Hi Jovan,
I’d associate  GRU, RNN and LSTM with sequences instead of time series. It’s broader and easier to remember. That’s why NLP is in the same group (sequence of characters/words)
As far as I know, Keras can build all the Neural Networks presented and if the layer you need is not available directly, you can customize or create your own with the same API.
The only detail on your image that I could spot is the Support Vector Machine (SVM). I don’t know if that can be considered a Neural Network and I don’t know if that can be built using Keras.