This page intentionally left blank Index Bold indicates the diagnosis of the case discussed within the page range. ankylosing spondylitis 97 \200\2238 Beh et \200\231s disease 226 enteropathic arthritis 36 eosinophilic fasciitis 201 in \202 ammatory spondyloarthropathy 102 juvenile idiopathic a rthritis 120 pregnancy 58 relapsing polychondritis 194 rheumatoid arthritis 142 , 143 rheum atoid vasculitis 207 septic arthritis risk 213 \200\22314 AA amyloidosis 66 , 67 abdominal pain 66 abdominal serositis 65 ACCP antibody 28 ACE inhibi tors 237 Achilles tendinopathy 99 \200\223102 acromegaly 42 , 253 \200\2238 acupuncture 159 acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis 18 adalimumab 36 , 97 , 120 , 142 , 194 , 244 adenov irus 248 adhesive capsulitis 60 adverse neural dynamics 103 \200\2237 albumin 166 alcohol i ntake 30 , 44 aldolase 166 alendronate therapy 124 , 136 antibiotic therapy Lyme disease 252 prophylactic in Wegener \200\231s granulomatosis 136 , 137 reactive arthritis 252 septic arthritis 212 \200\22313 Whipple \200\231s disease 177 osteoporosis 85 Paget \200\231s disease 6 anticentromere antibody 162 anticitrullinated C-peptide (ACCP) antibody 28 anticoagulation therapy 237 anticonvulsants 159 antinuclear antibodies (ANA) 117 , 135 , 248 , 264 antiphos pholipid syndrome 56 , 75 \200\22382 antisynthetase syndrome 164 \200\22371 anxiety 265 aor tic dissection 72 aortic regurgitation 231 aortic root dilatation 72 appendectomy 64 , 65 , 66 arrhythmias 44 , 167 , 206 arterial thromboembolism 81 \200\2232 arterial ulcers 204 ar thralgia 18 , 60 , 110 , 138 , 225 , 230 , 259 , 264 arthritis 18 , 66 , 225 , 246 aspartat e transaminase (AST) 166 aspirin therapy 14 , 56 , 82 , 237 atlanto-axial subluxation 218 , 219 , 221 atorvastatin 30 , 199 auricular chondritis 193 autologous blood 101 avascular ne crosis 112 azathioprine therapy 14 , 36 , 120 , 155 , 170 , 194 , alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 4 , 7 allopurinol 29 -adrenergic receptor antagonists 237 ama urosis 231 amlodipine 30 , 136 , 236 amoxicillin 252 amyloidosis 66 , 67 anemia 230 iron-de \201 ciency 174 pernicious 265 anakinra 67 , 92 , 194 Andersson lesion 96 angiogra phy 231 \200\2232 angiotensin II receptor antagonists 163 , 237 ankle pain and swelling 20 , 46 ankylosing spondylitis 36 , 93 \200\2238 anorexia 172 anterior compartment syndrome, exercise-induced 128 anterior knee pain 186 \200\2239 anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies 135 anti-La antibodies 56 , 262 anti-Mi- 2 169 anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies 206 , 207 , 231 Beh et \200\231s disease (BD) 226 , 227 pregnancy 56 , 58 Wegener \200\231s granulomatosis 136 (ANCA) 134 \200\2235 anti-Ro antibodies 56 , 168 , 262 anti-SRP 169 anti-synthetase 169 anti-thrombotics 237 ant i-TNF therapy B-cell lymphoma 265 back pain 6 , 93 , 96 , 182 274 INDEX band keratopathy 119 Beh et \200\231s disease 22 , 90 , 174 , 223 \200\2237 benzbromarone 30 bio \201 lms 212 bisphosphonate therapy CMRO/SAPHO 244 giant cell arteritis 14 hypocalc aemia risk 7 neuropathic pain 159 osteogenesis imperfecta 123 \200\2234 osteoporosis 85 Pag et \200\231s disease 6 \200\2237 side effects 7 blindness 6 , 13 blistering dactylitis 146 , 147 blood pressure differences in arms 228 , 231 blue sclera 123 boggy synovitis 48 , 52 bone biopsy 123 bone scan cerebrovascular disorders 225 cervical disc prolapse 104 cervical instability 219 , 222 cer vical sympathectomy 238 Charcot \200\231s joints 18 chemical sympathectomy 238 chest pain 6 2 , 231 chest wall 239 , 243 chest X-ray (CXR) chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) 239 , 242 increased cardiac silhouette 138 , 141 myositis 166 sarcoidosis 20 , 23 childhood febrile episodes 62 , 64 , 65 choreiform movements 75 , 78 \200\2239 chronic auto immune thyroiditis 60 chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis 242 chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) 239 \200\22345 chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis ciclosporin therapy 120 , 170 , 194 (CRMO) 242 Beh et \200\231s disease 226 , 227 HIV-associated psoriasis 111 macrophage activation synd rome 92 pregnancy 58 cirrhosis 44 , 265 CNS manifestations Paget \200\231s disease 5 SAPHO syndrome 243 stress fracture 129 bone tumors 242 Borrelia spp. 250 bosentan 163 , 237 botulinum toxin 237 brain biopsy 155 b reathing problems 131 , 138 , 141 brucellosis 250 \200\2231 , 252 bruises 75 bruits 231 Bud d \200\223Chiari syndrome 225 bursitis 100 , 112 Beh et \200\231s disease 225 relapsing polychondritis 194 CNS vasculitis 150 \200\2236 co-trimoxazole 136 , 137 , 177 coeliac disease 32 , 174 , 265 colchicine 24 , 29 , 66 , 67 complex regional pain syndrome 157 \200\22360 computed tomogra phy (CT) cervical spine 218 interstitial lung disease 264 myositis 167 , 170 Paget \200\231s disease 5 SAPHO syndrome 243 stress fracture 129 systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 91 C-reactive protein (CRP) 9 , 91 , 166 , 190 , 198 , 201 calcitonin 7 calcium channel blockers 163 , 236 calcium pyrophosphate deposition 42 , 43 ca lcium supplementation 7 , 14 , 85 camping 246 , 248 canine distemper 8 CARD 15 gene 36 \200 \2237 cardiac/cardiovascular manifestations antiphospholipid syndrome 81 haemochromatosis 4 4 Marfan \200\231s syndrome 72 myositis 167 relapsing polychondritis 193 rheumatoid arthrit is 141 rheumatoid vasculitis 206 sarcoidosis 24 scleredema 198 computer use 104 congenital contractural arachnodactyly 70 congenital heart block 264 conne ctive tissue disease 198 , 224 , 251 contraceptive advice 82 coping styles 158 cornea band keratopathy 119 ulcerative keratitis 193 , 206 corneal melt syndrome 206 corticosteroids, see steroid therapy cough 131 , 193 , 231 , 259 , 264 Coxsackie virus 166, 248 creatine phosphokinase (CPK) 166 crescentic glomerulonephrit is 135 CREST syndrome 162 , 236 cricket injury 182 \200\2235 Crohn \200\231s disease 32 , 3 6 \200\2237 carpal tunnel syndrome 60 , 256 , 257 Castleman \200\231s disease 90 central cervical disc prolapse 104 cerebral angiography 155 275 INDEX eosinophilic granuloma 242 episcleritis 193 Epstein \200\223Barr virus (EBV) 18 , 248 eryth ema chronicum migrans 250 erythema marginatum 249 erythema nodosum 22 , 24 , 230 erythemato us nodules 15 , 18 erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 9 , 91 , 92 , crystal arthropathy 210 CT angiography 232 cyclophosphamide therapy 155 , 194 , 227 , 231 fertility 56 pregnancy 58 rheumatoid vasculitis 206 , 207 Wegener \200\231s granulomatosis 136 166 , 199 , 201 dactylitis 36 , 144 , 146 \200\2237 dapsone 194 deafness 6 , 123 , 193 deep cutaneous vascu litis 206 deep vein thrombosis 225 dental caries 259 , 264 dentinogenesis imperfecta 123 de pression 265 dermatomyositis 15 , 148 , 167 , 170 , 198 diabetes 44 , 199 , 256 diarrhea 17 2 diclofenac 119 dietary advice gout 30 haemochromatosis 44 etanercept 92 , 97 , 142 , 194 ethnicity 8 , 12 , 64 , 65 euthyroid autoimmune thyroid dise ase 61 Evan \200\231s syndrome 81 exercise link anterior compartment syndrome 128 eosinophilic fasciitis 199 exhaustion 264 extended juvenile idiopathic arthritis 117 extracorporeal shock wave therapy 101 eye