أساسيات اللغة الصينية - شرح مبسط باللغة العربية - Udemy
في اللغة الصينية هنالك واحد وعشرون جزء أوليا (Initial), وستة وثلاثون جزء ثانوياً (Final)، وخمسة نغمات (Tones). أحيانا يكون المقطع الصوتي مكون من جزئين فقط أي من ...
Free Mandarin Chinese Language Tutorial - أساسيات اللغة الصينية - شرح مبسط باللغة العربية \| Udemy

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# أساسيات اللغة الصينية \- شرح مبسط باللغة العربية

Basics of Chinese language - a simplified explanation.

Free tutorial

Rating: 4.7 out of 54.7(7 ratings)

437 students

1hr 3min of on-demand video

Created by [SAYAF MUSTAFA](/user/sayaf-mustafa-elawad/)

Arabic

What you'll learn

Course content

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التعرف على الأبجدية في اللغة الصينية

التعرف على المقاطع الصوتية في اللغة الصينية

التعــــرف على أجــــــزاء الكلــــــمات الصينية

التعرف على النغمات الصوتية في اللغة الصينية

نطق الكلمات والحروف والتمييز بين النغمات

## Requirements

- هاتف أو لابتوب


## Description

**ما هي اللغة الصينية ؟؟**

الصين بها 56 مجموعة عرقية، أكثر من 90 % من الكثافة السكانية هم من الهان، أما النسبة المتبقة تدخل فيها عرقيات مختلفة من التبتية والأيغور والمغول وعرقيات أخرى. كل واحدة من هذه العرقيات لها لغتها الخاصة .

**هل المناطق المختلفة لعرقية الهان لها نفس اللغة  ؟؟**

تختلف لغة الهان من منطقة لأخرى، فهي تختلف من حيث النطق والأحرف والقواعد اللغوية، مثلاً: عبارة مرحباً (Hello) في لهجة بكين تنطق (ني خاو) بينما تنطق في لهجة مناطق شنغهاي (دون خو) أما في لهجة مناطق قوانج دونق تنطق (ليي خو).

لكن هنالك لغـــــة مشتركة وهـــــي تعتبر اللغة الصينية الأساســــية mandarin وهي التي سيتم التركيز عليها في هذا الشرح، فحينما تذكر اللغة الصينية يكون المقصود بها اللغة الأساسية (mandarin).

**ماهي الرموز الصينية وما هي الأحرف (البينيين) ؟؟**

الرموز الصينية (characters) : هي لغة الكتابة على الأنظمة أما الحروف (البينيين) (pinyin) الصينية فهي الدراسات اللغوية للنظام وهي لغة النطق. للقراءة في الكتب والمجلات والمواقع الإلكترونية لابد من معرفة الرموز الصينية (characters) مثلا: تكتب كلمة "مرحباً" بالرموز الصينية (你好) لكن هذه الرموز لا توضح كيفية النطق بل هي مجرد شكل للكلمة، فإذا أردنا قراءة هذه الرموز ونطقها لابد من معرفة مكوناتها من الأحـــــــرف اللاتينية  (البينيين) (Pinyin)  فتنطـــــق  (ني خاو  nihao) فالبينيين مهمة جدا في القراءة والإستماع في اللغة الصينية.

هذه هي المقدمة في الكلام عن اللغة الصينية وأحرفها وأدوات النطق فيها، سنفصل فيها بإذن الله خطوة بخطوة.

**ما هي البينيين (Pinyin) وكيف تنطق ؟؟**

البينيين هو النظام الرسمي لكتابة الصينية بالحروف اللاتينية وللتعرف عليها وكيفية نطقها نأخذ مثالاً كلمــــة (مرحباً) والتي تكتب بالأحرف الصينية هكذا (你好) والتي تتكون من حرفين مــــن الأبجديــــة الصينية الأول (你) والثانـــي (好) كل واحد من هذه الأحرف يتكون من مقطع صوتي محدد، وكل مقطع صوتي يتكون من ثلاثة أجزاء أو جزئين

1) الجزء الأول (إبتدائي) (Initial)

2) الجزء الثاني (النـــهائي) (Final)

3) الجزء الثالث النغـــــــمة (Tone)

النغمة دائما توضع على الجزء النهائي

فالحرف الأول من كلمة مرحباً (nǐ) (你) مقطعه الصوتي يتكون من جزء أولي (n) وجزء ثانوي (نهائي) هو (ǐ) وجزء ثالث هو النغمة، وكذلك الحال مع الحـــرف الثاني من الكلمة (hǎo) (好) مقطعه الصوتي يتكون من جزء أولي (h) وجزء ثانوي (ǎo) وجزء ثالث هو النغـــــمة.

في اللغة الصينية هنالك واحد وعشرون جزء أوليا (Initial), وستة وثلاثون جزء ثانوياً (Final)، وخمسة نغمات (Tones).

أحيانا يكون المقطع الصوتي مكون من جزئين فقط أي من الجزء الثانوي (النهائي) والنغمة فقط.

## Who this course is for:

- المهتمين باللغات
- طلاب الثانويات

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## Instructor

[SAYAF MUSTAFA](/user/sayaf-mustafa-elawad/)

Mineral Proceesing Engineer

[![SAYAF MUSTAFA](https://img-c.udemycdn.com/user/200_H/212594466_2b5c_3.jpg)](/user/sayaf-mustafa-elawad/)

- 4.5 Instructor Rating

- 29 Reviews

- 1,182 Students

- 6 Courses


**PhD Researcher** Mineral Processing Engineering - **China** / **Member** of the   Editorial Board of the Journal of Engineering Sciences / **Reviewer** at International Journal of Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy / Member of the **Sudanese Engineering Society**, and a specialist engineer in the Sudanese Engineering Council / **Photoshop** designer.

**باحث** دكتـــــــوراه فيهندسة معالجة الخامات \- **الصين** / عضو هيئة تحرير مجلة العلوم الهندسية / مراجع في المــــــجلة الدولية لمــــعالجة الخامات واستخلاص الفلزات / **عضو** الجمعية الهندسية السودانية ، و **مهندس أخصائي** بالمجلس الهندسي السوداني / كاتب ومصمم فوتوشوب

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