Apart from the early localized presentation, with a well established treatment, Lyme borreliosis is a complex infection. Indeed, its presentation can be late and very polymorphic, which can evoke functional somatic disorders and make its management difficult. In 2016, the French Ministry of Health decided to launch a national plan to fight Lyme borreliosis. One of the objectives of this national plan was to improve management based on a specific multidisciplinary care pathway.
Lyme borreliosis, commonly known as Lyme disease, has been clinically described for more than a century, but has been officially recognized for 40 years, with the detection of the Borrelia bacterium by W. Burgdorfer, in ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex, identified a few years before.