Functional Brain Network Changes in Patients Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor
The purpose of this study is to collect electrophysiological data related to functional brain network changes in patients undergoing deep brain stimulation for the treatment of essential tremor. Participants will be asked to remain seated with their head inside of a Magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording system as resting-state and task-related data are acquired. Spontaneous electrophysiological activity will be recorded in both the eyes open and eyes closed conditions with the participant seated comfortably. These recordings will be repeated in the DBS OFF and DBS ON states, with the ON state involving specific settings identified as optimal, sub-optimal, or ineffective at achieving tremor control. They will also be repeated following the optional administration non-DBS tremor mitigation techniques, which may include one or more of 1) cooling the limb, 2) oral administration of alprazolam, 3) oral consumption of ethanol (alcohol), or 4) peripheral nerve stimulation.
- EligibilityCriteria: Inclusion Criteria:  Between 40 and 80 years of age; Ability to provide informed consent; Clinical diagnosis of ET by a movement disorders neurologist with a disease duration of at least 3 years and being treated with a DBS; OR Clinical diagnosis of ET by a movement disorders neurologist with a disease duration of at least 3 years and not being treated with a DBS; OR No known neurological disease or disorder.  Exclusion Criteria:  Secondary Parkinsonism, stroke, or progressive central nervous system disease other than ET; Presence of active psychiatric symptoms meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for Axis-I disorder on formal psychiatric evaluation other than depression or anxiety. History of cognitive impairment meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th Edition (DSM-IV) criteria for dementia on formal neuropsychological evaluation, as documented in chart; Lack of English-language fluency which would interfere with the ability to understand the study consenting process and potential study risks; Hearing or visual impairment precluding testing; Motor impairment impacting test responses (i.e., orthopedic injury or disease). Anyone currently taking medications with Antabuse-like effects will be excluded from any alcohol administration. - HealthyVolunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers - Gender: All - MinimumAge: 40 Years - MaximumAge: 80 Years - StdAgeList: Adult, Older Adult - StudyPopulation: Participants will be selected from the known patient population from a large research medical center located in a medium-to-large American city. - SamplingMethod: Non-Probability Sample