||Local anaesthetic used in creams, ointments and suntan lotions. Also reportedly used as a fish anaesthetic.
||Similar anaesthetic properties to cocaine.
||Used as an insecticide and as an antiseptic in medicinal and cosmetic products. Also used for weatherproofing and fireproofing fabric and timber.
||May enhance anaesthetic effects of cocaine but believed to be added because it looks like cocaine crystals.
||Mild stimulant used extensively in medicines and the food and drink industry.
||Being a stimulant, it has some of the properties of amphetamine and cocaine.
|Creatine (usually as monohydrate)
||Naturally occurring compound found in the body. Used as a supplement by bodybuilders and freely available in health shops and gyms.
||May simply be seen as easily accessible, with the right appearance.
|Diltiazem (probably as hydrochloride salt)
||Used in treatment of various heart conditions, including angina and high blood pressure.
||Reason for addition not fully understood, but amounts generally believed to be small.
||Chemical used to make plastic films and sheets.
||Present at low levels and previously thought by some to have 'leeched' out of packaging materials. Now thought to added deliberately but for what reason is not known.
|Hydroxyzine (probably in dihydrochloride salt form)
||Antihistamine that has also been used as a tranquiliser in veterinary medicine.
||Reason for addition not fully understood.
|Lignocaine, also known as lidocaine (probably as hydrochloride salt)
||Local anaesthetic used mostly for surgery. Also used under medical supervision for the treatment of some heart disorders.
||Looks like cocaine and has similar anaesthetic properties. Recently seen in some heroin samples, possibly because the same people are also supplying cocaine.
||Naturally occurring compound. Used in medicine as a diuretic and aid for testing kidneys. Used in the food industry as a free-flow agent, flavour enhancer and sweetener.
||Originally associated with cocaine because its anti-caking properties helped to keep the drug as a powder. Now more likely to be seen in heroin, although the reason why is not clear.
||Painkiller, widely used.
||Found occasionally in cocaine, but principally in heroin samples.
||Painkiller chemically related to paracetamol. No longer used in the UK because of its suspected cancer-causing properties.
||Looks like cocaine. Recently seen in some heroin samples, possibly because the same people are also supplying cocaine.
|Procaine (probably as hydrochloride salt)
||Local anesthetic used in creams, ointments and suntan lotions.
||Similar anaesthetic properties to cocaine. Less common now than it was a few years ago.
|Sugars (lactose, glucose, dextrose) and related substances (sorbitol, inositol)
||Widely used in medicines and the food and drink industry. Lactose in particular is used as a filler for many tablets.
||Lactose – 9
Glucose – 3
|Lactose – 27
Glucose – 11
Inositol – 3
Sorbitol – 1
||Used to treat worms and parasitic infestations in animals. Has had trials for the treatment of certain cancers.
||Reason for addition not fully understood. Seems to be present in relatively small quantities.
||Sodium bicarbonate – 15
Sodium chloride – 10
Benzoic Acid – 1
|Potassium hydrogen tartrate – 6
Sodium chloride – 5