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SOCIALISTISK BIBLIOTEK Progressive Online Library
Te Danish Labour Movement and Marxism 1885-1920
PFLP – “Mod imperialisme, zionisme og arabiske reaktionære”
Fireburn – Har vi glemt Danmarks største arbejderopstand?
H.C. Andersen – i en progressiv vinkel
Se også på Socialistisk Bibliotek:
Emnelisten: Irak-krigens ofre – striden om tal
Tidslinjen: 15. februar 2003, om globale demonstrationer mod Irak krigen.
Tidslinjen: 18. marts 2003, om maleraktion mod dansk deltagelse i Irak-krigen.
Tidslinjen: 21. marts 2003, om Folketingets beslutning om dansk deltagelse i Irak krigen.
Denne emneliste indeholder artikler og sites imod besættelsen af Irak og den bagvedliggende amerikanske udenrigspolitiske strategi.
En række sites og artikler fra emnelisten Nej til krig mod Irak (Tidsskriftcentret.dk, 2002; online på Internet Archive) kan bruges som baggrund for besættelsen.
De sites fra antikrigs-bevægelsen, der dækker besættelsen, er ikke alle angivet igen i denne emneliste.
This webliography contains articles and web-sites against te occupation of Iraq and te US security strategy behind te war and occupation.
A number af both web-sites and articles from our webliography No to War Against Iraq (Tidsskriftcentret.dk; online at Internet Archive) are relevant as background to te occupation. Those web-sites covering te present developement are not all listed in this webliography.
See also te webliography 9-11: Imperialism and Terror after September 11th.
Jørgen Lund & Bjarne A. Frandsen
Dispositions of U.S. and allied forces in Iraq, as reported in a Pentagon press briefing of April 30, 2004. Public Domain. Kilde: Wikimedia Commons.
Den danske deltagelse i Irak-krigen, 2003-2007. Af Søren Riis (10. oktober 2012). Med links.
Irak-krigen. Af Malene Fenger-Grøndahl (13. februar 2009, 27 sider; ajourført december 2016). Betalingssite, som er gratis tilgængelig enten på dit lokale bibliotek eller på din hjemme-pc efter tilmelding på biblioteket.
Iraqi tanks assigned to te Iraqi Army 9th Mechanized Division drive through a checkpoint near Forward Operating Base Camp Taji, Iraq. Photo: Taken on 18 May 2006 by U.S. Navy photo by Photographer’s Mate 1st Class Michael Larson (RELEASED). Public Domain. Kilde: Wikimedia Commons.D)
Serie af Omar Dhahir, som oprindeligt bragt som kapitel 7 i bogen Irak – er freden brudt ud?, redigeret af Michael Hertoft (Klim, 2003, s.83-112):
Iraks historie: Fugl Fønix (23. maj 2006)
“Irakerne har erfaringer med besættelse, krig, belejring, sanktioner, sult og død i årtusinder. De bliver gang på gang koloniseret, frataget deres rettigheder og rigdomme, undertrykt, tortureret og knust, men aldrig besejret.”
Iraks historie: briterne, islam og demokratiet (24. maj 2006)
“Anden del af Omar Dhahirs grundige gennemgang af Iraks historie, helt frem til USA`s militære besættelse af landet i 2003.”
Iraks historie: Baath-partiet (26. maj 2006)
“I føljetonen om Iraks historie er vi i dag nået til den periode, hvor Baath-partiet kommer til magten.”
Iraks historie: Saddam Hussein (27. maj 2006)
“I vores føljeton om Iraks historie er vi i dag nået til perioden, hvor Saddam Hussein kommer til magten.”
Sven Tarp: Verdens folk i kamp mod Det Fjerde Rige: krigens årsager og fredens perspektiver (pdf) (Forlaget Arbejderen, 2003, 86 s.; online at Internet Archive)
“De officielle begrundelser for krigen mod Irak er kun til pynt for at narre de troskyldige. I denne pjece analyseres de virkelige årsager til krigen ved hjælp af omfattende dokumentation fra USA’s officielle kilder.”
Tema: USAs strategier for opretholdelsen af verdensherredømmet (pdf) (nr. 88, forår 2006, 36 s.; online på Internet Archive)
“Demos har de sidste tre år afholdt en række møder med fokus på krigen i Irak. Det sidste møde (september 2005), omhandlede bl.a. USAs forsøg på at opretholde verdensherredømmet, dets undertrykkelsesmetoder historisk og aktuelt samt det økonomiske kaos i Irak. Vi har samlet nogle af indlæggene fra mødet, som vi bringer her i Nyhedsbrevet.”
