Lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection (LTFESI) is widely used in clinical practice to effectively deliver injectate into the ventral epidural space. Complications associated with intravascular injection such as spinal cord infarction and paraplegia can occur during LTFESI. The incidence of intravascular injection during LTFESI was known as 9.9% ~ 17.7%. To improve the safety of the procedure, avoidance of intravascular injection is crucial, for which appropriate needle selection is important. Currently, the most commonly used block needles in LTFESI are straight or bent chiba needles.~The primary aim of this study was to compare intravascular injection rates during LTFESI between commonly used straight and bent chiba needles.
The primary aim of this study was to compare intravascular injection rates during LTFESI between commonly used straight and bent chiba needles.