중력 (r282 판) - 나무위키
뉴턴의 중력 법칙은 두개의 물체 사이에 작용하는 만유인력의 크기 F는 두개의 물체의 질량 m1과 m2 에 비례하고 두개의 물체 사이의 거리 r의 제곱에 반비례한다는 것이다 ...
Евгений Подклетнов
허나 멋이 없기 때문에 대다수의 SF물에서는 원심력을 이용하지 않고 [7] 인공 중력을 공상과학기술로 그냥 만들어내는 우주선 등을 등장시키는데, 상술한 가장 기초적인 방법들을 사용하지 않고 중력을 만들어내는 확실한 방법은 현대 과학에 따르면 아직까진 없다. 유력한 이론으로는 자기중력장을 이용한 방법이 있는데, 이와 관련해서 러시아 의 엔지니어 예브게니 폿클레트노프( <anchor>Евгений Подклетнов</anchor>)가 회전하는 초전도체 를 이용하여 강력한 자기중력장을 만들어내는데 성공했다고 1990년대부터 주장하고 있다. 그동안 제 3자에 의하여 이 실험 결과가 검증된 적은 없었으나, 2006년 ESA 의 연구팀이 비슷한 장치를 이용, 실제로 인공 중력 비슷한 현상을 일으키는데 성공했다고 주장했다. 표준 중력의 1억분의 1에 불과했지만...
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- [1Background and education](#Background_and_education)
- [2Gravity shielding](#Gravity_shielding)Toggle Gravity shielding subsection  - [2.1Public controversy](#Public_controversy)
  - [2.2Attempted verification](#Attempted_verification)
- [3See also](#See_also)
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# Eugene Podkletnov

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Russian ceramics engineer known for his claims of inventing the gravity shielding

**Eugene Podkletnov** ( [Russian](/wiki/Russian_language "Russian language"): Евгений Подклетнов, Yevgeny Podkletnov) is a [Russian](/wiki/Rossiyane "Rossiyane") [ceramics engineer](/wiki/Ceramic_engineering "Ceramic engineering") known for his claims made in the 1990s of designing and demonstrating [gravity shielding](/wiki/Gravity_shielding "Gravity shielding") devices consisting of rotating discs constructed from [ceramic superconducting](/wiki/High-temperature_superconductivity "High-temperature superconductivity") materials.

## Background and education

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Background and education")\]

Podkletnov graduated from the [University of Chemical Technology, Mendeleyev Institute](/wiki/Mendeleev_Russian_University_of_Chemistry_and_Technology "Mendeleev Russian University of Chemistry and Technology"), in [Moscow](/wiki/Moscow "Moscow"); he then spent 15 years at the Institute for High Temperatures in the [Russian Academy of Sciences](/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences "Russian Academy of Sciences"). He received a doctorate in materials science from [Tampere University of Technology](/wiki/Tampere_University_of_Technology "Tampere University of Technology") in [Finland](/wiki/Finland "Finland"). After graduation he continued [superconductor](/wiki/Superconductor "Superconductor") research at the university, in the [Materials Science](/wiki/Materials_science "Materials science") department, until his expulsion in 1997. After which he moved back to Moscow where it is reported that he took an engineering job. Since leaving Tampere in 1997 Podkletnov has avoided public contact or appearances.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Platt1998-1) There is a report that he later returned to Tampere to work on superconductors at Tamglass Engineering Oy.[\[2\]](#cite_note-Painovoimaa-2)

## Gravity shielding

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Gravity shielding")\]

According to the account Podkletnov gave to _[Wired](/wiki/Wired_(magazine) "Wired (magazine)")_ reporter [Charles Platt](/wiki/Charles_Platt_(author) "Charles Platt (author)") in a 1996 phone interview, during a 1992 experiment with a rotating superconducting disc:

"Someone in the laboratory was smoking a pipe, and the pipe smoke rose in a column above the superconducting disc. So we placed a ball-shaped magnet above the disc, attached to a balance. The balance behaved strangely. We substituted a nonmagnetic material, silicon, and still the balance was very strange. We found that any object above the disc lost some of its weight, and we found that if we rotated the disc, the effect was increased."[\[1\]](#cite_note-Platt1998-1)

### Public controversy

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: Public controversy")\]

Podkletnov's first peer-reviewed paper on the apparent gravity-modification effect, published in 1992, attracted little notice.[\[3\]](#cite_note-3) In 1996, he submitted a longer paper, in which he claimed to have observed a larger effect (2% weight reduction as opposed to 0.3% in the 1992 paper) to the _[Journal of Physics D](/wiki/Journal_of_Physics_D "Journal of Physics D")_.[\[4\]](#cite_note-withdrawn-4)[\[5\]](#cite_note-withdrawn2-5) According to Platt, a member of the editorial staff, Ian Sample, leaked the submitted paper to Robert Matthews, the science correspondent for the British newspaper, the _[Sunday Telegraph](/wiki/Sunday_Telegraph "Sunday Telegraph")_.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Platt1998-1)

