Explain the concept of ransomware and how it operates.
Ransomware is a type of malicious software that encrypts the victim's files and demands a ransom payment in exchange for the decryption key. It typically spreads through malicious email attachments, infected downloads, or exploit kits. Once the victim's files are encrypted, they are unable to access them until the ransom is paid. It is highly advised not to pay the ransom as there is no guarantee that the attacker will provide the decryption key.
Ransomware operates by encrypting the victim's files using a strong encryption algorithm. It then displays a ransom note on the victim's screen, demanding a payment in cryptocurrency to restore access to the files. The attacker usually provides a deadline, threatening to permanently delete the files if the ransom is not paid in time. To protect against ransomware, it is important to regularly backup important files, keep software up to date, and exercise caution when opening email attachments or visiting suspicious websites.