Efficacy of Phentolamine in Prevention of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury After Complex PCI
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of phentolamine in prevention of CA-AKI following complex PCI in patients at high risk of CA-AKI.
- EligibilityCriteria: Inclusion Criteria:  Patients admitted to CCU with CAD. Patients underwent successful complex PCI defined as multivessel disease, more than two lesions, high coronary lesion complexity, chronic total occlusion, lesion length >30 mm, or bifurcation. Patients at high or very high risk for CA-AKI based on Mehran-2 CA-AKI Risk Score (Model 2).  Exclusion Criteria:  Patients with end stage renal disease on regular dialysis. Patients with failed PCI revascularization. Patients presented with STEMI and underwent primary PCI. Patients presented with high risk NSTEMI defined as elevated cardiac enzymes with chest pain refractory to medications and/or dynamic ST changes. Patients presented with cardiogenic shock. Patients presented with any degree of heart block. Patients with of history of asthma or hypersensitive for phentolamine. Patients on α-blockers, barbiturates or antipsychotic treatment. Patients intolerant to phentolamin with significant hemodynamic changes defined as >20% drop of systolic blood pressure (SBP) or >20% increase of heart rate (HR) after loading dose of phentolamine. - HealthyVolunteers: No - Gender: All - MinimumAge: 18 Years - StdAgeList: Adult, Older Adult