Example: oel ngati tse’a  The dative case is -r or -ru on nouns ending with a vowel, and -ìr on nouns ending with a consonant. The genitive case is -yä, except on nouns ending with o or u, where it is -ä, or nouns ending with -ia that become -iä. The topical case is -ri on nouns ending with a vowel, and -ìri on nouns ending with a vowel. The suffix -yu turns a verb into an agent noun. The prefix tì, in combination with the infix -us-, forms the gerund. The suffix -tswo creates a noun indicating the ability to do the verb. Na'vi verbs primarily use affixes to modify their meaning. They do not conjugate for person, but for tense. Each affix has a specific location. When an infix is added to a Na'vi syllable, the infix goes after the initial consonant but before the vowel. There are three positions where an infix is added: the pre-first preposition, which goes immediately before the first position, the first position, which goes in the penultimate syllable, and the second position, which goes in the final syllable. If the verb is monosyllabic, all three positions go after each other. If the verb is a compound, the infixes only go in the head  The causative infix is -eyk-. When a causative verb is used, the ergative becomes the dative, and the accusative remains as it is. The reflexive infix is -äp-. When it is used with -eyk-, it always comes first (-äpeyk-)  There are four types of tense infixes, which mark for the past, near past, general, near future and future tenses, and that mark for the general, imperfective, and perfective aspects The first type are the regular ones  There are two future intent infixes. There are also a few subjunctive infixes Na'vi has a few modal verbs, which when used, they must take the tense affixes and the modified verb must take the general subjunctive. The subject of the modal verb takes the intransitive case. Example: ’emyu new syuvet ayfol yivom  There are four infixes in this category, two indicating affect, two indicating speaker judgement.