to assess stone free rate, number of sessions and complications of flexible ureteroscopy holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy compared to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in the management of lower calyceal stones less than 2 cm in size.
to assess safety, efficacy of Flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) holmium:YAG laser lithotripsy (LL) compared to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) in management of lower calyceal stones (LC) stones.