The American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial demonstrated that in clinically node-negative women with T1 or T2 invasive breast cancer, who underwent breast-conserving surgery (BCT) with whole breast irradiation (WBRT), had excellent local control and survival with SLND alone, even if metastases were found in 1 or 2 SLNs. Recently, the long-term follow-up data of the Z0011 study were reported, which demonstrated that the 10-year OS for patients receiving SLND alone was not inferior to that for those receiving ALND.~This breakthrough result of the Z0011 study led to a change in clinical practice regarding the standard management of axillary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.~However, these validation data have been generated in Western populations. As the socio-economic profile, life style and culture of Asian are substantially different from those of Western, and genetic backgrounds vary to some extent, it remains unclear whether results similar to those of the Z0011 study could be achieved in a Chinese breast cancer population. In the present study, we prospectively applied the Z0011 eligibility criteria to Chinese patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer undergoing BCT, with planned RT. The purpose of this study is the clinicopathological relevance of the Z0011 findings for Chinese patients with breast cancer, and to verify the feasibility of using the Z0011 criteria to avoid ALND after positive SLN findings.~This is a prospective single-arm study, enrolled patients meeting Z0011 inclusion criteria and providing consent to receive no additional ALND. Overall survival is the primary end point, disease-free survival and occurrence of surgical morbidities a secondary end point.
In patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery and having positive sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs), the ACOSOG Z0011 trial showed equivalent overall survival(OS) and disease-free survival(DFS) outcomes for patients receiving SLN dissection (SLND) alone and those receiving axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We conducted a prospective single-arm study to confirm the applicability of the Z0011 criteria to Chinese patients with breast cancer.