Depression is a prevalent and debilitating mental health condition that is relatively common in almost all countries around the world, including Vietnam, and is one of the largest burdens of health. Although effective treatments exist, many with depression do not receive appropriate care. In Vietnam, numerous barriers exist to implementation of evidence-based mental health services but recently there has been growing recognition of the need to address the treatment gap. In order to close the treatment gap for depression, within the health care system, effective depression care needs to be scaled up to a wider network of community health stations that are supported by the local psychiatric hospitals. However, it is unclear what the best implementation model is for supporting depression care in primary care settings.~The aim of this project is to compare three different models of implementation support for depression care in two Vietnam provinces: 1) Supported Implementation when implementation support is provided and 2) Sustainment Phases, when study funded implementation supports are withdrawn. The providers in select community health stations (CHSs) within these two provinces) will receive training workshops and varying levels of implementation support based on the implementation models (described below) to provide depression care to their patients. The three models are : 1) Usual Implementation (UI) - a basic depression workshop, limited technical assistance to set up the program, and implementation toolkits 2) Enhanced Supervision (ES) - UI + ongoing structured supportive supervision; and 3) Community Engaged Learning Collaborative (CELC) - ES + community collaborative learning.~The three models will be evaluated based on the RE-AIM framework, which will be assessed using implementation and patient outcomes across supported implementation phase and sustainment phase. Both implementation and patient outcomes will be assessed during the sustainment phase after resources are withdrawn to evaluate the sustainability of the program. Knowledge gained from this project will be used to inform implementation of depression care services across Vietnam, and help increase access and quality of depression care.
The study is a Hybrid Implementation-Effectiveness study that will primarily test the implementation strategies on provider adoption and implementation quality in three Vietnam provinces. Secondarily, the effectiveness of the multicomponent collaborative care model for depression intervention on patient outcomes will be tested. A cluster randomized control trial design, with a mixed-methods approach, will be used to assess the effectiveness of the three implementation strategies on both organizational and provider implementation outcomes and patient effectiveness outcomes.