Virtual Reality on Pulmonary Function After Upper Abdominal Surgeries
After upper abdomen surgery, respiratory muscle dysfunction is well recognised. After laparotomy and even laparoscopy, maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures are lowered, and recovery can take several days. A variety of reasons have been implicated in such respiratory muscle dysfunction, including irritation and inflammation, as well as injuries near the diaphragm, resulting in local mechanical failure, reflex inhibition, and pain.
- EligibilityCriteria: Inclusion Criteria:  Patients undergone open upper abdominal surgery (hernia repair, cholecystectomy, large bowel removal, conventional laparotomy) no prior surgical intervention for esophageal, gastric, or biliary tract resection age 18-60 years acceptable physical condition (permitting pulmonary function and functional capacity test).  Exclusion Criteria:  Cerebrovascular disease use of immunosuppressants within 30 days of surgery cardiovascular instability chest physical therapy within the 8 weeks preceding study enrollment visual impairment or hearing impairment; bed-ridden patients; any lung disorders insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus less than 6-months post thoracic or cardiac surgery musculoskeletal impairment cognitive disorders Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery as this induces smaller changes in the postoperative breathing mechanics than laparotomy does heavy smokers or alcoholism - HealthyVolunteers: No - Gender: All - MinimumAge: 18 Years - MaximumAge: 60 Years - StdAgeList: Adult