Chronic pain affects approximately 20% of both adults and children in the US and is a source of substantial disability and health care costs. Chronic pain can be challenging to diagnose due to the presence of poorly understood symptoms. When diagnosed, current pharmacologic treatments for pain are remarkably ineffective, while effective non-pharmacologic treatments remain under-utilized. These shortcomings in the diagnosis and treatment of pain arise from tremendous gaps in our knowledge about the basic central nervous system systems that process nociceptive information and instantiate an experience of pain. These gaps are further amplified in the case of pediatric chronic pain due to a lack of basic/translational research. The team of basic scientists and clinician scientists is uniquely positioned to perform human pediatric studies integrating functional neuroimaging with quantitative sensory testing and psychological assessments to delineate brain systems engaged during chronic pain. The study will examine four distinct chronic pain syndromes: migraine, complex regional pain syndrome, functional abdominal pain, and musculoskeletal pain. The study seeks to 1) Identify shared and distinct brain systems engaged by different forms of pediatric chronic pain, 2) Determine if predictors of recovery differ across different chronic pain conditions, 3) Delineate brain systems associated with the spread of pain. To accomplish these aims, the study will recruit 400 patients with chronic pain and 100 healthy participants (age range 10-17). The study will follow all participants longitudinally for 1 year after initiation of treatment to assess the degree of recovery and spread of pain. This basic science investigation will provide a critical foundation of basic knowledge for future clinical trials of diagnostic markers for different forms of chronic pain and for the development of new treatments for chronic pain.
The goal of this observational study is to learn about the brain mechanisms of chronic pain across different chronic pain syndromes in pediatric patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:~Are there shared and distinct brain systems engaged by different forms of pediatric chronic pain?~What are predictors of recovery from chronic pain?~What brain systems are associated with the spread of pain?~For this study participants will undergo:~Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)~Quantitative Sensory Testing~Psychological Assessments