Come riconoscere un Bombo | Museo di Zoologia - La Sapienza
I Bombi sono insetti appartenenti alla famiglia delle Api, si presentano come vistosi, grandi e rumorosi. Questi insetti sono impollinatori di importanza ...
link
Il Museo di Zoologia, in collaborazione con il Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “C. Darwin” e con il Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale di Verona, ha sviluppato la chiave interattiva BumbleKey, per l’identificazione dei Bombi Italiani. Questa applicazione, raggiungibile al seguente <anchor>link</anchor>, è programmata per essere flessibile, pratica e di facile utilizzo, ciò può essere utile ad accrescere l’interesse per le api e per facilitare altri ambiti di studio come l’Ecologia, la conservazione ecc.
BumbleKey WEB - Interactive Key
BumbleKey WEB - Interactive Key

![](images\bumblekeyscritta_logo.png)**Key to the bumblebees of Italy**![](images\bottoni_instructions.jpg)[![](images\bottone_morphologia.jpg)](glossary_bumblekey.html)![](images\bottone_bibliografia.jpg)![](images\bottoni_howtocite.jpg)     click on names to access further information


### **![image](images\bumblekey_big.png)**

This is an open access web-application.


If you publish results obtained using this application, you should cite the data paper
describing it:

_Cappellari A., Mei M., Lopresti M., Cerretti P., 2018. Bumblekey – an interactive key for the identification of bumblebees of Italy and Corsica_



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![](images\btn_regions.jpg)

Alps

Apennine mountains

Italian islands

Tuscan Archipelago, Sardinia and Corsica

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[![](images\bottone1_pattern.jpg)](#GO1)[![](images\bottone2_head.jpg)](#GO11)[![](images\bottone3_mesosoma.jpg)](#GO31)[![](images\bottone4_metasoma.jpg)](#GO39)

