What is the recommendation for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), including those with paroxysmal AF?
The recommendation is to offer stroke prevention to those AF patients with one or more non-sex CHA2DS2-VASc stroke risk factors (score of 1 in a male or 2 in a female) (Strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). Consideration of other less established clinical stroke risk factors, imaging (cardiac or cerebral), or biomarkers (urine, blood, or genetics) may refine risk stratification based on simple clinical factors.