Lucy Hooper, an editor, novelist, poet, and playwright, included several of her flower poems in "The Lady's Book of Flowers and Poetry", first published in 1841. Frances Sargent Osgood, a poet and friend of Edgar Allan Poe, first published "The Poetry of Flowers and Flowers of Poetry" in 1841, and it continued in print through the 1860s. Osgood edited a special gift book, "The Floral Offering", in 1847. Sarah Carter Edgarton Mayo, author of several flower books, was associate editor of the Universalist monthly "The Ladies' Repository" in Boston from 1839 to 1842. Her book, "The Flower Vase", was published in 1844. She edited the books "Fables of Flora" in 1844 and "The Floral Fortune Teller" in 1846. Kirtland is probably Caroline Matilda Kirkland, editor of the "Union Magazine of Literature and Art" from 1847 to 1851 and the Unitarian weekly "Christian Inquirer" from 1847 to 1852. First published in 1848, Kirkland's "Poetry of Flowers" continued to be in print at least until 1886. One of the more comprehensive books, its 522 pages contain an extensive dictionary and numerous flower poems.[3]   The significance assigned to specific flowers in Western culture varied — nearly every flower had multiple associations, listed in the hundreds of floral dictionaries — but a consensus of meaning for common blooms has emerged. Often, definitions derive from the appearance or behavior of the plant itself. For example, the mimosa, or sensitive plant, represents chastity. This is because the leaves of the mimosa close at night, or when touched. Likewise, the deep red rose and its thorns have been used to symbolize both the blood of Christ and the intensity of romantic love, while the rose's five petals are thought to illustrate the five crucifixion wounds of Christ. Pink roses imply a lesser affection, white roses suggest virtue and chastity, and yellow roses stand for friendship or devotion. The black rose (actually a very dark shade of red, purple, or maroon) has a long association with death and dark magic. "A woman also had to be pretty precise about where she wore flowers. Say, for instance, a suitor had sent her a tussie-mussie (a.k.a. nosegay). If she pinned it to the 'cleavage of bosom', that would be bad news for him, since that signified friendship.