Iniciativa pro plasty - The Ocean Foundation
Jako jediná komunitní nadace pro oceán je posláním The Ocean Foundation zlepšit globální zdraví oceánů, odolnost vůči klimatu a modrou ekonomiku. Vytváříme ...
Pouze 21%
Plasty se nacházejí v tisících výrobcích a s rostoucími investicemi do kapacity výroby plastů je jejich složení a použití stále složitější a problém plastového odpadu stále narůstá. Plastové materiály jsou příliš složité a příliš přizpůsobené na to, aby přispěly ke skutečnému oběhovému hospodářství. Výrobci míchají polymery, přísady, barviva, lepidla a další materiály, aby vytvořili různé produkty a aplikace. To často mění jinak recyklovatelné produkty na nerecyklovatelné znečišťující látky na jedno použití. Ve skutečnosti, <anchor>Pouze 21%</anchor> vyrobených plastů je dokonce teoreticky recyklovatelných.
Contents | Science 373, 6550
Contents \| Science 373, 6550

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[Home](https://www.science.org/ "Home") [Science](/journal/science "Science") Vol. 373, No. 6550

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**COVER** Plastic waste is accumulating rapidly in our environment and will leave a geological signature like fossils or archaeological remains. Here, we see an illustrated record, not to scale, of a region's past and the plastic consumer waste that will eventually leave a permanent mark on Earth's history and carbon cycle. See p. [34](//science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6550/34).

Illustration: Sam Falconer

## Science

- Volume 373\|
- Issue 6550\|
- 2 Jul 2021

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**COVER** Plastic waste is accumulating rapidly in our environment and will leave a geological signature like fossils or archaeological remains. Here, we see an illustrated record, not to scale, of a region's past and the plastic consumer waste that will eventually leave a permanent mark on Earth's history and carbon cycle. See p. [34](//science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6550/34).

Illustration: Sam Falconer

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Special issue

# Plastics

#### Introduction to Special Issue

### [A devil's bargain](/doi/10.1126/science.abj9099)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj9099 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj9099 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj9099 "")

- BY
  - Jesse Smith
  - Sacha Vignieri
- 02 Jul 2021: 34-35
- Free

#### News

### [The plastic eaters](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.36)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.36 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.36 "")

- BY
  - Warren Cornwall
- 02 Jul 2021: 36-39

Bacterial enzymes can digest some plastic waste. Scientists want to harness them for recycling.

### [When plastics are precious](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.40)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.40 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.40 "")

- BY
  - Sam Kean
- 02 Jul 2021: 40-42

To prevent museum artifacts from falling apart, conservators experiment with preservation methods.

#### Policy Forum

### [A binding global agreement to address the life cycle of plastics](/doi/10.1126/science.abi9010)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abi9010 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abi9010 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abi9010 "")

- BY
  - Nils Simon
  - Karen Raubenheimer
  - Niko Urho
  - Sebastian Unger
  - David Azoulay
  - Trisia Farrelly
  - Joao Sousa
  - Harro van Asselt
  - Giulia Carlini
  - Christian Sekomo
  - Maro Luisa Schulte
  - Per-Olof Busch
  - Nicole Wienrich
  - Laura Weiand
- 02 Jul 2021: 43-47
- NO ACCESS

To eliminate plastic pollution, a holistic approach is needed


#### Policy Forum

### [The myth of historical bio-based plastics](/doi/10.1126/science.abj1003)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj1003 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj1003 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj1003 "")

- BY
  - Rebecca Altman
- 02 Jul 2021: 47-49
- NO ACCESS

Early bio-based plastics, which were neither clean nor green, offer lessons for today


### [Achieving a circular bioeconomy for plastics](/doi/10.1126/science.abj3476)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj3476 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj3476 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj3476 "")

- BY
  - Sarah Kakadellis
  - Gloria Rosetto
- 02 Jul 2021: 49-50
- NO ACCESS

Designing plastics for assembly and disassembly is essential to closing the resource loop


#### Reviews

### [Plastics in the Earth system](/doi/10.1126/science.abb0354)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abb0354 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abb0354 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abb0354 "")

- BY
  - Aron Stubbins
  - Kara Lavender Law
  - Samuel E. Muñoz
  - Thomas S. Bianchi
  - Lixin Zhu
- 02 Jul 2021: 51-55
- FULL ACCESS

Abstract

Plastic contamination of the environment is a global problem whose magnitude justifies the consideration of plastics as emergent geomaterials with chemistries not previously seen in Earth’s history. At the elemental level, plastics are predominantly ...

