There is an increasing confidence in our ability to understand the impact of identified coding variations. In addition, we are able to sequencing the entire protein coding regions in the genome also known as exome sequencing. Therefore, exome sequencing appears to be a promising omics tool for the rapid identification of functional variations. These thus provide an opportunity for small molecule development through pharmacogenomics and also serve as information for counselling to at-risk families with diseases. In recent times, exome sequencing was used to identify novel oral cancer genes and loci [148–151].