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"Unity of Command and Unity of Direction are two principles of management that aim to improve organizational efficiency. Unity of Command means that each subordinate should receive orders from and report to only one superior. This helps prevent dual subordination and confusion in the chain of command. On the other hand, Unity of Direction means that all groups of activities within an organization should have the same objective and be responsible to one head superior. This principle prevents overlapping of activities and ensures that everyone is working towards the same goal. While Unity of Command mainly affects individual employees, Unity of Direction has implications for the entire organization. By following these principles, organizations can establish clear lines of authority and coordination, leading to better overall performance.."
<https://edurev.in/t/73001/Chapter-2-Principles-Of-Management--Class-Notes--->