Marte, i progetti per l'esplorazione del pianeta rosso nei prossimi ...
Servono nuovi orbiter​​ Si tratta dei satelliti lasciati in orbita dalle missioni Mars Odyssey, Mars Reconnaissance Obriter, e Maven, che vengono ...
un workshop dedicato al tema
Si tratta comunque di ottime notizie per la comunità scientifica, che da tempo è interessata alla possibilità di organizzare missioni dai costi contenuti dirette su Marte. Che permetterebbero sia di lavorare su più fronti contemporaneamente, sia di immaginare missioni più rischiose, avendo in ballo meno soldi dei contribuenti di cui rendere conto. Come riporta Science, qualche esempio ce lo offrono i progetti proposti lo scorso anno nel corso di <anchor>un workshop dedicato al tema</anchor>, che ha visto la partecipazione di oltre 400 scienziati, e la presentazione di 39 possibili missioni. Tra queste troviamo orbiter dedicati allo studio dei venti, del clima o della gravità marziana, elicotteri autonomi, sullo stile di Ingenuity, con a bordo strumenti per lo studio della geologia, e micro-lander da indirizzare ai poli del pianeta, per studiare e mappare i depositi acqua presenti.
**Low-Cost**
**Science Mission Concepts for Mars Exploration**

**March 29–31, 2022**

**Pasadena, California**

**Program**

**Times listed are Pacific Daylight**
**Time (PDT).** [**Time Zone Converter**](https://www.worldtimebuddy.com/?qm=1&lid=8,5,1850147,100&h=8&date=2022-1-11&sln=8.5-18&hf=1)

8:30
a.m. PDT

9:30
a.m. MDT

10:30
a.m. CDT

11:30
a.m. EDT

5:30
p.m. CEST

**Tuesday, March 29, 2022**

8:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Welcome](#sess101)

8:45 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Mars Science Goals for Low-Cost Missions](#sess102)

10:15 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Programmatic Perspectives](#sess103)

1:00 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Lessons Learned in Low-Cost Mission Implementation](#sess151)

2:45 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Contributed Talks I](#sess152)

4:30 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Lightning Talks for Day 1 Poster Session](#sess153)

5:00 p.m.

Fountain Foyer

[Poster Session Day 1](#sess161)

**Wednesday, March 30, 2022**

8:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Low-Cost Transportation to Mars](#sess201)

9:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Contributed Talks II](#sess202)

1:00 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Challenge of the Surface](#sess251)

1:45 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Contributed Talks III](#sess252)

3:30 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[NASA Technology Investments](#sess253)

4:30 p.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Lightning Talks for Day 2 Poster Session](#sess254)

5:00 p.m.

Fountain Foyer

[Poster Session Day 2](#sess261)

**Thursday, March 31, 2022**

8:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Commercial Innovation for Low-Cost Missions](#sess301)

9:30 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Cost Models for Low-Cost Missions](#sess302)

10:15 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Contributed Talks IV](#sess303)

11:15 a.m.

Fountain Ballroom

[Closing Session](#sess304)

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**WELCOME**

**8:30**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**Times**

**Panel Member**

**Moderators**

8:30 a.m.

Eric Ianson

Chad Edwards

Shannon Curry

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**MARS**
**SCIENCE GOALS FOR LOW-COST MISSIONS**

**8:45**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Perspectives on the potential role of low-cost missions in_**
**_addressing Mars science objectives, including views from the Mars Exploration_**
**_Program Analysis Group and the recent Mars Architecture Strategy Working Group._**

**Times**

**Panel Members**

**Moderators**

8:45 a.m.

Don Banfield

Aileen Yingst

Bruce Jakosky

Wendy Calvin

Alfonso Davila

Claire Newman

Rich Zurek

10:00 a.m.

BREAK

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**PROGRAMMATIC**
**PERSPECTIVES**

**10:15**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Programmatic_**
**_views on the roles of low-cost missions in a future Mars exploration portfolio._**

**Chair:Chad Edwards**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**Abstract Title**
**and Summary**

10:15 a.m.

Parrish J. \*

_Mars Exploration Program Office_

10:27 a.m.

Rucker M. A. \*

[_Role_\
_of Low-Cost Missions in Preparing for Human Mars Exploration_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5070.pdf) **\[#5070\]** Developing an
enterprise-level architecture encompassing future human-robotic science and
exploration at the Moon and Mars requires a visionary approach to ensure NASA
is responsive to national priorities and global science and technology
advancement objectives.

10:39 a.m.

Davis R. M. \*Collom B.Viotti M.Kelley M.

[_International_\
_Mars Ice Mapper Mission:A_\
_Reconnaissance Mission for the Human Exploration of Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5071.pdf) **\[#5071\]** An overview of the International Mars Ice Mapper mission, which
would detect the location, depth, spatial extent, and abundance of
near-surface water ice, as well as the geotechnical characteristics of
its overburden.

10:51 a.m.

Culbert C. J. \*

[_CLPS:Commercial Lunar Payload_\
_Services (CLPS)_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5073.pdf) **\[#5073\] [Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/10-Culbert.pptx)** Discussion of the CLPS
program using commercial services to deliver to the Moon.

11:03 a.m.

DISCUSSION

11:30 a.m.

