and	rural	West	Virginia,	or	the	differences	in	manners	between	the	United	States and	Japan. 	Be	aware	of	these	differences	whenever	making	deductions. 	 	 GENERAL	BODY	LANGUAGE	&	BEHAVIOR 	 Pacifying	behaviors	are	used	when	someone	is	uncomfortable	or	feels threatened,	and	is	attempting	to	calm	themselves	down. 	For	example,	a	woman will	often	rub	or	touch	the	area	below	her	“Adam's	apple”	and	above	her breastbone,	known	as	the	suprasternal	notch. 	Playing	with	her	necklace	may satisfy	the	same	need. 	Other	examples	of	this	kind	of	behavior	include: 				 biting	or	playing	with	items	such	as	pencils 				 rubbing	the	neck 				 touching	the	face	(more	common	in	men) 				 touching	the	forehead 				 placing	the	wrist	against	the	forehead 				 pulling	on	an	earlobe 				 playing	with	hair	(more	common	in	women) 				 licking	lips 				 puffing	cheeks	and	exhaling 				 adjusting	a	tie	or	shirt	collar 				 tugging	on	the	shirt	collar,	as	if	to	cool	off 	 If	someone	is	mirroring	your	body	language	(e. g. 	crossing	their	arms	after	you cross	your	arms,	putting	their	hands	in	their	lap	after	you	do,	etc. ),	it	is	most likely	an	unconscious	sign	of	interest	or	an	attempt	at	your	approval. 	This	is called	isopraxism. 	 Look	for	habitual	gestures. 	For	example,	a	woman	who	just	cut	her	hair	short may	grasp	the	back	of	her	head. 	Someone	who	has	recently	switched	from glasses	to	contacts	may	push	the	bridge	of	their	nose	with	their	finger. 	Someone who	has	been	wearing	a	ring	for	a	long	time	may	reach	to	twist	or	play	with	it, even	if	it	isn't	there. 	 If	you	notice	a	person	checking	themselves	out	frequently	in	mirrors	or	other reflective	surfaces,	especially	when	walking	down	a	street,	you	could	very	well guess	they	have	narcissistic	qualities	and	think	of	themselves	highly.