Ecology of Birds   Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats on all seven continents, from the Arctic to Antarctica.


Complete development of the flora was achieved in the presence of Angiosperms, the most evolved plants.

Angiosperms are the most successful phylum of plants.


A) gas to liquid B) solid to liquid C) solid to gas D) liquid to gas The temperature of a sample changes from 10C to 20C.

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


From the tenth week the fetus begins to take on a human form.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


Type II diabetes mellitus Type II diabetes is a second and more common form of diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


Upon impact with a surface, the atoms release their stored energy to break chemical bonds.

Energy is stored in a chemical substance between atoms.


The SI unit of weight is the Newton (N).


Some of the electrical energy in the lamp circuit is lost as heat due to the electrical resistance of the ballast wire and the eddy currents set up by the magnetic properties of the core.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


The neritic zone extends below the intertidal to the edge of the continental shelves (approximately 200 m or 660 ft deep).

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


The executive functions are located in the prefrontal cortex of the brain in the the frontal lobe .

The primary motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe of the brain.


A liquid becomes a gas if its temperature is increased.


God and sinners reconciled in the birth of a baby, a helpless infant born two thousand years ago.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


The eighth planet from the Sun, Neptune is about 2.7 billion miles distant and has a cloud-surface temperature of about -330 F.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


The cytoplasm (arrow heads) or the surface of vacuolated cells (arrows) more often reveals positive reaction.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Babies should get breast milk or infant formula their first year.


base--a substance that has a pH of more than 7, which is neutral.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


The sperm membrane must fuse with the oocyte membrane and the sperm head along with associated parts must be drawn into the the egg.

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


The most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen (H).

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


The cycling was repeated once more, with water in the oven.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Conductors have low resistance, metals are conductors and that is why they are used in electrical wiring.


Most of the universe consists of plasma, the fourth state of matter.

Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.


Carbon dioxide in atmosphere and carbon in the ocean 2.4.3.

Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.


Suppose it is an immersive ride that is constructed in such a  way that when you turn the wheel of the "car" you are riding in, you seem to be the immediate cause of the car's turning.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


pH means the negative logarithm (base 10) of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

The concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution can be calculated when the ph is known.


The hand is comprised of the wrist (carpals), palm (metacarpals), and fingers (phalanges).

Carpal, metacarpal and phalanx bones comprise the hand.


Gestational diabetes most commonly resembles a mild form of Type II diabetes and may require only diet modification.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


Evaporation is the changing of liquid water to invisible water vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Since most metal ion indicators are also acid-base indicators, they have different colors at different values of pH.


The quadrate lobe is an area of the liver situated on the under surface of the right lobe, bounded in front by the anterior margin of the liver;

The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


As the wheel turns, the arc causes the body to lift up.


Continuing out of our solar system, the ship gets caught in the massive gravity of Jupiter, forcing a rash landing on a floating continent.

If the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity acting on a ship, it will float.


Wolves would play a beneficial ecological role, sending useful ripples and waves throughout the ecosystem's food chain.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


Many nematodes are beneficial to the balance of nature in the soil ecosystem.


For example, the wings of birds, human arms, and pectoral fin in fish are all derived from a common ancestor In contrast, features that are similar because they have evolved in response to a common environmental pressure are said to be analogous.

The bird ancestor that lived in trees developed wings, which is commonly associated with birds.


In the north a deep area of low pressure brings the potential for wet weather, and across Scotland and Northern Ireland there is a risk of it becoming unusually stormy for the time of year.

You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.


If you rotate the arrow tail to head, by 180 degrees, the direction of the arrow is reversed, so a 180 degree rotation reverses the arrow.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Pressing, drawing, stitching in right lobe of liver.


Of the four phases depicted in the Figure, the two critical steps are DNA  replication, which occurs during S-phase, and the physical process of cell  division which occurs during M-phase (for mitosis).


Children with diabetes usually have what is called Type 1 diabetes, one form of the disease known as diabetes mellitus.


Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and orbits it every 165 years at a distance of 4.5 billion kilometers.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


Plants extract several of these elements, such as oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen, from water and air.

On a global scale, plants and other photosynthetic organisms have generated all of the oxygen in the air.


The fishing grounds range from sub-tropical to temperate zones and include 431,000 square kilometres of continental shelves (within 200 meters deep).

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


A normal human cell contains 46 chromosomes, or two sets of 23 chromosomes;

If the dna from all 46 chromosomes in a human cell nucleus was laid out end to end, it would measure approximately two meters long.


In hypertensive patients, blood pressure is decreased with little or no change in heart rate, stroke volume, or cardiac output.

The term cardiac output, calculated by multiplying heart contractions by stroke volume, means the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.


In Astronomy, a nucleus is the center of the head of a comet or the central or brightest part of a nebula or galaxy .

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


Orthopedic Procedures -- Arthroscopic surgery, repair of ligaments, tendons, cartilage, biopsies, bone grafts and other procedures.

Bones, cartilage, and ligaments make up the skeletal system.


Researchers measured cardiac output, heart rate, stroke volume, blood pressure and oxygen consumption during rest and exercise.


Bees may forage several miles away from their hives and inform each other of place and quality of their food source with the famous "waggle dance.

A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.


Muscles, Cell Motility, and Cytoskeleton;

Muscle type of cell function relies on microfilaments, which are the actin components of the cytoskeleton.


During hemodialysis, blood is mechanically pumped through an artificial kidney machine where it is filtered and then returned to the body.

Hemodialysis has a patient’s blood pass through a length of tubing that travels through an artificial kidney machine.


repairing, replacing, or installing heating, ventilation, or air conditioning systems, including insulation;

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


Evaporation is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas or vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Gems and metal ores are their foods of choice.


Again this ends in a repeating cycle of period 15.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Repeat cycle 180 times until end of cruise.


Nematoda (roundworms or nematodes), a phylum of elongated cylindrical, smooth-skinned, unsegmented worms, both aquatic and terrestrial, parasitic in animals or plants or free-living in soil or water;


Lymphangioma complex is composed of multiloculated poorly defined cysts extending to more than one anatomic area, tissue plane, or organ system.

A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.


Both treatments can be used to control other soilborne diseases, plant parasitic nematodes, and some weeds.


In the clearest ocean water, the euphotic zone may extend to a depth of about 150 meters, or rarely, up to 200 meters.


FRONT (weather) Boundary of two overlapping sir masses.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


Torn or damaged ligaments and tendons -- the fibrous tissues that connect bone, cartilage and muscle -- make up the bulk of sports-related injuries.


a double-headed arrow indicates that a sequence of values is expected.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


The idea was to make the cars turn easier because of better traction on the front wheels, caused by  more aerodynamic downforce.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


Because of the cool spring, most of the surface water evaporated before shallow rooted plant systems could take advantage of the water.

The impact of evaporative loss of the most energetic water molecules from a surface has the impact that it cools it.


Both alleles of a gene must be mutated in autosomal recessive disorders for an individual to have a predisposition to cancer.

A person affected by an autosomal dominant disorder has one mutated allele.


Organs are units of structure and function that are composed of at least two, and usually all four, primary tissues.


Some of the photosynthetic species have pigments similar to chlorophyll a in higher plants, but they do not produce oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis.

On a global scale, plants and other photosynthetic organisms have generated all of the oxygen in the air.


Of course, as you know already, lots of vertebrates share in having a segmented 'backbone', or vertebral column made of bone, from which the group gets its name.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


There are actually four phases, or stages, of HIV and AIDS.


Ethylene is a small hydrocarbon consisting of four hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms.

Hydrocarbons are made of one carbon and four hydrogen atoms.


He started studying kinetic gas theory and moved on to elementary radiation theory and the molecular theory of matter.

The behavior of ideal gases is explained by kinetic molecular theory.


This can cause the front wheel not to turn properly.


Nuclear fission can occur without neutron bombardment as a type of radioactive decay.

A neutron collides with an atom of u-235 during the basic nuclear fission process.


The mirror is convex towards the object.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


A dashed arrow indicates that a class (at the tail of the arrow) implements the interface (at the head of the arrow).


Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


All the elemental oxygen now in the earth's atmosphere was put there by photosynthetic plants and bacteria.


