Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by limited exercise performance, which is mainly determined by disease-specifi factors, such as diminished cardiac output, abnormal ventilatory response, and low perfusion in skeletal muscles, which lead to skeletal muscle dysfunction.Exercise intolerance and symptoms may lead to activity restriction and further functional deterioration with the progression of CHF.~There is some evidence that disease-specific self-report measures more quantify clinically relevant domains than measures of general health status and are generally more sensitive to clinical change. aim of the study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the PMADL-8 questionnaire in the Turkish population.
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is characterized by limited exercise performance, which is mainly determined by disease-specific factors, such as diminished cardiac output, abnormal ventilatory response, and low perfusion in skeletal muscles, which lead to skeletal muscle dysfunction.1 Exercise intolerance and symptoms may lead to activity restriction and further functional deterioration with the progression of CHF. There is some evidence that disease-specific self-report measures more quantify clinically relevant domains than measures of general health status and are generally more sensitive to clinical change. aim of the study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the PMADL-8 questionnaire in the Turkish population.