PROTOCOL OUTLINE:~This is an observational study. The blood and BALF samples will be collected from patients with ARDS for exosome extraction and transcriptome and metabolomic analysis.~Exosome characterization and differential genes and metabolites will be identified.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition that causes high mortality (41% to 58%). Previous studies have reported that biomarkers can facilitate phenotypic diagnosis of ARDS, enabling precision treatment of ARDS. Although there were many studies that found some potential therapeutic targets for ARDS, no pharmacotherapies have been validated to treat ARDS. The development of biomarkers to predict the prognosis and monitor the response to treatment would be of interest for selecting patients for specific therapeutic trials. Many recent studies have shown that immune metabolic changes are involved in the pathogenesis of ARDS and may become a new therapeutic target for them. We aimed to identify a panel of immunometabolic and lipidomic biomarkers derived from blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) which may help differentiate the ARDS endotypes.