At this temperature and oxygen level, the combustible solids, liquids and sludge convert into a gas.

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


All substances are chemicals (atoms or combinations of atoms).

Energy is stored in a chemical substance between atoms.


Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


Infant mortality is a measure of how many babies die during the first 12 months after birth.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


The simplest hydrocarbon is composed of one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms, CH 4 .


A block slides on a frictionless surface in simple harmonic motion.

An object attached to a spring sliding on a frictionless surface is an uncomplicated type of simple harmonic oscillator.


Polyploid cells have extra chromosome sets, and aneuploids have extra or missing individual chromosomes.

A(n) polyploid is an individual with more than the correct number of chromosome sets.


Fronts are the boundaries between air masses of different temperature.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


Explain in terms of the kinetic molecular theory.


The parasites can be found in all types of animals (both vertebrates and invertebrates) and in plants.


The shell was convex and shaped like a triangle with rounded corners.


A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


In the middle of the temple, beyond this wall used to be a large concave lens lined with gold.


It is possible that the reptiles that were the ancestors of birds also had wings.

The bird ancestor that lived in trees developed wings, which is commonly associated with birds.


A front is a boundary between different air masses.


The crater is 1200 meters in diameter and 200 meters deep.

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


and the electrical resistance of the two wires.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


Their calls varied from very low to very high frequencies, but each species seemed to have its own "niche" on the spectrum.

Each species has a particular way of making a living, which is called its niche.


The pH estimate of the ER lumen is based on an indirect assay which indicates that the pH is closer to pH 7 than to the binding optimum of pH 5.5.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


The motion of a falling object can be described by Newton's second law of motion (Force equals mass times acceleration --

Newton’s second law of motion is more than a definition; it is a relationship among acceleration, force, and mass.


Lyme Disease and its Effects Lyme disease originated in Lyme, Connecticut and it is an infection caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, a bacterium carried in the gut of certain ticks.


The head of the sperm whale may contain up to a ton of fine oil, known as sperm oil , and a wax called spermaceti .

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


People expect that if they turn the steering wheel clockwise, a car will turn right.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


Among these are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, pancreas and adrenal glands.

The thyroid gland is controlled by a negative feedback loop that includes the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.


Aneuploidy Organisms with complete chromosome sets (either diploid or polyploid) are called euploids while  those that are missing or have extra chromosomes are called aneuploids.


Ethane is a simple hydrocarbon, a molecule made of two carbon and six hydrogen atoms.

Hydrocarbons are made of one carbon and four hydrogen atoms.


Turn your car into a "University on Wheels".


Evaporation is when liquid water turns to gaseous water or water vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Community Populations of different organisms that live together.

All of the populations that live in the same area make up a(n) community, which includes populations of different organisms.


Normally the XY chromosome fetus (male) automatically develop testes in the seventh week of development, and they in turn produce the male hormones that immediately begins to develop a male brain and other male features.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


The test kit for the rickettsial bacterium which causes Lyme Disease tests for the presence of an antigen specific to the surface of this bacterium.


Neptune The eighth planet from the sun(2,824,000,000 miles).

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


The first metal mine in Canada started mining copper ore in 1850 at Bruce Mines on the north shore of Lake Huron.


Hydrogen is a renewable energy resource, and it is the most abundant element in the universe.

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


Although this substation is located in a zone with very little reported damage, the transformers were located about four meters from a very deep ravine (about 200 meters deep).


3.0 Understand that chemical reactions can be classified according to atom rearrangement, the type of substances reacting, and energy transfer.

Energy is stored in a chemical substance between atoms.


Arrow heads indicate 3'-ends and arrow ends the 5'-ends.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Thus the SI unit of the quantity weight defined in this way is the newton (N).


Carbon dimer, the small-est all-carbon molecule, is extremely reactive and can give rise to complex chemistries involving H, O, N, and other elements.

The element carbon is present in all organic molecules.


Both protozoans and helminths (nematodes, cestodes and trematodes) will be considered with emphasis on the most important parasites of humans and domestic animals.


For a car to move, the wheels have to turn in a rotary motion.


The process of liquid water turning into a gaseous water vapor is called evaporation .


A hydrocarbon with four Hydrogen atoms attached to each Carbon atom (CH 4 ).


It adjusts to the motor as the dynamics of motion affect it.

Dynamics is the study of how forces affect the motion of objects.


Then at the end of summer, the cycle repeats itself.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


TYPES OF DIABETES -- Diabetes is a group of disease states that may be classified as follows.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


The favorable adaptation of the crab is...


To prevent the glass bending under gravity, its weight is carried by many distributed reaction forces, which should change with orientation to mimic the buoyant force felt if the mirror were floated in liquid of its own density.

If the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity acting on a ship, it will float.


There are four stages or phases in mitosis, Prophase , Metaphase , Anaphase , and Telophase.


A chemical substance is composed of one type of atom or molecule .


High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) are able, when cooled, to convey electrical current without loss of energy.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


From Newton's second law of motion , the acceleration times the mass equals the external force.

Newton’s second law of motion is more than a definition; it is a relationship among acceleration, force, and mass.


Many bird species, including seven species of penguin breed in the British Antarctic Territories.

Birds live and breed on seven of the continents.


A synapse is a connection between a neuron and another neuron (or muscle cell).

The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.


Almost all chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place in the small intestine.

In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.


All of the populations living together in the same area make up a community.


Folate The central nervous system develops in the fetus during the first weeks of gestation.


These limiting factors play a big role in the success of the Alabama map turtle that uphold the balance in a beautiful ecosystem.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


Diseases such as arthritis, multiple sclerosis and diabetes may be of this type.


This caused them to turn the counter wheels by the appropriate amounts.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


The objective of the section is to study how both sampling and the inherent dynamics of the display affect the achievable dynamic range.


A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


Corolla Collective term for all the petals of a flower, separate or fused together.

All of the petals together are called a corolla.


Animals can be transferred from one place to another as embryos in test tubes, implanted into foster mothers and then, when they have grown, they can be used in breeding programs.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


air in many areas of the would contains 3% water vapor.


The ultrastructure is shown for an axosomatic synapse on the cell body of a bulbar projection neuron.


Watch which settles first and how layers of sediment form.

When sediments settle out of water, they form horizontal layers.


Newton's second law of motion states that force (F) is equal to mass (m) times acceleration (a).


The gun fires electrons into different areas of the mirror to make the surface change its shape in either a more convex or concave direction.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


Liver has five lobes, three on right lobe, and two on left lobe.

The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


It was believed that the head of a sperm allready containes a tiny creature resembling the later adult.

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


Hydrostatic behavior of floating and submerged bodies, lift and drag forces, water waves and wave forces on ships and platforms.


Regulation of cytokine production by growth of lung structural cells including epithelial cells, fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells.

Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs.


FRONT The boundary between two different air masses, ie.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


Then, freed from gravity's bonds, he floats buoyantly until the plane descends, crushing him again with 2gs force.

If the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity acting on a ship, it will float.


A convex lens is a lens that is thicker in the middle than at its edges.


A front is the boundary between two masses of moving air with different temperatures and humidity.


The eyes, ears, and respiratory system all start to develop at 4 weeks.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


For more about the parts of a neuron, see cells of the nervous system and the synapse .


Base- A substance that gives a pH > 7 when added to water.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


In particular, cultural niches, have to be annihilated.

Each species has a particular way of making a living, which is called its niche.


Carbon is the basis of all known life, forming thousands of organic compounds essential to life processes.

Compounds containing the element carbon are the basis of all known life.


This probably remains true despite the fact that nematodes as a group are of great economic importance (chiefly as parasites and pests of both plants and animals) and are extensively used in scientific research.


Viral vectors are a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to deliver genetic material into cells.

A viral vector is the name for a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to place genetic material into cells.


Water lillies are one of the most ancient angiosperm plants.

Angiosperms are the most successful phylum of plants.


When this smooth muscle contracts, the flow of urine begins.


Neptune Neptune is the eighth planet in the solar system.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


PUPIL The adjustable opening at the center of the iris that allows varying amounts of light to enter the eye.

The pupil of the eye allows light to enter.


For twenty of those years it is closer to the sun than Neptune making it the eighth planet in the solar system.


