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Thursday, 13 April, 2000, 14:20 GMT 15:20 UK
Gagging the net in 3 easy steps
You might like to think of the internet as the ultimate tool of free speech. But the law in the UK is making some people think again, writes BBC News Online's Giles Wilson.
It's easy to censor the internet, and to prove the point, here's a little exercise.
"Jonathan Duffy is so tall he looks like the very tall character from the Simpsons's episode who, when Nelson shouts 'HA HA!', answers: 'Do you find something comical about my appearance when I'm driving my automobile?'"
Now put your statement up on your website, using any internet service provider based in the United Kingdom.
He needs to find out which ISP is hosting the site. To do this, he first runs the trace route (tracert) program which comes, for example, with Windows 95. This gives him the IP number of the site, and he finds which ISP is hosting it by entering the number in the Ripe Whois database. Then he finds the phone number of the ISP and rings them to complain.
"I demand you remove this site from your servers. Unless you take it down now, I'm going to sue you for defamation as well as the person who wrote it. It is highly defamatory," he says, even though the site is not, in fact, highly defamatory.
Robert Fox, of BB-Online, a smaller ISP which hosts about 2,000 sites: "I'd pull the site down. I'd try to contact the client, but I would have to pull it down."
Simon Gordon, spokesman for BT Internet: "Firstly we would look at the site. If we thought it was defamatory, then we would ask the sender to remove it, and if they didn't remove it, we would. Each case depends on its merits, but wherever possible we would wish to avoid any legal proceedings."
Nicola Porter, spokeswoman for Freeserve, said: "It's a very difficult situation for us. We'd investigate and act accordingly. We don't want to be a Big Brother, but we don't encourage people to behave irresponsibly." Ultimately, she said, if the company thought it defamatory, they would take it down.
Rhian Ball, of Freenetnames: "If this chap said he was going to sue, we would probably advise him to get a letter from his solicitor. If the solicitor wrote to us, then we would take it down. We've got our own lawyers, and they would always advise that if there was any doubt, we should take it down."
Nicholas Lansman, of the Internet Service Providers' Association: "I think [ISPs] would take the decision to accept the notice and remove the content."
The reason is that under current UK legislation, ISPs become responsible for the content of sites they host once they receive complaints about it.
Last month Demon paid out an estimated £200,000 damages and costs to Dr Laurence Godfrey, who had complained about allegations made about him. Demon had not responded to the complaints.
The implication is that for an ISP, having received a complaint about a site it is hosting, by far the safest and easiest course of action is to pull the plug. Kamlesh Bahl, the controversial former deputy president of the Law Society, has found this to be case, as has justice campaign group Portia.
A small gay community magazine, Outcast, was taken down last week following a complaint that it was allegedly about to publish a defamatory article, and it is now planning to take a case to the European Court of Human Rights.
Ironically the Campaign against Censorship in Britain has also had its site taken down following a complaint, and has now begun running it from servers located in the United States.
Whatever the rights and wrongs of these individual cases, there is a fear that it is but a short step away from people being able to bring a site down just because they disagree with what it says. For those who still like to think of the internet as the great extender of freedom of speech, it may come as a nasty shock.
Derek Wyatt MP, joint chairman of the all-party internet group, said that ISPs were in a difficult situation, but that there had to be protection against people who had been libelled.
He had been the subject of a hostile debate in a chat room, he said, but he had complained to the host ISP because the criticisms were based on something that he had not actually said.
He is proposing that an international secretariat for the internet should be set up to address these issues, and is hoping that it might grow from the World Internet Forum, which is to meet in Oxford in September.
But in the meantime, the legal position remains difficult for ISPs, their clients, and even for people who claim they have been libelled.
Nicholas Lansman of the ISPA added: "There's no clarity in the law, and the ISPs are having to bear the brunt and the responsibility. It's no way to make Britain the best place in the world for e-commerce."
31 Mar 00 | Sci/Tech
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30 Mar 00 | Sci/Tech
Demon settles net libel case
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