Tema: Den nye amerikanske verdensorden (pdf) (nr. 77, vinter 2003, 20 s.; online på Internet Archive)
“Den 25. oktober afholdt Foreningen Demos et debatmøde om den nye verdensorden med fokus på USA som førende supermagt … Vi vil i dette nummer af Nyhedsbrevet bringe de indlæg, som blev holdt på mødet.”
Te lies of te war – te war of te lies (pdf) (Fredsakademiet, Second edition, February 2004, 89 p.)
Gå på opdagelse i de 391.832 rapporter (23. oktober 2010)
“Ekstra Bladets gennemgang af WikiLeaks nye lækage viser, at Irak-krigen er langt mere blodig end det hidtil har været dokumenteret.”
2002-03 – B 118 (oversigt): Forslag til folketingsbeslutning om dansk militær deltagelse i en multinational indsats i Irak (18.-20. marts 2003)
2002-03 – B 165 (oversigt): Forslag til folketingsbeslutning om dansk militær deltagelse i en multinational sikringsstyrke i Irak (6.-15. maj 2003)
Pressemøde den 21. marts vedr. Irak: Statsministerens indledende bemærkninger (Statsministeriet; online på Internet Archive)
Situations- og trusselsvurderinger for Irak (9. maj 2007; online på Internet Archive)
“Fire år efter Saddam Husseins fald fortsætter bestræbelserne på at opbygge en ny irakisk stat under ledelse af den demokratisk valgte regering og med støtte fra koalitionen. Situationen har udviklet sig til borgerkrig, hvor irakerne kæmper om territorier, ressourcer og politisk magt, og landet er præget af opløsning og udbredt kaos.”
Grundlovskomiteen af 2003 vedr. Irak-krigen
“Komiteen udgør det organisatoriske bagland bag 26 personer, der i 2005 anlagde sag mod statsminister Anders Fogh Rasmussen med påstand om grundlovsbrud i forbindelse med Danmarks deltagelse i Irak-krigen.”
“Grundlovskomiteen [opløst marts 2010], men vi har valgt at lade denne webside ligge på nettet nogle år, som det dokument om retssagen den er.”
Den nye krigsdiskurs – grundlovsbrud, Akademia og Højesteret (pdf). Af Nils Bredsdorff og Jørgen Vogelius (Skriftserie fra Roskilde Universitetsbibliotek, nr.53, maj 2010, 35 s.). Tillæg med Højesterets dom af 17. marts 2010.
Emne: Irak-kommissionen (2014- )
War Logs: Data fra de lækkede krigsrapporter fra Wikileaks.org (oktober 2010)
“Information har haft forhånds-adgang til 391.832 lækkede dokumenter fra Irak-krigen. Vi bringer en række afsløringer med særlig fokus på Danmarks rolle, baseret på en detaljeret gennemtrawling af de mange tusinde dokumenter.”
Se også: Te War Logs: Sådan har vi gjort (22. oktober 2010)
Charlotte Aagaard: Danske jurister: Irak-krigen var ulovlig (28. januar 2010)
“En lang række topjurister mener, at Danmarks deltagelse i Irak-krigen var ulovlig og opfordrer regeringen til at iværksætte en uvildig Irak-undersøgelse. Mindst 83 folketingsmedlemmer bakker op.” I bunden af artiklen: Fakta: De vigtigste afsløringer.
Jørgen Steen Nielsen: Ved vejs ende (13. august 2007)
“Efter 1.600 dages deltagelse i besættelsen af Irak er den landbaserede danske militærmission afsluttet. Tilbage står ikke blot et land i blodigt kaos, men også et dystert og belastende katalog af fortielser, forfalskninger fejlvurderinger, folkeretsbrud og forfærdende naivitet. Der er et ansvar, der nu må placeres og et stykke nutidshistorie, der skal blotlægges.”