On September 1, 1996, Matthews's story broke, leading with the startling statement: "Scientists in Finland are about to reveal details of the world's first anti-gravity device."[\[6\]](#cite_note-6) In the ensuing uproar, the director of the laboratory where Podkletnov was working issued a defensive statement that Podkletnov was working entirely on his own. Vuorinen, listed as the paper's coauthor, disavowed prior knowledge of the paper and claimed that the name was used without consent. Podkletnov himself complained that he had never claimed to block gravity, only to have reduced its effect.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Platt1998-1)

Podkletnov withdrew his second paper after it had been initially accepted.[\[4\]](#cite_note-withdrawn-4)[\[5\]](#cite_note-withdrawn2-5) The resulting uproar over the alleged claims in the withdrawn paper is reported to be the primary reason for his expulsion from his lab and the termination of his employment at the university.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Platt1998-1)[\[2\]](#cite_note-Painovoimaa-2)

### Attempted verification

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: Attempted verification")\]

In a 1997 telephone interview with Charles Platt, Podkletnov insisted that his gravity-shielding work was reproduced by researchers at universities in [Toronto](/wiki/Toronto "Toronto") and [Sheffield](/wiki/Sheffield "Sheffield"), but none have come forward to acknowledge this. The Sheffield work is known to have only been intended as partial replication, aimed at observing any unusual effects which might be present, since the team involved lacked the necessary facilities to construct a large enough disc and the ability to duplicate the means by which the original disc was rotated. Podkletnov counters that the researchers in question have kept quiet "lest they be criticized by the mainstream [scientific community](/wiki/Scientific_community "Scientific community")".[\[1\]](#cite_note-Platt1998-1) Podkletnov is reported to have visited the Sheffield team in 2000 and advised them on the conditions necessary to achieve his effect, conditions that they never achieved.[\[7\]](#cite_note-7)

In a BBC news item, it was alleged that researchers at [Boeing](/wiki/Boeing "Boeing") were funding a project called GRASP (Gravity Research for Advanced Space Propulsion) which would attempt to construct a gravity shielding device based on rotating superconductors,[\[8\]](#cite_note-8) but a subsequent _[Popular Mechanics](/wiki/Popular_Mechanics "Popular Mechanics")_ news item stated that Boeing had denied funding GRASP with company money, although Boeing acknowledged that it could not comment on "black projects".[\[9\]](#cite_note-9) It is alleged that the GRASP proposal was presented to Boeing and Boeing chose not to fund it.[\[10\]](#cite_note-10)

In July 2002, an article by [Nick Cook](/wiki/Nick_Cook_(writer) "Nick Cook (writer)") in _[Jane's Defence Weekly](/wiki/Jane%27s_Defence_Weekly "Jane's Defence Weekly")_ reported about [Boeing](/wiki/Boeing "Boeing")'s internal project GRASP — Gravity Research for Advanced Space Propulsion to evaluate the validity of Podkletnov's claims. The briefing obtained by _Jane's_ says "If gravity modification is real, it will alter the entire aerospace business." The briefing allegedly says that Boeing, as well as [BAE Systems](/wiki/BAE_Systems "BAE Systems") and [Lockheed Martin](/wiki/Lockheed_Martin "Lockheed Martin") tried to approach Podkletnov directly and that "Podkletnov is strongly anti-military and will only provide assistance if the research is carried out in the 'white world' of open development."[\[11\]](#cite_note-11)

## See also

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=5 "Edit section: See also")\]

- [Anti-gravity](/wiki/Anti-gravity "Anti-gravity")
- [Ning Li](/wiki/Ning_Li_(physicist) "Ning Li (physicist)")

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=6 "Edit section: References")\]

01. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-Platt1998_1-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-Platt1998_1-1) [_**c**_](#cite_ref-Platt1998_1-2) [_**d**_](#cite_ref-Platt1998_1-3) [_**e**_](#cite_ref-Platt1998_1-4) [_**f**_](#cite_ref-Platt1998_1-5)Platt, Charles (June 3, 1998). ["Breaking the Law of Gravity"](https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/6.03/antigravity_pr.html). _Wired_. Retrieved 2011-06-19.
02. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-Painovoimaa_2-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-Painovoimaa_2-1)Vuotta Sitten (April 24, 1998). ["Painovoimaa kumoamassa"](http://www.ylioppilaslehti.fi/1998/04/24/painovoimaa-kumoamassa/ylioppilaslehti.fi/1998/04/24/painovoimaa-kumoamassa/) (in Finnish). Retrieved April 28, 2014.
03. **[^](#cite_ref-3)**Podkletnov, E; Nieminen, R (December 10, 1992). "A possibility of gravitational force shielding by bulk YBa2Cu3O7−x superconductor". _[Physica C](/wiki/Physica_C "Physica C")_. **203** (3–4): 441–444. [Bibcode](/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier) "Bibcode (identifier)"): [1992PhyC..203..441P](https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992PhyC..203..441P). [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.1016/0921-4534(92)90055-H](https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0921-4534%2892%2990055-H). [ISSN](/wiki/ISSN_(identifier) "ISSN (identifier)") [0921-4534](https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0921-4534). [OCLC](/wiki/OCLC_(identifier) "OCLC (identifier)") [4645428548](https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4645428548).
04. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-withdrawn_4-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-withdrawn_4-1)Podkletnov, E.E.; Vuorinen, P.T. (May 13, 1996). ["Gravitational shielding properties of composite bulk Y Ba2Cu3O7−x superconductor below 70 K under an electromagnetic field"](http://bp0.blogger.com/_X2tcLFEJnwU/RavF9AEHkZI/AAAAAAAAAAM/ZQ7DaXG1P04/s1600-h/podkletnov.jpg). Journal of Applied Physics D. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
05. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-withdrawn2_5-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-withdrawn2_5-1)Podkletnov, Evgeny (September 16, 1997). "Weak gravitation shielding properties of composite bulk Y Ba2Cu3O7−x superconductor below 70 K under e.m. field". [arXiv](/wiki/ArXiv_(identifier) "ArXiv (identifier)"):[cond-mat/9701074](https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9701074). This is believed to be substantially the same paper accepted for publication in 1996 by Journal of Physics D which was later withdrawn by the author.
06. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**Archer, Graeme. ["'Anti-gravity' device gives science a lift"](https://web.archive.org/web/20050314023910/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=%2Farchive%2F1996%2F09%2F01%2Fngrav01.html). _[The Daily Telegraph](/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph "The Daily Telegraph")_. London. Archived from [the original](https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1996/09/01/ngrav01.html) on March 14, 2005.
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**C. Woods; J. Helme; S. Cooke; C. Caldwell (2001). ["Gravity Modification by High Temperature Superconductors"](https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/6.2001-3363). _American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics_. [doi](/wiki/Doi_(identifier) "Doi (identifier)"): [10.2514/6.2001-3363](https://doi.org/10.2514%2F6.2001-3363).
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**["Boeing tries to defy gravity"](http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/2157975.stm). _[BBC News](/wiki/BBC_News "BBC News")_. July 7, 2002. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
09. **[^](#cite_ref-9)**["Science Does The Impossible: February 2003 Cover Story"](https://archive.today/20070930015205/http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/research/1282281.html?page=3). [Popular Mechanics](/wiki/Popular_Mechanics "Popular Mechanics"). 2003\. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved April 29, 2014.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( [link](/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown "Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown"))
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**Banke, Jim (July 31, 2002). ["Gravity Shielding Still Science Fiction, Boeing Says"](http://www.thelivingmoon.com/41pegasus/02documents/Project_Grasp.html). _Space.com_. Retrieved April 29, 2014.
11. **[^](#cite_ref-11)**[Nick Cook](/wiki/Nick_Cook_(writer) "Nick Cook (writer)") (July 29, 2002). ["Anti-gravity propulsion comes 'out of the closet'"](http://www.janes.com/aerospace/civil/news/jdw/jdw020729_1_n.shtml). _[Internet Archive](/wiki/Internet_Archive "Internet Archive")_. [Archived](https://web.archive.org/web/20020802222642/http://www.janes.com/aerospace/civil/news/jdw/jdw020729_1_n.shtml) from the original on August 2, 2002.

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Eugene_Podkletnov&action=edit&section=7 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [Sven Piper on Antigravity](https://en.astris.info/post/on-the-way-to-the-antigravity-drive) Article about the current status of antigravity research from 2024
- [Eugene Podkletnov on Antigravity](http://www.americanantigravity.com/news/space/eugene-podkletnov-on-antigravity.html) A recounting of recent work claimed by supporters in 2014.
- [Russia's 'gravity-beating' scientist](http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/not_in_website/syndication/monitoring/media_reports/2159629.stm) A BBC News profile on Podkletnov from 2002.

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