Colorectal cancer accounts for approximately 10% of all annually diagnosed cancers and cancer-related deaths worldwide. With progress of developing countries, it is predicted that the incidence of colorectal cancer worldwide will increase to 2.5 million new cases in 2035. The majority of colorectal cancer is thought to arise from precancerous lesions through the adenoma-carcinoma pathway. Detecting and removing of colorectal advanced adenomas can reduce incidence of colorectal cancer. Although colonoscopy is currently considered the most effective method for detecting advanced adenomas, individuals may be reluctant to undergo colonoscopy due to the uncomfortable feeling and the relatively high cost of colonoscopy. Conversely, stool tests are relatively cheap and more readily accepted. Annual fecal immunochemical test (FIT), one of the preferred methods of colorectal cancer screening, is economic and easy to use. However, the existing commercially available qFIT is insufficiently sensitive to the minor hemorrhage of advanced adenomas, and the sensitivity is about only 27% to 47%. To improve diagnostic accuracy in detecting colorectal advanced adenoma, an improved technology of qFIT, which have a higher sensitivity in extremely low concentration of hemoglobin in stool compared with existing commercially available qFIT, is developed. The investigators design this research to prove the diagnostic accuracy of the new qFIT in detecting colorectal advanced adenoma.
Early detecting and removing of colorectal advanced adenomas can reduce incidence of colorectal cancer. Because of the less bleeding of advanced adenomas, the sensitivity of existing quantitative fecal immunochemical test (qFIT) is unsatisfying. A new technology qFIT, which have a higher sensitivity in extremely low concentration of hemoglobin compared with existing commercially available qFIT, is developed and this study will prove the high diagnostic accuracy in detecting colorectal advanced adenoma.