Cancer is the excessive and uncontrolled proliferation of a group of cells in the body. Problems experienced in cancers (cachectic cancers) which are known to be more underweight than other types of cancer; nutritional deficiencies, increasing muscle and adipose tissue atrophy, and psychological problems accompanying cachexia. Weight loss is approximately 60-80% in some GIS and US cancers. Although the mechanism of weight loss in cancer has not been fully elucidated, the importance of proinflammatory cytokines (Tumor necrosis faktör-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 (IL-1), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) factors over-synthesized by the body and factors causing muscle and fat atrophy (Proteolysis inducing factors (PIF)and Zinc- α-2 glycoprotein (ZAG) released from tumor cells, is known, but new and more precise agents for the treatment of cachexia are under investigation.~With the project investigators propose, investigators aim to find answers to the following questions: The fact that irisin and adropin are slimming the proteins that cause an increase in weight loss, and the excessive wasting (cachexia) in some types of cancer makes us wonder whether these factors may be cachectic factors for some GIS and US cancers? It is aimed to determine the relationship between irisin, atropine, some cachectic factors (PIF, ZAG), and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) at tissue and plasma levels in these types of cancer. In addition, will psychoeducation and nutrition education be applied to patients have an effect on cachexia? Experimental approaches to be used to find answers to such questions make this project unique.~In this project, first of all, irisin and atropine will be compared to a combination of cachectic factors and cytokines due to, whether the effect of irisin and atropine on the formation of cancer cachexia at the level of gene and protein in tissue and plasma samples taken from 240 patients diagnosed with GIS (gastric, colon) and UC (bladder, renal) cancer. Nutritional and psychological education will be provided at regular intervals and the patient parameters will be remeasured at the plasma levels. In addition, body mass index monitoring and routine biochemical tests of all patients will be performed during this period. Statistically, Student-t will be used in binary comparisons and ANOVA tests will be used in triple comparisons.~If our hypothesis is realized, new cachectic factors have been identified, specific markers have been identified for GIS and UC cancers, the effect of psychological and nutritional education on cachexia will be answered within the scope of this project.~In line with the data to be obtained from this project in terms of career planning, atrophy and cachexia can be slowed down by injection of irisin and atropine to animals with cachectic cancer models in future projects and it can be planned to treat cancer types with high attenuation. In cancer patients, whose name creates fear in the society, affects people both physiologically and psychologically, and leads people to the bottom in the weakening coexistence, investigators aim to prevent psychological improvement as well as to prevent nutritional deficiencies and to increase the life expectancy in a lifetime. This multicenter and interdisciplinary project that investigators envisaged will enable us to show that investigators are ready for international projects.
With the project investigators propose, investigators aim to find answers to the following questions: The fact that irisin and atropine are slimming the proteins that cause an increase in weight loss, and the excessive wasting (cachexia) in some types of cancer makes us wondering whether these factors may be cachectic factors for some GIS and US cancers? It is aimed to determine the relationship between irisin, atropine, some cachectic factors (PIF, ZAG), and cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6) at tissue and plasma levels in these types of cancer. In addition, will psycho and nutrition education be applied to patients have an effect on cachexia? Experimental approaches to be used to find answers to such questions make this project unique.