What is the effect of smoking on the risk of stroke?
Several studies have found that cigarette smoking is a risk factor for stroke. The Framingham Study found that smokers had a twofold higher risk of stroke compared to non-smokers, and the South London Stroke Register found that smoking cessation within the first three years after stroke was associated with a reduced risk of recurrence. Additionally, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC) –Norfolk study found that smoking was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality following stroke.