Journal Article Tag Suite  The Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) is an XML format used to describe scientific literature published online. It is a technical standard developed by the National Information Standards Organization (NISO) and approved by the American National Standards Institute with the code Z39.96-2012. The NISO project was a continuation of the work done by NLM/NCBI, and popularized by the NLM's PubMed Central as a "de facto" standard for archiving and interchange of scientific open-access journals and its contents with XML. With the NISO standardization the NLM initiative has gained a wider reach, and several other repositories, such as SciELO and Redalyc, adopted the XML formatting for scientific articles. The JATS provides a set of XML elements and attributes for describing the textual and graphical content of journal articles as well as some non-article material such as letters, editorials, and book and product reviews. JATS allows for descriptions of the full article content or just the article header metadata;  and allows other kinds of contents, including research and non-research articles, letters, editorials, and book and product reviews. Since its introduction, NCBI's NLM Archiving and Interchange DTD suite has become the "de facto" standard for journal article markup in scholarly publishing. With the introduction of NISO JATS, it has been elevated to a true standard. Even without public data interchange, the advantages of NISO JATS adoption affords publishers in terms of streamlining production workflows and optimizing system interoperability. By design, this is a model for journal articles, such as the typical research article found in an STM journal, and not a model for complete journals. There are three tag sets:  Document type definitions (also released in the form of RELAX NG and XML schema) define each set and incorporate other standards such as MathML and XHTML Tables (although not in the XHTML namespace). JATS "Publishing" set defines a document that is a top-level component of a journal such as an article, a book or product review, or a letter to the editor. Each such document is composed of front matter (required) and up to three optional parts. These must appear in the following order:  Following the front, body, back, and floating material, there may be either one or more responses to the article or one or more subordinate articles. This is the minimal article's structure,  article dtd-version="1.0" article-type="article" specific-use="migrated"  The codice_3 header is optional, a legacy from SGML and DTD-oriented validators.