This paper focuses on Sami living in Norway, because Norway hosts the greatest part—about 70%—of the total known Sami population of the four countries . Consequently, most of the public health research related to Sami heredity is done among the Sami living in Norway . “The Sami living in Norway” consist of different groups like South Sami, Lule Sami, North Sami and Skolt Sami. This division is based on linguistic and geographical differences and contains of course several other features connected to culture, traditions and places . The Sami were acculturated in the aforementioned countries through an assimilation politics using educational and other public systems. A substantial number Sami children were placed in boarding schools, often miles away from their homes. The purpose of these measure was assimilate these children to the dominating culture by means of education [23–26]. These children, whose native language was Sami, had to learn to speak and learn in Norwegian and refrain from their native language .