Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease associated with dysbiotic plaque biofilms and characterized by clinical attachment loss caused by the destruction of the periodontal ligament and loss of supporting bone. One of periodontal therapy goals is regeneration of the lost periodontal attachment apparatus.~. To regenerate healthy periodontal tissue, various clinical techniques were developed to prevent downward epithelial migration and promote periodontal tissue regeneration by the remaining periodontal ligament (PDL) cells or osteoblasts such as open flap debridement (OFD), natural or synthetic filling materials and guided tissue regeneration (GTR).~. Tissue engineering has become one of the most commonly used approaches for bone tissue reconstruction and regeneration, injectable hydrogels have attracted the attention of biomaterials scientists for bone tissue-engineering applications, because they can replace regenerative surgery with a minimally invasive injection method and can form any desired shape, to match irregular defects. Various injectable hydrogels with good moldability and 3D structures have been widely investigated for use in bone tissue engineering.~. Recently a variety of bioactive peptides have been studied and applied for the promotion of bone regeneration to repair local bone defects or treat other bone diseases including extracellular matrix (ECM)- derived peptides, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)-derived peptides and others.~. The arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide is one of bioactive peptides which is the cardinal integrin-binding domain and presents in many extracellular matrix proteins, such as fibronectin and vitronectin. As a part of cell surface signalling, RGD peptide can enhance the expression of osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and BMP to ensure osteoblast proliferation, differentiation and mineralization.~. The induction of bone depending on the concentration of BMPs which considered important bone biological factors that play essential roles in osteogenesis. BMPs are members of secreted signaling proteins that belong to transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily. It has been demonstrated that BMPs induce bone formation by differentiating mesenchymal stem cells to osteoblastic cells
Primary aim of the study is to evaluate efficacy of RGD adhesion molecule loaded hydrogel with minimally invasive surgical technique in treatment of periodontal intrabony defect at baseline and 6months. Secondary outcome is the biochemical evaluation to detect bone morphogenetic proteins level