It is said some of these canals are 200 meters deep.

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


Two examples are ocean acidification caused by increased atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, and the long-term melting of ice sheets, which contributes to sea level rise.

Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.


This is no small task, for the DNA that must be stored in each 0.00001-meter-diameter human cell would, if extended to its full length, measure about two meters.

If the dna from all 46 chromosomes in a human cell nucleus was laid out end to end, it would measure approximately two meters long.


The image from the converging lens at serves as a virtual object for the concave lens, Lens .

A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


Such vessels are currently required to exchange their ballast water outside the 200 nautical-mile Exclusive Economic Zone, ideally in water at least 2,000 meters deep.


The collective term for the petals of a flower is the corolla and each of the petals is called a lobe.

All of the petals together are called a corolla.


CARBON MOVEMENT Carbon, the basis of all life on Earth.


Stretched out in a straight line, the DNA in a single cell would have a length of about two meters, but at times the combined length of the 46 chromosomes in the cell nucleus is a millionth of this.


The probe can then be pushed into the vacuum sealing system and valving system with automatic stops at the load position and at the two vacuum seals.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


These compounds contain carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur among other elements.


The important part in the sperm whale is the sperm oil, that came from the blubber and the head .

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


In 1982, they discovered the Lyme disease bacterium (i.e., Borrelia burgdorferi) that causes Lyme disease.


A front is the boundary between two different masses of air.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


So all organisms, directly or indirectly, get their energy from the Sun.

Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.


A front is defined as a narrow transition zone or boundary between two air masses.


They are usually found in the sunlit zone of the water column, less than 200 metres deep, sometimes called the epipelagic or photic zone.


The European Study for the Prevention of Renal Disease in Type 1 Diabetes (ESPRIT).

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


Metallic bonding refers to the specific bonding between positive metal ions and surrounding valence electron clouds.

The force of attraction between a positively charged metal ion and the valence electrons it shares with other ions of the metal is called a(n) metallic bond.


Chameleon eyes feature a negative lens, meaning that the lens is concave.


These minerals are the primary constituents of basalt, a dark volcanic rock that also makes up the Earth's oceanic crust and the lunar maria.

Gabbro is a dark dense rock that can be found in the oceanic crust.


Its networking products and technologies are like the vertebrae forming the very backbone of the Internet.

Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of backbone.


Neptune The eighth planet from the sun (well, some of the time it's eighth, but more on that later) has a rocky core surrounded by ice, hydrogen, helium and methane.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


It drives a belt that turns a driveshaft of threaded rod.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


COMMUNITY A community is a groups of species (different types of plants and animals) that live in an area.

All of the populations that live in the same area make up a(n) community, which includes populations of different organisms.


Skeleton The internal vertebrate structure composed of bone and cartilage that protects and supports the soft organs, tissue, and parts.

A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.


The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


The Kinetic Theory and the concept of an ideal gas are included in this chapter.

The behavior of ideal gases is explained by kinetic molecular theory.


If the chromosomes in a single cell were stretched out and laid end to end, the DNA would be two meters long.

If the dna from all 46 chromosomes in a human cell nucleus was laid out end to end, it would measure approximately two meters long.


When a worker bee finds a food source, it flies back to the hive and relays the message of where the food is by doing an intricate dance that tells the other bees in which direction and how far the food source is with amazing accuracy.

A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.


Admitted to Stanford Hospital, he underwent hemodialysis, which purifies blood by cycling it through an artificial kidney machine called a dialyzer.

Hemodialysis has a patient’s blood pass through a length of tubing that travels through an artificial kidney machine.


All they do is sit in a car and turn the steering wheel.


Volunteers play a crucial role in the restoration of savanna ecosystems, but little is known about the motivations of these volunteers.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


At the end of this process, accomplishments are measured and the cycle repeats itself.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Plasma makes up most of the universe and is created by the heating of gases by stars and other bodies in space.

Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.


Lysosomes are membrane-enclosed strucutres (organelles) in cells that contain digestive enzymes.

All types of cells are enclosed by a membrane.


Lyme disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, a corkscrew-shaped bacterium of the spirochete group.


Technological innovation has played an important role in the growth of aquariums and simplified the task of keeping an aquarium and maintaining a balanced aquatic ecosystem.


It is a circular piece of continental rocks surrounded by oceanic crust.


2 pH The pH is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions.

The concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution can be calculated when the ph is known.


plasma membrane The membrane that encloses a cell.


Low pressure systems tend to bring windy, stormy weather.

You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.


Use infant baby food for the first year.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


The transmission of Lyme disease Lyme disease is an infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, a spiral-shaped bacterium most commonly transmitted by a tick bite.


molecular genetics of viral pathogenesis;

A viral vector is the name for a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to place genetic material into cells.


This property is critical to high temperature superconductors, which will revolutionize the transmission and storage of electrical power and the efficiency of motors and most other electrical equipment.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


Mitosis includes four phases, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.


The characteristic that sets them apart from the invertebrates is the presence of a spinal column that is usually surrounded by a backbone or vertebral column.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun in our solar system.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


The steering wheel will slightly turn to one side when the car makes a turn.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


Any molecule with a carbon atom in it is organic.

The element carbon is present in all organic molecules.


Gamma radiation is generated by radioactivity, the decay of radioactive (unstable) atoms both in Earth's crust and in the atmosphere, and in reactions caused by cosmic ray collisions with atmospheric constituents, as well as by the decay of elementary particles produced by these collisions.

Radioactive atoms, nuclear explosions, and stars produce gamma rays


Law of Partial Pressures Partial Pressures and Mole Fractions Collecting Gases over Water Kinetic-Molecular Theory (6) Kinetic Theory of an Ideal Gas Postulates of the Kinetic Theory Interpretation of the Gas Laws (7) Molecular Speeds;

The behavior of ideal gases is explained by kinetic molecular theory.


Internal and External Parasites can affect both animals and humans.


In simple systems the heat exchanger can be the housing, tranferring heat to the surrounding air in the engine compartment.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.


The friction force acting upon the turned wheels of the car causes an unbalanced force upon the car and a subsequent acceleration.


These contain a heavy metal atom at the centre of the molecule, for example platinum or iridium, of which the green emitting complex Ir(mppy)3 is just one of many examples.


The cooled water returns to the oil cooler to repeat the cycle.


All living entities on this Earth directly or indirectly derive sustenance from the Sun's energy.


This corresponds to the grade of a metal ore, for instance.


COROLLA The corolla consists of the petals of a flower .

All of the petals together are called a corolla.


It is therefore present in radioactive waste and in the nuclear fallout of fission bomb explosions.

Fission is the radioactive process used in nuclear power plants and one type of nuclear bomb.


Since coral reefs play a crucial role in marine ecosystems, their destruction could mean big and unpredictable trouble for ocean life.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


This Reticular Activating System is very capable of generating dynamic effects on the activity of the cortex, including the frontal lobes, and the motor activity centers of the brain.

The primary motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe of the brain.


one towards the lung and the other towards the backbone and the last vertebra of the neck.

Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of backbone.


If a gas is driven out of the flask during the reaction, the system does work on its surroundings.


This same resistance occurs as current flows through an electric wire.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


if the bird is not there, the wings will not be there.

The bird ancestor that lived in trees developed wings, which is commonly associated with birds.


Properties of the muscle-cell cytoskeleton;

Muscle type of cell function relies on microfilaments, which are the actin components of the cytoskeleton.


Superconductors, however, can conduct electricity with zero electrical resistance and would therefore be vastly more efficient.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


The density of a medium also affects the speed of sound.


The class series is repeated at the end of each cycle.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


the other ligaments and cartilage were unaffected.

Bones, cartilage, and ligaments make up the skeletal system.


When shape only is used as a discriminator for figures, convex shapes will likely be perceived as figures and concave shapes as holes.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


Clean Planting Material Using pest- and disease-free planting material can reduce the spread of both plant parasitic nematodes and banana weevils.


One feature of gametogenesis that is common to the production of both sperm and eggs is meiosis, a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosome sets each daughter cell contains by half.

Meiosis is part of the process of gametogenesis, which is the production of sperm and eggs.


Jet streams are fast moving rivers of air that are going in opposite directions called.


