rzp0063:

the predicted values are outside of the range [-1 1]


If you don’t clip the output or use any other condition, the outputs of e.g. a linear layer would be unbounded so that the values might be outside of [-1, 1].
That being said, I don’t think that e.g. using a sigmoid for a regression task would perform better than using no activation function so you might need to play around with some hyperparameters to improve the predictions.