manifestations Beh et \200\231s disease 225 , 226 juvenile idiopathic arthritis 119 , 120 Marfan \200\231 s syndrome 72 osteogenesis imperfecta 123 relapsing polychondritis 190 , 193 rheumatoid vas culitis 206 sarcoidosis 24 Sj gren \200\231s syndrome 263 diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis 162 diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis 256 diffu se in \201 ltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) 110 , 112 disc prolapse 104 Disease Activity Score (DAS) 140 DISH syndrome 256 diving 72 doxycycline 252 drug reaction 18 , 78 \200\2239 , 199 , 224 , 235 dry eyes 108 , 259 , 263 dry mouth 10 8 , 111 , 263 \200\2234 dry needling 101 dry skin 264 duodenal biopsy 176 dural ectasia 72 dysmenorrhoea 64 , 65 dysphasia 75 , 150 dyspnoea 91 , 193 , 231 , 264 eyelid oedema 193 facial features, coarsened 257 facial nerve palsy 108 , 110 , 111 factor V Leiden 226 facto r VIII therapy 52 falls 61 , 218 familial hypercholesterolaemias 256 familial Mediterranean fever 62 \200\2237 fatigue 9 , 108 , 131 , 164 , 202 , 208 , 230 , 253 , 256 , 259 , 264 FDG-PET scan 13 , 232 febuxostat 30 felodipine 236 female athlete triad 130 , 178 \200\22381 , 268 femoral fracture 1 , 6 feno \201 brate 30 ferritin 42 , 44 , 91 fer tility 56 , 64 , 66 , 264 fever 12 , 15 , 18 , 62 , 90 \200\223 1 , 144 , 164 , 208 , 210 , eccentric calf raises 101 echocardiography 138 , 139 , 162 ectopia lentis 72 endomyocardial in \202 ammation/ \201 brosis 141 \200\2232 endophthalmitis 193 endothelin- 1 163 , 236 endothelin receptor antagonists 237 enteropathic arthritis 22 , 31 \200\2237 , 251 enthesit is-related arthritis 242 enthesitis-related in \202 ammatory 230 , 242 \201 brillin 71 \201 bromyalgia 110 , 158 , 159 \202 ucloxacillin 64 , 213 fractures femoral 1 , 6 fragility fractures 61 , 84 hypothyroidism 61 juvenile idiopathic arthritis 8 3 , 84 neck of femur 59 neck of femur stress fracture 180 , 181 Pagetic bone 6 spondyloarthropathy 100 , 101 \200\2232 enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis 32 enthesopathies 32 , 36 environmental fa ctors 8 eosinophilia 142 , 166 eosinophilia \200\223myalgia syndrome 200 eosinophilic fasci itis 196 \200\223201 276 INDEX fractures (cont.) heel pain/swelling 31 , 32 , 99 heparin 56 , 81 , 82 , 237 hepatic \201 brosis 44 hepatit is B 249 hepatitis C 48 \200\2239 , 154 hepatocellular carcinoma 44 hepatosplenomegaly 172 hereditary periodic fever syndrome 90 HFE C282Y 43 HFE gene 42 \200\2233 high-resolution CT 167 , 170 , 264 high-volume tenotomy 101 highly active antiretroviral therapy 111 \200\223 12 HIV 48 , 108 \200\22313 , 154 , 212 , 249 HLA B 27 36 , 100 , 111 , 252 Hodgkin \200\231 s lymphoma 265 homocystinuria 70 hook osteophytes 43 Horton \200\231s headache, see giant c ell arteritis hydroxychloroquine 56 , 58 , 264 hydroxyurea 111 hyperlipidaemias, primary 25 6 hypermobile joints 253 , 257 , 258 hypertension 29 , 57 , 58 , 134 , 231 , 256 , 258 hype rthyroidism 61 , 256 hyperuricaemia 28 \200\2239 hypocalcaemia 7 hypogonadism 44 hypothyroi dism 59 \200\22361 , 256 hypovitaminosis D 7 pars interarticularis stress fracture 182 \200\2235 recurrent 121 risk assessment 85 tibial stress fracture 126 \200\22330 vertebral osteoporotic crush fracture 221 fragility fractures 61 , 84 FRAX \204 85 full blood count (FBC) 75 , 90 , 166 gabapentin 159 Garland \200\231s triad 23 genetic factors ankylosing spondylitis 36 Crohn \200\231s disease 36 \200\2237 familial Mediterranean fever 65 haemochromatosis 42 \200\2233 Marfan \200\231s syndrome 71 osteogenesis imperfecta 122 , 123 Paget \200\231s disease 8 systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 91 genetic screening familial Mediterranean fever 65 haemochromatosis 44 \200\2235 Marfan \200\231s syndrome 71 genital ulcers 225 genitourinary infections 249 geographical clustering 8 giant cell (tempo ral) arteritis (GCA) 9 \200\22314 , 230 ginkgo biloba 237 glomerulonephritis 134 , 135 , 19 4 , 250 gonococcal infection 212 , 250 Goodpasture \200\231s syndrome 134 , 135 gout 26 \200\22330 , 210 granulomatosis with polyangiitis 134 granulomatous angiitis of CNS 154 \200\2235 groin pain 178 group A -haemolytic streptococci 147 , 212 , 250 growth hormone 257 guanethidine 159 Guillain \200\223Barr syndrome 81 ibuprofen 91 , 119 , 244 iloprost 237 immune reconstitution in \202 ammatory syndrome (IRIS) 112 impotence 44 infectious disease 78 , 154 , 166 , 174 , 211 \200\22312 , 248 \200\2239 in \202 ammatory bowel disease (IBD) 36 , 90 , 174 , 224 , 243 in \202 ammatory markers 9 , 48 , 52 , 90 , 117 , 147 , 225 , 230 , 243 in \202 ammatory spondyloarthropathy 100 , 101 \200\2232 in \202 iximab 36 , 98 , 120 , 1 42 , 194 , 226 , 231 , 244 insertional tendinopathies 100 interferon 226 interleukins (IL-1 /IL-6) 91 interstitial lung disease 167 , 264 intravenous immunoglobulin 58 , 170 iritis 19 3 iron-de \201 ciency anemia 174 iron overload 43 \200\2234 irritable hip 246 , 252 ischae mic pain 231 HAART 111 \200\22312 haemochromatosis 38 \200\22345 , 256 haemolysis 60 haemophilic arthrop athy 46 \200\22353 haemosiderin deposition 52 Haglund \200\231s deformity 100 hand numbness/pins and needles 103 , 104 oedema 164 pain 233 stiffness 38 Harris lines 49 Harris on \200\231s groove 268 head shape 6 headache 6 , 9 , 12 , 150 , 154 , 230 hearing loss 6 , 123 , 193 heart valve lesions 81 heel-pad thickening 257 jaw claudication 12 , 230 Jo- 1 167 , 168 joint aspiration 28 , 36 joint hypermobility 253 , 257 , 258 joint in \202 ammation, routine blood tests 166 joint pain 110 , 131 , 140 277 INDEX magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) 151 , 152 , 232 joint replacement surgery 6 juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enthesitis-related 32 extended 117 fractures 83 , 84 ILAR classi \201 cation 118 oligoarti cular 114 \200\22320 systemic-onset 87 \200\22392 ankylosing spondylitis 96 cervical spine 218 chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) 242 CNS vasculitis 150 , 152 eosinophilic fasciitis 200 giant cell arteritis 13 haem ophilic arthropathy 49 , 50 \200\2231 , 52 Marfan \200\231s syndrome 72 , 73 myositis 167 , 170 Paget \200\231s disease 5 reversible cerebral vasoconstrictive syndromes (RCVSs) 154 Kawasaki disease 90 keratitis 193 , 206 keyboard work 104 , 107 knee pain 31 anterior 186 \200\2239 knee swelling 31 , 62 , 114 Koebner \200\231s phenomenon 91 kyphosis 6 , 72 , 93 , 221 , 25 3 sacroiliitis 100 \200\2231 SAPHO syndrome 243 septic arthritis 211 Sj gren \200\231s syndr ome 262 stress fracture 129 Takayasu \200\231s arteritis 232 La antibodies 57 lactate dehydrogenase 90 , 166 le \202 unomide 52 , 120 , 137 , 170 , 194 , 252 leg-length inequalities 6 leg ulcers 202 , 204 \200\2235 leprosy 15 \200\22319 lepto meningeal biopsy 155 lethargy 264 leukemia 48 , 90 lifestyle advice gout 30 osteoporosis 85 Raynaud \200\231s phenomenon 236 malaise 9 , 12 , 20 , 144 , 230 , 264 malignancy 148 , 174 , 192 Marfanoid habitus 70 Marfa n \200\231s syndrome 68 \200\22374 MCP joint swelling and stiffness 38 measles 8 mechanical overuse tendinopathy 100 , 101 medial tibial stress syndrome 128 median nerve entrapment 1 04 median nerve testing 105 MEFV gene 65 MEN-1 syndrome 258 