Hydroponics Series Part 1 - Inleiding: Hoe het werkt - DryGair
Hydrocultuur is een methode om planten in water te laten groeien, in plaats van in aarde. Wat zijn de geschiedenis en de basis van deze innovatieve ...
Julius von Sachs
Moderne hydrocultuur heeft een lange en uitgebreide geschiedenis. De eerste ontwikkeling van een grondloze kweektechniek, waarbij gebruik werd gemaakt van een voedingsrijke wateroplossing, was aan het eind van de 19e eeuw , gebaseerd op het onderzoek van twee Duitse botanici, <anchor>Julius von Sachs</anchor> en Wilhelm Knop .
Julius von Sachs - Wikipedia
Julius von Sachs - Wikipedia[Jump to content](#bodyContent)

Main menu

Main menu

move to sidebarhide

Navigation


- [Main page](/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]")
- [Contents](/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia")
- [Current events](/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events")
- [Random article](/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]")
- [About Wikipedia](/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works")
- [Contact us](//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia")
- [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en "Support us by donating to the Wikimedia Foundation")

Contribute


- [Help](/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia")
- [Learn to edit](/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia")
- [Community portal](/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors")
- [Recent changes](/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]")
- [Upload file](/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia")

[![](/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png)![Wikipedia](/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg)![The Free Encyclopedia](/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg)](/wiki/Main_Page)

[Search](/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]")

Search

Appearance

- [Create account](/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Julius+von+Sachs "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory")
- [Log in](/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Julius+von+Sachs "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]")

Personal tools

- [Create account](/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Julius+von+Sachs "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory")
- [Log in](/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Julius+von+Sachs "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]")

Pages for logged out editors [learn more](/wiki/Help:Introduction)

- [Contributions](/wiki/Special:MyContributions "A list of edits made from this IP address [y]")
- [Talk](/wiki/Special:MyTalk "Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]")

## Contents

move to sidebarhide

- (Top)

- [1Early life](#Early_life)
- [2Career](#Career)
- [3Evolution](#Evolution)
- [4Influence](#Influence)
- [5Publications](#Publications)
- [6References](#References)
- [7Other sources](#Other_sources)
- [8Bibliography](#Bibliography)
- [9External links](#External_links)

Toggle the table of contents

# Julius von Sachs

18 languages

- [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3 "يوليوس فون ساكس – Arabic")
- [Беларуская](https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81 "Юліус Сакс – Belarusian")
- [Català](https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – Catalan")
- [Čeština](https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – Czech")
- [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Sachs "Julius Sachs – German")
- [Español](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – Spanish")
- [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – French")
- [한국어](https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B0_%EC%9E%91%EC%8A%A4 "율리우스 폰 작스 – Korean")
- [Հայերեն](https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD_%D6%86%D5%B8%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%BD "Յուլիուս ֆոն Սաքս – Armenian")
- [Italiano](https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Sachs "Julius Sachs – Italian")
- [مصرى](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3_%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3 "جوليوس فون ساكس – Egyptian Arabic")
- [日本語](https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B6%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9 "ユリウス・フォン・ザックス – Japanese")
- [Português](https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – Portuguese")
- [Русский](https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81,_%D0%AE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD "Сакс, Юлиус фон – Russian")
- [Svenska](https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – Swedish")
- [Українська](https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%83%D1%81_%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81 "Юліус фон Сакс – Ukrainian")
- [Tiếng Việt](https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "Julius von Sachs – Vietnamese")
- [中文](https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E7%90%86%E7%83%8F%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E9%A6%AE%C2%B7%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF "尤理烏斯·馮·薩克斯 – Chinese")

[Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61650#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links")

- [Article](/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs "View the content page [c]")
- [Talk](/wiki/Talk:Julius_von_Sachs "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]")

English

- [Read](/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs)
- [Edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit "Edit this page [e]")
- [View history](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=history "Past revisions of this page [h]")

Tools

Tools

move to sidebarhide

Actions


- [Read](/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs)
- [Edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit "Edit this page [e]")
- [View history](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=history)

