This study is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, prospective phase 2 dose ranging study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Dimolegin - DD217 in prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in patients underwent knee replacement.~The study model is at each stage in parallel groups. Dimolegin - DD217 efficacy and safety in prevention of venous thromboembolic complications during knee replacement in groups of 80 patients will be investigated.~If the power of statistical tests (at α = 0.05) after the evaluation of intermediate data is at least 80 %, and the hypothesis of non-inferiority or superiority of Dimolegin - DD217 in comparison with Fragmin is proved, the study will be completed.~If the power of statistical tests (at α = 0.05) is less than 80 %, the recruitment of patients will continue. The required number of patients will be calculated taking into account the results obtained earlier, but no more than 120 patients per group.~Patients who meet all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be randomized into three therapy groups: two therapy groups of the test drug Dimolegin - DD217 (40 mg (group 1a) and 60 mg (group 1b)) and one reference group (Fragmin).~Patients from Dimolegin - DD217 groups 1a and 1b will receive the test drug once a day at doses of 40 mg (group 1a) orally or 60 mg orally (group 1b) and saline solution (Fragmin placebo) subcutaneously. Dimolegin - DD217 dose in each group will be blinded for the patient and the Investigator (double-blind method) using six tablets for each dose, of which some will contain Dimolegin - DD217, and the rest will be blinded as test drug placebo.~Patients from the reference group (group 2) will receive Fragmin in accordance with the instructions for medical use (5,000 IU s.c. 1 time per day with interval of 24 hours) and six placebo tablets blinded as the Dimolegin - DD217 test drug 1 time per day.~The first study drug dose will be taken in the morning the day after the surgery (visit V1). Then the study drug will be taken orally once a day (in the morning) for 12 days until day D13.~Bilateral phlebography (preferably) or USDS will be performed on the Day of the V13 visit.~As a result, Dimolegin - DD217 efficacy and safety in prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in total knee replacement (TKR) compared with standard therapy with Fragmin will be investigated. The study of PD/PK properties and the analysis of safety parameters will allow for choosing the optimal doses of the drug in terms of efficacy for phase 3 clinical trial.~During the study, following the safety analysis (if the frequency of cumulative major and clinically significant minor bleedings is more than 25 %) and treatment efficacy (if non-inferiority of the lowest dose is statistically significantly proved with 90 % confidence), IDMC recommendations, one of the Dimolegin - DD217 groups can be closed, and subjects may start to be enrolled to the 20-mg dose (group 1b). If randomization to one of the Dimolegin - DD217 groups is terminated prematurely, patients who have yet to be randomized can be randomized either to an open group or to a new group with an even lower dose (20 mg). In this case, randomization will be adapted to maintain a balance in sample size between all Dimolegin - DD217 groups and reference group. Based on the recommendations of IDMC, the sample size for a certain dose of Dimolegin - DD217 can be increased, while the sample size for other doses will be reduced so that the maximum planned number of patients is not exceeded.~Patients will be closely monitored for expected outcomes. The main outcomes on efficacy and safety will be centrally considered in IDMC. Investigators will have to inform IDMC in a timely manner about the expected occurrence of efficacy and safety outcomes (if possible, within 24 hours, fill out a package of documents for expert review and send it to IDMC) and report these outcomes in the electronic case report form in a timely manner (if possible within 24 hours). The Expert Committee will check the quality of the documents, including checking the data completeness.~The analysis of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics will be carried out using validated analytical methods.~It is planned to randomize 240 patients (160 patients in two different groups of Dimolegin - DD217 therapy and 80 patients in the reference group of Fragmin (INN: dalteparin).~The number of patients included in the study and randomized to receive Dimolegin - DD217, at the first stage, can be increased in the case of starting recruitment to additional group 1b.~The maximum number of patients who can be included in the study at the first stage is 320.~In total, no more than 480 patients can take part in the screening. The study population will consist of adult patients aged 18 years and older who need an elective primary unilateral TKR (cement or cementless replacement).~The study will consist of a screening period, a clinical phase of the study and a follow-up period. Screening (visit V0) and hospitalization - must be performed no later than 14 days before surgery.