Negative Serology by Immunoenzymatic Test (EIA) in HIV-infected Children Treated Early With Antiretroviral in the ANRS-Pediacam Study: Pathophysiological Mechanisms
The objective of the study is to identify the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for the induction and maintenance of negative serologies by EIA tests in HIV-infected children treated early with HAART in the ANRS 12225-Pediacam III cohort in Cameroon

The hypothesis of better control of HIV infection through interactions between immunological, viral, and genetic factors was made to build the following objectives:

Immunological aspect: lack of humoral response or immune activation
Virological aspect: Reduced HIV reservoir size
Determine the HLA phenotype in the different groups of children included and the KIR genotypes.
- EligibilityCriteria: Inclusion Criteria:  Case control study  Children included and followed in the ANRS 12225 study - Pediacam III Having plasma samples in the bio bank during the above-mentioned periods Case:children with at least one negative HIV serology made by ELISA, permanent or transientduring follow-up.  Control (4 groups)  HIV-infected children with positive serology and viral load (VL) <400 copies /ml HIV-infected children with positive serology and VL ≥400 copies / ml HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-positive mothers HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-uninfected mothers Selection of cases and controls will be matched on gestational age (premature <37, term ≥37 weeks) and year of birth (2007-2008 and 2009-2010).  Cross sectional study Inclusion criteria  All children still followed in the ANRS - Pediacam III cohort Written consent of one of the parents or the guardian and assent of the child if aged ≥ 11 years and complete disclosure of HIV statusfor infected children for participation to the study.  Exclusion Criteria:  Refusal by one of the parents or the guardian for the child's participation in the study No assent of the child (if aged ≥ 11 years and with complete disclosure of HIV status, for infected children) - HealthyVolunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers - Gender: All - StdAgeList: Child, Adult, Older Adult