General


- [What links here](/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Julius_von_Sachs "List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]")
- [Related changes](/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Julius_von_Sachs "Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]")
- [Upload file](/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard "Upload files [u]")
- [Special pages](/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]")
- [Permanent link](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&oldid=1245494874 "Permanent link to this revision of this page")
- [Page information](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=info "More information about this page")
- [Cite this page](/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Julius_von_Sachs&id=1245494874&wpFormIdentifier=titleform "Information on how to cite this page")
- [Get shortened URL](/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJulius_von_Sachs)
- [Download QR code](/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJulius_von_Sachs)
- [Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q61650 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]")

Print/export


- [Download as PDF](/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Julius_von_Sachs&action=show-download-screen "Download this page as a PDF file")
- [Printable version](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&printable=yes "Printable version of this page [p]")

In other projects


- [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Julius_von_Sachs)
- [Wikispecies](https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Julius_von_Sachs)
- [Wikisource](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Julius_von_Sachs)

Appearance

move to sidebarhide

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

German botanist (1832–1897)

Not to be confused with [Julius Sachs](/wiki/Julius_Sachs "Julius Sachs").

Julius von Sachs

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Julius_Sachs.jpg/300px-Julius_Sachs.jpg)](/wiki/File:Julius_Sachs.jpg)

Julius von Sachs

Born2 October 1832 (1832-10-02)

[Breslau](/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw "Wrocław"), [Kingdom of Prussia](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia "Kingdom of Prussia")

(now [Wrocław](/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw "Wrocław"), [Poland](/wiki/Poland "Poland"))

Died29 May 1897 (1897-05-30) (aged 64)

[Würzburg](/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg "Würzburg"), [Kingdom of Bavaria](/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bavaria "Kingdom of Bavaria")

NationalityGermanAlma mater[Charles University in Prague](/wiki/Charles_University_in_Prague "Charles University in Prague")Known for[Sachs' solution](/wiki/Dennis_Robert_Hoagland#Standard_nutrient_solutions "Dennis Robert Hoagland")

Experimental [Plant Physiology](/wiki/Plant_Physiology "Plant Physiology")**Scientific career**Fields[Botany](/wiki/Botany "Botany")Institutions[University of Bonn](/wiki/University_of_Bonn "University of Bonn")

[University of Freiburg](/wiki/University_of_Freiburg "University of Freiburg")

[University of Würzburg](/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg "University of Würzburg")

**Julius von Sachs** (German:[\[zaks\]](/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German "Help:IPA/Standard German"); 2 October 1832 – 29 May 1897) was a German [botanist](/wiki/Botanist "Botanist") from [Breslau](/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw "Wrocław"), [Prussian Silesia](/wiki/Prussian_Silesia "Prussian Silesia"). He is considered the founder of experimental [plant physiology](/wiki/Plant_physiology "Plant physiology") and co-founder of modern [water culture](/wiki/Hydroponics "Hydroponics"). Julius von Sachs and [Wilhelm Knop](/wiki/Wilhelm_Knop "Wilhelm Knop") are monumental figures in the [history of botany](/wiki/History_of_botany "History of botany") by first demonstrating the importance of water culture for the study of [plant nutrition](/wiki/Plant_nutrition "Plant nutrition") and modern plant physiology in the 19th century.[\[1\]](#cite_note-1)

## Early life

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Early life")\]

Sachs was born at Breslau on 2 October 1832. His father, Graveur Sachs, was an engraver by trade, and father taught son delineation and accuracy of line and color. From earliest boyhood Julius was fascinated with plants, making collections of them on many field excursions with his father. He gave much of his time between the ages of thirteen and sixteen to drawing and painting the flowers, fungi, and other specimens which he collected. At the Gymnasium from 1845 to 1850 he was most interested in the natural sciences, collecting skulls, writing a monograph on the crayfish. His natural science teacher, one Krober, showed a singular lack of foresight when he solemnly warned young Sachs against devoting himself to the natural sciences.

When he was sixteen years old, his father died, and in the next year both his mother and a brother died of cholera. Suddenly without financial support, he was fortunate to be taken into the family of [Jan Evangelista Purkyně](/wiki/Jan_Evangelista_Purkyn%C4%9B "Jan Evangelista Purkyně") who had accepted a professorship at the [University of Prague](/wiki/Charles_University_in_Prague "Charles University in Prague"). Sachs was admitted to the university in 1851.

