what are the Recommendations for IE Prophylaxis
Referenced studies that support the recommendations are
summarized in Online Data Supplement 1.?
Antibiotic prophylaxis is reasonable before dental procedures that involve manipulation of gingival tissue, manipulation of the periapical region of teeth, or perforation of the oral mucosa in patients with VHD who have any of the following1?9: a. Prosthetic cardiac valves, including transcatheter-implanted prostheses and homografts. b. Prosthetic material used for cardiac valve repair, such as annuloplasty rings, chords, or clips. c. Previous IE. d. Unrepaired cyanotic congenital heart disease or repaired congenital heart disease, with residual shunts or valvular regurgitation at the site of or adjacent to the site of a prosthetic patch or prosthetic device. e. Cardiac transplant with valve regurgitation attributable to a structurally abnormal valve.