Marquetry - Wikipedia
Marquetry is the art and craft of applying pieces of veneer to a structure to form decorative patterns or designs. The technique may be applied to case ...
École Boulle
During the 1980s Georges Vriz developed a technique called technique VRIZ, layering two veneer layers on top of each other and sanding through the top one, to the point of fiber transparency. This has been used mainly in France, by professionals and marquetry students of the <anchor>École Boulle</anchor>. With its technique, Georges Vriz promoted a resurgence of the marquetry he called RENAISSANCE. He launched the contemporary marquetry. In the US the technique has been used at the American School of French Marquetry by one of the teachers, artist Patrice Lejeune. The school staff is also proposing a new name for it: "Given that 'piercing' is an unfortunate mistake in the veneering world, we chose to use the word "Fusion" instead, by which term the artist expresses his intention of sanding through the veneer as a decorative, textural effect, not as a mistake."
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# École Boulle

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- [فارسی](https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_(%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC) "اکول بول (کالج) – Persian")
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School of arts and crafts in Paris, France

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[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/%C3%89cole_Boulle.JPG/220px-%C3%89cole_Boulle.JPG)](/wiki/File:%C3%89cole_Boulle.JPG) Entry facade of the École Boulle

The **École Boulle** is a college of fine [arts and crafts](/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts "Arts and Crafts") and [applied arts](/wiki/Applied_arts "Applied arts") in Paris, France. It is located at 9-21, rue Pierre-Bourdan in the [12th arrondissement](/wiki/12th_arrondissement_of_Paris "12th arrondissement of Paris") of Paris (France). It accepts students at both the secondary-school and tertiary levels.

## Curriculum

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Boulle&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Curriculum")\]

The school trains students at various levels, starting at the [Applied Arts](/wiki/Applied_Arts "Applied Arts") [Baccalauréat](/wiki/Baccalaur%C3%A9at "Baccalauréat") (French national secondary-school diploma required to pursue university studies for 18-year-old students) to the DSAA (4-year degree in applied arts after the Baccalauréat, equivalent to a master's degree[\[1\]](#cite_note-1)). It offers three different [DSAA](/w/index.php?title=DSAA&action=edit&redlink=1 "DSAA (page does not exist)") (Diplôme Supérieur d'Arts Appliqués), relating to three different departments: Spatial Design, Communication Design and Product Design.

The curriculum covers two main fields:

- **Artistic crafts** including chair making, marquetry, cabinet making, tapestry, engraving, sculpture in wood, wood turning, bronze sculpture and jewellery;
- **Applied arts** including spatial design and interior architecture, industrial design, furniture design, visual expression and communication, with additional education in computer software, applied philosophy, semiotics and history of art.

## History

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Boulle&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: History")\]

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Mus%C3%A9e_Baron-Martin_069.jpg/220px-Mus%C3%A9e_Baron-Martin_069.jpg)](/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_Baron-Martin_069.jpg) Buffet in the style of Napoleon III, produced at the École Boulle

The École Boulle was founded in 1886 and is named after the cabinetmaker [André-Charles Boulle](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Charles_Boulle "André-Charles Boulle"), who is generally considered to be the preeminent artist in the field of [marquetry](/wiki/Marquetry "Marquetry") or [inlay](/wiki/Inlay "Inlay") during the reign of [Louis XIV](/wiki/Louis_XIV "Louis XIV") (1643-1715), the [Sun King](/wiki/Sun_King "Sun King"). [André-Charles Boulle](/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Charles_Boulle "André-Charles Boulle")'s art is today known as " [Boulle work](/wiki/Boulle_work "Boulle work")".[\[2\]](#cite_note-:0-2)

The school was originally located on the rue de Reuilly in the heart of the historic district of the furniture trades, near the Faubourg Saint-Antoine in Paris. Created on the initiative of the city of Paris, it was then a municipal school. Its primary purpose was to train furniture professionals such as cabinetmakers, carpenters, upholsterers and wood carvers. Later, training was added in complementary trades such as carvers, bronze fitters, or steel engravers.[\[2\]](#cite_note-:0-2)

The first mentions of the name "École Boulle" appear from 1887 in municipal bulletins. In 1891, the establishment which had then been relocated to the nearby rue Pierre-Bourdan, in the 12th arrondissement, officially became the École Boulle. At the time, it specialized in copying of works from the past, essentially linked to Louis XIV.[\[2\]](#cite_note-:0-2)

[![](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Aviation_Berg%C3%A8re_01_-_Robert_Bonfils_%2838857366264%29.jpg/220px-Aviation_Berg%C3%A8re_01_-_Robert_Bonfils_%2838857366264%29.jpg)](/wiki/File:Aviation_Berg%C3%A8re_01_-_Robert_Bonfils_(38857366264).jpg) Arm chair celebrating the victory of Allied forces in World War I. The gilded frame of the chair was produced at the École Boulle.

In 1900, École Boulle presented objects influenced by the Art Nouveau movement at the Universal Exhibition in the pavilion of the city of Paris. [Jehan Raymond](/wiki/Jean-Raymond_Boulle "Jean-Raymond Boulle"), a famous artisan associated with Art Nouveau, taught at the school. After some hesitation, during which the school reverted for a time to copying old styles, a decision was taken to direct part of the curriculum towards modernity. [Maurice Dufrène](/wiki/Maurice_Dufr%C3%AAne "Maurice Dufrêne"), a notable furniture maker and proponent of the Art Deco style, was hired to teach a course in decorative composition before the First World War.[\[2\]](#cite_note-:0-2)

During the inter-war period, the school became one of the institutional supports of [Art Déco](/wiki/Art_Deco "Art Deco"), a movement to which it provided many artisans and decorators. It participated actively in the International Exhibition of Decorative Arts in 1925, and to a lesser extent in the Colonial Exhibition in 1931 as well as that of Arts and Techniques in 1937. In 1936, a major retrospective took place in its premises on the occasion of the fiftieth anniversary of its creation. It acquired its first machines just after the First World War.[\[2\]](#cite_note-:0-2)

After the Second World War, the school adopted a more modern and technical positioning, offering courses related to interior architecture and layout. In 1969, the École Boulle became a Graduate School of Applied Arts and developed design courses (space design, product design). The school was run from 1972 to 1982 by the architect and furniture designer [Jacques Hitier](/wiki/Jacques_Hitier "Jacques Hitier"), himself a former student of Boulle.[\[2\]](#cite_note-:0-2)

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Boulle&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: References")\]

1. **[^](#cite_ref-1)**["Décret n° 2011-995 du 23 août 2011 relatif au diplôme supérieur d'arts appliqués"](http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do;jsessionid=032D4053EBD6251CD43DAED72B0B90DB.tpdjo15v_3?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000024497809&categorieLien=id) \[Decree n° 2011-995 of august the 23rd 2011 about the diplôme supérieur d'arts appliqués\] (in French). Retrieved 28 January 2017.
2. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-:0_2-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-:0_2-1) [_**c**_](#cite_ref-:0_2-2) [_**d**_](#cite_ref-:0_2-3) [_**e**_](#cite_ref-:0_2-4) [_**f**_](#cite_ref-:0_2-5)["Histoire de l'école"](https://ecole-boulle.org/histoire-de-lecole/). _Ecole Boulle_ (in French). Retrieved 2022-12-30.

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Boulle&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: External links")\]

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