Battle of Stalingrad | History, Summary, Location, Deaths, & Facts
Battle of Stalingrad, (July 17, 1942–February 2, 1943), successful Soviet defense of the city of Stalingrad (now Volgograd), Russia, USSR, during World War II.
exhorted
In mid-December Hitler ordered one of the most-talented German commanders, Field Marshal Erich von Manstein, to form a special army corps to rescue Paulus’s forces by fighting its way eastward (Operation Winter Tempest), but Hitler refused to let Paulus fight his way westward at the same time in order to link up with Manstein. That fatal decision doomed Paulus’s forces, since Manstein’s forces then simply lacked the reserves needed to break through the Soviet encirclement single-handedly. The Soviets then resumed the offensive (Operation Saturn, begun on December 16) to shrink the pocket of encircled Germans, to head off any further relief efforts, and to set the stage for the final capitulation of the Germans in Stalingrad. The Volga River was now frozen over solid, and Soviet forces and equipment were sent over the ice at various points within the city. Hitler <anchor>exhorted</anchor> the trapped German forces to fight to the death, going so far as to promote Paulus to field marshal (and reminding Paulus that no German officer of that rank had ever surrendered). With Soviet armies closing in as part of Operation Ring (begun January 10, 1943), the situation was hopeless. The Sixth Army was surrounded by seven Soviet armies. On January 31 Paulus disobeyed Hitler and agreed to give himself up. Twenty-two generals surrendered with him, and on February 2 the last of 91,000 frozen starving men (all that was left of the Sixth and Fourth armies) surrendered to the Soviets.
Exhort Definition & Meaning | Britannica Dictionary
Exhort Definition & Meaning \| Britannica Dictionary

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# exhort

1 ENTRIES FOUND:


- [exhort (verb)](/dictionary/exhort)

exhort /ɪgˈzoɚt/verb

exhorts;exhorted;exhorting

exhort

/ɪgˈzoɚt/

verb

exhorts;exhorted;exhorting

Britannica Dictionary definition of EXHORT

\[\+ object\]formal

:to try to influence (someone) by words or advice:to strongly urge (someone) _to do_ something

- He _exhorted_ his people _to take back_ their land.

- She _exhorted_ her listeners _to support_ the proposition.


\[+\] more examples\[-\] hide examples\[+\] Example sentences\[-\] Hide examples

## — exhortation

/ˌɛkˌsoɚˈteɪʃən/noun,pluralexhortations\[count, noncount\]

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