18 Effective Time Management Strategies & Techniques - Upwork
1. Start your day with a plan · 2. Prioritize the most important tasks · 3. Divide larger projects into smaller tasks · 4. Limit distractions · 5.
Pomodoro
There are many different time management techniques designed to maximize your work time by injecting specific breaks within a pre-planned work structure. For example, the <anchor>Pomodoro</anchor> time management technique splits work time into 25-minute blocks of time with a 5-minute rest between each work block. This time management strategy can be an easier way to force yourself to work on a task through pre-planned breaks. The 52/17 technique follows a similar structure, except the work period is 52 minutes, and the break time is 17 minutes. This time management option provides a longer sustained work time so that you can get into a practical working state with fewer interruptions.
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# Pomodoro Technique

30 languages

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- [Azərbaycanca](https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomidor_%C3%BCsulu "Pomidor üsulu – Azerbaijani")
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Time management method

[![A tomato-shaped Pomodoro kitchen timer](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Il_pomodoro.jpg/220px-Il_pomodoro.jpg)](/wiki/File:Il_pomodoro.jpg) A pomodoro kitchen timer.

The **Pomodoro Technique** is a [time management](/wiki/Time_management "Time management") method developed by Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1) It uses a [kitchen timer](/wiki/Kitchen_timer "Kitchen timer") to break work into intervals, typically 25 minutes in length, separated by short breaks. Each interval is known as a _pomodoro_, from the Italian word for tomato, after the tomato-shaped kitchen timer Cirillo used as a university student.[\[2\]](#cite_note-2)[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)

[Apps](/wiki/Application_software "Application software") and websites providing timers and instructions have widely popularized the technique. Closely related to concepts such as [timeboxing](/wiki/Timeboxing "Timeboxing") and [iterative and incremental development](/wiki/Iterative_and_incremental_development "Iterative and incremental development") used in software design, the method has been adopted in [pair programming](/wiki/Pair_programming "Pair programming") contexts.[\[3\]](#cite_note-3)

## Description

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pomodoro_Technique&action=edit&section=1 "Edit section: Description")\]

The original technique has six steps:[\[4\]](#cite_note-Noteberg-4)

1. Decide on the task to be done.
2. Set the Pomodoro timer (typically for 25 minutes).[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)
3. Work on the task.
4. End work when the timer rings and take a short break (typically 5–10 minutes).[\[5\]](#cite_note-CirilloHow-5)
5. Go back to Step 2 and repeat until you complete four pomodori.
6. After four pomodori are done, take a long break (typically 20 to 30 minutes) instead of a short break. Once the long break is finished, return to step 2.

For the purposes of the technique, a _pomodoro_ is an interval of work time.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)

A goal of the technique is to reduce the effect of internal and external interruptions on [focus](/wiki/Focus_(cognitive_process) "Focus (cognitive process)") and [flow](/wiki/Flow_(psychology) "Flow (psychology)"). A pomodoro is indivisible; when interrupted during a Pomodoro, either the other activity must be recorded and postponed (using the _inform – negotiate – schedule – call back_ strategy[\[6\]](#cite_note-6)) or the pomodoro must be abandoned.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)[\[4\]](#cite_note-Noteberg-4)[\[7\]](#cite_note-7)

After task completion in a Pomodoro, any remaining time should be devoted to activities, for example:

1. Review your work just completed (optional)
2. Review the activities from a learning point of view (ex: What learning objective did you accomplish? What learning outcome did you accomplish? Did you fulfill your learning target, objective, or outcome for the task?)
3. Review the list of upcoming tasks for the next planned pomodoro time blocks, and start reflecting on or updating them.

Cirillo suggests:

> Specific cases should be handled with common sense: If you finish a task while the Pomodoro is still ticking, the following rule applies: If a Pomodoro begins, it has to ring. It’s a good idea to take advantage of the opportunity for overlearning, using the remaining portion of the Pomodoro to review or repeat what you’ve done, make small improvements, and note what you’ve learned until the Pomodoro rings.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)

The stages of planning, tracking, recording, processing and visualizing are fundamental to the technique.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1) In the planning phase, tasks are prioritized by recording them in a ["To Do Today" list](/wiki/Time_management#Task_list_organization "Time management"), enabling users to [estimate](/wiki/Estimation_(project_management) "Estimation (project management)") the effort they will require. As pomodori are completed, they are recorded, adding to a sense of accomplishment and providing raw data for subsequent self-observation and improvement.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)

## Tools

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pomodoro_Technique&action=edit&section=2 "Edit section: Tools")\]

