Women with CSD will be enrolled in this study. According to preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, patients will be divided into two groups, the adenomyosis group and the non-adenomyosis group. They all underwent vaginal excision and suture of CSD and will be required to undergo examinations at 3- and 6-months after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative clinical information will be collected. Optimal healing was defined as a duration of menstruation of no more than 7 days and a TRM of no less than 5.30 mm after vaginal repair
To examine the correlation between the occurrence of adenomyosis and the outcome of vaginal repair of cesarean section scar defects (CSD), women with CSD will be enrolled in this retrospective observational cohort study. According to preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, patients will be divided into two groups, the adenomyosis group and the non-adenomyosis group. They all will have vaginal excision and suture of CSD and will be required to undergo examinations at 3- and 6-months after surgery. Preoperative and postoperative clinical information will be collected.