 statement of objects and reasonsindia follows the first-past-the post (fpp) system of election the candidate who secures the highest number of votes among the contesting candidates in a territorial constituency is declared elected the operation of this electoral system leads to serious distortions in "vote-seat relationship" the reform of our electoral system is much overdue not only have the polls to be just and fair, but the electoral system itself needs to be fair in its outcome the basics of the electoral system require the system to reduce disproportionality be highly proportional and represent the wishes of the electorate as effectively as possible as an initial step towards the reform of our electoral system, the bill amends the constitution to provide for a combination of the list system under the method of proportional representation and the existing fpp system for elections to the lok sabha and the state legislative assemblies while the members as per the present strength of the lok sabha and the assemblies will continue to be elected according to the fpp, an additional fifty per cent of the members will be elected according to the list system further, in case of the direct election from the territorial constituencies, the bill freezes the number and distribution of seats in the lok sabha among the states for another twenty five years, that is, till 2025 this is to avoid a peculiar adverse situation against some states which have witnessed decline in their population, if the latest census were to be made the basis to determine the number of seats from every state to the lok sabha the electoral system must so operate as to result in an elected body truly representative of our multiple society the various sections of the society need to be adequately and effectively represented, so as to avoid frustration and strengthen national unity, the bill, therefore, also provides for proportionate representation of the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, other backward classes and each of the minorities new delhi; gm banatwalla february 2, 2000 financial memorandumclause 2 of the bill provides that not more than two hundred and seventy five nbers of lok sabha shall be chosen according to the list system to ensure proportional sentation to political parties this provision will involve expenditure from the additional members annexure extract from the constitution of india     81 (1) subject to the provisions of article 331, the house of the people shall consist of— composition of the house of the people (a) not more than five hundred and thirty members chosen by direct election from territorial constituencies in the states, and () not more than twenty members to represent the union territories, chosen in such manner as parliament may by law provide      (3) in this article, the expression "population" means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published: provided that the reference in this clause to the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published shall, until the relevant figures for the first census taken after the year 2200 have been published, be construed as a reference to the 1971 census      composition 170, (1) susjuct to the provisions of article 333, the legislative assembly of each state shall cons f not more than five hundred, and not less than sixty, members chosen by direct election from territcrial constituencies in the state of the legislative assemblies     