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주세죽Ju Se-juk- Write by 송경동 Song Kyun-Dong | KoreanLit.com
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Home Korean Lit 주세죽Ju Se-juk- Write by 송경동 Song Kyun-Dong
Living through the turmoil of modern Korea
And on the heavy seas of world history,
Had had to achieve independence over and over again.
Early on, she had to gain independence
From her family’s palatial home in Hamheung, Hamgyeongdo province.
And she also had to become independent from the road of an artist,
As a musician with absolute pitch, trained at the Shanghai Conservatory of Music.
As the first modern Korean proponent of women’s liberation,
And a leader of the first modern Korean women socialists’ group,
She also had to attain independence from all feudal ideologies, orders, and subjections,
As well as from all kinds of imperial dominance.
To Shanghai, Seoul, and Vladivostok,
To Moscow, back to Shanghai, and back again to Moscow—
She had to say good-bye to any boundaries
At any moment for the sake of revolution,
To her four-year-old child,
To her two husbands.
While working with the Comintern, the mother country of all people of the world,
Sometimes, she also had to achieve independence from her own country.
From the March 1 Independence Movement,
Through the first Communist Party of Korea Organization Incident,
The June 10 Independence Movement,
And an exile in the Soviet immediately before she was about to be abducted,
To a purge based on false charges—
She had to endure a life underground and in exile all her life.
She worked with the Korean Alliance of Women’s Liberation, the Korean People’s Activists’ Conference,
And the Geunuhoe, an anti-Japanese women’s movement organization.
Even after death, she was ostracized from South Korea
For being a socialist,
While erased from the North
Because she was the wife of Pak Hon-yong, branded an American imperialist spy,
And omitted from the Comintern
Because of the false claim that she was a Japanese spy.
She who was called a new woman, member of a troika, Marx girl, Korean woman,
An Eastern lover, and Lady Lenin—
She, who is not called a revolutionary or fighter, even today,
But consumed as the beauty of her time, the wife of a famous personage, a heroine of a scandal—
She, who as one of the most well-educated elites in Korea,
Had to disappear during forced labor into the desert of a faraway country’s place of exile,
As a ticket examiner of a tannery,
A hand at a cooperative farm, a laborer in a textile factory?
She, who was betrayed by both her motherland and the revolution—
What is erased from history,
What is erased from truth may not be her,
But we who are living in a halved country—
All of us, who inhabit a prison without bars,
Unable to imagine ideological independence,
Within the empire of patriarchs,
Within the empire of capital, the empire of nuclear powers.
In 1989, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Acknowledged that the charge of being Japanese spies
Leveled against Koreyeva Ju Se-juk
And her second husband, Kim Dan-ya, who was executed for the charge,
Were made falsely. And their honor was restored.
In 2007, the South Korean government, acknowledging her anti-Japanese struggles,
Conferred posthumous honors, awarding her the Order of Merit for National Foundation.
No official appreciation has been expressed
As yet in North Korea.
Although, through Son Seok-chun’s Koreyeva’s Tears and
Cho Sun-hee’s Three Women,
Ju Se-juk returned to us after a long detour,
Her loneliness will last for a long time
Within the eternal maze of love and revolution,
Will not dry for a long time.
세계사의 격랑 속을 살며
몇 번이나 독립해야 했지
함경남도 함흥 고래등 같은 집안으로부터
예술가의 길로부터도 독립해야 했지
한국 근대 최초의 여성해방론자
한국 근대 최초의 여성사회주의자 그룹의 핵심
모든 봉건적 관념과 질서와 예속
모든 제국의 지배로부터 독립해야 했지
모스크바로 다시 상해로 다시 모스크바로
그는 혁명을 위해 어느 때고
어떤 국경과도 이별해야 했고
네 살 어린 자식과 이별해야 했고
두 명의 남편과 이별해야 했고
세계 인민의 모국 코민테른과 함께하며
때론 조국으로부터도 독립해야 했지
피랍 직전 소련으로의 망명
그리곤 누명에 의한 숙청까지
긴 지하생활과 유배생활을 견뎌야 했지
항일여성운동단체 근우회 등과 함께했지
미제 간첩 박헌영의 아내였다는 까닭으로
신여성 트로이카, 맑스걸, 조선의 여자,
동방의 애인, 레이디 레닌 등으로 불려졌던
오늘도 혁명가로, 전사로 호명되지 않고
조선 최고의 미인으로, 누군가의 아내로, 스캔들로 소비되는
먼 이국의 유형지 사막에서 피혁공장 개찰원
협동농장 인부 방직공장 직공으로
강제노동을 하다 스러진 그는 누구일까
진실로부터 지워진 것은 그가 아니라
오늘도 반쪽짜리 조국에 살고 있는 우리 아닐까
자본의 제국 핵무력의 제국 안에서
어떤 사상적 독립도 상상하지 못하며
창살 없는 감옥을 사는 우리 모두 아닐까
그의 두 번째 남편으로 처형당했던 김단야의
일제 간첩 혐의가 누명이었음을 인정하고
2007년 대한민국은 그의 항일투쟁을 인정해
아직 그에 대한 공식 평가가 없다
주세죽은 긴 세월이 흘러 우리 곁으로 돌아왔지만
사랑과 혁명이라는 영원한 미로 속에서
그의 고독은 오래 지속될 것이며
오래도록 마르지 않을 것이다
* 코레예바 : ‘조선의 여자’라는 뜻으로 박헌영이 모스크바 망명 당시 부인이었던 주세죽에게 붙여준 소련식 이름이다.
* “Koreyeva” was the Russian-style nickname that Pak Hon Yong, her first husband, gave her while they were in exile together in the Soviet Union.
Translated by Seung-Hee Jeon (literary critic and translator, editor of Asia: A Magazine of Asian Literature)
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Next article최인걸Choe In-geol(I Sing Again the “Song of Praying for Death in Battle”)- Write by 도종환 Do Jongwhan
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