Hectochlorin  Hectochlorin is a lipopeptide that exhibits potent antifungal activity against "C. albicans" and a number of plants pathogens, as well as inhibiting growth of human cell lines by hyperpolymerization of actin. It was originally isolated from the filamentous cyanobacterium "Moorea producens" JHB, collected from Hector Bay, Jamaica, 1996, which is a strain also known for being the producer of other two potent biomolecules named Jamaicamide A and Cryptomaldamide. Due to its activity against plants pathogens, synthetic efforts elucidated the compound’s total synthesis in 2002. "Moorea" species are normally the main component of the dietary of some sea hares, which concentrate the cyanobacterial metabolites as a mechanism of defense from predators. Therefore, in 2005, hectochlorin was re-isolated from the Thai sea hare "Bursatella leachii", along with a new analogue, deacetylhectochlorin. Another reisolation of hectochlorin was reported in 2013, from another "Moorea producens" strain (RS05), isolated from the Red Sea, surprising in a non-tropical environment, as opposed to the other Moorea strains isolated before. The predicted biosynthesis of hectochlorin was published in 2007 and consists in a hybrid NRPS-PKS, with a hexanoic acid as start unit that becomes halogenated twice in the position 5, producing fairly rare gem-dichloro group, that along with two 2,3-dihydroxyisovaleric acid (DHIV) units compose a very interesting bioactive molecule. The biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) is composed of 8 genes (Figure 1A), of which seven are directly related to the synthesis of the molecule (hctA-B and hctD-H, in green) and one is predicted to encode a transposase (hctC, in yellow), that tends to be related to the mobility of the gene and not the synthesis of molecule features. The cluster is also flanked by other 5 ORF (Open Reading Frames), including 3 hypothetical proteins, a homing endonuclease and a reverse transcriptase of unknown function regarding biosynthesis mechanistic of the molecule. Biosynthesis of hectochlorin starts with hctA (Figure 1A), responsible for the start unit, which has 53% similarity to an Acyl-ACP synthetase in "Fischerella" and is predicted to generate a hexanoic acid that starts the hectochlorin molecule.