List of Marvel Cinematic Universe television series  The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) television series are American superhero television shows based on characters that appear in publications by Marvel Comics. They are set in, or inspired by, the shared universe of the MCU film franchise. The MCU first expanded to television after the creation of Marvel Television in 2010, with that studio producing 12 series alongside ABC Studios and its production division ABC Signature Studios. These premiered across broadcast, streaming, and cable television on ABC, Netflix and Hulu, and Freeform, respectively. The main ABC series were inspired by the films and featured film characters, and were referred to as the "Marvel Heroes" series. A connected group of series for Netflix were called the "Marvel Knights" series, and crossed over with each other. Young adult-focused series were produced for Freeform and Hulu, while the latter also had a group of series called "Adventure into Fear" planned before Marvel Television was shut down in December 2019. Marvel Studios—the production studio behind the films—began producing their own series for the streaming service Disney+ in 2018, with at least eight series in development. These are focused on supporting characters from the films, have much larger budgets than Marvel Television series, and interconnect with the films in a way that the Marvel Television series did not. Following the end of Marvel Television's series on ABC, that network expressed interest in working with Marvel Studios to produce future broadcast Marvel series. In June 2010, Marvel Television was launched with Jeph Loeb as head. The studio began producing television series inspired by the Marvel Cinematic Universe film franchise, though it had to be aware of Marvel Studios' plans for the films so as not to interfere when introducing someone or something to the universe. Joss Whedon, who directed "The Avengers" (2012) for Marvel Studios before co-creating "Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D." for Marvel Television, described the relationship between the MCU television series and films as the series getting "leftovers" from the films. In August 2015, Marvel Studios was integrated into The Walt Disney Studios with President Kevin Feige reporting to Walt Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn instead of Marvel Entertainment CEO Isaac Perlmutter, while Marvel Television remained under Perlmutter's control. This was seen as widening the existing divide between the Marvel film and television divisions, and making it even less likely that the films would acknowledge the series' events and characters. By September 2018, Marvel was developing several limited series for Disney's new streaming service Disney+, to be centered on characters from the MCU films.