Himyar  The Ḥimyar or Himyarites (, "Ḥimyar", Ancient South Arabian: ) (fl. 110 BCE–520s CE), historically referred to as the Homeritae by the Greeks and the Romans, was a region in the southern highlands of Yemen and a tribal confederacy. The tribal confederacy was part of the Qatabanian Kingdom. In 110 BCE, they withdrawn from Qataban and got independence. According to classical sources, their capital was the ancient city of Zafar, to be followed at the beginning of the 4th century by what is the modern-day city of Sana'a. After the establishment of their kingdom, it was ruled by kings from dhū-Raydān tribe. The kingdom was named Raydān. The kingdom conquered neighbouring Saba' in c. 25 BCE (for the first time), Qataban in c. 200 CE, and Haḍramaut c. 300 CE. Its political fortunes relative to Saba' changed frequently until it finally conquered the Sabaean Kingdom around 280. Himyar then endured until it finally fell to invaders from the Kingdom of Aksum in 525 CE. The Himyarites worshiped most of the south-Arabian deities such as Wadd, ʿAthtar, 'Amm and Almaqah. During the reign of Abikarib Asʿad (before 384 to after 433 CE), he adopted a monotheistic religion that was influenced by Judaism. It was also embraced by the tribal upper class behind him and by other people. The Ḥimyarite Kingdom maintained nominal control in Arabia until 525. Its economy was based on agriculture, and foreign trade centered on the export of frankincense and myrrh. For many years, the kingdom was also the major intermediary linking East Africa and the Mediterranean world. This trade largely consisted of exporting ivory from Africa to be sold in the Roman Empire. Ships from Ḥimyar regularly travelled the East African coast, and the state also exerted a large amount of Influence both cultural, religious and political over the trading cities of East Africa whilst the cities of East Africa remained independent. The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea describes the trading empire of Himyar and its ruler "Charibael" (probably Karab'il Watar Yuhan'emII), who is said to have been on friendly terms with Rome:  During this period, the Kingdom of Ḥimyar conquered the kingdoms of Saba' and Qataban and took Raydan/Zafar for its capital instead of Ma'rib; therefore, they have been called Dhu Raydan (Arabic: ذو ريدان).