Most children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) do not have a family member with diabetes and often are not diagnosed until the child is very sick. Research suggests that screening and identifying children at risk for T1D autoantibodies can prevent serious illness at the time of diagnosis and improve long-term health outcomes.~The investigators will screen children, ages 0-5.99 or 9-16 years for blood markers related to T1D and celiac disease during routine healthcare delivery at birth, 1, 2 and 5 years, or once between 9 and 16 years of age. Children with confirmed autoantibodies will be offered participation in other monitoring or prevention trials (T1D), or referred to clinical care (celiac).
In partnership with Helmsley Charitable Trust, the Sanford PLEDGE Study is a large-scale, observational, feasibility study of general population screening for T1D and celiac autoantibodies. Screening is incorporated into routine health care visits within an integrated health system.