During Cnut's conquest of Anglo-Saxon England in 1015-16; Mercia was in turmoil and was largely invaded by Vikings, who seized territory 'through force and fraud and secular power'. This turmoil encouraged existing Anglo-Saxon gentry (and those who were allied to Cnut or Wessex) to take territory at will. In 1016; Clent and Tardebigge were seized or 'farmed' by 'Æfic' - The Sheriff of Staffordshire, thus becoming exclaves of Kingswinford Manor. More parishes and manors changed hands over the coming decades through conquest or as 'gifts; some becoming enclaves within adjoining jurisdictions. The aftermath of the Norman Invasion of England in 1066, saw gifts of land and titles from William the Conquerer to his allies and friends. According to the Domesday Book; King William gave Dudley and other manors such as Selly Oak, Bartley Green, Northfield, Frankley, and Bromsgrove (Willingwick) to Ansculf de Picquigny - Sheriff of Buckinghamshire, and Hala to Roger de Montgomerie, who became Earl of Shrewsbury. Whilst Doddingtree Hundred was gifted to Raoul II of Tosny, seigneur de Conches-en-Ouche, Ranulph de Mortimer, and Osbern Fitz Richard. Despite the Norman Conquest; the rest of the county was still held by the Abbeys of Pershore and Evesham, the Bishop of Worcester and Priory. The early story of Worcestershire's initial twelve hundreds - 'Came', 'Clent', 'Cresselau', 'Cuthburgelow' (Cuthbergehlawe), 'Doddingtree', 'Esch', 'Fishborough' (Fisseberge), 'Pershore' (along with the Abbot of Westminster's unnamed double hundred of displaced lands), 'Winburgetreow' and 'Wulfereslaw', is largely unknown, including when they were established. Cuthburgelow, Winburgetreow and Wulfereslaw became the triple-hundred of Oswaldslow, by 1086, administering the lands long held by the Bishop of Worcester and Priory. Pershore's lands had been granted to the Abbot of Westminster during the reign of Edward the Confessor, thus becoming a triple-hundred. Halfshire or "Dimidii Comitatus de Wych" (Half of Wych(e)) was formed before 1175–6; from an amalgamation of Came, Esch (except the possessions of Evesham Abbey, which became part of Blakenhurst) and the remnants of Clent, and consisted of land primarily owned by the Crown and Ansculf de Picquigny's successors.