A written informed consent was taken from the patients.patients will be randomly assigned to three groups of 40 subjects each; dexmedetomidine or ketamine or saline soaked pharyngeal packs were situated under direct vision. Throat packs made of gauze with a length of 20 cm and a width of 10 cm (folded transverse four times) and medications were diluted with 20 ml normal saline. The packings were placed by the surgeon blinded to the study groups.~1-Dexmedetomidine group: 75 µg dexmedetomidine soaked pharyngeal pack (Group D) putted in the posterior pharyngeal wall after induction of anesthesia and & endotracheal tube (ETT).~2-Ketamine group: 50 mg ketamine soaked pharyngeal pack (Group K) putted in the posterior pharyngeal wall after induction of anesthesia and ETT.~3-Control group: 20 ml 0.9% saline soaked pharyngeal pack (Group C) putted in the posterior pharyngeal wall after induction of anesthesia and ETT.
The aim of this randomized clinical trial is to evaluate the impact of dexmedetomidine versus ketamine soaked pharyngeal packing on postoperative sore throat in functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).