In the Vedas, the Puranas, the histories, and other authoritative writings, it is said that the Brahmanas, who are the souls of all creatures, who are the creators of all things, and who are at one with all existent objects, originated from the mouth of Narayana. Indeed, it is said that the Brahmanas first issued of that great boongiving gods mouth when he had controlled his speech as a penance. The Brahmanas are distinguished above the gods and Asuras, since they created by myself in my indescribable form as Brahma as I have created the gods and the Asuras and the great Rishis and placed them in their respective situations and have to punish them occasionally. On account of his amorous assault on Ahalya, Indra was cursed by Gautama, her husband, through which Indra got a green beard on his face. Through that curse of Kaushika, Indra lost also, his own testicles which loss was afterwards compensated by the substitution of the testicles of a ram. When in the sacrifice of king Sarjjati, the great Rishi Chyavana wanted to make the twin Ashvins sharers of the were sacrificial offerings, Indra objected. Upon Chyavanas insisting, Indra tried to hurl his thunderbolt at him. The Rishi paralysed Indras arms. Enraged at the destruction of his sacrifice by Rudra, the great Rishi Daksha once more began to practise severe austerities, and attaining to high power caused something like a third eye to appear on the forehead of Rudra. When Rudra became ready for the destruction of the triple city belonging to the Asuras, the preceptor of the Asuras, viz., Ushanas, provoked beyond patience, tore a matted lock from his own head and hurled it at Rudra. From that matted lock of Ushanas originated many serpents. Those serpents began to bite Rudra, at which his throat became blue. During a period, long gone by, at the time of the selfborn Manu, it is said that Narayana had seized Rudra by the throat and hence did Rudras throat become blue. On the occasion of churning the Ocean for ambrosia, Brihaspati of Angiras's family sat on the shores of the Ocean for performing the rite of Puruscharana. When he took up a little water for the purpose of the initial rinsing, the water seemed to him to be very muddy. At this Brihaspati became angry and cursed the Ocean, saying,-Since you continue to be so dirty without caring for the fact of my having come to touch you, since you have not become clear and transparent, therefore from this day you shall be tainted with fishes and sharks and tortoises and other aquatic animals! From that time, the waters of the ocean have become filled with various sorts of sea-animals and monsters. Vishvarupa, the son of Tashtri, formerly, became the priest of the gods. He was, on his mothers side, connected with the Asuras, for his mother was the daughter of an Asura. While publicly offering to the gods their shares of sacrificial offerings, he privately offered shares thereof to the Asuras. The Asuras, headed by their king Hiranyakashipu, then went to their sister, the mother of Vishvarupa, and begged a boon from her, saying,-Your son Vishvarupa by Tashtri, otherwise called Trishiras, is now the priest of the gods. While he gives to the gods their shares of sacrificial offerings publicly, he gives us our shares of the same privately. On account of this, the gods are being advanced and we are being weakened. You should, therefore, curse. influence him that he may take up our cause! Thus addressed by them, the mother of Vishvarupa went to