This study is a prospective randomized clinical trial. The purpose of this 4-stage study is to explore the effects of patient-preferred music, relaxation music, and standard care environment on patients in intensive care units.~Stage 1: Recommendation of relaxation music by music therapists who serves as expert panel~Stage 2: Analysis of recommended relaxation music by music therapists~Stage 3: Content validation of relaxation music by healthy adults~Stage 4: Comparison of patients' physiological, psychological, and biological responses to patient-preferred music, relaxation music, and standard care environment
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of patient-preferred music, relaxation music, and standard care environment on patients in intensive care units.