Sachs famously labored long hours in the laboratory for Purkyně, and then long hours for himself each day after his work in the laboratory was finished. After the lab, he could devote himself entirely to establishing how plants grow.

## Career

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Career")\]

In 1856 Sachs graduated as doctor of philosophy, and then adopted a botanical career, establishing himself as _[Privatdozent](/wiki/Privatdozent "Privatdozent")_ for [plant physiology](/wiki/Plant_physiology "Plant physiology"). In 1859 he was appointed physiological assistant to the Agricultural Academy of Tharandt (now part of the [Technical University of Dresden](/wiki/Technical_University_of_Dresden "Technical University of Dresden")) at [Julius Adolph Stöckhardt](/wiki/Julius_Adolph_St%C3%B6ckhardt "Julius Adolph Stöckhardt"); and in 1862 he was called to be director of the [Polytechnic at Chemnitz](/wiki/Chemnitz_University_of_Technology "Chemnitz University of Technology"), but was almost immediately transferred to the Agricultural Academy at [Poppelsdorf](/wiki/Poppelsdorf "Poppelsdorf") (now part of the [University of Bonn](/wiki/University_of_Bonn "University of Bonn")), where he remained until 1867, when he was nominated professor of botany in the [University of Freiburg](/wiki/University_of_Freiburg "University of Freiburg").

In 1868 he accepted the chair of botany in the [University of Würzburg](/wiki/University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg "University of Würzburg"), which he continued to occupy (in spite of calls from more prestigious German universities) until his death.

Sachs achieved distinction as an investigator, a writer and a teacher; his name will ever be especially associated with the great development of plant physiology which marked the latter half of the 19th century, though there is scarcely a branch of botany to which he did not materially contribute. His earlier papers, scattered through the volumes of botanical journals and of the publications of learned societies (a collected edition was published in 1892–93), are of great and varied interest. Prominent among them is the series of "Keimungsgeschichten," which laid the foundation of our knowledge of microchemical methods, as also of the [morphological](/wiki/Morphology_(biology) "Morphology (biology)") and physiological details of [germination](/wiki/Germination "Germination").
Then there is his resuscitation of the method of "water-culture," and the application of it to the investigation of the problems of nutrition.

Most important are his experiments, developing the concept of [photosynthesis](/wiki/Photosynthesis "Photosynthesis"), that the [starch](/wiki/Starch "Starch")-grains, found in leaf [chloroplasts](/wiki/Chloroplasts "Chloroplasts"), depend on sunlight. A leaf that has been in sunlight, then bleached white and stained with [iodine](/wiki/Iodine "Iodine") turns black, proving its starch content, whereas a leaf from the same plant that has been out of the sun will remain white. A demonstration of this experiment is shown in the second episode of [BBC Four](/wiki/BBC_Four "BBC Four")'s "Botany: A Blooming History" presented by [Timothy Walker](/wiki/Timothy_Walker_(botanist) "Timothy Walker (botanist)").

Sachs's later papers were almost exclusively published in the three volumes of the _Arbeiten des botanischen Instituts in Würzburg_ (1871–88). Among these are his investigation of the periodicity of growth in length, in connection with which he devised the self-registering [auxanometer](/wiki/Auxanometer "Auxanometer"), by which he established the retarding influence of the highly refrangible rays of the [spectrum](/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum "Electromagnetic spectrum") on the rate of growth; his research on [heliotropism](/wiki/Heliotropism "Heliotropism") and [geotropism](/wiki/Geotropism "Geotropism"), in which he introduced the [clinostat](/wiki/Clinostat "Clinostat"); his work on the structure and the arrangement of cells in growing-points; the elaborate experimental evidence upon which he based his "imbibition-theory" of the transpiration-current; his exhaustive study of the assimilatory activity of the green [leaf](/wiki/Leaf "Leaf"); and other papers of interest.