her son who was then living in the Nandana forest (of Indra) and said to him,-How is it, son, that you are engaged in advancing the interests of your enemies and weakening that of your maternal uncles? You should not act in this way. Thus begged by his mother, Vishvarupa thought that he should not disobey her words, and as the result of that thought he went over to the side of Hiranyakashipu, after having paid proper respects to his mother. Upon the arrival of Trishiras, king Hiranyakashipu dismissed his old Priest, viz., Vashishtha the son of Brahman, and appointed Trishiras to that office. Enraged at this, Vashishtha cursed Hiranyakashipu, saying,-Since you dismiss me and appoint another person, as your Priest, this Sacrifice of yours shall not be completed, and some being, the like of whom has not existed before, will kill you! On account of this Hiranyakashipu was killed by Vishnu in the form of a man-lion. Vishvarupa, having taken up the side of his maternal relations, began to practise severe austerities for advancing them. Moved by the desire of making him swerve from his vows, Indra sent, to handsome Apsaras. Seeing those celestialnymphs of transcendent beauty, the heart of Vishvarupa became moved. Within a very short time he became greatly attached to them, the celestial nymphs said to him one day,-We shall not tarry here any longer. In fact, we shall return to that place whence we came! The son of Tashtri replied,-Where will you go? Stay with me. I shall do you good! Hearing him say so, the Apsaras rejoined, We are celestial nymphs called Apsaras. We chose in days of old the illustrious and boongiving Indra of great power!-Vishvarupa then said to them, This very day I shall so ordain that all the gods with Indra at their head shall cease to be!-Saying this, Trishiras began to recite mentally certain sacred Mantras of great efficacy. By virtue of those Mantras he began to increase in energy. With one of his mouths he began to drink all the Soma that Brahmanas devoted Sacrifices poured on their sacred fires with due rites. With a second mouth he began to eat all the food. With his him many third mouth he began to drink up the energy of all the gods headed by Indra. Seeing him swelling with energy in every part of his body that was strengthened by the Soma he was drinking, all the gods then, with Indra in their company, went to the Grandfather Brahman. Arrived at his presence, they addressed him and said, — All the Soma that is duly offered in the sacrifices celebrated everywhere is being drunk by Vishvarupa. We no longer get our shares. The Asuras are being advanced, while we are being weakened! You should, therefore, ordain what is for our behoof! After the gods ceased, the Grandfather replied, — The great Rishi Dadhichi of Bhrigu's race is now engaged in practising severe austerities. Go, ye gods, to him and solicit a boon from him. Do ye so arrange that he may renounce his body! With is bones let a new weapon be made called the Thunder-bolt!-Thus instructed by the Grandfather, the gods proceeded to that place where the holy Rishi Dadhichi was practising austerities. The gods, headed by Indra, addressed the sage, saying.-O Holy One, your austerities, we trust, are being well performed and uninterrupted !-The sage Dadhichi said,-Welcome to all of you! Tell me what I should do for you! I shall certainly do what you will say!-They then told him,You should renounce your body for benefiting all the worlds!