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Spangold Alloys :: Total Materia Article
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Spangold alloys are a relatively recent discovery and find their place as an exciting progression with regards to their aesthetic characteristics, particularly in te jewelry manufacturing sector.
Te effect is generated by inducing a surface martensitic-type phase transformation to take place, thus dispersing light to cause a pleasing aesthetic effect.
Most gold alloys in current commercial use contain additions of copper, silver and zinc. Spangold is a family of specially shaped memory-effect alloys in 18 and 23 carat gold that, on heat treatment, give rise to a multicolored spangled surface which is shown to produce te best aesthetic effect on large flat or curved surfaces.
This spangle arises from a rumpling of te surface caused by a change in crystal structure, but te effect is due to more than a simple surface reaction. It goes throughout te bulk alloy and is a reversible effect. Available in yellow and pink shades in both wrought and cast forms, it offers an exciting new effect that cannot be simulated by conventional treatments to te jewelry surface.
Figure 1 shows a highly magnified picture of te effect—an array of needle-shaped surface rumples that give te spangle effect. As a relatively new finding, this kind of material is only now being taken up by designers and manufacturers, albeit in a limited way.
Spangold is a B-phase alloy with a nominal stoichiometry of Au7Cu5Al4 and a nominal composition of 76% Au, 18% Cu, 6% Al by mass. Au7Cu5Al4 alloy is a decoration alloy, which shows fine surface corrugation at room temperature, hence its name, "Spangold".
Figure 1: Microstructure of Au7Cu5Al4 alloy
Te texture is caused by inducing a martensitic-type phase transformation to take place within a sample with a polished surface. Transformations of this type are characterized by considerable crystallographic shear and deformation, which causes a previously flat surface to become faceted. Te facets then disperse incident light to cause a pleasing aesthetic effect (Figure 2).
Figure 2: Te textured effect produced by a martensitic transformation on te planar surface of a Spangold ‘tension bangle’ is evident in te reflected image of te ring
Spangold is offset against conventional 18 carat gold, as well as a variety of other finishes such as red-ivory wood, rhodium-plating and precious stones. Te vivid and stark contrast of te Spangold finish is an eloquent testimony to te attractiveness of these gold alloys.
Te characterization of suitable transformation features led to te successful development of prototype Spangold alloys. In addition to exploiting their novel finish, te use of te prototype Spangold alloys in jewelry also realizes te practical application of structural gold base compounds.
Apart from their decorative qualities, te Spangold alloys based on intermetallic com- pounds can exhibit a number of other salient features pertinent to their application in jewelry. These include density, luster, castabilty, and wear-resistance. These gold compounds possess a wide and novel range of properties and are likely to enjoy continued interest.
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