He eventually died after a long fight with Bright's Disease, and died on June 25, 1905, at age 64. He is buried in Evergreen Cemetery in Portland, Maine. His brother, Nathaniel died in 1902. Melcher and Alice Hart had one daughter, Georgiana Hill, who married Harry Tukey Johnson. Hart outlived Melcher by 18 years. Most of Melcher's papers are currently stored at the Maine Historical Society, Bates College, and Bowdoin College. Melcher's writings, along with correspondence from other members of the 20th Maine were published in "With a Flash of His Sword: The Writings of. Maj. Holman S. Melcher, 20th Maine Infantry".