India's governing Congress party has named Rahul Gandhi as a general secretary in the party.
Mr Gandhi has so far been reluctant to take up a party post
Mr Gandhi, 37, is the son of Congress party president Sonia Gandhi and is tipped as a future prime minister.
Analysts say Mr Gandhi's appointment is an indication that the Congress is preparing for early elections.
Its alliance with left-wing parties has been under pressure. Meanwhile, the main opposition party, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), is in disarray.
Rahul Gandhi was elected to the lower house of parliament from Amethi in Uttar Pradesh in the last general elections in 2004.
Mr Gandhi will be heading the youth and students' wing of the party.
The announcement of Mr Gandhi's appointment has been greeted by jubilant supporters who have gathered outside the Congress party headquarters in central Delhi.
Rahul Gandhi is very popular with Congress supporters
Beating drums and waving posters of Mr Gandhi, the supporters burst firecrackers to celebrate the news.
The youngest member of India's Nehru-Gandhi political dynasty, Rahul Gandhi had earlier turned down appeals to play a more high-profile role in the party.
Three generations of his family have served as Indian prime minister.
His great-grandfather, Jawaharlal Nehru, was independent India's first prime minister, and his grandmother Indira Gandhi and father Rajiv Gandhi were both prime ministers.
The Congress party has been under tremendous pressure in the recent weeks from its left-wing allies who have been threatening to end their support unless the government shelves a controversial nuclear deal with the United States.
With talks of mid-term polls gaining momentum, some analysts say the party is keen to project a new youthful image.
They say with the appointment of Mr Gandhi, the Congress has pulled out an ace and his entry could be a major boost to the party's fortunes in the coming days.
Rahul Gandhi played a major role in Congress' campaigning in elections in India's biggest state, Uttar Pradesh, this year. But the party failed to reverse its declining fortunes there.