Extract the section below titled "Whitening toothpastes" and include the title:

Alteration of taste perception
After using toothpaste, orange juice, and other fruit juices are known to have an unpleasant taste if consumed shortly afterwards. Sodium lauryl sulfate, used as a surfactant in toothpaste, alters taste perception. It can break down phospholipids that inhibit taste receptors for sweetness, giving food a bitter taste. In contrast, apples are known to taste more pleasant after using toothpaste.[69] Distinguishing between the hypotheses that the bitter taste of orange juice results from stannous fluoride or from sodium lauryl sulfate is still an unresolved issue and it is thought that the menthol added for flavor may also take part in the alteration of taste perception when binding to lingual cold receptors.[citation needed]

Whitening toothpastes
Many toothpastes make whitening claims. Some of these toothpastes contain peroxide, the same ingredient found in tooth-bleaching gels. The abrasive in these toothpastes, not the peroxide, removes the stains.[citation needed] Whitening toothpaste cannot alter the natural color of teeth or reverse discoloration by penetrating surface stains or decay. To remove surface stains, whitening toothpaste may include abrasives to gently polish the teeth or additives such as sodium tripolyphosphate to break down or dissolve stains. When used twice a day, whitening toothpaste typically takes two to four weeks to make teeth appear whiter. Whitening toothpaste is generally safe for daily use, but excessive use might damage tooth enamel. Teeth whitening gels represent an alternative.[70] A recent systematic review in 2017 concluded that nearly all dentifrices that are specifically formulated for tooth whitening were shown to have a beneficial effect in reducing extrinsic stains, irrespective of whether or not a chemical discoloration agent was added.[71] However, the whitening process can permanently reduce the strength of the teeth, as the process scrapes away a protective outer layer of enamel.[72]

Herbal and natural toothpastes
Companies such as Tom's of Maine, among others, manufacture natural and herbal toothpastes and market them to consumers who wish to avoid the artificial ingredients commonly found in regular toothpastes. Many herbal toothpastes do not contain fluoride or sodium lauryl sulfate. The ingredients found in natural toothpastes vary widely but often include baking soda, aloe, eucalyptus oil, myrrh, camomile, calendula, neem, toothbrush tree, plant extract (strawberry extract), and essential oils.[38] A systemic review in 2014 found insufficient evidence to determine whether the aloe vera herbal dentifrice can reduce plaque or improve gingival health, as the randomized studies were found to be flawed with a high risk of bias.[73]

According to a study by the Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, many of the herbal toothpastes being sold in India were adulterated with nicotine.[74]

Charcoal has also been incorporated in toothpaste formulas; however, there is no evidence to determine its safety and effectiveness.[75] A 2020 systematic metareview of 24 comparative Randomised controlled trials, involving 1,597 adults aged 18 to 65, showed herbal toothpaste was superior over non-herbal toothpaste, but not to fluoride toothpaste.[38]

Government regulation
In the United States toothpaste is regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a cosmetic, except for ingredients with a medical purpose, such as fluoride, which are regulated as drugs.[76] Drugs require scientific studies and FDA approval in order to be legally marketed in the United States, but cosmetic ingredients do not require pre-approval, except for color additives. The FDA does have labeling and requirements and bans certain ingredients.[77]
system
"whitening toothpaste" sheershak se neeche die gaye anubhag ko nikaalen or sheershak shaamil karen:

swaad dharna kaa parivartan
toothpaste kaa upyog karne ke baad, santare kaa ras, or anya falon ke ras ko ek apriy swaad ke liye janaa jaataa he yadi kuch hi samay baad khaaya jaataa he.sodium loril sulphate, toothpaste main ek surfactant ke rup main upyog kiya jaataa he, swaad kii dharna ko badal detaa he.yah phospholipids ko tod saktaa he jo mithaas ke liye swaad receptors ko roktaa he, jisase bhojan ko kadava swaad miltaa he.iske vipareet, seb ko toothpaste kaa upyog karne ke baad adhik sukhad swaad ke liye janaa jaataa he. [6 9]pariklpanaaon ke bich bhed karnaa ki santare ke ras kaa kadava swaad stans fluoride se yaa sodium loril sulphate se utpann hota he, abhi bhi ek ansulajhaa mudda he or yah mana jaataa he ki swaad ke liye joda gaya menthol bhi swaad kii dharna ke parivartan main bhaag le saktaa he jab lingeey thand ke liye baadhya hota he.receptors. [prashasti patr kii aavashyaktaa]

