I’m seeing the same issue, with truncated torchlib libraries
Internet seems to suggest it is a problem with patchelf.
My system:

gcc version 9.3.0 (Debian 9.3.0-11)
Debian GNU/Linux bullseye/sid

What I did:

Downloaded torchlib (https://download.pytorch.org/libtorch/cu102/libtorch-cxx11-abi-shared-with-deps-1.5.0.zip 2)
unzipped it to /usr/local/
able to successfully compile against torchlib
cannot execute my program, as libc10.so is not in the ld.so.cache
running ldconfig gives

/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libnvrtc-builtins.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libnvrtc-08c4863f.so.10.2 is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libcaffe2_nvrtc.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libcaffe2_detectron_ops_gpu.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libc10.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libc10_cuda.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libc10d_cuda_test.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libtorch_global_deps.so is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libnvToolsExt-3965bdd0.so.1 is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libcudart-80664282.so.10.2 is truncated
/sbin/ldconfig: file /usr/local/libtorch/lib/libgomp-75eea7e8.so.1 is truncated