Thyroid oncogenesis is still under investigation, however a high frequency (70%) of activating mutations in components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was reported, such as BRAFV600E 5, 6 and HRAS/NRAS/KRAS point mutations7, 8. Also, fusions involving the RET9 and NTRK1 tyrosine kinases10 were described to promote thyroid cancers. More recently, the set of known PTC driver alterations was extended to include EIF1AX, PPM1D, and CHEK27.