Fanfare  A fanfare (or fanfarade or flourish) is a short musical flourish that is typically played by trumpets or other brass instruments, often accompanied by percussion . It is a "brief improvised introduction to an instrumental performance" . A fanfare has also been defined as "a musical announcement played on brass instruments before the arrival of an important person", such as heralding the entrance of a monarch . Historically, fanfares were usually played by trumpet players, as the trumpet was associated with royalty . Bugles are also mentioned . The melody notes of a fanfare are often based around the major triad, often using "[h]eroic dotted rhythms" . By extension, the term may also designate a short, prominent passage for brass instruments in an orchestral composition. Fanfares are widely used in opera orchestral parts, notably in Wagner's "Tannhauser" and "Lohengrin" and in Beethoven's "Fidelio". In "Fidelio", the dramatic use of the fanfare is heightened by having the trumpet player perform offstage, which creates a muted effect. A fanfare is a short, showy, piece of music usually played for a special event. It is often played to announce the arrival of an important person, such as a king, queen or presidential leader. Fanfares are usually played by trumpets or French horns and other brass instruments, often with drums. The word has been traced to a 15th-century Spanish root, "fanfa" ("vaunting"). Though the word may be onomatopoeic, it is also possible that it is derived from the Arabic word "fanfáre" ("trumpets"). The word is first found in 1546 in French, and in English in 1605, but it was not until the 19th century that it acquired its present meaning of a brief ceremonial flourish for brass . Indeed, an alternative term for the fanfare is "flourish", as in the "Ruffles and Flourishes" played by military bands in the US to announce the arrival of the President, a general, or other high-ranking dignitary . "In the England of Shakespeare's time", fanfares "were often known as flourishes and sometimes as "tickets" (a word related to toccata) . In French usage, "fanfare" also may refer to a hunting signal (given either on "starting" a stag, or after the kill when the hounds are given their share of the animal).