كتب مراحل صناعة الفخار - مكتبة نور
h3 span مرحلة تجهيز الطين span h3 p يعتبر الطين المادة الرئيسية في صناعة الفخار لذلك يجب الحرص على الحصول على نوعية جيدة من التراب لضمان الحصول على قطع ...
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# books مراحل صناعة الفخار

If you do not find what you're looking for, you can use more accurate words.

[# Pottery and pottery industry](/en/tag/pottery-and-pottery-industry) [# Pottery, pottery and clay industry](/en/tag/pottery-pottery-and-clay-industry) [# Pottery making methods](/en/tag/pottery-making-methods) [# ancient pottery](/en/tag/ancient-pottery) [# pottery industry in Al-Ahsa](/en/tag/pottery-industry-in-al-ahsa) [# pottery industry in Algeria](/en/tag/pottery-industry-in-algeria) [# How to make pottery](/en/tag/how-to-make-pottery) [# topic about pottery](/en/tag/topic-about-pottery) [# pottery making techniques](/en/tag/pottery-making-techniques) [# pottery making at home](/en/tag/pottery-making-at-home) [# The history of pottery](/en/tag/the-history-of-pottery) [# pottery industry in bahrain](/en/tag/pottery-industry-in-bahrain) [# An introduction to the pottery industry](/en/tag/an-introduction-to-the-pottery-industry) [# Reasons for the spread of pottery](/en/tag/reasons-for-the-spread-of-pottery) [# pottery making](/en/tag/pottery-making) [# Al Mutawa Pottery](/en/tag/al-mutawa-pottery) [# Pottery industry spread areas](/en/tag/pottery-industry-spread-areas) [# Pottery making steps](/en/tag/pottery-making-steps) [# Pottery industry in Lebanon](/en/tag/pottery-industry-in-lebanon) [# Pottery making areas in Lebanon](/en/tag/pottery-making-areas-in-lebanon)

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## مراحل صناعة الفخار  (Info)

### مرحلة تجهيز الطين

يعتبر الطين المادّة الرئيسيّة في صناعة الفخار، لذلك يجب الحرص على الحصول على نوعيّة جيّدة من التراب، لضمان الحصول على قطع فخّارية عالية الجودة، كما يمكن إضافة بعض المواد إلى الطين لضمان عدم تشقّقها، مثل: الرمل، وحبيبات الفخار القديمة، ويتم تحضير الطين عن طريق ضرب التراب بعصا "القصار"؛ لغرض تنعيمه، حيث إنّ صناعة الفخار تحتاج إلى عجينة طين جيّدة مكوّنة من التراب الناعم، وبعدها يتم حفر حفرة دائرية الشكل، وثلاثة حفر مستطيلة تتصل مع بعضها بفتحات، ثمّ وضع التراب الأحمر والأبيض والأخضر في الحفرة الدائرية، ويُصب عليها الماء، ثمّ تترك لمدّة ساعتين، وبعدها يتم تحريك خليط التراب والماء، ثمّ التخلص من الشوائب الموجودة فيه، وبعد تصفية الطين في الحفرة الدائرية يتمّ توزيعه على الحفر المستطلة، وبعدها يتمّ ترك الطين حتى يصبح متماسكاً.

### مرحلة تشكيل الطينة

يتم تشكيل الطينة بإحدى الطرق التالية:

- **الطريقة اليدوية:** يعمل الحرفي على تشكيل الطينة بيديه، ومن الصعب على الشخص غير المحترف أن يتقن صناعة الفخار بيديه، إذ تتطلّب هذه الطريقة المهارة، والخبرة.
- **طريق القوالب:** يستخدم الحرفي قوالب جاهزة، يصب فيها الطين، وتعتبر هذه الطريقة أسهل من الطريقة اليدوية.
- **العجلة أو الدولاب:** يستخدم الحرفي آلة متخصّصة لصناعة الفخار وهي دولاب، حيث يضع الطين عليها، ويبدأ في تحريكه باستخدام قدمه، مع تشكيل الفخار بيديه، وتحتاج هذه الطريقة إلى الخبرة والمهارة في العمل.

