What are the indications for anticoagulation and APT in patients with both carotid stenosis and AF?
Patients with both carotid stenosis and AF may benefit from anticoagulation and APT, however this combination is generally not recommended due to the high bleeding risk associated with it. Randomized trials show superiority for carotid endarterectomy over stenting in patients with symptomatic stenosis (> 50%) of the internal carotid which could reduce the need for combination therapy with OAC and antiplatelet drugs in those with AF.