Le diable à quatre (opera)  Le diable à quatre ("The Devil to Pay") is an opéra comique in three acts by Christoph Willibald Gluck. The French-language libretto is by Michel-Jean Sedaine and Pierre Baurans, after a translation by Claude-Pierre Patu of the 1731 ballad opera by Charles Coffey entitled "The Devil to Pay, or The Wives Metamorphos’d". It was first performed at Laxenburg on May 28, 1759. The work was a popular success. Joseph Haydn used a melody from it, ""Je n’aimais pas le tabac beaucoup" (I didn’t like tobacco much)" in the first movement of his symphony "Le soir". Klaus Hortschansky has noted that "Le diable à quatre" is one of Gluck's few stageworks where the composer neither used musical material from prior works nor recycled material from it into future works. Bruce Brown has discussed Gluck's authorship of the music in detail, and has also edited the work for the Gluck "Sämtliche Werke". The story concerns an ill-natured Marquise. An astrologer, to whom she had refused shelter at her chateau, transforms her into the wife of a surly cobbler named Jacques and transforms the cobbler's sweet-natured wife into the Marquise. After the Marquise learns her lesson, the astrologer reverses the spell.