Preben Wilhjelm: Irakkrigen og den fremtidige verdensorden (20. marts 2004)
“De falske begrundelser [for Irak-krigen] … er selvsagt også utroligt vigtige, men der er også andre aspekter, som er fuldt så væsentlige: … Hvor stor en risiko var man parat til at løbe, frem for at lade våbeninspektørerne gøre arbejdet færdigt? Hvad er de folkeretlige konsekvenser af Bush-doktrinen og af omgåelsen af Sikkerhedsrådet?” Essayet er også udgivet i udvidet udgave som pjece (Fredsfonden, marts 2004, 54 sider; online på Internet Archive WayBackMachine).
Preben Wilhjelm: ‘En samling forbrydere’. Interview ved Jørgen Steen Nielsen (28. jan. 2005)
“Havde den internationale retsorden virket, skulle Anders Fogh og Per Stig Møller være udleveret til retsforfølgelse.”
Charlotte Aagaard: Jurister angriber krigsgrundlaget (18. okt. 2003)
“Danmark gik i krig på et ulovligt grundlag. Det konkluderer et nyt speciale fra Københavns Universitet. Juraprofessor Ole Espersen bakker konklusionen op.”
Thomas Dyhrs speciale om regeringens juridiske grundlag: Just war in Iraq 2003 (pdf) (9. oktober 2003, 79 s.)
“Some legal problems jus ad bellum in international law derived from te US Government and coalition forces intervention in Iraq in March 2003”. ‘Just War in Iraq 2003’ is submitted on te 9th. of October 2003 for te Master of Law degree at te University of Copenhagen. Se også: Det juridiske grundlag for iværksættelse af militære forholdsregler mod Irak (Udenrigsministeriet, 18. marts 2003)]
Links til en større række artikler på dansk og engelsk (kronologisk).
Komiteen for et Frit Irak (KFI)
Stiftet 13. sept. 2003 for “at støtte det irakiske folks retfærdige kamp for et frit og uafhængigt Irak.”
Site med nyheder, analyse og dokumentation om krigen i Irak og Danmark som besættelsesmagt. Online på Internet Archive WayBackMachine.
Hvorfor gik Danmark i krig? – uvildig udredning af baggrunden for Danmarks militære engagement i Kosovo, Afghanistan og Irak. Bind 1-4. Af Rasmus Mariager og Anders Wivel (red.) (Krigsudredningen, 5. februar 2019, 396 + 596 + 672 + 367 sider; online på Krigsudredningen.ku.dk)
“Den 25. maj 2016 indgik et flertal i Folketinget en aftale om at iværksætte en uvildig udredning af det historiske forløb i forbindelse med Danmarks militære engagement i Kosovo, Irak og Afghanistan med henblik på at kortlægge baggrunden for de politiske beslutninger om dansk deltagelse og sikre en retvisende beskrivelse og læring for eftertiden.” Se også:
Bo Elkjær: Krigsudredning giver svar – men efterlader også huller i vores viden om Danmarks krig i Irak (Information.dk, 6. februar 2019).
Preben Wilhjelm: Vil S og R undgå en ny Irak-kommission? (Solidaritet.dk, 18. marts 2019). “… om nødvendigheden af en ny Irak-kommission, og hvorfor man kan frygte, at en sådan ikke bliver nedsat – selv hvis regeringsmagten skifter hænder.”
Stig Hjarvard, Nete Nørgaard Kristensen og Mark Ørsten: Mediernes dækning af invationen i Irak 2003 (Modinet working paper no. 13, 2004, 114 s.; online på Internet Archive)
“Den første større videnskabelige undersøgelse af danske mediers dækning af krigen i Irak, som dokumenterer: At krigen i høj grad blev dækket på kildernes præmisser – med fokus på de militære aspekter. .. At medierne skiftede fokus, da krigen startede. Begrundelserne for og modstanden mod krigen gled i baggrunden.”
Relaterede links til mere om Irak-rapporten, Pressemeddelelse (pdf), Medieomtale af rapporten mv.
Se også Stig Hjarvad: Mediernes Irak-krig (Ekko, april 2005)
A British C-130J Hercules aircraft launches defensive countermeasures prior to being te first coalition aircraft to land on te newly reopened military runway at Baghdad International Airport, 1 July 2003. Photo: Master Sergeant Robert R. Hargreaves Jr. Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.
Martin Lindblom: Søren Pind ville ‘afvæbne Saddam’ (2. oktober 2008)
“Søren Pind raser over Jens Rohdes udtalelser om, at baggrunden for Irak-krigen i realiteten handlede om Saddam Husseins påståede masseødelæggelsesvåben. Men Pind selv var en af dem, der krævede Saddam ‘afvæbnet’.”
