What have recent primary studies found about lifestyle interventions to reduce cardiovascular events?
Recent primary studies have found that lifestyle interventions to reduce cardiovascular events have achieved some success in improving lifestyle habits and vascular risk factors in the short term, but it has proved more challenging to maintain such changes and reduce cardiovascu-lar events. For example, the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled dietary modification trial reduced total fat intake and increased intakes of vegetables, fruits, and grains but did not significantly reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, or cardiovascular death in postmenopausal women.