mesentery of small bowel, lymph nodes 172 metabolic diseases 78 , 256 metabolic syndrome 29 , 30 , 256 metastatic disease 174 methotrexate therapy 14 , 36 , 137 , 140 , 142 , limb claudication 12 limb girdle ache 20 limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis 161 \200\2233 livedo reticularis 80 livedo vasculitis 80 liver involvement, haemochromatosis 44 long bon es 6 , 90 , 242 , 243 losartan 30 low molecular weight heparin 56 , 81 lung capillaritis 13 4 lung function tests 170 lung manifestations myositis 166 \200\2237 paraneoplastic arthrit is 148 rheumatoid arthritis 141 sarcoidosis 23 , 24 Sj gren \200\231s syndrome 264 Wegener \200\231s granulomatosis 134 155 , 170 , 194 , 206 , 207 , 231 , 252 chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) 244 HIV-associated psoriasis 111 liver disease 52 oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis 120 osteopathy link 84 systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 91 , 92 methylprednisolone therapy giant cell arteritis 14 in \202 ammatory muscle disease 170 rheumatoid vasculitis 206 syst emic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 91 lupus \202 are 58 lupus nephritis 135 lupus pernio 146 Lyme disease 250 , 252 lymphadenop athy 15 , 172 , 174 lymphoma 22 , 23 , 48 , 174 lymphomatoid granulomatosis 18 lytic lesion s 239 , 242 microbial surface components recognizing adhesive matrix molecules (MSCRAMMS) 211 , 212 microscopic polyangiitis 134 , 135 , 136 migraine 236 mirror therapy 158 \200\2239 mixed cr yoglobulinaemia 49 macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) 91 \200\2232 MAGIC syndrome 194 278 INDEX monoclonal gammopathy 199 morning stiffness 38 , 42 , 43 , 138 mouth ulceration 223 , 224 , 225 , 226 MR angiography 151 , 152 , 232 multiple endocrine neoplasia I (MEN-1) systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 91 numbness 15 , 59 , 103 , 104 occipital nerve block 221 octreotide 258 ocular muscle paresis 193 odontoid peg erosion 218 oedema 164 , 193 , 198 oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic syndrome 258 mumps 249 muscle biopsy 110 , 170 muscle symptoms 60 \200\2231 , 108 , 131 , 164 , 165 , 196 , 198 myalgia 60 , 230 , 259 mycobacterial infections 112 mycophenolate mofetil 120 , 136 , 137 , 155 , arthritis 114 \200\22320 omeprazole 136 ophthalmic artery thrombosis 13 opportunistic infections 112 , 154 , 212 opt ic ischaemic neuropathy 13 optic neuritis 193 oral ulceration 223 , 224 , 225 , 226 osteoar thritis 42 , 43 osteoblastoma 242 osteogenesis imperfecta 121 \200\2235 osteoid osteoma 128 , 242 osteomalacia, idiopathic 170 , 231 pregnancy 56 myeloma 199 myocarditis, rheumatoid 138 \200\22343 myositis 110 , 148 , 166 \200\2237 , 168 myositis-associated antibodies 168 myositis-speci \201 c antibodies 168 , 169 nailfold capillaroscopy 234 naproxen 244 nasal chondritis 193 nasal congestion/discharge 15 , 18 , 131 nasal mucosal biopsy 135 nausea 1 neck, rheumatoid arthritis 215 \200\22322 nec k of femur fracture 59 stress fracture 180 , 181 hypophosphataemic 266-269 osteomyelitis 112 , 239 osteopenia 112 osteoporosis 83 \200\2236 , 112 , 221 overuse injuri es 104 Paget \200\231s disease 1 \200\2238 palmoplantar pustulosis 244 pamidronate 6 , 7 , 123 \200\2234 , 244 paramyxoviruses 8 paraneoplastic rheumatic disease 144 \200\2239 parathyroi d hormone analogs 85 parathyroid-secreting adenoma 258 pars defect 182 \200\2235 parvovirus B 19 22 , 48 , 248 PAS-positive cells 176 patello-femoral pain syndrome (PFPS) 188 \200 \2239 pathergy 225 pectus carinatum 72 pectus excavatum 72 pegvisomant 258 penicillin proph