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"&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Medial Malleolus fractures are classified by on the actual orientation of the fracture line:\u00A0&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Chip Fractures&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Transverse Fractures&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Oblique Fractures&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Vertical Fractures&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Comminuted Fractures&amp;lt;/li&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Chip fractures are the sign of ligament rupture on the inner side of the ankle. Rather than the force of the injury causing a bone break, the ligaments pull off directly where they attach to the bone. Here the ligament pulls off a small piece of bone (fleck of bone) as the ligament is ruptured. This chip fracture is also known as an avulsion fracture. Sometimes &amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://www.verywell.com/ankle-sprain-2548832&amp;quot; data-component=&amp;quot;link&amp;quot; data-source=&amp;quot;inlineLink&amp;quot; data-type=&amp;quot;internalLink&amp;quot; data-ordinal=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot;&amp;gt;avulsion fractures&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt; may be simple ankle sprains. The presence of an avulsion fracture, however, may indicate a more severe injury in the context of an ankle fracture. When chip fractures occur and the ligament is fully ruptured then ankle can splay open.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The transverse fracture line occurs on the same direction of the ankle joint line. These fractures are generally a small bone fragment. While these fractures extends into the ankle joint, however do not extend into the weightbearing portion of the ankle joint.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The oblique medial malleolar fracture generally occurs along with a rotational injury that starts on the outside of the ankle, and is associated with an oblique fibular fracture. The presence of an oblique medial malleolar fracture often suggests an unstable fracture and ankle fracture surgery may be indicated. They generally occur at the corner of the ankle joint.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The vertical fracture usually occurs when the force is oriented more in the leg bone. These fractures can extend into the weightbearing portion of the ankle joint.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Comminuted fractures of the medial malleolus are generally high-energy injuries that break the bone into multiple pieces.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The medial malleolar fracture needs to be\u00A0evaluated in the context of the entire ankle when considering &amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://bunionsurgeryny.com/procedures/ankle-fracture-surgery/&amp;quot; data-component=&amp;quot;link&amp;quot; data-source=&amp;quot;inlineLink&amp;quot; data-type=&amp;quot;externalLink&amp;quot; data-ordinal=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; rel=&amp;quot;nofollow&amp;quot;&amp;gt;ankle fracture surgery&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;. Because ankle fractures typically occur as rotational injuries and medial malleolar fracture commonly occurs in conjunction with fibular fractures. In general, medial malleolar fractures that are displaced, gaped open and/or angular generally require surgery. The presence of instability of the of the fracture segment and/or the ankle also call for surgery. An important consideration for medial malleolar fractures is that these fractures extend into the ankle joint, and mal-malignment of the cartilage surface may result in arthritis, and therefore is an indication for surgery as well. \u00A0In many situations, the surgeon may identify the fracture mechanism and surgery is necessary.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;The surgical repair of the medial malleolus fracture is generally dictated by the orientation of the fracture pattern. Broken bones may be fixed with wires, screws, and/or screws with a plate. Vertically oriented fractures lend themselves to plate and screw fixation. Oblique fractures are commonly fixated with screws that hold the bones together. Transverse fractures can be repaired with screws and/or wire fixation techniques. Some fractures are repaired with &amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;https://www.verywell.com/arthroscopic-ankle-surgery-2549879&amp;quot; data-component=&amp;quot;link&amp;quot; data-source=&amp;quot;inlineLink&amp;quot; data-type=&amp;quot;internalLink&amp;quot; data-ordinal=&amp;quot;2&amp;quot;&amp;gt;arthroscopic assisted ankle fracture surgery&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;Not all medial malleolar fractures require surgery. It\u2019s important to recognize that the medial malleolus bone will heal with or without surgery and that the purpose of any surgery is to stabilize the bone in proper position while bone healing occurs. It takes 6-8 weeks for bone to heal.&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string>
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