What evidence is there to support lifestyle interventions after a stroke?
Lifestyle recommendations in stroke secondary prevention draw from convincing primary prevention data and broader CVD populations. Recurrent stroke lacks robust evidence supporting interventions addressing smoking and diet/nutrition, while physical activity interventions are limited to non-disabling stroke and there is no evidence regarding substance use. Optimal time windows to deliver lifestyle interventions after stroke are also not yet known, and future research is required to address these knowledge gaps.