The coordinating center for this study is the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC), which is a physician-led Quality Improvement (QI) collaborative comprised of 44 urology practices and 260 urologists across the State of Michigan.~As sites are activated the registration will be updated.
This is a multicenter prospective trial with randomized and observational cohorts assessing patient-reported outcomes and unplanned healthcare utilization following ureteroscopic treatment of renal and ureteral stones, with placement versus omission of a ureteral stent.~Eligible participants in the randomization trial will be randomized to ureteroscopy with stent placement or stent omission.~Eligible participants that consent to the observational only cohort will complete surveys and the treating physicians will decide the treatment options for the participants.~The study team hypothesizes that:~Pain interference change from pre-surgery to Day 7-10 will differ between the two treatment arms. This hypothesis will be evaluated separately in the randomized and observational cohorts.~Unplanned healthcare utilization in the treatment arms will have different unplanned healthcare utilization ranks leading to a win proportion significantly higher or lower than 0.5 in the stent omission arm compared to the stent placement arm. This hypothesis will be evaluated separately in the randomized and observational cohorts.