Built to elaborate designs to assuage public concerns about their intrusiveness, many are architecturally noteworthy, and one 1919 public urinal in St. Crispin's Road is a listed building in its own right. From the 1980s onwards, with improved provision of toilets in shops, pubs and shopping centres, many of these earlier public toilets in their turn fell into disrepair and were closed down. It is not recorded how many anti urination devices were built in total. Many of them were built to address a specific issue and either subsequently deteriorated or were removed, and many more were destroyed in the 1930s and 1960s redevelopment of parts of the city centre, or destroyed during the Second World War. approximately 30 were recorded in central Norwich, with a few other examples scattered throughout other parts of East Anglia. Public urination continues to be a problem in parts of Norwich. The rear of St Gregory's Church is still commonly used for public urination (the front remains protected by its large flint anti urination device). In 2005 there was a sharp increase in the problem of people urinating through letter boxes in the city centre, particularly in the vicinity of Prince of Wales Road, while there have been sustained issues with people urinating in gardens in the area.