Kidney transplant patients, iatrogenic immunosuppression established, essential to limit the transplant. Kidney transplant patients, iatrogenic immunosuppression established, essential to limit the transplant rejection, exposes patients to an increased risk of infections, including human papillomavirus (HPV).~These patients thus constitute a population at risk of developing cancers associated with HPV. Indeed, a recent meta-analysis indicated that the standardized incidence ratio for cancers associated with HPV increases dramatically in kidney transplant: SIR of 2.13 (95% CI 1.37 to 3.30) for the cervical, RIS 22.76 (95% CI 15.8 to 32.7) for the vulva and vagina, RIS 15.8 (95% CI 5.79 to 34.40) for the penis, RIS 4.85 (95% CI 1.36 to 17.3) and RIS to the anus of 3.23 (95% CI 2.40 to 4.35) for the oral cavity and pharynx. In fact, transplant patients are subject to increased surveillance to detect the onset and / or progression of lesions (pre) cancerous, especially anogenital level. Data on HPV infection in the genital area of kidney transplant patients are few and concern cohorts with a modest number of subjects. Indeed, it is difficult to estimate the prevalence of infection and know precisely genotypes of HPV present in anogenital level. Similarly, some studies report the presence of anti-HPV antibodies in transplant patients.~The main goal of project is to study the distribution of HPV genotypes in the anogenital area and peripheral humoral immune responses HPV (total and neutralizing Ab) before and after renal transplantation. Furthermore, the investigators wish (i) establish whether there is a correlation between HPV infection and HPV immune response before and after transplantation, and (ii) determine whether there is a link between HPV infection and immunosuppression.
The main goal of project is to study the distribution of HPV genotypes in the anogenital area and peripheral humoral immune responses HPV (total and neutralizing Ab) before and after renal transplantation. Furthermore, the investigators wish (i) establish whether there is a correlation between HPV infection and HPV immune response before and after transplantation, and (ii) determine whether there is a link between HPV infection and immunosuppression.