Chinook Sciences  Chinook Sciences is a US and UK based technology company that specializes in waste to energy and metal recovery. Chinook Sciences holds many patents for its non-incineration "ultra clean synthetic gas" technology. Which is specifically designed for energy or liquid-fuel generation. They call this technology "Active Pyro®". This is used in their proprietary and patented system, which has gone through nine design generations since the year 2000. Chinook Sciences formed in 1998. The company began as a research group led by experts in nuclear, thermal and gas processing and was supporting those industries. The company soon moved its focus on becoming a technology and equipment provider to metal, industries gasses and environmental industries. In October 2008 Chinook Sciences announced the formation of Chinook Energy. A division that would exclusively handle their waste to energy technology application. In March 2009 Chinook Sciences and European Metal Recycling (EMR) announced a joint venture named Innovative Environmental Solutions UK LTD. (IES), which they would claim is the “first commercial scale enterprise to generate renewable electricity and recycle metal from automobile shredder residue” (ASR). In February 2010 EMR announced that they had secured planning permission for this plant in the UK town of Bootle in Merseyside, Liverpool. The significance of the project was highlighted in a scoping opinion produced by the Liverpool city council, which said:  "The EMR plant currently sends some 184,000 tons of SLF to landfill annually. The construction and operation of the proposed gasification plant will remove the need for almost 90% of this disposal, and the associated traffic trips. "This extra recycling stage will actively support EMR in meeting the requirements of the EU End-of-Life Vehicle Directive (The ELV Directive) where the ultimate goal is to reduce the amount of each ELV going to landfill to a maximum of 5%." In November 2009 documents submitted to Sandwell metropolitan borough council surfaced that revealed a proposal to build a second recycling and gasification facility in the UK. This proposed facility would be built by European Metal Recycling (EMR). The proposed facility would have the capacity to process up to 190,000 tons of waste a year, which would recover metals, plastics and aggregates. The remaining material (wood, foam and plastics) would then be treated using gasification to generate up to 30 megawatt hours (MWh) of electricity. This would leave only 3% (around 5,700 tons) of the initial waste that would be sent to landfill.