There is high agreement in model projections that the start of the phytoplankton Table 3.18 | Summary of previous IPCC assessments of phenological shifts and trophic mismatches Observations Projections AR5 WGII (Hoegh-Guldberg et al., 2014; Larsen et al., 2014) ‘Changes to sea temperature have altered the phenology, or timing of key life-history events such as plankton blooms, and migratory patterns, and spawning in fish and invertebrates, over recent decades