The aim is to compare the effects of intrinsic foot muscles and tibialis posterior strengthening exercise, and customized arch support insoles on foot posture, plantar force distribution, and balance in individuals with flexible pes planus. Forty-two individuals with flexible pes planus will be recruited into the study according to the inclusion criteria. Participants will be randomly divided into three groups: (1) Exercise, (2) Insole, (3) Exercise plus Insole. Exercises will be performed three times per week for six weeks, also custom-made insoles will be worn for six weeks. Foot posture will be assessed using the Navicular drop, Valgus index and Foot posture index-6. Plantar force variables will be recorded by the pressure-sensitive mat (HR Mat, Tekscan, USA) mounted in the middle of the 6-meter walkway in three sessions: (1) Upright standing, (2) Walking at different speeds: self-selected slow, normal and fast speeds, (3) Walking just after the heel-rise test for endurance. Balance performance will be assessed by the Balance Master System (NeuroCom® International Inc., USA). The assessments will be made pre/post intervention and at 6-weeks follow-up.
The aim is to compare the effects of intrinsic foot muscles and tibialis posterior strengthening exercise, and customized arch support insoles on foot posture, plantar force distribution, and balance in individuals with flexible pes planus.