This is a retrospective database analysis of patients with anemia associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) treated with ESAs from January 1st 2015 - December 31st 2021. Data will be derived from European Clinical Database (EuCliD).
This study consists of two phases. The purpose of phase 1 is to identify incidence and patterns of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) hyporesponsiveness and its associated factors in ESA treated patients. The purpose of phase 2 to identify outcomes associated with ESA hyporesponsiveness. Key aspects of the phase 2 study design will entirely depend on the results from phase 1.