OBJECT:~Failed back surgery syndrome is still a challenging therapeutic problem. Clinical studies have demonstrated a significant association between lumbar spinal fibrosis after lumbar discectomy and the recurrence of radicular pain in 25% of cases. Forceful epidural infiltrations, radiotherapy, therapy with D-penicillamine or surgical procedures have had unfavourable results in terms of pain and cost. Magnetic resonance imaging reveals lumbar spinal fibrosis by a hyposignal in the T1 sequence and a hypersignal in T2 sequence around the spinal tissue. Tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-a) is the main cytokine implicated in the formation of tissue fibrosis. In animal models of fibrosis, TNF-a inhibition has been shown to prevent and treat tissue fibrosis.~HYPOTHESIS:~Inhibiting TNF-a could significantly decrease sciatica pain because of lumbar spinal fibrosis after lumbar discectomy by decreasing spinal fibrosis.~METHODS:~We propose a 2-year pilot prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study of TNF-a inhibitor (infliximab) in patients with sciatica as a result of postoperative lumbar spinal fibrosis. The infliximab group will receive one intravenous injection of 3 mg/kg infliximab. The control group will receive one physiological serum injection. Patients will be evaluated at day 0, 10, 30, 90, and 180. The main evaluation criterion will be sciatica pain as measured on a visual analog scale, with the objective of a 50% decrease in pain at day 10. This objective leads to a size of 20 patients per group. The other evaluation criteria will be clinical, functional, social, and professional. Patients will be recruited from the rehabilitation unit at Cochin teaching hospital.
TNF-alpha is the main cytokine implicated in the formation of lumbar spinal fibrosis. Inhibiting TNF-alpha could significantly decrease spinal fibrosis after lumbar discectomy.