Med en række citater fra danske og udenlandske politikere om Saddam Husseins ‘masseødelæggelsesvåben’.
Hans Erik Avlund Frandsen: Det nødvendige demokrati (24. marts 2008)
“Jørgen Bonde Jensen gør op med Thøger Seidenfaden, regeringen og USAs neokonservative.” Anmelderartikel af Jørgen Bonde Jensens bog: Politiken og krigspolitikken – et læserbrev (Forlaget Babette, 2007, 308 s.)
Ardeshir Mehrdad: Venstrefløjen og det irakiske spørgsmål (7. august 2006)
“Venstrefløjen må ikke svigte og overlade initiativet i modstandskampen til fundamentalisterne.” Tidligere bragt på Gaia (nr.52, sommer 2006).
Kenneth Haar: Fjendens fjende og antikrigsbevægelsen (25. marts 2005)
“Bevægelsen mod krigen i Irak må diskutere de regulære problemer i Irak. Ellers kan den ikke skabe et reelt pres for tilbagetrækning af tropperne.”
Kennet Haar: Irak: En parodi på demokrati (25. oktober 2004)
“Det suveræne Iraks’ vergangsregering og nationalforsamling er blevet miskrediteret på rekordtid. Den væbnede modstand er taget til, og USA’s Irak-projekt er i krise. Alligevel står USA’s nederlag næppe lige for døren.”
“Nej til krig  er et landsdækkende netværk, bestående af lokale fredsgrupper, politiske partier, organisationer og bevægelser.”
Sitet har en større samling links (Nyhedsbureauer, Alternative nyheder, Modstanden, Dræbte, sårede, omkostninger m.v.). Online på Internet Archive.
Nils Bredsdorff: Der er masser at komme efter (kronik 30. december 2009)
“En britisk undersøgelse af Irakkrigen belaster Tony Blair. Danmark har brug for tilsvarende afdækning.”
Alan Woods: Irak: fem år efter (1. april 2008)
“I løbet af de sidste fem år er terrorismen taget til ikke blot i Irak, men i hele den omgivende region. Hadet imod USA er blevet enormt forøget af besættelsesmagternes voldelige gerninger … Dermed har George W. Bush virket som den bedste rekrutteringsofficer for al-Qaeda.”
Felix Zorba og Roberto Sarti: Opstande og forræderi: en kort gennemgang af den irakiske venstrefløjs historie (26. maj 2003)
“Hovedformålet med denne artikel er at afsløre mediernes løgne og prøve at forklare den irakiske venstrefløjs historie, så de bedste aktivister kan lære ikke at gentage fortidens fejltagelser.”
Boris Gullev og Simon Vöge Hansen: It’s hammer time ok!: TV-avisen og Rapports dækning af Irakkrigen (pdf) (Speciale Rosilde Universitets Center, Institut for Journalistik, november 2004, 135 s.; online på Internet Archive WayBackMachine).
Undersøgelse af DR’s TV-avisen og svenske SVT1’s Rapport 15.-22. marts 2003.
Peter Kragelund: Hvem skal nu bestemme? (nr. 176, maj 2003; online på Internet Archive WayBackMachine)
“USA har flere forslag til kandidater – i modsætning til hinanden og til Iraks befolkning!”
Martin Hammer: Genopbygning, tyveri og privatisering (nr. 176, maj 2003; online på Internet Archive WayBackMachine)
“Den amerikanske besættelsesmagt i Irak har samme mål som WTO. Strategien ‘del og hersk’ er blevet afløst af ‘bomb og sælg’.”
David Bacon: Saddams arbejdslove lever i bedste velgående (nr.1, marts 2004, s.12-16; online på Internet Archive WayBackMachine)
“De fleste irakiske arbejdere håbede på, at Saddams fald ville medføre en ny frihed, der kunne sikre dem generobringen af tabte rettigheder. Blandt de vigtigste retten til uafhængige fagforeningen.”
