Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a serious complication of Diabetes Mellitus associated with chronic and low-grade inflammatory burden affects around 30 % of diabetic patients It is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide and associated with cardio vascular diseases and increases mortality of diabetic patients It characterized by persistent albuminuria, raise in arterial blood pressure ,decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) It associated with chronic low grade inflammation that's leads to increase glucose and activities inflammation Despite of the pathogenesis of DN is multifactorial, but local inflammatory process may result from both the metabolic and hemodynamic affection seen in DN sustained diabetes-related metabolic and haemodynamic perturbations can induce subclinical low-grade renal inflammation and drive kidney from repair response to damage process, eventually to renal fibrosis Chronic inflammatory processes not only play a principle role in the progression of micro vascular but also macro vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus. An association between low -grade inflammation and type 2 diabetes has been described in recent studies .C- reactive protein to serum albumin ratio has attracted great attention recently , and used as biomarker in detection disease severity~, since type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Nephropathy(DN) is associated with low grade inflammation in recent studies. In this study investigator presume that C-reactive protein to serum albumin ratio ( CAR )levels could be associated with the progression of DN in patients with T2DM.
we aimed to compare C-reactive protein to serum albumin ( CAR) level of the T2DM patients with DN to those T2DM without DN