Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gut that cause major life-long disability. Afflicting mostly young people at an age when they are most active both in their private and professional life, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents an important public health problem affecting both the patients education, working abilities, social life . In the past two decades, the incidence and prevalence of CD and UC have been rapidly increasing in Asia. Familial aggregation, twin studies, and recent genetic studies suggest that there is an important genetic component to IBD. In the West, genome wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 50 genes associated with CD including genes involved in bacterial handling, NOD 2, and the genes involved in autophagy ATG16L1 and IRGM. Only a few of these genes have been studied in Asian populations. Of those which have been studied, such as NOD2, there have been clear differences from Western populations. To date most of the GWA studies have been carried out in cohorts of Caucasian patients. Genetic studies in ethnically different populations may identify new causal variants in IBD, which are likely to lead to further insights into pathophysiology and potential treatments. The aim is to perform a GWA study in Chinese patients with CD and UC. Identifying new genes in Chinese patients will help the investigators to understand the biological pathway and functions in a population in whom the incidence of IBD is increasing. As part of a collaborative project with China, we aim to collect blood samples from 1600 IBD patients and 2000 control subjects in Hong Kong to conduct a GWA study. Samples of 300 IBD patients and 500 controls will be contributed to a collaborative project with China.
The aim of this study is to identify new genes in Chinese patients that help investigators to understand the biological pathway and functions in a population in whom the incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is increasing. And to explore the genetic variations in Chinese patients with IBD.