### مرحلة التجفيف

يتمّ وضع القطع الفخارية والأواني التي تم تشكيلها في جو مناسب، وتترك حوالي خمسة أيام في فصل الصيف، وعشرة أيام في فصل الشتاء وذلك حتى تجف.

### مرحلة التسخين

بعد عملية التجفيف تُوضع اللقطع الفخارية والأدوات في داخل فرن، ويتم إشعال النار تحتها، ويتم تكرار هذه العملية يومياً على مدار خمسة أيام.

### مرحلة حرق الفخار

يتم إشعال الفرن في هذه المرحلة على درجة حرارة قد تصل إلى أكثر من 1000 درجة مئوية، وتستمر عملية الحرق إلى أكثر من ثلاثة أيام، وبعد أن تُخفّض درجة الحرارة إلى خمسين درجة مئوية يتم إخراج الفخار من الفرن.

### مرحلة إعداد الأواني والرسم عليها

هناك أكثر من طريقة للرسم على الفخار، فبعد أن تبرد الأواني تكون جاهزة للرسم عليها، ويتم استخدام ألوان الأكريك لدهن الآنية، وتركها لمدة يوم حتى تجف، كما أنه يمكن طباعة الرسوم عليها.

Source: mawdoo3.com

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### [Authors of books](/en/authors-of-books)

[Mustafa Mahmoud](/en/ebooks-Mustafa-Mahmoud-pdf) [The Words Of God Almighty](/en/ebooks-hw-Kalam-Allah-azwjl-pdf) [Ibrahim AlFiqi](/en/ebooks-Ibrahim-Alfiqi-pdf) [Ahmed Khaled Tawfiq](/en/ebooks-Ahmed-Khaled-Tawfiq-pdf) [Muhammad Bin Saleh AlUthaymeen](/en/ebooks-Muhammad-Bin-Saleh-Aluthaymeen-pdf) [Fahad Amer AlAhmadi](/en/ebooks-Fahad-Amer-Alahmadi-pdf) [Muhammad Metwally AlShaarawi](/en/ebooks-fdylh-Alsheikh-Alshaarawi-pdf) [Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya](/en/ebooks-abn-Alqayyim-pdf) [Ali Bin Jaber AlFifi](/en/ebooks-Ali-Bin-Jaber-Alfifi-pdf) [Dale Carnegie](/en/ebooks-Dale-karnyjy-pdf) [Islam Gamal](/en/ebooks-Aslam-Gamal-pdf) [Sayed Qutb](/en/ebooks-Sayed-Qutb-pdf) [Muhammad AlGhazali](/en/ebooks-Muhammad-Alghazali-pdf) [Agatha Christie](/en/ebooks-Agatha-Krysty-pdf) [Omar AlHourani](/en/ebooks-Omar-Alhourani-pdf) [Abbas AlAkkad](/en/ebooks-Abbas-Mahmoud-Alakkad-pdf) [Najib Mahfouz](/en/ebooks-Najib-Mahfouz-pdf) [Muhammad Bin Ismail AlBukhari](/en/ebooks-Muhammad-Bin-Ismail-Albukhari-pdf) [Abu Hamid AlGhazali](/en/ebooks-Abu-Hamid-Alghazali-pdf) [Jalal AlDin AlSuyuti](/en/ebooks-Jalal-Aldin-Alsuyuti-pdf) [Fyodor Dostoevsky](/en/ebooks-Fyodor-dwstwyfsky-pdf) [Jihad AlTurbani](/en/ebooks-Jihad-Alturbani-pdf) [Ibrahim Al-Sukran](/en/ebooks-Ibrahim-Asskran-pdf) [Adham Sharqawi](/en/ebooks-Adham-Sharqawi-pdf) [Ismail Bin Omar Bin Katheer AlQurashi Aldamashqiu](/en/ebooks-Ismail-Bin-Omar-Bin-Katheer-Alqurashi-Aldamashqiu-pdf) [More of Authors of books](/en/authors-of-books)

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Intellectual property is reserved for the authors mentioned on the books and the library is not responsible for the ideas of the authors

Old and forgotten books that have become past to preserve Arab and Islamic heritage are published,

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