Arte Digital: Um guia para criar e apreciar - Céu Galeria
Adobe Photoshop: um dos programas mais conhecidos e amplamente utilizados para pintura digital e edição de imagens. Autodesk Maya: um software de modelagem 3D ...
Frieder Nake
A arte digital tem suas raízes na década de 1960, quando os primeiros computadores começaram a ser utilizados para criar imagens e gráficos. Naquela época, o acesso a computadores era limitado e as capacidades gráficas eram bastante limitadas. No entanto, artistas pioneiros, como <anchor>Frieder Nake</anchor> e Vera Molnár, começaram a explorar as possibilidades da arte digital.
Frieder Nake - Wikipedia
Frieder Nake - Wikipedia[Jump to content](#bodyContent)

Main menu

Main menu

move to sidebarhide

Navigation


- [Main page](/wiki/Main_Page "Visit the main page [z]")
- [Contents](/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents "Guides to browsing Wikipedia")
- [Current events](/wiki/Portal:Current_events "Articles related to current events")
- [Random article](/wiki/Special:Random "Visit a randomly selected article [x]")
- [About Wikipedia](/wiki/Wikipedia:About "Learn about Wikipedia and how it works")
- [Contact us](//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us "How to contact Wikipedia")
- [Donate](https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en "Support us by donating to the Wikimedia Foundation")

Contribute


- [Help](/wiki/Help:Contents "Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia")
- [Learn to edit](/wiki/Help:Introduction "Learn how to edit Wikipedia")
- [Community portal](/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal "The hub for editors")
- [Recent changes](/wiki/Special:RecentChanges "A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]")
- [Upload file](/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard "Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia")

[![](/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png)![Wikipedia](/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg)![The Free Encyclopedia](/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg)](/wiki/Main_Page)

[Search](/wiki/Special:Search "Search Wikipedia [f]")

Search

Appearance

- [Create account](/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Frieder+Nake "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory")
- [Log in](/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Frieder+Nake "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]")

Personal tools

- [Create account](/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Frieder+Nake "You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory")
- [Log in](/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Frieder+Nake "You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]")

Pages for logged out editors [learn more](/wiki/Help:Introduction)

- [Contributions](/wiki/Special:MyContributions "A list of edits made from this IP address [y]")
- [Talk](/wiki/Special:MyTalk "Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]")

## Contents

move to sidebarhide

- (Top)

- [1Art career](#Art_career)
- [2Academic career](#Academic_career)
- [3Awards](#Awards)
- [4Public collections](#Public_collections)
- [5References](#References)
- [6External links](#External_links)

Toggle the table of contents

# Frieder Nake

4 languages

- [العربية](https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%83 "فريدر ناك – Arabic")
- [Deutsch](https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frieder_Nake "Frieder Nake – German")
- [Français](https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frieder_Nake "Frieder Nake – French")
- [مصرى](https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%83 "فريدر ناك – Egyptian Arabic")

[Edit links](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q92703#sitelinks-wikipedia "Edit interlanguage links")

- [Article](/wiki/Frieder_Nake "View the content page [c]")
- [Talk](/wiki/Talk:Frieder_Nake "Discuss improvements to the content page [t]")

English

- [Read](/wiki/Frieder_Nake)
- [Edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit "Edit this page [e]")
- [View history](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=history "Past revisions of this page [h]")

Tools

Tools

move to sidebarhide

Actions


- [Read](/wiki/Frieder_Nake)
- [Edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit "Edit this page [e]")
- [View history](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=history)

General


- [What links here](/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Frieder_Nake "List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]")
- [Related changes](/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Frieder_Nake "Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]")
- [Upload file](/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard "Upload files [u]")
- [Special pages](/wiki/Special:SpecialPages "A list of all special pages [q]")
- [Permanent link](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&oldid=1232543237 "Permanent link to this revision of this page")
- [Page information](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=info "More information about this page")
- [Cite this page](/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Frieder_Nake&id=1232543237&wpFormIdentifier=titleform "Information on how to cite this page")
- [Get shortened URL](/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFrieder_Nake)
- [Download QR code](/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFrieder_Nake)
- [Wikidata item](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q92703 "Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]")

Print/export


- [Download as PDF](/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Frieder_Nake&action=show-download-screen "Download this page as a PDF file")
- [Printable version](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&printable=yes "Printable version of this page [p]")

