For a MS to act as an efficient wideband WAIM, it must be able to fulfil certain basic criteria. Firstly, the intended operational frequencies of the antenna array should be considerably lower than the resonance frequencies of the MS to avoid the highly dispersive and lossy regions31. Secondly, it should have little effect on the phases of the signals incident upon it during scan across the whole band of interest in order to facilitate the same output response. Thirdly, it should be thin and light weight to help reduce the volume and profile of the antenna array.