What are the recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis in dental procedures?
The American Heart Association recommends antibiotic prophylaxis for certain dental procedures in those with certain cardiac risk factors and/or pre-existing valvular heart disease. This recommendation is based on studies which have demonstrated that certain dental procedures have the potential to cause bacteremia, which may lead to infective endocarditis in those at risk. The American Heart Association recommends that those at risk for infective endocarditis should receive antibiotic prophylaxis prior to all dental procedures involving manipulation of gingival tissue or the periapical region of teeth, or perforation of the oral mucosa. In addition, antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for dental procedures that involve placement of a prosthetic device or implantation of prosthetic material into the oral tissues. Furthermore, the American Heart Association recommends that the antibiotic choice, dose, and duration be individualized based on patient risk factors. 