The most selective characters are highlighted in green

1 **FACE AND CLYPEUS HAIR COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('001A','') "pictures linked") pale (yellow, red or white)[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('001B','') "pictures linked") dark (black or brown) [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('001C','') "pictures linked") dark face, pale clypeus [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('001D','') "pictures linked") pale face, dark clypeus2 **UPPERSIDE OF THE HEAD (VERTEX) HAIR COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('002A','') "pictures linked") dark[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('002B','') "pictures linked") pale3 **BANDS ON MESOSOMA**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003A','') "pictures linked") absent, black mesosoma [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003B','') "pictures linked") absent, red, orange or brown mesosoma[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003C','') "pictures linked") absent, yellow mesosoma[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003D','') "pictures linked") an anterior yellow band[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003E','') "pictures linked") a posterior yellow band[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003F','') "pictures linked") two bands (anterior and posterior), yellow[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('003G','') "pictures linked") two bands (anterior and posterior), white4 **MESOPLEURAE MAIN COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('004A','') "pictures linked") dark[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('004B','') "pictures linked") yellow[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('004C','') "pictures linked") red/orange[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('004D','') "pictures linked") white or whitish5 **WING COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('005A','') "pictures linked") dark [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('005B','') "pictures linked") pale6 **HIND TIBIA CUTICLE COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('006A','') "pictures linked") black [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('006B','') "pictures linked") red or reddish7 **HIND TIBIA HAIRS COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('007A','') "pictures linked") dark [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('007B','') "pictures linked") red or reddish [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('007C','') "pictures linked") dark and pale hairs mixed [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('007D','') "pictures linked") dark with pale tips [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('007E','') "pictures linked") all pale8 **BANDS ON METASOMA**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('008A','') "pictures linked") absent [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('008B','') "pictures linked") pale band on T1 [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('008C','') "pictures linked") pale band on T2 [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('008D','') "pictures linked") pale band on T1 and (at least the anterior part of) T29 **METASOMAL TERGITES 4-7 MAIN COLOUR**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('009A','') "pictures linked") black [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('009B','') "pictures linked") white [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('009C','') "pictures linked") red, orange or brown [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('009D','') "pictures linked") yellow10 **METASOMAL TERGITES 4-7 COLOUR ARRANGEMENT**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('010A','') "pictures linked") pale colour continuous on the tergites [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('010B','') "pictures linked") pale colour interrupted in the middle of one or more tergite11 **\[FEMALE\] ANTENNAE: A3-A5 ANTENNOMERES**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('011A','') "pictures linked") A3 as long as or longer than A4 + A5[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('011B','') "pictures linked") A3 shorter than A4 + A512 **\[FEMALE\] ANTENNAE: A3 ANTENNOMERE RATIO**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('012A','') "pictures linked") A3 at most as long than 2x its distal width (<=2:1) [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('012B','') "pictures linked") A3 clearly longer than 2x its distal width (>2:1)13 **\[MALE\] ANTENNAE: MEDIAN ANTENNOMERES (A5-A9)**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('013A','') "pictures linked") crylindrical[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('013B','') "pictures linked") obviously curved[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('013C','') "pictures linked") curved and ventrally swollen14 **\[MALE\] EYE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('014A','') "pictures linked") enlarged, bulbous[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('014B','') "pictures linked") normal15 **\[FEMALE\] OCELLO-OCULAR AREA: SCULPTURE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('015A','') "pictures linked") intermixed small and large punctures [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('015B','') "pictures linked") a distinct patch of several (about 30), very fine, punctures among the small and large punctures intermixed [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('015C','') "pictures linked") prevalence of small and dense punctures16 **\[FEMALE\] OCELLO-OCULAR AREA: UNPUNCTURED AND SHINING AREAS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('016A','') "pictures linked") occupies ¼ or less of the distance between lateral ocellus and the inner margin of the eye[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('016B','') "pictures linked") occupies at least half of the distance between lateral ocellus and the inner margin of the eye17 **\[FEMALE\] OCULO-MALAR AREA**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('017A','') "pictures linked") much shorter than broad (about 0.5x) [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('017B','') "pictures linked") shorter than broad [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('017C','') "pictures linked") about as long as broad (approximately square) [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('017D','') "pictures linked") longer than broad[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('017E','') "pictures