The overall objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of molecular markers in patients with benign and malignant thyroid lesions. This study consists of:~Retrospective review of archived surgical pathology specimens at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) from patients with thyroid cancer or benign thyroid disease (nodules or goiter) who underwent thyroidectomy and/or neck dissection as standard of care. Molecular markers will be evaluated on archived tissue.~Molecular markers will be correlated with clinical information extracted from OHSU medical records: histologic subtype of cancer, measures of tumor aggressiveness (capsular and angiolymphatic invasion, local invasion, lymph node and distant metastases, TNM stage(TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours)) and clinical outcome (recurrence, distant metastases and death).~Patients with other malignancies presenting for standard of care services will have peripheral blood collected for DNA, RNA and buffy coat/white blood cells as a positive control for the DNA/RNA isolation techniques and mutation assays, as other cancers commonly express some of the same mutations. Normals will have peripheral blood collected for DNA, RNA and buffy coat/white blood cells as a negative control for the DNA/RNA isolation techniques and mutation assays.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate how common gene mutations are in benign and malignant thyroid lesions.