Summarize what this article says about depression for a layman.

Major depression is one of the most prevalent and debilitating psychiatric afflictions. It is characterized by pervasive and recurrent episodes of low mood and motivation, despair and anhedonia. Despite the availability of several classes of antidepressants, more than a third of patients are either unremitting or relapsing (Bambico and Gobbi, 2008, Zisook et al., 2008). Antidepressants that are known to act on the brain's monoamine systems are limited by a delayed onset of therapeutic action. Moreover, the pathophysiology of depression is far from being fully elucidated. Multiple levels of dysfunction have been proposed, including impaired synaptic transmission of the monoamine 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT or serotonin) (Bambico et al., 2009a), which is produced by the midbrain raphe 5-HT neurons (Dahlström and Fuxe, 1964, Descarries et al., 1982), and known to regulate emotional, vegetative and neuroendocrine functions (Holmes, 2008). Not surprisingly, drugs that augment 5-HT transmission, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are most preferred first-line treatments (Vaswani et al., 2003). Their chronic application facilitates exocytosis of 5-HT and/or increases 5-HT synaptic availability in corticolimbic regions extensively innervated by the raphe. Many of these forebrain structures, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala are implicated in mood regulation and stress adaptation (Holmes, 2008). On the other hand, chronic stress that is known to be a risk factor for depression impairs presynaptic and postsynaptic 5-HT transmission (Bambico et al., 2009b). Also, acute or repeated 5-HT or tryptophan depletion precipitates anxiety/depression-like behaviors in animals (Blokland et al., 2002) and mood-lowering effects in humans (for review, Young and Leyton, 2002), exacerbates anxiogenic responses in human subjects (Miller et al., 2000), and triggers relapse in depressive patients (for review, Van der Does, 2001).
system
sankshep main yah lekh ek aam aadmi ke liye avsaad ke bare main kya kahata he.

pramukh avsaad sabase prachlit or durbal manorog sambandhi pidaaon main se ek he.yah kam mood or prerana, niraashaa or enhonia ke vyapak or aavartak episod kii visheshta he.antedeprecents ke kai virgon kii uplabdhta ke baavjood, ek tihaai se adhik rogiyon ko yaa to anamoling yaa relapsing (bambiko or gobi, 2008, zisook at al., 2008) hai.antedeprecents jo mastishk ke monomine system par kaary karne ke liye jane jate hai, ve chikitsiya karrwai kii deree se shuru hote hai.iske alaava, avsaad kaa pathophiziology puri tarah se spasht hone se dur he.shithilataa ke kai staron ko prastaavit kiya gaya he, jisamen monomine 5-hydroxitriptamine (5-achti yaa serotonin) (bambiko at al., 2009 e) ke bigadaa hua sineptic transmishan shaamil hai, jo ki middbrain raafe 5-achti neurons (dahlestrom or fukes, dwaara nirmit hota he,1964, Descarries et al., 1982), or bhaavnaatmak, vanaspati or neuroendocrine kaaryon (homes, 2008) ko viniyamit karne ke liye janaa jaataa he.aashcharya kii baat nahin he, drugs jo 5-HT transmishan ko badhaate hai, jaise ki chaynaatmak serotonin riptech inhibitor (SSRI), sabase adhik pasandida pratham-pankti upachaar (vaasavani at al., 2003) hai.unka chronic aplication 5-achti ke exocytosis kii suvidha detaa he or/yaa rap dwaara bade paimaane par sankramit corticolimbik kshetron main 5-achti sineptic uplabdhta ko badhaata he.inamen se kai purvavarti sanrachanaayen, jinamein prifrantal cortex, hippocampus or emigdala shaamil hai, ko mood viniman or tanaav anukulan (homes, 2008) main fansaaya jaataa he.duusari ore, chronic tanaav jo avsaad ke liye ek jokhim kaarak ke rup main janaa jaataa he, jo priseneptic or postsyneptic 5-achti transmishan (bambiko at al., 2009 bi) ke liye ek jokhim kaarak he.iske alaava, teevr yaa doharaaya 5-HT yaa tryptophan kii kami jaanwaron (blockland at al., 2002) main chintaa/avsaad jaise vyavhaar ko badhaati he or manushyon main mood-kam karne vaale prabhaav (samiksha ke liye, yang or letten, 2002), main exiogenic pratikriyaaon ko badha detii he.maanav vishay (miller at al., 2000), or avsaadagrastata rogiyon main relaps ko trigar karata he (samiksha ke liye, vine der karata he, 2001).
user
pramukh avsaad, kam manodasha or prerana, niraashaa or anand kii kami kii visheshta he, sabase aam maansik swasthya vikaron main se ek he.bhale hi kai dawaaen iskaa ilaaj karne ke liye maujuud hai, lekin jin logon ke paas ise raahat nahin milti he, unamem se ek tihaai se adhik log.haalanki, avsaad puri tarah se samaj main nahin aata he.go-tu treetment chaynaatmak serotonin riptech inhibitor, yaa esaesarai drugs he.mastishk ke saamne ke kuch hisse manodasha ko niyantrit karte hai or tanaav ke liye pratikriya karte hai, lekin chronic tanaav mastishk ko bigaad saktaa he.tryptophan kii kami - ek amino acid - avsaad ko bhi trigar kar saktaa he.
assistant
<|system|>
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<|user|>
sankshep main yah lekh ek aam aadmi ke liye avsaad ke bare main kya kahata he.