The creator and his proponents encourage a low-tech approach, using a mechanical timer, paper, and pencil. The physical act of winding the timer confirms the user's determination to start the task; ticking externalises the desire to complete the task; ringing announces a break. [Flow](/wiki/Flow_(psychology) "Flow (psychology)") and [focus](/wiki/Focus_(cognitive_process) "Focus (cognitive process)") become [associated](/wiki/Association_(psychology) "Association (psychology)") with these physical stimuli.[\[1\]](#cite_note-Cirillo-1)[\[8\]](#cite_note-8)

The technique has inspired [application software](/wiki/Application_software "Application software") for several platforms, with various [programs](/wiki/Comparison_of_time-tracking_software "Comparison of time-tracking software") available.[\[9\]](#cite_note-autogenerated2-9)[\[10\]](#cite_note-10)

## See also

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pomodoro_Technique&action=edit&section=3 "Edit section: See also")\]

- [52/17 rule](/wiki/52/17_rule "52/17 rule")
- [Body doubling](/wiki/Body_doubling "Body doubling")
- [Incremental reading](/wiki/Incremental_reading "Incremental reading")
- [Life hacking](/wiki/Life_hack "Life hack")
- [Procrastination](/wiki/Procrastination "Procrastination")

## References

\[ [edit](/w/index.php?title=Pomodoro_Technique&action=edit&section=4 "Edit section: References")\]

01. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-1) [_**c**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-2) [_**d**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-3) [_**e**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-4) [_**f**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-5) [_**g**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-6) [_**h**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-7) [_**i**_](#cite_ref-Cirillo_1-8)Cirillo, Francesco, [_The Pomodoro Technique_](https://web.archive.org/web/20230331051358/https://francescocirillo.com/products/the-pomodoro-technique), archived from [the original](https://francescocirillo.com/products/the-pomodoro-technique) on 31 March 2023
02. **[^](#cite_ref-2)**Cummings, Tucker (31 January 2011). ["The Pomodoro Technique: Is It Right For You?"](http://www.lifehack.org/articles/productivity/the-pomodoro-technique-is-it-right-for-you.html). _Lifehack_. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
03. **[^](#cite_ref-3)**Olsen, Patricia R.; Remsik, Jim (19 September 2009). ["For Writing Software, a Buddy System"](https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/20/jobs/20pre.html). _[The New York Times](/wiki/The_New_York_Times "The New York Times")_.
04. ^ [_**a**_](#cite_ref-Noteberg_4-0) [_**b**_](#cite_ref-Noteberg_4-1)Nöteberg, Staffan (2010). _Pomodoro Technique Illustrated_. Raleigh, N.C: Pragmatic Bookshelf. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-1-934356-50-0](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-934356-50-0 "Special:BookSources/978-1-934356-50-0").
05. **[^](#cite_ref-CirilloHow_5-0)**Cirillo, Francesco. ["Get Started"](https://web.archive.org/web/20180203215030/https://cirillocompany.de/pages/pomodoro-technique). _The Pomodoro Technique_. Archived from [the original](https://cirillocompany.de/pages/pomodoro-technique/) on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 6 January 2016. 4\. When the Pomodoro Rings, Put a Checkmark on a Paper Click the "how" link and see step 4. Presumably, the piece of paper can be one's task list or similar. In any case, four check marks indicate a longer break (step 6).
06. **[^](#cite_ref-6)**["Productivity 101: An Introduction to The Pomodoro Technique"](https://lifehacker.com/productivity-101-a-primer-to-the-pomodoro-technique-1598992730). _Lifehacker_. 12 July 2019. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
07. **[^](#cite_ref-7)**Kaufman, Josh (2011). _The Personal MBA: A World-Class Business Education in a Single Volume_. Penguin UK. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-0-14-197109-4](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-14-197109-4 "Special:BookSources/978-0-14-197109-4").
08. **[^](#cite_ref-8)**Burkeman, Oliver (2011). _Help!: How to Be Slightly Happier, Slightly More Successful, and Get a Bit More Done_. Edinburgh: Canongate. pp. 139–140. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-0-85786-025-5](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85786-025-5 "Special:BookSources/978-0-85786-025-5").
09. **[^](#cite_ref-autogenerated2_9-0)**Sande, Steven (28 November 2009). ["The Pomodoro Technique, or how a tomato made me more productive"](https://www.engadget.com/2009/11/28/the-pomodoro-technique-or-how-a-tomato-made-me-more-productive/). _Engadget_. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
10. **[^](#cite_ref-10)**Pash, Adam (2011). [_Lifehacker the Guide to Working Smarter, Faster, and Better_](https://books.google.com/books?id=d-FYJceblAMC). Indianapolis, Ind: Wiley. Hack 29. [ISBN](/wiki/ISBN_(identifier) "ISBN (identifier)") [978-1-118-13345-3](/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-13345-3 "Special:BookSources/978-1-118-13345-3").

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