Evaporation describes the change from water as a liquid to water as a vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Adaptations result from a trait being favored either for survival or reproduction


Hemodialysis Uses an artificial kidney (dialyzer) and a machine to remove water and waste products from the blood stream.

Hemodialysis has a patient’s blood pass through a length of tubing that travels through an artificial kidney machine.


Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe.

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


Obviously, we do not apply Mendelian inheritance crosses to humans, although Pedigrees can be used to determine Mendelian patterns.

Pedigree is utilized to analyze simple mendelian inheritance.


The organism lives inside small intestinal cells, mainly in the small intestine.

In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.


They use a negative concave lens as an eyepiece.


All of the petals together are called a corolla.


They are also a primary consumer of copepods, and research suggests that they may play a major role in balancing phytoplankton ecosystems by regulating copepod populations.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


This bone will grow into the spaces between your backbones (vertebrae) and will hold them straight.

Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of backbone.


Measurements of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and in the upper ocean suggest that the Southern Ocean is one of the primary sinks for atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.


The open-headed arrows indicate the is-instance-of relationship.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Less dense crust rises higher (continental crust) than does more dense crust (ocean crust).

Gabbro is a dark dense rock that can be found in the oceanic crust.


Superconductors have the ability to conduct electricity without the loss of energy.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Evaporation- When water changes into water vapor as it is heated.


For example, a male's genes would begin to show the fetus as male (usually about 7 weeks) by developing testicles, scrotum and penis.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


Terrestrial ecosystems play a crucial role in the complex feedback processes between rising atmospheric CO2 concentration and the changing climate.


The pupil is a hole in the iris that allows light into the eye.

The pupil of the eye allows light to enter.


Fronts Boundaries separating air masses.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


Autosomal dominant disorders are produced by a single mutated dominant allele, even though its corresponding allele is normal.

A person affected by an autosomal dominant disorder has one mutated allele.


Polyploids are organisms with three or more full sets of chromosomes (instead of the normal two).

A(n) polyploid is an individual with more than the correct number of chromosome sets.


This rod-like strucxture is the notochord, the progenitor of the backbone or vertebral column.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


Neptune, the eighth planet from the sun, is shown here relative to the other planets.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


They show developing human embryos next to developing animal embryos, and the human embryos and the animal embryos look virtually indistinguishable.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


A front is a boundary between air masses of different .


Evaporation changes liquid and frozen water into water-vapor gas, which then floats up into the skies to become clouds.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Some of this carbon dioxide is being absorbed by our oceans to create carbonic acid.


The infant birth was the first for 72 (47.7

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


When you get goosebumps a small muscle at the base of a hair contracts to cause the hair to stand-on-ends .

Goosebumps happen(s) when mammals raise their hair with tiny muscles in the skin.


Have the vents to the heating or air-conditioning system vacuumed by a professional service.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


It is called "dormant" because plants are not actively growing, due to the shorter days and cold weather.

Many plants respond to the days growing shorter in the fall by going dormant.


A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


It is similar to a score but is caused by prolonged contact with a turning wheel.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


When the fetus is 18 weeks old, hearing begins to develop.


Cleavage and Implantation   When a sperm penetrates the egg, it triggers the egg to complete meiosis.

Meiosis is part of the process of gametogenesis, which is the production of sperm and eggs.


pH A measure of hydrogen-ion concentration in a solution, expressed as the logarithm (base ten) of the reciprocal of the hydrogen-ion concentration in gram moles per litre.

The concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution can be calculated when the ph is known.


Roughly 99% of the matter in the universe is in a plasma state.

Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.


Like other reptiles, they are ectothermic or cold-blooded, and can be observed basking in the sun to regulate their internal body temperature.

Reptiles are described by the term ectothermic, which means their internal temperature depends on the temperature of their environment.


According to Ashbaugh, the fingerprints begin forming on the fetus around the thirteenth week of development.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


If the force of gravity pulling the object down is less than the buoyant force, the body floats in the liquid.

If the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity acting on a ship, it will float.


Neptune Neptune , the eigth planet from the Sun is a gasous world of blue methane.


The resistance in electrical wires consumes power, and the power consumed increases as the current going through the wires increases.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


In practise, any atomic explosion produces electromagnetic X-rays or gamma rays, particulate radiation (neutrons and electrons) and the radionucleides resulting from fission.

Radioactive atoms, nuclear explosions, and stars produce gamma rays


Mitosis is classically divided into four stages.


Although relatively rare on earth, plasmas make up more than 99 percent of the visible matter in the universe.


The motor, in turn, drives the wheels of the car.


pH was originally conceived to be a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration of aqueous solution.


On this scale, pH values of less than 7 indicate an acid, while those greater than 7 indicate a base (alkaline).

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


Superconductors are materials that can transmit electricity with virtually no energy losses due to resistance.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


Phase four would be the actual construction.


In fact, most of the matter in the universe is in the plasma state.


The speed of sound is dependent on the medium through which the waves of sound travel.


Angiosperms are the most successful phylum of plants.


Evaporation is the physical transformation of liquid water to water vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


If a substance has one acid component for each base component, it is said to be neutral and has a pH value of 7.


Structure and function of basic cell types, tissues, and organs of vascular plants.

A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.


Plasma Physics --Plasma physics is the scientific investigation of the plasmas, the predominant state of matter in our universe.


Infant Mortality and Childhood Disabilities T he percentage of babies born with low birth weight (the leading cause of infant mortality and childhood disabilities) increased in 1985 for the first time in twenty years.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


The Government of India recognizes centers for the deposit of both parasites of animals and of plants.


The river Main in its natural state is a fast-moving stream unsuitable for shipping.

Jet streams are fast moving rivers of air that are going in opposite directions called.


Decomposers, which include organisms like fungi and bacteria, get their nutrients from the breakdown of dead and decaying organic matter.

Mushrooms get their energy from decomposing dead organisms.


The bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease and deer ticks transmit it when they bite.


This is good because hydrogen is the most abundant element in the Universe.

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


The carotid arteries are located in the neck and they deliver blood and oxygen to your brain.

The carotid artery takes blood to the brain.


A plasma is a hot, dense cloud of positively and negatively charged particles and is in fact the most widespread state of matter in the universe.


How Your Baby Is Growing and Developing Your Baby's Nervous System The beginning of  the baby's nervous system (brain and other structures, such as the spinal cord) is seen as early as week 4 as the neural plate begins to develop.


Ignition Temperature The ignition (or autoignition) temperature of a substance -- solid, liquid, or gas -- is the minimum temperature required to initiate self- sustained combustion.

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


They have specialized in a particular niche of the market.

Each species has a particular way of making a living, which is called its niche.


A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


Theory Non-Ideal Behavior- Real gas corrections to ideal gas laws.

The behavior of ideal gases is explained by kinetic molecular theory.


This is the warp in the convex mirror of intelligence.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


The small intestine is where most chemical digestion takes place.

In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.


There was also a penetrating wound in the lower lobe of the right lobe of the right lung, and the liver was also penetrated.

The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


Chemicals needed in the small intestine to aid digestion cannot get through.


Acoustic waves travel with the speed of sound which depends on the medium they're passing through.


By 21 weeks of pregnancy, development of the fetal digestive system enables the fetus to swallow amniotic fluid.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


The speed of a sound wave depends on the properties of the medium through which it moves and the only way to change the speed is to change the properties of the medium.


Angiosperms form a phylum, the phylum Anthophyta.


Ask students to research a species and its' needs (niche and habitat needs) and make recommendations for your quadrant(s) that would encourage that particular species.


Betaine Hydrochloride The digestive process takes place as food passes through the mouth, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.


The cycle is then repeated, providing a never ending supply of fertiliser.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


The notochord should not be confused with the backbone or vertebral column of most adult vertebrates.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


B base --a substance that has a pH of more than 7, which is neutral.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


The fetus, then about 21 weeks developed, was clearly visible.


Light enters the eye through the pupil, and the lens focuses the light on the retina.

The pupil of the eye allows light to enter.


Human pedigrees Before we consider human Mendelian inheritance it is convenient to consider the symbols used to draw pedigrees.

Pedigree is utilized to analyze simple mendelian inheritance.


Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats and on all seven continents, reaching their southern extreme in the snow petrel's breeding colonies up to 440 kilometres (270 mi) inland in Antarctica .

Birds live and breed on seven of the continents.


The carotid arteries are vital for living because they are the vessels that feed the blood to the brain.


Of, relating to, or inhabiting the shallow water, or nearshore marine zone extending from the low-tide level to a depth of 200 meters.

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


Solutions may contain several ionic species such as orthophosphates, pyrophosphates, and polyphosphates containing three (3) or more phosphorus atoms, commonly known as tripolyphosphates or tetrapolyphosphates and water.


One of the vertebra in that backbone is the registration committee.

Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of backbone.


Whether a material is in the gas, liquid or solid phase is determined by the ambient temperature and pressure.


The plane separates the liver into the true right and left lobes.


This experiment will tell you whether a substance is an acid or base, but not the exact value of pH;


Fetuses may be palpable at 3-4 weeks of age.


This lack access to healthy food, is one of the main causes for diet-related diseases in low income communities of color, some of these conditions include type II diabetes, heart disease, various forms of cancers and other preventable diseases.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


Electrons, protons, and neutrons are the basic types of particles found in atoms.

A neutron collides with an atom of u-235 during the basic nuclear fission process.


Evaporation Evaporation is the process whereby liquid water is converted to water vapour (vaporization) and removed from the evaporating surface (vapour removal).

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Sperm and spermatogenesis (Fig 28-3) a) each sperm consists of a head (containing the nucleus) with an acrosomal cap that is used during fertilization;

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


In the wild, bats play very important roles in helping to maintain the natural balance within ecosystems throughout the world.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


How the Thyroid Functions The thyroid gland operates as part of a feedback mechanism involving the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.

The thyroid gland is controlled by a negative feedback loop that includes the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.


Community All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time.

All of the populations that live in the same area make up a(n) community, which includes populations of different organisms.


We know now that Lyme disease is an infection caused by the bacterium (spirochete) Borrelia burgdorferi.


Despite antibiotic and antifungal treatment, respiratory disease and anorexia developed and the dolphin died 4 weeks after the onset of illness.


Evaporation and transpiration change liquid water into vapor, which ascends into the atmosphere due to rising air currents.


The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is a bony skeletal structure found in vertebrates.


Superconductors can increase computer speed, reduce power transmission costs, and provide new efficiencies in electric motors and other equipment.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


Sort of core features (like wings for birds).

The bird ancestor that lived in trees developed wings, which is commonly associated with birds.


Development of the embryo can only take place at the correct temperature.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


Like fish and amphibians, reptiles are ectothermic animals, which is to say that they produce very little metabolic heat and their body temperature depends essentially on that of the environment.

Reptiles are described by the term ectothermic, which means their internal temperature depends on the temperature of their environment.


Invertebrates (and higher animals) can  also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


Wolves have played an important role in our southwestern ecosystem and will help restore natural balance and diversity to our native wildlife.


There is no electrical resistance in a superconductor, and therefore no energy loss.


Gabbro is a dark dense rock that can be found in the oceanic crust.


The speed of sound depends on the medium that the waves pass through, and is a fundamental property of the material.


For all compounds containing carbon, C is listed first, followed by H, if present, and them by remaining elements in alphabetical order.

Compounds containing the element carbon are the basis of all known life.


Vitamins and essential minerals, also called micronutrients, are needed in tiny amounts to promote essential biochemical reactions in your cells.

Micronutrients is the term used to describe the minerals and vitamins that are not needed for providing the body with energy but are still essential for good health.


During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


To reverse the sort order, click the arrow in the column head again.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Fronts are boundaries between contrasting air masses

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


This is the reason why a concave lens is called a diverging lens.

A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


pH is the hydrogen ion concentration to the log 10 , and this is the basis of calculation of the pH scale from 1 to 14.

The concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution can be calculated when the ph is known.


Fluorescence of a substance is seen when the molecule is exposed to a specific wavelength of light (excitation wavelength or spectrum) and the light it emits ( the emission wavelength or spectrum) is always of a higher wavelength.

When exposed to ultraviolet, some substances, such as minerals, glow in characteristic visible wavelengths, in a process called fluorescence.


As in the grindings this polisher is fastened to the pedestal, the concave lens rubbed over it until there is enough OshineO to perform a knife-edge and Ronchi test.


Carotid Artery Disease Cerebrovascular Insufficiency and Stroke Prevention The carotid arteries are the two main arteries carrying blood to the brain.

The carotid artery takes blood to the brain.


Oceanic crust is more dense and typically thinner than continental crust.


Development of infection structures and evolution of parasitism in nematode-trapping fungi Many parasitic fungi can grow both as saprophytes and parasites.


Voltage, current and resistance The electricity moving through a wire or other conductor consists of its voltage, current and resistance.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


Give examples of the beneficial roles played by prokaryotes in different ecosystems

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


Front- The boundary or transition zone between two different air masses.


Scientists use their knowledge of what the atoms and molecules look like and how they interact to determine the potential energy that can be stored in any particular chemical substance.

Energy is stored in a chemical substance between atoms.


This is because hydrogen is by far the most abundant element in the universe.

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


Superconductors can carry large amounts of current without energy-wasting resistive losses, thus they have the potential of increasing the efficiency of electric power transmission from power stations.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


Repeat this for all carbon carbon bond angles in the molecule.

The element carbon is present in all organic molecules.


The mud layers formed by the slow continuous rain of finer sediment settling from the ocean.

When sediments settle out of water, they form horizontal layers.


The Filarial Genome Network connects to a series of documents describing the biology and distribution of some of the more well known filarial nematodes, including both human and animal parasites.


In 1907, the first year in the 20th century with complete infant mortality statistics, 11,947 babies died before their first birthday for a rate of 140 deaths per 1,000 live births.


Gating by internal Calcium Internal calcium is a second messenger (see ligand gating above) in many cell types, and thus channels gated by this ion can be characterized as ligand gated channels from the inside.

Calcium ion is an example of a second messenger.


Its synthesis begins at about 24 weeks of gestation in the human fetus.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


The pancreas is a digestive organ attached to the small intestine.

In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.


Doctors often refer to the backbone as the spine, spinal column, or vertebral column .

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


To predict whether it will be a gas, liquid or low-melting solid at room temperature, you wil need to look at the size of the molecule and its H-bonding capability.

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


Thus these CBPs likely function in mediating ion transport across the plasma membrane and, like the CNG channels, may function as components of non-selective calcium-permeable ion channels and as a junction point where calcium and cyclic nucleotide second messenger systems interact.


Embryogenesis covers the first eight weeks of development and at the beginning of the ninth week the embryo is termed a fetus.


Chorda tympani neurons synapse with cells in taste buds;

The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.


An upper level trough known as the Kona Low moved down over the islands again and created stormy weather.

You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.


The terrestrial biome of the river is classified as Eastern Deciduous Forest.

Terrestrial biomes are classified by climatic factors and types of primary producers.


A plant based diet is linked to lower rates of heart disease and many types of cancer, and may reduce the risk of adult onset diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and osteoporosis.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


The transplanting of tissues or organs from one type of animal into a human or other animal.

A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.


Systems can be subjected to long-term conditions of cold, vacuum, and solar heating.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


Gamma rays, like alphas and betas, come from the nucleus of a radioactive atom.

Radioactive atoms, nuclear explosions, and stars produce gamma rays


The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


Both (potato)cyst- and root-knot nematodes are obligatory plant parasites and, as such, they fully depend on this self-created foodsource.


Identify characteristics of water quality and flow in Barton Springs and the Edwards Aquifer.

You call water that flows out of the ground where an aquifer meets the surface a(n) spring.


Some capillaries have precapillary sphincters (a ring of smooth muscle) that help regulate blood flow.

Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs.


You definitely end up in the cycle of repeat relationships.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Evaporation, which of course is powered by the sun, turns the liquid water of the oceans (and to smaller degree fresh water) into a gaseous state, which we call water vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


To cause to turn on or as on its axis, as a wheel.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


In warmer water areas these low-oxygen zones often start 200 meters below the surface and extend in the water column down to about 1,000 meters.

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


She walked her fingers up my backbone, one vertebra at a time.

Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of backbone.


