It is of great interest to note that COPD and lung cancer are frequently induced by cigarette smoking, but these two disorders show opposite phenotypes [81, 82]. While COPD is featured by excessive lung injury and airway epithelial cell death, lung cancer is caused by unregulated proliferation of epithelial cells . Numerous epidemiological studies have linked the presence of COPD with increased lung cancer incidence, however, the molecular and cellular links between these two diseases remain obscure [5, 82–84]. Our network modeling research along this line remains for future.