—Thus prayed, the sage Dadhichi, who was a great Yogin and who considered happiness and misery equally, without being at all dispirited, concentrated his Soul by his Yoga power and renounced his body. When his Soul left its temporary tenement of clay, Dhatri, taking his bones, created a dreadful weapon called the Thunderbolt. With the Thunder-bolt thus created of the bones of a Brahmana, which was impenetrable by other weapons and irresistible and permeated by the energy of Vishnu, Indra struck Vishvarupa the son of Tashtri. Having killed the son of Tashtri thus, Indra cut off the head from the body. From the lifeless body, however, of Vishvarupa, when it was pressed, the energy that was still living in it gave birth to a powerful Asura named Vritra. Vritra became the enemy of Indra, but Indra killed him also with the Thunder-bolt. On account of the sin being thus doubled of Brahmanicide, Indra became stricken with a great fear and as the consequence thereof he had to relinquish the sovereignty of heaven. He entered a cool lotus-stalk that grew in the Manasa lake. On account of the Yoga power of lightness, he became very minute and entered the fibres of that lotus-stalk. When the king of the three worlds, the husband of Shachi, had thus disappeared from sight through fear of the sin of Brahmanicide, the universe became kingless The qualities of Darkness and Ignorance attacked the gods. The Mantras uttered by the great Rishis lost all efficacy. Rakshasas appeared on all sides. The Vedas were about to disappear. The denizens of all the worlds, having no king, lost their strength and began to fall an easy prey to Rakshasas and other evil Beings. Then the gods and the Rishis, in a body, made Nahusha, the son of Ayush, the king of the three worlds and duly crowned him as such. Nahusha had on his forehead full fivehundred luminaries of great effulgence, which had the virtue of defeating every creature of energy. Thus equipt Nahusha continued to govern heaven. The three worlds were restored to their normal state. The inhabitants of the universe more became happy and cheerful. Nahusha then said,-Everything that Indra used to enjoy is before me. Only, his wife Shachi is not by!-Having said this, Nahusha proceeded to where Shachi and, addressing her said,-blessed lady, I have become the king of the gods! Do you accept me!-Shachi replied, saying,-You are by nature, of a pious conduct. You belong, again, to the race of Soma. You should not attack another person's wife!-Nahusha, thus addressed by her, said,-I now occupy the position of Indra, I deserve to enjoy the dominions and all the precious possession of Indra. There is no sin in wishing to enjoy you. You were Indra's and, therefore, should be mine!-Shachi then said to him, I am observing a vow that has not yet been finished. After performing the final ablutions I shall come to you within a few days! Taking this promise from Indra's wife, Nahusha left her. Meanwhile Shachi, stricken with pain and grief, anxious to find her lord and assailed by her fear of Nahusha, went to Brihaspati. At the first sight Brihaspati took her to be stricken once was with anxiety. He immediately took to Yogameditation and learnt that she was intent upon doing what was necessary for restoring her husband to his true position. Brihaspati then addressed her, saying,-Equipt with penances and the merit that will be yours on account of this vow that you are observing, do you invoke the boon-giving goddess Upashruti! Invoked by you, she will appear and show you where your husband is living!