LUNCH

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**LESSONS LEARNED**
**IN LOW-COST MISSION IMPLEMENTATION**

**1:00**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Interactive_**
**_discussion on the challenges and success strategies for executing low-cost_**
**_missions._**

**Times**

**Panel Members**

**Moderator**

1:00 p.m.

Rob
Lillis

Bethany
Ehlmann

Craig
Hardgrove

Joel
Krajewski

Bob
Balaram

Bruce
Jakosky

Shannon Curry

2:25 p.m.

BREAK

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**CONTRIBUTED**
**TALKS I**

**2:45**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Strategic_**
**_Mars Science Questions; Low-Cost Mars Mission Concepts_**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**_Abstract Title and Summary_**

2:45 p.m.

Fraeman A. A. \*Rapin W.Bapst J.Matthies L. H.Ehlmann B. L.Golombek M. P.Langlais B.Lillis R. J.Mittelholz A.Weiss B. P.Chmielewski A. B.Delaune J.Izraelevitz J. S.Sklyanskyi E.

[_Science_\
_Enabled by Aerial Explorers:Addressing Outstanding Questions in the Martian Geological Record_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5045.pdf) **\[#5045\]** A standalone Mars Science Helicopter could address questions
about terrestrial planetary evolution. This asset could land using Mid-Air
Helicopter Delivery, which would reduce EDL system complexity and cost.

3:00 p.m.

Montabone L. \*Heavens N. G.Guzevich S. D.Cardesin-Moinelo A.

[_Mars_\
_Weather Monitoring from Orbit:A_\
_Low-Cost Scenario_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5056.pdf) **\[#5056\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/08-Montabone.pptx)** We present a strategic Mars
science objective well-suited to investigation via a low-cost, SmallSat constellation mission:weather monitoring.

3:15 p.m.

Sori M. M. \*Ermakov A. I.Keane J. T.Bierson C. J.Bills B. G.Bramson A. M.D’Amico S.Evans A. J.Hemingway D. J.Izquierdo K.James P. B.Johnson B. C.Kahre M. A.Navarro T.O’Rourke J. G.Ojha L.Paik H. J.Park R. S.Simons M.Smith D. E.Smrekar S. E.Soderlund K. M.Steinbrügge G.Tikoo S. M.Vance S. D.Wagner N. L.Weber R. C.Zebker H. A.

[_Compelling_\
_Science Enabled by Gravity Investigations at Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5034.pdf) **\[#5034\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/09-Sori.pptx)** We identify compelling
questions in geodynamics and climate that could be realistically addressed by
the acquisition of new gravity data at Mars. We will discuss which of these
scientific questions could plausibly be addressed by low-cost missions.

3:30 p.m.

Guzewich S. D. \*Heavens N. G.Montabone L.Lillis R.Barba N.Wooley R.Tamppari L.Abshire J. B.Smith M. D.Cremons D.

[_PAWSS:Polar-Orbiting Atmospheric Wind_\
_Small Satellite_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5035.pdf) **\[#5035\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/10-Guzewich.pptx)** Martian winds / Scientist’s
best friend / From small-sats.

3:45 p.m.

Heavens N. G. \*Montabone L.Lillis R.Guzewich S.Barba N.Wooley R.

[_AreostatioNary_ _Exploration of Meteorology by Orbital_\
_Imaging (ANEMOI):A Low Cost Concept_\
_for Monitoring Martian Weather_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5013.pdf) **\[#5013\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/11a-Heavens.pptx)** Our goal at Mars is to unite the circulation with accumulation,
as my two eyes make one in sight.

4:00 p.m.

Hayne P. O. \*Byrne S.Smith I. B.Banfield D.Barba N.Giersch L.

[_Advancing_\
_Mars Polar Science with Micro-Landers_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5058.pdf) **\[#5058\]** Key questions in Mars polar
science can be addressed using small payloads deployed to the surface of the
polar layered deposits, which record climate variations over the last several
million years.

4:15 p.m.

BREAK

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**LIGHTNING**
**TALKS FOR DAY 1 POSTER SESSION**

**4:30**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Presenters for the Day 1 Poster_**
**_Session will Present 1-Minute/1-Slide Previews of Their Posters._**

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)

**Tuesday,**
**March 29, 2022**

**POSTER**
**SESSION:POSTER SESSION DAY 1**

**5:00**
**p.m.Fountain Foyer**

**Authors (\*Denotes Presenter)**

**_Abstract Title and Summary_**

Bramble M. S.Hand K. P.

[_Consideration_\
_of the Martian Chloride Salt-Bearing Deposits as a Target for a Low-Cost_\
_Science Mission_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5064.pdf) **\[#5064\]** We consider science objectives and measurement requirements for a
low-cost mission to the martian chloride salt-bearing deposits.

Battalio J. M.

[_Opportunities_\
_for Constraining Mars’s Atmospheric Dynamics with Both Surface Networks and a_\
_Martian Satellite Fleet_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5062.pdf) **\[#5062\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/02-Battalio.pdf)** Surface observation networks
and satellite arrays can provide the next leap in our understanding of Mars’s
atmospheric dynamics. Given the age of current orbiters, we must push for new
assets to ensure gaps in the atmospheric record are minimized.

Thiemann E. M. B.Eparvier F. G.

