Thereafter the central government lost its interest in the southern islands. The southern islands reappeared in written history at the end of the 10th century. According to the "Nihongi ryaku" (c. 11th–12th centuries), Dazaifu, the administrative center of Kyushu, reported that the "Nanban" (southern barbarians) pirates, who were identified as Amami islanders by the "Shōyūki" (982–1032 for the extant portion), pillaged a wide area of Kyūshū in 997. In response, Dazaifu ordered to arrest the "Nanban". This is the first attested use of "Kikaigashima", which is often used in subsequent sources. The series of reports suggest that there were groups of people with advanced sailing technology in Amami and that Dazaifu had a stronghold in Kikai Island. In fact, historians hypothesize that the Amami Islands were incorporated into a trade network that connected it to Kyūshū, Song China and Goryeo. In fact, the "Shōyūki" recorded that in the 1020s, local governors of southern Kyūshū presented to the author, a court aristocrat, local specialties of the southern islands including the Chinese fan palm, red woods, and shells of Green Turban Shell. The "Shinsarugakuki", a fictional work written in the mid-11th century, introduced a merchant named Hachirō-mauto, who traveled all the way to the land of the Fushū in the east and to in the west. The goods he obtained from the southern islands included shells of Green Turban Shell and sulfur. The "Shinsarugakuki" was not mere fiction; the Golden Hall of Chūson-ji (c. 1124) in northeastern Japan was decorated with tens of thousands of green turban shells. Some articles of 1187 of the "Azuma Kagami" state that Ata Tadakage of Satsuma Province fled to sometime around 1160. The "Azuma Kagami" also states that in 1188 Minamoto no Yoritomo, who soon became the "shōgun", dispatched troops to pacify . It was noted that the imperial court objected the military expedition claiming that it was beyond Japan's administration. The "Tale of the Heike" (13th century) depicted , where Shunkan, Taira no Yasuyori, and Fujiwara no Naritsune were exiled following the Shishigatani Incident of 1177.