Zoku  A zoku may be labeled with a Japanese stem (e.g. "kaminari zoku") or a foreign language (gairaigo) stem (e.g. "saike zoku", where saike comes from "psychedelic"). As with the usual practice elsewhere, subcultures in Japan have almost certainly been labeled by an outsider to the group, often an influential person in the media. Subcultures that emerged in the early post-war decades include the "motorcycle-riding Thunder Tribe ("kaminarizoku"), the amplified-music-loving Electric Tribe ("erekizoku"), and the Psychedelic Tribe ("saikezoku")." Although "zoku" was applied to others in society, like senior citizens, salarymen, and political activists (e.g. Uyoku dantai), it was mostly used to label youth subcultures. Shintaro Ishihara's 1950s novel "Season of the Sun" gave rise to a reckless and carefree expression of youth which became stylised in subsequent films as "taiyo zoku" (sun tribe). This subculture had some parallels with the rocker and greaser subcultures being promoted by Hollywood films such as "Rebel without a Cause". Traditional Japanese considered the post-war "taiyo zoku" violent and promiscuous. Some Japanese youths admired American music, and Japanese Bill Haley clones were known as "rokabiri zoku" (the rockabilly tribe). At the height of the hippy movement and the psychedelic age in the 1960s, the "futen zoku" or vagabond tribe emerged in the Shinjuku area of Japan. Japanese media depicted them as dangerous because of their substance abuse and their public presence. More recreational drug users who patronized clubs and coffee shops were known as "danmo zoku". A 1970s Japanese punk movement was known as "karasu zoku" (crow tribe) because they wore black clothing and accessories. Young women readers of the 1970s magazines "an an" and "non no" were known as the "an-non zoku". In the 1980s, fashion became mixed with music and dance in the form of the "takenoko-zoku" or (bamboo-shoot tribe). This subculture was named after a boutique in Harajuku. Other parts of Tokyo such as Roppongi and Ginza have been centers of Japanese popular culture, and many zoku have been named after sites in these localities.