[_Simple_\
_UV Photometers for Solar and Stellar Occultations of the Mars_\
_Upper Atmosphere_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5028.pdf) **\[#5028\]** Solar and stellar occultations provide direct measurements of
atmospheric density. UV photometers significantly reduce instrument
complexity and SWAP as compared to traditional spectrograph instruments.

Parfitt C. E.McSweeney A. G.Ball A. J.Orgel C.Khan M.Vijendran S.

[_Low Cost_ _Missions to Mars Studies at ESA_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5014.pdf) **\[#5014\]** There is interest at ESA to
assess the possibility of implementing low cost missions to Mars in the late
2020s. Several studies to assess potential mission architectures that meet
the criteria for a low cost Mars mission
are presented.

Todd C.Espley J.Bowens R.Cacciottolo L.Chattrabhuti M.Cruz S.Festa A.Glait R.May R.McDougall J.Prober E.Schachter J.Wich J.Gruesbeck J.Guzewich S.

[_Mars-BARS_\
_(Balloon for Aerial Regional-Scale Science):A Proposed Martian Aerial Platform Mission_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5038.pdf) **\[#5038\]** Mars-BARS is a proposed regional-scale study of Mars. A mission
of this type and scale fills a gap between the local- and planetary-scale
science. The aerial platform for this mission has been selected to be a
balloon through a rigorous trade study.

Engler S. T.Idota T.

[_Inexpensive_\
_Planetary Lava Tube Sky Light Lander and Exploration Drone_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5067.pdf) **\[#5067\]** We propose a primitive
concept of a small low-cost lander and exploration drone for lava tubes which
can be attached to any upcoming exploration probes to Mars and the Moon. We
hope to connect with those with expertise to help move project forward.

Arruego I.Genzer M.Apéstigue V.Martínez-Oter J.Gonzalo A.Hieta M.Camañes C.Haukka H.González-Guerrero M.de Pedraza A.Kestila A.Sard I.Ortega C.Guerrero H.Domínguez-Pumar M.Espejo S.Ceballos J.Palin M.Kivekäs J.Koskimaa P.Rodriguez-Manfredi J. A.Talvioja M.

[_Miniature_\
_Sensors Packages and Delivery System for Mars Exploration_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5029.pdf) **\[#5029\]** We describe a 25kg-penetrator carrying 5kg of scientific payload,
aimed at deploying a network of environmental stations on Mars. EDL concept,
structure, main system budgets and sensors will be presented. The project has
been funded by an ESA TRP.

Putzig N. E.Bernardini F.Morgan G. A.Sizemore H. G.Clark R. N.Perry M. R.Sidney W. P.Abbud-Madrid A.Pelella A. V.

[_Prospecting_\
_for Resources at Human Landing Sites on Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5065.pdf) **\[#5065\]** We present a mission concept
for rapidly implementing a Mars resource-prospecting orbiter to address
uncertainties regarding buried ice and hydrated minerals using instruments
and a spacecraft bus already at high technology readiness levels.

Stuurman C.

[_COMPANION_\
_Smallsat RADAR Sounder for Mars_\
_Subsurface Imaging_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5018.pdf) **\[#5018\]** This abstract describes a low-cost mission concept for a high
bandwidth, P-band, smallsat radar sounder intended
as a piggyback or rideshare for low-cost delivery to Mars for the purpose of
subsurface water ice detection.

Lee P.Riedel J. E.Jones-Wilson L. L.Bradford S. C.Gebara C. A.Jones-Wilson W.

[_GlobeTrotter_ _-Mars:All-Terrain Hopper for Mars Surface and Cave Exploration_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5059.pdf) **\[#5059\]** GlobeTrotter-Mars is a concept all-terrain hopper
for Mars surface and cave exploration. Four GT-Mars mission concepts are
presented:GTA to Aram Chaos, GTI to IusChasma in Valles Marineris, GTO to Oudemans
Crater, and GTP to volcanic pits in Tharsis.

Lillis R. J.Curry S. M.Ma Y. J.Curtis D. W.Taylor E. R.Parker J. S.Hara T.Luhmann J. G.Barjatya A.Larson D. E.Livi R.Whittlesey P.Modolo R.Harada Y.Fowler C. M.Xu S. S.Brain D. A.Withers P.Thiemann E. M. B.Mosleh E.Mandy C.

[_ESCAPADE:A Twin-Spacecraft SIMPLEX Mission to Unveil_\
_Mars’ Unique Hybrid Magnetosphere_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5012.pdf) **\[#5012\]** ESCAPADE is a twin-spacecraft low-cost mission to explore the
processes driving Mars’ hybrid magnetosphere. Enabled by tailored approaches
to risk management, vertical integration and contracting, ESCAPADE will
launch on a TBD rideshare in 2024.

Bills B. G.Gorski K. M.Lysek M. J.Mischna M. A.Park R. S.Paik H. J.Moody M. V.Collins C.Norton R. S.Richardson M. I.Lee C.

[_Gravitational_\
_Signatures of Seasonal Atmospheric Mass Transport on Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5017.pdf) **\[#5017\]** We propose a mission which
would accurately measure the gravitational signatures of seasonal atmospheric
mass transport on Mars, using a gravity gradiometer instrument, similar to one currently under development within the NASA
MatISSE program.

Kleinboehl A.Kass D.Piqueux S.Greybush S. J.Kenyon M. E.

