What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for heart failure in people with heart failure who also have chronic kidney disease?
People with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) are at increased risk of adverse effects from heart failure medications, such as hyperkalaemia and hypotension. As such, there is a need to evaluate the clinical and cost effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for HF in people with CKD to ensure that they receive appropriate treatment. This review will assess the efficacy and safety of various pharmacological interventions for HF in people with CKD, including those with an eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2 and those not on dialysis. It will also assess the cost effectiveness of the interventions and the impact of CKD on HF outcomes. The results of this review will help inform the treatment and management of HF in people with CKD and enable clinicians to make evidence-based decisions. 