What are the long-term effects of metformin on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?
The long-term effects of metformin on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are not fully understood. However, according to the study by Kooy et al. (2009), metformin has been found to improve metabolism and reduce the risk of microvascular and macrovascular disease in these patients. Additionally, it was found to reduce cardiovascular events, such as heart attack or stroke, and improve glycemic control. Furthermore, metformin was also found to reduce all-cause mortality, suggesting it has a beneficial effect on overall health.  