Preterm infants are at high risk of stunting due to premature birth, insufficient intrauterine nutrient reserves, burden of various diseases after birth, and persistent nutrient liabilities. The growth retardation of premature infants at different developmental stages has an important impact on both short-term survival and long-term health. The growth and development data of premature infants during hospitalization and after discharge are very limited in foreign countries. Domestic researches on growth retardation of preterm infants only involve retrospective cross-sectional studies during hospitalization, and lack of prospective follow-up study data on growth and development data of premature infants during hospitalization and after discharge.~In this cohort, prospective clinical cohort study was used to establish a follow-up cohort of preterm infants with different gestational ages. The regular monitoring indexes of physical development and neuropsychological development of preterm infants from birth to 3 years after birth were collected. The influencing factors of preterm infants' development at different stages were recorded, and the high-risk factors leading to different stages of preterm infants' growth retardation were analyzed. In order to provide a strong scientific basis for the development evaluation and intervention of premature infants in China, a systematic and scientific clinical cohort study method was explored to improve the overall medical quality and medical level of the Department and further promote the development of the discipline.
In this cohort, prospective clinical cohort study was used to establish a follow-up cohort of preterm infants with different gestational ages. The regular monitoring indexes of physical development and neuropsychological development of preterm infants from birth to 3 years after birth were collected. The influencing factors of preterm infants' development at different stages were recorded, and the high-risk factors leading to different stages of preterm infants' growth retardation were analyzed.