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Bosnian literature, the artistic literature of the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is shaped by four cultural contexts and their languages: Bosniak-Muslim, Serbian-Orthodox, Croatian-Catholic, Jewish-Sephardic. Since the beginning of the 1990s, v. a. the Bosniak component has been worked up and accentuated more strongly.
In the interwar period, narration was the most prolific genre. Enduring works created here, among other things. Andrić, I. Samokovlija (subtle prose of the Bosnian Sephardim), Ahmed Muradbegović (* 1898, † 1972), Hamza Humo (* 1895, † 1970)and B. Ćopić.
After the outbreak of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1992, which led to the emigration of numerous authors (D. Karahasan, Tontić, etc.), young and committed authors who – even if they live and work in different countries in the region – spoke up. Participate in the cultural syncretism of Bosnia and Herzegovina and therefore not necessarily belong to just one of the national literatures: Alma Lazarevska (* 1957), Semezdin Mehmedonović (* 1960), Nedad Veličković (* 1962), Aleksandar Hemon (* 1964) and Miljenko Jergović (* 1969). Her artistically demanding works, which not only reflect the events of the war, met with widespread interest abroad.
Bosniaks, Bosnians, own name Bošnjaci, Names for the South Slav Muslims in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as war refugees also in the rest of Europe and in the USA, about 3 million; Today the term Bosnian or Bosanci is primarily used to refer to all residents of Bosnia and Herzegovina, so besides Bosniaks it also includes Serbs, Croats and members of ethnic minorities. – The Bosniaks are descendants of the Slavic population group who converted to Islam after the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia (1463) and Herzegovina (1482/83), primarily from the nobility and upper class, later farmers and urban classes (middle of the 17th century already more than 66% of the population). In the constant threat to the Ottoman border region, the Bosniaks were able to who the (initially only formal) Islamization was facilitated by their opposition to the Catholic (papacy) and Byzantine (Eastern Orthodox) Church, their distinct independence in culture (literature, including Bosnian epics; folk culture, customs) or oriental-Turkish ways of life (Housing, clothing, dance, music) to preserve and develop; not a few achieved important positions in the Ottoman service. After first, failed attempts by the administration of Austria-Hungary between 1878 and 1908 and 1918 and the reprisals against the Bosniaks and Croats by Serbian Četnici in the Croatian Ustaša state (1941-45), the Bosniaks were officially recognized as an ethnic group with their own nationality within 1963/68 Yugoslavia (“Bosnian Muslim” or “Bosniak nation” as “buffer nation”). In the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–95), the Bosniaks were the main victims of displacement, flight and crimes against the civilian population (especially in the battles around Sarajevo and in the Muslim enclaves of Bihać, Goražde and Srebrenica).