en sv fi en en en en ru cs da ar es sv ro el fa fr nl hu tr zh de pl fi vi ko it hbs_lat da th ja pt da da da sv de da fi en de sv da sv en da da da da da da eo da en da de eo en sv en en fr en en en en en en en es da it da en en es da en en da da en sv en en da da nl da da da it it da da da da nl pl en nl de en en en en en en en en en en en en en en tr en en en da da da da da da da en en en en en la en en en en en da da da da da da en fr da
Boronization of Titanium Alloys :: Total Materia Article
Institutter og den akademiske verden
Deep Drawable Steels: Part One
Thermo-Mechanical Treatment (TMT) of Non-Ferrous Alloys: Part One
DataPLUS er et supplerende data modul som leverer korrosions data, materiale samlings information, materiale dimensioner og tolerancer og belægnings informationer for tusinder af metalliske og ikke-metalliske materialer.
Klik her for at se mere.
Overview of Total Materia database 12th January 2022
Total Materia har ved at give os en bestemt metode tilladt os at løse alle problemerne vi havde med søgning af alternative materialer i udlandet. Takket være Total Materia har vi udstedt virkelige "internationale" specifikationer for køb af stål i fremmede lande.
Total Materia er fortsat det eneste værktøj, der vil blive brugt til dette formål.
Bonfiglioli Industrial Gearmotors, Bologna, Italia
Vores mission er simpel;
at gøre Total Materia
til det eneste destination og
første valg for ingeniører
Prof. Dr. Viktor Pocajt, CEO
Key to Metals AG
Boronization of Titanium Alloys
Boronizing is a surface treatment by which boron atoms are diffused into te surface of te metal in quantities exceeding te solubility limit.
Hardness is improved and thus wear resistance increased as well as a number of other advantages such as corrosion and oxidization resistance.
Metallic parts, tools and equipment are exposed to several effects due to their running conditions. These effects are stress, impact, fluctuating stress, friction, corrosion and combinations of these phenomena. Metallic components must be more resistant to these effects so that they may continue to be in service for a long time. Surface properties, besides with te properties of te overall material, have a great importance in parts that are exposed to friction, wear, corrosion and oxidation in both low and high temperature conditions.
Thus, te improvement of te surface properties of metallic components has become an important subject in last decades. Boronizing is one of te treatments that are carried out to improve te surface properties of steels. Te term boronizing is used to describe te diffusion of boron atoms into te surface of metal objects in a quantity exceeding te solubility limit, so that metal boride is formed.
Boronizing can be applied to many metals including all ferrous alloys, titanium alloys, nickel alloys, cobalt alloys, refractory metal (chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten and zirconium) alloys, etc. Some non-metals like cemented carbides can also be boronized. Copper cannot be boronized since copper atoms act as a barrier preventing te absorption of te diffusing boron atoms. Boronizing gets faster as te purity of te substrate increases, i.e. there is a small amount of alloying elements in te substrate. Further, alloying elements affect te thickness and te morphology of te boride layer.
During boronizing, called also boriding, te surface layer of material is saturated with boron. Te process is performed in solid, liquid or gaseous medium and is applicable to any ferrous material as well as to alloys of Ni, Co or Ti. In case of steel it is carried out at temperatures between 840 and 1050°C for up to 10 h creating borides FeB and Fe2B, which have a needle-like structure and hardness reaching 2000 HV.
In addition to improving wear resistance, boronizing enhances also te corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance at temperatures of up to 850°C. Te main disadvantage of boronizing is te brittleness of te compound layer, especially te FeB phase.
Boronizing is applicable to titanium alloys and a pack process at 950°C creates a compact, uniform layer composed of TiB2 and TiB compounds. Also, boronizing of pure nickel in powder-pack at 850-950°C for up to 8 h creates te 237 µm thick surface layer composed of Ni2B, Ni5Si2 and N2Si phases with a hardness exceeding 980 HV. Te laser boronizing of nodular iron increases hardness five times and produces te fine-crystalline, homogeneous structure of iron borides. Te commercial boronizing TitancoteTMB generates a diffusion layer of complex borides with a thickness of 10-200 µm and hardness of 1600-1800 HV with applications in tooling, oil, gas or general components. In addition to titanium, also other refractory metals such as tantalum, niobium, tungsten and also cobalt-chromium alloys benefit from boronizing. One of many advantages is increasing te surface strength without negatively affecting a biocompatibility.
In te paper of T.Popela and D.Vojtĕch is analysed te boride layers on Ti-46Al, Ti-46Al-8Nb and Ti-46Al-8Ta alloys by powder-pack boronizing technique. Te process of boronizing was optimized concerning setting of te temperature and duration of boronizing and te composition of boride powder as well.
Figure 1: Optical micrographs of boronized layers on te Ti-6Al-4V alloy boronized at: (a) 950°C and (b) 1150°C for 12 hours.
As can see in te Figure 1a after treatment a boride layer on te sample was created. However, this layer was very heterogeneous and had insufficient thickness to fully protect te base metal. It is generally known that increase of te boronizing temperature speed up te diffusion of boron into te metal and, therefore, leads to formation of thicker boride layer. Based on this knowledge, another boronizing treatment was tried with temperature of 1150°C and time 12 hours. Te result can be seen in te Figure 1b. In this case, te layer is sufficiently thick and homogeneously covers te whole metal specimen.
1. F. E. Şeşen, Ö. S. Özgen: A study on electrothermochemical boronizing of an IF steel, Accessed Nov 2017;
2. F.Czerwinski: Thermochemical Treatments of Metals, Chapter 5, INTECH, 2012, Accessed Nov 2017;
3. T.Popela, D.Vojtěch: Boronizing of te last generation TiAl intermetallics, METAL 2012, 23. - 25. 5. 2012, Brno, Czech Republic, EU.
Skriv en sætning for at søge efter:
Finding titanium materials in te Total Materia database
Te Total Materia database contains many thousands of titanium materials across a large range of countries and standards.
Where available, full property information can be viewed for materials including chemical composition, mechanical properties, physical properties, advanced property data and much more.
Using te Advanced Search page, define te search criteria by selecting ‘Titanium’ in te Group of Materials pop-up list. It maybe that you need to further narrow te search criteria by using te other fields in te Advanced Search page e.g. Country/Standard.
A list of materials will then be generated for you to choose from.
After clicking a material from te resulting list, a list of subgroups derived from standard specifications appears.
From here it is possible to view specific property data for te selected material and also to view similar and equivalent materials in our powerful cross reference tables.
Click on te property data link of interest to you to view specific property data.
For you’re a chance to take a test drive of te Total Materia database, we invite you to join a community of over 150,000 registered users through te Total Materia Free Demo.
© 2022 Key to Metals AG. Alle Rettigheder Forbeholdes