Research has shown that during activities such as running and jumping, bare breasts move up and down as much as 12 cm. This is due to insufficient anatomical support within the breasts (https://sma.org.au/resources-advice/injury-fact-sheets/exercise-and-breast-support/).~Conventional bras do not provide enough breast support during athletic activities. Additionally, dynamic breast movement induces motion/slippage of conventional bra straps, skin chaffing due to friction, and skin irritation/abrasion/soreness due to impression of metal fixtures (e.g., hooks, underwires, etc.) within the bras. In response to the inadequacies of conventional bras, the first sports bras were invented in 1977. The sports bra (originally known as the Jogbra) is considered a groundbreaking item which helped remove a major barrier to women's participation in athletic activities. The original Jogbra was created by sewing 2 mens athletic supports together.~While the design of Jogbra was simple in its original form, updates to modern materials and sewing techniques over the past 45 years has spawned a wide variety of sports bras that are available worldwide. Modern sports bras vary in materials and construction techniques. These features dictate the sizes available for the bras was well as recommended uses for the bras. Most commercially available sport bras are designed for low to medium impact activities in sizes ranging from extra small (US bra size 32A) to extra large (40C). The design of most of these sports bras are similar to the original Jogbra design.~Despite the availability of sports bras in many sizes, materials, and constructions, women with larger breasts (cup sizes C+) still experience excessive breast movement during exercise, even while wearing a sports bra. Such movement is uncomfortable and may be embarrassing. Both breast discomfort and embarrassment are recognized as significant barriers to physical activity in women. Women with larger breast sizes thus require greater support from their sports bra (https://sma.org.au/resources-advice/injury-fact-sheets/exercise-and-breast-support/).~Unfortunately, due to the commercial desire to keep costs as low as possible in production of sports bras, the materials and designs used in most sports bras remain inadequate for women with larger breast sizes. In many cases, women with larger breast continue to wear a conventional bra underneath a sports bra or 2 sports bras together for increased breast support during athletic activities.~Recently, 2 companies (Shefit and Bounceless) have attempted to address this issue in the marketplace. Shefit is the larger of the 2 companies working to offer more supportive sports bra options. A recent study of sports bra performance in women with breast sizes ranging from AA-DD found that the Shefit Ultimate Sports bra performed similar to other sports bras offered by large manufacturers of athletic equipment (e.g., Nike, Underarmor) (Gibson et al. 2019). The Bounceless project was omitted from such testing. The Bounceless Control sports bra offers additional support beyond the Shefit Ultimate Sports bra as it is a long line (additional fabric that extends below the bust) sports bra with an internal breast band to support breasts during activity while also preventing multidirectional accelerations of breast material during activity.~The goal of the current project is to assess performance of the Bounceless Control sports bra versus: (1) the Shefit Ultimate Sports bra, and (2) conventional bra as worn by participants in a variety of athletic activities.~References:~Gibson TM, Balendra N, Ustinova KI, Langenderfer JE. Reductions in Kinematics from Brassieres with Varying Breast Support. International Journal of Exercise Science. 2019;12(1):402-411.
The goal of the current project is to assess performance of the Bounceless Control sports bra versus: (1) the Shefit Ultimate Sports bra, and (2) conventional bra as worn by participants in a variety of athletic activities.