In other projects


- [Wikimedia Commons](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frieder_Nake)

Appearance

move to sidebarhide

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

German mathematician and computer scientist

Frieder Nake

[![Head and shoulders photo of Frieder Nake](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Frieder_Nake_2012.jpg/220px-Frieder_Nake_2012.jpg)](/wiki/File:Frieder_Nake_2012.jpg)

Nake in 2012

Born (1938-12-16) December 16, 1938 (age 85)

[Stuttgart](/wiki/Stuttgart "Stuttgart"), Germany

NationalityGermanAlma materUniversity of StuttgartOccupation(s)Mathematician, computer artist

**Frieder Nake** (born December 16, 1938) is a mathematician, [computer scientist](/wiki/Computer_scientist "Computer scientist"), and pioneer of [computer art](/wiki/Computer_art "Computer art"). He is best known internationally for his contributions to the earliest manifestations of [computer art](/wiki/Computer_art "Computer art"), a field of computing that made its first public appearances with three small exhibitions in 1965.[\[1\]](#cite_note-1)

## Art career

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Art career")\]

Nake had his first exhibition at Galerie Wendelin Niedlich in Stuttgart in November, 1965 alongside the artist [Georg Nees](/wiki/Georg_Nees "Georg Nees").[\[2\]](#cite_note-2)[\[3\]](#cite_note-3)

Until 1969, Nake generated in rapid sequence a large number of works that he showed in many exhibitions over the years. He estimates his production at about 300 to 400 works during those years. A few were limited screenprint editions, single pieces and portfolios. The bulk were done as China ink on paper graphics, carried out by a flatbed high precision [plotter](/wiki/Plotter "Plotter") called the Zuse Graphomat Z64.[\[4\]](#cite_note-4)[\[5\]](#cite_note-5)[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)

Nake participated in the important group shows of the 1960s, such as, most prominently, [Cybernetic Serendipity](/wiki/Cybernetic_Serendipity "Cybernetic Serendipity") (London, UK, 1968),[\[7\]](#cite_note-7)[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) Tendencies 4: Computers and Visual Research (Zagreb, Yugoslavia, 1968),[\[9\]](#cite_note-9)[\[10\]](#cite_note-10) Ricerca e Progettazione. Proposte per una esposizione sperimentale (35th [Venice Biennale](/wiki/Venice_Biennale "Venice Biennale"), Italy, 1970), Arteonica (São Paulo, Brazil, 1971).

[![A Konrad Zuse Z64 Graphomat plotter, the model that Nake used for his work in the 1960s](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Zuse_Z64_Graphomat.jpg/220px-Zuse_Z64_Graphomat.jpg)](/wiki/File:Zuse_Z64_Graphomat.jpg) A [Konrad Zuse](/wiki/Konrad_Zuse "Konrad Zuse") Z64 Graphomat plotter, the model that Nake used for his work in the 1960s

In 1971, he wrote a short and provocative note for Page, the Bulletin of the [Computer Arts Society](/wiki/Computer_Arts_Society "Computer Arts Society") (whose member he was and still is), under the title „There Should Be No Computer-Art“ (Page No. 18, Oct. 1971, p. 1-2. Reprinted in Arie Altena, Lucas van der Velden (eds.): The anthology of computer art. Amsterdam: [Sonic Acts](/wiki/Sonic_Acts "Sonic Acts") 2006, p. 59-60). The note sparked a lively controversial debate among those who had meanwhile started to build an active community of artists, writers, musicians, and designers in the digital domain. His statement was rooted in a moral position. The involvement of computer technology in the Vietnam War and in massive attempts by capital to automate productive processes and, thereby, generate unemployment, should not allow artists to close their eyes and become silent servants of the ruling classes by reconciling high technology with the masses of the poor and suppressed.

