Technology-based adaptations (Section 3.6.3) have minimised aquaculture losses from ocean acidification, including early-warning systems to guide hatchery operations and culturing resilient shellfish Ecosystem service and chapter subsectionObserved impacts Projected impacts Observed impacts on marine organisms’ contribution to climate regulation not previously assessed.‘The effect of climate change on marine biota will alter their contribution to climate regulation, that is, the maintenance of the chemical composition and physical processes in the atmosphere and oceans