[_Mars_\
_Climate CubeSat Constellation (MC3) — A Low-Cost Orbital Constellation for_\
_Atmospheric Profiling, Polar Science and Surface Thermophysics_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5037.pdf) **\[#5037\]** The Mars Climate CubeSat Constellation (MC3) is a concept of a
low-cost orbital constellation to investigate poorly characterized short-term
atmospheric and surface processes by providing global measurement coverage at
multiple local times.

Noell A. C.Boland J. S.Carpenter K. C.Karras J. T.McCormick R.Cooper M.Mandrake L.Castano R.Willis P. A.Mora M. F.Jaramillo E. A.Ferreira Santos M. S.Kaufman J. M.Lang J. A.Eby M. A.Davila A. F.Quinn R. C.Ricco A. J.

[_Large_\
_Mars Surface Chemistry Science in a Small Budget_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5041.pdf) **\[#5041\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/14-Noell.pptx)** The distribution of chlorine
species and abiotic organics are some of the Mars surface investigations
possible with a novel approach to low cost missions that make use of the MarsDropmicrolanders, microrovers and miniature instrumentation.

Andersson L.Bering E. A.

[_MARSCat_ _:Imaging of the Martian Ionosphere using a CubeSat Constellation_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5068.pdf) **\[#5068\]** The MarsCAT (Mars Array of ionospheric
Research Satellites forming the Constellation for Aeronomy and Tomography)
Mission is a multi 6U CubeSat mission to study the ionosphere of Mars.

Hobbs S. W.Lambert A.Ryan M. J.

[_Near-Space_\
_Testing of Low-Cost Remote Sensing Payload for Mars Applications_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5003.pdf) **\[#5003\]** Low-cost Raspberry Pi sensors
were tested in near-space and were able to return scientifically useful
results, indicating their utility for multispectral sensors for Mars.

Babu Mannam N. P.Kumar Duba P.Pachamuthu R.

[_Bioinspired_\
_Dragonfly Concept for Mars Exploration:Analogous to Mars Ingenuity Helicopter_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5007.pdf) **\[#5007\]** The dragonfly-based unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is designed and
developed which consists of a pair of forwarding and backward wings subjected
to heave and pitch motions producing maximum lift and thrust forces.

Mayyasi M.Erickson P.Lind F.Semeter J.Mazumder M.Knapp M.

[_An_\
_Energy-Efficient Incoherent Scatter Radar at Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5010.pdf) **\[#5010\]** We describe a lander-based
implementation for an energy-efficient incoherent scatter radar at Mars. This
instrument concept allows unique measurements of thermal properties of the
martian atmosphere in regions that orbiting spacecraft cannot explore.

Kereszturi A.Miyamoto H.Pal B.

[_Flock_\
_of Low Cost Microlanders to Survey Liquid Water_\
_Potential on Mars Along the Receding Polar Cap_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5030.pdf) **\[#5030\]** Chain of micro-landers used only parachute driven deceleration
could survey the temperature and humidity of the shallow subsurface zone on
Mars along the receding springtime seasonal water ice cap edge.

Campbell C. L.Smith C. L.Innanen A.Kloos J. L.Stone H.Benedix G.Meka S.Marrable D.Moores J. E.

[_MAPLE,_\
_a Simple Optical Meteorological Station for Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5031.pdf) **\[#5031\]** The Mars Atmospheric
Panoramic camera and Laser Experiment (MAPLE) is an optical meteorological
station for studying aerosols. Based on techniques from martian surface
missions it will have low power, data and cost to
optimize the returnable science.

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**LOW-COST TRANSPORTATION**
**TO MARS**

**8:30**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Panelists_**
**_will share industry and NASA perspectives on low-cost approaches to delivering_**
**_science missions to Mars, including piggyback, rideshare, and small launch_**
**_vehicle options._**

**Times**

**Panel Members**

**Moderator**

8:30 a.m.

Julianna Scheiman

Eric Salwan

Shaun Daly

Ryan Woolley

Nathan Barba

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**CONTRIBUTED**
**TALKS II**

**9:30**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Low-Cost_**
**_Mars Mission Concepts_**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**_Abstract Title and Summary_**

9:30 a.m.

Diniega S. \*Barba N.Giersch L.Jackson B.Soto A.Rafkin S.Swann C.Sullivan R.Banfield D.Fenton L.

[_Optimally-Sized_\
_Mission Concepts for Focused In-situ Studies of Planetary_\
_Surface-Atmosphere Interactions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5044.pdf) **\[#5044\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/05-Diniega.pptx)** Small landers provide / Great surface process studies / Over different scales.

9:45 a.m.

Stähler S. C. \*Panning M. P.Antonangeli D.Banerdt W. B.Banfield D.Banks M.Ceylan S.Charalambous C.Clinton J.Daubar I.Fernando B.Giardini D.Grott M.Horleston A.Hurst K.Kawamura T.Kim D.Knapmeyer M.Lorenz R.Margerin L.Marusiak A.Menina S.Mittelholz A.Murdoch N.Perrin C.Pike W. T.Schmelzbach C.Schmerr N.Schimmel M.Spiga A.Stott A.Taylor J.Weber R.

