グローバルな課題への取り組み、いくつもの小さな連携が希望に
ロシアのウクライナ侵攻では激しい戦闘が続き、エネルギー市場が不安定化。世界の気温は上昇し続けています。また、新型コロナウイルスの ...
進んでいる
これらの課題に対処するために、世界のリーダーたちは、国連事務総長が「分断された世界」と 呼ぶ 今日の世界で、連携を強化する必要性を強調するでしょう。問題は、分断化が <anchor>進んでいる</anchor> と思われる今、グローバルな連携は実際にどのようなあり方になり得るかということです。
A Deeper Look at Forces Fragmenting Our World—and How to Respond
A Deeper Look at Forces Fragmenting Our World—and How to Respond

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# A Deeper Look at Forces Fragmenting Our World—and How to Respond  ![ ](/Assets/IMF/blog/img/social-share-icon.png)   ![ ](/Assets/IMF/blog/img/svg/x.svg)

[Gita Bhatt](https://www.imf.org/en/Blogs/authors?author=Gita Bhatt)

June 2, 2022

The rare confluence of geopolitical, economic, and technological forces now confronting the world may reverberate for generations.

The war in Ukraine is thrusting us into a fraught period of geopolitical realignment, supply disruptions, food and energy insecurity, and more volatile financial markets. These shocks could shake social and political stability in some countries while weakening the ability of the world as a whole to confront its foremost long-term challenge, climate change.

[Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/Shifting-geopolitical-tectonic-plates-straight-talk), the IMF’s chief economist, describes a sudden geopolitical shift that reveals hidden underlying fault lines. He warns of a world fragmenting into “distinct economic blocs with different ideologies, political systems, technology standards, cross-border payment and trade systems, and reserve currencies.”

Accordingly, with this [issue of F&D](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd) we convene respected thought leaders to help us understand these trends—all playing out amid a slowing global recovery, rising inflation, deglobalization, and shrinking policymaking space—and how we can best respond.

The war poses the most immediate risk. [Nicholas Mulder](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/the-sanctions-weapon-mulder) argues that sanctions against Russia have unprecedented consequences that should prompt a rethink of their use as a weapon of economic warfare. [Giovanni Peri](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/investing-in-refugees-cafe-economics) discusses the economic impact of refugees fleeing Ukraine. Our “ [Picture This](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/war-fuels-food-crisis-picture)” series depicts the food crisis that threatens millions with hunger. Other contributors see soaring war-induced energy prices as a chance to spur the transition to green energy. And while some predict that geopolitical competition and new technologies will end the dollar’s dominance of international finance, [Eswar Prasad](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/enduring-preeminence-eswar-prasad) argues the opposite: the dollar will become more entrenched as the global go-to currency.

A more fragmented world, says Singapore’s [Tharman Shanmugaratnam](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/confronting-a-perfect-long-storm-tharman-shanmugaratnam), makes greater investment in global public goods even more urgent—an effort he argues will require unprecedented public-private collaboration and a stronger, more effective multilateralism.

There is hope. As historian [Patricia Clavin](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/turbulence-and-the-lessons-of-history-patricia-clavin) reminds us, turbulent times can energize actors and ideas that can lead to new and better modes of cooperation. The overriding priority, as Shanmugaratnam explains, is to “accommodate a multipolar world without becoming more polarized.”

Elsewhere in this issue, [Raj Chetty and Nathanial Hendren](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/ensuring-the-american-dream-chetty-hendren) discuss how to increase the upward economic mobility of low-income youth; [Barry Eichengreen](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/covid-19-and-trust-among-the-young-aksoy-eichengreen-saka) and others write on the erosion of trust among the young; [Noam Angrist](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/what-the-pandemic-taught-educators-angrist) talks about learning lost during the pandemic; and [Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/basic-skills-gap-hanushek-woessmann) discuss why the basic skills gap means meeting the SDGs is still a faraway goal. We also profile [Harvard’s Melissa Dell](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2022/06/going-the-distance-people-in-economics).

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