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Introduction: the oral implantology is a defiance to the modern odontology, it offer satisfactory result, aesthetic and functional extremely to the patients, to have present the discernment and diagnostic protocols is a fundamental requirements to know and interpret the mechanic and biologic failure that can be present.
Objective: To establish some possible causes for mechanical and biologic complications on the rehabilitation with oral implants, also to describes some preventive strategies for the planning stage, treatments and the later maintenance period to achieve a long-term success with dental implants.
Material and Methods: had been describe for different authors the basic cause of the failure in oral implantology, by means of mistakes during different established protocols, such as inappropriate selection of the patients, don't respect to the maxillary and mandible biology, trauma during oral surgery and inappropriate prosthesis rehabilitation, in general way. We made a review of the literature about failure in the design, numbers, longitude, diameters, and biologic place where the implant will be placed, the planning of the future dentures also, overload, biomechanics occlusion, and the distribution of the oclusal load.
Development: to be established the essential premises that determine failure in the dentals implant, during planning and patients selection, in the surgical and prosthetic stages, in the laboratory and maintenance phases.
Conclusions: in dental implants the professional preoccupation not should be only about planning and treatment, should be extensive to control and maintenance of them, to detect primary complications, to make interventions in the necessary moments, and to obtain long-term and success with dental implants rehabilitation.
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