title: How to tune performance of hsqldb/hibernate app
body: <p>I have an open source Java application that uses Hibernate and HSQLDB for persistence.  In all my toy tests, things run fast and everything is good.  I have a client who has been running the software for several months continuously and their database has grown significantly over that time, and performance has dropped gradually.  It finally occurred to me that the database could be the problem.  As far as I can tell from log statements, all of the computation in the server happens quickly, so this is consistent with the hypothesis that the DB might be at fault.</p>
  
  <p>I know how to do normal profiling of a program to figure out where hot spots are and what is taking up significant amounts of time.  But all the profilers I know of monitor execution time within the program and don't give you any help about calls to external resources.  What tools do people use to profile programs that are using external db calls to find out where to optimize performance?</p>
  
  <p>A little blind searching around has already found a few hot spots--I noticed a call where I was enumerating all the objects of a particular class in order to find out whether there were any.  A one line change to the criterion [.setMaxResults(1)] changed that call from a half-second to virtually instantaneous.  I also see places where I ask the same question from the db many times within a single transaction.  I haven't figured out how to cache the answer yet, but what I really want is a tool to help me look for these kinds of things more systematically.</p>