Prior to the completion of the human genome project (which costed billions of dollars and lasted over a decade), only short fragments of DNA could be sequenced using methods such as polymerase chain reaction and hybrid capture [124, 125]. However, with the advent of massive parallel sequencing (also known as Next Generation Sequencing), millions of DNA fragments can now be sequenced even without prior knowledge of the sequence . With an exponential reduction in the cost of sequencing, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has improved the utility of various omics field in understanding disease specific genomes .