ylaxis 252 pericardial effusions 91 , 167 pericarditis 206 , 250 periodic acid \200\223Schi ff staining 176 periorbital in \202 ammation 15 , 18 peripheral neuropathy 206 peripheral ulcerative keratitis 206 pernicious anemia 265 personality 158 phenytoin 199 phlebotomy 44 phosphodiesterase inhibitors 163 , 237 pilocarpine 264 pinna in \202 ammation 190 pituitar y adenoma 257 plain radiographs necrotizing glomerulonephritis 134 neonatal lupus 56 , 57 neuroblastoma 90 neuroborreliosis 250 neurological manifestations antiphospholipid syndrome 81 Beh et \200\231s disease 225 relapsing polychondritis 194 rhe umatoid vasculitis 206 sarcoidosis 24 Sj gren \200\231s syndrome 262 streptococcal-related arthritis 250 neuropathic pain 159 neuropsychiatric manifestations 265 neurotransmitters 236 NICE guideli nes ankylosing spondylitis therapy 97 \200\2238 rheumatoid arthritis therapy 142 \200\2233 nifedipine 163 , 236 night sweats 9 , 144 , 172 , 230 nitric oxide 236 NSAID therapy acromegaly 258 CMRO/SAPHO 244 fertility 56 gout 29 haemophilic arthropathy 52 juvenile idio pathic arthritis 119 sarcoidosis 24 279 INDEX pyoderma gangrenosum 204 pyrexia 15 , 172 acromegaly 42 , 257 gout 27 , 28 haemochromatosis 43 haemophilic arthropathy 49 , 50 , 52 o steogenesis imperfecta 123 Paget \200\231s disease 4 SAPHO syndrome 243 septic arthritis 21 1 plasma exchange 135 \200\2236 platelet-rich plasma injections 101 pleurisy, acute febrile 66 pneumonia 193 polyarthritis 15 , 18 , 26 , 190 , 193 polymyalgia rheumatica 60 polymyos itis 148 , 170 , 198 Poncet \200\231s disease 22 popcorn epiphyses 123 positive anticentrom ere antibody 162 post-streptococcal reactive arthritis 22 , 249 \200\22350 post-traumatic s tress 158 postural dizziness 231 prazosin 237 pre-eclampsia 58 prednisolone therapy causes in children 90 \200\2231 pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) 90 pyrin 65 QFractureScores 85 radial nerve testing 107 radicular pain 6 raloxifene 85 rash 15 , 18 , 20 , 22 \200\2233 , 29 , 62 , 64 , 75 , 80 , 87 , 108 , 230 , 233 , 239 , 242 , 244 , 246 , 248 , 249 , 250 , 252 , 259 , 264 Raynaud \200\231s phenomenon 228 , 231 , 233 \200\2238 Raynaud \200\231s syndrome 161 , 162 , 163 , 234 reactive arthritis 18 , 22 , 48 , 64 , 111 , 112 , 146 , 224 , 249 , 252 re \202 ex sympathetic dystrophy 158 relapsing polychondritis 190 \200\2235 relative rest 128 renal biopsy 135 renal function tests 166 renal manifestations antiphospholipid syndrome 81 Beh et \200\231s disease 225 relapsing polychondritis 194 eosinophilic fasciitis 200 giant cell arteritis 14 in \202 ammatory muscle disease 170 lup us \202 are in pregnancy 58 relapsing polychondritis 194 systemic-onset juvenile idiopath ic arthritis 91 Takayasu \200\231s arteritis 231 Wegener \200\231s granulomatosis 136 renal vasculitis 136 repetitive activities 104 respiratory syncytial virus 8 respiratory tr act chondritis 193 retinal artery thrombosis 13 retinal detachment 72 retinopathy 193 rever sible cerebral vasoconstrictive syndromes (RCVSs) 154 pregabalin 159 pregnancy antiphospholipid syndrome 82 familial Mediterranean fever 66 HIV 111 Marfan \200\231s syndr ome 72 Sj gren \200\231s syndrome 264 systemic lupus erythematosus 56 \200\2237 rheumatic fever 22 , 64 , 246 , 248 , 249 \200\22350 , 252 rheumatoid arthritis autoimmune thyroid disease 60 cervical spinal surgery 221 \200\2232 differentiating from go ut 28 early presentation 251 eosinophilia 142 \202 are 210 general anesthesia 219 HIV 112 infection response 210 leg ulcers 202 , 204 \200\2235 management guidelines 140 neck 215 \200\22322 NICE guidelines for biological