His book _Ästhetik als Informationsverarbeitung_ (1974) is one of the first to study connections between aesthetics, computing, and [information theory](/wiki/Information_theory "Information theory"), which has become important to the transdisciplinary area of digital media. This book and many of his ca. 300 publications (2012) evince his intellectual position between science and the humanities – a position that has always included an element of concern regarding the threats to a fully human society represented by computer technology, and which concern is on full display in a summary interview focused on what he describes as the "Algorithmic Revolution".[\[11\]](#cite_note-11)

## Academic career

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Academic career")\]

Frieder Nake has been a professor of interactive [computer graphics](/wiki/Computer_graphics "Computer graphics") at the Department of Computer Science at [Bremen](/wiki/University_of_the_Arts_Bremen "University of the Arts Bremen"), [Germany](/wiki/University_of_Bremen "University of Bremen"), since 1972. Since 2005, he has also been teaching digital media design there. After studying mathematics at the [University of Stuttgart](/wiki/University_of_Stuttgart "University of Stuttgart"), where he earned his diploma and doctoral degrees (in probability theory), he has taught in Stuttgart, [Toronto](/wiki/Toronto "Toronto") and [Vancouver](/wiki/Vancouver "Vancouver"), before coming to Bremen. His courses and seminars, besides computer graphics, [interactivity](/wiki/Interactivity "Interactivity"), and [digital media](/wiki/Digital_media "Digital media"), are in the areas of computer art, [aesthetics](/wiki/Aesthetics "Aesthetics"), [semiotics](/wiki/Semiotics "Semiotics"), computers and society, and theory of computing. He has been a visiting professor to [Universitetet Oslo](/wiki/University_of_Oslo "University of Oslo"), [Aarhus Universitet](/wiki/Aarhus_Universitet "Aarhus Universitet"), [Universität Wien](/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_Wien "Universität Wien"), [Danube University Krems](/wiki/Danube_University_Krems "Danube University Krems"), [University of Colorado](/wiki/University_of_Colorado_at_Boulder "University of Colorado at Boulder"), [University of Lübeck](/wiki/University_of_L%C3%BCbeck "University of Lübeck"), [University of Basel](/wiki/University_of_Basel "University of Basel"), [University of Costa Rica](/wiki/University_of_Costa_Rica "University of Costa Rica"), [Xi'an University of Science and Technology](/wiki/Xi%27an_University_of_Science_and_Technology "Xi'an University of Science and Technology") and [Tongji University](/wiki/Tongji_University "Tongji University").

## Awards

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Awards")\]

He won the First Prize of the Computer Art Contest of Computers & Automation in 1966. In 1997, his teaching work was honored by the Berninghausen Award for Excellence and Innovation in Teaching (University of Bremen).

## Public collections

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Public collections")\]

- [Abteiberg Museum](/wiki/Abteiberg_Museum "Abteiberg Museum"), Mönchengladbach, Germany [\[12\]](#cite_note-12)
- [Kunsthalle Bremen](/wiki/Kunsthalle_Bremen "Kunsthalle Bremen"), Germany[\[13\]](#cite_note-13)
- [Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art](/wiki/Mary_and_Leigh_Block_Museum_of_Art "Mary and Leigh Block Museum of Art"), Evanston Illinois
- [Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb](/wiki/Museum_of_Contemporary_Art,_Zagreb "Museum of Contemporary Art, Zagreb"), Croatia
- [Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec](/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_national_des_beaux-arts_du_Qu%C3%A9bec "Musée national des beaux-arts du Québec")[\[14\]](#cite_note-MNBAQ-14)
- [Sprengel Museum](/wiki/Sprengel_Museum "Sprengel Museum"), Hannover, Germany
- Tama Art University Museum, Tokyo, Japan
- [Tate Gallery](/wiki/Tate_Gallery "Tate Gallery"), London[\[15\]](#cite_note-15)
- [Victoria and Albert Museum](/wiki/Victoria_and_Albert_Museum "Victoria and Albert Museum"), London[\[16\]](#cite_note-16)[\[17\]](#cite_note-17)[\[18\]](#cite_note-18)[\[19\]](#cite_note-19)

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: References")\]

