Darkness should be known to have the night for its essence. It has three marks, and is (otherwise) called Delusion. It has sin also for its mark, and it is always present in all sinful deeds. This is the nature of Ignorance and it appears also as confined with others.
नैशात्मक तमो विद्यात् त्रिगुणं मोडसंज्ञितम्। अधर्मलक्षणं चैव नियतं पापकर्मसु। तामसं रूपमेतत् तु दृश्यते चापि सङ्गत्तम्॥