id en id id en en ceb id tr ms en ms en id en nl en en en ms en en en en ms en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en it id ms id en id en en ms id id id ms id nl en en en ms en id ms en en en id
Gelembung Gas Panas “Menyilaukan” Dikesan Berzip Di Sekitar Lubang Hitam Supermasif Bima Sakti -
Ahli astronomi telah melihat tanda-tanda ‘titik panas’ yang mengorbit Sagittarius A*, lubang hitam di tengah galaksi kita.
“We think we’re looking at a hot bubble of gas zipping around Sagittarius A* on an orbit similar in size to that of the planet Mercury, but making a full loop in just around 70 minutes. This requires a mind-blowing velocity of about 30% of the speed of light!” says Maciek Wielgus of the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy in Bonn, Germany. He led the study that was published today (September 22, 2022) in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.
The observations were made with ALMA in the Chilean Andes, during a campaign by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration to image black holes. ALMA is — a radio telescope co-owned by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). In April 2017 the EHT linked together eight existing radio telescopes worldwide, including ALMA, resulting in the recently released first-ever image of Sagittarius A*. To calibrate the EHT data, Wielgus and his colleagues, who are members of the EHT Collaboration, used ALMA data recorded simultaneously with the EHT observations of Sagittarius A*. To the research team’s surprise, there were more clues to the nature of the black hole hidden in the ALMA-only measurements.
Menggunakan ALMA, ahli astronomi telah menemui gelembung gas panas yang berputar di sekitar Sagittarius A*, lubang hitam di pusat galaksi kita, pada 30% daripada kelajuan cahaya.
Secara kebetulan, beberapa pemerhatian dilakukan sejurus selepas letupan atau suar tenaga sinar-X dipancarkan dari pusat galaksi kita, yang dikesan oleh[{” attribute=””>NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory. These kinds of flares, previously observed with X-ray and infrared telescopes, are thought to be associated with so-called ‘hot spots’, hot gas bubbles that orbit very fast and close to the black hole.
“What is really new and interesting is that such flares were so far only clearly present in X-ray and infrared observations of Sagittarius A*. Here we see for the first time a very strong indication that orbiting hot spots are also present in radio observations,” says Wielgus, who is also affiliated with the Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, in Warsaw, Poland and the Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University, USA.
Video ini menunjukkan animasi titik panas, gelembung gas panas, di orbit sekitar Sagittarius A*, lubang hitam empat juta kali lebih besar daripada Matahari kita yang berada di tengah-tengah kita.[{” attribute=””>Milky Way. While the black hole (center) has been directly imaged with the Event Horizon Telescope, the gas bubble represented around it has not: its orbit and velocity are inferred from both observations and models. The team who discovered evidence for this hot spot — using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), in which ESO is a partner — predicts the gas bubble orbits very close to the black hole, at a distance about five times larger than the black hole’s boundary or “event horizon.”
The astronomers behind the discovery also predict that the hot spot becomes dimmer and brighter as it goes around the black hole, as indicated in this animation. Additionally, they can infer that it takes 70 minutes for the gas bubble to complete an orbit, putting its velocity at an astonishing 30% of the speed of light.
Credit: EHT Collaboration, ESO/L. Calçada (Acknowledgment: M. Wielgus)
“Perhaps these hot spots detected at infrared wavelengths are a manifestation of the same physical phenomenon: as infrared-emitting hot spots cool down, they become visible at longer wavelengths, like the ones observed by ALMA and the EHT,” adds Jesse Vos. He is a PhD student at Radboud University, the Netherlands, and was also involved in this study.
The flares were long thought to originate from magnetic interactions in the very hot gas orbiting very close to Sagittarius A*, and the new findings support this idea. “Now we find strong evidence for a magnetic origin of these flares and our observations give us a clue about the geometry of the process. The new data are extremely helpful for building a theoretical interpretation of these events,” says co-author Monika Moscibrodzka from Radboud University.
This is the first image of Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy. It’s the first direct visual evidence of the presence of this black hole. It was captured by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), an array that linked together eight existing radio observatories across the planet to form a single “Earth-sized” virtual telescope. The telescope is named after the event horizon, the boundary of the black hole beyond which no light can escape. Credit: EHT Collaboration
ALMA allows astronomers to study polarized radio emission from Sagittarius A*, which can be used to unveil the black hole’s magnetic field. The team used these observations together with theoretical models to learn more about the formation of the hot spot and the environment it is embedded in, including the magnetic field around Sagittarius A*. Their research provides stronger constraints on the shape of this magnetic field than previous observations, helping astronomers uncover the nature of our black hole and its surroundings.