—While observing that very austere vow, she invoked with the help of proper Mantras the boon-giving goddess Upashruti. Invoked by Shachi, the goddess appeared before her and said, I am here at your command! Invoked by you, I have come! What wish of yours shall I satisfy.-Bowing to her with the head down, Shachi-blessed lady, you should show me where my husband is! You are Truth! You are Rita! Thus addressed, the goddess Upashruti took her to the lake Manasa. Arrived there, she pointed out to Shachi her lord Indra living within the fibres of a lotus-stalk. Seeing his wife pale and emaciated, Indra became highly anxious. And the king of heaven said to himself,-Alas, great is the sorrow that has befallen me! I have fallen off from the position that is mine! This my wife, stricken with grief on my account, finds out my lost self and comes to me here! Having thought thus, Indra addressed his dear wife and said, In what condition are you now?-She answered him,-Nahusha asks me to become his wife. I have obtained leave from him, having fixed the time when I am to go to him! Indra then said to her,-Go and say to Nahusha that he should come to you on a car never used before, viz., one to which some Rishis should be yoked, and arriving at yours in that state he should marry you! Indra has many beautiful and charming vehicles. All these have borne you. Nahusha, however, should come on such a vehicle that Indra himself had never used! Thus advised by her husband, Shachi left that place with a joyous heart. Indra also once more entered the fibres of that lotus stalk. Seeing the queen of Indra return to heaven, Nahusha addressed her saying,-
वेदपुराणेतिहासप्रामाण्यान्नारायणमुखोद्गताः सर्वात्मानः सर्वकर्तारः सर्वभावाश्च ब्राह्मणाश्च॥ वाक्संयमकाले हितस्य वरप्रदस्य देवदेवस्य ब्राह्मणाः प्रथमं प्रादुर्भूता ब्राह्मणेभ्यश्च शेषा वर्णाः प्रादुर्भूताः॥ इत्थं च सुरासुरविशिष्टा ब्राह्मणा य एव मया ब्रह्मभूतेन पुरा स्वयमेवोत्पादिताः सुरासुरमहर्षयो भूतविशेषाः स्थापिता निगृहीताश्च॥ अहल्याधर्षणनिमित्तं हि गौतमाद्धरिश्मश्रुतामिन्द्रः प्राप्तः कौशिकनिमित्तं चेन्द्रो मुष्कवियोगं मेषवृषणत्वं चावाप।॥ अश्विनोर्ग्रहप्रतिषेधोद्यतवज्रस्य पुरन्दरस्य च्यवनेन स्तम्भितौ बाहू॥ क्रतुवधप्राप्तमन्युना च दक्षेण भूयस्तपसा चात्मानं सयोज्य नेत्राकृतिरन्या ललाटे रुद्रस्योत्पादिता।॥ त्रिपुरवधार्थं दीक्षामुपगतस्य रुद्रस्य उशनसा जटा: शिरस उत्कृत्य प्रयुक्तास्ततः प्रादुर्भूता भुजगास्तैरस्य भुजगैः पीड्यमानः कण्ठो नीलतामुपगतः पूर्वे च मन्वन्तरे स्वायम्भुवे नारायणहस्तग्रहणान्नीलकण्ठत्वमेव च॥ अमृतोत्पादने पुरश्चरणतामुपगतस्याङ्गिरसो बृहस्पतेरुपस्पृशतो न प्रसादं गतवत्यः किलापः, अथ बृहस्पतिरपां चुक्रोध यस्मान्ममोपस्पृशतः कलुषीभूता न च प्रसादमुपगतास्तस्मादद्यप्रभृति झषमकरकच्छपजन्तुभिः कलुषीभवतेति, तदा प्रभृत्यापो यादोभिः संकीर्णाः सम्प्रवृत्ताः॥ विश्वरूपो हि वै त्वाष्ट्रः पुरोहितो देवानामासीत्, स्वस्रीयोऽसुराणां स प्रत्यक्षं देवेभ्यो भागमदात् परोक्षमसुरेभ्यः॥ अथ हिरण्यकशिपुं पुरस्कृत्य विश्वरूपमातरं स्वसारमसुरा वरमयाचन्त हे स्वसरयं ते पुत्रस्त्वाष्ट्रो विश्वरूपस्त्रिशिरा देवानां पुरोहितः प्रत्यक्षं देवेभ्यो भागमदात् परोक्षमस्माकं ततो देवा वर्धन्ते वयं क्षीयामस्तदेनं त्वं वारयितुमर्हसि तथा यथास्मान् भजेदिति॥ अथ विश्वरूपं नन्दनवनमुपगतं मातोवाच पुत्र किं परपक्षवर्धनस्त्वं मातुलपक्षं नाशयसि नार्हस्येवं कर्तुमिति स विश्वरूपो मातुर्वाक्यमनतिक्रमणीयमिति मत्वा सम्पूज्य हिरण्यकशिपुमगात्॥ हैरण्यगर्भाच्च वसिष्ठाद्धिरण्यकशिपुः शापं प्राप्तवान् यस्मात् त्वयान्यो वृतो होता तस्मादसमाप्तयज्ञस्त्वमपूर्वात् सत्त्वजाताद् वधं प्रायसीति तच्छापदानाद्धिरण्यकशिपुः प्राप्तवान् वधम्॥ अथ विश्वरूपो मातृपक्षवर्धनोऽत्यर्थं तपस्यभवत् तस्य व्रतभङ्गार्थमिन्द्रो बह्वीःश्रीमत्योऽप्सरसो नियुयोज ताश्च दृष्ट्वा मनः क्षुभितं तस्याभवत् तासु चाप्सरःसु नचिरादेव सक्तोऽभवत् सक्तं चैनं ज्ञात्वा अप्सरस ऊचुर्गच्छामहे वयं यथागतमिति॥ तास्त्वाष्ट्र उवाच क्व गमिष्यथास्यतां तावन्मया सह श्रेयो भविष्यन्तीति तास्तमब्रुवन् वयं देवस्त्रियोऽप्सरस इन्द्रं देवं वरदं पुरा प्रभविष्णुं वृणीमह इति॥ अथ ता विश्वरूपोऽब्रवीदद्यैव सेन्द्रा देवा न भविष्यन्तीति ततो मन्त्रान् जजाप तैर्मन्त्रैरवर्धत त्रिशिरा एकेनास्येन सर्वलोकेषु यथावद् द्विजैः क्रियावद्भियज्ञेषु सुहुतं सोमं पपावेकेनान्नमेकेन सेन्द्रान् देवानथेन्द्रस्तं विवर्धमानं सोमपानाप्यायितसर्वगात्रं दृष्ट्वा चिन्तामापेदे देवैः॥ ते देवाः सेन्द्रा ब्रह्माणमभिजग्मुस्त ऊचुर्विश्वरूपेण सर्वयज्ञेषु सुहुतः सोमः पीयते वयमभागाः संवृत्ता असुरपक्षो वर्धते वयं क्षीयामस्तदर्हसि नो विधातुं श्रेयोऽनन्तरमिति॥ तान् ब्रह्मोवाच ऋषिर्भार्गवस्तपस्तप्यते दधीचः स याच्यतां वरं स यथा कलेवरं जह्यात् तथा विधीयतां तस्यास्थिभिर्वजं क्रियतामिति॥ ततो देवास्तत्रागच्छन् यत्र दधीचो भगवानृषिस्तपस्तेपे सेन्द्रा देवास्तं तथाभिगम्योचुर्भगवंस्तपः सुकुशलमभिन्न चेति॥ तान् दधीच उवाच स्वागतं भवद्ध्य उच्यतां किं क्रियतामिति यद् वक्ष्यथ तत् करिष्यामि॥ सह अथ ते तमब्रुवशरीरपरित्यागं लोकहितार्थं भगवान् कर्तुमर्हतीति॥ अथ दधीचस्तथैवाविमनाः सुखदुःखमहो महायोगी आत्मानं समाधाय शरीर परित्यागं चकार॥ तस्य परमात्मन्यपसृते तान्यस्थीनि धाता संगृह्य वज्रमकरोत् तेन वज्रेणाभेद्येनामप्रधृष्येण ब्रह्मास्थिसम्भूतेन विष्णुप्रविष्टेनेन्द्रो विश्वरूपं जघान शिरसां चास्य च्छेदनमकरोत् तस्मादनन्तरं विश्वरूपगात्रमथनसम्भवं त्वष्ट्रोत्पादितमेवारि वृत्रमिन्द्रो जघान॥ तस्यां द्वैधीभूतायां ब्रह्मवध्यायां भयादिन्द्रो देवराज्यं पर्यत्यजदप्सु सम्भवां च शीतला मानससरोगतां नलिनी प्रतिपेदे तत्र चैश्वर्ययोगादणुमात्रो भूत्वा विसग्रन्थिं प्रविवेश॥ ब्रह्मवध्याभयप्रणष्टे त्रैलोक्यनाथे शचीपतौ जगदनीश्वरं बभूव देवान् रजस्तमश्चाविवेश मन्त्रा न प्रावर्तन्त महर्षीणां रक्षांसि प्रादुरभवन् ब्रह्म चोत्सादनं जगामानिन्द्राचाबला लोकाः सुप्रधृष्या बभूवुः॥ देवा ऋषयश्चायुषः पुत्रं नहुषं देवराज्येऽभिपिषिचुनर्हषः पञ्चभिः शतैयॊतिषां ललाटे ज्वलद्भिः सर्वतेजोहरैस्त्रिविष्टपं पालयांबभूव।॥ अथ लोकाः प्रकृतिमापेदिरे स्वस्थाश्च बभूवुः॥ अथोवाच नहुषः सर्वं मां शक्रोपभुक्तमुपस्थितमृते शचीमिति स एवमुक्त्वा शचीसमीपमगमदुवाचैनां सुभगेऽहमिन्द्रो देवानां भजस्व मामिति तं शची प्रत्युवाच प्रकृत्या त्वं धर्मवत्सलः सोमवंशोद्भवश्च नार्हसि परपत्नीधर्षणं कर्तुमिति॥ तामथोवाच नहुष ऐन्द्र पदमध्यास्ते मयाऽहमिन्द्रस्य राज्यरत्नहरो नात्राधर्मः कश्चित् त्वमिन्द्रोपभुक्तेति सा तमुवाचास्ति मम किंचिद् व्रतमपर्यवसितं तस्यावभृथे त्वामुपगमिष्यामि कैश्चिदेवाहोभिरिति स शच्येवमभिहितो अथ हृष्टाश्च जगाम॥ अथ शची दुःखशोकार्ता भर्तृदर्शनलालसा नहुषभयगृहीता बृहस्पतिमुपागच्छत् स च तामत्युद्विग्नां दृष्ट्वैव ध्यानं प्रविश्य भर्तृकार्यतत्परां ज्ञात्वा बृहस्पतिरुवाचानेनैव व्रतेन तपसा चान्विता देवी वरदामुपश्रुतिमाह्वय तदा सा ते इन्द्रं दर्शयिष्यतीति साथ महानियमस्थिता देवीं वरदामुपश्रुति मन्त्रैराह्वयति सोपश्रुतिः शचीसमीपमगादुवाच चैनामियमस्मीति त्वयाऽऽहूतोपस्थिता किं ते प्रियं करवाणीति तां मूर्धा प्रणम्योवाच शची भगवत्यर्हसि मे भर्तारं दर्शयितुं त्वं सत्या ऋता चेति सैनां मानसं सरोऽनयत् तत्रेन्द्र बिसग्रन्थिगतमदर्शयत्॥ तामथ पत्नी कृशां ग्लानां चेन्द्रो दृष्ट्वा चिन्तयाम्बभूव अहो मम दुःखमिदमुपगतं नष्टं हि मामियमन्विष्य यत्पल्यभ्यगमद् दुःखार्तेति तामिन्द्र उवाच कथं वर्तयसीति सा तमुवाच नहुषो मामाह्वयति पत्नी कर्तुं कालश्चास्य मा कृत इति तामिन्द्र उवाच गच्छ नहुषस्त्वया वाच्योऽपूर्वेण मामृषियुक्तेन यानेन त्वमधिरूढ उद्वहस्वेति इन्द्रस्य महान्ति वाहनानि सन्ति मन:प्रियाण्यधिरूढानि मया त्वमन्येनोपयातुमर्हसीति सैवमुक्ता हृष्टा जगामेन्द्रोऽपि बिसग्रन्थिमेवाविवेश भूयः॥