ThyroSeq® v2, introduced in 2014 by CBL Path, is designed to identify malignant thyroid nodules by next generation sequencing (NGS), detecting 14 thyroid cancer-related genetic mutations, including RAS and BRAF mutations, 42 types of gene fusions associated with thyroid cancer, including PAX8/PPARγ and RET/PTC rearrangements, and mRNA expression levels for 16 genes; it is therefore considered a “rule-in” malignancy test (29). Among Bethesda Type III – IV nodules, the test is marketed as having a high Se, Sp, PPV, and NPV of 90–91%, 92–93%, 77–83%, and 96–97%, respectively, as well as having the ability to stratify risk based on the mutation detected (52, 53) (Table 3).