In contrast to previous ‘diet learning’ simulation results [21, 22] we found that LE and SE are not sufficient for generating cumulative cultural increases in energy intake. Instead, cumulative cultural change is limited to environments with very high task difficulty (H=10) and when foragers are capable of OL. Thus it is possible that previous results  are not robust to the change in learning context, and/or to one of the other assumptions that we changed in our model: stochastic population dynamics with variable group sizes, evolved parameters and environmental change. This will have to be determined by further model studies that revisit the ’diet learning’ context and investigate whether stochastic population dynamics with variable group sizes, evolved parameters and environmental change alter the previously found results. For now, we conclude that finding cumulative cultural increases in energy intake is likely to be context dependent. In particular, our results here support the idea that cumulative cultural change is promoted by cognitively demanding forms of social learning [4, 13].