Sachs' first published volume was the _Handbuch der Experimentalphysiologie des Pflanzen_ (1865; French edition, 1868), which gives an admirable account of the state of knowledge in certain departments of the subject, and includes a great deal of original information. This was followed in 1868 by the first edition of his famous _Lehrbuch der Botanik_. It is a comprehensive work, giving a summary of the botanical science of the period, enriched with the results of many original investigations. The third edition was translated into French by [Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem](/wiki/Philippe_%C3%89douard_L%C3%A9on_Van_Tieghem "Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem") in 1873, and into English by Alfred Bennett in 1875, and published by Oxford University Press. The fourth and last German edition was published in 1874, and also issued by Oxford in 1882.

The _Lehrbuch_ was eventually superseded by the _Vorlesungen uber Pflanzenphysiologie_ (1st ed., 1882; 2nd ed., 1887; Eng. ed., Oxford, 1887), a work more limited in scope, but covering more ground than its title would imply; it has not gained the general recognition accorded to the _Lehrbuch_. Finally, there is the _Geschichte der Botanik_ (1875); an account of the development of the various branches of botanical science from the middle of the 16th century up to 1860, of which an English edition was published in 1890 by the Oxford Press.

A full account of Sachs' life and work was given by Professor Goebel, formerly his assistant, in _Flora_ (1897), of which an English translation appeared in _Science Progress_ for 1898. There is also an obituary notice of him in the _Proc. Roy. Soc._ vol. lxii.

In 1885 he became foreign member of the [Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences](/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences "Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences").[\[2\]](#cite_note-2)

## Evolution

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Evolution")\]

Sachs has been described as a "post-Darwinian botanist" who "integrated the evolutionary theory into his morphological writings."[\[3\]](#cite_note-3) He was originally supportive of [Darwinism](/wiki/Darwinism "Darwinism") but in his late career became bitterly opposed to it, instead preferring [non-Darwinian evolution](/wiki/Non-Darwinian_evolution "Non-Darwinian evolution").[\[4\]](#cite_note-4)[\[5\]](#cite_note-5)

## Influence

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Influence")\]

Many pupils of Sachs like [Julius Oscar Brefeld](/wiki/Julius_Oscar_Brefeld "Julius Oscar Brefeld"), [Francis Darwin](/wiki/Francis_Darwin "Francis Darwin"), [Karl Ritter von Goebel](/wiki/Karl_Ritter_von_Goebel "Karl Ritter von Goebel"), [Georg Albrecht Klebs](/wiki/Georg_Albrecht_Klebs "Georg Albrecht Klebs"), [Spiridon Miliarakis](/w/index.php?title=Spiridon_Miliarakis&action=edit&redlink=1 "Spiridon Miliarakis (page does not exist)"), [Hermann Müller-Thurgau](/wiki/Hermann_M%C3%BCller_(Thurgau) "Hermann Müller (Thurgau)"), [Fritz Noll](/wiki/Fritz_Noll "Fritz Noll"), [Wilhelm Pfeffer](/wiki/Wilhelm_Pfeffer "Wilhelm Pfeffer"), [Karl Prantl](/wiki/Karl_Anton_Eugen_Prantl "Karl Anton Eugen Prantl"), [Christian Ernst Stahl](/wiki/Christian_Ernst_Stahl "Christian Ernst Stahl") and [Hugo de Vries](/wiki/Hugo_de_Vries "Hugo de Vries") became later famous botanists.

His scientific statements also influenced [Dennis Robert Hoagland](/wiki/Dennis_Robert_Hoagland "Dennis Robert Hoagland") and [Daniel Israel Arnon](/wiki/Daniel_I._Arnon "Daniel I. Arnon"), who followed one of Sachs' principles in developing nutrient solutions, by quoting him as follows: "I mention the quantities (of chemicals) I am accustomed to use generally in water cultures, with the remark, however, that a somewhat wide margin may be permitted with respect to the quantities of the individual salts and the concentration of the whole solution – it does not matter if a little more or less of the one or the other salt is taken – if only the nutritive mixture is kept within certain limits as to quality and quantity, which are established by experience." This so-called _Sachs' quantity and quality principle_ and [_Knop's four-salt mixture_](/wiki/Dennis_Robert_Hoagland#Knop's_four-salt_mixture "Dennis Robert Hoagland") contributed significantly to the development of the famous [Hoagland solution](/wiki/Hoagland_solution "Hoagland solution").[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)

The standard [botanical author abbreviation](/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature#Authorship_in_scientific_names "Binomial nomenclature") **Sachs** is applied to [species](/wiki/Species "Species") he described.

