Rewrite this information as a series of diary entries by an astronaut preparing for, experiencing, and reflecting on a journey to Mars.

Mars is much colder than Earth, in large part due to its greater distance from the sun. The average temperature is about minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 60 degrees Celsius), although it can vary from minus 195 F (minus 125 C) near the poles during the winter to as much as 70 F (20 C) at midday near the equator.

The carbon-dioxide-rich atmosphere of Mars is also about 100 times less dense than Earth's on average, but it is nevertheless thick enough to support weather, clouds and winds. The density of the atmosphere varies seasonally, as winter forces carbon dioxide to freeze out of the Martian air. In the ancient past, the atmosphere was likely significantly thicker and able to support water flowing on the planet's surface. Over time, lighter molecules in the Martian atmosphere escaped under pressure from the solar wind, which affected the atmosphere because Mars does not have a global magnetic field. This process is being studied today by NASA's MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) mission.

NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter found the first definitive detections of carbon-dioxide snow clouds, making Mars the only body in the solar system known to host such unusual winter weather. The Red Planet also causes water-ice snow to fall from the clouds.

The dust storms on Mars are the largest in the solar system, capable of blanketing the entire Red Planet and lasting for months. One theory as to why dust storms can grow so big on Mars is because the airborne dust particles absorb sunlight, warming the Martian atmosphere in their vicinity. Warm pockets of air then flow toward colder regions, generating winds. Strong winds lift more dust off the ground, which, in turn, heats the atmosphere, raising more wind and kicking up more dust.

These dust storms can pose serious risks to robots on the Martian surface. For example, NASA's Opportunity Mars rover died after being engulfed in a giant 2018 storm, which blocked sunlight from reaching the robot's solar panels for weeks at a time.

Mars lies farther from the sun than Earth does, so the Red Planet has a longer year — 687 days compared to 365 for our home world. The two planets have similar day lengths, however; it takes about 24 hours and 40 minutes for Mars to complete one rotation around its axis, versus 24 hours for Earth.

The axis of Mars, like Earth's, is tilted in relation to the sun. This means that like Earth, the amount of sunlight falling on certain parts of the Red Planet can vary widely during the year, giving Mars seasons.

However, the seasons that Mars experiences are more extreme than Earth's because the Red Planet's elliptical, oval-shaped orbit around the sun is more elongated than that of any of the other major planets. When Mars is closest to the sun, its southern hemisphere is tilted toward our star, giving the planet a short, warm summer, while the northern hemisphere experiences a short, cold winter. When Mars is farthest from the sun, the northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, giving it a long, mild summer, while the southern hemisphere experiences a long, cold winter.

The tilt of the Red Planet's axis swings wildly over time because it's not stabilized by a large moon. This situation has led to different climates on the Martian surface throughout its history. A 2017 study suggests that the changing tilt also influenced the release of methane into Mars' atmosphere, causing temporary warming periods that allowed water to flow. 

The first person to observe Mars with a telescope was Galileo Galilei, in 1610. In the century following, astronomers discovered the planet's polar ice caps. In the 19th and 20th centuries, some researchers — most famously, Percival Lowell — believed they saw a network of long, straight canals on Mars that hinted at a possible civilization. However, these sightings proved to be mistaken interpretations of geological features.

A number of Martian rocks have fallen to Earth over the eons, providing scientists a rare opportunity to study pieces of Mars without having to leave our planet. One of the most controversial finds was Allan Hills 84001 (ALH84001) — a Martian meteorite that, according to a 1996 study, likely contains tiny fossils and other evidence of Mars life. Other researchers cast doubt on this hypothesis, but the team behind the famous 1996 study have held firm to their interpretation, and the debate about ALH84001 continues today.

In 2018, a separate meteorite study found that organic molecules — the carbon-containing building blocks of life, although not necessarily evidence of life itself — could have formed on Mars through battery-like chemical reactions.

