As predicted, older adults were significantly impaired in the ability to execute a recall-to-reject strategy, as well as a recall-to-accept strategy. This was driven by an increase in lure false alarms, coupled with an intact hit rate to studied items, replicating previous work (Koutstaal, 2003; Stark et al., 2015; Toner et al., 2009; Yassa et al., 2011). These findings are consistent with existing proposals that aging is associated with declines in the ability to use a recall-to-reject strategy in other domains, such as source exclusion tasks (Gallo et al., 2006) and associative recognition tests (Cohn et al., 2008). Interestingly, older adults’ false alarms were primarily associated with incorrect ‘remember’ responses, consistent with previous observations that increased false recognition with age is more often accompanied by high confidence, illusory recollection than increased reliance on familiarity (Dodson, Bawa, & Slotnick, 2007; see McCabe, Roediger, McDaniel, & Balota, 2009 for review). This tendency is thought to reflect impairments in postretrieval monitoring and evaluation processes with age (Dodson, Bawa, & Krueger, 2007; Gallo et al., 2006; Wong, Cramer, & Gallo, 2012), and may arise, at least in part, as a result of reductions in the availability of object information that can be used to detect a mismatch between targets and lures.