He reigned until Dhu al-Hijjah 754 AH (January 1353) when the Egyptian amir al-rakab Umar Shah arrested him and installed Ajlan to the Emirate. Thaqabah was imprisoned in Egypt until 756 AH (1355), when the "amir al-'arab" Fayyad ibn Muhanna interceded for him. In Muharram 757 AH (January 1356) Ajlan and Thaqabah reconciled and divided the Emirate between them. On 13 Jumada al-Akhir () Thaqabah deposed Ajlan, but when the Hajj arrived (November 1356) Ajlan reentered Mecca and Thaqabah fled to Yemen. In Dhu al-Hijjah 758 AH (November 1357) the brothers again reconciled and agreed to rule in partnership. In Jumada al-Awwal 760 AH (April 1359) Sultan al-Nasir Hasan summoned them both to appear before him but they did not do so. The following month they received word that al-Nasir had deposed them and appointed in their place their brother Sanad and their cousin Muhammad ibn Utayfah. Ajlan proposed to Thaqabah that they each give 400 camels to secure the allegiance of the Banu Hasan and preserve their rule. Thaqabah rejected Ajlan's proposal, and Ibn Utayfah assumed the Emirate when he arrived with Egyptian forces in late Jumada al-Akhir (May 1359). After the Hajj of 761 AH (October/November 1359) Ibn Utayfah departed with the Egyptian army, and Thaqabah took his place as co-ruler with Sanad. In 762 AH Ajlan was released from prison and appointed Emir of Mecca alongside Thaqabah. He arrived in Ramadan and met Thaqabah at Wadi Marr, but Thaqabah was ill and died there, either in Ramadan or early Shawwal (July/August 1361). He was buried in the Ma'lah cemetery, near his father Rumaythah. Thaqabah had four sons: Ahmad, Hasan, Ali, and Mubarak. He also had a daughter, Fatimah.