What are the benefits of metformin in heart failure?
Metformin has been shown to improve left ventricular function and survival in heart failure patients, as well as prevent the progression of chronic heart failure in animal models. It has also been shown to attenuate cardiac fibrosis by inhibiting the TGFbeta1-Smad3 signalling pathway. Additionally, metformin has been shown to improve cardiac functions by enhancing cardiac autophagy in diabetic OVE26 mice. 