Another explanation is that the time point used was not representative of the plant response. For this, expression differences should be validated using qRT-PCR at several time points between inoculation and the appearance of symptoms on the susceptible vines. Moreover, a comparison of the molecular response between resistant and susceptible progenies to the biotrophic and necrotrophic phases of the pathogen would help to elucidate the hypothesis of susceptibility mediated by NB-LRR genes as stated above.