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"  Another day, and other global flashpoint for war. This time, Turkey and Syria are exchanging fire: Mortar shells lobbed from Syria killed five Turkish civilians and Turkey responded with an artillery barrage. This is not the first time mortars have been fired into Turkey, but this time the attack killed three children.  Complicating the situation is the fact that no one is sure who in war-torn Syria actually shot at Turkey, and whether it was intentional or a stray shell. This is the nature of indirect fire weapons\u2014they fall where they want to, and often times not where they are supposed to.  Nevertheless, it&amp;#039;s crisis time again. Calls to end the Syrian civil war have echoed from the floor of the United Nations to the royal palaces of Jordan. But Turkey is a NATO ally and could well provide the spark that gets Europe and America involved in another Middle Eastern regime change.  So what&amp;#039;s the problem between these two? Here&amp;#039;s a quick breakdown: 1) Hating over Hatay Across the Middle East, the way that the global powers carved up the map decades ago led to bitter, lingering disputes. The region of Hatay is one of these. In 1939 Turkey convinced France to recognize Hatay as part of Turkey, which makes sense because so many Turks loved there but irked Syria because post-war treaties had given the region to them. Between 2007 and 2009 there was some reconciliation, with unrestricted travel between the border for families divided between nations. But the disputed territory has scuttled other plans to stabilize the border.  Over the past year, relations between Syria and Turkey froze as the civil war ground on. Trade across the border has virtually halted. 2) Follow the Water Turkey has lots of rivers, but it faces water shortages. The solution is dams, and since the 1990s the Turks have been trying to build lots of them. One project\u2014a system of 22 dams on the Tigris and Euphrates rivers\u2014stokes Syria&amp;#039;s anger. Since Syria is downstream of Turkey, Syrians wanted to make sure their supply was uninterrupted. A compromise agreement was forged\u2014but fell to pieces when Syria demanded that it include language that declared Hatay part of Syria.  3) Refugees, Refugees, Refugees Turkey exists in a delicate balance of religions and ethnicities. The introduction of more than 100,000 refugees from Syria is destabilizing to say the least. Turkey offered them refuge when the Syrian conflict began, but their welcome has worn thin. The policy in Turkey is to place refugees in camps, even by force. These refugees have included members of the Free Syrian Army, anti-government fighters bent on overthrowing Syria&amp;#039;s Assad regime. Opposition parties in Turkey have protested the refugee influx, declaring support for Assad and denouncing the government&amp;#039;s tolerance for fighters with ties to Islamic terrorist groups.  After the Arab Spring produced attacks on U.S. embassies and Islamist control of governments, NATO nations may be wary of what will happen if Assad&amp;#039;s regime falls. But Turkey&amp;#039;s plea for an armed resolution, and tales of atrocities by the Assad regime, could force their hand. "^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string>
<http://www.popularmechanics.com/military/a8155/why-syria-and-turkey-just-cant-get-along-13347988/>