Additionally President of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan have visited the United Kingdom in July 2012. Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher visited Armenia in June 1990 when it was part of the Soviet Union. The devolved governments of Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland recognize the Armenian genocide, however the British government does not recognize the Armenian Genocide, as it considers that the evidence is not clear enough to respectively consider "the terrible events that afflicted the Ottoman Armenian population at the beginning of the last century" genocide under the 1948 UN convention. The British government states the "massacres were an appalling tragedy" and condemns them stating that this was the view of the government during that period. According to Vered Amit's "Armenians in London: The Management of Social Boundaries", published in 1989, around 10,000 Armenians were living in Greater London at the time. The majority were thought to be first-generation immigrants from Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Iran and Cyprus. They also include Armenians from Ethiopia, India, Egypt, Israel, as well as individuals from other countries. Manchester has been home to an Armenian population since 1835, with 30 Armenian businesses thought to have been operating in the city by 1862.