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" Be willing to change your vision. Corwin Hardham, who co-founded the energy company Makani Power, created a new kind of wind turbine that swoops high above the Earth. He says that the inspiration for his design came from the first time he kite surfed, when he realized that the wind that sent him sailing through the air could also power a turbine modeled after a kite. &amp;quot;The design is very different now,&amp;quot; he laughs. In fact, the airplane-robot-helicopter hybrid looks nothing like the original kite inspiration.  Break the rules. Tod Sizer from Bell labs created a cube that fits in the palm of your hand and can replace a cell phone tower. At a panel at PM&amp;#039;s home base today, Sizer said, &amp;quot;I&amp;#039;ve been sitting here through these panels today, and literally everybody decided that they were going to break the rules.&amp;quot; He&amp;#039;s is no exception: He handed his team a square of wood six centimeters wide and told them to fit all the technology of a cell phone tower into it. No one thought it could be done. &amp;quot;Three months later, we had it,&amp;quot; Sizer says. Don&amp;#039;t let failure deter you. Matt Keennon took on an assignment from DARPA that even he thought was impossible: build a tiny flying robot that could be guided with great precision, and power it with only two flapping wings. &amp;quot;We took it on knowing it was quite likely that we would fail,&amp;quot; Keennon says. No one had ever built a craft that could both get power and change direction with a pair of flapping wings. But sitting on Keennon&amp;#039;s hand today is a tiny craft that can do just that.  Low points are part of the process. Laura Niklason, from the bioengineering company Humacyte, started working on her innovative, ready-to-use blood vessels back in the 1990s. She and her team spent more than two years gathering scientific data, and when they finally created their first prototype, it was a leaking disaster. &amp;quot;It looked like a bad science movie,&amp;quot; she says. But she never lost faith in her idea, and her engineered blood vessels are now being tested in humans. &amp;quot;Impossible&amp;quot; is meaningless. Automotive engineers have been trying to create a workable two-stroke engine for years. The two-stroke engine, used commonly in devices such as chain saws, simply wouldn&amp;#039;t work in a car, they decided. But Peter HofBauer, from EcoMotors International, thought it could be done. &amp;quot;A reasonable man wouldn&amp;#039;t do it,&amp;quot; he says of his idea. Reasonable or not, HofBauer&amp;#039;s pursuit of the impossible has led him to create a two-stroke engine that gives between a 15 and 50 percent increase in energy efficiency from the traditional model.  Don&amp;#039;t stop believing. If you&amp;#039;re smart and lucky enough to come up with a marketable idea, it&amp;#039;s easy to lose sight of your vision, says Paul Edmiston, inventor of Osorb, a substance made of glass nanoparticles that traps petroleum and other pollutants in water. Although every scientist would like to think he&amp;#039;s a great CEO, Edmiston says, if your invention has market value, you need to get help. And as your creation changes from idea to product, &amp;quot;Keep on believing in what you&amp;#039;re doing.&amp;quot; "^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string>
<http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/a7231/six-lessons-from-pms-breakthrough-innovators/>