The L. plantarum G83 cells were harvested by centrifugation at 3,000 × g for 10 min at 4°C after growing in an anaerobic environment at 37°C for 24 h. The cell pellet was washed with sterile physiological saline twice. Finally, the cells were diluted to 5.0 × 108, 5.0 × 109, and 5.0 × 1010 colony-forming units (cfu) mL−1 in 200 μL of PBS for 14 consecutive days.