Representatives who returned to the House, after having previously served, are credited with service equal to one less than the total number of terms they served. When a representative has served a prior term of less than two terms (i.e. prior term minus one equals less than one), he is ranked above all others whose service begins on the same day. In this Congress the only formal leader was the Speaker of the House. A Speakership ballot was held on December 4, 1815 and Henry Clay (DR-KY) was re-elected for a third consecutive Congress (although he had resigned on January 19, 1814 so his service had not been continuous). The title Dean of the House (sometimes known, in the nineteenth century, as Father of the House) was held by the member with the longest continuous service. It was not a leadership position. The House created its first standing committee, on April 13, 1789. There were twelve standing committees, listed in the rules initially used by the 14th Congress. Seven additional committees were added during the Congress. Committees, in this period, were normally appointed for a session at a time by the Speaker. However the resolution of March 30, 1816, which created the committees on departmental expenditures and Expenditures on Public Buildings, provided for those standing committees to be appointed for the whole Congress. This list refers to the standing committees of the House in the 14th Congress, the year of establishment as a standing committee, the number of members assigned to the committee and the dates of appointment in each session (or if appropriate for the Congress), the end of the session (if appropriate) and its chairman. Chairmen, who were re-appointed after serving in the previous Congress, are indicated by an *. The first session was December 4, 1815 – April 30, 1816 (148 days) and the second session was December 2, 1816 – March 3, 1817 (92 days). A numerical rank is assigned to each of the 182 members initially elected to the 14th Congress. Other members, who were not the first person elected to a seat but who joined the House during the Congress, are not assigned a number (except for the representative from the newly admitted state of Indiana, who is assigned the number 183). Ten representatives-elect were not sworn in. Five of them died, three resigned and two did not qualify and were unseated after an election challenge. In addition Henry Clay (DR-KY) had his seat declared vacant, as he undertook a diplomatic task inconsistent with being a congressman.