Wilhelm Reiss  Wilhelm Reiss (13 June 1838 – 29 September 1908) was a German geologist and explorer born in Mannheim. Along with Angel Escobar, he was the first person to scale Cotopaxi (1872), and with vulcanologist Alphons Stübel, he was the first to ascend Tungurahua (1873). He initially took business courses in Antwerp, but his interest soon turned towards geology. In 1858-60 he performed scientific research in Madeira, the Azores and Canary Islands. He studied sciences at several German learning institutions, earning his doctorate in 1864 from the University of Heidelberg. In 1866, with Stübel and geologist Karl von Fritsch, he conducted research in Santorini. In early 1868, with Stübel, he embarked on an exploratory trip to Hawaii. However, during a stopover in Colombia, the two men became fascinated with the Andes, and spent the next several years performing vulcanological, geological, ethnographical and archaeological research in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. In April 1876 Reiss returned to Germany from Rio de Janeiro, with Stübel continuing scientific investigations in Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and Bolivia. From 1885 to 1887 he was director of the "Gesellschaft für Erdkunde zu Berlin" (Society for Geography in Berlin), and in 1888 became director of the "Berliner Gesellschaft für Anthropologie, Ethnologie und Urgeschichte" (Berlin Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory). In 1892 he moved to Könitz, near the town of Saalfeld, where he died on 29 September 1908.