Vascular disease is a major risk factor and contributor to dementia. Current interventions to manage vascular risk factors have mixed results. Presently, there are no consistently effective treatments targeting vascular cognitive impairment no dementia.~Study Aim: To evaluate the effect of exercise-primed tDCS on global cognition.~Study Design: Eligible participants will be randomized to one of four interventions: Exercise primer with tDCS, Treatment as usual (TAU/exercise education) with tDCS, or Exercise primer with sham tDCS, Treatment as usual with sham tDCS. Participants randomized to an exercise group will undergo exercise, followed by either sham or active tDCS. Participants randomized to TAU will receive written information in accordance with the Canadian Physical Activity Guidelines for older adults and tDCS or sham. Cognition, behaviour, neuroimaging and blood biomarkers will be measured.
People with vascular conditions are at risk of having memory problems, and these memory problems increase the risk for further cognitive decline. Brain stimulation has been used to improve mood and memory. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is believed to work best on brain cells that are active or primed before stimulation. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of exercise and tDCS on memory performance in patients who have completed cardiac rehabilitation and are at risk of cognitive decline.