Robotic spacecraft began observing Mars in the 1960s, with the United States launching Mariner 4 in 1964 and Mariners 6 and 7 in 1969. Those early missions revealed Mars to be a barren world, without any signs of the life or civilizations people such as Lowell had imagined there. In 1971, Mariner 9 orbited Mars, mapping about 80% of the planet and discovering its volcanoes and big canyons.
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diary pravishti 1 - 1 janvari, 2023
mangal ke liye hamaare mishan kii taiyaari.vah surya se adhik duuri ke kaaran prithvi kii tulana main ek thanda grah he.uskaa ausat taapmaana -80 ° F ke aasapaas rahata he.lekin sardiyon ke dauraan dhruvon ke paas -195 ° F tak pahunchane vaale taapmaana ke saath chijen or bhi adhik charam ho jaati hai.haalanki, bumadhya rekha ke paas dopaher ke dauraan, yah 70 ° F par kaaphi sahane yogya ho saktaa he.

diary entry 2 - 15 farvari, 2023
martian vaataavaran CO2 main samrudh he, lekin hamaari tulana main lagbhag 100 guna kam ghanaa he.dilachasp baat yah he ki yah mausam, badalon or hawaaon kaa samarthan karne ke liye paryaapt moti he.mausami vividhtaayen sardiyon ke dauraan carbon dioxide ko martian hawa se baahar nikaal detii hai.kuch log kehete hai, ateet main, vaataavaran kii sambhaavna ghani thi, jo behate pani kaa samarthan karne main sakasham thi.

diary entry 3 - 5 april, 2023
samay ke saath, martian vaataavaran main halke anu batch gaye hai, mote taur par saura hawa ke dabaav ke kaaran.mangal ke paas ek vaishvik chumbakeey kshetra kaa abhaav he, isliye vaataavaran sidhe adhik prabhavit hota he.nasa kaa maven mishan vartmaan main is prakriya kaa adhyayan kar rahaa he, jo hamaare gantavy ke adhik rahasyon ko ujagar kar rahaa he.

diary entry 4 - 20 may, 2023
nasa ke mars tohi orbitor ne carbon-dioxide barf ke badal paae hai, jo hamaare saura mandal main mangal ko adwitiya banaate hai.mangal kii sardiyaan na keval chiling karte hai, balki dhul se grast bhi hai.dhul ke tufaan sabase bade gyaat hai, jo puure grah ko kambal karne or maheenon tak chalane main sakasham hai.yah hawaii dhul se dhoop ko avashoshit karne or hawa kaa kaaran banataa he.mujhe ummid he ki hamaare upkaran is martian rosh kaa saamana kar sakate hai.

diary entry 5 - 10 july, 2023
ham aakhirkaar lagbhag saat maheene ke baad apane gantavy par pahunche hai.hamaare 365 kii tulana main surya se apni dur kii duuri ke kaaran prithvi kii tulana main mangal kaa ek lanbaa varsh hota he. hamaare 365 kii tulana main 687 din hote hai. hamaare lagbhag 24 ghante or 40 minute lagate hai.yah nishchit rup se hamaari prithvi-aadhaarit dincharya ko banaae rakhane main hamaari madad karegaa.

diary entry 6 - 25 agast, 2023
prithvi kii tarah mangal, apane aksheeya jhukaav ke kaaran mausam kaa anubhav karata he.antar yah he, martian mausam adhik charam hai.jab mangal surya ke sabase kareeb hota he, to iske dakshini golardh ko ek choti, garm garmi milti he, or uttari ko ek choti, thandi sardi milti he.jab sabase dur, yah doosraa rasta he.yah khagoleey baile kuch niharna hoga.

diary entry 7 - 1 oktober, 2023
abhi bhi yahaan paryaavaran ke liye upyog kiya ja rahaa he.martian aksh jhukaav prithvi kii tarah ek bade chandramaa dwaara sthir nahin kiya jaataa he.isane apane puure itihaas main mangal par alag -alag jalwaayu kaa netritv kiya he.ek adhyayan se pataa chalata he ki badalte jhukaav ke kaaran asthaayee varming avadhi ho sakati he jo pani ko pravaahit karne kii anumati detaa he, jo methane ko mangal ke vaataavaran main chhod detaa he.