### [Plastic ingestion as an evolutionary trap: Toward a holistic understanding](/doi/10.1126/science.abh0945)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abh0945 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abh0945 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abh0945 "")

- BY
  - Robson G. Santos
  - Gabriel E. Machovsky-Capuska
  - Ryan Andrades
- 02 Jul 2021: 56-60
- NO ACCESS

Abstract

Human activities are changing our environment. Along with climate change and a widespread loss of biodiversity, plastic pollution now plays a predominant role in altering ecosystems globally. Here, we review the occurrence of plastic ingestion by wildlife ...

### [The global threat from plastic pollution](/doi/10.1126/science.abg5433)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abg5433 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abg5433 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abg5433 "")

- BY
  - Matthew MacLeod
  - Hans Peter H. Arp
  - Mine B. Tekman
  - Annika Jahnke
- 02 Jul 2021: 61-65
- FULL ACCESS

Abstract

Plastic pollution accumulating in an area of the environment is considered “poorly reversible” if natural mineralization processes occurring there are slow and engineered remediation solutions are improbable. Should negative outcomes in these areas arise ...

### [Toward polymer upcycling—adding value and tackling circularity](/doi/10.1126/science.abg4503)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abg4503 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abg4503 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abg4503 "")

- BY
  - LaShanda T. J. Korley
  - Thomas H. Epps III
  - Brett A. Helms
  - Anthony J. Ryan
- 02 Jul 2021: 66-69
- FULL ACCESS

Abstract

Plastics have revolutionized modern life, but have created a global waste crisis driven by our reliance and demand for low-cost, disposable materials. New approaches are vital to address challenges related to plastics waste heterogeneity, along with the ...

#### This Week in Science

### [This Week in Science](/doi/10.1126/science.2021.373.6550.twis)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.2021.373.6550.twis "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.2021.373.6550.twis "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.2021.373.6550.twis "")

- BY
  - L. Bryan Ray
  - Michael A. Funk
  - Pamela J. Hines
  - Ian S. Osborne
  - Phil Szuromi
  - Seth Thomas Scanlon
  - Laura M. Zahn
  - Christiana N. Fogg
  - H. Jesse Smith
  - Yury Suleymanov
  - Leslie K. Ferrarelli
  - Jelena Stajic
  - Dorothy L. Hallberg
  - Philip Yeagle
  - Marc S. Lavine
- 02 Jul 2021: 70-72
- Free

#### Editorial

### [Shared blame for the opioid crisis](/doi/10.1126/science.abk1718)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abk1718 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abk1718 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abk1718 "")

- BY
  - H. Holden Thorp
- 02 Jul 2021: 6
- FULL ACCESS

### [Director Lander, the time is now](/doi/10.1126/science.abk1976)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abk1976 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abk1976 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abk1976 "")

- BY
  - Omolola Eniola-Adefeso
  - Hana El-Samad
- 02 Jul 2021: 7
- FULL ACCESS

#### Editors' Choice

### [Editors' Choice](/doi/10.1126/science.2021.373.6550.twil)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.2021.373.6550.twil "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.2021.373.6550.twil "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.2021.373.6550.twil "")

- BY
  - Yury Suleymanov
  - Pamela J. Hines
  - Di Jiang
  - Brad Wible
  - Laura M. Zahn
  - Brent Grocholski
  - L. Bryan Ray
- 02 Jul 2021: 71-72
- Free

#### In Brief

### [News at a glance](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.8)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.8 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.8 "")

- 02 Jul 2021: 8-10

A roundup of weekly science policy and related news.

#### In Depth

### [‘Dragon Man’ may be an elusive Denisovan](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.11)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.11 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.11 "")

- BY
  - Ann Gibbons
- 02 Jul 2021: 11-12

Paleoanthropologists are both excited and puzzled by "wonderful skull" from China.

### [Black-footed albatrosses find a new home across an ocean](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.12)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.12 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.12 "")

- BY
  - Rodrigo Pérez Ortega
- 02 Jul 2021: 12-13

International project offers a model for tricky translocation of seabirds threatened by rising sea level.

