The fabrication approach is complemented with the high-resolution scanning/transmission electron microscopy for analysis of defects and interfaces at atomic-scale to correlate the device performance with atomic structure. This approach of materials synthesis via non-equilibrium techniques and understanding the intricate structure-property correlations have led to the discovery of Q-carbon and Q-BN: the new densely-packed amorphous allotropes in carbon and boron nitride far from equilibrium. The doping of Boron in Q-carbon has resulted in polyamorphism and type-II high-temperature superconductivity in B-doped Q-carbon with superconducting transition temperature of 55 K  Utilizing the DME epitaxial paradigm, the group integrated VO2 with Si for development of smart infrared sensors on a single computer chip. These research developments, especially in III-Nitrides were recognized by the American Institute of Physics for the Nobel Prize in Physics on blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) made from Gallium Nitride-based materials. One of the key research work was singled out by the American Institute of Physics with the focus on the development of GaN-based materials used in the Nobel Laureates’ work. His invention of Nano-Pocket LEDs is the key architecture utilized in the efficient Gallium Nitride-based light emitting diodes. In the late 1970s Narayan pioneered in solute trapping of dopants in semiconductor materials with his discoveries of nanosecond laser annealing. This extensive solute trapping above the retrograde solubility limits resulted in formation of supersaturated semiconductor alloys used in current integrated circuits. This discovery resulted in him receiving US Department of Energy award in 1981 and IR-100 award in 1983. In 2011, Acta Materialia bestowed the Gold Medal to Narayan for acting as a pioneer in solid state materials science and his leadership worldwide. The idea that solute trapping can be utilized to fabricate novel materials was introduced by John Cahn in the early 1970s, which resulted in the development of quasicrystals on Mn solute trapping in Al-Mn alloys and eventual 2011 Nobel prize award to Dan Schetman for his work on quasicrystals.