[_A_\
_Cerberus Fossae Seismic Network_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5024.pdf) **\[#5024\]** Cerberus Fossae is the region
of most significant tectonic activity in the InSight hemisphere, with a
potential recent history of volcanism and water. We propose a geophysical and
meteorological network of hard landers to unlock its secrets.

10:00 a.m.

Sapers H. M. \*Moores J. E.Grandmont F.Maisonneuve M.

[_The_\
_Martian Atmospheric Gas Evolution (MAGE) Experiment:High-Frequency Near-Surface Trace Gas_\
_Measurements on Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5050.pdf) **\[#5050\]** MAGE:autonomous surface
trace gas observatory capable of obtaining high-frequency sub-ppb
measurements with low resource requirements compatible with three mission
scenarios:(1)
primary landed payload; (2) lander-integrated; (3) Rover deployable.

10:15 a.m.

Smith I. B. \*Calvin W.Becerra P.Landis M.Byrne S.Hayne P.Bapst J.Chmielewski A. B.Delaune J.

[_Bifrost:Mars Polar Science Enabled by a_\
_Low-Cost Helicopter_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5066.pdf) **\[#5066\]** Mars Polar Science Helicopter
with low-cost vehicle and payload.

10:30 a.m.

BREAK

10:45 a.m.

Calvin W. M. \*Green R. O.Fraeman A. A.Ehlmann B. L.Horgan B. H. N.Seelos K. D.Murchie S. L.

[_Oasis:Exploring Surface Water Reservoirs with_\
_Next Generation Imaging Spectrometers_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5025.pdf) **\[#5025\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/08-Calvin.pdf)** Water is key to understanding
ancient and modern climate records. This mission concept explores and
quantifies, at high spatial resolution, the near-surface reservoirs of water
in hydrated minerals and volatile ices and their evolution through time.

11:00 a.m.

Malin M. \*Yee T.Jordan K.Roman M.Svitek T.Troy D.

[_Three_\
_Small Mars Missions Based on Common Spacecraft Systems:1\. Mars Stationary Orbiter (MSO)_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5048.pdf) **\[#5048\]** Mars Stationary Orbiter (MSO) makes sci obs
of surf/atmos and provides UHF relay for landed
assets. ESPA-sized S/C Rideshares to GTO, waits in cis-lunar space for TMI,
uses its bi-prop for TMI and MOI (?V ~ 3200 m/s). 1
S/C = $16M, 4 and ops $75M.

11:15 a.m.

Colaprete A. \*Cook A.Mauro D.Bookbinder J.Maryatt B.

[_Aeolus:A Mars Climate Mission_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5061.pdf) **\[#5061\]** Aeolus is a small satellite
mission to observe surface and atmospheric forcing and general circulation of
Mars, by measuring surface energy balance, atmospheric temperatures, aerosols
and clouds, and winds.

11:30 a.m.

Tamppari L. K. \*Livesey N. J.Chattopadhyay G.Barba N. J.Guzewich S.Kleinböhl A.

[_Scalable_\
_Mission Options for Measuring Winds and Water Vapor on Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5020.pdf) **\[#5020\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/11-Tamppari.pptx)** Wind and water vapor profiles in the martian atmosphere are
needed, high-priority measurements identified in many Mars program reports.
We provide instruments and several mission scenarios that would obtain one or
both of these measurements.

11:45 a.m.

LUNCH

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**CHALLENGE**
**OF THE SURFACE**

**1:00**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Landing_**
**_on Mars poses a particular challenge for low-cost missions; this panel examines_**
**_strategies for affordable access to the Martian surface._**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**Abstract Title**
**and Summary**

1:00 p.m.

R. Manning \*

_Where’s my money going? - What makes Mars_
_landers cost so much and what does it take to keep costs down?_

1:22 p.m.

A. Fraeman \*

_An Outbrief from the 2021 KISS Workshop: “Revolutionizing_
_Access to the Martian Surface”_

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**CONTRIBUTED**
**TALKS III**

**1:45**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Low-Cost_**
**_Mars Mission Concepts; Capabilities of Orbital and_**
**_Landed Small Spacecraft; Mission Design Approaches_**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**_Abstract Title and Summary_**

1:45 p.m.

Pagano T. S. \*Mischna M. A.Liuzzi G.

[_Hyperspectral_\
_Infrared Temperature Souding of Mars’ Atmosphere in_\
_a CubeSat_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5019.pdf) **\[#5019\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/03-Pagano.pdf)** Advancements in detector and optics technology allow
hyperspectral infrared measurements of Mars atmosphere to be made in a
CubeSat. As done on Earth, these measurements can improve weather prediction
on Mars and complement current observations.

2:00 p.m.

Giersch L. \*Barba N.Cormarkovic V.Delapierre M.Golombek M.Williams N.Woolley R.Lobbia M.Sklyanskiy E.Burke R.

[_SHIELD:A New Low-Cost Architecture for Delivering_\
_Science Payloads to the Surface of Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5042.pdf) **\[#5042\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/04-Giersch.pptx)** The Small, High Impact Energy
Landing Device (SHIELD) is being developed to demonstrate a new low-cost
architecture for delivering science payloads to the surface of Mars.

2:15 p.m.

Austin A. \*Lobbia M.Strauss B.Ravich J.Luthman L.Venkatapathy E.Wercinski P.