01. **[^](#cite_ref-1)**Todorovic, Milos (2024). ["AI and Heritage: A Discussion on Rethinking Heritage in a Digital World"](https://www.academia.edu/121596389/AI_and_Heritage_A_Discussion_on_Rethinking_Heritage_in_a_Digital_World). _International Journal of Cultural and Social Studies_. **10** (1): 5. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.46442/intjcss.1397403](https://doi.org/10.46442%2Fintjcss.1397403). Retrieved 4 July 2024.
02. **[^](#cite_ref-2)**McCormack, Jon; d'Inverno, Mark (2012-08-21). [_Computers and Creativity_](https://books.google.com/books?id=4OCbv8qCBRQC&q=frieder+nake+Galerie+Wendelin+Niedlich+1965&pg=PA66). Springer. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9783642317279](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783642317279 "Special:BookSources/9783642317279").
03. **[^](#cite_ref-3)**Candy, Linda; Edmonds, Ernest; Poltronieri, Fabrizio (2018-10-04). [_Explorations in Art and Technology_](https://books.google.com/books?id=hzdxDwAAQBAJ&q=frieder+nake+Cybernetic+Serendipity&pg=PA4). Springer. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9781447173670](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781447173670 "Special:BookSources/9781447173670").
04. **[^](#cite_ref-4)**Kane, Carolyn L. (2014-08-13). [_Chromatic Algorithms: Synthetic Color, Computer Art, and Aesthetics after Code_](https://books.google.com/books?id=jHuiAwAAQBAJ&q=frieder+nake+graphomat&pg=PA117). University of Chicago Press. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9780226002873](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780226002873 "Special:BookSources/9780226002873").
05. **[^](#cite_ref-5)**Medosch, Armin (2016-06-10). [_New Tendencies: Art at the Threshold of the Information Revolution (1961 - 1978)_](https://books.google.com/books?id=84cxDQAAQBAJ&q=frieder+nake+graphomat&pg=PA306). MIT Press. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9780262331920](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780262331920 "Special:BookSources/9780262331920").
06. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**Candy, Linda; Edmonds, Ernest (2002-04-30). [_Explorations in Art and Technology_](https://books.google.com/books?id=XPGI9NJxYlsC&q=frieder+nake+graphomat&pg=PA6). Springer. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9781852335458](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781852335458 "Special:BookSources/9781852335458").
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**["Cybernetic Serendipity: History and Lasting Legacy"](https://www.studiointernational.com/index.php/cybernetic-serendipity-history-and-lasting-legacy).
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**Smith, Glenn W. (31 May 2019). ["An Interview with Frieder Nake"](https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0752/8/2/69/pdf). _Arts_. **8** (2): 69. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.3390/arts8020069](https://doi.org/10.3390%2Farts8020069).
09. **[^](#cite_ref-9)**["Tendencies 4 (1968), Symposium (1968) \| Database of Digital Art"](http://dada.compart-bremen.de/item/exhibition/256). _dada.compart-bremen.de_.
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**Paul, Christiane (2016-03-02). [_A Companion to Digital Art_](https://books.google.com/books?id=ODS4CwAAQBAJ&q=frieder+nake+Tendencies+4%3A+Computers+and+Visual+Research&pg=PA58). John Wiley & Sons. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9781118475188](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781118475188 "Special:BookSources/9781118475188").
11. **[^](#cite_ref-11)**Smith, Glenn (31 May 2019). ["An Interview with Frieder Nake"](https://doi.org/10.3390%2Farts8020069). _Arts_. **8** (2): 69. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"):[10.3390/arts8020069](https://doi.org/10.3390%2Farts8020069).
12. **[^](#cite_ref-12)**Jürgens, Martin C. (2009). [_The Digital Print: Identification and Preservation_](https://books.google.com/books?id=WBgAMLJGMUAC&q=collection+frieder+nake&pg=PA12). Getty Publications. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [9780892369607](/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780892369607 "Special:BookSources/9780892369607").
13. **[^](#cite_ref-13)**["13/9/65 Nr. 7 Zufälliger Polygonzug \| Database of Digital Art"](http://dada.compart-bremen.de/item/artwork/405).
14. **[^](#cite_ref-MNBAQ_14-0)**["Nake, Frieder"](https://collections.mnbaq.org/fr/artiste/600004045).
15. **[^](#cite_ref-15)**["Frieder Nake born 1938"](https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artists/frieder-nake-17874).
16. **[^](#cite_ref-16)**["Walk-Through-Raster, series 2. 1-4 \| Nake, Frieder \| V&A Search the Collections"](https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O214165/walk-through-raster-series-2-photograph-nake-frieder/). 2020-02-15.
17. **[^](#cite_ref-17)**["Hommage à Paul Klee, 13/9/65 Nr.2 \| Nake, Frieder \| V&A Search the Collections"](https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O211685/hommage-a-paul-klee-13965-print-nake-frieder/). 2020-02-15.
18. **[^](#cite_ref-18)**["1) Polygonzug 6/7/64 Nr. 2; 2) Rechteckschraffen 30/3/65 Nr. 1-4; 3-6) Quadrate Werden Rot by Frieder Nake"](https://www.artfund.org/supporting-museums/art-weve-helped-buy/artwork/12642/1-polygonzug-6764-nr-2-2-rechteckschraffen-30365-nr-1-4-3-6-quadrate-werden-rot).
19. **[^](#cite_ref-19)**["Frieder Nake V&A Explore the Collections"](https://collections.vam.ac.uk/search/?q=Frieder%20Nake).

