Although after the application of two-way ANOVA, there was no significant difference between the right and left hind limb. The statistical analysis indicated that the means of recruitment index were significantly increased for left and right hind limbs in SCI-MO, SCI-hUCBSC, and SCI-MO-hUCBSC groups when compared with SCI group, F(5, 60) = 0.01, p < .001. Application of post-hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test as well as Bartlett’s test for equal variances showed significant improvement in electrophysiological activity of left and right hind limbs following 150 mg/kg of MO extract administration (p < .01), hUCBSC therapy, and hUCBSC-MO treatment (p < 0.001) in comparison with SCI group. There were no significant differences between SCI-MO, SCI-hUCBSC, and SCI-MO-hUCBSC groups (Figure 5). Figure 5.Effect of hUCBSC-MO on electromyographic activity after SCI. Intraperitoneal injection of MO (150 mg/kg) was started a day after injury and continued once a day for 14 days after injury. Intraspinal grafting of hUCBSCs was started 24 hr after injury. Data are represented as mean of recruitment index ± SEM, (n = 5–7) and analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test. ***p < .001 shows significant difference between SCI versus intact. ##p < .01 and ###p < .001 versus spinal cord injury. Note. hUCBSCs = human umbilical cord blood stem cells; MO = Melissa officinalis; SCI = spinal cord injury; SEM = standard error of the mean; ANOVA = analysis of variance.