This prospective, randomized and controlled study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of Combined haploidentical and umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Investigators will recruit 116 patients with acute leukemia, with 58 of them entering the haplo-HSCT group and receiving haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, while the other 58 entering the combined haploidentical and umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation group and receiving haploidentical and umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation at the same day. Then primary outcomes including overall survival and disease free survival, as well secondary outcomes such as cumulative relapse incidence and cumulative incidence of engraftment will be measured during 12 months after the intervention being finished.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is the effective and even the only treatment option for acute leukemia. The haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(haplo-HSCT) and GIAC protocol have crossed HLA barrier and helped more patients find donors. However, the engraftment failure and incidence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) limit the prognosis of patients who receive the haplo-HSCT. It is believed that Combined haploidentical and umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation improved hematopoietic reconstitution and reduced the incidence of GVHD, there is still no consensus about the efficacy and safety of this kind of therapy. This prospective, randomized and controlled study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of Combined haploidentical and umbilical cord blood allogeneic stem cell transplantation