PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:~I. To determine if our ventilatory strategy to prevent atelectasis (VESPA) can reduce the intra-procedural development of atelectasis during bronchoscopy under general anesthesia when compared with conventional mechanical ventilation.~SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:~I. To describe proportion of VESPA-induced complications. II. To describe and compare proportion of bronchoscopy-induced complications in VESPA and control arms.~OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 groups.~GROUP I: Patients receive anesthesia using a standard short breathing tube called laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and then undergo standard of care bronchoscopy.~GROUP II: Patients receive anesthesia using a longer breathing tube called an endotracheal tube and then undergo standard of care bronchoscopy.
This trial compares two different types of ventilation for the prevention of partial or complete collapsed lung (atelectasis) in patients undergoing bronchoscopy under general anesthesia. Ventilatory strategy to prevent atelectasis (VESPA) may work better than standard of care mechanical ventilation to reduce the intra-procedural development of atelectasis during bronchoscopy under general anesthesia.