Ideal growing conditions for peppers include a sunny position with warm, loamy soil, ideally , that is moist but not waterlogged. Extremely moist soils can cause seedlings to "damp-off" and reduce germination. The plants will tolerate (but do not prefer) temperatures down to and they are sensitive to cold. For flowering, "Capsicum" is a non-photoperiod-sensitive crop. The flowers can self-pollinate. However, at extremely high temperature, , pollen loses viability, and flowers are much less likely to pollinate successfully . "Capsicum" consists of 20–27 species, five of which are domesticated: "C. annuum", "C. baccatum", "C. chinense", "C. frutescens", and "C. pubescens". Phylogenetic relationships between species have been investigated using biogeographical, morphological, chemosystematic, hybridization, and genetic data. Fruits of "Capsicum" can vary tremendously in color, shape, and size both between and within species, which has led to confusion over the relationships among taxa. Chemosystematic studies helped distinguish the difference between varieties and species. For example, "C. baccatum" var. "baccatum" had the same flavonoids as "C. baccatum" var. "pendulum", which led researchers to believe the two groups belonged to the same species. Many varieties of the same species can be used in many different ways; for example, "C. annuum" includes the "bell pepper" variety, which is sold in both its immature green state and its red, yellow, or orange ripe state. This same species has other varieties, as well, such as the Anaheim chiles often used for stuffing, the dried ancho (before being dried it is referred to as a poblano) chile used to make chili powder, the mild-to-hot, ripe jalapeno used to make smoked jalapeno, known as chipotle. Peru is thought to be the country with the highest cultivated "Capsicum" diversity since varieties of all five domesticates are commonly sold in markets in contrast to other countries. Bolivia is considered to be the country where the largest diversity of wild "Capsicum" peppers are consumed. Bolivian consumers distinguish two basic forms: ulupicas, species with small round fruits including "C. eximium", "C. cardenasii", "C. eshbaughii", and "C. caballeroi" landraces; and arivivis, with small elongated fruits including "C. baccatum" var. "baccatum" and "C. chacoense" varieties.