Heat from outside air vaporizes the liquid refrigerant, which becomes a low-pressure, low-temperature gas and returns to the compressor.


From Birth to Adulthood   For the first year after birth, a baby is called an infant.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


A substance with a pH of 14 indicates a (A) weak acid (B) strong acid (C) strong base (D) weak base 5.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


Petals are collectively called the corolla

All of the petals together are called a corolla.


When an electric current travels along a wire, the electrons crash against the sides of the wire, and a resistance is formed.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


Electrical heat is generated by electrical current (amps) flowing through a wire or component which has electrical 'resistance' (ohms).


Mesopelagic or Bathyl zones are associated with continental slopes with water from 200 to 1,000 meters deep.


In the nucleus of each human somatic cell there are an estimated 100,000 genes encoded in approximately 1 meter of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, that are further condensed and packed into 46 chromosomes.

If the dna from all 46 chromosomes in a human cell nucleus was laid out end to end, it would measure approximately two meters long.


A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity or transport electrons from one atom to another with no resistance.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


When you practice Qigong you must learn how to regulate your breathing to smooth the Qi flow in the large intestine and the lungs.


The pupil of the eye is the dark center part or hole that is shaped by the iris and that allows light to enter the eye.

The pupil of the eye allows light to enter.


it is indicated by the head of the arrow.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Inside the heat pump, a sealed refrigerant system is the heat-exchange medium.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


Evaporation The process by which water is changed from the liquid into the vapor state.


It's Abundant Hydrogen is the most plentiful element in the universe.

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


The process of introducing genetic information into a cell by encapsidating the nucleic acid in a viral or phage coat is known as transfection and is widely used in molecular cloning .

A viral vector is the name for a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to place genetic material into cells.


The DNA of the cell is replicated during interphase of the cell cycle and then segregated during the four phases of mitosis.


After being in Calcutta for a week, we were beginning to develop respiratory problems.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


VERTEBRAL COLUMN (backbone) The vertebral column surrounds and protects the dorsal nerve cord.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


In this activity you will extract one to these natural acid-base indicators and use it to find the approximate pH values of some substances you might find at home or at school.


The photic zone (and thus water clarity) has a maximum depth of 200 m based on the light absorption properties of water.


Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


The sun furnishes directly or indirectly all of the energy supporting life on earth, because all foods and fuels are derived ultimately from plants using the energy of sunlight.

Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.


Transmutation occurs every time the nucleus of an atom changes because of natural radioactive decay, nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, neutron capture, or numerous other processes.

A neutron collides with an atom of u-235 during the basic nuclear fission process.


When water changes from a liquid to water vapor, it is called evaporation .

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


A potential difficulty of an adaptive secondary mirror is the ability to verify the commanded mirror shapes of a large convex deformable surface.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


Neuronal cell lineage and differentiation, neuronal migration, axon guidance, neuronal cell death, synapse formation and maintenance.

The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.


Preserved vertebrate or invertebrate animals (includes embryos) 3.


Nuclear change Decay type Loss of a gamma ray.

Radioactive atoms, nuclear explosions, and stars produce gamma rays


They are cold-blooded (ectothermic), meaning their inner temperature varies with the temperature in the environment.

Reptiles are described by the term ectothermic, which means their internal temperature depends on the temperature of their environment.


When it reached the surface it quickly evaporated but by doing so it cooled the water in the jar.

The impact of evaporative loss of the most energetic water molecules from a surface has the impact that it cools it.


Some contain carbon and organic molecules.

The element carbon is present in all organic molecules.


The ratio of voltage to current is called R, the electrical resistance of the wire.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


Neural development beginnings quite early, therefore also look at notes covering Week 3- neural tube and Week 4-early nervous system .


Invertebrate          embryos develop at different rates depending on the          temperature of incubation.


This consistency is unprecedented for an autosomal dominant disorder--especially one in which more than 80 per cent of cases are new mutations.

A person affected by an autosomal dominant disorder has one mutated allele.


Weight is actually a measure of the gravitational force (pull) felt by a body and is measured in newtons (N) note that scientific units are almost always in lower case when spelled out fully, hence newtons and not Newtons.


As all Scott false positive substances have lower pKa values than cocaine, or in their basic from higher pKa values than the cocaine base, they can be discriminated from cocaine by a suitable pH test of the solution.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


The fetus' brain begins to develop at the beginning of the 24th week of pregnancy, which may have a link to why the cysts resolve themselves by the 26th week.


Most of the observable matter in the universe is in the plasma state (i.e., in the form of positively charged ions and negatively charged electrons).

Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.


Evaporation is when water changes from its liquid state into a vapor.


All of the petals together are called a corolla.


There is a median lobe, left lobe, right lobe, and the caudate lobes (see diagram).

The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


This project aims to investigate whether the nutrients carried in dust can fertilize the oceans causing drawdown of atmospheric carbon dioxide.

Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.


The third basic particle in an atom, the neutron , was discovered in 1932.


It is the first and shortest part of the small intestine where most chemical digestion takes place.

In the body, chemical digestion mainly takes place in the small intestine.


Compounds containing the element carbon are the basis of all known life.


It is this tiny space between the two cells that is referred to as a synapse .


An organ is a structure composed of several different types of tissues.

A(n) organ is a structure that is composed of one or more types of tissues.


The evaporation process is simply the net loss of water from a surface by means of a change in state of water from liquid to vapor.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Substances with a base pH include soap(pH 10.0) and ammonia (pH 11.2).


In PS, the smooth flow of blood into the lungs is obstructed.

Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs.


Ocean pollution can cause algae to die and therefore not remove Carbon Dioxide from the atmosphere.


A release of gaseous UF6 could occur only if there is a fire with sufficiently high temperature and duration to heat the solid UF6 to the point where it undergoes sublimation (change from a solid to a gas without ever becoming a liquid).

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


Dieldrin is highly toxic to fish and other aquatic animals, particularly frogs, whose embryos can develop spinal deformities after exposure to low levels.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


Incubation is the process of keeping the egg warm so the baby is protected while it's developing.

Incubation is when birds keep their eggs warm while the embryos inside develop.


The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Organic molecules have carbon and hydrogen;

The element carbon is present in all organic molecules.


These two ships facilitate the 'seabasing' of an amphibious landing force by acting as a floating base or transfer station that can be prepositioned off the target area.

If the buoyant force is greater than the force of gravity acting on a ship, it will float.


The presynaptic dendrite from one neuron synapsing on the cell body of another neuron.

The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.


Lyme Disease by FDA Consumer Lyme disease is an infection caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi that is transmitted by a tick bite.


In most prokaryotic bacteria, this is done by the process of binary fission, where two daughter cells are formed that are a replica of the parent cell.

Binary fission is a form of cell division in prokaryotic organisms that produces identical offspring.


Neptune's axis is not perpendicular to the planet's path around the sun.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


Most of the digestion of food takes place in the small intestine.


There is a small space (a synapse) between the axon the neuron or the nearby nerve cells.


Heavy hydrocarbons are only required to be removed if they are significant enough in the gas to become liquid at high pressures and low temperatures experienced by the pipeline.


Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe, and oxygen is either 3rd or 5th most abundant (I don't remember which...) 2.

The element hydrogen is the most abundant in the universe.


To cause to turn round or revolve, as a wheel around an axle.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


Food digestion mainly occurs in the small intestine.


Life begins at 12 weeks when the fetus develops a functional heartbeat.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


Cardiac output (blood flow measured in volume per unit time) is computed by multiplying the heart rate (in beats per minute) and the stroke volume (the volume of blood ejected during ventricular systole).

The term cardiac output, calculated by multiplying heart contractions by stroke volume, means the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.


They tend to live near fast-moving streams and rivers.

Jet streams are fast moving rivers of air that are going in opposite directions called.


A guy who raises goosebumps but not records.

Goosebumps happen(s) when mammals raise their hair with tiny muscles in the skin.


There are plane mirrors, convex and concave mirrors.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


Evaporation at the surface of the water cools the water.

The impact of evaporative loss of the most energetic water molecules from a surface has the impact that it cools it.


In regions of ocean upwelling, carbon rich water from the deep ocean comes to the surface and releases carbon into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.

Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.


Completion of this stage, at eight weeks, ensures the body systems are developed and from then on, the embryo is called the fetus.