da toothpaste ko safed karnaa
kai toothpaste whitening daawey karte hai.in toothpaste main se kuch main peroxide hota he, daant-bleaching gel main paae jane vaale ek hi ghatak.in toothpaste main apgharshak, peroxide nahin, daagon ko hataa detaa he. [uddhran kii jarurat he] da toothpaste ko safed karnaa daanton ke prakritik rang ko nahin badal saktaa he yaa sataha ke daagon yaa kshay ko ghuskar reverse malinkiran ko badal saktaa he.sataha ke daagon ko hataane ke liye, da toothpaste ko safed karne ke liye daanton yaa editives jaise ki sodium tripoliphosphate jaise daanton ko todane yaa bhang karne ke liye daanton ko dhire se chamakaane ke liye apgharshak shaamil ho sakate hai.jab din main do baar upyog kiya jaataa he, to toothpaste ko safed karne main aam taur par daanton ko dekhne main do se chaar saptaah lagate hai.whitening toothpaste aam taur par dainik upyog ke liye surakshit he, lekin atyadhik upyog daant tamchini ko nuksaan pahunchaa saktaa he.daanton ko safed karne vaale gel ek vikalp kaa pratinidhitiv karte hai. [70]2017 main ek haalia vyavasthit samiksha ne nishkarsh nikaala ki lagbhag sabhi dentifris jo vishesh rup se daanton ko safed karne ke liye taiyaar kiye gaye hai, unhen bahari daag ko kam karne main laabhakaari prabhaav dikhaaya gaya tha, chaahe ek rasinic malinkiran agent ko joda gaya ho yaa nahin. [71]haalanki, whitening prakriya sthaayee rup se daanton kii takat ko kam kar sakati he, kyonki prakriya tamchini kii ek surakshatmak bahari parat ko dur karti he. [72]

herbal or prakritik toothpaste
tom of main jaisi companiyaan, dusron ke bich, prakritik or herbal toothpaste kaa nirmaan karti hai or unhen un upabhoktaaon ke liye vipanan karti hai jo aamtaur par niyamit toothpaste main paae jane vaale kritrim avyavon se bachane kii ichha rakhte hai.kai herbal toothpaste main fluoride yaa sodium loril sulphate nahin hota he.prakritik toothpaste main paae jane vaale avyavon main vyapak rup se bhinn hota he, lekin aksar baking soda, elo, nilgiri kaa tel, myrrh, chamomile, calendula, neem, toothbrush tree, plant extract (strawberry extract), or aavashyak tel shaamil hote hai. [38]2014 main ek pranaligat samiksha main yah nirdhaarit karne ke liye aparyaapt saboot mili ki kya elo vera herbal dentifris pattica ko kam kar saktaa he yaa masoode ke swasthya main sudhaar kar saktaa he, kyonki yadrichhik adhyayan purvaagrah ke ucch jokhim ke saath doshapurn paaya gaya tha. [73]

dilli institute of pharmaceutical sciensej and research ke ek adhyayan ke anusaar, bharat main beche ja rahe kai herbal toothpaste ko nicotine ke saath milaayaa gaya tha. [74]

charcol ko toothpaste farmulon main bhi shaamil kiya gaya he;haalanki, isaki suraksha or prabhaavashiltaa ko nirdhaarit karne ke liye koi saboot nahin he. [75]24 tulanaatmak yadrichhik niyantrit pareekshanon ke 2020 vyavasthit metarev, jisamen 18 se 65 varsh kii aayu ke 1,597 vayaskon ko shaamil kiya gaya tha, ne dikhaaya ki herbal toothpaste gaiyr-herbal toothpaste par behatar tha, lekin fluoride toothpaste ke liye nahin. [38]