linked") much longer than broad (>=1.5x)18 **\[MALE\] OCULO-MALAR AREA**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('018A','') "pictures linked") broader than long[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('018B','') "pictures linked") about as broad as long[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('018C','') "pictures linked") longer than broad19 **\[FEMALE\] CLYPEUS: SHAPE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('019A','') "pictures linked") strongly swollen and bulging in its posterior half; anterior half flat or nearly concave [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('019B','') "pictures linked") weakly and evenly swollen or nearly flat throughout20 **\[FEMALE\] LABRUM: OVERALL SHAPE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('020A','') "pictures linked") subtriangular[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('020B','') "pictures linked") subrectangular21 **\[FEMALE\] LABRUM: MEDIAN FURROW AND LATERAL TUBERCLE, OVERALL SHAPE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('021A','') "pictures linked") tubercles flat, not protruding, median furrow absent[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('021B','') "pictures linked") tubercles flat, barely protruding, median furrow shallow but well defined[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('021C','') "pictures linked") tubercles barely protruding, median furrow narrow and ill defined[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('021D','') "pictures linked") tubercles protruding, median furrow deep, well defined[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('021E','') "pictures linked") tubercles protruding medially, deeply impressed in their lateral half, median furrow deep and well defined22 **\[FEMALE\] LABRUM: MEDIAN FURROW**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('022A','') "pictures linked") absent [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('022B','') "pictures linked") very large, about 1/2 of the labrum width [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('022C','') "pictures linked") large, about 1/3 of the labrum width [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('022D','') "pictures linked") relatively narrow, shorter than 1/3 of the labrum width [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('022E','') "pictures linked") very narrow, about 1/5 of the labrum width23 **\[FEMALE\] LABRUM: LAMELLA SHAPE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('023A','') "pictures linked") triangular[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('023B','') "pictures linked") almost straight[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('023C','') "pictures linked") more or less rounded24 **\[FEMALE\] LABRUM: LAMELLA DIMENSIONS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('024A','') "pictures linked") longer than 1/2 of the labrum width[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('024B','') "pictures linked") as long as 1/2 of the labrum width[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('024C','') "pictures linked") about as long as 1/3 of the labrum width[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('024D','') "pictures linked") shorter than 1/3 of the labrum width25 **\[FEMALE\] MANDIBLE: SHAPE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('025A','') "pictures linked") distal margin strongly oblique[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('025B','') "pictures linked") distal margin forming a right angle with the longitudinal axis26 **\[FEMALE\] MANDIBLE: NUMBER OF TEETH**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('026A','') "pictures linked") 2 or 3 [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('026B','') "pictures linked") 5 or 627 **\[FEMALE\] MANDIBLE: ANTERIOR KEEL**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('027A','') "pictures linked") reaching and continuous with the distal margin[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('027B','') "pictures linked") reaching at least half way to distal margin, sometimes ending very close but never continuous to it[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('027C','') "pictures linked") poorly developed, not even reaching half way to the margin28 **\[FEMALE\] MANDIBLE: SULCUS OBLIQUUS (POSTERIOR GROOVE)**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('028A','') "pictures linked") absent [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('028B','') "pictures linked") present, more or less marked29 **\[FEMALE\] MANDIBLE: INCISURA (DISTAL NOTCH)**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('029A','') "pictures linked") absent [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('029B','') "pictures linked") present, deep, separating a strong, well defined posterior tooth[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('029C','') "pictures linked") present, shallow or very shallow, separating an ill defined posterior tooth30 **\[MALE\] MANDIBLE: 'BEARD'**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('030A','') "pictures linked") poorly developed, nearly absent[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('030B','') "pictures linked") well developed, black or dark brown [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('030C','') "pictures linked") well developed, brown or golden yellow31 **\[FEMALE\] MID BASITARSUS: DISTAL POSTERIOR CORNER**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('031A','') "pictures linked") with a strong and sharp tooth (about 45° or less) or a long spine[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('031B','') "pictures linked") acutely pointed (more than 45°), but without forming a tooth or spine[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('031C','') "pictures linked") more or less broadly but clearly rounded32 **\[FEMALE\] MID BASITARSUS: ERECT HAIRS ON THE OUTER SURFACE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('032A','') "pictures linked") a well defined proximal tuft of longer hairs (as long or longer than the distal width of the basitarsus) [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('032B','') "pictures linked") tuft of longer hairs absent, hairs short and even on the whole surface33 **\[FEMALE\] HIND TIBIA: OUTER SURFACE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('033A','') "pictures linked") strongly and uniformly convex, and uniformly densely covered with moderate to long stout hairs throughout; long hairs present, but not forming a distinct fringe[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('033B','') "pictures