therapy 142 \200\2233 shortness of breath 138 , 1 41 spinal complications 218 , 219 , 221 synovial \202 uid 210 primary angiitis of CNS (PACNS) 154 , 155 primary biliary cirrhosis 265 Prinzmetal \200\231 s angina 236 probenecid 30 prostacyclin 163 prostaglandins 237 prosthetic joint infection 2 12 , 213 proximal muscle weakness hypothyroidism 60 routine blood tests 166 pseudo-arthrosis 96 pseudo-gout 43 , 210 psoriasis 46 , 108 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 244 psoriat ic arthritis 32 , 48 , 52 , 100 , 146 , 251 psychosis 265 pulmonary aneurysm 225 pulmonary hemorrhage 134 , 136 pulmonary hypertension 162 \200\2233 , 231 pulmonary renal syndrome 13 4 pulses, diminished/absent 231 rheumatoid factor 28 , 49 , 204 , 248 , 264 rheumatoid myocarditis 138 \200\22343 rheumatoi d vasculitis 202 \200\2237 risedronate 6 , 124 rituximab 142 , 194 Ro antibodies 57 , 168 280 INDEX Romanus lesions 101 rubella 249 running 99 , 100 , 126 , 128 , 130 , 178 , 186 ankylosing spondylitis 96 , 97 hand symptoms 104 Paget \200\231s disease 6 pars defect 182 \200\2235 rheumatoid arthritis 218 , 219 , 221 Romanus lesions 101 SAPHO syndrome 243 surge ry 97 , 221 \200\2232 saber tibia 6 sacroiliitis 36 , 100 \200\2231 saddle-nose deformity 193 salivary gland biop sy 262 , 263 salivary gland enlargement 110 salivary substitutes 264 SAPHO syndrome 239 \200\22345 Sapporo criteria 80 sarcoid dactylitis 146 sarcoidosis 18 , 20 \200\2235 , 64 , 112 , 224 scalp tenderness 12 , 230 Schirmer \200\231s test 262 sclera, blue 123 scleredema 198 \200\2239 scleredema adultorum 198 \200\2239 scleredema diabeticorum 199 scleritis 190 , 193 , 206 scleroderma 60 , 162 , 198 sclerotherapy 101 scoliosis 72 , 121 secondary haem ophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 92 spondyloarthropathies 100 , 101 \200\2232 , 224 , 242 spondyloarthritis 32 , 36 , 37 , 146 sports participation, Marfan \200\231s syndrome 72 sports-related injuries 99 \200\223102 , 126 \200\22330 , 178 \200\22381 , 182 \200\2235 , 186 \200\2239 Staphylococcus aureus 147 , 211 \200\22312 statins 14 , 30 steroid therapy Beh et \200\231s disease 226 chronic multifocal recurrent osteomyelitis (CMRO) 244 CNS vasculitis 155 enteropathic arthritis 36 eosinophilic fasciitis 200 fracture risk 84 giant cell arteritis 13 \200\22314 gout 29 haemophilic arthropathy 52 HIV 111 in \202 ammatory muscle disease 170 lupus \202 are in pregnancy 58 macrophage activation syn drome 92 reactive arthritis 252 relapsing polychondritis 194 rheumatoid arthritis 140 rheum atoid vasculitis 206 SAPHO 244 sarcoidosis 24 septic arthritis 213 systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 91 Takayasu \200\231s arteritis 231 uveitis 120 seizures 231 selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors 159 , 163 septic arthritis 64 , 112 , 208 \200\22314 sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1) 8 shell teeth 123 shin pain 126 , 128 shortness of breath 138 , 141 shoulder pain/stiffness 59 sickle cell disease dactylitis 146 sildena \201 l 163 , 237 Sillence classi \201 cation 122 simvastatin 199 Sj gren \200\231s syndro me 60 , 259 \200\22365 skin biopsy 15 , 18 , 198 , 200 skin manifestations; see also rash stiff neck collars 221 strabismus 72 streptococcal-related arthritis 22 , 249 \200\22350 St reptococcus pneumoniae 212 stress fracture acromegaly 253 , 257 familial Mediterranean fever 65 relapsing polychondritis 193 \200\2234 rheumatoid vasculitis 206 SAPHO syndrome 244 sarcoidosis 23 \200\2234 scleredema 198 Sj g ren \200\231s syndrome 264 skin tethering 196 , 198 \200\2239 slate-gray pigmentation 