Figure 1 shows the mean power spectra for the theta, alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, and gamma band. The ANOVA of theta responses revealed significant differences for training, F(3,72) = 3.77, p = 0.014, ηP2 = 0.13. Post hoc comparisons showed that the spontaneous EEG theta power was significantly increased after physical and mental Qigong training compared to the video control condition, p = 0.03, and baseline rest, p = 0.01. No significant difference was obtained between physical and mental Qigong practice. The ANOVA of theta responses revealed highly significant differences between conditions (eyes-open, eyes-closed), F(1,24) = 8.92, p = 0.006, ηP2 = 0.27. The ANOVA of theta responses revealed significant results for training × condition, F(3,72) = 3.95, p = 0.012, ηP2 = 0.14. Post hoc comparisons showed that in mental practice theta activity was decreased in the eyes-closed condition compared to physical training, p = 0.007, video control, p = 0.021, and baseline rest, p = 0.015. The ANOVA of theta responses revealed significant differences between locations, F(4,96) = 3.41, p = 0.015, ηP2 = 0.12. Post hoc comparisons showed that spontaneous EEG theta power was increased at frontal, p = 0.017, central, p = 0.009, parietal electrodes, p = 0.021, and occipital electrodes, p = 0.007.