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [Nake Biography at MediaArtNet](http://www.medienkunstnetz.de/artist/nake/biography/)(in English and German)

[Authority control databases](/wiki/Help:Authority_control "Help:Authority control")[![Edit this at Wikidata](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png)](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q92703#identifiers "Edit this at Wikidata")

International

- [ISNI](https://isni.org/isni/0000000108733610)
- [VIAF](https://viaf.org/viaf/15832736)
- [FAST](http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1470138/)
- [WorldCat](https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxGVG4KHCBkV6wM3KGvHC)

National

- [Germany](https://d-nb.info/gnd/12883269X)
- [United States](https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85346010)
- [France](https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12795541p)
- [BnF data](https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12795541p)
- [Netherlands](http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073728411)
- [Norway](https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90183568)
- [Poland](https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810554781605606)
- [Israel](http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007381457505171)

Academics

- [CiNii](https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA08438752?l=en)
- [Mathematics Genealogy Project](https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=53391)
- [zbMATH](https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:nake.frieder)
- [DBLP](https://dblp.org/pid/37/299)
- [MathSciNet](https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/506591)

Artists

- [RKD Artists](https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/386018)

People

- [Deutsche Biographie](https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd12883269X.html?language=en)

Other

- [IdRef](https://www.idref.fr/177839198)

Retrieved from " [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frieder\_Nake&oldid=1232543237](https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&oldid=1232543237)"

[Categories](/wiki/Help:Category "Help:Category"):

- [1938 births](/wiki/Category:1938_births "Category:1938 births")
- [Living people](/wiki/Category:Living_people "Category:Living people")
- [Scientists from Stuttgart](/wiki/Category:Scientists_from_Stuttgart "Category:Scientists from Stuttgart")
- [People from the Free People's State of Württemberg](/wiki/Category:People_from_the_Free_People%27s_State_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg "Category:People from the Free People's State of Württemberg")
- [German computer scientists](/wiki/Category:German_computer_scientists "Category:German computer scientists")
- [German digital artists](/wiki/Category:German_digital_artists "Category:German digital artists")
- [Communist League of West Germany politicians](/wiki/Category:Communist_League_of_West_Germany_politicians "Category:Communist League of West Germany politicians")
- [Mathematical artists](/wiki/Category:Mathematical_artists "Category:Mathematical artists")

Hidden categories:

- [Articles with short description](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description "Category:Articles with short description")
- [Short description matches Wikidata](/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata "Category:Short description matches Wikidata")
- [Articles with hCards](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards "Category:Articles with hCards")
- [Articles with German-language sources (de)](/wiki/Category:Articles_with_German-language_sources_(de) "Category:Articles with German-language sources (de)")

- This page was last edited on 4 July 2024, at 08:18 (UTC).
- Text is available under the [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0](//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License);
additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the [Terms of Use](//foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use) and [Privacy Policy](//foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy). Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the [Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.](//wikimediafoundation.org/), a non-profit organization.

- [Privacy policy](https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy)
- [About Wikipedia](/wiki/Wikipedia:About)
- [Disclaimers](/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer)
- [Contact Wikipedia](//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us)
- [Code of Conduct](https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct)
- [Developers](https://developer.wikimedia.org)
- [Statistics](https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org)
- [Cookie statement](https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement)
- [Mobile view](//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frieder_Nake&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile)

- [![Wikimedia Foundation](/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg)](https://wikimediafoundation.org/)
- [![Powered by MediaWiki](/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg)](https://www.mediawiki.org/)