All models were computed in R v. 3.2.343. Minimum adequate models were selected using backwards-stepwise selection, eliminating predictor variable with p values < 0.1. Once minimum adequate models were identified, the anova function was used to assess significance of each factor by obtaining F and p values. In all models apple mass flowering index values were log10(x + 1) transformed to account for overdispersion due to some farms having very high percentages of apple cover.