linked") broad, almost flat, most of the outer surface (at least the distal half) without moderate to long hairs; fringe of long hairs present on anterior and posterior margin34 **\[MALE\] HIND TIBIA: OUTER SURFACE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('034A','') "pictures linked") at most the proximal third more or less covered with hairs[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('034B','') "pictures linked") proximal half covered with hairs[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('034C','') "pictures linked") only about the distal third bare[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('034D','') "pictures linked") the whole surface unevenly covered with hairs[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('034E','') "pictures linked") the whole surface densely clothed with mostly branched hairs35 **\[FEMALE\] HIND TIBIA: CORBICULA**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('035A','') "pictures linked") absent[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('035B','') "pictures linked") present, its surface coarsely sculptured, matt, not shining, with long stout hairs in the middle of the proximal half [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('035C','') "pictures linked") present, its surface shining, with a few (2 or 3) long, stout hairs in its proximal half[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('035D','') "pictures linked") present, its surface shining, with many short and thin hairs throughout its proximal half[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('035E','') "pictures linked") present, its surface shining, with a few short and thin hairs scattered in its proximal half [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('035F','') "pictures linked") present, its surface weakly sculptured or smooth, shining, without hairs36 **\[MALE\] HIND TIBIA: POSTERIOR FRINGE HAIRS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('036A','') "pictures linked") shorter than the maximum width of the tibia[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('036B','') "pictures linked") at least some of the hairs as long or longer than the maximum width of the tibia37 **\[FEMALE\] HIND BASITARSUS: PROXIMAL POSTERIORLY-DIRECTED PROCESS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('037A','') "pictures linked") absent [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('037B','') "pictures linked") broad and blunt, shorter than its breadth[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('037C','') "pictures linked") narrow and pointed, longer than its breadth proximally where it joins the basitarsus38 **\[FEMALE\] HIND BASITARSUS: LENGTH OF POSTERIOR FRINGE'S HAIRS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('038A','') "pictures linked") as long or longer than the maximum basitarsus width [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('038B','') "pictures linked") shorter than the maximum basitarsus width39 **METASOMAL TERGITE 6 (T6)**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('039A','') "pictures linked") without keels or other remarkable features; apex more or less rounded or truncated, never notched [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('039B','') "pictures linked") apex notched, the notch more or less V shaped [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('039C','') "pictures linked") with a hairless, circular and slightly raised area, well delimited by pubescence; apex truncated or notched [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('039D','') "pictures linked") with a longitudinal keel [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('039E','') "pictures linked") transversally folded in its apical third, with or without a longitudinal keel40 **METASOMAL STERNITE 2 (S2)**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('040A','') "pictures linked") slightly bulging between the anterior and posterior margins in a weak rounded transversal ridge [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('040B','') "pictures linked") flat between the anterior and posterior margins, without ridge41 **METASOMAL STERNITE 6 (S6): KEELS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041A','') "pictures linked") keels (median or ventro-lateral) absent; sternum may be 'roof-shaped', with the bend more or less sharp or marked, but without forming a true keel[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041B','') "pictures linked") a strong, conspicuous longitudinal median keel present[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041C','') "pictures linked") ventro-lateral keels large, thick, converging toward the apex in a V shape [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041D','') "pictures linked") ventro-lateral keels large, evenly rounded, converging medially in a U shape at a distance from apex[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041E','') "pictures linked") ventro-lateral keels large, thin, sharply produced laterally and visible from dorsal view projecting beyond T6 [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041F','') "pictures linked") ventro-lateral keels medially well separated, tapering distally and converging toward apex in a loose V shape [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041G','') "pictures linked") ventro-lateral keels small, poorly developed, merging medially and toward apex in a small median ridge; external callosities angled [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('041H','') "pictures linked") ventro-lateral keels small, poorly developed, merging medially and toward apex in a small median ridge; external callosities rounded, hardly produced 42 **\[MALE\] VOLSELLA AND GONOSTYLUS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('042A','') "pictures linked") weakly sclerotized, pale yellowish contrasting with dark, sclerotized gonocoxa[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('042B','') "pictures linked") strongly sclerotized, dark43 **\[MALE\] VOLSELLA, DORSAL VIEW**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('043A','') "pictures linked") almost entirely covered by gonostylus, only the very apex projecting beyond it[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('043B','') "pictures linked") projecting beyond gonostylus by about the volsellar breadth at that point [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('043C','') "pictures linked") widely projecting beyond gonostylus44 **\[MALE\] VOLSELLA: OVERALL SHAPE**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('044A','') "pictures linked") long and narrow, slightly