As any fisheries samples, archaeological fish remains can be biased, for example; by season, fishing methods and market preferences, all of which could affect the size of the landed fish. A particular consideration for interpreting growth patterns based on Atlantic cod otoliths from archaeological sites is that growth trajectories differ between populations of Atlantic cod, importantly, between migratory and coastal ecotypes [61, 62]. Any shifts in population distributions or in the frequency of populations or ecotypes in the catch could result in concurrent signals of change in growth patterns. Ólafsdóttir et al.,  reported lower incident of PanI genotypes, representative of migratory Atlantic cod, in archaeological samples dated to post AD 1600. Therefore, we suggest that further research is needed to conclude on historical growth trajectories of migratory and coastal ecotypes.