Stop Terrorkrigen: Krigsmodstand på Nettet
Tema: Bush-doktrinen: Manifest for et verdensdiktatur
Oplæg, artikler og dokumenter på engelsk og dansk om National Security Strategy (2002) og Bushs State of te Union (2002)
Bush-doktrinen: Citater på dansk fra National Security Strategy
Se dokumentaren ’Krigskampagnen’ om Foghs beslutning om at gå i krig mod Irak. Af Bo Elkjær (Information.dk, 5. marts 2019). “‘Krigskampagnen’ viser, hvordan daværende statsminister Anders Fogh Rasmussen og VK-regeringen strammede oplysninger om Irakkrigen og dermed vildledte Folketinget og den danske befolkning.” (Bush, Blair og Fogh – Krigskampagnen. Instruktion Boris Benjamin Bertram, Magic Hour Films, 2013, 60 min.).
Foghs glemte krigstale (YouTube, 29/09/2001, 8 min.)
“21. marts 2003 trådte Danmark ind i Irakkrigen. Femten minutter efter det var besluttet i Folketinget, gik Fogh på talerstolen i Statsministeriet for at fortælle danskerne hvorfor vi skulle i krig … Og denne tale indeholder alle de masseødelæggelsesvåben han siden har benægtet var en del af begrundelsen for vores deltagelse.” Se også Jakob v. H. Holtermann: Foghs glemte tale (pdf) (Weekendavisen, 28. september 2007; online på Internet Archive)
U.S. Army and Iraqi soldiers cross an intersection during a routine security patrol in downtown Tal Afar, Iraq, on Sept. 11, 2005. Iraqi army security forces, with assistance from te 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment, are providing security for te region of Tal Afar in order to disrupt insurgent safe havens and to clear weapons cache sights in te area of operation. Photo: Petty Officer 1st Class Alan D. Monyelle, U.S. Navy. Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.
Wikipedia, te free encyclopedia
2003 invasion of Iraq
Protests against te Iraq War
Michael Schwartz: Contradictions of te Iraqi resistance: Guerilla war vs. terrorism (Issue 120, January-February 2006)
“Te contradictions are irreconcilable. In te end, either te jihadists will prevail, thus reducing te guerrilla movement to irrelevance, or te guerrillas will prevail by eliminating te jihadists as a force within te Iraqi resistance.”
Michael Schwartz: Iraq: Guerrilla war in Sadr City (Issue 114, January-February 2005)
“Te al-Mahdi army – te military arm of te Sadrist Movement that has dominated te area’s politics for te past quarter century – has become te most important of all te insurgent groups, and a close look how it operates in its home base yields some startling conclusions about te trajectory of te struggle for control of Iraq.”
Torie Rose Deghett: Te war photo no one would publish (August 8, 2014)
“When Kenneth Jarecke photographed an Iraqi man burned alive, he thought it would change te way Americans saw te Gulf War. But te media wouldn’t run te picture.”
Alistair Cartwright: Fuel on te Fire: Oil and Politics in Occupied Iraq (15 June 2011). Review of Greg Muttitt’s book (Te Bodley Head, 2011)
“Fuel on te Fire is a history of te struggle for Iraq’s oil which began with te 2003 war and where despite overwhelming military and economic might, te US has failed to impose its designs.”
Focus on te Global South
Dossier: Silent war: te US’ ideological and economic occupation of Iraq (pdf) (January 2005, 60 p.)
“This selection of articles focuses on te US’ ideological and economic occupation of Iraq: a form of occupation that may well outlast its military presence. Using its own agencies such as USAID and foundations such as te National Endowment for Democracy, or by sub-contracting to private companies like te Research Triangle Institute, te US has systematically set about promoting its own model of liberal democracy.”
War and occupation in Iraq (June 2007, 117 p.)
“This report considers many aspects of te conflict, with special emphasis on te US Coalition’s responsibilities under international law. It also considers political and economic issues in Iraq and argues for urgent change, including a speedy withdrawal of Coalition forces.”
In Defence of Marxism
Benjamin Curry: Communism and te Iraqi Revolution. Part 1-3 (9-19 July 2016)
“This article goes to te roots of te revolutionary history of te Iraqi people which is far from te barbarism which it is often labelled with by te bourgeois media today.”
Roberto Sarti: Te Iraqi communist tradition is still alive (June 23, 2003)
“As te US discusses te future of Iraq with its friends and allies from all over te world, te opposition movement to US occupation is growing and within this te old Communist traditions are once again beginning to take root. It is not just Islamic fundamentalism that is growing in post-war Iraq.”
