One of the major changes in human history was the emergence of agricultural societies . About 13,000 years ago, farmers began to domesticated plants and animals for agriculture. Domestication was done by selecting plants and animals with suitable traits for farming like increased yield. As a result, the morphology of our cultivated plants was reshaped by human selection for a period certainly spanning thousands of years [2–4]. The domestication process offers an interesting glimpse of the broad adaptation process and of the genetic basis of morphological and physiological traits [5, 6]. It helps understand how a relatively lowly productive wild relative can be transformed into a high yielding cultivated variety. Insights into crop domestication have primarily come from cereals . Root and tuber crops are also a major contributor of starch to the human diet. These crops have the particularity of very often being vegetatively propagated . The domestication process increased their ability to store starch in their roots or tubers and other specialized storage organs as well as the size of these organs . Today it is not clear if the knowledge we have of the process of domestication of cereal crops can be extrapolated to root and tuber crops. For example, selection on several genes responsible for starch biosynthesis has been documented in maize [8, 9]. So, one would expect that domestication also allows more efficient production and/or storage of starch in root and tuber crops. One would also expect that domestication reshaped the formation and development of roots as a support for efficient starch storage.