### [Ship gauges potential for catastrophic earthquake](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.13)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.13 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.13 "")

- BY
  - Paul Voosen
- 02 Jul 2021: 13-14

Fault structures could reveal whether next rupture in Pacific Northwest will be a repeat of megaquake in 1700.

### [Did a Chinese team ‘obscure’ early coronavirus sequences?](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.15)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.15 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.15 "")

- BY
  - Jon Cohen
- 02 Jul 2021: 15

Preprint's claim inflames already divisive origin debate.

### [Gene editor injected into the body treats disease](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.16)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.16 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.16 "")

- BY
  - Jocelyn Kaiser
- 02 Jul 2021: 16

In a first, CRISPR components infused into patients' blood shut down mutant gene in liver.

#### Feature

### [A voice for the river](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.17)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.17 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.17 "")

- BY
  - Erik Stokstad
- 02 Jul 2021: 17-21

Jack Schmidt tells hard truths about how climate change will shrink the Colorado River, a lifeline for the Southwest. Will officials listen?

#### Working Life

### [Embracing my roots](/doi/10.1126/science.373.6550.126)

[Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.373.6550.126 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.373.6550.126 "")

- BY
  - Sheila Teves
- 02 Jul 2021: 126
- Free

#### Letters

### [Pandemic haiku](/doi/10.1126/science.abk0461)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abk0461 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abk0461 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abk0461 "")

- 02 Jul 2021: 22-23
- NO ACCESS

#### Books _et al._

### [The peopling of the Pacific](/doi/10.1126/science.abi9177)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abi9177 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abi9177 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abi9177 "")

- BY
  - Christopher J. Bae
- 02 Jul 2021: 32
- NO ACCESS

An anthropologist traces the emergence of the rich and varied cultures of the Pacific islands

### [When Einstein met Curie](/doi/10.1126/science.abj1411)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj1411 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj1411 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj1411 "")

- BY
  - Graham Farmelo
- 02 Jul 2021: 33
- NO ACCESS

Historical documents hint at a fulfilling friendship between the two physicists

#### Perspectives

### [An anti-obesity immunotherapy?](/doi/10.1126/science.abj5072)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj5072 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj5072 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj5072 "")

- BY
  - Conan J. O. O'Brien
  - Ana I. Domingos
- 02 Jul 2021: 24-25
- NO ACCESS

Adipose tissue–resident macrophages promote lipid storage in mice but can be stopped with antibody treatment


### [Reengineering protein-phosphorylation switches](/doi/10.1126/science.abj5028)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj5028 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj5028 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj5028 "")

- BY
  - Boris N. Kholodenko
  - Mariko Okada
- 02 Jul 2021: 25-26
- NO ACCESS

Phosphorylation circuits operate as logic gates that rapidly toggle a system between two stable states


### [Small RNAs on the move in male germ cells](/doi/10.1126/science.abj5020)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj5020 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj5020 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj5020 "")

- BY
  - Rebecca A. Mosher
- 02 Jul 2021: 26-27
- NO ACCESS

DNA in plant male meiocytes is methylated by intercellular small interfering RNAs


### [New insight from an old concept for zeolites](/doi/10.1126/science.abj1834)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj1834 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj1834 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj1834 "")

- BY
  - Dan Xie
- 02 Jul 2021: 28
- NO ACCESS

Two supercage-based large-pore zeolites are potentially useful for industrial applications


### [Astrocytes control the critical period of circuit wiring](/doi/10.1126/science.abj6745)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abj6745 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abj6745 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abj6745 "")

- BY
  - Paulo Kofuji
  - Alfonso Araque
- 02 Jul 2021: 29-30
- NO ACCESS

Astrocytes regulate the experience-dependent remodeling of brain circuits during development


### [Finding genes that control body weight](/doi/10.1126/science.abh3556)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abh3556 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abh3556 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abh3556 "")

- BY
  - Giles S. H. Yeo
  - Stephen O'Rahilly
- 02 Jul 2021: 30-31
- NO ACCESS

DNA exome sequencing at scale reveals unknown human biology of adiposity


#### Reports

### [Monolithic optical microlithography of high-density elastic circuits](/doi/10.1126/science.abh3551)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abh3551 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abh3551 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abh3551 "")

- BY
  - Yu-Qing Zheng
  - Yuxin Liu
  - Donglai Zhong
  - Shayla Nikzad
  - Shuhan Liu
  - Zhiao Yu
  - Deyu Liu
  - Hung-Chin Wu
  - Chenxin Zhu
  - Jinxing Li
  - Helen Tran
  - Jeffrey B.-H. Tok
  - Zhenan Bao
- 02 Jul 2021: 88-94
- FULL ACCESS

Directly photopatterning electronic polymers improves the spatial resolution of an elastic circuit by a factor of 100.

