en en lt en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en de en en en en en en en en ca en en en en en en en en fi en en en en en en en lt en en en en en en en en de en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en en de en en en en en ru de en en en en en et en
Low-Carbon Communities between Vision and Implementation The Case of Borg Al Arab | Nady | Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development
Dr. Riham Nady Lecturer, Department of Architectural Engineering Pharos University in Alexandria Egypt rihamnady@hotmail.com
Email this article (Login required)
Email the author (Login required)
All Authors Title Abstract Index terms Full Text
Low-Carbon Communities between Vision and Implementation The Case of Borg Al Arab
Several cities are facing the problem of running-out of fossil fuels and are contributed to an estimated 70% of the world’s energy-related greenhouse gases (GHGs). Consequently, there is a tremendous need for low-carbon communities which will lead to more livable, efficient and ultimately sustainable cities. Furthermore, well-planned and designed communities can effectively provide the basic human needs and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. Some communities have developed strategies to reach net zero-carbon future by reducing demands for energy and supplying the remaining demands with renewable resources.
In the meantime, Egyptian cities face the problem of greenhouse gases and the lack of energy and water. Therefore, passive, energy efficient and energy offset design are needed. This can be achieved through sustainable transportation systems and the shift to efficient management of water and waste.
The paper discusses the problem of climate change and its relation with communities. It investigates examples of communities that have focused on reducing their carbon emissions in different parts of the world. Also, it examines some of the most important aspects of design strategies that help to implement low-carbon communities and how could they be achieved in the Egyptian context (Borg Al Arab-Alexandria).
The aim of the paper is to highlight certain cities that demonstrate a deeper understanding of what a low-carbon community is and how to achieve it through reducing energy demand and providing the best options for passive design and renewable energy supply in the Egyptian communities to become self-contained in terms of energy.
energy-efficient; grenhouse gases; low-carbon communties; renwable energy sustaianbilty
S. Dhar, M. Pathak, and P.R.Shukla, “Promoting Low Transport in India. Low Carbon City: A guidebook for City Planners and Practitioners”, UNEP Centre of Energy, Denmark, August 2013.
W.Chandler, R. Schaeffer, and Z. Dadi, “Climate Change Mitigation in Developing Countries”, Prepared for the Pew Center on Global climate Change, October 2002.
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), “Climate Change Mitigation: What do we do?”, Australia, 2008.
United Nations Human Settlements Programme, “Planning Sustainable Cities: Global Report on Human Settlements”, London, Earthscan Publishing, 2009.
M. Arezou, “The desert city as an ancient living example of ecocity.Case study: Yazd”, Published in Ecocity World Summit 2008. 7th International Ecocity Conference. 22-23 April 2008, San Francisco, United States, 2008.
J.Steel, “An Architecture for People: The Complete works of Hassan Fathy”, London, Wihtney Library of Design, 1997.
N. Carlisle, O. Geet, and S. Pless, “Definition of a “Net Zero Energy” Community”, National Renewable energy Laboratory (NREL), Colorado, November 2009.
M. Xameerah, (June 2008), “Eco-towns: Living in a greener future”, Department for Communities and Local Government, http://www.raeng.org.uk/societygov/policy/responses/pdf/Eco_Towns_consultation.pdf
Energy Efficiency in the Construction Section in the Mediterranean (MED-ENEC), (October 2013), “Energy Efficiency Urban Planning Guidelines for MENA Region”, http://www.google.com.eg/url?sa=
S. Seeling, “A master plan for low carbon and resilient housing: The 35ha area in Hashtgerd New Town, Iran”, Cities, Volume 28, Issue 16, pp. 545-556, December 2011.
Z. Bromberek, “Ecoresorts: Planning and Design for Tropics”, New York, Architectural Press, 2009.
P. Gaffron, G. Huismans and F. Skala, “Ecocity Book I: A better Place to Live”, Vienna, Facultas Verlags, 2005.
P. Rode and R. Burdett, “Cities: Investing energy and resource efficiency”, In United Nations Environment Programme, Towards a Green Economy: Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Education, United Nations Environment Programme, pp.453-492, 2011.
H. Stiftung, “Urban Futures 2030: Urban Development and Lifestyles of the Future”, Publication Series on Ecology, Volume 5, January 2011.
K. Sakamoto, H. Dalkmann and D. Palmer, “A Paradigm Shift towards Sustainable Low- Carbon Transport”, Institute for Transportation and Development Policy, New York, August 2010.
P. Sassi, “Strategies for Sustainable Architecture”, Oxford, Taylor and Francis Group, 2006.
Department for Communities and Local Government, “Eco-towns: Living in a greener future”, 2008.
A. Kwok and W. Grondzik, “The Green Studio Handbook: Environmental strategies for schematic design”, Oxford, Architectural Press, 2007.
M. Guzowski, “Towards Zero-energy Architecture: New Solar Design”, London, Laurence king Publisher, 2010.
H. Fraker, “The Hidden Potential of Sustainable Neighborhoods: Lessons from Low-Carbon Communities”, Washington, Island Press, 2013.
Z. Grant, (December 2009), “Developing Energy Efficient and Zero Carbon Strategies for EcoTowns: Eco-towns Energy Worksheet”, Town and Country Planning Association, London, http;//www.tcpa.org.uk/data/files/etws_energy.pdf