An open-labeled intervention study testing healthy, lean, and male volunteers on two separate occasions with at least 48 hours apart.~blood sampling after consuming 36 gram 3-Hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) salt.~blood sampling while given a variable rate of 3-OHB salt intravenously to replicate the concentrations seen during oral consumption.~The primary outcome is differences in insulin concentrations (incremental AUC) 180 minutes after 3-OHB consumed orally vs. intravenously.~Secondary outcomes includes iAUC for other gastrointestinal hormones and substrates (Glucagon, GLP-1, GIP, glucose, and 3-OHB) Gastric emptying will be evaluated using 1500 mg Paracetamol consumption before each intervention day. Urine will be analyzed for ketone concentrations/excretion rates.
An open-labeled intervention study testing healthy, lean, and male volunteers on two separate occasions:~blood sampling after consuming 36 gram 3-Hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) salt.~blood sampling while given a variable rate of 3-OHB salt intravenously to replicate the concentrations seen during oral consumption.~The primary outcome is differences in insulin concentrations (incremental AUC) 180 minutes after 3-OHB consumed orally vs. intravenously.~Secondary outcomes includes iAUC for other gastrointestinal hormones and substrates (Glucagon, GLP-1, GIP, glucose, and 3-OHB) Gastric emptying will be evaluated using 1500 mg Paracetamol consumption before each intervention day. Urine will be analyzed for ketone concentrations/excretion rates.