The 28-year-old became the first Dutch player to score a century before collecting four wickets as Holland defeated Namibia by 64 runs.
"People are always joking about my weight and fitness so it was great to have a day like this," said the sturdy all-rounder.
"I was really in the zone today and on such a great wicket, it was important to get a big score. It is such a fantastic feeling to be the first Dutch player to make a century."
Kloppenburg and Klaas van Noortwijk, who scored an unbeaten 134, put on 228 for the second wicket, the highest ever partnership for Holland.
But the Dutch went into the game without captain Roland Lefebvre who was ruled out with a hamstring injury in what would have been his final international appearance.
His deputy Luuk van Troost dedicated the win to the veteran skipper.
"This win is for Roland because over the years he has done so much for Dutch cricket. He has been a fantastic captain," he said.
Lefebvre himself said the win could spark new life in the game in Holland.
"It was a great win and it's very exciting for everyone," he said.
"When we made over 200 against Zimbabwe, I was fairly confident that a player of ours would make a big score here but to have two players make centuries was just incredible," he said.
"I hope that we have showed everyone here that we can play cricket."
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