London Fire Brigade appliances  The London Fire Brigade, one of the largest fire and rescue services in the world, operates a large and diverse fleet of vehicles, known as appliances, all carrying a varied range of specialised equipment and apparatus for use in firefighting and rescue operations. From 2002 to 2010, the LFB replaced much of its older fleet of appliances, which were typically based on Volvo FL chassis, with modernised Mercedes-Benz Atego vehicles. This included over 200 new Mercedes fire engines, command units, and other support vehicles. The dual-purpose ladder (DPL) is the standard fire engine deployed to all 999 emergency calls by the London Fire Brigade. There are 102 DPLs in operation across the city, with 45 in reserve and 25 used for training purposes. The DPL typically carries 13.5 m and/or 9 m ladder extensions, eight 18 m lengths of hose-reel tubing, four 23 m lengths of 45 mm hose, ten 23 m lengths of 70 mm hose, cutting equipment, a portable generator, a lightweight portable pump, water-packs, inflatable airbags, road signs, floodlights, a medical kit, hose ramps, general tools, chemical suits and breathing apparatus. At fire stations with two DPLs, one will be a 'pump' and the other a 'pump ladder', both carrying a short extension ladder and cat ladder for climbing roofs. The pump carries the 9 m ladder, the pump ladder carries the 13.5 m, whilst stations with only one DPL will carry both. DPLs weigh around 11.2 tonnes, and are approximately 7.7 m long, 2.3 m wide and 3.2 m high. They carry up to 1,365 litres of water and have a pumping capacity of 3,910 l/min. Between 2002 and 2007 a new fleet of over 200 Mercedes-Benz Atego vehicles were delivered to fire stations, training centres and driving schools throughout London with new TVAC Plastisol bodywork. They replaced the existing fleet of Volvo FL 6.14s with Saxon Sanbec bodywork. In 2016 and 2017 53 new vehicles (Mercedes with a larger Magirus Team cab and Emergency One bodywork) will enter service. All fire engines carry first aid equipment, including defibrillators. The introduction of first aid capability and training – known as Immediate Emergency Care (IEC) – mean that as part of normal duties firefighters attending incidents will be prepared to treat casualties who need immediate medical care until paramedics arrive to take over.