pramukh avsaad sabase prachlit or durbal manorog sambandhi pidaaon main se ek he.yah kam mood or prerana, niraashaa or enhonia ke vyapak or aavartak episod kii visheshta he.antedeprecents ke kai virgon kii uplabdhta ke baavjood, ek tihaai se adhik rogiyon ko yaa to anamoling yaa relapsing (bambiko or gobi, 2008, zisook at al., 2008) hai.antedeprecents jo mastishk ke monomine system par kaary karne ke liye jane jate hai, ve chikitsiya karrwai kii deree se shuru hote hai.iske alaava, avsaad kaa pathophiziology puri tarah se spasht hone se dur he.shithilataa ke kai staron ko prastaavit kiya gaya he, jisamen monomine 5-hydroxitriptamine (5-achti yaa serotonin) (bambiko at al., 2009 e) ke bigadaa hua sineptic transmishan shaamil hai, jo ki middbrain raafe 5-achti neurons (dahlestrom or fukes, dwaara nirmit hota he,1964, Descarries et al., 1982), or bhaavnaatmak, vanaspati or neuroendocrine kaaryon (homes, 2008) ko viniyamit karne ke liye janaa jaataa he.aashcharya kii baat nahin he, drugs jo 5-HT transmishan ko badhaate hai, jaise ki chaynaatmak serotonin riptech inhibitor (SSRI), sabase adhik pasandida pratham-pankti upachaar (vaasavani at al., 2003) hai.unka chronic aplication 5-achti ke exocytosis kii suvidha detaa he or/yaa rap dwaara bade paimaane par sankramit corticolimbik kshetron main 5-achti sineptic uplabdhta ko badhaata he.inamen se kai purvavarti sanrachanaayen, jinamein prifrantal cortex, hippocampus or emigdala shaamil hai, ko mood viniman or tanaav anukulan (homes, 2008) main fansaaya jaataa he.duusari ore, chronic tanaav jo avsaad ke liye ek jokhim kaarak ke rup main janaa jaataa he, jo priseneptic or postsyneptic 5-achti transmishan (bambiko at al., 2009 bi) ke liye ek jokhim kaarak he.iske alaava, teevr yaa doharaaya 5-HT yaa tryptophan kii kami jaanwaron (blockland at al., 2002) main chintaa/avsaad jaise vyavhaar ko badhaati he or manushyon main mood-kam karne vaale prabhaav (samiksha ke liye, yang or letten, 2002), main exiogenic pratikriyaaon ko badha detii he.maanav vishay (miller at al., 2000), or avsaadagrastata rogiyon main relaps ko trigar karata he (samiksha ke liye, vine der karata he, 2001).</s>
<|assistant|>
pramukh avsaad, kam manodasha or prerana, niraashaa or anand kii kami kii visheshta he, sabase aam maansik swasthya vikaron main se ek he.bhale hi kai dawaaen iskaa ilaaj karne ke liye maujuud hai, lekin jin logon ke paas ise raahat nahin milti he, unamem se ek tihaai se adhik log.haalanki, avsaad puri tarah se samaj main nahin aata he.go-tu treetment chaynaatmak serotonin riptech inhibitor, yaa esaesarai drugs he.mastishk ke saamne ke kuch hisse manodasha ko niyantrit karte hai or tanaav ke liye pratikriya karte hai, lekin chronic tanaav mastishk ko bigaad saktaa he.tryptophan kii kami - ek amino acid - avsaad ko bhi trigar kar saktaa he.</s>
