The P&O educational cruise ship and former British India Steam Navigation Company liner was requisitioned as a hospital ship, and served after the war as a troopship until the RAF Mount Pleasant station was built at Stanley, which could handle trooping flights. By the first decade of the 21st century, only a few former ocean liners were still in existence, some like "SS Norway", were sailing as cruise ships while others, like , were preserved as museums, or laid up at pier side like "SS United States". After the retirement of "Queen Elizabeth 2" in 2008, the only ocean liner in service was , built in 2003–04, used for both point-to-point line voyages and for cruises. Four ocean liners that were made before World War II survive today as they have been preserved as museums, and hotels. The Japanese ocean liner "Hikawa Maru", has been preserved in Naka-ku, Yokohama, Japan, as a museum ship, since 1961. was preserved in 1967 after her retirement, and became a museum/hotel in Long Beach, California. In the 1970s, was also preserved, and now resides in Bristol, England as another museum. The latest ship to undergo preservation is , which is to become a dry berthed hotel on Bintan Island, Indonesia. Post-war ocean liners that are preserved are (1952), docked in Philadelphia since 1996; (1958), moored in Rotterdam as a museum and hotel since 2008; and "Queen Elizabeth 2" (1967), floating luxury hotel and museum at Mina Rashid, Dubai since 2018. Two former ocean liners remain in service as cruise ships, operating under Cruise & Maritime Voyages: (1965) (formerly MS "Alexandr Pushkin"), and (1948) (originally MS "Stockholm," which collided with in 1956). Since their beginning in the 19th century, ocean liners must meet growing demands. The first liners were small and overcrowded, leading to unsanitary conditions on board. Eliminating these phenomena required larger ships, to reduce the crowding of passengers, and faster ships, to reduce the duration of transatlantic crossings. The iron and steel hulls and steam power allowed for these advances. Thus, (1,340 GRT) and (18,915 GRT) were constructed in 1838 and 1858 respectively. The record set by "Great Eastern" was not beaten until 43 years later in 1901 when (20,904 GT) was completed.