Traumatic brain injury is the main cause of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in the intensive care .~There are multiple methods for monitoring the raised ICP either invasive or non-invasive.The gold standard is the invasive devices because it is more accurate and reliable .However ,it requires a surgical intervention which has many hazards such as (infection ,hemorrhage,malfunction ).~Optic nerve sheath ultrasonography is a promising bedside tool for detection of increased ICP. The optic nerve is surrounded by cerebro-spinal fluid ,thus if the circulation of cerebro-spinal fluid not blocked ,an increase in ICP will be transmitted through the subarachnoid space around the optic nerve within the nerve sheath especially the retro-bulbar segment.~The study will be conducted to monitor the dynamic changes of intracranial pressure by optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in response to mannitol osmotherapy as a primary outcome and secondary to evaluate the efficacy of ONSD in assessing the severity of the disease
Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is a common and life threatening condition especially in patients with traumatic brain injury.There are many methods for monitoring the increased (ICP) either invasive or non- invasive ,but the gold standard is invasive method. Optic nerve sheath ultrasonography provides a very promising bedside tool for detection of increased ICP. This study will monitor the dynamic changes of intracranial pressure by optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in response to mannitol osmotherapy