The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiographic evidence of periapical healing in teeth with apical periodontitis treated in a single visit with an additional final irrigation using 2% chlorhexidine and to compare the results with conventional multiple-visit root canal treatment (RCT) with an intracanal calcium hydroxide dressing as a control group. 100 asymptomatic molar teeth with periapical lesions were treated using engine-driven nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrumentation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 5% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as irrigants. Half of the teeth were randomly assigned to the one-visit (OV) group and received an additional final rinse with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) before obturation. The other teeth were treated in two visits (TV), after completion of root canal instrumentation calcium hydroxide paste was placed into the root canal and root canal obturation was performed in second visit. All patients were recalled and investigated clinically and radiographically for 48 months. Changes in apical bone density indicating radiographic healing were evaluated.
A hundred asymptomatic molar teeth with periapical lesions were treated in single versus multiple visit root canal treatment. Half of the teeth were randomly assigned to the one-visit (OV) group and received an additional final rinse with 2% CHX before obturation. The other teeth were treated in two visits (TV) with calcium hydroxide dressing. All patients were recalled and investigated clinically and radiographically for 48 months