The etiology of these disorders remains uncertain and thought to be due to subtle alteration of the normal development or maladaptive behavioral response to a variety of internal or external stimuli .As a group of disorders; FGIDs in young children are a major challenge to the already overstretched pediatric gastroenterology services across the world .Infants and young children with FGIDs visit medical professionals more frequently and experience poor quality of life . In addition, FGIDs in infancy are linked with detrimental repercussions such as maternal depression, poor infant and mother bonding,and poor physical growth .
The definition of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGIDs) has changed over time from the absence of organic disease to a stress-related or psychiatric disorder to a motility disorder, and with Rome III, to a disorder of GI functioning, then Rome iv in 2016 defined FGIDs as : disorders of gut-brain interaction. It is a group of disorders classified by GI symptoms related to any combination of the following: motility disturbance, visceral hypersensitivity,altered mucosal and immune function, altered gut microbiota, and altered central nervous system (CNS) processing. FGIDs are observed in infants and young children worldwide with variable frequency related studies done in variable places around the worled show the following results : the prevalence of FGIDs in Chinese infants and young children is 27.3%.and 40 % in south american infants and 30 % of african infants and 35.1 % of infants presented to tertiary care hospital in Istunbul.Turkey.