sarkari viniman
sanyukt rajya america main toothpaste ko america khaadya or aushadhi prashasan dwaara ek cosmetic ke rup main viniyamit kiya jaataa he, ek chikitsa uddeshy ke saath saamagree ko chhodkar, jaise ki fluoride, jo drugs ke rup main viniyamit hote hai. [76]drugs ko sanyukt rajya america main kanoonee rup se vipanan karne ke liye vaigyanik adhyayan or epad anumodan kii aavashyaktaa hoti he, lekin cosmetic avyavon ko rang editives ko chhodkar purv-anumodan kii aavashyaktaa nahin hoti he.epad main labling or aavashyaktaaen hai or kuch saamagree par pratibandh he. [77]
user
da toothpaste ko safed karnaa
kai toothpaste whitening daawey karte hai.in toothpaste main se kuch main peroxide hota he, daant-bleaching gel main paae jane vaale ek hi ghatak.in toothpaste main apgharshak, peroxide nahin, daagon ko hataa detaa he. [uddhran kii jarurat he] da toothpaste ko safed karnaa daanton ke prakritik rang ko nahin badal saktaa he yaa sataha ke daagon yaa kshay ko ghuskar reverse malinkiran ko badal saktaa he.sataha ke daagon ko hataane ke liye, da toothpaste ko safed karne ke liye daanton yaa editives jaise ki sodium tripoliphosphate jaise daanton ko todane yaa bhang karne ke liye daanton ko dhire se chamakaane ke liye apgharshak shaamil ho sakate hai.jab din main do baar upyog kiya jaataa he, to toothpaste ko safed karne main aam taur par daanton ko dekhne main do se chaar saptaah lagate hai.whitening toothpaste aam taur par dainik upyog ke liye surakshit he, lekin atyadhik upyog daant tamchini ko nuksaan pahunchaa saktaa he.daanton ko safed karne vaale gel ek vikalp kaa pratinidhitiv karte hai. [70]2017 main ek haalia vyavasthit samiksha ne nishkarsh nikaala ki lagbhag sabhi dentifris jo vishesh rup se daanton ko safed karne ke liye taiyaar kiye gaye hai, unhen bahari daag ko kam karne main laabhakaari prabhaav dikhaaya gaya tha, chaahe ek rasinic malinkiran agent ko joda gaya ho yaa nahin. [71]haalanki, whitening prakriya sthaayee rup se daanton kii takat ko kam kar sakati he, kyonki prakriya tamchini kii ek surakshatmak bahari parat ko dur karti he. [72]
assistant
<|system|>
</s>
<|user|>
"whitening toothpaste" sheershak se neeche die gaye anubhag ko nikaalen or sheershak shaamil karen:

swaad dharna kaa parivartan
toothpaste kaa upyog karne ke baad, santare kaa ras, or anya falon ke ras ko ek apriy swaad ke liye janaa jaataa he yadi kuch hi samay baad khaaya jaataa he.sodium loril sulphate, toothpaste main ek surfactant ke rup main upyog kiya jaataa he, swaad kii dharna ko badal detaa he.yah phospholipids ko tod saktaa he jo mithaas ke liye swaad receptors ko roktaa he, jisase bhojan ko kadava swaad miltaa he.iske vipareet, seb ko toothpaste kaa upyog karne ke baad adhik sukhad swaad ke liye janaa jaataa he. [6 9]pariklpanaaon ke bich bhed karnaa ki santare ke ras kaa kadava swaad stans fluoride se yaa sodium loril sulphate se utpann hota he, abhi bhi ek ansulajhaa mudda he or yah mana jaataa he ki swaad ke liye joda gaya menthol bhi swaad kii dharna ke parivartan main bhaag le saktaa he jab lingeey thand ke liye baadhya hota he.receptors. [prashasti patr kii aavashyaktaa]

da toothpaste ko safed karnaa
kai toothpaste whitening daawey karte hai.in toothpaste main se kuch main peroxide hota he, daant-bleaching gel main paae jane vaale ek hi ghatak.in toothpaste main apgharshak, peroxide nahin, daagon ko hataa detaa he. [uddhran kii jarurat he] da toothpaste ko safed karnaa daanton ke prakritik rang ko nahin badal saktaa he yaa sataha ke daagon yaa kshay ko ghuskar reverse malinkiran ko badal saktaa he.sataha ke daagon ko hataane ke liye, da toothpaste ko safed karne ke liye daanton yaa editives jaise ki sodium tripoliphosphate jaise daanton ko todane yaa bhang karne ke liye daanton ko dhire se chamakaane ke liye apgharshak shaamil ho sakate hai.jab din main do baar upyog kiya jaataa he, to toothpaste ko safed karne main aam taur par daanton ko dekhne main do se chaar saptaah lagate hai.whitening toothpaste aam taur par dainik upyog ke liye surakshit he, lekin atyadhik upyog daant tamchini ko nuksaan pahunchaa saktaa he.daanton ko safed karne vaale gel ek vikalp kaa pratinidhitiv karte hai. [70]2017 main ek haalia vyavasthit samiksha ne nishkarsh nikaala ki lagbhag sabhi dentifris jo vishesh rup se daanton ko safed karne ke liye taiyaar kiye gaye hai, unhen bahari daag ko kam karne main laabhakaari prabhaav dikhaaya gaya tha, chaahe ek rasinic malinkiran agent ko joda gaya ho yaa nahin. [71]haalanki, whitening prakriya sthaayee rup se daanton kii takat ko kam kar sakati he, kyonki prakriya tamchini kii ek surakshatmak bahari parat ko dur karti he. [72]

