IBD patients attending the Stanford Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) clinic and age-matched healthy controls are screened for eligibility. Informed consent is obtained for eligible subjects. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire is administered to assess risk factors for HPV. For IBD patients, information regarding IBD diagnosis and treatment is obtained.~An anal pap smear is performed at the time of a clinic visit or at the time of an already scheduled colonoscopy. Samples are collected and processed at Stanford pathology where a blinded pathologist reads all specimens. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing is performed on all specimens. All patients with anal squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASIL) are referred to a colorectal surgeon for further recommendations or treatment, which includes a high-resolution anoscopy.
This study is designed to establish the prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASIL) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy controls.