Tosa dialect  One of the distinctions between Tosa dialect and other Western Japanese dialects is the use of the verb suffixes "-yuu" and "-chuu" to show aspect. Grammatically, "-yuu" encapsulates the continuative and progressive aspects while "-chuu" separately encapsulates a repeated action or continuing state. In Standard Japanese both are represented by "-te-iru". The respective past tense forms are "-yotta" and "-chotta", while the negative forms are "-yasen" and "-chasen". Other distinctive features of Tosa dialect include its clause-ending particles, such as "kendo" for disjunction, "ga" as a question marker and "ki" to denote reason. Many features of Tosa dialect are shared with neighbouring Hata dialect, spoken in the western part of Kōchi Prefecture.