[_Drag_\
_Modulation Aerocapture Technology to Enable SmallSat_\
_Mars Orbiters_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5021.pdf) **\[#5021\]** Aerocapture can enable science at Mars with SmallSats
by using the drag of an atmospheric pass to reach orbit instead of large
amounts of propellant. Drag modulation flight control allows for an orbit to
be targeted in the presence of uncertainties.

2:30 p.m.

Benardini J. N. III \*Seasly E. E.Spry J. A.

[_Planetary_\
_Protection for Low-Cost Mars Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5063.pdf) **\[#5063\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/06-Benardini.pdf)** This presentation will
highlight planetary protection implementation strategies and issues for small
robotic missions, based on mission case studies, and include a focus on
NASA’s recently revised requirements document for planetary protection .

2:45 p.m.

Parker J. S. \*Ott C.Koehler A.Baskar S.Sullivan T. M.

[_The_\
_ESCAPADE Mission Design_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5072.pdf) **\[#5072\]** The Escape, Plasma and Acceleration Dynamics Explorers (ESCAPADE)
mission will send two spacecraft from a rideshare launch into a formation
about Mars. This paper describes the astrodynamics challenges and ESCAPADE’s
robust solution.

3:00 p.m.

Wercinski P. \*Venkatapathy E.

[_Enabling_\
_New and Innovative Low Cost Mars Science Missions with the Adaptable,_\
_Deployable, Entry and Placement Technology (ADEPT)_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5022.pdf) **\[#5022\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/08-Wercinski.pdf)** The Adaptable, Deployable,
Entry and Placement Technology (ADEPT) is a low ballistic coefficient
planetary entry system that employs an umbrella-like deployable structure to
serve as a hypersonic decelerator.

3:15 p.m.

BREAK

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**NASA**
**TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTS**

**3:30**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Panelists_**
**_will discuss NASA technology investments that can contribute towards enabling_**
**_low-cost Mars science missions._**

**Times**

**Panel Members**

**Moderator**

3:30 p.m.

Carolyn
Mercer

Christopher
Baker

John Baker

Michael Amato

Florence Tan

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**LIGHTNING**
**TALKS FOR DAY 2 POSTER SESSION**

**_Presenters_**
**_for the Day 2 Poster Session will Present 1-Minute/1-Slide Previews of Their_**
**_Posters._**

**4:30**
**p.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Presenters for the Day 2 Poster_**
**_Session will Present 1-Minute/1-Slide Previews of Their Posters._**

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)

**Wednesday,**
**March 30, 2022**

**POSTER**
**SESSION:POSTER SESSION DAY 2**

**5:00**
**p.m.Fountain Foyer**

**Authors (\*Denotes Presenter)**

**_Abstract Title and Summary_**

Putnam Z. R.Fawley D. M.

[_Drag_\
_Modulation Trajectory Control for Delivery of Low-Cost Mars Orbiters_\
_and Landers_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5060.pdf) **\[#5060\]** Drag modulation is well-suited to low-cost missions because it
provides good accuracy in a simple, mass-efficient package. We assess
trajectory control options for aerocapture and entry
drag modulation systems consistent with low-cost missions.

Deitrich N.Bayandor J.

[_A_\
_Multifunctional Tensegrity Rover Concept for Exploration of Extreme_\
_Martian Terrains_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5033.pdf) **\[#5033\]** The proposed concept is a
redesign of the Tension Adjustable Network for Deploying Entry Membrane
(TANDEM) tensegrity rover for a low-cost mission to Mars. Focus is on the
entry, descent, landing, and locomotion (EDLL).

Ramezani A.Sihite E.Devey S.Gharib M.

[_Efficient_\
_and Endured Aerial Mobility on Mars Using Novel Morphing Micro Aerial_\
_Vehicle Designs_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5051.pdf) **\[#5051\]** This work presents our recent efforts to use aerial drones for
Mars exploration.

Malin M.Yee T.Jordan K.Roman M.Svitek T.Troy D.

[_Three_\
_Small Mars Missions Based on Common Spacecraft Systems:3\. Mars Microlander/Rover_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5055.pdf) **\[#5055\]** Mars Microlander/Rover
is an ESPA-Grande-class S/C launched as a rideshare to GTO, uses a new,
all-propulsive EDL system, a 1.6 m areoshell, a 40
kg rover with 12 kg of modular sci pld. Pallet
lander w/ crushable nose. MER equivalent costs ? $300M.

Malin M.Yee T.Jordan K.Roman M.Svitek T.Troy D.

[_Three_\
_Small Mars Missions based on Common Spacecraft Systems:2\. Mars High Resolution Imager (MHRI)_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5052.pdf) **\[#5052\]** Mars High Resolution Imager (MHRI) takes 11 cm/pxl pan and 64 cm/pxl 4 color
12 x 6 km swaths in stereo. It takes 10 m/pxl IR
spectra between 1.2 µm and 6.3µm over 12 x 12 fields. Segmented 1 m mirror,
is f/8,7. Total Mission cost is $86M w reserves.

French R. T.Mosleh E.

[_Affordable,_\
_High Impact Mission Concepts for Mars with Rocket Lab Space Systems_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5043.pdf) **\[#5043\]** Rocket Lab provides frequent
and reliable access to space with electron and recently announced the neutron
medium lift launch vehicle. The Space Systems Division is expanding with
small spacecraft capable of delivering Decadal-class science.

