_:n9b257fa264d34795a6151682d229ebddxb0
<http://schema.org/image>
<https://naoko-store.pl/cdn/shop/files/2_2b828018-2d37-4737-9795-cab9fb0cd121_grande.jpg?v=1725519037>
<https://naoko-store.pl/uk/products/spodnie-dresowe-horizon?variant=49073335959897>