Comment les rayonnements aident-ils à lutter contre les insectes ...
D'autres, tels que les mouches des fruits, les hétérocères, les mouches tsé-tsé et les larves de la lucilie bouchère, ravagent les cultures et ...
moustiques
Bien que l’on puisse lâcher à la fois des mâles et des femelles stériles dans le cas de plusieurs espèces d’insectes, pour la TIS, il vaut généralement mieux ne lâcher que les mâles : les mâles stériles sont beaucoup plus efficaces pour limiter la reproduction des populations sauvages car ils recherchent activement des femelles sauvages pour s’accoupler et peuvent le faire avec plusieurs d’entre elles. L’utilisation exclusive de mâles accélère ainsi la stérilisation, puisque les mâles stériles ne s’accouplent qu’avec les femelles sauvages, sans être distraits par des femelles stériles. De plus, au cas improbable où le processus de stérilisation ne fonctionnerait pas, on ne risque pas d’introduire des femelles fertiles dans l’environnement. L’utilisation exclusive de mâles permet également de réduire de moitié les coûts d’emballage et de lâcher. Enfin, cette approche est beaucoup plus sûre, car dans certains cas, le lâcher d’insectes femelles peut avoir des conséquences néfastes. Par exemple, seules les <anchor>moustiques</anchor> femelles nous piquent pour se nourrir de notre sang, source de protéines, et elles seules peuvent donc propager des maladies mortelles.
Mosquitoes | IAEA
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# Mosquitoes

Mosquitoes are vectors of major diseases such as malaria, dengue, etc, which cannot be effectively controlled by conventional insecticide based strategies, although the use of insecticide treated bednets, which targets blood-seeking females, can be very successful in certain situations against malaria. In addition to the direct human cost, malaria hinders economic development and poses a serious threat for new areas.

The SIT technology, such as mass rearing, sterilization, releasing, field monitoring is not yet developed for malaria mosquitoes. However, the demand for the integration of SIT as a complementary tool against some of these species is growing. The SIT would complement other tactics such as larval control or insecticide treated bednets, since it target female reproduction, and sterile males would not be affected by bednets.

Preparations for a pilot test against Anopheles arabiensis in Northern State of Sudan are now under way. The elimination or suppression of this pest would improve prospects for development and expansion of agriculture and tourism to sites of historical interest. Other species of mosquito that transmit virus diseases are expanding their distribution and are posing a threat to many new regions, these include Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

A convenient assemblage of existing information on the suppression and/or eradication of Anopheles populations using the release of sterilized mosquitoes can be found at the Volume 8, supplement 2 of the [Malaria Journal](http://www.malariajournal.com/supplements/8/S2).

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