Background: This study was conducted to examine the effect of local hot and cold applications on pain, anxiety level, length of application, and vein evaluation prior to inserting PVC.~Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted with patients who were hospitalised in the cardiology department of a university hospital. The sample was comprised of 90 individuals, including 30 in the cold application group, 30 in the hot application group, and 30 in the control group receiving treatment in the Cardiology Clinic between November and December 2018.
Background: This study was conducted to examine the effect of local hot and cold applications on pain, anxiety level, length of application, and vein evaluation prior to inserting PVC.~Methods: This randomised controlled trial was conducted with patients who were hospitalised in the cardiology department of a university hospital. PVC was inserted, the researcher applied a hot or cold application to the catheter insertion site for one minute.