In 1866, botanist [Griseb.](/wiki/August_Grisebach "August Grisebach") published _[Sachsia](/wiki/Sachsia_(plant) "Sachsia (plant)")_, which is a genus of [West Indian](/wiki/West_Indian "West Indian") and [Floridian](/wiki/Florida "Florida") plants in the [elecampane tribe](/wiki/Inuleae "Inuleae").[\[7\]](#cite_note-7)
Then in 1895, botanist [Paul Lindner](/wiki/Paul_Lindner "Paul Lindner") published _[Sachsia](/wiki/Sachsia_(fungus) "Sachsia (fungus)")_, which is a [genus](/wiki/Genus "Genus") of fungi in the [Ascomycota](/wiki/Ascomycota "Ascomycota") phylum and [Saccharomycetales](/wiki/Saccharomycetales "Saccharomycetales") order.[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) Both were named in honour of Julius von Sachs.[\[9\]](#cite_note-9)

## Publications

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: Publications")\]

- 1859: Physiologische Untersuchungen über die Keimung der Schmikbohne (Phaseolus multiflorus)
- 1859: Ueber das abwechselnde Erbleichen und Dunkelwerden der Blätter bei wechselnder Beleuchtung
- 1862: Ueber das Vergeilen der Pflanzen
- 1863: Ueber den Einfluss des Tageslichtes auf die Neublidung unt Entfaltung verschiedener Pflanzenorgane
- 1865: Handbuch der Experimentalphysiologie der Pflanzen
- 1868: Lehrbuch der Botanik, 3rd ed. 1873, [4th ed. 1874](https://archive.org/stream/lehrbuchderbotan00sach#page/n5/mode/2up)
- 1875: [Die Geschichte der Botanik vom 16. Jahrhundert bis 1860](/wiki/History_of_Botany_(1530-1860) "History of Botany (1530-1860)") (Digital edition from 1875 by the [University and State Library Düsseldorf](/wiki/University_and_State_Library_D%C3%BCsseldorf "University and State Library Düsseldorf"))
- 1878: Ueber die Anordnung der Zellen in jüngsten Pflanzentheilen
- 1882: Die Vorlesungen über Pflanzenphysiologie
- 1892: Gesammelte Abhandlungen über Pflanzenphysiologie
- 1894: Mechanomorphosen und Phylogenie
- 1896: Phylogenetische Aphorismen und über innere Gestaltungsursachen oder Automorphosen

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: References")\]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)**Hewitt E. J. (1966). Sand and Water Culture Methods Used in the Study of Plant Nutrition. Farnham Royal, England: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, pp. 547. Technical Communication No. 22 (Revised 2nd Edition) of the Commonwealth Bureau of Horticulture and Plantation Crops.
2. **[^](#cite_ref-2)**["J. von Sachs (1832–1897)"](http://www.dwc.knaw.nl/biografie/pmknaw/?pagetype=authorDetail&aId=PE00002736). Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
3. **[^](#cite_ref-3)**Farley, John. (1982). Gametes & Spores: Ideas about Sexual Reproduction, 1750–1914. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 132
4. **[^](#cite_ref-4)**Dennert, Eberhard. (1904). [_At the Deathbed of Darwinism: A Series of Papers_](https://archive.org/stream/cu31924024754719#page/n41/mode/2up). German Literary Board. p. 38
5. **[^](#cite_ref-5)**Croizat, Léon. (1960). _Principia Botanica: Or, Beginnings of Botany_. Weldon & Wesley. p. 1680
6. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**Hoagland & Arnon (1938). _The water-culture method for growing plants without soil_ (Circular (California Agricultural Experiment Station), 347. ed.). Berkeley, Calif.: University of California, College of Agriculture, Agricultural Experiment Station. [OCLC](/wiki/OCLC_(identifier) "OCLC (identifier)") [12406778](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/12406778).
7. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**[Grisebach, August Heinrich Rudolf. 1866. Catalogus plantarum cubensium exhibens collectionem Wrightianam aliasque minores ex insula Cuba missas pages 150–151](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/403816#page/155/mode/1up) in Latin
8. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**["Sachsia – Names Record"](http://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=141169). _www.speciesfungorum.org_. Species Fungorum. Retrieved 8 October 2022.
9. **[^](#cite_ref-9)**Burkhardt, Lotte (2022). [_Eine Enzyklopädie zu eponymischen Pflanzennamen_](https://doi.org/10.3372/epolist2022) \[ _Encyclopedia of eponymic plant names_\] (pdf) (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.3372/epolist2022](https://doi.org/10.3372%2Fepolist2022). [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-3-946292-41-8](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-946292-41-8 "Special:BookSources/978-3-946292-41-8"). [S2CID](/wiki/S2CID_(identifier) "S2CID (identifier)") [246307410](https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246307410). Retrieved January 27, 2022.

