Patients with relapse/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia often show resistance to conventional chemotherapy and have dismal prognosis. Salvage therapy using venetoclax combined with hypomethylation drugs achieved an overall response rate of only approximately 40% in R/R AML. Cladribine, a purine analogue, exerts cytotoxic, proapoptotic, and antiproliferative effects on AML cells.The efficacy of cladribine plus cytarabine and venetoclax in R/R AML has not been reported.
This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of cladribine, combined with low-dose cytarabine and venetoclax (CAV regimen) for relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R AML).