This image shows the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) looking up at the Milky Way as well as the location of Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at our galactic center. Highlighted in the box is the image of Sagittarius A* taken by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Collaboration. Located in the Atacama Desert in Chile, ALMA is the most sensitive of all the observatories in the EHT array, and ESO is a co-owner of ALMA on behalf of its European Member States. Credit: ESO/José Francisco Salgado (josefrancisco.org), EHT Collaboration
The observations confirm some of the previous discoveries made by the GRAVITY instrument at ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT), which observes in the infrared. The data from GRAVITY and ALMA both suggest the flare originates in a clump of gas swirling around the black hole at about 30% of the speed of light in a clockwise direction in the sky, with the orbit of the hot spot being nearly face-on.
“In the future, we should be able to track hot spots across frequencies using coordinated multiwavelength observations with both GRAVITY and ALMA — the success of such an endeavor would be a true milestone for our understanding of the physics of flares in the Galactic center,” says Ivan Marti-Vidal of the University of València in Spain, co-author of the study.
Wide-field view of the center of the Milky Way. This visible light wide-field view shows the rich star clouds in the constellation of Sagittarius (the Archer) in the direction of the center of our Milky Way galaxy. The entire image is filled with vast numbers of stars — but far more remain hidden behind clouds of dust and are only revealed in infrared images. This view was created from photographs in red and blue light and forming part of the Digitized Sky Survey 2. The field of view is approximately 3.5 degrees x 3.6 degrees. Credit: ESO and Digitized Sky Survey 2. Acknowledgment: Davide De Martin and S. Guisard (www.eso.org/~sguisard)
The team is also hoping to be able to directly observe the orbiting gas clumps with the EHT, to probe ever closer to the black hole and learn more about it. “Hopefully, one day, we will be comfortable saying that we ‘know’ what is going on in Sagittarius A*,” Wielgus concludes.
Reference: “Orbital motion near Sagittarius A* – Constraints from polarimetric ALMA observations” by M. Wielgus, M. Moscibrodzka, J. Vos, Z. Gelles, I. Martí-Vidal, J. Farah, N. Marchili, C. Goddi and H. Messias, 22 September 2022, Astronomy & Astrophysics.
The team is composed of M. Wielgus (Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Germany [MPIfR]; Pusat Astronomi Nicolaus Copernicus, Akademi Sains Poland, Poland; Inisiatif Black Hole di Universiti Harvard, Amerika Syarikat [BHI]), M. Moscibrodzka (Jabatan Astrofizik, Universiti Radboud, Belanda [Radboud]), J. Vos (Radboud), Z. Gelles (Pusat Astrofizik | Harvard & Smithsonian, Amerika Syarikat dan BHI), I. Martí-Vidal (Universitat de València, Sepanyol), J. Farah (Balai Cerap Las Cumbres, Amerika Syarikat; Universiti California, Santa Barbara, Amerika Syarikat), N. Marchili (Pusat Wilayah ALMA Itali, INAF-Istituto di Radioastronomia, Itali dan MPIfR), C. Goddi (Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Itali dan Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil), dan H. Messias (Joint ALMA Observatory, Chile).
Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), kemudahan astronomi antarabangsa, ialah perkongsian ESO, Yayasan Sains Kebangsaan AS (NSF) dan Institut Sains Semula Jadi Kebangsaan (NINS) Jepun dengan kerjasama Republik Chile. ALMA dibiayai oleh ESO bagi pihak Negara Anggotanya, oleh NSF dengan kerjasama National Research Council of Canada (NRC) dan Kementerian Sains dan Teknologi (MOST) dan oleh NINS dengan kerjasama Academia Sinica (AS) di Taiwan dan Institut Sains Angkasa dan Astronomi Korea (KASI). Pembinaan dan operasi ALMA diketuai oleh ESO bagi pihak Negara Anggotanya; oleh Balai Cerap Astronomi Radio Kebangsaan (NRAO), yang diuruskan oleh Associated Universities, Inc. (AUI), bagi pihak Amerika Utara; dan oleh Balai Cerap Astronomi Kebangsaan Jepun (NAOJ) bagi pihak Asia Timur. Balai Cerap ALMA Bersama (JAO) menyediakan kepimpinan dan pengurusan bersatu bagi pembinaan, pentauliahan dan operasi ALMA.