44 SL E Disease Activity Index 56 sleep disturbance 108 , 158 slit-lamp examination 114 , 117 , 2 25 small bowel mesentery, lymph nodes 172 smoking 162 snoring 253 , 257 sore throat 20 , 22 spine neck of femur 180 , 181 pars interarticularis 182 \200\2235 tibial 126 \200\22330 stroke 81 , 152 , 154 , 231 strontium ranelate 85 sulfasalazine 36 , 190 , 215 , 252 sul \201 npyrazone 29 \200\22330 super \201 cial thrombophlebitis 225 , 226 \200\2237 surgical debridement 238 Sweet \200\231s syndrome 18 swollen joints adults 1 , 62 , 208 , 246 children 114 , 116 sympathectomy 238 synovial biopsy 49 acromegaly 257 281 INDEX trigger points 158 tuberculosis 18 , 22 \200\2233 tuberculous dactylitis 146 tumor necrosis factor 91 synovial \202 uid, rheumatoid arthritis 210 synovitis 15 , 48 , 52 , 83 , 116 , 117 , 140 , 164 , 218 syphilitic dactylitis 146 systemic lupus erythematosus 18 , 54 \200\2238 , 60 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 90 , 112 , 134 , 135 , 251 ulcerative colitis 36 ulcerative keratitis 193 , 206 ulnar nerve testing 106 ultrasound systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis 87 \200\22392 systemic sclerosis 236 eosinophilic fasciitis 200 giant cell arteritis 14 haemophilic arthropathy 49 septic arthri tis 211 Takayasu \200\231s arteritis 232 tendinopathy 101 tachycardia 15 tacrolimus 58 Takayasu \200\231s arteritis (TakA) 228 \200\22332 tall statur e 70 tear substitutes 263 teeth 123 , 259 , 264 Tel Hashomer criteria 65 temporal (giant ce ll) arteritis 9 \200\22314 , 230 temporal artery biopsy 12 \200\22313 tendinopathy, Achille s 99 \200\223102 tendinous xanthomas 256 teriparatide 85 thalidomide 226 , 227 throat soren ess 20 , 22 thrombocytopenia 80 \200\2231 thrombocytopenia of the newborn 264 thrombophlebi tis 225 , 226 \200\2237 thrombosis 81 , 224 thunderclap headache 154 thyroid acropachy 256 thyroid cartilage tenderness 193 thyroid disease, autoimmune 60 \200\2231 , 265 thyroxine t herapy 61 tibial fracture 83 unfractionated heparin 81 upper-limb neural mobilization tests 104 , 105 \200\2237 urate cr ystals 28 urate oxidase therapy 30 uveitis 118 , 119 \200\223 20 vaginal dryness 264 valvular lesions 81 varicella zoster virus cerebral angiitis 154 vascul itic ulcers 204 vasculitis 18 CNS 150 \200\2236 HIV 112 rheumatoid 202 \200\2237 venepuncture 44 venous thromboembolism 56 , 81 venous ulcers 204 vertebral collapse 6 vesti bular derangements 193 viral arthritis 22 , 48 , 246 \200\22352 viral infections 8 , 166 vi sual loss 6 , 13 vitamin D levels 7, 32, 130, 268 \200\2239 vitamin D supplementation 7 , 1 4 , 85 voice changes 6 vomiting 1 stress fracture 126 \200\22330 tingling 1 tocilizumab 92 tongue giant cell arthritis 12 scleredema 198 tonsillitis 62 , 64 , 65 , 246 , 248 toothache 6 topical nitrates 163 , 237 total body scin tigraphy 66 toxic oil syndrome 200 toxoplasmosis 110 tracheal tenderness 193 tracheostomy 1 93 tramadol 159 transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation Wade \200\223Fite staining 18 , 19 warfarin 81 , 82 Wegener \200\231s granulomatosis 18 , 1 31 \200\2237 weight gain 253 , 256 weight loss 9 , 12 , 87 , 172 , 202 , 230 , 242 wheezing 193 whiplash 104 Whipple \200\231s disease 172 \200\2237 work-related upper-limb disorders 104 , 107 wormian bones 123 wrist pain/swelling 46 , 87 , 103 , 208 (TENS) 159 transferrin 42 transforming growth factor- 71 transient focal neurological events 150 tr ansient ischaemic attacks 81 , 154 trauma 158 , 199 triamcinolone hexacetonide 119 tricycli c antidepressants 159 zidovudine-induced myopathy 112 zoledronate 6 \200\223 7 , 124