Dura mater is an important structural cell layer on the surface of brain serving as an important barrier for brain protection. Dural defects could be caused by a vast variety of factors, including trauma, tumor invasion, increased volume of the intra-cranial contents, certain congenital diseases, surgical procedures and etc. Most of dural defects may lead to subcutaneous effusion and CSF leakage, which may result in infection; besides, direct adhesion of brain tissues with sub-scalp tissues also increase the risk of epilepsy, in severe cases, dural defect is considered a life-threatening condition. Repairing of dura mater to restore its full integrity is proved to reduce the incidences of its complications, such as CSF leakage, epilepsy and etc. In particular, the outcomes of neurosurgeries are largely dependent of the post-operative integrity of dura mater.~most of the currently available products require surgical dural suturing, which elongate the duration of operation; nevertheless, some surgical site are unsuitable for suturing. The currently marketed non-suture dural substitutes and mainly made of a single material with a single-layered structure, which are significantly different from the natural structure of extracellular matrix, poorly mimicking the microstructure of dural mater; hence, the structures and surface properties of such products do not meet the requirements for local cellular regeneration post dural repairs, resulting in poor repair outcomes. Besides, the increased contractility of these products after water absorption also impose a certain extent of risk in practical application, since dural repairing surgeries are mainly conducted on the defective site of soft cerebral tissues.~As a product prepared by using bionic technology, Dural Repair Patch manufactured by Guangzhou Medprin Regenerative Medical Technologies Co., Ltd. is able to mimic porous fiber biomimetic structure that facilitate the cellular growth on the stent. Through effective control over the bionic technology parameters, the diameter, aperture and porosity of the fiber are almost identical to the in vivo tissue structure, so as to improve the cellular adhesion and growth on the sten. Increased strength, suitable ductility and improved hydrophilicity all contribute to the excellent flexibility and adhesiveness of the finished product able to adhesive closely to the autologous tissues, meeting the clinical requirements. Being made of absorbable polymer materials widely accepted in clinical product, the product has a highly bionic 3-dimensional structure which is proved to facilitate migration and growth of regenerative cells, as well as to accelerate the growth and repairing of regenerative meninges. While the material is degraded gradually and absorbed by the body, regenerative meningeal tissue is gradually formed, achieving true reconstruction of the dura mater.~Design and methods~4.1 Subjects who meet the inclusion criteria are randomized in accordance with the admission time; routine blood test, liver and kidney function test, as well as cellular and humoral immunity test are conducted prior to the surgery.~4.2 Location, characteristics and size of the defects,as well as the conditions of surgical incision are all observed intra-operatively.~4.3 Dura mater membrane repairing surgeries are conducted by closely attaching either an appropriately-sized test product or reference product to the defected part of dura mater membrane, before the incision in the skull is closed by using a conventional approach.~4.4 The subjects'conditions are reviewed on Day 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 post operations, respectively.~4.5 Lumbar puncture is conducted on Day 10±2 post operation based on the subject's conditions, in order to measure the intracranial pressure and test for cerebrospinal fluid leakage; routine blood, liver and kidney function, as well as cellular and humoral immunity are re-tested on Day 10±2 post operation and the values obtained are compared with the pre-operative baseline measurements and recorded, so as to evaluate the clinical significance; On Day 10±2 post operation, cerebrospinal fluid leakage or subcutaneous effusion are examined by CT scan and clinical examinations, so as to assess the relationship of such events to the test/reference product.~4.6 For subjects who received a re-operation in the same location or a second neurosurgery, the conditions of test product or reference product in the repairing site is observed, e.g. examine (combined with histological test) product adhesion with cerebral tissues and etc.~4.7 The subjects are asked to attend a return visit or a telephone follow-up session on Day 90±10 and 180±20 post operation.
Most of dural defects may lead to subcutaneous effusion and Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF) leakage, which may result in infection; besides, direct adhesion of brain tissues with sub-scalp tissues also increase the risk of epilepsy, in severe cases, dural defect is considered a life-threatening condition. So, it's important to repair the dura mater for restoring its full integrity .~Dural Repair Patch(ReDura Onlay) manufactured by Guangzhou Medprin Regenerative Medical Technologies Co., Ltd. As a product made of clinical absorbable polymer materials by using bionic technology, Dural Repair Patch has highly bionic 3-dimensional structure which is proved to facilitate migration and growth of regenerative cells, as well as to accelerate the growth and repairing of regenerative meninges. While the material is degraded gradually and absorbed by the body, regenerative meningeal tissue is gradually formed, achieving true reconstruction of the dura mater.~To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Dural Repair Patch in neurosurgical repairs of dural defects.