One hundred twenty patients with atrial fibrillation will participate in the study.~They will be divided into three groups.~Patients with AF recurrence after the first procedure but with isolated pulmonary veins at the beginning of the second AF ablation b)patients with AF recurrence after repeat PV ablation.~Patients with PV-associated atrial fibrillation. The group will be included patients with freedom of atrial fibrillation after PV isolation (first or repeat procedure).~Healthy volunteers~Groups would be formed from patients who previously underwent atrial fibrillation ablations and whose blood samples have been taken and placed in a biobank before interventional treatment. The first step will include proteomic serum profiling using antibody microarrays in ten subjects will be split into 3 groups. The second step will include validation of selected protein biomarkers, in the total cohort (N=120).
The two main mechanisms for atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after cryoablation include Pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection and the presence of non-PV associated arrhythmic focuses. The aim of this study is to reveal the specific biomarkers by antibody microarrays.