What strategies might be considered to reduce the risk of perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction?
Mechanical preconditioning, remote ischemic preconditioning strategies using peripheral-extremity occlusion/reperfusion and postconditioning strategies may be considered to reduce the risk of perioperative myocardial ischemia and infarction. These strategies are supported by Level B evidence. Prophylactic pharmacological therapies or controlled reperfusion strategies aimed at inducing preconditioning or attenuating the adverse consequences of myocardial reperfusion injury or surgically induced systemic inflammation, however, are uncertain and are supported by Level A evidence.