This is a non-randomized, three-arm trial.~Arm 1a and 1b will enroll patients with advanced NSCLC regardless of tumor PD-L1 expression who have experienced disease progression on or after PD-1 axis inhibitor therapy, given alone or in combination with other systemic anti-cancer therapy. Patients will be assigned to arm 1a or 1b at the discretion of the treating physician. Patients on arm 1a will receive NC318 alone; those on arm 1b, combination therapy with NC318 and pembrolizumab.~Arm 1a will be based on a Simon two-stage minimax design. In the first stage, 18 patients will be accrued. If tumor response per RECIST v1.1 is achieved in 2 or fewer patients, arm 1a will be closed to further enrollment. If tumor response is demonstrated in 3 or more patients, then 25 additional patients will be accrued (stage 2), for a total of 43 patients.~Arm 1a and 1b will start with a safety run-in portion consisting of 6 patients (see 4.1.1). If deemed safe, each arm will continue to accrue and follow the Simon two-stage design outlined above. Patients in the run-in portion will be included in stage 1 of the Simon two-stage design.~Arm 2 will enroll patients with advanced NSCLC and tumor PD-L1 expression less than 50% who are naïve to PD-1 axis inhibitor therapy. Patients on arm 2 will receive combination therapy with NC318 and pembrolizumab. Arm 2 will also start with a safety run-in portion identical to that of arms 1a and 1b (see 4.1.1). If deemed safe, accrual will continue following a Simon two-stage minimax design. In the first stage, 19 patients will be accrued. If tumor response per RECIST v1.1 is achieved in 3 or fewer patients, arm 2 will be closed to further enrollment. If tumor response is demonstrated in 4 or more patients, then 36 additional patients will be accrued (stage 2), for a total of 54 patients. Patients in the run-in portion will be included in stage 1 of the Simon two-stage design.~The study protocol was amended to add 2 additional arms 5/2023. Arms 1c and 2a will receive NC318 800 mg, IV weekly for 8 doses, followed by every 2 week dosing. They both follow the same procedures as the earlier arms in the study. Arm 2 has essentially been removed from the study- but remains included in the protocol registration.~In addition, patients treated on arm 1a will be allowed to receive combination therapy with NC318 and pembrolizumab at the time of progression, after a mandatory tumor biopsy. They will be considered separately from arm 1c.
This is a phase 2 study to investigate NC318 alone or in combination with Pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.