A musical golf club which enables players to refine their swing has been demonstrated in St Andrews.
Designed by a physicist, it creates a musical note which matches the speed of the golfer's swing.
Using the club, a player can instantly hear whether the speed changes before or after the golf ball is hit. Experts say the best swing should be constant.
The club was brought to St Andrews to demonstrate how science can solve practical problems.
It is fitted with sensors similar to those used to activate an airbag when a car crashes.
They transmit information on the speed of the swing which is then converted into a musical pitch. The higher and louder the sound, the faster the swing.
Inventor Prof Robert Grober, from Yale University in Connecticut, US, said: "Previously there wasn't a very good way to teach tempo and timing and the whole way the swing goes together rhythmically.
"So this provides that piece. It's the dynamics which is the link between all the positions."
The club gives an instant measure of the speed of a golfer's swing
The technology received its first major outing at St Andrews University, a town famous for golf.
The university was keen to promote the practical uses that science can be utilised for.
Prof Andy MacKenzie, director of research in the school of physics, said: "What you're really seeing is transfer of basic science from the research lab into things which are making a difference to day to day life.
"We believe it's very important for people to be aware of what their universities are doing for them."
The musical club has already been tested on the neighbouring golf course.
John Stewart, of St Andrews Links, said: "I think it's very impressive. It's made a difference to my game, made a difference to my swing.
"It's made it much more rhythmical, much more accurate and I think it's a great thing."