## Other sources

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: Other sources")\]

- [Chisholm, Hugh](/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm "Hugh Chisholm"), ed. (1911). ["Sachs, Julius von"](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Sachs,_Julius_von). _[Encyclopædia Britannica](/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition "Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition")_. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- Gimmler, Hartmut (2005). "\[The plant physiologist Julius von Sachs and the academic education of women\]". _[Wurzbg Medizinhist Mitt](/w/index.php?title=Wurzbg_Medizinhist_Mitt&action=edit&redlink=1 "Wurzbg Medizinhist Mitt (page does not exist)")_. **24**: 415–24. [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [17153314](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17153314).
- Harvey, R B (January 1929). ["Julius von Sachs"](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC440044). _[Plant Physiol.](/wiki/Plant_Physiol. "Plant Physiol.")_ **4** (1): 154.2–157. [PMC](/wiki/PMC_(identifier) "PMC (identifier)") [440044](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC440044). [PMID](/wiki/PMID_(identifier) "PMID (identifier)") [16652596](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16652596).

## Bibliography

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=8 "Edit section: Bibliography")\]

- Sachs, Julius von (1875). [_Geschichte der Botanik vom 16. Jahrhundert bis 1860_](https://archive.org/details/geschichtederbot00sachuoft). Munich: Oldenbourg. Retrieved 13 December 2015.
  - Sachs, Julius von (1890) \[1875\]. [_Geschichte der Botanik vom 16. Jahrhundert bis 1860_](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/30585#/summary) \[ _History of botany (1530–1860)_\]. translated by Henry E. F. Garnsey, revised by Isaac Bayley Balfour. Oxford: [Oxford University Press](/wiki/Oxford_University_Press "Oxford University Press"). [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.5962/bhl.title.30585](https://doi.org/10.5962%2Fbhl.title.30585). Retrieved 13 December 2015., see also _[History of botany (1530-1860)](https://books.google.com/books?id=iT5-CgAAQBAJ)_ at [Google Books](/wiki/Google_Books "Google Books")

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&action=edit&section=9 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)](/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg) Works related to [Julius von Sachs](https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Julius_von_Sachs "wikisource:Author:Julius von Sachs") at Wikisource

[Authority control databases](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control")[![Edit this at Wikidata](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61650#identifiers "Edit this at Wikidata")

International

- [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000109173539)
- [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/76385061)
- [FAST](http://id.worldcat.org/fast/106125/)
- [WorldCat](https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJd3MWDMf7rGqQ77D8jgrq)

National

- [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/118604600)
- [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82239838)
- [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123150998)
- [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb123150998)
- [Japan](https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00556349)
- [Australia](https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35202455)
- [Czech Republic](https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=nlk20000092034&CON_LNG=ENG)
- [Portugal](http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1176817)
- [Netherlands](http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069176817)
- [Norway](https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90550514)
- [Greece](https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record220300)
- [Poland](https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810591589705606)
- [Vatican](https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/248448)
- [Israel](http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007302725405171)

Academics

- [CiNii](https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01709691?l=en)
- [International Plant Names Index](https://www.ipni.org/ipni/advAuthorSearch.do?find_abbreviation=Sachs)
- [Leopoldina](https://www.leopoldina.org/mitgliederverzeichnis/mitglieder/member/Member/show/julius-von-sachs/)

Artists

- [Scientific illustrators](http://www.uni-stuttgart.de/hi/gnt/dsi2/index.php?table_name=dsi&function=details&where_field=id&where_value=7841)

