From metabolic pathway and network analysis, we observed that glutamate and pyruvate were converted into alanine and α-ketoglutarate by catalysis of alanine aminotransferase (ALT); Alanine and glyoxalic acid were converted into glycine and pyruvate by catalysis of Alanine-glyoxylate transaminase (AGT) (Fig 5). For those catalytic reactions, key enzymes and the EC number were listed in Table 4.