Genetic research of modern Hungarians has been a subject of four further mtDNA and Y chromosomal studies. Brandstätter et al. and Egyed et al. built the mtDNA control region and Y chromosomal microsatellite databases from different groups of modern Hungarians, including an “average” Hungarian group from Budapest and two groups of Hungarian minorities–Ghimes Csango and Szekler–living in modern Romania. Both Szeklers and Csangos were found to harbor some Asian genetic components, and the Csango population showed genetic signs of long term isolation, which differentiated them from the Szeklers and the population of Budapest192021. Asian genetic mtDNA and Y chromosome components are apparently rare in the modern Hungarian gene pool, which led Semino et al. to the conclusion that the Hungarian conquerors were in small number and that the Hungarian language could be an example of cultural dominance22. The pitfalls of the very hypothetical historical interpretation of modern day population genetic results have been critically reviewed by Bálint23.