Grasso C. A.Riedel R. E.

[_Cost_\
_Savings with AutoNav Self-Navigating Spacecraft for_\
_Mars Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5057.pdf) **\[#5057\]** AutoNav
Mark 4 performs on-board guidance and navigation of spacecraft for small Mars
missions. The flight software provides optical navigation services, using
images to perform orbit determination, and deriving maneuvers onboard for
TCMs and OTMs.

Mittelholz A.Heagy L.Johnson C. L.Langlais B.Lillis R. J.Rapin W.

[_Helicopter_\
_Magnetic Field Surveys for Future Mars Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5016.pdf) **\[#5016\]** We investigate data sets that
a future helicopter-based magnetometer might be able to provide by
constructing simple forward models that resemble a range of plausible
subsurface geological structures that allow experimenting with
survey design.

Wronkiewicz M.Anderson R. C.Bandyopadhyay S.Brandon E. J.Goel A.Vander Hook J.Mischna M.Villarreal M.Rossi F.

[_Toward_\
_Economically Addressing Surface Science Questions on Mars with_\
_Distributed Instruments_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5049.pdf) **\[#5049\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/09-Wronkiewicz.pptx)** Investigation into the atmosphere and interior of Mars would
benefit from global surface measurements. Distributed instruments (comprised
of multiple sensor platforms) are suitable for such studies and amenable to
many off-the-shelf technologies.

Albert S. W.Schaub H.Braun R. D.

[_Efficient_\
_Delivery of a Network of Small Probes to the Martian Surface_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5011.pdf) **\[#5011\]** **[Presentation](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/program/presentation/10-Albert.pptx)** Networks of probes can
uniquely enable science on Mars. Minimizing the number, size, and complexity of
maneuvers is desirable for mission design. We adapt B-Plane targeting to
design maneuvers to deliver a network of probes from one cruise stage.

Woolley R. C.Barba N.

[_Mission_\
_Design Hurdles for Low-Cost Mars Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5015.pdf) **\[#5015\]** In this poster, we identify five mission design challenges that
any mission to Mars must address to successfully arrive. We then discuss
strategies and solutions tailored to low-cost missions including ridesharing,
propulsion, etc.

Choi S. H.Moses R. W.

[_Low Cost_ _Micro-Spectrometer for Resource Mapping_\
_on Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5039.pdf) **\[#5039\]** A micro-spectrometer
technology developed at NASA offers a low-cost sensor and measurement
instrument that can be packaged to allow integration into exploration mission
systems to enable measurements in extreme access and extreme environments.

Hardgrove C.

[_Compact,_\
_Modular Neutron and Gamma-Ray Spectrometer for Small Spacecraft Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5076.pdf) **\[#5076\]** Mini-NS spectrometer has been developed as part of the first NASA
SMD SIMPLEx mission LunaH-Map.
Future Mars missions can use Mini-NS modules and signal processing
electronics to detect and determine abundances of hydrogen and
rock-forming elements.

Rapin W.Maurice S.Wiens R. C.Dubois B.Parot Y.Bernardi P.Nelson T.Clegg S.

[_µLIBS:A Micro-Scale Elemental Analyser_\
_for Lightweight In Situ Exploration_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5032.pdf) **\[#5032\]** Microanalysis is the next
step forward in Mars exploration. We propose a new µ 1.5 kg instrument to
perform precise elemental grid microanalyses at 20–50 cm standoff without the
need of turret or arm deployment.

Rafkin S. C. R.Nowicki K.Silver J.

[_A Low Cost Tunable Laser Spectrometer for Mars Water Vapor,_\
_Trace Gases, and Eddy Flux Measurements_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5036.pdf) **\[#5036\]** We describe a TRL 6 instrument that is capable of high precision
and high frequency (>40 Hz) measurements of water, CO2, and
various other trace gases, and which supports the acoustic determination of
wind and eddy flux measurements at Mars.

Green R. O.Mouroulis P.Sullivan P.Bender H.Calvin W.Ehlmann B.Fraeman A.Thompson D. R.Vinckier Q.Keymeulen D.Klimesh M.Ardila D.Nadgauda S.

[_Low-Cost,_\
_High Signal-to-Noise Ratio, and High Fidelity Imaging Spectrometers_\
_for Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5040.pdf) **\[#5040\]** Low-cost, high
signal-to-noise ratio, and high fidelity imaging spectrometers for future
Mars missions.

Baker J. D.

[_Small_\
_Satellite Technologies for Low-Cost Mars Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5047.pdf) **\[#5047\]** New spacecraft and instrument capabilities exist today that can
enable lower cost Mars exploration science missions. This abstract will
describe at a high level several of the new capabilities available and the
performance they offer.

Ramezani A.Sreenath K.

[_Thruster-Assisted_\
_Legged Mobility for Explorations on Mars_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5074.pdf) **\[#5074\]** In this abstract, we propose
employing thruster-assisted legged locomotion in form of continuous hopping
gait to achieve efficiency and robust mobility in partial gravity on Mars. We
give a brief overview of ongoing research and produced results.

Profitiliotis G.

