We conducted a retrospective real-world study of all endometrial carcinoma cases from 2019 to 2022. The inclusion criterion is all patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer in our hospital from 2019 to 2022 and exclusion criteria are those without histological specimens in our hospital. After immunohistochemistry and MLH1-promoter methylation testing, tumors were classified into 3 groups according to status of mismatch repair defects. Tumors with MMR abnormalities by IHC and MLH1 methylation were classified as epigenetic MMR deficiency while those without MLH1 methylation were classified as probable MMR mutations, and those without MMRd were classified as MMR proficient. The first outcome is the prevalence of epigenetic MMRd in endometrial cancer, and the second outcome is Whether the clinicopathological features and prognosis of endometrioid adenocarcinoma differ between the epigenetic MMRd population, MMR proficient population and the Lynch/ Lynch-like population.
In recent years, the incidence of endometrial carcinoma (EC) has increased significantly and patients tends to be younger. In addition to known risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes, genetic factors also play an important role in the occurrence and development of EC. Among them, Mismatch Repair Defect (MMR) can produce mutant phenotypes, leading to cancer susceptibility. Although some articles indicated that epigenetic MMRd, one type of MMRd, predicted poor prognosis among endometrial carcinoma patients, hitherto, the clinicopathological significance and prognosis of epigenetic MMRd has not been determined. To date, there are no relevant large-sample data to investigate the prevalence of epigenetic MMRd in Chinese population, as well as the impact on the prognosis of endometrial cancer. In this setting, The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of epigenetic MMRd and its impact on clinicopathology and prognosis on endometrial cancer among Chinese patients.