Svoboda (political party)  The All-Ukrainian Union "Svoboda" (, "Vseukrayinske obyednannia "Svoboda""), translated as Freedom, is a Ukrainian nationalist political party. The party was founded in 1991 as the Social-National Party of Ukraine () and acts as a populist proponent of extreme nationalism. It is positioned between the right-wing and the far-right of the political spectrum. It is widely considered a fascist and/or anti-semitic party, while others have disputed the neo-fascist label, and simply consider it a radical nationalist party. In 2004, the party was reformed under the current name, and since then Oleh Tyahnybok has been party leader (elected every two years). During the 2009 and 2010 local elections in western Ukraine, the party made significant gains and became a major force in local government. In the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary elections, Svoboda won its first seats in the Ukrainian Parliament. It garnered 10.44% of the popular vote and the 4th most seats among national political parties; this transposed into 37 parliamentary seats. From 27 February 2014 till 12 November 2014 three members of the party held positions in Ukraine's government. The party won 6 constituency seats in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election; it obtained 4.71% of national election list votes. In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party won one constituency seat, this time with 2.15% of the nationwide election list vote. In the 2019 parliamentary election Svoboda formed a united (nationwide) party list with the Governmental Initiative of Yarosh, Right Sector and National Corps. The Social-National Party of Ukraine (SNPU) was registered as a party on 16 October 1995; the constituent congress of the party took place on 13 October 1991, in Lviv. The party was established by the Soviet Afghan War veterans organization, the youth organization "Spadshchyna" ("Heritage", headed by Andriy Parubiy), the Lviv Student Fraternity (headed by Oleh Tyahnybok), the Rukh Guard (headed by Yaroslav Andrushkiv and Yuriy Kryvoruchko). The leader of the party was elected doctor Yaroslav Andrushkiv. The party adopted a party emblem that could be associated with fascist formation and in Europe is used by neo-Nazi organizations. Due to a corporate raid threat on temples of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Kiev Patriarchate), there were created SNPU formations for their protection, particularly the Holy-Dormition Church of Volodymyr-Volynsky and the Saint Trinity Church in Lutsk.