The catalog shows such a lens with center thickness 9.1mm, edge thickness 1.5mm.

A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


The hale formed by the impact is about 200 meters deep.

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


Keep the steering wheel turned and the car drives in circles.


Neptune --Neptune is the 8th planet from the sun.


The parasympathetic nervous system works through another second messenger, IP3, to mobilize calcium ions inside the cell and eventually foster muscle contraction.

Calcium ion is an example of a second messenger.


Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the sun as it is in your body.


We can be certain that the fetus begins to feel pain at some stage after 8 weeks of development.


Low pressure areas called low pressure cells are associated with unsettled or stormy weather.

You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.


Frasier syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, indicating the need for only one mutated allele in a cell to lead to expression of the disease.

A person affected by an autosomal dominant disorder has one mutated allele.


Capillaries OH-130 and 20.3 A,B Flow of blood through the capillaries is regulated by vessels with smooth muscles in their walls.

Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs.


This repeated hot and cold cycling of water was the vital procedure.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


But also, the resistance increases with a narrower hose,        just like a thin copper wire has more electrical        resistance than a thick wire.

In relation to electrical current, a narrow wire will have more resistance than a wide wire.


The women and infants unit delivered 6,000 babies last year and operates under the philosophy that each birth is unique.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


A front is simply the boundary between two air masses.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


Blood supply       to brain is mainly via the internal carotid artery .

The carotid artery takes blood to the brain.


The retina contains rods and cones, photoreceptor neurons that synapse with bipolar cells.

The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.


Introduction, Theory of Gas Kinetics, Mechanisms.

The behavior of ideal gases is explained by kinetic molecular theory.


receptors, second messengers, and ion channels;


Healthy, robust people rarely get infections Micro-organisms play an essential role in decomposing dead plants & animals.

Mushrooms get their energy from decomposing dead organisms.


While plasma is the most abundant phase of matter in the universe, on earth it only occurs in a few limited places.

Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.


This causes the stronger effect in repsonsible for a stream of fast moving westerlie jet.

Jet streams are fast moving rivers of air that are going in opposite directions called.


Plasma is the most abundant form of matter in the universe.


The Nature Of The Fission Process The nucleus of an atom can interact with a neutron that travels nearby in two basic ways.

A neutron collides with an atom of u-235 during the basic nuclear fission process.


A new vaccine may be just around the corner for the prevention of type 1, or insulin-dependent, diabetes in patients at risk of developing the disease.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


EVAPORATION Water changing into vapor and rising into the air.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


These animals have the advantage that their developing embryos can be seen by researchers , so that mutations induced in the embryos can be observed to determine how they affect normal development.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


Von Frisch found that a bee with information on a new food source would perform a dance upon entering the hive.

A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.


Because alkaptonuria is an autosomal recessive disorder, an individual must inherit two mutated alleles to have the disease.

A person affected by an autosomal dominant disorder has one mutated allele.


The diverging lens should again be a x20 objective or -8mm double-concave lens.

A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


The fetus's heart begins to beat, and by about the twentieth week the fetus can kick.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


front A boundary between two different air masses.


Vertebrates possess a backbone-a dorsal vertebral column enclosing a dorsal hollow nerve cord.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


Strongylida This is a large order of nematodes which are of great economic importance both as human pathogens and parasites of veterinary animals.


Use a single headed arrow, , to indicate direction of a causal relationship, or a double headed arrow, , to indicate relationships of undetermined cause (or  that are not causal).

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


The organization of the motor system is similar to that of vision, beginning with the primary motor cortex at the posterior edge of the frontal lobe.

The primary motor cortex is located in the frontal lobe of the brain.


Ixodes scapularis (Black-legged) ticks transmit Borrelia burgdorferi , the bacterium that causes Lyme disease.


You can experience perfect moments in nature that will nurture your soul.

Animal behavior can be said to be controlled by genetics and experiences, also known as nature and nurture.


Fronts A weather front is a boundary between two distinct air masses.

In weather terms, the boundary between two air masses is called front.


However, plasma is the most abundant form of matter in the universe.


Brain bloodflow The blood reaches the brain through the internal carotid and the vertebral arteries.

The carotid artery takes blood to the brain.


Water injected into unconfined sand forms a stationary dome, and if there are confining layers then water spreads out horizontally.

When sediments settle out of water, they form horizontal layers.


Define convex lens, concave lens and focal length.


We are also studying highly efficient energy conversion mechanism, electrical energy transmission and storage, superconductor and its application, power electronics and control of electrical machines, and aspects of energy problems.

You call materials able to conduct electricity with 100% efficiency, meaning that no energy is lost during the electrical transmission, superconductors.


Only they turn wheels, cause change or movement.

The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


Neptune The Mystic Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun and the fourth largest (by diameter).

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


Causing the wheels to turn and the jeep to plummet.


In evaporation, a liquid (like water) changes state to become a gas (water vapor).


When one practices Qigong, one must learn to regulate breathing to smooth the Qi flow in the large intestine and the lungs.

Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs.


THE OFFSHORE OCEAN ZONE The offshore ocean zone of California begins at a depth of about 100 meters and extends to the edge of the Exclusive Economic Zone (200 miles offshore).

The photic zone extends 200 meters deep.


Biologists are developing a faster, better way to monitor bacterial and viral pollution in sea water in just a few hours, using the latest tools in molecular biology.

A viral vector is the name for a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to place genetic material into cells.


Specification of lens power, base curve, thickness, and edge thickness of firm lenses.


Acid-base indicators exhibits different colors due to a substance that is sensitive to a change in pH.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


He injected one of two cells of a two-cell starfish embryo with antibodies  to myosin, and allowed the embryo to develop to the blastula stage.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


Arrows heading down indicate a parent version.


Pesticides are applied to eliminate the parasites of both plants and animals.


Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are the primary forms of the disease.

Diabetes is unpreventable in the type one form but may be prevented by diet if it is of the second type.


In Colombia there are 32 terrestrial biomes and 314 types of ecosystems.

Terrestrial biomes are classified by climatic factors and types of primary producers.


What that step illustrates is the process of gametogenesis (the production of sex cells, egg & sperm).

Meiosis is part of the process of gametogenesis, which is the production of sperm and eggs.


Not Isolated Systems The criminal justice system does not exist, nor was it created, in a vacuum.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


Mass on a Vertical Spring When simple harmonic motion is discussed in introductory textbooks, the mass connected to the spring usually slides on a frictionless horizontal surface.

An object attached to a spring sliding on a frictionless surface is an uncomplicated type of simple harmonic oscillator.


For lorries and certain types of delivery vans a new type of convex, reducing mirror or a mirror that can be extended out when entering a bend may be options.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


RESPIRATORY EMBRYOLOGY The lower respiratory system (from the pharynx down) develops during week 4 (26-27 days) starts as a median laryngotracheal groove (The Developing Human, 6th ed., p. 260, fig.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


pH A logarithmic measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution using the hydrogen ion concentration.

The concentration of the hydrogen ion in a solution can be calculated when the ph is known.


The gallbladder is a hollow organ that sits just beneath the right lobe of the liver.

The gallbladder is near the right lobe of the liver.


They are among the most primitive of dicotelydonous angiosperm plants.

Angiosperms are the most successful phylum of plants.


Evaporation is the changing of liquid water to water vapor.Condensation is when air cools and water vapor turns into liquid.

When liquid water changes to water vapor it is called evaporation.


Irregular bones are found in your backbone (vertebrae), wrists and ankles.

Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of backbone.


Repeat births to teens have higher rates of serious problems than the first birth, including low birthweight babies, premature and stillborn infants, and a rate of infant mortality nine times greater than that of first-born infants.

During the first year after birth, a baby called a(n) infant.


more loosely, many carbon-based compounds that also contain other elements.

Compounds containing the element carbon are the basis of all known life.


Pycnogonids are one of the few groups of animals in which the males exclusive- ly brood the developing embryos and, in some species, the young.


The meiotic cell division is important for the production of gametes (gametogenesis) or sex cells (the egg and the sperm in humans) .


Continental crust is much older, thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.

Gabbro is a dark dense rock that can be found in the oceanic crust.


