Development of atrioventricular (AV) conduction system abnormalities requiring placement of a permanent pacemaker (PPM) is a known complication of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Male gender, pre-existing AV conduction system abnormalities, transient AV block intra-procedurally, and use of a self-expanding valve have all been associated with increased risk of AV block and need for permanent pacemaker placement. Persistent AV conduction abnormalities have been documented in approximately 15% of patients who receive an Edwards Sapien valve, with 4% requiring permanent pacemaker placement. 22-28% of patients who receive a CoreValve require permanent pacemaker placement in some studies. In one study, 78% of patients who underwent His bundle electrogram assessment during CoreValve placement had transient or persistent AV conduction system abnormalities during the procedure.~Pacemakers placed at The Heart Hospital Baylor Plano are produced by two manufactures: Medtronic, Inc. and St. Jude Medical, Inc. Each of these manufacturers have pacemakers with algorithms designed to minimize right ventricular pacing. Medtronic's algorithm is referred to as MVP (Managed Ventricular Pacing), and St. Jude Medical's algorithm is referred to as VIP (Ventricular Intrinsic Preference). Each of these techniques purports to reduce unnecessary right ventricular (RV) pacing through a novel pacemaker algorithm. Both manufacturers' pacemaker programmers and remote monitoring systems allow for demonstration of the percentage of ventricular pacing performed by the device.~The Investigators propose to assess the 90 day- ventricular pacing, atrioventricular block (AVB), intraventricular conduction delay (IVCD), bundle branch block (BBB), and rate histogram incidence in those patients who undergo pacemaker implantation due to elevated risk (or occurrence of) high-grade AV block after TAVR.
The purpose of this study is to assess the incidence (at 90-days) of ventricular pacing in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker placement after TAVR.~As well as incidence (at 90-days) of atrioventricular block (AVB), intraventricular conduction delay (IVCD), bundle branch block (BBB), and rate histogram in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker placement after TAVR.