In this case, appropriate access policies should be designed to efficiently shield poor households from the burden of carbon taxation Economic impacts (synergies and trade-offs) are associated with reduced energy demand, resulting in lower energy prices, energy efficiency investments, fostering innovation, and improvements in labour productivity Efficient appliances+ Reduce poverty due to less energy expenditures and other financial savings – The distributional costs of some mitigation policies supporting energy efficiency may reduce the dispos- able income of the poor