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"Miltoniopsis have had the fame of being a difficult, non-forgiving orchid, that will die on you if not given the exact conditions of its preference. They once were sold left and right, but now, given their bad name, they’ve dropped off the center-stage. With this Miltoniopsis Care Sheet, you can change that.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis are not hard orchids to grow. Just like any other orchid, they have their growing climates well-defined, and if you can meet them, you’ll be rewarded will beautiful Miltoniopsis in flower for almost two full months at a time.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\"File:Miltoniopsis Herralexandre 0zz.jpg\" by Photo by David J. Stang is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 \n\n\n\nMost Miltoniopsis will rebloom after a few months, so you’ll have them in bloom most of the year.\n\n\n\nIf you follow this complete care guide for Miltoniopsis, you’ll be two-thirds of your way there to cultivate these beautiful orchids.\n\n\n\nThis Miltoniopsis culture sheet is quite long, but in it, you’ll read about:\n\n\n\nCharacteristics of Miltoniopsis,where they are found in nature,the difference between Miltoniopsis and Miltonia orchids,life cycle,light conditions,water requirements,humidity preferences,proper fertilization rations,potting media and proper soil,grooming and after bloom care,propagation of Miltoniopsis,and the most common problems.\n\n\n\nSince this Miltoniopsis care guide is quite extensive, I'm working on a free downloadable PDF, which should be up in a few days.&nbsp; If it's still not here, check back in a few days. At the end of this post, there are pictures from my Miltoniopsis Pinterest Page.\n\n\n\nMilitoniopsis Culture Sheet &amp; Care Guide\n\n\n\nPronunciation: mil-toh-nee-OPP-sis\n\n\n\nTribe: Maxillarieae\n\n\n\nSubtribe: Oncidiinae\n\n\n\nGeographic Location: High Elevation Regions near the Andes Mountain Range in South America, which crosses border lines of Peru, Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador. Note: the warm-growing Miltoniopsis, called Miltonias, and been separated into their own genus, are only found in Brazil.\n\n\n\nRecognized number of species: Depends on who you are citing. I’ve read from 5 to 11, but I still stay with 5.\n\n\n\nBlooming Time: Spring, with occasional reblooming in early fall.\n\n\n\nLight: Low light, 1000 to 1,000fc\n\n\n\nTemperature: Cool, from 60 to 80 F\n\n\n\nHumidity: 70%\n\n\n\nWatering: Constant, always moist\n\n\n\nFertilizer: 30-10-10\n\n\n\nPotting Media: Sphagnum Moss\n\n\n\nCare Guide for Miltoniopsis: Characteristics\n\n\n\nThe first thing to know about Miltoniopsis is what orchid we are talking about. They are most commonly referred to as the Colombian orchid or the pansy orchid since they resemble the pansy flower in many ways. (Some say they resemble Oncidiums more than pansies.)\n\n\n\nThese amazing blossoms are extraordinarily huge compared to the plant and can display a waterfall pattern on their leaves, with white, yellows, red, oranges, and peach colors. The blossoms are usually flat, with broad/wide lips. They have long, thin, tender roots, which tend to be extremely fragile.\n\n\n\nThese roots like to be in an always damp medium, where humidity is high and access to water is ever-present all the time. There’s a fine line from this to becoming soggy and prone to root rot, which is what usually happens to them.\n\n\n\n\"Miltoniopsis Eastern Bay 'Claret Punch' [新加坡濱海灣花園 Gardens by the Bay, Singapore]\" by 阿橋花譜 KHQ Flower Guide is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0\n\n\n\nThe pseudobulbs will be longer, more elongated than their close relatives, the Miltonias, which are more circular. They shouldn’t have wrinkled pseudobulbs, but flat and even. The shiny light green color indicates a healthy pseudobulb, with a smooth texture.\n\n\n\nIf the pseudobulbs are wrinkled, it’s a sign that either there isn’t enough water or the roots have problems and aren’t’ absorbing the water that is provided. One or two spikes form from each pseudobulb, and four to seven pansy-shaped flowers emerge form each spike.\n\n\n\nThe inflorescence, most commonly called flower spikes, ranges from 8 to 20 inches long (20 to 50 cm). Some have reported them to blossom for almost two months, not quite that. I find that it’s a bit shorter time span, ranging more in between five to six weeks.\n\n\n\nEach flower, which is around 4 inches wide, or around 10 cm, will remain open for about a week and a half, and by the middle of the second month, they’ll start to fall off. After a month or two of rest, they’ll rebloom. This guarantees that the orchid will stay in bloom for most of the year, which makes the payoff worthwhile.\n\n\n\nWhen not in bloom, the Miltoniopsis will largely assimilate resemble the Brassia, Odontoglossum and Oncidium orchids. Miltoniopsis was once a huge genus, but due to some pseudobulbs having two leaves, others having one; some being cooler gown and other withstanding hotter temperatures, the genus has been divided into Miltoniopsis and Miltonia.