Abstract

Polymeric electronic materials have enabled soft and stretchable electronics. However, the lack of a universal micro/nanofabrication method for skin-like and elastic circuits results in low device density and limited parallel signal recording and ...

### [Single-molecule laser nanospectroscopy with micro–electron volt energy resolution](/doi/10.1126/science.abg8790)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abg8790 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abg8790 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abg8790 "")

- BY
  - Hiroshi Imada
  - Miyabi Imai-Imada
  - Kuniyuki Miwa
  - Hidemasa Yamane
  - Takeshi Iwasa
  - Yusuke Tanaka
  - Naoyuki Toriumi
  - Kensuke Kimura
  - Nobuhiko Yokoshi
  - Atsuya Muranaka
  - Masanobu Uchiyama
  - Tetsuya Taketsugu
  - Yuichiro K. Kato
  - Hajime Ishihara
  - Yousoo Kim
- 02 Jul 2021: 95-98
- FULL ACCESS

Individual quantum states of a single molecule are characterized with micro–electron volt energy and submolecular spatial resolution.

Abstract

Ways to characterize and control excited states at the single-molecule and atomic levels are needed to exploit excitation-triggered energy-conversion processes. Here, we present a single-molecule spectroscopic method with micro–electron volt energy and ...

### [Laser soliton microcombs heterogeneously integrated on silicon](/doi/10.1126/science.abh2076)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abh2076 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abh2076 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abh2076 "")

- BY
  - Chao Xiang
  - Junqiu Liu
  - Joel Guo
  - Lin Chang
  - Rui Ning Wang
  - Wenle Weng
  - Jonathan Peters
  - Weiqiang Xie
  - Zeyu Zhang
  - Johann Riemensberger
  - Jennifer Selvidge
  - Tobias J. Kippenberg
  - John E. Bowers
- 02 Jul 2021: 99-103
- FULL ACCESS

Optical microresonator frequency combs are realized in an integrated Si-based platform.

Abstract

Silicon photonics enables wafer-scale integration of optical functionalities on chip. Silicon-based laser frequency combs can provide integrated sources of mutually coherent laser lines for terabit-per-second transceivers, parallel coherent light ...

### [Synthesis of thermally stable SBT and SBS/SBT intergrowth zeolites](/doi/10.1126/science.abi7208)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abi7208 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abi7208 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abi7208 "")

- BY
  - Hwajun Lee
  - Jiho Shin
  - Kyounghwan Lee
  - Hyun June Choi
  - Alvaro Mayoral
  - Na Young Kang
  - Suk Bong Hong
- 02 Jul 2021: 104-107
- FULL ACCESS

The synthesis and catalytic properties of two thermally robust zeolites with supercages and wide pore windows are reported.

Abstract

UCSB-6 (framework type **SBS**) and UCSB-10 ( **SBT**), two three-dimensional phosphate-based molecular sieves with supercages accessible through 12-ring (circumscribed by 12 tetrahedral atoms) windows, are structurally similar to the hexagonal and cubic polytypes ...

### [The missing ocean plastic sink: Gone with the rivers](/doi/10.1126/science.abe0290)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abe0290 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abe0290 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abe0290 "")

- BY
  - Lisa Weiss
  - Wolfgang Ludwig
  - Serge Heussner
  - Miquel Canals
  - Jean-François Ghiglione
  - Claude Estournel
  - Mel Constant
  - Philippe Kerhervé
- 02 Jul 2021: 107-111
- FULL ACCESS

The flux of microplastics to the ocean from rivers is much lower than was thought.

Abstract

Plastic floating at the ocean surface, estimated at tens to hundreds of thousands of metric tons, represents only a small fraction of the estimated several million metric tons annually discharged by rivers. Such an imbalance promoted the search for a ...

