The ratings were put into effect in August 2009. They are as follows:   In Turkey, movies to be shown in cinemas are rated by the Evaluation and Classification Board of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. All films to be made commercially available must be classified, except in the case of educational films which are labeled as "for educational purposes" instead. The board also has the power to refuse classification in extreme cases (producers and distributors can submit an edited version of a movie to the board but edited versions may also be rejected if still deemed inappropriate); in this case, the movie will be banned with the exception of special artistic activities like fairs, festivals, feasts and carnivals. The Ministry of Information of the United Arab Emirates classifies all films, which cinemas must abide by. The British Board of Film Classification (BBFC) classifies films to be publicly exhibited in the United Kingdom, although statutory powers remain with local councils which can overrule any of the BBFC's decisions. Since 1984, the BBFC also classifies films made commercially available through a home video format. If the BBFC refuses a classification this effectively amounts to a ban (although local councils retain the legal right to overturn it in the case of cinema exhibition). The BBFC's regulatory powers do not extend to the Internet, so a film they have banned on physical media can still be made available via streaming media/video on demand. Videos designed to inform, educate or instruct or concerned with sport, religion or music are exempt from classification; exempt films may be marked as "E", but this is not an official label. The current BBFC system is:  Older video works still in circulation may still carry the deprecated Uc label, classifying the work as "Especially suitable for pre-school children". In the United States of America, film classification is a voluntary process with the ratings issued by the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) via the Classification and Rating Administration (CARA). The system was established in 1968, but the version listed below is the most recent revision, having been in effect since 1990. An unrated film is often informally denoted by "NR" in newspapers and so forth. Age ratings are divided into several categories. The age that corresponds to the category and the level of enforcement is defined by municipality ordinances. In the San Cristóbal municipality the following ratings apply:   In the Baruta municipality the following ratings apply:   In the Maracaibo municipality children under the age of two are not admitted to performances and the ratings are enforced:   All theatrical releases are screened by the Cinema Department of the Ministry of Culture, Sport and Travel of Vietnam to ensure suitability for public viewing.