People

- [Trove](https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/863110)
- [Deutsche Biographie](https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118604600.html?language=en)

Other

- [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/032046391)
- [SNAC](https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6ht2p7x)

Retrieved from " [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Julius\_von\_Sachs&oldid=1245494874](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&oldid=1245494874)"

[Categories](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

- [1832 births](/wiki/Category:1832_births "Category:1832 births")
- [1897 deaths](/wiki/Category:1897_deaths "Category:1897 deaths")
- [Plant physiologists](/wiki/Category:Plant_physiologists "Category:Plant physiologists")
- [Botanists from the Kingdom of Prussia](/wiki/Category:Botanists_from_the_Kingdom_of_Prussia "Category:Botanists from the Kingdom of Prussia")
- [19th-century German scientists](/wiki/Category:19th-century_German_scientists "Category:19th-century German scientists")
- [People from Wrocław](/wiki/Category:People_from_Wroc%C5%82aw "Category:People from Wrocław")
- [German untitled nobility](/wiki/Category:German_untitled_nobility "Category:German untitled nobility")
- [Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences](/wiki/Category:Foreign_associates_of_the_National_Academy_of_Sciences "Category:Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences")
- [Foreign members of the Royal Society](/wiki/Category:Foreign_members_of_the_Royal_Society "Category:Foreign members of the Royal Society")
- [Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences](/wiki/Category:Members_of_the_Royal_Netherlands_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences "Category:Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences")
- [Charles University alumni](/wiki/Category:Charles_University_alumni "Category:Charles University alumni")
- [Academic staff of Charles University](/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_Charles_University "Category:Academic staff of Charles University")
- [Academic staff of the University of Freiburg](/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_University_of_Freiburg "Category:Academic staff of the University of Freiburg")
- [Academic staff of the University of Würzburg](/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_University_of_W%C3%BCrzburg "Category:Academic staff of the University of Würzburg")
- [Academic staff of the University of Bonn](/wiki/Category:Academic_staff_of_the_University_of_Bonn "Category:Academic staff of the University of Bonn")
- [Non-Darwinian evolution](/wiki/Category:Non-Darwinian_evolution "Category:Non-Darwinian evolution")
- [Musicians from Wrocław](/wiki/Category:Musicians_from_Wroc%C5%82aw "Category:Musicians from Wrocław")
- [Scientists from the Province of Silesia](/wiki/Category:Scientists_from_the_Province_of_Silesia "Category:Scientists from the Province of Silesia")
- [19th-century German botanists](/wiki/Category:19th-century_German_botanists "Category:19th-century German botanists")
- [Scientists from Würzburg](/wiki/Category:Scientists_from_W%C3%BCrzburg "Category:Scientists from Würzburg")

Hidden categories:

- [CS1 German-language sources (de)](/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de) "Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)")
- [Articles with short description](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description")
- [Short description is different from Wikidata](/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata "Category:Short description is different from Wikidata")
- [Articles with hCards](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards "Category:Articles with hCards")
- [Pages with German IPA](/wiki/Category:Pages_with_German_IPA "Category:Pages with German IPA")
- [Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference](/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1911_Encyclopaedia_Britannica_with_Wikisource_reference "Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference")
- [Botanists with author abbreviations](/wiki/Category:Botanists_with_author_abbreviations "Category:Botanists with author abbreviations")

- This page was last edited on 13 September 2024, at 09:12 (UTC).
- Text is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0](//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License);
additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the [Terms of Use](//foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use) and [Privacy Policy](//foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy). Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](//wikimediafoundation.org/), a non-profit organization.

- [Privacy policy](https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy)
- [About Wikipedia](/wiki/Wikipedia:About)
- [Disclaimers](/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)
- [Contact Wikipedia](//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us)
- [Code of Conduct](https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)
- [Developers](https://developer.wikimedia.org)
- [Statistics](https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org)
- [Cookie statement](https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement)
- [Mobile view](//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Julius_von_Sachs&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)

- [![Wikimedia Foundation](/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg)](https://wikimediafoundation.org/)
- [![Powered by MediaWiki](/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg)](https://www.mediawiki.org/)