Engineering an antibiotic to fight cancer: optimization of the novobiocin scaffold to produce anti-proliferative agents.
Zhao H, Donnelly AC, Kusuma BR, Brandt GE, Brown D, Rajewski RA, Vielhauer G, Holzbeierlein J, Cohen MS, Blagg BS.
Development of the DNA gyrase inhibitor, novobiocin, into a selective Hsp90 inhibitor was accomplished through structural modifications to the amide side chain, coumarin ring, and sugar moiety. These species exhibit ∼700-fold improved anti-proliferative activity versus the natural product as evaluated by cellular efficacies against breast, colon, prostate, lung, and other cancer cell lines. Utilization of structure-activity relationships established for three novobiocin synthons produced optimized scaffolds, which manifest midnanomolar activity against a panel of cancer cell lines and serve as lead compounds that manifest their activities through Hsp90 inhibition.