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{{Infobox civil conflict|title=Revolutions of 1989|side3=|partof=the [[Cold War]]|image=File:Thefalloftheberlinwall1989.JPG|caption=The fall of the [[Berlin Wall]] in November 1989|date=4 June 1989 – 26 December 1991 ({{age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=6|day1=4|year1=1989|month2=12|day2=26|year2 =1991}})|place=[[Central and Eastern Europe]]|coordinates=|causes=* [[Political repression]]
[[Αρχείο:USSR_Map_timeline.gif|μικρογραφία|Κινούμενος χάρτης που δείχνει την πτώση των κομμουνιστικών καθεστώτων στην Ανατολική Ευρώπη και την αποσύνθεση της Σοβιετικής Ένωσης, η οποία αργότερα οδήγησε σε κάποιες συγκρούσεις στον μετασοβιετικό χώρο]]
* [[Free and fair elections]]
* [[Recall election|Right to recall of elected officials]]
* [[Free markets]]|methods=[[Mass protest]]s [[Civil unrest]] [[Riot]]s|result=* End of the [[Soviet Union]] as a [[superpower]] and [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|its dissolution]], bringing the [[Cold War]] to an end
* Dissolution of [[Warsaw Pact]] and the [[Eastern Bloc]]
* [[New world order (politics)|New world order]] as the [[United States]] became the world's sole superpower [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1217752.stm "Country profile: United States of America"]. BBC News. Retrieved 11 March 2007.
* Formation of the [[Russian Federation]] and [[Post-Soviet states|14 other states]] from the former Soviet Union
* Dismantling of the [[command economies]] and [[privatization]] of state-owned industry
* Transfer of power to pro-[[capitalist]] governments in [[History of Poland (1945–1989)#Politics of the last years of the People's Republic and the transition period|Poland]], [[End of Communism in Hungary (1989)|Hungary]], [[Die Wende|East Germany]], [[Velvet Revolution|Czechoslovakia]], [[Romanian Revolution|Romania]], [[People's Republic of Bulgaria#End of the People's Republic|Bulgaria]], [[Mongolian Revolution of 1990|Mongolia]] and [[Fall of Communism in Albania|Albania]]
* [[Communists]] recast themselves into adherents of [[social democracy]] and [[democratic socialism]]
* [[German reunification|Reunification of Germany]]
* [[Yemeni unification|Unification of Yemen]]
* [[Dissolution of Czechoslovakia|Breakup]] of [[Czechoslovakia]]
* [[Breakup of Yugoslavia|Breakup]] of [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]] and the beginning of the [[Yugoslav Wars]]
* Scepticism about [[Communism]] all over the world associated with decreasing support for various Communist and left-wing parties, especially in Europe and Asia: collapse of Communism in [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan#The fall: 1989–1992|Afghanistan]], [[People's Republic of Angola|Angola]], [[People's Republic of Benin#Return to democracy|Benin]], [[People's Republic of the Congo#Transition|Congo-Brazzaville]], [[People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia#Failures and collapse|Ethiopia]], [[People's Republic of Mozambique|Mozambique]], [[Somali Rebellion|Somalia]] and [[South Yemen#Reforms and attempts for unification|Yemen]]
* The spread of [[Western culture]] and capitalism to previously sealed-off [[Communist state|Communist countries]], including [[Russia]] and [[Eastern Europe]]
* Expansion of the [[Internet]] in former Communist countries
* End of the [[Soviet–Afghan War]]
* [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989|Suppression]] of the [[Chinese democracy movement]]
* Beginning of the [[Special Period]] in [[Cuba]]|side1=Citizens of [[Eastern Bloc]] nations|side2=|leadfigures1=|leadfigures2=|leadfigures3=|howmany1=|howmany2=|howmany3=|casualties1=|casualties2=|casualties3=|injuries=|fatalities=|arrests=|detentions=|charged=|fined=|casualties_label=|notes=Also known as Fall of Communism, Fall of Stalinism, Collapse of Communism, Collapse of Socialism, Fall of Socialism, Autumn of Nations, Fall of Nations, European Spring}}
[[Αρχείο:USSR_Map_timeline.gif|μικρογραφία|An animated series of maps showing the fall of the Communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the [[disintegration of the Soviet Union]] which later leads to some conflicts in the post-Soviet space]]
Οι '''επαναστάσεις του 1989''' αποτέλεσαν μέρος ενός επαναστατικού κύματος στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του 1980 και στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 1990 που οδήγησε στο τέλος της κομμουνιστικής κυριαρχίας στην [[Κεντρική Ευρώπη|Κεντρική]] και [[Ανατολική Ευρώπη]] και πέραν αυτής. Η περίοδος αποκαλείται μερικές φορές '''Φθινόπωρο των Εθνών''', {{cite book|title=Sociology in Europe: In Search of Identity|first1=Birgitta|last1=Nedelmann|first2=Piotr|last2=Sztompka|publisher=Walter de Gruyter|isbn=978-3-11-013845-0|date=1 January 1993|pages=1–|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOqTuIDuuMMC&pg=PA1}}  {{cite book|title=From the Polish Underground: Selections from Krytyka, 1978–1993|first1=Michael|last1=Bernhard|first2=Henryk|last2=Szlajfer|publisher=Penn State Press|isbn=0-271-04427-6|date=1 November 2010|pages=221–|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YE29dvVxvdgC&pg=PA221}}  {{cite book|title=Cinema of Silvio Soldini: Dream, Image, Voyage|first=Bernadette|last=Luciano|publisher=Troubador|isbn=978-1-906510-24-4|year=2008|pages=77–|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eBdKQYm4tyYC&pg=PA77}}  {{cite book|title=Political Science as Puzzle Solving|first=Bernard|last=Grofman|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=0-472-08723-1|year=2001|pages=85–|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SuIZ0wkeTmIC&pg=PA85}}  {{cite book|title=Spreading Democracy and the Rule of Law?: The Impact of EU Enlargemente for the Rule of Law, Democracy and Constitutionalism in Post-Communist Legal Orders|first1=Wojciech|last1=Sadurski|first2=Adam|last2=Czarnota|publisher=Springer|isbn=978-1-4020-3842-6|date=30 July 2006|pages=285–|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_c9HAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA285|first3=Martin|last3=Krygier}}  ένα παιχνίδι με τον όρο Άνοιξη των Εθνών που μερικές φορές χρησιμοποιείται για να περιγράψει τις [[επαναστάσεις του 1848]].
{{Reflist}}[[Αρχείο:USSR_Map_timeline.gif|μικρογραφία|An animated series of maps showing the fall of the Communist regimes in Eastern Europe and the [[disintegration of the Soviet Union]] which later leads to some conflicts in the post-Soviet space]]