Основы наследственности
Наследственность - Википедия
Насле́дственность — способность организмов передавать свои признаки и особенности развития потомству. Благодаря этой способности все живые существа сохраняют ...
[англ.]
С середины XIX столетия изучение явлений наследственности приобрело тот характер, который может считаться уже вполне научным. Именно в это время появляется обширный труд Проспера Люка<anchor>[англ.]</anchor> об естественной наследственности (1847-50), в котором содержится обширный фактический материал о наследовании различных особенностей у человека. На основании его он устанавливает три типа наследственности: избирательную, когда признаки получаются от одного родителя; смешанную, когда происходит смешение родительских свойств, и комбинативную, связанную с появлением новых признаков. Несколько позже Эрнст Геккель (1866) предложил иную классификацию явлений наследственности, проведя в ней впервые ясное различие между наследованием прирождённых и наследованием приобретённых свойств под именем закона консервативной и закона прогрессивной наследственности[5].
Prosper Lucas - Wikipedia
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# Prosper Lucas

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

**Prosper Lucas** (4 November 1808, [Saint-Brieuc](/wiki/Saint-Brieuc "Saint-Brieuc") – 2 April 1885, [Mennecy](/wiki/Mennecy "Mennecy"))[\[1\]](#cite_note-PH-1) was a French medical doctor and a specialist in the study of [heredity](/wiki/Heredity "Heredity"). Regarding the topic of biological inheritance, Lucas published his [_"Traité philosophique et physiologique de l'hérédité naturelle"_](https://archive.org/details/traitphilosophi01lucagoog) ("Philosophical and physiological treatise on natural heredity") in two volumes in 1847 and 1850, which [Charles Darwin](/wiki/Charles_Darwin "Charles Darwin") described in _[The Origin of Species](/wiki/The_Origin_of_Species "The Origin of Species")_ (1859) as "the fullest and the best on this subject".[\[2\]](#cite_note-2)

The full title of Lucas' treatise was _Traité philosophique et physiologique de l'hérédité naturelle dans les états de santé et de maladie du système nerveux, avec l'application méthodique des lois de la procréation au traitement général des affections dont elle est le principe. Ouvrage où la question est considérée dans ses rapports avec les lois primordiales, les théories de la génération, les causes déterminantes de la sexualité, les modifications acquises de la nature originelle des êtres, et les diverses formes de névropathie et d'aliénation mentale_ ("Philosophical and physiological treatise of natural inheritance in the states of health and disease of the nervous system, with the methodical application of the laws of procreation to the general treatment of the affections of which it is the principle. Work where the question is considered in its relation to the primordial laws, theories of generation, the determining causes of sexuality, the acquired modifications of the original nature of beings, and the various forms of neuropathy and insanity").

Prosper Lucas wrote his thesis and presented it on 28 August 1833, at the [Faculté de Médecine de Paris](/wiki/Facult%C3%A9_de_M%C3%A9decine_de_Paris "Faculté de Médecine de Paris"): _"De l'imitation contagieuse ou de la propagation sympathique des névroses et des mouvements"_.[\[3\]](#cite_note-3) In 1864, he replaced [Louis-Victor Marcé](/wiki/Louis-Victor_Marc%C3%A9 "Louis-Victor Marcé") as physician for the insane at the [Bicêtre](/wiki/Bic%C3%AAtre_Hospital "Bicêtre Hospital"), followed by an appointment as chief physician of the women's division at St. Anne asylum in Paris (1867). In 1882, he became medical director of the lunatic asylum in [Le Mans](/wiki/Le_Mans "Le Mans").[\[1\]](#cite_note-PH-1) He was the brother of entomologist [Pierre-Hippolyte Lucas](/wiki/Pierre-Hippolyte_Lucas "Pierre-Hippolyte Lucas") (1814–1899).

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Prosper_Lucas&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: References")\]

1. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-PH_1-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-PH_1-1)[Psychiatrie Histoire](http://psychiatrie.histoire.free.fr/pers/bio/lucas.htm) (biography)
2. **[^](#cite_ref-2)**[On the Origin of Species](https://books.google.com/books?id=OWa7AAAAQBAJ&dq=%22the+fullest+and+the+best+on+this+subject%22&pg=PA102) by Charles Darwin
3. **[^](#cite_ref-3)**[Gallica](http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k841041m) – De l'imitation contagieuse

## External links

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Prosper_Lucas&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: External links")\]

- [NCBI](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20481127) Darwin and inheritance: the influence of Prosper Lucas.
- [Chapter 2, The Literature Page: Charles Darwin's _The Origin of Species by means of Natural Selection_, page 20](http://www.literaturepage.com/read/darwin-origin-of-species-20.html)

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