Felix Zorba and Roberto Sarti: Uprising and betrayals: a brief history of te left in Iraq (April 29, 2003)
“Te main purpose of this article is to expose te lies of te media and to understand te history of te Iraqi Left, in order to help te best activists not to repeat te mistakes of te past.”
Te Institute for Policy Studies
Phyllis Bennis and Erik Leaver: Te Iraq quagmire: Te mounting costs of war and te case for bringing home te troops (August 31, 2005, 98 p.)
“This report is te most comprehensive accounting of te mounting costs and consequences of te Iraq War on te United States, Iraq, and te world. Among its major findings are stark figures that quantify te continuing of costs since te Iraqi elections, a period that te Bush administration claimed would be characterized by a reduction in te human and economic costs.”
Phil Marfleet: Iraq: what happened next… (Issue 161, Winter 2019, p.83-105)
“Rather than a stable base for US interests, Iraq is highly volatile—its politicians te focus of mass hostility, its youth insistent on societal change.”
Anne Alexander: Te tragedy of Iraq’s Communists (Issue 120, Autumn 2008, p.188-191). Review of Te Rise and Fall of te Communist Party of Iraq, by Tareq Ismael (Cambridge University Press, 2007)
‘Iraq is not a communal war’ (Issue 114, Spring 2007, p.15-26)
“Sami Ramadani, an Iraqi exile based in Britain, spoke to International Socialism about te situation in te country after four years of occupation.”
Resistance and sectarianism in Iraq (Issue 109, Winter 2006, p.57-68)
“If you are to believe te media, Iraq is on te verge of a sectarian civil war. Exiled activists Sami Ramadani and Haifa Zangana challenge te cliches, and talk about what is happening on te ground.”
Anne Alexander and Simon Assaf: Te elections and te resistance in Iraq (Issue 106, Spring 2005, p.12-23)
“Te positive gloss on te elections hides deepening problems for te occupation. Te resistance has not lost its mass support.”
Anne Alexander and Simon Assaf: Iraq: Te rise of te resistance (Issue 105, Winter 2005, p.3-41)
“‘Iraq – te new Vietnam’ is now a cliché. But te lies and misinformation about te resistance abound, even on te left. Anne Alexander and Simon Assaf challenge these, and provide te fullest account of its rise to have appeared anywhere yet. They coclude that it is a movement for national liberation that deserves te support of anti-imperialists everwhere.”
Anne Alexander: Daring for victory: Iraq in revolution 1946-1959 (Issue 99, Summer 2003, p.83-102)
“Te Iraqi people are portrayed on our TV screens as victims – first of Saddam Hussein, then of US and UK bombs. Anne Alexander reveals te mass movements that shook Iraq in te 1940s and te 1950s, when millions of workers and peasants rose up against imperialism.”
Alex Callinicos: Te grand strategy of te American empire (Issue 97, Winter 2002, p.3-38)
“.. what are te strategic and economic motives that are driving this new policy of te Bush administration? And does te US have te unparalleled economic strength that can support such a renewed imperial drive? These are issues that it its critical for te anti-war movement to understand.”
Michael Schwartz: Te state of struggle in Iraq (Issue 78, July-August 2011)
“After six years of military carnage unmatched by any of te (many) violent crises in te last two decades, te situation in Iraq has ‘settled’ into a multiplex struggle over its role in te world system, its role in te Middle East, and its role answering te needs of its citizens.”
Beyond te surge in Iraq: Where is te U.S. occupation headed? (Issue 62, November–December 2008)
“Ashley Smith looks behind te hype about success in Iraq.”
Ashley Smith: Anatomy of an imperial war crime: Te invasion and occupation of Iraq (Issue 55, November–December 2007)
“This failed war was not simply cooked up by Bush and a cabal of crazy right-wingers, though they played a role in ensuring its failure. It was te logical outcome of U.S. policy in te Middle East, and it had te backing of te American establishment. Te establishment, however, realizes along with te rest of te population that Bush has failed, and is concerned chiefly with finding a way out of te quagmire that does not undermine U.S. interests in te Middle East or its international standing as te dominant world power.”
A conversation with David Bacon: Iraqi workers have seized this moment (Issue 33, January–February 2004)
“David Bacon – a labor journalist and photographer based in Southern California – traveled to Iraq in October as part of a U.S. Labor Against te War delegation. He found a war-torn country with mass unemployment and little evidence of reconstruction. He also found a newly-emerging movement of workers and te unemployed that is increasingly at odds with te U.S. occupying powers.”
