I was going through this 2 tutorial and notice the following code:
   # Discount future rewards back to the present using gamma
    for r in range(len(policy.episode_rewards)):
        R = r + gamma * R
        rewards.insert(0, R)
    pdb.set_trace()
    # Scale rewards
    rewards = torch.FloatTensor(rewards)
    rewards = (rewards - rewards.mean()) / \
        (rewards.std() + np.finfo(np.float32).eps)

    # Calculate loss
    loss = (torch.sum(torch.mul(policy.episode_actions, rewards).mul(-1), -1))

in the past I’ve had many issues and unexpected errors when I’ve tried implementing losses myself. Thus, I was very skeptical of this.
What is the real Pytorch way to do this?