diary entry 8 - 15 november, 2023
mangal ne avlokan kaa vishay rahaa he kyonki galileo galilei ne 1610 main iskaa adhyayan karne ke liye ek doorabeen kaa upyog kiya tha. khagolavidon ne baad main iske dhruviya barf ke cap kii khoj kii.kuch ne lambii naharon ke liye bhuvaigyanik visheshtaon ko bhi galat samajha, ek sambhavit sabhyataa par sanket diya.ham ek tarah se, in shuruaati paryvekshakon ke pairon ke nishaan main kadam rakhte hai.

diary entry 9 - 30 disambar, 2023
jaise kai martian chattaanon ne prithvi par apana rasta bana liya he, hamaare ghar lautne se vaigyanikon ko adwitiya adhyayan ke avasaron ke liye jaankaree bhi milegi.haalanki rock alan hills 84001 (ALH84001) kii tarah nahin, jo 1996 main paaya gaya tha or mana jaataa he ki isamen mangal ke jivan ke sambhavit saboot shaamil hai, yah abhiyaan abhi bhi hamaari samaj main mahatvapurn yogadan detaa he.

diary entry 10 - 10 farvari, 2024
is mishan par vichaar karte hue, ham nishchit rup se 1960 ke dashak main shuru hue mangal kii robot kii khoj ke baad se ek lanbaa rasta tay kar chuke hai.meriner 4 or meriners 6 or 7 jaise shuruaati mishnon ne mangal ko ek banjar duniya ke rup main prakat kiya.baad main, meriner 9 ne mangal kii parikrama kii, lagbhag 80% grah masping kii or apane jwalamukhiyon or grand canyan kii khoj kii.hamaari yatra ne khoj kii is viraasat ko jari rakhaa he, jisase maanavtaa ko mangal ke kareeb laayaa gaya he.ham jald hi prithvi par waapas chune ke liye tatpar hai.
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diary pravishti 1 - 1 janvari, 2023
mangal ke liye hamaare mishan kii taiyaari.vah surya se adhik duuri ke kaaran prithvi kii tulana main ek thanda grah he.uskaa ausat taapmaana -80 ° F ke aasapaas rahata he.lekin sardiyon ke dauraan dhruvon ke paas -195 ° F tak pahunchane vaale taapmaana ke saath chijen or bhi adhik charam ho jaati hai.haalanki, bumadhya rekha ke paas dopaher ke dauraan, yah 70 ° F par kaaphi sahane yogya ho saktaa he.

diary entry 2 - 15 farvari, 2023
martian vaataavaran CO2 main samrudh he, lekin hamaari tulana main lagbhag 100 guna kam ghanaa he.dilachasp baat yah he ki yah mausam, badalon or hawaaon kaa samarthan karne ke liye paryaapt moti he.mausami vividhtaayen sardiyon ke dauraan carbon dioxide ko martian hawa se baahar nikaal detii hai.kuch log kehete hai, ateet main, vaataavaran kii sambhaavna ghani thi, jo behate pani kaa samarthan karne main sakasham thi.

diary entry 3 - 5 april, 2023
samay ke saath, martian vaataavaran main halke anu batch gaye hai, mote taur par saura hawa ke dabaav ke kaaran.mangal ke paas ek vaishvik chumbakeey kshetra kaa abhaav he, isliye vaataavaran sidhe adhik prabhavit hota he.nasa kaa maven mishan vartmaan main is prakriya kaa adhyayan kar rahaa he, jo hamaare gantavy ke adhik rahasyon ko ujagar kar rahaa he.