Balai Cerap Selatan Eropah (ESO) membolehkan saintis di seluruh dunia menemui rahsia Alam Semesta untuk manfaat semua. Kami mereka bentuk, membina dan mengendalikan balai cerap bertaraf dunia di lapangan — yang digunakan oleh ahli astronomi untuk menangani soalan menarik dan menyebarkan daya tarikan astronomi — dan mempromosikan kerjasama antarabangsa dalam astronomi. Ditubuhkan sebagai organisasi antara kerajaan pada 1962, hari ini ESO disokong oleh 16 Negara Anggota (Austria, Belgium, Republik Czech, Denmark, Perancis, Finland, Jerman, Ireland, Itali, Belanda, Poland, Portugal, Sepanyol, Sweden, Switzerland, dan United Kingdom), bersama dengan negeri tuan rumah Chile dan dengan Australia sebagai Rakan Strategik. Ibu pejabat ESO dan pusat pelawat serta planetariumnya, ESO Supernova, terletak berhampiran dengan Munich di Jerman, manakala Gurun Atacama Chile, tempat yang mengagumkan dengan keadaan unik untuk memerhati langit, menempatkan teleskop kami. ESO mengendalikan tiga tapak pemerhatian: La Silla, Paranal, dan Chajnantor. Di Paranal, ESO mengendalikan Teleskop Sangat Besar dan Interferometer Teleskop Sangat Besarnya, serta dua teleskop tinjauan, VISTA yang berfungsi dalam inframerah dan Teleskop Ukur VLT cahaya kelihatan. Juga di Paranal ESO akan menjadi tuan rumah dan mengendalikan Cherenkov Telescope Array South, balai cerap sinar gamma terbesar dan paling sensitif di dunia. Bersama-sama dengan rakan kongsi antarabangsa, ESO mengendalikan APEX dan ALMA di Chajnantor, dua kemudahan yang memerhatikan langit dalam julat milimeter dan submilimeter. Di Cerro Armazones, berhampiran Paranal, kami sedang membina “mata terbesar dunia di langit” — Teleskop Sangat Besar ESO. Dari pejabat kami di Santiago, Chile, kami menyokong operasi kami di negara ini dan melibatkan diri dengan rakan kongsi dan masyarakat Chile.
We want to say thanks to the writer of this write-up for this remarkable content
Gelembung Gas Panas “Menyilaukan” Dikesan Berzip di Sekitar Lubang Hitam Supermasif Bima Sakti
Take a look at our social media profiles and other pages related to themhttps://paw6.info/related-pages/
Imej pertama lubang hitam supermasif di pusat galaksi Bima…
Lubang hitam supermasif di tengah Bima Sakti dilihat buat…
Inilah sebabnya mengapa sukar untuk melihat lubang hitam…
Lubang hitam 'gelap' yang mengembara di Bima Sakti mungkin…
Tonton Secara Langsung: Ahli Astronom Mendedahkan 'Hasil…
Selepas merakam foto lubang hitam raksasa Bima Sakti,…
Categories Sains Tags berzip, Bima, dikesan, gas, gelembung, hitam, Lubang, menyilaukan, Panas, Sakti, Sekitar, Supermasif
Kebocoran baharu yang hangat mendedahkan satu sebab besar untuk teruja dengan Galaxy S23+ Samsung
Mengapa lebih mudah untuk mencari penggalak COVID yang dikemas kini Pfizer daripada Moderna
Jika kami Telah menambah beberapa kandungan kepunyaan anda atau organisasi anda secara tidak sengaja, Kami memohon maaf. Kami memohon maaf untuk itu dan memberi jaminan bahawa perkara ini tidak akan berulang pada masa hadapan. Jika anda adalah pemilik sah kandungan yang digunakan dalam Laman Web kami, sila e-mel kami dengan Nama anda, Nama Organisasi, Butiran Hubungan, URL yang melanggar Hak Cipta dan Bukti Hak Cipta (URL atau Dokumen Undang-undang) di https://paw6.info/contact/ Saya memberi jaminan bahawa, saya akan mengalih keluar kandungan yang melanggar dalam tempoh 48 Jam.