What are the dietary approaches recommended to prevent and treat hypertension?
The dietary approaches recommended to prevent and treat hypertension, as outlined in the American Heart Association's “Dietary Approaches to Prevent and Treat Hypertension” scientific statement from 2006, include reducing sodium intake, increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables, and following a Mediterranean diet. The Mediterranean diet includes a high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, and olive oil, as well as moderate consumption of fish, dairy, and wine. The US Department of Agriculture's 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans also recommends limiting sodium intake and increasing consumption of fruits and vegetables. Studies have shown that these approaches are associated with reduced risks of stroke and cardiovascular disease.