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"Daular Borno dadaddiyar babbar daula ce mai cike da tarihi a Afirka wadda ta kafu da kafafunta tun kafin karni na 10. Daula ce mai fadi da ta mamaye wasu yankuna a kasashen Nijeriya, Nijar, Chadi, Kamaru, Sudan har zuwa Libya.\n\nMasana tarihi sun tabbatar da cewa, Daular El-Kanemi ta samo asali ne daga mutanen da a ke kira 'Saifuwa', wadanda asalinsu daga kasar Yemen yankin ta Gabas ta Tsakiya, wadanda su ka fara kafa daular Musulunci a Borno tsawon shekaru 1000 da su ka gabata, yayin da kuma daga bisani Shehu Muhammad Al-Amin El-Kanemi ya kafa Daular Kanem, a karni na 18, bayan gushewar daular Saifuwa, wadanda sarakunanta su ka yi mulki tsawon shekaru da dama.\n\nLEADERSHIP A YAU ta duba tarihin Daular Borno tare da wasu daga cikin masana tarihi da su ka kunshi Alhaji Zanna Hassan Boguma, Daraktan mai kula da sha'anin masarautu a Borno, da Farfesa Adam Muhammad Ajiri, na sashen nazarin addinin Musulunci a jami'ar Maiduguri da ke jihar Borno\n\nMasanan sun fara da takaitacen bayani dangane da asalin kalmar Borno, inda rubuce-rubucen masana tarihi su ka nuna cewa kalmar 'Borno' ta samo asali ne daga kalmomin Larabci guda biyu, wato 'Bahar' da 'Nur', inda ma'anarsu ita ce kogin haske. Sannan daga baya a ka rage wasu haruffa, inda ta zama 'Barnu' har kuma zuwa Borno.\n\nBugu da kari kuma, saboda kasancewar daular Borno gidan alarammomin (masana) Alkur'ani kuma gidan nazarin addinin Musulunci, shi ne ya sa sarakunan farko su ke kiran Daular Borno \"Bahar Nur\" bisa ma’anar Kogin Hasken Musulunci.\n\nTa bakin masanin tarihi, Alhaji Zanna Hassan Boguma ya ce hatta shahararren masanin nan; Ibn Khaldun, ya ambaci sunan \"Bahar Nur\" a rubuce-rubucensa na tarihin Musulunci a Afirka.\n\nTushen Borno:\n\nTarihi ya nuna cewa, al'ummar Kanuri ne su ka kafa Daular Borno, wadanda tarihi ya tabbatar da cewa daga kasar Yemen su ka fito, wadanda su ka bayyana cewa tsatson wani sarki ne da a ka yi a Yemen mai suna Said Ibn Dhi-Yazny, wanda a ke yi wa alkunya da 'Malik al-Himyari' tun kafin bayyanar Manzon Allah (SAW), wanda shi ne ya kafa daulolin Indiya da Fasha.\n\nHaka kuma, masanan sun nuna cewa mutanen Ibn Dhi-Yazny su na daga cikin mutanen da su ka bai wa sahabban Annabi (SAW) mafaka bayan hijirarsa daga Makkah zuwa Madinah.\n\nZannan Hassan Boguma ya sake nanata cewa, Kanurin da su ka kafa Daular Saifuwa ta Borno, asalinsu shi ne daga kasar Yemen.\n\nDaular Borno Ta Kafu Tun A Zamanin Sahabbai:\n\nMasanin tarihi Alhaji Zanna ya ce, Daular Borno ta yi zamani da sahabbai, kuma ya ce daular ta kafu tun kafin zuwan Manzon Allah (SAW). A cewarsa, ya nuna sarakunan Borno sun aika da wasikar neman malamai da za su koyar da addini ta hanyar Amr Al-As, Gwamnan Misra na wancan lokacin, wanda ya tura Ukba Ibn Nafi.\n\nYa ce, \"sarakunan Borno sun karbi wadannan malaman daga Ibn Nafi a zamanin Sayyadina Umar (RA).