Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease affecting approximately 90 000 patients in France, mostly at young age, and altering their quality of life.~Conventional Immunosuppressive treatment (ie azathioprine, anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor ), vedolizumab) used in UC are expensive and associated with potentially severe complications such as infections and cancers.~UC pathogenesis remains poorly understood but involves an inappropriate immune response toward an unbalanced gut microbiota (called dysbiosis) in predisposed hosts.~Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is now recommended in guidelines for treating recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. Although the pathogenesis involved in UC is different, FMT is a potential therapeutic strategy as transferring a healthy microbiota in an UC patient could restore the appropriate host-microbiota crosstalk.~As the gut microbiota is dramatically altered by intestinal inflammation, transferring a massive amount of microbial organisms in an inflamed gut with epithelial barrier disruption might be a suboptimal strategy and could even have detrimental effects by allowing bacterial translocation.~Thus, it's possible that performing FMT in UC patients who achieved remission after conventional treatment might be associated with better clinical outcome than in patients with active disease.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease. UC pathogenesis remains poorly understood but involves an inappropriate immune response toward an unbalanced gut microbiota (called dysbiosis) in predisposed hosts.~The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the fecal microbiota transplantation on UC.