12, 17, 18]. BEVs are classified into 4 sero-/genotypes and 6 sero-/genotypes in EV-E (E1, E2, E3 and E4) and EV-F (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6), respectively.