The frequency of IFNγ‐producing T cells has been the most used parameter to assess an effective immune or vaccine‐induced response. Similarly to IFNγ, TNF is capable of mediating the killing of a variety of intracellular infectious viruses, bacteria, and parasites 44, 45. Although IL2 has little direct effector function, it promotes the expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, amplifying any potential effector T cell responses. Importantly, it has been demonstrated that frequency of cytokine‐producing T cells alone is not sufficient to predict protection. To provide prospective evidence of the quality of T cell response, vis‐à‐vis multifunctional T cells is required 23. Regarding dengue, compelling evidence of the importance of multifunctional T‐cells to mediate protection was found in Flavivirus‐naïve volunteers vaccinated with live, attenuated DENV‐1 vaccine, rDEN1Δ30. The authors observed that multifunctional T cells increased significantly in non‐viremic subjects tended to have a higher frequency of multifunctional T cells compared to viremic subjects. Therefore, the presence of multifunctional T cells following rDEN1Δ30 vaccine safely and effectively prompt immune responses associated with control of infection and protection from re‐infection 46.