Nicole Colson: Occupation and resistance in Iraq (Issue 31, September–October 2003)
“Te rise of te resistance to te U.S. occupation should be welcomed, for two reasons. One, because te Iraqis have a fundamental right to self-determination, and two, because increasing resistance helps to thwart Washington’s plans in Iraq and elsewhere.”
Rania Masri: Te corporate invasion of Iraq (Issue 30, July–August 2003)
“There are numerous ways to examine this occupation of Iraq: through te lens of military occupation and drive for empire; te racism that allows te dehumanization of people; or te driving force of increased corporate power. All are accurate. Te first two angles have been discussed thoroughly; corporate power–and its influences on foreign and domestic people–needs to be brought further into te discussion of Iraq.”
Paul D’Amato: Te occupation of Iraq (Issue 29, May-June 2003)
“Te U.S. will likely find some way to establish some semblance of order in Iraq at least temporarily–but it has already encountered strong resistance, and that resistance will grow, spelling disaster for te occupation in te long run. Te U.S. believes that there are no political forces in te Middle East that can successfully challenge its imperial agenda in te region. And in te short term, they may be right. Maybe. And only in te short term.”
Te Iraqi Debacle (Issue 385, January 2007). Gilbert Achcar interviewed by Stephen R. Shalom and Chris Spannos.
“Te great majority of Iraqis see that te very presence of te (US and other) foreign troops is fueling te deterioration of te situation: it has fueled te growth of te insurgency for a long time, and now it is fueling te civil war itself.”
See also: Index Iraq
Iraq Study Group Report
James A. Baker, III, and Lee H. Hamilton, Co-Chairs (December 6, 2006, 160 p.). See Wikipedia.org
Martin Thomas: Te US ruling-class debate on Iraq (Workers Liberty, 1 January, 2007)
“Te Baker report is valuable mainly as an index of te bewilderment and impasse in US ruling-class circles.”
Michael Schwartz: Why withdrawal is unmentionable (AlterNet, December 14, 2006)
“Pulling out of Iraq would be an imperially momentous decision. It would mean te abandonment of more than two decades of American foreign policy in te Middle East.”
John Bellamy Foster: Te Iraq Study Group Report: Has te Empire really failed? (MR Online, December 12, 2006)
“From te standpoint of powerful vested interests in te United States, te Iraq War may still be seen as worth te costs. Oil after all is more valuable than blood, especially te blood of others (including te innocent).”
Michael Schwartz: Te myth of more: Te two crucial fallacies of Bush Administration policy in Iraq (TomDispatch, December 6, 2006)
“In fact, te American invasion and occupation of Iraq have visited a series of plagues on both te Iraqi and te American people – and on te world as a whole; and these plagues will have no hope of amelioration until te U.S. military genuinely withdraws from that country or is expelled.”
Michael Schwartz and Richard Lachmann: 9/11 was a disaster for te people of Iraq (September 11, 2021)
“Te Bush administration was already planning to invade Iraq before 9/11, but te attacks supplied te necessary pretext. Te catastrophic war that followed turned Iraq into an ungovernable wasteland.”
Janan Aljabiri: Everything you need to know about te protests in Iraq (December 6, 2019)
“Te protest movement convulsing Iraq is a heroic revolt powered by unemployed, precarious, and informal workers. Their aim is to overturn te entire political system, which has produced nothing but violence and poverty for te vast majority of Iraqis.”
Joseph E. Stiglitz and Linda Bilmes: Te economic costs of te Iraq war: An appraisal three years after te beginning of te conflict (National Bureau of Economic Research/Working Paper, February 2006, 38 p.; online at Internet Arvhive)
“In this paper, we attempt to provide a range of estimates for what those costs have been, and are likely to be. Even taking a conservative approach, we have been surprised at how large they are. We can state, with some degree of confidence, that they exceed a trillion dollars.”
Joseph Stiglitz and Linda Bilmes: Cost of occupation in Iraq: $3 trillion estimate was too low (AlterNet, April 8, 2008; online at Internet Archive)
“Notwithstanding Bush’s response, our original estimate of te cost of te Iraq war was too conservative: in reality, it will be much higher.”