### [Embryo-scale, single-cell spatial transcriptomics](/doi/10.1126/science.abb9536)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abb9536 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abb9536 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abb9536 "")

- BY
  - Sanjay R. Srivatsan
  - Mary C. Regier
  - Eliza Barkan
  - Jennifer M. Franks
  - Jonathan S. Packer
  - Parker Grosjean
  - Madeleine Duran
  - Sarah Saxton
  - Jon J Ladd
  - Malte Spielmann
  - Carlos Lois
  - Paul D. Lampe
  - Jay Shendure
  - Kelly R. Stevens
  - Cole Trapnell
- 02 Jul 2021: 111-117
- FULL ACCESS

sci-Space is a spatial profiling approach that can retain single-cell resolution during mouse development.

Abstract

Spatial patterns of gene expression manifest at scales ranging from local (e.g., cell-cell interactions) to global (e.g., body axis patterning). However, current spatial transcriptomics methods either average local contexts or are restricted to limited ...

### [Crystal structure of a key enzyme for anaerobic ethane activation](/doi/10.1126/science.abg1765)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abg1765 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abg1765 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abg1765 "")

- BY
  - Cedric J. Hahn
  - Olivier N. Lemaire
  - Jörg Kahnt
  - Sylvain Engilberge
  - Gunter Wegener
  - Tristan Wagner
- 02 Jul 2021: 118-121
- FULL ACCESS

Crystal structures reveal key features in a metalloenzyme from ocean floor archaea that activates ethane.

Abstract

Ethane, the second most abundant hydrocarbon gas in the seafloor, is efficiently oxidized by anaerobic archaea in syntrophy with sulfate-reducing bacteria. Here, we report the 0.99-angstrom-resolution structure of the proposed ethane-activating enzyme and ...

#### Research Articles

### [An engineered protein-phosphorylation toggle network with implications for endogenous network discovery](/doi/10.1126/science.aav0780)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.aav0780 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.aav0780 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.aav0780 "")

- BY
  - Deepak Mishra
  - Tristan Bepler
  - Brian Teague
  - Bonnie Berger
  - Jim Broach
  - Ron Weiss
- 02 Jul 2021
- FULL ACCESS

Building synthetic protein-protein network switches reveals native yeast regulatory circuits.

Abstract

Synthetic biological networks comprising fast, reversible reactions could enable engineering of new cellular behaviors that are not possible with slower regulation. Here, we created a bistable toggle switch in _Saccharomyces cerevisiae_ using a cross-...

### [Diet-regulated production of PDGFcc by macrophages controls energy storage](/doi/10.1126/science.abe9383)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abe9383 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abe9383 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abe9383 "")

- BY
  - Nehemiah Cox
  - Lucile Crozet
  - Inge R. Holtman
  - Pierre-Louis Loyher
  - Tomi Lazarov
  - Jessica B. White
  - Elvira Mass
  - E. Richard Stanley
  - Olivier Elemento
  - Christopher K. Glass
  - Frederic Geissmann
- 02 Jul 2021
- FULL ACCESS

Adipose-resident macrophages control lipid storage in adipocytes through diet-regulated production of PDGF-family growth factors.

Abstract

The mechanisms by which macrophages regulate energy storage remain poorly understood. We identify in a genetic screen a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)–family ortholog, Pvf3, that is produced by macrophages ...

### [Sequencing of 640,000 exomes identifies _GPR75_ variants associated with protection from obesity](/doi/10.1126/science.abf8683)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abf8683 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abf8683 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abf8683 "")

