The murder of Rizzio and the subsequent downfall of Darnley form the main subject of the 1830 play "Maria Stuart" by Juliusz Słowacki. Rizzio's life and death are a key plot element in Caleb Carr's Sherlock Holmes story "The Italian Secretary", Holmes vocally dismissing the idea that Rizzio was ever anything more than entertainment. Arthur Conan Doyle used the death of Rizzio as a plot point in his 1908 story, “The Silver Mirror”. Thomas Randolph listed these men as participants in Rizzio's murder: with the preachers; John Knox and John Craig.