T. chebula fruit were thoroughly washed with distilled water to remove dirt and soil, and dried under shade and ventilation. The dried fruits were ground using an electronic miller. The powder was extracted using 70% ethanol for 72 h at room temperature, filtered through Whatman filter paper No. 1, and concentrated using a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure. The dried extracts were stored in a refrigerator until for further use. Stock solution was aliquoted and stored frozen at −70 °C for up to 6 months. Freeze/thaw cycles were avoided.