Hein van der Voort's work on the language has given the Kwaza the ability to preserve the language through making it available for others to learn, including non-indigenous people. Kwaza has eight oral and seven nasal vowel phonemes, which are all attested in a minimal pair set, despite the rare /œ/ occurrence. The consonant inventory consists of 19 phonemes. Examples:  1."‘si-da-ki"  I-1S-DEC  ‘it’s me’  2."‘xyi-xa-ki"  You-2-DEC  ‘it’s you’  3."txa’na ‘ɛ-a-ki (*txana ɛ? axaki)"  we.IN go-1P-DEC  ‘we go’ (including addressee)  4."tsi’tsɛ ‘ɛa-xa-ki (*tsitsɛ ɛ? aki)"  we.EX. go-1P-AS-DEC  ‘we go’ (excluding addressee)  5."zjwãu ‘m ɛ̃-hata-ki xyitsɛ-‘wã"  João beat-3S.2O-DEC you.PL-AO  ‘It was João who beat you’  6."‘ĩ-ki"  He-DEC  ‘it is he himself’  7."‘ĩ-tsy-nãi"  He-GER-NOM  ‘(the words) of himself, his own (words)’  Kwaza has four parts of speech: particles, verbs, adverbs, and nouns. No adjectives occur in the language. In Kwaza, the majority of the bound grammatical morphemes are suffixes. Kwaza is morphologically complex in its verbs. Word order is relatively free, but SOV and SVO are more dominant. In the language, it is mandatory to inflect verbs to express mood and subject person. First and second person singular are distinguished by subject agreement marking, as are first person inclusive and exclusive, and the second persona plural. The third person is not pronounced. There is no difference between third person singular and plural, or between feminine and masculine. Hein van der Voort (2000) categorizes Kwaza as a ‘pro-drop’ language because subject agreement is obligatory, while pronominal reference is optional.