What are the effects of sodium and potassium on stroke risk?
The effects of sodium and potassium on stroke risk are likely mediated through direct effects on BP and effects independent of BP. In clinical trials, particularly dose-response studies, the relationship between sodium intake and BP is direct and progressive, without an apparent threshold. Blacks, hypertensives, and middle-aged and older adults are especially sensitive to the BP-lowering effects of a reduced sodium intake. In other trials, an increased intake of potassium was shown to lower BP and to blunt the pressor effects of sodium intake. Diets rich in fruits and vegetables, including those based on the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, lower BP.