Orgasm gap  The orgasm gap, or pleasure gap, is a social phenomenon referring to the general disparity between cisgender men and women in terms of sexual satisfaction—more specifically, the unequal frequency in achievement of orgasm during sexual encounters. Currently, across every demographic that has been studied, women report the lowest frequency of reaching orgasm during sexual encounters with men. Researchers speculate there are multiple factors that may contribute to the orgasm gap  (see below). Orgasm gap researcher, Laurie Mintz claims that the primary reason for this form of gender inequality is due to “our cultural ignorance of the clitoris” and that it is commonplace to "mislabel women’s genitals by the one part (the vagina) that gives men, but not women, reliable orgasms". Data of sexual behaviour research indicates the majority of women (up to 70%) do not usually reach orgasm during mixed-sex sexual activity, whereas men (over 90%) usually do. During partnered sexual encounters, rates of orgasm for men do not vary depending on one’s sexual orientation; though, lesbians or women who have sex with women report significantly higher rates of orgasm (up to 83%) than those who have sex with men. This variance among women is influenced by the prioritization of clitoral stimulation during women only sexual encounters. It has been determined that for women, clitoral stimulation is the most reliable method of reaching orgasm with nearly all women requiring some form of clitoral stimulation in order to achieve orgasm. Conversely, vaginal-penile intercourse is not known to reliably result in orgasm for women. Studies have found that women report pretending to orgasm during vaginal-penile intercourse more than during any other sexual practise. Feminist researchers credit the "phallocentricity" of mixed-sex partnering as being a main contributor to the orgasm gap; multiple studies of sexual behaviour and attitudes have concluded that mixed-sex partners prioritize vaginal-penile penetration and men's satisfaction. Studies of heterosexual college "hook-up" culture found "both men and women reported that men are typically not concerned with women’s pleasure in hookups, but both reported that men are very attentive to women’s pleasure in relationships". Results show that women were less likely to reach orgasm during casual sex rather than relationship sex; this difference was attributed to an overall increased presence of focused clitoral stimulation and men's willingness to perform cunnalingus during relationship sex. Biology and sex researcher, Elisabeth Lloyd reviewed the most prominent studies of female sexuality and argues that the female orgasm has been impacted by the questionable scientific integrity of each of these studies as they are consistently predicated on androcentric assumptions about the female body.