A. The ratio of apoptotic cells (i.e. the annexin V-positive/PI-negative fraction) was measured in PANC1 and SW-1990 cells after treatment with the indicated concentrations of PA-MSHA in serum-free media for 24 h. The results are representative of three independent experiments. B. The percentage of apoptotic cells showing the annexin V-positive/PI-negative fraction. The columns represent the mean ± SD of the three independent experiments. *p < 0.05 for PA-MSHA vs. controls.