Trans rectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided prostate biopsy remains the standard for prostate cancer diagnosis. However, the standard protocols miss 15 to 30% of cancers, leading to a variable number of repeat biopsies.~In 2005 the Vienna nomogram was introduced, defining the number of cores to be obtained in a prostate biopsy in relation to age and prostate volume in patients with a serum PSA level of 2-10 ng/mL.~The objective of the study is to determine if the Vienna nomogram increases the detection rate of trans rectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsies, compared to a 10-core biopsy.~This prospective randomized study enrolled men eligible for a prostate biopsy were randomized to a Vienna nomogram protocol or a 10-core protocol. They were further stratified according to age (≤65; >65 and ≤70; >70 years) and prostate volume (≤30; >30 and ≤50; >50 and ≤70; >70 cc).~A subgroup analysis for patients with serum PSA values between 2 and 10 ng/mL was performed.
In this study, the investigators aim to determine if the Vienna nomogram increases the detection rate of TRUS-guided prostate biopsies by conducting a prospective randomized study comparing the Vienna nomogram with a 10-core biopsy protocol.