In the last decade, the importance of both whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the management of brain metastasis (BM) has been highlighted again with the latest improvement in prognostic stratification. Sperduto et al. published the results of a secondary analysis of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9508 trial comparing WBRT + SRS with WBRT alone in the management of 1–3 BMs . In that analysis, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was the dominant primary tumor. The patients with favorable prognoses showed improved survival when treated with WBRT + SRS compared to those treated with WBRT alone (p = 0.05). In their secondary analysis of the JROSG 99-1 trial, Aoyama et al. post-stratified the NSCLC patients. They reported that the patients with BM from NSCLC in the favorable-prognosis group had longer survival when treated with WBRT + SRS compared to those treated with SRS alone (p = 0.04) . The difference in overall survival was not observed in the worse-prognosis group (p = 0.86). For the patients with a good systemic condition and a small number of systemic metastases, improved intracranial tumor control could lead to prolonged survival.