- BY
  - Parsa Akbari
  - Ankit Gilani
  - Olukayode Sosina
  - Jack A. Kosmicki
  - Lori Khrimian
  - Yi-Ya Fang
  - Trikaldarshi Persaud
  - Victor Garcia
  - Dylan Sun
  - Alexander Li
  - Joelle Mbatchou
  - Adam E. Locke
  - Christian Benner
  - Niek Verweij
  - Nan Lin
  - Sakib Hossain
  - Kevin Agostinucci
  - Jonathan V. Pascale
  - Ercument Dirice
  - Michael Dunn
  - Regeneron Genetics Center
  - DiscovEHR Collaboration
  - William E. Kraus
  - Svati H. Shah
  - Yii-Der I. Chen
  - Jerome I. Rotter
  - Daniel J. Rader
  - Olle Melander
  - Christopher D. Still
  - Tooraj Mirshahi
  - David J. Carey
  - Jaime Berumen-Campos
  - Pablo Kuri-Morales
  - Jesus Alegre-Díaz
  - Jason M. Torres
  - Jonathan R. Emberson
  - Rory Collins
  - Suganthi Balasubramanian
  - Alicia Hawes
  - Marcus Jones
  - Brian Zambrowicz
  - Andrew J. Murphy
  - Charles Paulding
  - Giovanni Coppola
  - John D. Overton
  - Jeffrey G. Reid
  - Alan R. Shuldiner
  - Michael Cantor
  - Hyun M. Kang
  - Goncalo R. Abecasis
  - Katia Karalis
  - Aris N. Economides
  - Jonathan Marchini
  - George D. Yancopoulos
  - Mark W. Sleeman
  - Judith Altarejos
  - Giusy Della Gatta
  - Roberto Tapia-Conyer
  - Michal L. Schwartzman
  - Aris Baras
  - Manuel A. R. Ferreira
  - Luca A. Lotta
- 02 Jul 2021
- FULL ACCESS

Exome sequencing of individuals from the US, UK, and Mexico elucidates the genetic architecture of obesity.

Abstract

Large-scale human exome sequencing can identify rare protein-coding variants with a large impact on complex traits such as body adiposity. We sequenced the exomes of 645,626 individuals from the United Kingdom, the United States, and Mexico and estimated ...

### [Nurse cell­–derived small RNAs define paternal epigenetic inheritance in _Arabidopsis_](/doi/10.1126/science.abh0556)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abh0556 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abh0556 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abh0556 "")

- BY
  - Jincheng Long
  - James Walker
  - Wenjing She
  - Billy Aldridge
  - Hongbo Gao
  - Samuel Deans
  - Martin Vickers
  - Xiaoqi Feng
- 02 Jul 2021
- FULL ACCESS

Small RNAs in plant male germline cells silence transposons and establish genome methylation patterns in the next generation.

Abstract

The plant male germline undergoes DNA methylation reprogramming, which methylates genes de novo and thereby alters gene expression and regulates meiosis. Here, we reveal the molecular mechanism underlying this reprogramming. We demonstrate that genic ...

### [Astrocytes close the mouse critical period for visual plasticity](/doi/10.1126/science.abf5273)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abf5273 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abf5273 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abf5273 "")

- BY
  - Jérôme Ribot
  - Rachel Breton
  - Charles-Félix Calvo
  - Julien Moulard
  - Pascal Ezan
  - Jonathan Zapata
  - Kevin Samama
  - Matthieu Moreau
  - Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans
  - Valentin Sabatet
  - Florent Dingli
  - Damarys Loew
  - Chantal Milleret
  - Pierre Billuart
  - Glenn Dallérac
  - Nathalie Rouach
- 02 Jul 2021: 77-81
- FULL ACCESS

By controlling enzymes that degrade the extracellular matrix, astrocytes regulate interneuron maturation and closure of the visual critical period.

Abstract

Brain postnatal development is characterized by critical periods of experience-dependent remodeling of neuronal circuits. Failure to end these periods results in neurodevelopmental disorders. The cellular processes defining critical-period timing remain ...

### [Nontopological zero-bias peaks in full-shell nanowires induced by flux-tunable Andreev states](/doi/10.1126/science.abf1513)

[Abstract](/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abf1513 "") [Download PDF](/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abf1513 "PDF") [Bookmark](/personalize/addFavoritePublication?doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abf1513 "")

- BY
  - Marco Valentini
  - Fernando Peñaranda
  - Andrea Hofmann
  - Matthias Brauns
  - Robert Hauschild
  - Peter Krogstrup
  - Pablo San-Jose
  - Elsa Prada
  - Ramón Aguado
  - Georgios Katsaros
- 02 Jul 2021: 82-88
- FULL ACCESS

Tunneling into devices made of InAs nanowires fully wrapped with superconducting Al reveals the character of subgap states.

Abstract

A semiconducting nanowire fully wrapped by a superconducting shell has been proposed as a platform for obtaining Majorana modes at small magnetic fields. In this study, we demonstrate that the appearance of subgap states in such structures is actually ...

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