GO can also be readily manipulated via chemical functionalization and has been utilized to develop highly conductive nanocomposite of polystyrene with uniformly dispersed graphene sheets. The hydrophilic functional groups present on the edges and basal planes of graphene oxide allow them to be readily exfoliated into monolayer sheets to yield stable suspensions in water. Since GO offers different wettability it enables interaction with biological molecules such as DNA, proteins via adsorption and or chemical bonding, which has prompted several biomedical applications. Various applications such as drug/gene delivery, reinforcing fillers in ternary composites to enhance properties of drug delivery carriers, photodyanamic therapy, functionalisation of GO for anti-cancer therapy and for siRNA delivery into neural stem cells to enhance neuronal differentiation have been reported. . Furthermore, the sharp irregular edges present in GO are being exploited for antibacterial activity and recent reports show that they are effective towards Gram positive bacteria . Graphene oxide inclusion in orthopaedic bone cements based on poly(methyl methacrylate) have also been reported to enhance mechanical properties, particularly the fracture toughness and fatigue properties and as additives or coatings leading to the next generation of metals for biomedical applications . Notably, graphene oxide is being explored in bone, cardiac, cartilage and neural tissue engineering applications. Composite formulations with poly(vinyl alcohol-chitosan and GO nanofibers were reported to enhance the mechanical properties with excellent biocompatibility and were deemed feasible as artificial cartilage , whilst a layer by layer assembly of cells within GO sheets were built to create a multi-layer functional tissue construct from cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells.