cholangiopancreatogra- phy 308 biliary 322 pancreatic 322 thyroglossal 606 \200\2237 vesicovaginal 530 \200\2231 endoscopic ultrasound 172 308 hemorrhoids 228 \200\22333 endoscopy, upper gastroin- haemorrhoidectomy 230 injection sclerotherapy testinal 142 \200\2233 fistula-in-ano 234 \200\2237 flank incision 87 \200\2238 flaps 782, 783 epigastric hernia 376, 622 excision biopsy of breast 228, 229 perianal haematoma 232 rubber band ligation lump 168 exomphalos 584 external carotid artery ligation 670 \200\2231 extra-anatomic bypas s advancement 784, 785 blood content 782 fasciocutaneous 782 free 788 \200\2239 Limberg 784, 787 muscle 782 rotation 784, 785 228 \200\22330 stapling 366 thrombosed/strangulated 232 432 \200\2238 hand-held retractors axillobifemoral graft 432, 101 \200\2232 433 INDEX 860 Hartmann \200\231s procedure hydrocele 496, 628 \200\2239 hypertension 3 intercostal drain insertion 300 \200\2231 824 Hayes bowel clamps postoperative 19 hypertrophic scars 768 hypospadias 536 \200\2237 hypotension 18 hypoxaemia 12 \200\22315 hypoxia 18 intercostal space 55, 57 intestinal atresia 578 \200\22381 intraoperative 107 head and neck surgery 639 \200\22389 complications 8 \200\22316 anesthetic factors 8 \200\2239 cardiovascular problems access incisions to facial skeleton 686 \200\2239 adenoidectomy 682 \200\2233 branchial cys t excision 8 \200\22311 patient factors 8 surgical factors 8 I ileocystoplasty 520 \200\2231 ileostomy 254 \200\22360, 292 \200\2233 714 intubation branchial fistula excision complications 27 indications for 27 see also individual techniques 674, 675 Caldwell-Luc procedure 684, 687 end 254 \200\2236 laparoscopic loop external carotid artery ligation 670 \200\2231 intussusception 614 \200\22315 islet cell transplantation 256 \200\22390 neck dissection 666, 667 neck lump dissection loop 256, 258 \200\223259, 338 and proctocolectomy 847 islet cell tumor, 664 \200\2235 292 \200\2233 enucleation 315 parathyroidectomy immunophilin binders 652 \200\2235 838 parotidectomy 659, 661 pharyngeal pouch excision J jejunolileal atresia 578 \200\22381 Jolles retractor 104 immunosuppression 838 \200\22340 676 \200\2237 incisional hernia 378 infection, risk factors 41 inferior vena cava 78 infragenicular prost hetic sublingual gland excision 658 \200\22363 submandibular gland excision 653, 655, 656 \200\2237 K keloids 768 kidney, surgical approach grafts 442 infrainguinal bypass thyroglossal cyst excision 440 \200\2235 644 femoropopliteal bypass grafting 440 \200\2231 486 \200\223527 thyroidectomy 646 \200\2239 tonsillectomy 678 \200\22380 tracheostomy 640 \200\2234 kidney transplantation incisions 440 indications 440 infragenicular prosthetic 842 \200\2235 cadaveric organ retrieval hemicolectomy left 274 \200\2239 right 269, 270 \200\2233 hepatobiliary surgery 843 grafts 442 position 440 preoperative preparation graft and patient survival 845 indications 842 living donor 842 organ retrieval 842, 843 rejection and function 305 \200\22322 440 chronic pancreatitis 166 investigational procedures in situ vein graft 441, 443 308 \200\2239 infrainguinal embolectomy 844 \200\2235 pancreatic mobilization 427 surgical complications 310 inguinal canal 60, 61 inguinal hernia 328 \200\22330, 844 pancreatic necrosis knot tying 124 \200\22334 Kocher \200\231s incision 139 316 \200\22317 pseudocyst 318 368 \200\22371 Bassini repair 369, 371 direct 368 indirect 368 laparoscopic repair hernia 367 \200\22378 L laboratory investigations 5 Lancy vascular instruments congenital diaphragmatic 594 \200\2235 epigastric 376, 622 hiatus 194 \200\2235, 209, 211 incisional 378 inguinal 328 \200\22330, 368 \200\22371 umbilical 374, 624 328 \200\22330 Lichenstein mesh repair 109 368, 369 Shouldice repair 369, 371 inguinal herniotomy Lanz incision 140 laparoscopic abdominal rectopexy 240 \200\2232 laparoscopic equipment hiatus hernia, para-oesophageal repair 194 \200\2235, 209, 211 626 \200\2237 116 inguinal orchidopexy 5mm instruments 118 10mm claw grasper 119 appendicectomy 120 camera 116 Hirschsprung \200\231s disease 588, 492 \200\2233 589 inguinal orchiectomy HIV/AIDS, precautions 44 horizontal gastroplasty 201 510 in situ vein graft 441, 443 INDEX 861 cholecystectomy 121 ENDOLOOP ligature 21 endopath 117 heater probe 119 insulator 117 laparo scope 116 laser instruments 118 monitor 116 scissors 118 trochar 117 surgical complications N nasopharyngeal airway 850 lobectomy 712 \200\22322 left lower 722 right lower 718 right middle 716 right upper 714 \200\22315 loop gastro-jejunostomy insertion 24 nausea and vomiting 18 neck dissection 666, 667 equipment required 666 204 incisions 667 indications 666 postoperative lower limb trauma 794, laparoscopic surgery 324 \200\223 797 lung 52 \200\2234 49 complications 668 appendicectomy 120, 250, transplantation 854 wedge biopsy 758 lymphangioma 608 procedure 667, 669 neck lump dissection 251, 342 \200\2234 cholecystectomy 336 \200\22340 cryptorchidism 564 hepatobiliary disease 664 \200\2235 necrotising enterocolitis 590 \200\2231 M magnetic resonance cholan- gio-pancreatography 308 \200\2239 309 needle cricothyroidotomy inguinal hernia repair 816 \200\22317 328 \200\22330 needle holders 94 \200\2235 needle thoracocentesis Nissen fundoplication 332 \200\2234 822 Mainz pouch 526, 527 malignant hyperthermia pyeloplasty 560 radical nephrectomy 558 retropubic radical neonatal surgery 568 \200\2239 nephrectomy 490 15 \200\22316 partial 502 radical 500 \200\2231, 558 nephroureterectomy malrotation 620 \200\2231 Mammotome 150 mastectomy 154 \200\2235 prostatectomy 562 splenectomy 199, 326 \200\2237 staging for abdominal 500 \200\2231, closure 155 complications 155 incision 154 incisions 155 indications 154 position 154 posto perative care 155 preoperative preparation malignancies 324 \200\2235 Nissen fundoplication urological 556 \200\2237 weight reduction 346 \200\2239 332 \200\2234 complications 334 difficulties 333 indications 332 position 332 postoperative care laparoscopic ultrasonography 325 laparotomy, trauma surgery 830 large bowel 69 \200\22370, 71 obstruction 302 \200\2233 333 154 preparation 332 technique 332 procedure 154 skin sparing 155 laryngeal mask airway 25, 26 Meckel \200\231s diverticulum laryngospasm 12 \200\22315 left hemicolectomy 274 \200\2239 anastomosis 277, 279 O obesity surgery see weight reduction surgery obturator bypass 438 oesophageal anastomosis 252 \200\2233, 616 meconium ileus 586 medial sternotomy left intrapericardial 710 \200\2231 pneumonectomy 732 left lower lobectomy 722 left thoracic subtotal oesophagectomy 208 \200 \2239 mediastinal mass, excision 740 \200\2231 mediastinotomy anterior 700 \200\2231 cervical 698 \200\2239 220 \200\2231 stapled 220, 221, 222 sutured 220 left upper lobectomy melanoma 799 metal clips 353 microdochectomy 170 microsurgery 788 \200\2239 Miller cuff 442 , 444 minimally invasive thoraco- oesophageal replacement colonic interposition 720 \200\2231 linear cutter 353 linear stapler 353 Lisfranc forefoot 218 \200\22319 gastric interposition 216 \200\22317 amputation 462 oesophageal rupture liver 78 \200\22381 liver transplantation 848, scopic splanchnicectomy 166 190 oesophageal varices, stapling 358 oesophagectomy 848 Mitroffanoff appendicovesi- graft and patient survival costomy 522 \200\2233 monoclonal antibodies 850 abdominal and right thoracic subtotal 212 \200\22313 organ retrieval 849 rejection and function 852 myocardial infarction 3 myocardial ischaemia 12 850 complications 224 split liver 850 INDEX 862 oesophagectomy oesphageal atresia consent 662 equipment required 663 extracapsular dissection (contd) left thoracic subtotal 208 \200\2239 576 \200\2237 orchidopexy 630 \200\2231 preauricular skin tag and 663 incision 660 indications 662 position 660 postoperative care 662 procedure 660 total co nservative 663 total radical 663 preoperative preparation sinus 602 206 prepuceplasty 636 \200\2237 pyloric stenosis 612 \200\22313 ranula 600, 601 release of tong ue tie 598 retraction of foreskin 634 sacrococcygeal teratoma three-stage 214 transhiatal 210 \200\22311 oesophagojejunostomy 356 \200\2237 esophagus 64 \200\2235 oesphageal atresia 592 \200\2233 partial penectomy 512 \200\22313 patch angioplasty 384 pectus carinatum repair 576 \200\2237 spinal bifida 596 thyroglossal cyst and fistula 606 \200\2237 torsion of testis or appendix 638 umbilical hernia 624 vascular access 574 \200\2235 omphalocele 584 open (Heller \200\231s) 746 cardiomyotomy 196 \200\2237, 213, 219 open lung wedge biopsy pectus excavatum repair 744 peptic ulcer 736 bleeding 186 \200\2237 perforated 188 \200\2239 open parietal pleurec- pancreas 84 \200\2235, 184 tomy/bullectomy 734 transplantation 846 \200\2237 percutaneous surgery of upper urinary tract 548 \200\22350 orchidopexy 630 \200\2231 organ donors 834 oropharyngeal airway insertion 23, 25 orotrachea l intubation pancreatectomy with splenectomy 314 splenic preserving 314 total 314 peripheral vascular cannula- tion 19, 20 pancreatic complications peripheral vascular surgery 26, 27 322 379 \200\223473 O \200\231Shaughnessy vascular instruments 109 pancreatic ducts 84 pancreatic fistula 322 pancreatic mobilization 310 pancreatic necrosis 316 \200\22317 amputations 460 \200\2236 aneurysm repair see aneurysm aortoiliac occlusive disease 428 \200\22330 arterial anastomosis P pediatric surgery 567 \200\223637 acute appendicitis 618 anatomy of child 570 branchial c yst/sinus anterior laparoscopic approach 316 \200\22317 lateral retroperitoneal approach 316 380 \200\2235 carotid body tumor, excision 404 \200\2235 carotid endarterectomy open anterior approach 316 604 \200\2235 percutaneous necrosec- 400 \200\2233 circumcision 632 \200\2233 congenital diaphragmatic tomy 317 embolectomy 422 endarterectomy 398 \200\2239 exposure of major blood pancreatico-duodenectomy hernia 594 \200\2235 312, 313, 315 dermoid cysts 610, 611 epigastric hernia 622 exomphalos 584 fluid and electrolyte pylorus preserving 312 pancreatic tumors 312 \200\22315 pancreatitis, chronic 166 Beger pro cedure 166 Frey procedure 166 minimally invasive thoracoscopic splanchnicectomy 166 vessels 386 \200\22395 extra-anatomic bypass 432 \200\2238 fasciotomy 454 infrainguinal bypass management 572 \200\2233 gastroschisis 582 \200\2233 Hirschsprung \200\231s disease 440 \200\2235 popliteal artery entrap- 588, 589 hydrocele 628 \200\2239 inguinal herniotomy ment syndrome 446 parachute technique profundaplasty 396 \200\2237, 384 \200\2235 397 626 \200\2237 para-oesophageal hiatus hernia repair 194 \200\2235, 209, 211 pseudoaneurysm 452 \200\2233 sympathectomy 408 \200\2239 varicose veins 468 \200\22373 peri toneal lavage 826, 831 peroneal artery, exposure intestinal atresia 578 \200\22381 lymphangioma/cystic hygroma of neck 608 malrotation and volvulus paraphimosis, reduction 482 \200\2233 620 \200\2231 parathyroidectomy 180 \200\2231, 395 Meckel \200\231s diverticulum 652 \200\2235 Peyronie \200\231s disease 546 Pfannenstiel incision 140 pharyngeal pouch excision 616 parathyroid glands 50 parotidectomy 658 \200\22361 meconium ileus 586 necrotising enterocolitis anatomy 662 closure 662 complications 662 676 \200\2237 590 \200\2231 pilonidal sinus 238 \200\2239 plastic surgery 759 \200\223811 neonates 568 \200\2239 INDEX 863 abnormal wound healing prosthetic access grafts preoperative medication 766 458 6 \200\2237 anatomy of integument respiratory complications prepuceplasty 636 \200\2237 pressure sores 800 \200\2231 priapism, shunt procedures 762 \200\2233 12 \200\22315 breast see breast reconstruction burns 777, 806 \200\22311 flaps 782, 783, 784 \200\2237, 8 01 free flaps and micro- surgery 788 \200\2239 full thickness skin graft respiratory system 52 \200\2237 bronchi 52, 53 intercostal space 55 lungs 52 \200\2234 ribs 55 thoracic cage 55 trachea 52, 53 retropubic radical 484 \200\2235 cavernosasaphenosus shunt 484 cavernosospongiosum shunt 484 complications 485 El-Ghorab 484, 485 Winter 484 proctocolectomy 785, 780 keloids and hypertrophic prostatectomy 562 rib resection for empyema scars 768 lower limb trauma 794, 748 ribs 55 right hemicolectomy and ileostomy 292 \200\2233 restorative 298 \200\2239 797 management plan 790 \200\2231 neoplasia 798 \200\223801 normal wound healing proctoscopy 144 proctoscopy/sigmoidoscopy 269, 270 \200\2233 anastomosis 273 right intrapericardial set 113 764 \200\2235 profunda femoris artery, primary and secondary intention 772 reconstructive ladder pneumonectomy 730 right lower lobectomy 718 right middle lobectomy exposure 392 profundaplasty 396 \200\2237 prostate 88, 89 prosthetic access grafts 770, 775 716 skin grafts 774, 777 split thickness skin grafts right upper lobecotomy 458 714 \200\22315 pseudoaneurysm 452 \200\2233 femoral anastomotic aneurysm 452 775, 776 technique 792 \200\2233 ringed Bulldog vascular instruments 110 rooftop incision 139 Roux-en-Y reconstruction pleura 52 \200\2234 pleurectomy 756 pneumonectomy 724 iatrogenic 452 pseudocyst 160 \200\2235, 318 pulmonary artery cannula- 204 left 728 \200\2239 left intrapericardial 732 right 726 right intrapericardial laparoscopic 346 Roux loop 356 \200\2237 Rutherford-Morrison incision 139 tion 22, 23, 24 pulmonary nodule, open excision 738 pyeloplasty 534 \200\2235 laparoscopic 560 730 pneumothorax 12 \200\22315 polyclonal antibodies 848 Poole suckers 111 popliteal artery pyloric stenosis 612 \200\22313 intussusception 614 \200\2235 S sacrococcygeal teratoma R radial artery, exposure 388 radical cystectomy 504 \200\2236 radical retropubic 592 \200\2233 aneurysm 450, 451 entrapment syndrome Satinsky vascular instruments 109 scalpel handles 94, 95 scissors 96 \200\2237 Scopinaro technique 346, 446 exposure 387, 392 \200\223394 popliteal embolectomy prostatectomy 508 \200\2239 426 ranula 600, 601 reconstructive ladder 770, 349 porta hepatis 78 posterior tibial artery, exposure 394, 395 posterolateral thoracotomy scrup-up technique 137 self-retaining retractors 775 rectal prolapse 240 \200\2233 Delorme \200\231s procedure 103 Balfour set 105 Golliger set 106 Jolles 104 Travers 103 Turner Warwick set 706 \200\2237 postoperative 149, 240 laparoscopic abdominal rectopexy 240 \200\2232, 243 complications 18 preauricular skin tag and sinus 602 pregnancy 4 preoperative evaluation stapling 366 rectum 74 \200\2235 106 West 105 abdomino-perineal resection 294 \200\2236 renovascular access surgery sentinel lymph node biopsy 2 \200\2235 156 cardiovascular system 2 haemopoetic system 4 hepatic system 4 renal system 3 respiratory sy stem 2 sentinel node 799 shaving 137 sigmoid colectomy 282 \200\2233 sigmoidoscopy 145 456 \200\2238 brachioaxillary PTFE graft 458 INDEX 864 skew flap amputation 464, medial sternotomy suprapubic catheter placement 480 \200\2231 465 710 \200\22311 open excision of skin grafts 774, 777 supraventricular full thickness 780, 785 split thickness 776, 777 pulmonary nodule 738 arrhythmias 11 surgical cricothyroidotomy skin preparation 137 skin staplers 353 sleeve gastrectomy with duodenal switch 346, 349 open lung wedge biopsy 820 736 surgical drains 135 \200\2236 open parietal pleurec- complications 135 \200\2236 types 135 tomy/bullectomy 734 pectus carinatum repair surgical wounds 41 suture materials 122 \200\2233 small intestine 68 \200\2239 social history 4 sore throat 19 spinal bifida 596 splenectomy 746 pectus excavatum repair absorbable sutures 122 needle types 123 non-absorbable sutures 744 pneumonectomy 724 posterolateral 122 \200\2233 laparoscopic 199, 326 \200\2237 open 198 \200\2239, 221 squamous cell cancer thoracotomy 706 \200\2237 plastic surgery 792, 793 rib resection for empyema 748 right intrapericardial Symes amputation 462 sympathectomy 408 \200\2239 798 axillary transthoracic 410 lumbar 412, 413 open supraclavicular stapling 351 \200\22366 pneumonectomy 730 anterior resection 354 \200\2235 bleeding oesophageal right lower lobectomy 718 approach 410, 411 varices 358 right middle lobectomy phenol block 412 surgical 414 thoracic 408 bowel resection and end-to-end anastomosis 364 circular stapler 352 duodenal transection 716 right pneumonectomy 726 right upper lobecotomy 714 \200\22315 T Taylor patch 442, 444 testicular torsion 638 theater rigid bronchoscopy 360 694 \200\2235 gastroenterostomy 362 linear cutter 353 linear stapler 353 metal clips 353 oesophagojejunos tomy thoracic neurogenic tumors 742 VAT lung wedge biopsy clothing 30 \200\2231 design and ventilation 30 discipline 30 patient care in 32 758 VAT parietal pleurectomy and bullectomy 756 video assisted thoracic 356 \200\2237 rectal prolapse and thoracic cage 55 thoracic neurogenic tumors 742 hemorrhoids 366 surgery 754 skin staplers 353 thoracoabdominal incision stomach 66 \200\2237 stress urinary incontinence 88, 139 thoracotomy thoracic surgery 691 \200\223758 airway stents 752 anterior mediastinotomy 542 \200\2234 anterolateral 708 \200\2239 posterolateral 706 \200\2237 three-stage oesophagec- Burch procedure 543 sling procedure 544 Studer ileal neobladder 700 \200\2231 anterolateral thoracotomy tomy 214 708 \200\2239 528 \200\2239 through knee amputations bronchoscopy 692 \200\2233 cervical mediastinoscopy subclavian artery, exposure 464 386 thyroglossal cyst 606 \200\2237 698 \200\2239 sublingual gland excision excision 644 chest drain insertion 702 \200\2234 decortication for empyema 750 excision of mediastinal 657, 658 \200\22363 submandibular gland thyroglossal fistula 606 \200\2237 thyroidectomy 646 \200\2239 complications 648 postoperat ive care 648 sub-total 178, 179 total 648 excision 653, 655, 656 \200\2237 mass 740 \200\2231 anatomy 656 complications 657 equipment 656 indications for removal flexible bronchoscopy 696 \200\2237 thyroid gland 48, 49 left intrapericardial fine needle aspiration cytology 174 lobectomy 176 \200\2239 pneumonectomy 732 656 \200\22397 position 656 postoperative care 657 procedure 656 left lower lobectomy tissue dissecting forceps 98, 722 99 left pneumonectomy subphrenic spaces 80 suckers 111 Poole 111 tissue holding forceps 98, 728 \200\2239 99 lobectomy 712 \200\22313 tongue tie 598 INDEX 865 tonsillectomy 678 \200\22380 total colectomy 284 \200\2235 trachea 52, 53 tracheostomy 640 \200\2234 complications 642 equipment required 640 incision 640, 641 indications 640 positi on 640 postoperative care 642 procedure 642 removal of tube 642 trauma surgery 828, 831 partial nephrectomy 502 partial penectomy umbilical hernia adult 374 in children 624 512 \200\22313 percutaneous surgery of upper urinary tract 548 \200\22350 upper gastrointestinal gastroscopy 142 \200\2233 checklist 142 insertion technique 142 inspection 142 \200\2233 upper gastrointestinal surge ry 185 \200\223224 bleeding peptic ulcer disease 186 \200\2237 Peyronie \200\231s disease 546 pyeloplasty 534 \200\2235 radical cystectomy 504 \200\2236 radical nephrectomy 500 \200\2231 transhiatal oesophagectomy radical retropubic 210 \200\22311 transmetatarsal gastro-oesophageal reflux disease 192, 195 oesophageal anastomosis prostatectomy 508 \200\2239 reduction of paraphimosis amputations 460 transplantation 833 \200\22355 482 \200\2233 220 \200\2231 shunt procedures for priapism 484 \200\2235 stress urinary inconti- nence 542 \200\2234 sup rapubic catheter placement 480 \200\2231 surgical anatomy 486 transurethral litholapaxy cardiac 852 immunosuppression oesophageal rupture 190 oesophagectomy see oesophagectomy open (Heller \200\231s) cardio- 838 \200\22340 kidney 842 \200\2235 liver 848 lung 854 organ donors 834 organ recipient myotomy 196 \200\2237, 213, 219 para-oesophageal hiatus hernia repair 194 \200\2235, 209, 211 518 preparation 836 transurethral resection of bladder tumor 516 \200\223 17 pancreas 846 \200\2237 radical surgery for gastric cancer 202 \200\223205, 222 splenectomy 198 \200\2239, 221, transurethral litholapaxy 518 transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) 514 \200\22315 transurethral resection of bladder tumor 516 \200\22317 326 \200\2237 weight reduction surgery 200 \200\2231, 221, 222 ureteroneocystostomy transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) 514 \200\22315 ureteroneocystostomy 532 \200\2233 532 \200\2233 ureterorenoscopic procedures 554 urethroplasty 538 \200\22340 urinary tract reconstruc- tio n after cystectomy 524 \200\2239 vasectomy 498 vesicovaginal fistula 530 \200\2231 ureterorenoscopic procedures 554 transverse colectomy 280 \200\2231 ureters 86 \200\2237 trauma surgery 813 \200\22331 surgical approache breathing problems 814 circulatory procedures 486 \200\223527 urethroplasty 538 \200\22340 urinary tract 86 \200\2239 814 diagnostic peritoneal reconstruction 524 \200\2239 lavage 826 urology 475 \200\223566 V valvular heart disease 3 varicose veins 468 \200\22373 intercostal drain insertion acute scrotum 478 \200\2239 circumcision 494 \200\2235 extracorporeal shock- 824 needle cricothyroidotomy 816 \200\2237 wave lithotripsy 552 Cockett \200\231s procedure needle thoracocentesis Fournier \200\231s necrotising 472 822 fasciitis 476 hydrocele 496 hypospadias and chordee Dodds procedure 472 endovenous vein closure surgical airway proce- dures 814 surgical cricothyroi- dotomy 820 Travers self-retaining retractors 103 473 536 \200\2237 multiple stab phlebectomy ileocystoplasty 520 \200\2231 inguinal orchidopexy 471 perforator surgery 472 preoperative preparation 492 \200\2233 tube thoracostomy 702 \200\2234 Turner Warwick set 106 inguinal orchiectomy 510 laparoscopic surgery 468 recurrent 471 saphenopopliteal ligation and/or stripping 470 556 \200\2237 Mitroffanoff appendicove- sicostomy 522 \200\2233 U ulnar artery, exposure 387 ultrasound 308 subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery 472 nephrectomy 490 nephroureterectomy 500 \200\2231 INDEX 866 varicose veins (contd) Trendelenberg procedure 468, 469 vascular access in children vertical gastroplasty 200 vesicovaginal fistula 530 \200\2231 video assisted thoracic West retractor 105 Whipple \200\231s operation 314, 315 surgery 754 volvulus 620 \200\2231 wound healing abnormal 766 normal 764 \200\2235 574 \200\2235 vascular instruments 109 W weight reduction surgery Debakey 110 Lancy 109 O \200\231Shaughnessy 109 ringed Bulldog 110 Satinsky 109 vasectomy 4 98 ventricular arrhythmias 11 \200\22312 ventricular fibrillation 12 vertebral artery, expo sure X xeroderma pigmentosa 798 X-rays, evaluation 36 200 \200\2231, 221, 222 gastric banding 201, 346 gastric bypass 201 horizontal gastroplasty Z Zachary-Cope bowel 201 laparoscopic 346 \200\2239 vertical gastroplasty 200 clamps 107 386