The scFvs, such as 2B10, generated in this study, can be used as potential anti-HIV-1 reagents for inhibiting HIV-1 subtype C infection, by virtue of the ability to further engineer such recombinant antibody fragments to increase their potency and breadth, and affinity by site directed mutagenesis. However, there are chances that such modifications can also lead to reduction in the potency and affinity of scFvs. Furthermore, the short half-life of scFvs can be circumvented by fusing them with immunoglobulin binding domains as described previously (65). Modifications such as conjugation with the Fc portion of antibodies (59, 66) can also impart scFvs with effector functions such as antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), enabling them to better serve as reagents for passive immunization or gene therapy. Additionally, the scFvs with diverse epitope specificities can be used for the construction of bispecific antibodies that have the ability to bind two different epitopes on the viral envelope (67).