\" A hannu guda kuma, Hassan Boguma ya ce wasu littafan tarihi sun nuna cewa a zamanin Sayyadina Usman (RA) ne.\n\nA ta bakin Farfesa Adam Muhammad Ajiri kuma, ya ce Gwamnan daular Maghrib ne a arewacin Afirka, Ukba Ibn Nafi, yakinsa ya zo har Daular Borno a shekarar 666, kuma ya ce zamanin Khulafa'ur Rashidun ya fara ne daga 632 zuwa 660.\n\nYa ce, ba za a iya cewa sun yi zamani da sahabbai ba, amma a na ganin watakila a lokacin akwai daular Musulunci a Borno, ko da yake an fi tabbatarwa a zamanin Umayyad daga 661 zuwa 750.\n\nFarfesa Ajiri ya kara da cewa, \"a lokacin akwai binciken da ya nuna daga shekarar 661 zuwa 670 akwai malamai daga daular Umayyad da su ka shigo yankin Maghrib har suka iso Borno\".\n\n&nbsp;\n\nSaifuwa A Borno Da Kafuwar El-Kanemi:\n\nSaifuwa su ne asalin sarautar Borno, kuma dalilin da ya sa a ke kiran su da Saifuwa shi ne saboda sun fito ne daga tsatson Said Ibn Dhi-Yazny. Haka kuma tarihi ya nuna Saifuwa sun yi sarauta sama da shekara 1000, kuma sun yi sarakuna kimanin 113, tun kafin karni na bakwai.\n\nFarfesa Ajiri ya ce, bayan Saifuwa sun ci kabilar Zaghawa da yaki ne su ka kafa daular Musulunci a Borno, kuma sun kafa daula ne a wajajen karni na shida.\n\nSarakunan farko a Daular Saifuwa sun hada da:\n\nMai Dugu a shekarar 785\n\nMai Fune a shekarar 835\n\nMai Aritso a shekarar 893)\n\nMai Katuri a shekarar 942\n\nMai Ayoma a shekarar 961\n\nMai Bulu a shekarar 1019\n\nMai Arki a shekarar 1035\n\nMai Shu a shekarar 1077.\n\n&nbsp;\n\nA hannu guda kuma, \"tun zamanin Sarkin Mai Hume Djilme; wajajen 1080, a ka fara daula ta Musulunci har zuwa sauran sarakunan da a ka biyo bayansa,' in ji Zanna Boguma. Ya ce, a zamanin daular Musulunci ta Saifuwa an yi Sarakuna da su ka hada da Mai Dunama Humemi da ya yi mulki a 1098 zuwa 1150, sai Mai Biri Ibn Dunoma da ya yi mulki a 1150 zuwa 1176 sai Mai Bikoru Ibn Biri Dunomami, wanda ya yi zamani a 1176 zuwa 1193, wanda shi kuma Mai Ahmad shi ne Sarkin Saifuwa na karshe, kafin zamanin daular El-Kanemi.\n\nSarakunan Saifuwa Kafin El-Kanemi:\n\n<ol>\n    <li>Mai Ali Gaji Ibn Dunoma 1465-1497,</li>\n    <li>Mai Idris Katagarma 1497-1519,</li>\n    <li>Mai Muhammed Ibn Idris 1519-1538,</li>\n    <li>Mai Ali Dinar Ibn Idris 1538-1538,</li>\n    <li>Mai Dunoma Ibn Muhammad 1539-1557,</li>\n    <li>Mai Abdallah Ibn Dunoma I 1557-1564,</li>\n    <li>Mai Idris Alauma Ibn Ali II 1564-1596,</li>\n    <li>Mai Muhammad Ibn Idris II 1596-1617,</li>\n    <li>Mai Ibrahim Ibn Idris II 1617-1619,</li>\n    <li>Mai Umar Ibn Idris II 1619-1639,</li>\n    <li>Mai Ali Ibn Umar 1639-1677,</li>\n    <li>Mai Idris Ibn Ali 1677-1696,</li>\n    <li>Mai Dunoma II Ibn Ali 1686-1715,</li>\n    <li>Mai Hamdu Ibn Ali 1715-1729,</li>\n    <li>Mai Muhammad Ibn Hamdu 1729-1744,</li>\n    <li>Mai Dunoma III Ibn Muhammad 1744-1747,</li>\n    <li>Mai ALi Ibn Hamdu 1747-1792,</li>\n    <li>Mai Ahmad III Ibn Ali 1792-1808,</li>\n    <li>Mai Dunoma Ibn Ahmad 1808-1811,</li>\n    <li>Mai Muhammad Ngeleruma 1811-1814,</li>\n    <li>Mai Dunoma na biyar Ibn Ahmad 1814-1817,</li>\n    <li>Mai Ali Ibn Ibrahim (Minargema) 1846-1846.