Primers and primer design are described in Supplementary Material. We wished to estimate the IL-15 and IL-15Rα RNA that was made by adipocytes and SVF cells. Here, we distinguish contaminating adipocytes from all other SVF cells, which likely includes pre-adipocytes. We first used differentiated adult-derived human adipose stem cells (22) to confirm that adipocytes do not contain CD45 RNA. The SVF CD45 level was only 5% of that of blood mononuclear cells. Using this very conservative 5% level, we estimated the SVF RNA contamination of the adipocyte fraction, which had a median of 2.27%. Based on this measurement, we reasoned that the adiponectin level in the adipocyte fraction would closely estimate the percentage adipocyte RNA. We then used the adiponectin RNA level in the SVF to calculate the percentage of adipocyte RNA, which was a median of 0.5% compared to adipocytes. Using the amount of adiponectin signal in each SFV, we calculated the amount of IL-15 and IL-15Rα RNA that came from SVF cells.