Matsukura Castle (Toyama Prefecture)  Matsukura Castle is located on Mount Matsumura, a peak on a ridge which a continuation of the Tateyama Mountain Range. The Uozu area is at the base of this ridge facing Toyama Bay, and was noted for its fishing industry. In addition, a gold mine also existed at Mount Mataukura, so the area was both strategically and economically important. Matsukura Castle occupies an L-shaped ridge running north and east. The inner bailey was a rectangular area approximately about 100 meter long by 40 meter wide, and contained a building which had a foundation 40 meter square, and was surrounded by a deep dry moat, which may have been a donjon. The inner bailey is protected by a second, third and fourth enclosure in line along the ridge, each separated by a dry moat. On the western ridge is a large flat area, which may have contained the residence of the castellan, and it is surrounded by smaller flat areas, which may have continued residences for major retainers, barracks and storehouses. Matsukura Castle was built around the year 1335 by the Bōmon clan, and later came under the control of the Momonoi clan. By the Nanboku-chō period, it became the main base of Shiina clan. The Shiina served as retainers of the Hatakeyama clan, and were appointed "shugodai" of Niikawa District of Etchū Province. Their main rivals were the Jinbō clan based at Toyama Castle. In the 1550s, the Jinbō clan gained ascendant over the Shiina; however, the Shiina made an alliance with Uesugi Kenshin, who captured Toyama Castle in 1570 after a fierce back-and-forth struggle. The leader of the Jinbō clan fled to Oda Nobunaga, and the Toyama area was awarded to one of Kenshin's retainers. Furious that they had been denied the Toyama are, the Shiina turned to Kenshin's rival, Takeda Shingen, for assistance in 1568. Kenshin then laid siege to Matsukura Castle, which held out for two years until 1571. Shine Yasutane escaped, and continued to fight the Uesugi until his death in 1576. Uesugi Kenshin rebuilt Matsukura Castle as a base of operations in Etchū Province and expanded his territory westward, coming into conflict with Oda Nobunaga.