We then sequenced the 28S rRNA genes and the ITS1–5.8S rRNA-ITS2 gene regions for both colonies. NK-NH1 displayed 99% and 100% sequence similarity to the 28S rRNA gene and ITS sequences of F. solani, respectively. NHI.2 displayed 100% and 99% sequence similarity with 28S rRNA gene and ITS sequences of F. oxysporum, respectively (Supplementary Table 2). Phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS region sequences of the two isolates (~520–542 bp for both isolates) is shown in Fig. 3c. The results from these analyses confirmed that strain NK-NH1 (KY410238) belongs to the Fusarium genus and belongs to the same clade as F. solani, whereas strain NK-NH2 (KY410239) is related to F. oxysporum. In addition, two representative sequences of high-throughput sequencing were OTU_1 and OTU_3, which were identified as F. solani and F. oxysporum respectively. The two OTUs could match ITS region sequences of the two isolates (Supplementary Fig. 3). Based on phylogenetic relationships, DNA sequencing results, morphological and micro-morphology features, and spore morphology in particular, we deduced that strains NK-NH1 and NK-NH2 were the major Fusarium species that exist in the hull surface samples and that NK-NH1 was the dominant fungal community member.