[_Precompetitive_\
_Collaboration on Planetary Protection Technologies to Enable Low-Cost_\
_Mars Exploration_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5027.pdf) **\[#5027\]** Planetary protection should be viewed as an avenue that
accommodates the interests of space actors and of citizens,
and should thus be maintained as a beneficial foundation for any
upcoming Mars activities via a precompetitive collaboration scheme.

Ono M.Balaram B. J.Verma V.Atha D. J.Swan R. M.Didier A. K.

[_New_\
_Rover CONOPS with High-performance Onboard Computing:Give Up Raw Data to Reduce Ops Cost and Do_\
_More Science_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5053.pdf) **\[#5053\]** Imagine every
scientist/engineer can uplink and run analysis scripts on a rover like Jupyter Notebook. No need to downlink all the raw data
anymore. This will remove the comm volume constraint, simplifying and saving
the cost of tactical ops.

Brinckerhoff W. B.Davila A. F.Shkolyar S.Bebout L. E.Des Marais D.Getty S.Hoehler T. M.Jahnke L.Lau G.Lehmer O.Neveu M.Parenteau M. N.Pohorille A.Quinn R. C.Som S.Wilhelm M. B.

[_The_\
_Life Detection Knowledge Base:Organizing Astrobiology Knowledge and Technology for Mission_\
_Concept Development_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5075.pdf) **\[#5075\]** We will summarize recent and planned efforts to develop the Life
Detection Forum, a community-driven, living suite of online tools. LDF is
intended to organize astrobiology knowledge and technology for use in life
detection mission concept planning.

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)

**Thursday,**
**March 31, 2022**

**COMMERCIAL**
**INNOVATION FOR LOW-COST MISSIONS**

**8:30**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Panel_**
**_members will discuss emerging commercial capabilities that can enable low-cost_**
**_Mars mission concepts._**

**Times**

**Panel Members**

**Moderator**

8:30 a.m.

Richard
French

Timothy Linn

Johannes Loschnigg

Steve Bailey

Nathan Barba

**Thursday,**
**March 31, 2022**

**COST**
**MODELS FOR LOW-COST MISSIONS**

**9:30**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Cost_**
**_estimating approaches applicable to low-cost Mars missions are presented,_**
**_addressing science and mission scope as well as overall mission risk posture._**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**Abstract Title**
**and Summary**

9:30 a.m.

D. Bearden \*

_Adapting Cost Estimation Models to New_
_Approaches and Recommended Science Community Paths_

9:55 a.m.

BREAK

**Thursday,**
**March 31, 2022**

**CONTRIBUTED**
**TALKS IV**

**10:15**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_Low-Cost_**
**_Mars Mission Concepts; Instruments, Avionics, and Subsystems_**

**Times**

**Authors (\*Presenter)**

**_Abstract Title and Summary_**

10:15 a.m.

Fleischer S. R. \*Austin A.Barba N. J.Bjornstad P.Edwards C. D. Jr.Hihn J. M.Kolanjian A.Lock R.Saing M.Woolley R. C.

[_Assessing_\
_Cost Drivers for Mars Small Spacecraft Missions_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5023.pdf) **\[#5023\]** Here we develop a cost model constrained by fundamental physics
to predict Formulation and Implementation costs of small-medium missions to
Mars as a function of a few, system-level inputs. Engineering and
programmatic implications are discussed.

10:30 a.m.

Nunes D. C. \*Grimm R. E.Barba N.Burgin M.Carpenter K.Krieger S.Manthena R.McGarey P.

[_Transmissive_\
_H2O Reconnaissance Sounder, TH2OR — A Compact_\
_Time-Domain Electromagnetic Instrument for Groundwater Detection_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5054.pdf) **\[#5054\]** We are developing a planetary
low-power, low-mass transient electromagnetic sounding instrument intended to
test the hypothesis of an extant deep global aquifer at Mars.

10:45 a.m.

Wilhelm M. B. \*Ricco A. J.Lee C.Lynch K. L.Beegle L.Cassell A.Barba N.

[_Low-Cost_\
_Mars In-Situ Astrobiology Measurements and Strategy_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5069.pdf) **\[#5069\]** Low-cost Mars astrobiology missions should search for indicators
of extant life, preserved remains of ancient life, and help improve
understanding of modern habitability with a simple and complementary set of
sensors in a small, ruggedized package.

11:00 a.m.

Espley J. R. \*Sheppard D. A.Gruesbeck J. R.DiBraccio G. A.

[_Magnetic_\
_Observations at Mars:Plasma, Crust,_\
_and Subsurface_](https://www.hou.usra.edu/meetings/lowcostmars2022/pdf/5046.pdf) **\[#5046\]** Magnetic observations at Mars
are vital for several important areas, including its magnetosphere,
atmosphere, crust, and subsurface. There are multiple
low cost mission scenarios where magnetometers could make major advances in
these areas.

**Thursday,**
**March 31, 2022**

**CLOSING**
**SESSION**

**11:15**
**a.m.Fountain Ballroom**

**_A summary_**
**_discussion of conference highlights and take-aways._**

**Times**

**Panel Members**

**Moderators**

11:15 a.m.

Eric Ianson

Tiffany
Morgan

Joe Parrish

Michael Meyer

Scott Hubbard

Aileen Yingst

Chad Edwards

Shannon Curry

12:00 p.m.

_Adjourn_

[**BACK TO TOP**](#Top)