~The clinical phase of the study will consist of a period of knee arthroplasty surgery and standard thromboprophylaxis, a period of randomization (V1) and administration of the test drug and reference drug (including in-patient follow-up, sampling for PK and PD analysis and monitoring of adverse events (AEs) in hospital, V1-V13) and a subsequent follow-up period 1 and 4 weeks (V14, V15) after the V13 visit.~The duration of the in-patient period is at least 14 (± 1) days, the period of out-patient follow-up is 4 weeks ± 3 days. Total study duration will not exceed 60 days.~PK and PD parameters will be determined in patients who voluntarily give their consent to participate in the PKS and PDS and sign a Patient Information Leaflet with an informed consent form for participation in the PKS and PDS.~PK parameters are planned to be determined in 18-20 patients (50 % of each sex) in each patient group. Participation in the voluntary part of PK study will be offered to all patients.~PK parameters will be calculated by the model-independent method.~For PKS and PDS, blood sampling will be carried out:~At randomization visit in fasting condition before the standard therapy administration;~In 1; 2; 4; 5; 6; 8; 12 hours after taking the first drug dose at the V1 visit;~At visit days V2-V12 - 2 points each. The first point is 5-30 minutes before test drug/reference drug administration. The second is 4 hours ± 5 minutes after receiving the test drug/reference drug.~At visit days (V13, V14, V15) - 1 point each. Total: 33 points. The total volume of blood for PK and PD studies to be collected from a patient during the study will not exceed 165 mL.~The Independent Data Monitoring Committee (IDMC) will regularly (at least after each planned interim analysis) receive up-to-date information on the outcomes of the study (in particular, on the frequency of combined outcome in terms of efficacy and frequency of major bleeding in different treatment groups) and adverse events (related to the study drug). IDMC will provide recommendations on the continuation or termination of patients' enrollment into the study groups, as well as on the need to start enrollment into an additional group (1b).~The analysis of the composite endpoint frequency will be carried out using a generalized linear model for binary response. The model will include a categorical predictor therapy group. The comparison will be performed by calculating simple contrasts. The Fragmin group will be selected as the reference category.~A formal conclusion about superiority will be made if the lower limit of the specified confidence intervals exceeds the value of 0.0.~A formal conclusion on non-inferiority will be made if the lower limit of the specified confidence intervals exceeds the value of -0.05 (-5.0 %).
This study is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, prospective phase 2 dose ranging study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Dimolegin - DD217 in prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in patients underwent knee replacement.~The study model is at each stage in parallel groups. Dimolegin - DD217 efficacy and safety in prevention of venous thromboembolic complications during knee replacement in groups of 80 patients will be investigated.~Patients who meet all inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be randomized into three therapy groups: two therapy groups of the test drug Dimolegin - DD217 (40 mg (group 1a) and 60 mg (group 1b)) and one reference group (Fragmin).~Bilateral phlebography (preferably) or ultrasound duplex scanning (USDS) will be performed on the Day of the V13 visit.~It is planned to randomize 240 patients (160 patients in two different groups of Dimolegin - DD217 therapy and 80 patients in the reference group of Fragmin (INN: dalteparin).~The number of patients included in the study and randomized to receive Dimolegin - DD217, at the first stage, can be increased in the case of starting recruitment to additional group 1b.~The maximum number of patients who can be included in the study at the first stage is 320.~In total, no more than 480 patients can take part in the screening. Pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters will be determined in patients who voluntarily give their consent to participate in the pharmacokinetic study (PKS) and pharmacodynamic study (PDS) and sign a Patient Information Leaflet with an informed consent form for participation in the PKS and PDS.~PK parameters are planned to be determined in 18-20 patients (50 % of each sex) in each patient group. Participation in the voluntary part of PK study will be offered to all patients.~The analysis of the composite endpoint frequency will be carried out using a generalized linear model for binary response.~A formal conclusion about superiority will be made if the lower limit of the specified confidence intervals exceeds the value of 0.0.~A formal conclusion on non-inferiority will be made if the lower limit of the specified confidence intervals exceeds the value of -0.05 (-5.0 %).