SCI resulted in immediate paraplegia (loss of hind limb movement); hence the SCI group demonstrated significant changes in locomotion scores in comparison with intact group. hUCBSCs significantly enhanced locomotors function in rats when compared with SCI group. Furthermore, when intraperitoneal MO (150 mg/kg) was added a day after the injury, it significantly improved locomotors function in rats when compared with SCI group. The application of two-way ANOVA showed significant interaction between variables such as hUCBSCs therapy, MO treatment, and time, F(40, 270) = 29.37, p < .001. Application of post hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison tests showed significant improvement in motor function following 150 mg/kg MO treatment on Day 35, 42 (p < .01), 49, and 56 (p < .001) and hUCBSCs therapy on Day 14, 21 (p < .05), 28 (p < .01), 35, 42, 49, and 56 (p < .001) in comparison with SCI group. Furthermore, the combination of MO and hUCBSCs significantly enhanced motor function on Day 14, 28 (p < .01), 21, 35, 42, 49, and 56 (p < .001) in comparison with SCI group. There were no significant differences between SCI-MO, SCI-hUCBSC, and SCI-MO-hUCBSC groups (Figure 3). Figure 3.Effect of hUCBSC-MO treatment on motor function after SCI. Intraperitoneal injection of MO (150 mg/kg) was started 1 day after injury and continued once a day for 14 days after injury. Intraspinal grafting of hUCBSCs was started 24 hr after injury. Data are represented as mean of BBB score ± SEM, (n = 5–7) and analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. ***p < .001 shows significant different between SCI versus intact. ΩΩ, and ΩΩΩ show significant difference between SCI-MO and SCI. Φ, ΦΦ, and ΦΦΦ show significant difference between SCI-hUCBSC and SCI. ##, and ### show significant difference between SCI-MO-hUCBSC and SCI (p < .05, p < .01, and p < .001, respectively). Note. hUCBSCs = human umbilical cord blood stem cells; MO = Melissa officinalis; SCI = spinal cord injury; BBB = Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan; ANOVA = analysis of variance.