Genetic alterations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) clone are well known prognostic risk factors of AML relapse. Standard risk group includes favorable t (15;17) (q22; q21) and inv (16)/t (16;16). High-risk patients have a complex karyotype rearrangement (3 and more), inversion of the long arm in 3rd chromosome and EVI1 gene rearrangement, monosomy 5 and 7, translocations involving KMT2A gene and several rare translocations. All other genotype alterations attributed to the moderate risk group.~Besides genetic factors, detection of the minimal residual disease (MRD) after initial chemotherapy and its decrease rate after 1st postremission chemotherapy with high dose Cytarabine and anthracyclines, plays a crucial role in the development of the morphologic relapse. Patients with PCR-MRD<0,1% after 2 courses of chemotherapy have a 30% or less risk of relapse, while PCR-MRD>0,1% - over 70%. In the clinical trial investigators are planning to measure MRD either by immune-phenotype, or PCR methods, in 3 check-points and it will be one of decision-making control parameter for the optimal therapy tactics.~Patients with initially high-risk group and those with high MRD after 2 initial courses of chemotherapy will be assigned to the allogenic transplantation of the hematopoietic stem cells from HLA- matched or haploidentical family donors.
Minimal-residual disease (MRD) will be measured either by flow cytometry, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods, in 3 check-points and it will be one of the decision-making control parameter for the optimal therapy tactics.~Patients with initially high-risk group and those with high MRD after 2 initial courses of chemotherapy will be assigned to the allogenic transplantation of the hematopoietic stem cells from Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) matched or haploidentical family donors.