A novel compound active against SARS-CoV-2 targeting uridylate-specific endoribonuclease (NendoU/NSP15): <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vitro</i> investigations.
Kumar S, Gupta Y, Zak SE, Upadhyay C, Sharma N, Herbert AS, Durvasula R, Potemkin V, Dye JM, Poonam, Kempaiah P, Rathi B.
NendoU (NSP15) is an Mn(2+)-dependent, uridylate-specific enzyme, which leaves 2'-3'-cyclic phosphates 5' to the cleaved bond. Our in-house library was subjected to high throughput virtual screening (HTVS) to identify compounds with potential to inhibit NendoU enzyme, high-rank compounds (those that bound to multiple target structures) were further subjected to 100 nanoseconds MD simulations. Among these, one was found to be bound highly stable within the active site of the NendoU protein structure. Here, we are reporting a derivative of piperazine based '(2<i>S</i>,3<i>S</i>)-3-amino-1-(4-(4-(<i>tert</i>-butyl)benzyl)piperazin-1-yl)-4-phenylbutan-2-ol' (<b>IV</b>) from our in-house libraries having potential efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in <i>in vitro assays</i>. This compound demonstrated inhibition of viral replication at the same level as Ivermectin, a known SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor, which is not used due to its toxicity at a higher than the currently approved dosage. Compound <b>IV</b> was not toxic to the cell lines up to a 50 μM concentration and exhibited IC<sub>50s</sub> of 4.97 μM and 8.46 μM in viral entry and spread assay, respectively. Therefore, this novel class of NendoU inhibitor could provide new insights for the development of treatment options for COVID-19.