Mamyshev 2R regenerator  The Mamyshev 2R regenerator is an all-optical regenerator used in optical communications. In 1998, Pavel V. Mamyshev of Bell Labs proposed and patented the use of the self-phase modulation (SPM) for single channel optical pulse reshaping and re-amplification. More recent applications target the field of ultrashort high peak-power pulse generation. The schematic of the conventional Mamyshev regenerator is shown above. A High-Power Erbium doped fiber amplifier (HP-EDFA) boosts the incoming signal to the power (Pm) required for optimal peak power equalization of the ‘one’ symbols. This amplifier can be followed by an optical bandpass filter (not shown in the figure) in order to reject out of band amplified spontaneous emission. The self-phase modulation-induced spectral broadening is generated in a single-mode optical fiber with a length formula_1. The chromatic dispersion of this fiber is normal and its value is D. The nonlinear coefficient is formula_2, and the linear losses are formula_3. Several types of fibers have been successfully tested : non-zero dispersion-shifted fibers, highly nonlinear silica fibers (HNLF), microstructured silica fibers, chalcogenide fibers or tellurite fibers. At the fiber output, an optical bandpass filter (OBPF) with a FWHM spectral width formula_4, (defined such that the pulse width at the output is the same as that at the input of the system), is spectrally offset by an amount formula_5 with respect to the input signal carrier wavelength formula_6 and is used to carve into the broadened spectrum - thereby acting as a pulse reshaper. This is the unit configuration, which may be repeated for higher accuracy of the regeneration. It has been shown possible to advantageously replace the nonlinear fiber by a highly-nonlinear chalcogenide waveguide, therefore opening the way to all-integrated photonic chip regeneration. The Mamyshev regenerator can handle return-to-zero signals with ultrahigh data bit rates. Indeed, thanks to the quasi-instantaneous response of the nonlinear Kerr effect, this regenerator does not suffer from the finite recover time of some saturable absorbers. The interest of the Mamyshev regenerator lies in its ability to regenerate simultaneously the 'ones' and 'zeros' bit of information.