Modern factories, schools, and hospitals were starting to form around Seoul. This is noticeable in “One lucky day”, as the rickshaw that Kim is driving was a popular form of transportation, because the citizens of Seoul during the 1920s needed an easy-to-use transportation due to their busy everyday life. The fact that there were already train rails and stations, and the fact that there were modern schools and hospitals is also written inside the novel. However, while the settings of “One Lucky Day” was Seoul, a modern city, Hyun Jin-geon focuses on the daily life of lower class citizens in the story, and how harsh it was. In the story, Kim conflicts between earning money to sustain life, and looking after his dying wife. This shows the pitiful life of lower class citizens during the Japanese forced occupation, who couldn't do much and had to go out and earn money, even when their wife was dying. The setting of “One Lucky Day”, Seoul, was already starting to become a modern city during the 1920s. However, there were still a lot of people working hard to survive day by day. There were a lot of “Kim”s out there, living difficultly. Seoul was full of lower class citizens who were tormented by poverty, and this poverty is the problem that Hyun Jin-geon, along with other realism authors at that time, tried to point out with the settings of their stories. This novel is a work that is very precisely structured toward a single focus, in which its tragic effects are revealed by irony. Also, the background of the rain is set very methodically. The image of the uncontrollable winter rain that is constantly reminded is not only a functional background to illustrate the death of his wife, but also symbolizes the gloomy environment in which Kim is located. It represents the poor life of the lower classes in the colonial city. This shows that the author is not idealizing reality, but is rather grasping its true form. In the end, Kim is not a special individual, but a representative of the suffering colonial people. The creation of a personality typology such as Kim was also in the context of the rise of the sympathetic literature (New Trends Literature), which mainly dealt with the lives of the people in the mid-1920s. Also, paying attention to the literary transformation of the author, this work was the starting point of clearing out his early autobiographical novels centered on the intellectuals, facing the reality of the colonialism and pursuing the destiny of the populace, the greatest victim of colonialism.