Purpose Hypercatabolism and immune suppression are frequently seen in patients with malignancy.Preoperative nutritional state is an important factor in determining surgical and postoperative complications because the preoperative nutritional status affects the postoperative nutritional state, immunity and inflammatory response.In these patients, standard parenteral nutrition may not be sufficient to maintain the immunity and provide positive or stabilized nitrogen balance. Preoperative and perioperative supplementation with immune-enhancing enteral nutrition has been reported to increase total lymphocytes and T lymphocytes and decrease circulating levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor- alfa.There is a report which showed that glutamine dipeptide supplemented parenteral nutrition improved the cellular and humoral immune functions. The investigators aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative glutamine-dipeptide and/or omega 3 fatty acid supplemented parenteral nutrition on the neutrophil functions and postoperative course of patients with colorectal cancer.~Condition Intervention Phase Malnutrition Colorectal Cancer Dietary Supplement: Immunonutrition Phase 4~Study Type: Interventional Study Design: Prevention, Parallel Assignment, Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Randomized, N/A~Official Title: Effects Of Standard And/Or Glutamine Dipeptide And/Or Omega-3 Fatty Ascid-Supplemented Parenteral Nutrition On Neutrophil Functions, Interleukin-8 Level And Length Of Stay-A Double Blind,Controlled, Randomized Study~Primary Outcome Measure: Title: neutrophil functions Time Frame: perioperative,postoperative third and seventh days for change in first seven days of hospital stay Description: For comparison of four different nutrition on neutrophil functions in first seven days of hospital stays.~Secondary Outcome Measures: Title: Length of stay Time Frame: Length of stay (participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay) for colorectal cancer patients which are eligable for study study from january 2007 to january 2008 in one year period.~Description: For comparison of four different nutrition on length of stay (participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay)~Actual Enrollment: 36 Study Start Date: January 2007 Actual Study Completion Date: January 2008 Actual Primary Completion Date: January 2008~Arms Assigned Interventions Active Comparator: Control an isocaloric and iso-nitrogenous standard parenteral nutrition~Dietary Supplement: Immunonutrition Parenteral nutrition provided 25-30 kcal/kg/day energy and 0.15-0.20 g/kg/day nitrogen. The dose of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation was 0.1-0.2 g/kg /day and it was 0.3-0.4 g/kg/day for glutamine dipeptide supplementation. All nutrient substrates were mixed in 3 litre bags and infused in 24 h through a dedicated central venous line~Experimental: Standard parenteral-glutamine (S-D) alanine-glutamine (aln-gln) (Dipeptiven) supplemented parenteral nutrition (S-D group, n=8),~Dietary Supplement: Immunonutrition Parenteral nutrition provided 25-30 kcal/kg/day energy and 0.15-0.20 g/kg/day nitrogen. The dose of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation was 0.1-0.2 g/kg /day and it was 0.3-0.4 g/kg/day for glutamine dipeptide supplementation. All nutrient substrates were mixed in 3 litre bags and infused in 24 h through a dedicated central venous line~Experimental: Standard-Omega-3 fatty acid (S-O) Omega-3 fatty acid (Omegaven) supplemented parenteral nutrition (S-O group, n=8)~Dietary Supplement: Immunonutrition Parenteral nutrition provided 25-30 kcal/kg/day energy and 0.15-0.20 g/kg/day nitrogen. The dose of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation was 0.1-0.2 g/kg /day and it was 0.3-0.4 g/kg/day for glutamine dipeptide supplementation. All nutrient substrates were mixed in 3 litre bags and infused in 24 h through a dedicated central venous line~Experimental: Standard-glutamine-omega 3 (S-D-O) ala-gln and omega 3 fatty ascid supplemented parenteral nutrition (S-D-O group, n=10).~Dietary Supplement: Immunonutrition Parenteral nutrition provided 25-30 kcal/kg/day energy and 0.15-0.20 g/kg/day nitrogen. The dose of omega 3 fatty acid supplementation was 0.1-0.2 g/kg /day and it was 0.3-0.4 g/kg/day for glutamine dipeptide supplementation. All nutrient substrates were mixed in 3 litre bags and infused in 24 h through a dedicated central venous line
Hypercatabolism and immune suppression are frequently seen in patients with malignancy. Preoperative nutritional state is an important factor in determining surgical and postoperative complications because the preoperative nutritional status affects the postoperative nutritional state, immunity and inflammatory response. In these patients, standard parenteral nutrition may not be sufficient to maintain the immunity and provide positive or stabilized nitrogen balance. Preoperative and perioperative supplementation with immune-enhancing enteral nutrition has been reported to increase total lymphocytes and T lymphocytes and decrease circulating levels of interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor- alfa. There is a report which showed that glutamine dipeptide supplemented parenteral nutrition improved the cellular and humoral immune functions. The investigators aimed to evaluate the effect of postoperative glutamine-dipeptide and/or omega 3 fatty acid supplemented parenteral nutrition on the neutrophil functions and postoperative course of patients with colorectal cancer.