herbal or prakritik toothpaste
tom of main jaisi companiyaan, dusron ke bich, prakritik or herbal toothpaste kaa nirmaan karti hai or unhen un upabhoktaaon ke liye vipanan karti hai jo aamtaur par niyamit toothpaste main paae jane vaale kritrim avyavon se bachane kii ichha rakhte hai.kai herbal toothpaste main fluoride yaa sodium loril sulphate nahin hota he.prakritik toothpaste main paae jane vaale avyavon main vyapak rup se bhinn hota he, lekin aksar baking soda, elo, nilgiri kaa tel, myrrh, chamomile, calendula, neem, toothbrush tree, plant extract (strawberry extract), or aavashyak tel shaamil hote hai. [38]2014 main ek pranaligat samiksha main yah nirdhaarit karne ke liye aparyaapt saboot mili ki kya elo vera herbal dentifris pattica ko kam kar saktaa he yaa masoode ke swasthya main sudhaar kar saktaa he, kyonki yadrichhik adhyayan purvaagrah ke ucch jokhim ke saath doshapurn paaya gaya tha. [73]

dilli institute of pharmaceutical sciensej and research ke ek adhyayan ke anusaar, bharat main beche ja rahe kai herbal toothpaste ko nicotine ke saath milaayaa gaya tha. [74]

charcol ko toothpaste farmulon main bhi shaamil kiya gaya he;haalanki, isaki suraksha or prabhaavashiltaa ko nirdhaarit karne ke liye koi saboot nahin he. [75]24 tulanaatmak yadrichhik niyantrit pareekshanon ke 2020 vyavasthit metarev, jisamen 18 se 65 varsh kii aayu ke 1,597 vayaskon ko shaamil kiya gaya tha, ne dikhaaya ki herbal toothpaste gaiyr-herbal toothpaste par behatar tha, lekin fluoride toothpaste ke liye nahin. [38]

sarkari viniman
sanyukt rajya america main toothpaste ko america khaadya or aushadhi prashasan dwaara ek cosmetic ke rup main viniyamit kiya jaataa he, ek chikitsa uddeshy ke saath saamagree ko chhodkar, jaise ki fluoride, jo drugs ke rup main viniyamit hote hai. [76]drugs ko sanyukt rajya america main kanoonee rup se vipanan karne ke liye vaigyanik adhyayan or epad anumodan kii aavashyaktaa hoti he, lekin cosmetic avyavon ko rang editives ko chhodkar purv-anumodan kii aavashyaktaa nahin hoti he.epad main labling or aavashyaktaaen hai or kuch saamagree par pratibandh he. [77]</s>
<|assistant|>
da toothpaste ko safed karnaa
kai toothpaste whitening daawey karte hai.in toothpaste main se kuch main peroxide hota he, daant-bleaching gel main paae jane vaale ek hi ghatak.in toothpaste main apgharshak, peroxide nahin, daagon ko hataa detaa he. [uddhran kii jarurat he] da toothpaste ko safed karnaa daanton ke prakritik rang ko nahin badal saktaa he yaa sataha ke daagon yaa kshay ko ghuskar reverse malinkiran ko badal saktaa he.sataha ke daagon ko hataane ke liye, da toothpaste ko safed karne ke liye daanton yaa editives jaise ki sodium tripoliphosphate jaise daanton ko todane yaa bhang karne ke liye daanton ko dhire se chamakaane ke liye apgharshak shaamil ho sakate hai.jab din main do baar upyog kiya jaataa he, to toothpaste ko safed karne main aam taur par daanton ko dekhne main do se chaar saptaah lagate hai.whitening toothpaste aam taur par dainik upyog ke liye surakshit he, lekin atyadhik upyog daant tamchini ko nuksaan pahunchaa saktaa he.daanton ko safed karne vaale gel ek vikalp kaa pratinidhitiv karte hai. [70]2017 main ek haalia vyavasthit samiksha ne nishkarsh nikaala ki lagbhag sabhi dentifris jo vishesh rup se daanton ko safed karne ke liye taiyaar kiye gaye hai, unhen bahari daag ko kam karne main laabhakaari prabhaav dikhaaya gaya tha, chaahe ek rasinic malinkiran agent ko joda gaya ho yaa nahin. [71]haalanki, whitening prakriya sthaayee rup se daanton kii takat ko kam kar sakati he, kyonki prakriya tamchini kii ek surakshatmak bahari parat ko dur karti he. [72]</s>
