The biofuels supply chain may nega- tively impact air quality (e.g., due to increased fertiliser use) (medium confidence)+ Can help increase the share of renew- able energy in the global energy mix (high confidence)+ Could create jobs associated with the supply chain of biofuels + Could create jobs to build and operate the associated infrastructure (low confidence)+ R&D is critical for new fuels and to test the full life cycle costs of various heavy vehicle options; need to invest in supporting infrastructure (high confidence)+ Could reduce air pollution in cities (medium confidence)+ Reduction of GHG emissions (high confidence)± Could increase eutrophication in water bodies (high confidence)± Additional land use for biofuels may increase pressue on biodiversity