diary entry 4 - 20 may, 2023
nasa ke mars tohi orbitor ne carbon-dioxide barf ke badal paae hai, jo hamaare saura mandal main mangal ko adwitiya banaate hai.mangal kii sardiyaan na keval chiling karte hai, balki dhul se grast bhi hai.dhul ke tufaan sabase bade gyaat hai, jo puure grah ko kambal karne or maheenon tak chalane main sakasham hai.yah hawaii dhul se dhoop ko avashoshit karne or hawa kaa kaaran banataa he.mujhe ummid he ki hamaare upkaran is martian rosh kaa saamana kar sakate hai.

diary entry 5 - 10 july, 2023
ham aakhirkaar lagbhag saat maheene ke baad apane gantavy par pahunche hai.hamaare 365 kii tulana main surya se apni dur kii duuri ke kaaran prithvi kii tulana main mangal kaa ek lanbaa varsh hota he. hamaare 365 kii tulana main 687 din hote hai. hamaare lagbhag 24 ghante or 40 minute lagate hai.yah nishchit rup se hamaari prithvi-aadhaarit dincharya ko banaae rakhane main hamaari madad karegaa.

diary entry 6 - 25 agast, 2023
prithvi kii tarah mangal, apane aksheeya jhukaav ke kaaran mausam kaa anubhav karata he.antar yah he, martian mausam adhik charam hai.jab mangal surya ke sabase kareeb hota he, to iske dakshini golardh ko ek choti, garm garmi milti he, or uttari ko ek choti, thandi sardi milti he.jab sabase dur, yah doosraa rasta he.yah khagoleey baile kuch niharna hoga.

diary entry 7 - 1 oktober, 2023
abhi bhi yahaan paryaavaran ke liye upyog kiya ja rahaa he.martian aksh jhukaav prithvi kii tarah ek bade chandramaa dwaara sthir nahin kiya jaataa he.isane apane puure itihaas main mangal par alag -alag jalwaayu kaa netritv kiya he.ek adhyayan se pataa chalata he ki badalte jhukaav ke kaaran asthaayee varming avadhi ho sakati he jo pani ko pravaahit karne kii anumati detaa he, jo methane ko mangal ke vaataavaran main chhod detaa he.

diary entry 8 - 15 november, 2023
mangal ne avlokan kaa vishay rahaa he kyonki galileo galilei ne 1610 main iskaa adhyayan karne ke liye ek doorabeen kaa upyog kiya tha. khagolavidon ne baad main iske dhruviya barf ke cap kii khoj kii.kuch ne lambii naharon ke liye bhuvaigyanik visheshtaon ko bhi galat samajha, ek sambhavit sabhyataa par sanket diya.ham ek tarah se, in shuruaati paryvekshakon ke pairon ke nishaan main kadam rakhte hai.

diary entry 9 - 30 disambar, 2023
jaise kai martian chattaanon ne prithvi par apana rasta bana liya he, hamaare ghar lautne se vaigyanikon ko adwitiya adhyayan ke avasaron ke liye jaankaree bhi milegi.haalanki rock alan hills 84001 (ALH84001) kii tarah nahin, jo 1996 main paaya gaya tha or mana jaataa he ki isamen mangal ke jivan ke sambhavit saboot shaamil hai, yah abhiyaan abhi bhi hamaari samaj main mahatvapurn yogadan detaa he.

diary entry 10 - 10 farvari, 2024
is mishan par vichaar karte hue, ham nishchit rup se 1960 ke dashak main shuru hue mangal kii robot kii khoj ke baad se ek lanbaa rasta tay kar chuke hai.meriner 4 or meriners 6 or 7 jaise shuruaati mishnon ne mangal ko ek banjar duniya ke rup main prakat kiya.baad main, meriner 9 ne mangal kii parikrama kii, lagbhag 80% grah masping kii or apane jwalamukhiyon or grand canyan kii khoj kii.hamaari yatra ne khoj kii is viraasat ko jari rakhaa he, jisase maanavtaa ko mangal ke kareeb laayaa gaya he.ham jald hi prithvi par waapas chune ke liye tatpar hai.</s>