</li>\n</ol>\n\n&nbsp;\n\nFarfesa Ajiri ya ce, mulkin Saifuwa ya zo karshe ne a lokacin wani harin da Fulani su ka kawo kai inda kuma su ka ci garin Ngazargamu da yaki, wanda shi ne tsohon babban birnin Daular Borno.\n\nHaka kuma, Goni Mukhtar ne ya yaki birnin Ngazargamu, inda ya jawo a ka kori Mai na daular Saifuwa tare da taimakon Shehu El-Kanemi.\n\nFarfesa Ajiri ya ce bayan an kashe Goni Muktar a Damaturu ne kuma Mai Ahmad na Saifuwa ya rasu, daga nan El-Kanemi ya zama Sarki a wajajen shekarar 1810 zuwa 1814. Shehu El-Kanemi ya ci gaba da mulki a daular Saifuwa duk da cewa shi ba daga zuriyar Saifuwa ba ne.\n\nFarfesa ya ce El-Kanemi ya kafa daular El-Kanemi 1814 a birnin Kukawa, yanzu kimanin shekaru sama 200 da su ka gabata. \"Idan an hada shekaru kusan 800 na Daular Saifuwa da shekaru sama da 200 zai kasance shekarun daular Borno sama da 1000.\"\n\nShehu Mohammed Al- Amin El-Kanemi ya fara kafa daula ne a Ngurno tare da ba Mai Dunoma na tara Donuma Lefami a matsayin sarki a Kanem daga daular Saifuwa a 1814 zuwa 1817.\n\nMai Ibrahim na hudu Ibn Dunoma Lefami ne ya gaji Dunoma a matsayin Sarkin Saifuwa a Kanem.\n\nBayan El-Kanemi ya karbi mulki ne sarautar Borno ta sauya daga Saifuwa zuwa Shehu El-Kanemi.\n\nZanna Boguma ya ce lakabin sarautar Borno ya sauya daga \"Mai\" (Sarki) zuwa \"Shehu\" bayan kafuwar El-Kanemi. Yayin da Shehu El-Kanemi daga nan ne ya ce shi ba zai amince a kira shi da \"Mai\" ba saboda shi malami ne\".\n\nShehu Umar Kura ne ya gaji mahaifinsa Shehu Muhammad El Amin El-Kanemi a matsayin Sarkin Borno daga 1835 zuwa 1853.\n\nSarakunan El-Kanemi (Borno):\n\nSarakunan Borno zamanin daular El-Kanemi kafin Rabeh ya ci Borno da yaki sun hada:\n\n<ol>\n    <li>Shehu Mohammed Al-Amin El-Kanemi 1814-1846,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Umar Kura Dan Shehu Mohammed El-Kanemi 1835-1853,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Abdul Rahman Ibn Muhammad El-Kanemi 1853-1854,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Umar Kura Ibn Muhammad El-Kanemi 1854-1880,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Bukar Zarami Kura Ibn Umar 1880-1884,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Ibrahim Ibn Umar 1884-1885,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Hashimi Ibn Umar 1885-1893,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Kyari Ibn Bukar Zarami 1893-1894,</li>\n    <li>Shehu Sanda Limananbe Wuduroma Ibn Bukar Zarami 1894.</li>\n</ol>"
<https://hausa.leadership.ng/daular-borno-kakkarfar-daula-mai-matukar-tasiri-a-nahiyar-afrika/>