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis Orchid Identification: What’s the difference between the orchids Miltonia and Miltoniopsis?\n\n\n\nThe main difference between the two groups is where they’re found in nature. Because the Miltoniopsis grow in high altitudes, around the base of the Andes Mountain (mainly Colombia, Peru, Ecuador, and even in Costa Rica), and Miltonia are found in hotter, more arid climates, they have adapted to either retain more water or not—that’s what distinguishes them apart.\n\n\n\nBoth orchid genus once were in the former, larger genus, commonly named “Miltonia”. Later, Miltoniopsis were excluded (or formed their own genus). The “opsis” suffix means pertaining to, or similar to.\n\n\n\nAccording to Woody Carlson, author of the article “Culture of the Genus Miltoniopsis” published in Orchid Digest, “In 1837 John Lindley, a distinguished English botanist and orchidologist, established the Miltonia genus based on the warm-growing Brazilian species spectabilis (Lindl.), and dedicated it to the Earl Fitzwilliam, Viscount Milton (1786-1857)… In 1889 Godefroy-Lebeuf recognized that the Columbian-type species was structurally different from the Brazilian-type species and established the genus Miltoniopsis.” It was only recently that the Miltoniopsis and Miltonia genus have in fact separated for good. “In 1976, Garay and Dunsterville reestablished the genus Miltoniopsis of Godefroy-Lebeuf for all the Columbian-type species of Miltonia.” *Source: see the end of the article\n\n\n\nMiltonias can only be found in the inland lower mountain ranges in Brazil, around the state of Minas Gerais. Having lived in Brazil for a good part of my adult life, these orchids are very familiar and in my biased opinion, easier to cultivate in our North American homes and offices than the Miltoniopsis.\n\n\n\nIf you’re wondering why I went to Brazil, and what brought me back to Kansas, please check out my Author page. I wrote a heart-wrenching memoir about my experiences there, and it will also give you a good idea about who is writing theses tutorials and guides—aka Amanda Matthews.\n\n\n\nAnyway, back to the hotter, hilly plains in Brazil… Because Miltonias are not grown in such high altitudes and with considerably less humidity, they have adapted to warmer climates.The differences don’t stop there. Another variance between Miltoniopsis and Miltonias is that the pseudobulbs on Miltonias will have two leaves protruding from each pseudobulb, not just one. The round, circular-shaped Miltonia pseudobulbs will grow closer together, more compacted into the pot, as compared to the Miltoniopsis, which grow in the mountainous regions of the Andes, will be more elongated.\n\n\n\nThe cooler weather, found in Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Costa Rica, and Venezuela will call for more humidity since Miltoniopsis like the foggy, humid, overcast rainforest of the tropics. Imagine a hike on a nature trail where hardly any sun will poke through the overhead leaves and it’s so humid you can smell the sweet scent of approaching rain. In this habitat, it will rain every single day, and when it doesn’t the humidity levels are approaching 90%. Miltoniopsis prefer this kind of weather—Miltonias don’t.\n\n\n\nSince it’s a muggy, humid, but cooler climate, Miltoniopsis can afford to take up some space in the pot, and won’t grow so close to each other. Each pseudobulb will prefer to distance itself from other pseudobulbs. They will spread out in the pot, having more distance on the rhizome in between pseudobulbs.\n\n\n\nWarm-growing Miltonias, on the other hand, will grow crammed together, like childhood neighbors that know no limits to their friend’s house and theirs. It’s one big conglomeration of pseudobulbs inside a pot—exactly like my Brazilian friends, all hanging out together. Personal space is unheard of in the Brazilian culture.\n\n\n\nMiltonias and Miltoniopsis are distinct, yet similar. This care guide is for Miltoniopsis, and not Miltonias. Care is somewhat similar in both, so you can read this guide as a Miltonia Culture Sheet, too, but just take note of what is what. Where cultivation differentiates, I’ll try to mention it.\n\n\n\n MiltoniaMiltoniopsis Found in the hilly plains of Brazil, more specific to the state of Minas GeraisFound in higher altitudes along the Andes Mountains, crossing the borders of Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador2 leaves per pseudobulb 1 leaf per pseudobulbWarm-growersCool-growers Round Pseudobulbs formed in tight clustersElongated or Oval PseudobulbsSpread out in the pot, long rhizomeGray-green foliage Yellow-green, mid-green Resemble the OncidiumLook like a Pansy\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nI’ve said this before, but it’s a good time to repeat it: Miltoniopsis are not difficult to grow, though many consider them to NOT be a beginner orchid. I disagree with the second part.\n\n\n\nThe main point to strengthen my argument is that to grow your Phalaenopsis (or any other beginner orchid) you had to read up on the culture, care, cultivation requirements, and the proper way to grow it at home. Without that information, you probably wouldn’t have made it.\n\n\n\nThe same is true about the Miltoniopsis. Do the research before, and it’s a breeze to grow. A strong breeze, tending slightly toward tornado, but still doable.\n\n\n\nWithout a Miltoniopsis orchid culture sheet or a fact-check to verify that the orchid is in its proper growing conditions, it won’t grow properly. The only difference is that a Miltoniopsis will not be as forgiving as a true beginner orchid might be, as Phalaenopsis or Cattleya.\n\n\n\nBuyers tip: I hate to say this, but don’t just purchase one. Buy three or four, because until you get the proper conditions that are suitable in your climate or indoors, a few will die on you. It’s part of orchid care and learning.\n\n\n\nSo, don’t take it as a negative experience if your first Miltoniopsis dies on you. Some do. Some don’t. It can be that you did everything right and still it died. That’s just part of orchid care and education. Everything is a learning experience. In summon, Miltoniopsis orchids aren’t difficult to grow, just different. Once you learn to meet their conditions, they’ll thrive.\n\n\n\nLet’s dive into the Miltoniopsis Orchid Care Guide: Tips, Secrets &amp; Ideas to Best Grow Your Miltoniopsis\n\n\n\nCulture Sheet for Miltoniopsis: Life cycle – when in bloom\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis run a strict calendar schedule and will bloom in spring. If you are in North America, spring will mean from April to July. Some Miltoniopsis will rebloom in the fall. Depending on the type of Miltoniopsis you have, (there are 6 known/registered species but hundreds of man-made hybrids…) the inflorescence (flower spike) will emerge from the top or sides of the pseudobulb. Rarely will it emerge from both, but if it does, that it’s not something to worry about.\n\n\n\nConsider yourself lucky.\n\n\n\nThe life cycle of a Miltoniopsis Orchid will be the following: During high, hotter temperatures, they tend to go dormant. This will usually be in summer. If your home environment is too hot, it may cut back the Miltoniopsis from blooming, since they don’t tolerate higher temperatures. Keep them cooler and they’ll thank you.\n\n\n\nOnce they have stopped their tiny dormancy period, Miltoniopsis will start to grow roots in late August and early September. (If you’re not in North America, then read this as of late summer, early fall.)\n\n\n\nYou’ll need to repot as soon as you see signs of new growth in the roots, but before the roots meet the old potting medium and start to bury. All your repotting needs to be done by October. If you missed it, then just wait a year.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis will not be forgiving in an old potting medium since they can’t tolerate decomposing or decaying medium well, but that is preferred than trying to readjust a root that has made its way into the old medium. Talking about repotting, which I’ll cover later in this article, you will need to repot every year, a maximum two. Keep this in mind when you come to the repotting part of this Miltoniopsis culture guide.\n\n\n\n\"Miltonia * Orquidea 'pensamiento'\" by jacilluch is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0 \n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis will not be forgiving in an old potting medium since they can’t tolerate decomposing or decaying medium well, but that is preferred than trying to readjust a root that has made its way into the old medium. Talking about repotting, which I’ll cover later in this article, you will need to repot every year, a maximum two. Keep this in mind when you come to the repotting part of this Miltoniopsis culture guide.&nbsp;Once the orchid has a new medium and is happily settled in its home, this should be October or November, signs of early winter. This is also the best time to purchase a Miltoniopsis. Orchid it online or get it from an orchid nursery, but buy it now. Don’t wait until summer to buy it. This will give it plenty of time to adjust to your home environment and adapt before it’s time to produce a flower spike. Too many changes and it will “shut down” on you.\n\n\n\nSo…buy it, change the medium, and let it grow roots and healthy leaves during the winter, so it’s ready to bloom in spring.\n\n\n\nIn spring, Miltoniopsis flourish to the fullest. They will stay in bloom for around two months, not quite that. If you happen to get yours to stay in bloom for more, please tell me how. Please write in the comments, because I’ve never managed that.\n\n\n\nAfter they bloom, the orchid will need to recuperate for a month, and in some cases, will send out new blossoms after this short resting period. It’s not really a dormancy period but could be compared to one. In this case, you’ll have flowers up to the end of summer, when it’s time to repot again.\n\n\n\n…and that brings us to another year in the Miltoniopsis cycle of blossoming.\n\n\n\nOrchid Care for Miltoniopsis: Light Requirements\n\n\n\nThink back again to how Miltoniopsis grow in the forest. Imagine yourself walking on the uncharted path of a Peruvian rainforest, next to a waterfall with parrots and macaws flying overhead. Small micro monkeys are jumping from branch to branch, as bright, turquoise blue butterflies open and close their wings next to you. You can smell the humidity, and even though the sun is strong, it’s not hitting you in the face. The leaves above from the tall forest make a closed canopy above you.\n\n\n\nThe sun rays that actually touch your skin are the bare minimum, (making you wonder why you ever wore sunscreen in the first place) even though it’s bright enough to wear sunglasses. The sun isn’t pouring down on your face but tiny light spots speckle the forest floor.\n\n\n\nThis is how much light your Miltoniopsis will need—next to none. But they’ll like it bright. Don’t push them off into a forgotten corner of your living room, waiting to rot away in blackness. Considered low light orchids, Miltoniopsis are good for bathrooms, and the shelf furthest away from your light source if using LED Grow lights.\n\n\n\nIf you want a measurement, they range from 1,000 to 1,500-foot candles (fc), situated best with 1200 fc, which is very low. They are lower than the Phalaenopsis orchids. If you grow African violets, then mimic the same conditions to light as they like: shade, filtered light, and no direct sun.\n\n\n\nThere is a special note here: this applies to the cool growing Miltoniopsis. If you have the Miltonias, the genus from Brazil which is warm growing, you can increase the light level to 2000 foot-candles for warm growing.\n\n\n\nBoth are considered relatively shaded, but the Miltoniopsis is more, requiring 75% shade. Again, if you have a warmer growing one, then it will tolerate more light. Place a Miltoniopsis in more sun, and the tender, fine leaves will sunburn on you quicker than I will when I forget to apply sunscreen.\n\n\n\nThe leaves are not used to direct sun, and won’t tolerate any kind of direct sun unless it’s early morning sun. Even late, afternoon sun that is fading into the evening shadows is too harsh for a Miltoniopsis. This means that if you have an east-facing window, that gets early morning sun no more than one hour, then the Miltoniopsis will appreciate it. Anything more than this, your orchid is a goner.\n\n\n\nSouth-facing windows also don’t work that well. The light isn’t the problem here—the heat is. The south window is usually warmer and will stay warm all day long. Miltoniopsis are cool growing, and won’t bloom is held in temperatures that are too high. (*Miltonias don’t apply here.)\n\n\n\nIf you have grown or are growing a green leaf paphiopedilum, then the light conditions would be the same. Miltoniopsis can take more light, if you drop the temperatures, so check the leaves to see if they are hot. If they are, it’s too much.\n\n\n\nTo know if your light is too much, just right, or not enough (the Goldilocks story) look at the leaves. A pinkish-red tinge is just right, almost pushing the upper light limit. If your leaf turns purple or a pale yellow (it can go either way) it’s way too much light and you need to back off the lighting.\n\n\n\nPush your orchid away from the window sill, or place in on a lower shelf on the orchid rack. If your orchid has bright green leaves, like a juicy apple tending toward spinach or broccoli colored, it’s too dark and you need to increase your light levels. Aim for a healthy lettuce-colored leaf.\n\n\n\nFact Check for Miltoniopsis: Water Preferences\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis grow in the humid, damp, overcast rainforest under the Andres Mountain range. They love water. If it’s not raining there every day, the humidity is in the 90%, ready to downpour any minute. Then they dry out fast, caressed by the soothing wind currents that make the leaves in the overhead canopy play in the wind.\n\n\n\nSince the Miltoniopsis leaves are thin, they don’t have anywhere to store water. After, why would they need to with it raining every day? Unlike Phalaenopsis, with thick, leathery, coarse leaves, the Miltoniopsis leaves will aid in water evaporation. If they’d absorb all the humidity in the air around them. They’d be quickly affected by edema—a swelling in the leaving provoked by over-watering. The thin, fine roots cling to trees, which makes them epiphytes. They collect the humidity in the air and quickly transport them throughout the orchid. At night, the stomata or air pores, on the underside of the leaves open to release the gases and extra water droplets that have accumulated during the day.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\"Miltoniopsis\" by mahinui is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0  \n\n\n\nNow take all that information and apply it to our home offices and living rooms. :) First, you’ll need to water every day if you have a potting mix of orchid bark. If you use pure 100% sphagnum moss, then every five to six days should be sufficient.\n\n\n\nDepending on your medium, which I’ll explain later on, you can hold off watering every other day or every third day. Don’t go more than that without water. The medium will hold the water, but the roots don’t like to be soggy.\n\n\n\nIt’s better to water every day with a medium that evaporates quickly, than to water every third day with a medium that retains too much water. Both these mediums need to promote quick water absorption and water release.\n\n\n\nDuring overcast days and cooler months of the year, you can hold back on watering. The plant won’t work as hard to produce energy and require less water to live. If you over-water the cymbidium, the little fine roots will root off, as it’s quickly prone to root rot.\n\n\n\nNote: If you have a warm-growing Miltonia, you can water less, leaving a few more days in between the watering periods.\n\n\n\nBoth Miltonias and Miltoniopsis are very intolerant to the salt build up in the medium. This means that you’ll need to be flushing out the medium once a month, with water that is either rainwater, reverse osmosis water, or some other type of water that doesn’t have as high a mineral count like tap water does.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis prefer water with a pH of 6.5. Normal tap water is around 7.5 to 7.8. (Mine happens to be outrageously high, but that’s another topic. Anything you can do to bring the pH down is highly appreciated by your plant—or just use reverse osmosis water, distilled water, rainwater, or some other cleaner form of water.\n\n\n\nThe excess minerals at the top of the medium (and consequently in the potting medium itself) need to be flushed out—this is a process we call leaching. The salt build-up can happen because of the fertilizer, too. Once a month water normally, and after the watering, run clean water through the pot to rinse out any excess chemicals that have grown up inside your pot.\n\n\n\nTo know if you are watering a Miltoniopsis too little, the first signs will be wrinkled leaves and the second sign, a shriveled up pseudobulb. This may happen because the roots have all rotted away, so don’t assume it’s only because of under-watering.\n\n\n\nThe leaves will have long pleats in them, like an accordion. This will not recover, even if you water every day. Once pleated, pleated for leaf life. You can recover the plant, but that leaf will always show signs that it’s had a day at the job.\n\n\n\nThere is a popular saying with Miltoniopsis that if you think that they may need water tomorrow, water them today. But how do you know you need to water tomorrow? The roots are leaving their healthy green bean color and turning a silvery-white color.\n\n\n\nYou can check by the color of the roots, or by pushing your finger through a bottom third hole in the pot. Unlike the Phalaenopsis, where you can test using the top portion of the medium, the Miltoniopsis won’t work with this method since you never want the pot to dry out extremely. Phals like to be a little dry every once in a while—Miltoniopsis don’t.\n\n\n\nIf you feel the Miltoniopsis potting medium is wet, you still have to water it. That’s why it’s best to check the bottom holes on the pot. If they feel dry, then you’ve really under-watered the poor Miltoniopsis.\n\n\n\nQ&amp;A for Miltoniopsis: Do Miltoniopsis Grow in Hydroponics?\n\n\n\nLet me start with a disclaimer. I have never grown Miltoniopsis in water culture—full, semi, or hydroponically. I haven’t. So, this part will be from the research that others have done and I’ll write about their experiences.\n\n\n\nSemi-hydroponics works best with Miltoniopsis since the orchids don’t like to be in water all the time (compared to Full Water Culture). The two inches at the bottom of the pot will provide them with the humidity and the water they need to make it for five days. The two days drying off period needs to be supervised, since they aren’t like most Phals, which need this extra time.\n\n\n\nReduce the dry time to one day, and keep the roots constantly misted.\n\n\n\nInstructions for Miltoniopsis: Temperature\n\n\n\nThese instructions apply to the cool-growing Miltoniopsis, since the warm-growing ones will have different, higher temperatures.\n\n\n\nDuring the day, you’ll want to aim for no higher than 80ᵒ F (26ᵒ C) degrees. If you can keep it around or under 75ᵒ F (23ᵒ C), the orchid will appreciate it. Don’t drop under 70ᵒ (21ᵒC) for daytime. Above 80ᵒ F (26ᵒ C), you’re at risk for losing blooms or not even blossoming at all.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\"Orchidaceae - Miltoniopsis sp.\" by Ettore Balocchi is licensed under CC BY 2.0  \n\n\n\nAt night, you’ll want to drop that temperature by 10ᵒ degrees, going no further cooler than 59 (12 C).55 F (12 C) is better.\n\n\n\nSo, in summary, keep the temperatures from 55ᵒ to 65ᵒ F (12ᵒ to 18ᵒ C) at nightand70ᵒ to 80ᵒ (21ᵒ to 26ᵒ C) during the day.&nbsp;\n\n\n\nOrchid Care for Miltoniopsis: Correcting the Humidity\n\n\n\nYou need to do research on the internet, but be careful of who you read. I actually found this advice, “If well-watered, humidity is not a problem for Miltoniopsis.” This is a pure, flat out lie. There is no way ever that a Miltoniopsis will survive indoors without a humidifier. It’s almost a tent-grown orchid, or greenhouse orchid because the humidity requirements are so high.\n\n\n\nThink back to the rainforest under the Andes Mountains. They are in a high elevation climate, where the temperatures are cooler most the year. The humidity from the waterfalls, streams, constant and daily rainfall, and the bubbling brooks keep the humidity high, around 80 to 90%.\n\n\n\nIn our houses, we can adjust that humidity (relative humidity, or rH) to around 70%, and they will thrive just as good. Except in our living rooms, the basic humidity ranges from 25 to 30%. That’s because we are prone to using air conditioners and central heating units.\n\n\n\nBoth these appliances suck the humidity out of the air in order to raise or lower the temperature.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis will not survive on a humidity tray alone. Humidity trays—pebbles soaked in the water underneath the orchid pot—will only raise the humidity around the base of the orchid around three or four percent, so a humidifier is absolutely necessary.\n\n\n\nWhen I was searching for a good humidifier, I kept all my notes: warm-growing, cool-mist, ultrasonic, and others… and researched more than 200 different humidifiers. I read thousands of comments, recommendations, and really inserted myself in the subject.\n\n\n\nThis article is the by-product of that research, where I evaluate the top five and write about the one I chose for my home office. If you’re looking for humidifiers, I highly recommend that page.\n\n\n\nAnyway, you’ll need a humidifier. I have grown orchids in my bathroom, but have not had much luck with that. The humidity rises but doesn’t stay high most the day (unless you have about 8 kids and they all take 30-minute showers).\n\n\n\nHumidity levels for Miltoniopsis need to be at least 50% during the night and around 80% during the day. You can keep it at a regular 70%, and the results are about the same.If you live in a hotter climate, then you’ll need to upgrade your humidity.\n\n\n\nThe higher temperatures will open the stomata even more, and the gas exchange will occur more often, but this will also dry out your orchid more. More water will be absorbed through the roots, but also more humidity will be lost at higher temperatures. If you like a heated living room in the winter, keep the humidifier on high.\n\n\n\nCare Guide for Miltoniopsis: Choosing the Fertilizer\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis will need very little fertilizer, but regularly. The best solution for this is to dilute the fertilizer and use it every week, except once a month. On the day you don’t fertilize it, you’ll need to leach the orchid pot.\n\n\n\nYou can use less fertilizer during the winter months, or when it’s very overcast and cloudy—almost the same routine as you would hold back the watering cycle. During blossoming time around spring, I recommend a 10-30-20 but during all other periods, a balanced on with high nitrogen is suggested, like 30-10-10.\n\n\n\nWhatever fertilizer you use, dilute it much more than you would with a Phalaenopsis. A Cattleya and a Phal will forgive you for over-fertilizing, but a Miltoniopsis is a sentimental little dude and holds grudges. As we all know, grudges only harm the person that holds them, so your orchid will die from over-fertilizing and from excess salt build-up.Very profound, I know... But the physiological reasons are that the orchid is prone to be leached by nature every day and watering in abundance cleanses the excess nutrients out of the orchid roots. Miltoniopsis have thousands of fine, tender roots and collect tiny particles over a scattered period of time. Too much fertilizer and the plant goes overboard with chemicals, having no way to rid the excess.\n\n\n\n\"miltoniopsis at treehouse\" by mahinui is licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0   \n\n\n\nThe first sign that you’re over-fertilizing is the blackened crusty tips at the end of the leaves.\n\n\n\nCut the ends of these leaves off—they won’t grow back or recover. Tip: Miltoniopsis do not recover well from anything. That is why they have the fame of being non-forgiving. But any ailment that affects them will most likely kill them if not treated soon. Even root rot is hard to cure in a Miltoniopsis.\n\n\n\nOrchid Care for Miltoniopsis: Soil and Potting Media&nbsp;\n\n\n\nSince Miltoniopsis prefer to be soaked daily, yet depend on the air currents that sway through the trees, the potting medium needs to recreate these to the last drop. Any water retaining media with adequate drainage is what you’ll be aiming for.\n\n\n\nNew Zealand Sphagnum moss is the perfect candidate for this. Not many orchids so well in sphagnum moss alone since it retains so much humidity. Let me phrase that—no orchids do well in sphagnum moss alone. Only seedlings can tolerate the constant humidity around the roots, which is what the Miltoniopsis like.\n\n\n\nI had “technical” problems potting in sphagnum moss alone, so I kept around 20% orchid bark, just to say I had something else rather than sphagnum moss. I’ve had too many newly acquired orchids that came in sphagnum die on me… Too much humidity in the pot.\n\n\n\nSince I usually get them on the promotion/sale table, they’ve had their death sentence written way before I even got ahold of them, but it still makes me turn my head against pure sphagnum as a potting medium.\n\n\n\nOther orchid growers use it without restriction. This just reinforces that you have to try various potting mediums and see what works for you. Don’t go blindly into what one person says, and that person only.\n\n\n\nAnyway, 100% pure sphagnum moss—I’ve turned against it. To ease my conscience, I had to pot the Miltoniopsis with something else. At least it made me happy.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis have been known to be potted in seedling bark, tree fern, and extremely fine orchid bark, too. If you’re like me, there are other options, just keep the sphagnum more than 50% of your mix.\n\n\n\nWithout the sphagnum, your Miltoniopsis will dry too quickly.\n\n\n\nOrchid Instructions for Miltoniopsis: Repotting&nbsp;\n\n\n\nSince Miltoniopsis are epiphytes in a highly humid environment that get flushed out almost daily, they do not tolerate broken down potting medium. If you keep your orchid in the pot for more than two years without repotting it, it will die. The decomposing potting medium will hinder the quality of the absorption of the water through the roots.\n\n\n\nWhen you repot, chose a pot that is the same size or near the same size as your actual pot. Miltoniopsis love to be root bound. Since you’ll have to repot next year anyway, it’s not worth getting a pot 2inches larger than the original, like you would for a Phalaenopsis or Cattleya. Keep to the same size and only upgrade when it’s absolutely necessary. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\"File:Miltoniopsis Hajime Ono 2zz.jpg\" by Photo by David J. Stang is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0  \n\n\n\nAs for mounting, the Miltonias will do better on mounts than the Miltoniopsis will.\n\n\n\nThis is because of the warm-growing qualities: it’s harder to keep a cooler environment on a slab than it is in a pot on your orchid shelf.\n\n\n\nNot sure why that is, but it’s the way it is.While your repotting, try to do this before the new roots actually touch the older potting medium. Once they have a taste of what the old potting medium is like, they will have a hard time adapting to the new medium. They grow roots very fast, so don’t worry about not having good roots, as long as the new ones grow into good, fresh potting medium.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis Care Guide: Grooming (Care after blooming)&nbsp;\n\n\n\nYou need to cut off the old flower spikes after the blooms have dried up and fallen off. Since the new growths that appear will be from a new inflorescence, you can cut off the old one without hesitation. If you absolutely want to, you can leave it on until it dries up.\n\n\n\nThis will provide some extra nutrients to the orchid, as it reabsorbs the nutrients it already has. But since it’s not as thick as a Phalaenopsis spike, there isn’t much to be absorbed, so I generally cut it off. No use keeping an ugly spike in the middle of something beautiful.\n\n\n\nThe second blooms will not last as long as the first since the months will be entering summer, and Miltoniopsis do not tolerate the hotter climates at all. The higher temperatures will stunt their growth, and the flowers will not remain open as long.\n\n\n\nTip: When you are cutting back the flower spike, be EXTRA CAREFUL to not snip into the pseudobulb or other leaves. Miltoniopsis do not forgive cuts and scrapes so easily and this mark could become a hazard for future life.\n\n\n\nOrchid Care for Miltoniopsis:&nbsp; Propagation\n\n\n\nIf and when you decide to divide your Miltoniopsis, make sure the division has at least 3-5 healthy pseudobulbs. Anything less than that will not make it. If possible, aim more towards five.\n\n\n\nThe best time to do this is when you are repotting, which coincides with late spring after they have flowered. You might lose the second inflorescence, but it’s better to have a healthy potting medium for two years than to have a few sprays of flowers that won’t last long in the first place.\n\n\n\nVerify that the bulbs are in fact healthy before you divide them. If you happen to get a sick pseudobulb, chances are all the energy needed to survive will be transferred into trying to make the sick bulb recover. Miltoniopsis are not that hardy, compared to Cattleyas.\n\n\n\nYou can make a whole bunch of mistakes on Cattleyas and if they get root rot, they just grow new roots. Not so with Miltoniopsis. These orchids are finicky in that aspect. If your orchid is looking sickly, treat it immediately. Don’t divide it, don’t mess around too much with it, and let it heal.\n\n\n\nChances are, once it’s sick, it will not do so well… So, heads up on that. That is why we do everything in our power to avoid the sickness before it even installs in the orchid. Curing a sick Miltoniopsis is quite a job.Don’t pick an orchid pot that is too big, either. When you divide your orchid, remember that it probably won’t grow as much that year. Since it does prefer to be root-bound, the orchid pot for Miltoniopsis can be tight, snugly hugging the roots.\n\n\n\nWhatever you do, do NOT bury the pseudobulb into the medium. It should be above the medium and showing (visible). Since your potting medium will be moist most the time, anything that is brushing up against it is a potential cause for stem rot.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis are also prone to all the pests, insects, bugs, critters, and little creatures that should not inhabit the earth. But they do. And they’re here to stay.\n\n\n\nI wrote a page on the most common pesticides and insecticides used for all orchids which you can read by clicking here, but specifically pertaining to Miltoniopsis, be careful with Neem Oil. It will burn the leaves. All other insecticides are safe to use.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis Pests, Insects &amp; Problems\n\n\n\nThe worst problem that Miltoniopsis have is the high humidity and constant water cycle leading to root rot. The roots are very fine, tender, and sensitive. They are prone to root rot since it’s not an easy task to get the cycle just right.\n\n\n\nCattleyas and Phalaenopsis are more forgiving when it comes to getting over root rot. With them, you can let the roots sit out, apply hydrogen peroxide, and the roots will grow back. Miltoniopsis are harder in that aspect. Even though they are avid growers, they don’t recover well from diseases and have a hard time fighting it off.\n\n\n\nFungal infections are in second. This mainly happens because fungus feeds of bacteria, and if you didn’t control the bacteria that caused the rot in the first place, it just adds up. Once fungus sets in, your potting media will decompose rapidly, and a repot will be necessary.\n\n\n\nTo treat both these, it’s advised to keep a fan circulating at all times.\n\n\n\nThe constant airflow will prevent water droplets from sitting too long on the top of leaves, in the crown, and next to the pseudobulbs. The air current dries up the water while making the available humidity circulate in between the orchid structures.\n\n\n\nMiltoniopsis Fact Check: Hybrids – Varieties\n\n\n\nThere aren’t many species of Miltoniopsis, only 5:Miltoniopsis bismarckii,Miltoniopsis phalaenopsis,Miltoniopsis roezlii,Miltoniopsis vexillariaand Miltoniopsis warscewiczii.\n\n\n\nThese have been crossed with each other and also with Vandas, Oncidiums, and Phalaenopsis to create hundred of different hybrids. \n\n\n\n&nbsp;\n\n\n\nWhen choosing a Miltoniopsis to purchase, always check and see who the parents are.\n\n\n\nThis can influence minor adaptations in the culture and care guide. If you don’t know, or that information is not specified, then the care will not differ from this care sheet for Miltoniopsis.\n\n\n\n\n\nMore Pictures of Miltoniopsis\n\n\n\nIf you want inspiring pictures of Miltoniopsis, then take a look at my Pinterest Page, where I repost pictures of several orchid genera, Miltoniopsis included. I did not take these pictures. I just reposted them and included the appropriate credit information to each picture. You can scroll through those pictures below or go directly to the Pinterest page. Orchideria Cultivating Orchids &amp; Crafting TerrariumsTypes of Orchids: MiltoniopsisFollow On Further Reading Suggestions:\n\n\n\nDon't just take my word for what is written here. Continue researching other articles about Miltoniopsis orchid care, because everyone has a different point of view and unique techniques that work for them. Here are a few other articles from other websites if you'd like to continue your research on Miltoniopsis Care Guide:-\"Miltoniopsis Culture: Colombian-Type Miltonia (Miltoniopsis) Culture\"&nbsp; written by Ned Nash,&nbsp; published on American Orchid Society talks about general guidelines of caring for Miltoniopsis.- Orchid Digest, Volume 63, Number 3, July, August, September 1998, pps. 101-111. Copyright 1998 Orchid Digest Corp. http://www.orchiddigest.org/ It was from this article that I cited direct citations.-\"Culture of the Genus Miltoniopsis\" written by Woody Carlson, published on Robert Bebdard Horticultre talks about a lot more in depth care guide to Miltoniopsis than I could provide here, especially about pests and diseases.&nbsp; \n\n\n\nHappy Cultivating!"
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