curved, fingerlike[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('044B','') "pictures linked") subtriangular, apex pointed[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('044C','') "pictures linked") subtriangular, apex blunt, rounded[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('044D','') "pictures linked") short, narrowly triangular, apex sharply pointed and strongly curved inward[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('044E','') "pictures linked") apex truncated and more or less notched, inner edge often with small teeth[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('044F','') "pictures linked") bifurcated apex45 **\[MALE\] VOLSELLA: PROCESS OF THE INNER MARGIN**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045A','') "pictures linked") absent[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045B','') "pictures linked") in the distal part, appearing as a blunt process, with its margin irregularly denticulate[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045C','') "pictures linked") in the distal part, appearing as a tooth or as a more or less strong, recurved and flattened hook[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045D','') "pictures linked") in the distal part, long recurved and forked[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045E','') "pictures linked") at about midpoint, long and slender (3 or 4 times longer of its width)[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045F','') "pictures linked") at about midpoint, a strong, pointed, forward recurved tooth[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('045G','') "pictures linked") at about midpoint, distally broadened and truncated, more or less bidentate to clearly forked46 **\[MALE\] GONOSTYLUS, DORSAL VIEW**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046A','') "pictures linked") triangular (with a submarginal longitudinal groove on the inner margin)[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046B','') "pictures linked") transverse (broader than long) to about as long as broad[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046C','') "pictures linked") longer than broad[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046D','') "pictures linked") longer than broad, with a longitudinal groove on the inner margin[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046E','') "pictures linked") longer than broad, with inner surface widely and deeply concave, bowl shaped[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046F','') "pictures linked") longer than broad, with concave inner margin and pointed distal corner[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('046G','') "pictures linked") very wide, concave, curved inward and downward, ear shaped47 **\[MALE\] GONOSTYLUS: INNER PROCESS**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047A','') "pictures linked") absent or inconspicuous [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047B','') "pictures linked") small, short, an acute tooth or almost triangular or finger like [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047C','') "pictures linked") large, a long, slender spine [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047D','') "pictures linked") large, a pointed, more or less wide and flattened triangle [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047E','') "pictures linked") an incurved, distally enlarged, concave, spoon or bowl shaped lamella [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047F','') "pictures linked") long, triangular, more or less deeply and narrowly forked, the posterior spine of the fork only slightly sclerotized in some species [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047G','') "pictures linked") long, strongly recurved back toward the gonostylus, its apex forked or flattened and axe like, ending in two sharp points [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('047H','') "pictures linked") a pointed process variable in shape and length, but always covered with many branched hairs48 **\[MALE\] PENIS VALVE: HEAD, DORSAL VIEW**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048A','') "pictures linked") straight, more or less pointed [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048B','') "pictures linked") straight, parallel sided, its ventral outer edge with a row of strong and irregular teeth [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048C','') "pictures linked") somewhat enlarged outward, outer edge rounded or ending in a point [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048D','') "pictures linked") somewhat enlarged outward, outer edge with many minute teeth [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048E','') "pictures linked") curved inward, angled as a barbed arrow head[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048F','') "pictures linked") curved inward as a broad and flattened, sickle shaped hook [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048G','') "pictures linked") broadly enlarged, the inward curved part concave, spoon like; the outward curved flange bidentate [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048H','') "pictures linked") curved outward, flattened, axe like [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('048I','') "pictures linked") strongly flattened and enlarged dorsoventrally, widely flared outward49 **\[MALE\] PENIS VALVE: SHAFT**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('049A','') "pictures linked") without a median ventral tooth or projection[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('049B','') "pictures linked") with a ventral angle near midpoint[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('049C','') "pictures linked") with median ventral, often strong, triangular tooth[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('049D','') "pictures linked") strongly enlarged and flattened in its proximal half, with a ventral, tri or quadridentate subapical projection[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('049E','') "pictures linked") strongly flattened and enlarged dorsoventrally50 **\[MALE\] GONOCOXA: APEX, DORSAL VIEW**[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('050A','') "pictures linked") narrowly pointed[pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('050B','') "pictures linked") fingerlike [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('050C','') "pictures linked") broadly truncated, subquadrate [pictures linked](javascript:__doPostBack('050D','') "pictures linked") truncated and more or less produced inward

**SELECTED**
**ATTRIBUTES:**