City of Music (UNESCO)  UNESCO's City of Music programme is part of the wider Creative Cities Network. The "Network" launched in 2004, and has member cities in seven creative fields. The other fields are: Crafts and Folk Art, Design, Film, Gastronomy, Literature, and Media Arts. To be approved as a City of Music, cities need to meet a number of criteria set by UNESCO. Designated UNESCO Cities of Music share similar characteristics:  In March 2006, Seville became the first City of Music. Bologna joined approximately two months later. Seville has a "legendary Flamenco scene," with UNESCO listing Flamenco as an "intangible cultural heritage." Hamamatsu is the founding city of musical instrument companies Yamaha, Kawai, and Roland. Liverpool—"the city that spawned The Beatles" earned its accolade due to music's "place in the heart of the city's life." UNESCO also noted a "clearly defined" music, education, and skills strategy for young people. Idanha-a-Nova "lives by the rhythm of music," Ghent is a "city full of culture," and Auckland is the "beating heart of New Zealand's music industry." Varanasi is "sacred, soulful, spectacular," Daegu is a "pleasant and progressive place," and Seville "disarms and seduces." There are forty-seven Cities of Music. Nineteen of the participating cities are from Europe, ten are from Asia and the Middle East. South America and North America both have six and Africa has four whilst Oceania has two. Seven countries have two member cities. Portugal and Colombia are the only countries to have three member cities  The Cities of Music are: