Currently, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains the only curative therapy for a majority of malignant hematologic diseases, especially acute leukemia. HSCT from MSD offers the best results for these diseases, but lack of this donor resource has restricted its wide application. HSCT from MUD provides another option, but MUDs still cannot satisfy all patients due to unsuccessful donor searches. Almost all patients have an available related donor with whom they share a single HLA haplotype (ie, haploidentical related donor), and it owns the advantage of immediate availability, especially for those who urgently need transplantation.The results of transplantation from HRD have improved significantly over the past few years. However, the results from such haploidentical transplantation have not formally been compared with those of transplantation in patients contemporaneously using MSDs and MUDs for hematologic malignancy.
The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) from matched sibling donor (MSD),matched unrelated donor (MUD) and haploidentical related donors(HRD) in the treatment of hematologic malignancy.