The solar electric systems convert the radiant energy of the sun directly into electrical energy, which can then be used as most electrical energy is used today.

Most of the energy used by living things comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.


In a concave lens the light has to travel further through  the middle then through the sides.

A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


In essence, it s a small-scale power plant that generates electricity using oxygen from the air and any fuel source that contains hydrogen, such as natural gas or propane.

On a global scale, plants and other photosynthetic organisms have generated all of the oxygen in the air.


By feeding on insects, frogs play an important role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium carried by infected deer ticks.


Determine the pH value for solutions containing each of the substances listed in problem 7, assuming that equal molar amounts of the weak acid or base, and its conjugate base or acid are present.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


But Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium named 'Borrelia burgdorfi', named for Burgdorf, Germany where it was first identified, and the bitch showed a positive Lyme Western Blot test.


Include the type of refugee or asylee populations your organization serves or the community it advocates for.

All of the populations that live in the same area make up a(n) community, which includes populations of different organisms.


The tick, Ixodes scapularis , can infect people with the bacterium responsible for causing Lyme disease.


Red-cockaded family groups may include a breeding pair and as many as seven helpers, though more commonly they number three to seven birds total.

Birds live and breed on seven of the continents.


Treatment with hemodialysis (the artificial kidney) may be performed at a dialysis unit or at home.

Hemodialysis has a patient’s blood pass through a length of tubing that travels through an artificial kidney machine.


The next four phases involved the actual widening of the highway.


Noted an injury to the right kidney and to the lobe of the liver.


The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


The right and left lobes of the liver are elongate, while the center lobe is short.


The temperature at which a liquid becomes solid.

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


synapse A specialized junction at which a neural cell (neuron) communicates with a target cell.

The the synapse is the space between a neuron and the next cell.


Characteristics of Vertebrates   The main distinguishing feature of vertebrates is their vertebral column, or backbone (see Figure 19.1).

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


In-depth studies include hydrosphere, population dynamics, evolution theory and motion and forces.

Dynamics is the study of how forces affect the motion of objects.


commonly used vectors are bacterial plasmids and viral phages.

A viral vector is the name for a tool commonly used by molecular biologists to place genetic material into cells.


Fission is the process used in the first nuclear weapons and in power plants.

Fission is the radioactive process used in nuclear power plants and one type of nuclear bomb.


A worker bee returns to the hive and signals to other workers the range and direction relative to the sun of the food source by means of a waggle dance.

A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.


The ultimate source of energy for these transfers is the sun, whose energy can be used both directly and indirectly.


Obviously the development was not that of a 10 week fetus.

The development of the respiratory system in the fetus begins at about 4 weeks.


Neptune Neptune is the eighth planet from the sun in our solar system.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


Continental crust is larglely composed of granite, which is less dense than oceanic crust, which is largley basalt (both continental granite and oceanic basalt are generally overlain by sediments and sedimentary rocks at the surface).

Gabbro is a dark dense rock that can be found in the oceanic crust.


The malaria parasite ( Plasmodium ), for example, has a complex life cycle involving the alternation of sexually and asexually reproducing generations.

The life cycle of plants is so complex because of the alternation of generation.


It supplies the anterior and inferior parts of the head of the caudate nucleus, putamen and the internal capsule.

The head of the sperm contains the nucleus.


Then repeat the process with clean water for the rinse cycle.


Dynamics In the terminology of engineering mechanics, statics is the study of forces on structures, and dynamics is the study of forces on structures in motion.


the volume pumped in a minute is called the cardiac output and is the product of the stroke volume and the heart rate.

The term cardiac output, calculated by multiplying heart contractions by stroke volume, means the volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.


In this procedure, one or two cells can be removed from an IVF embryo at the 8- to 16- cell stage for biopsy, without affecting subsequent development of the embryo.

Invertebrates (and higher animals) can also be placed in one of two groups based on how they develop as embryos.


rocks are lighter, less dense, and generally more resistant to weathering than ocean crust iii.


Gprotein, phosphorylation, ion channels, second messenger pathways.

Calcium ion is an example of a second messenger.


Carbon is called the basis for life because all living things contain organic compounds.

Compounds containing the element carbon are the basis of all known life.


Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium carried by tiny ticks that live in wooded and grassy areas nationwide, but especially in the Northeast and upper Midwest.


A concave lens is thicker at the edges than it is in the middle.


Moreover, the type of oscillation that the mass executes is a special type of periodic motion called Simple Harmonic Motion .

An object attached to a spring sliding on a frictionless surface is an uncomplicated type of simple harmonic oscillator.


there was a big fight over who discovered it first) Neptune is the eighth planet from the Sun.


First, wet it with the lens cleaner and use a soft drilling type motion right into the concave portion of the front lens.


The funny thing about that is, that as far as we know, plasmas are the most common state of matter in the universe.

Plasma matter makes up most of the universe.


Introduction An invertebrate is an animal without a backbone or vertebral column.

Backbone is another name for the vertebral column.


The cycle is repeated until the end of the growing season is reached.

The water cycle ends with it repeats itself.


Simple Consciousness Worker bees communicate the location of food sources by performing dances when they return to the hive.


The Aleutian Low is an area of almost constant stormy weather.

You can expect stormy if a center of low pressure is moving your way.


The turning driveshaft causes the wheels of the car to turn.


Due to rising carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere, the oceans of the future are projected to absorb more carbon dioxide, leading to acidification of the water.

Ocean acidification occurs when excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes the oceans to become acidic.


Temperature is a measure of the speed (or energy) of the atoms in a given substance.

Energy is stored in a chemical substance between atoms.


A balanced diet can also play a crucial role in preventing or treating headaches.

Beneficial fungi play a crucial role in balance of ecosystems.


She started to test samples of different metals and ores to note the length of time it took for samples to discharge an electroscope.


This is an autosomal dominant disorder that affects one in 3,000 people.

A person affected by an autosomal dominant disorder has one mutated allele.


3 individual atoms (2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atoms) are in one water molecule.


Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) from the atmosphere.


Animals are divided into Invertebrate and Vertebrates Vertebrates (animals having backbones or vertebral column).


In vertebrate chordates, it is replaced by a vertebral column or backbone long before maturity.


The semen will contain large numbers of sperm with tapered heads and many immature spermatids.


At least seven species of water birds are known to breed on Montague Island.

Birds live and breed on seven of the continents.


The head of the arrow indicates the final position of an electron pair, the tail of the arrow indicates which electron pair is being relocated.

Reversible reactions are indicated by opposite-headed kinds of arrows.


Shape ice into a convex circle and use it like a magnifying lens to make fire.

A convex mirror is shaped like the outside of a bowl.


Like all reptiles , tuatara are ectothermic, meaning that their body temperature fluctuates according to the environmental temperature , rather than being maintained internally.

Reptiles are described by the term ectothermic, which means their internal temperature depends on the temperature of their environment.


This causes gases to become liquids and liquids to become solids as the temperature decreases.

Gases and liquids become solids at low temperatures.


The cryostat measures the heat flow through different insulation systems at various vacuum levels.

A sealed, vacuum-insulated reaction flask approximates the condition of a isolated system, in which neither matter nor heat can be exchanged between system and surroundings.


From Newton's first law of motion, force equals mass, ' m ' (in kg) multiplied by acceleration, 'a' (in metres per second 2 ).

Newton’s second law of motion is more than a definition; it is a relationship among acceleration, force, and mass.


At room temperature monochloroethane is a gas, hexachloroethane is a solid, and the seven other chloroethanes are liquids.


Racks keep bottles horizontal, their corks wet, and allow any sediments to settle.

When sediments settle out of water, they form horizontal layers.


pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base.

If a substance has a ph value greater than 7,that indicates that it is base.


An organic compound containing nitrogen, derived from ammonia, NH 3 , by replacing one or more hydrogen atoms by as many hydrocarbon radicals.


Birds live and breed in most terrestrial habitats on all seven continents, from the Arctic to Antarctica.


Honey bees are known for their specialized dances, such as the waggle dance which recruit other bees to the precise location of the food source.

A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find food.


Neptune , god of the sea as noted by Roman mythology, is the eighth planet from the Sun.

The eighth planet from our sun is neptune.


Metals and Ores Used With Gems and Stones.