Joseph Stiglitz and Linda Bilmes: Te three trillion dollar war (Alternet, February 25, 2008; online at Internet Archive).
“Te cost of te Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts have grown to staggering proportions.”
Te three trillion dollar war: Nobel Laureate Joseph Stiglitz and Harvard Economist Linda Bilmes on te true cost of te US invasion and occupation of Iraq (Democracy Now! February 29, 2008)
Iraq War Protesters in Parliament Square. 01/07/08. Photo: Ijanderson977. Public Domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.
Nikolai Lanine: Invasion – a comparison of Soviet and Western media performence (November 20, 2007)
“Nikolai Lanine served with te Soviet Army during its 1979-1989 occupation of Afghanistan, but now lives and works as a peace activist in Canada. Lanine has spent several years trawling through Soviet-era newspaper archives comparing te propaganda of that time with modern Western media performance.”
Catastrophe and consequence. By te Editors (June 13, 2014)
“We offer here a selection of articles from our archives that shed light on te deeper roots of Iraq’s ongoing civil strife.”
From te Editors (Issue 266, Spring 2013)
“It may indeed be self-evident that te United States invaded Iraq in 2003, as te former Federal Reserve chairman [Alan Greenspan] says, because of oil. But what does this proposition mean? Te answer is not so obvious.”
Joost Hiltermann: Iraq: What remains (Issue 266, Spring 2013)
“What America left behind, what remains today, can barely be considered a nation.”
Christopher Parker and Pete W. Moore: Te war economy of Iraq (Issue 243, Summer 2007)
“War and profit have always gone hand in hand. In Iraq, as well, a ‘war economy’ is firmly rooted, yet it has gone largely unexamined in te stacks of books and articles dissecting Washington’s grandiose venture gone bad. Armed with ideological assumptions and economic quick fixes, US occupation officials pursued policies that, at a minimum, aggravated te severe social dislocation wrought by war, privatization and sanctions before 2003.”
John Bellamy Foster: Imperial America and war (Vol. 55, Nr. 1, May 2003)
“.. slightly revised version of te introduction to a collection of essays by Harry Magdoff, Imperialism without Colonies (Monthly Review Press, 2003) … As Magdoff argues, there is an essential oneness to economic, political, and military domination under capitalism. Those seeking to oppose te manifestations of imperialism must recognize that it is impossible to challenge any one of these effectively without calling into question all te others; and hence te entire system.”
Iraq 101. Compilled by Robert Dreyfuss and Dave Gilson (March/April 2007)
Contents: From Allawi to Zarqawi – Civil war : lost in transition – Te cost: paying te price – Aftermath: long-term thinking – Sources + Te Iraq effect: war has increased terrorism sevenfold worldwide. By Peter Bergen and Paul Cruickshank.
Theme: Iraq 7 years later (No.432, May 2010)
Post-invasion Iraq – te facts
“Twelve years of sanctions and seven years of occupation have taken their toll as Iraqis struggle with wrecked infrastructure and continuing insecurity.”
Alan Cafruny and Timothy Lehmann: Over te Horizon? (No.73, January-February 2012)
“Nine years on, what is te balance sheet of te Occupation? An accounting of imperial assets – oil contracts, weapons deals, hobbled client state – still in Washington’s pocket after te drawdown.”
Susan Watkins: Vichy on te Tigris (No.28, July-August 2004)
“With te now unanimous support of te ‘international community’, can Washington hope to recoup its gamble in Iraq? Prospects for te resistance and te Occupation, as te UN-approved government is hoisted into place.”
Tariq Ali: Re-colonizing Iraq (No.21, May-June 2003)
“Te American expedition to Baghdad, and world-wide reactions to te new imperium. From mass demonstrations against te war to te diplomatic hypocrisies colluding with it. Te UN as framework of blockade and intervention yesterday, and mask of reconstruction tomorrow.”
Iraq Symposium (No.39, Summer 2005, p.21-41)
“An exchange [9 articles] on te politics of te U.S. occupation, te Iraqi resistance, and te antiwar movement.”
Joanne Landy: Te U.S. occupation of Iraq: questions for te peace movement (No.36, Winter 2004, p.19-31)
“At te same time that te peace movement opposes war and te continued U.S. military presence in Iraq, it also needs to adress te question of how to respond to ruthless dictators like Saddam Hussein, to terrorism and to Islamic fundamentalism.”
Alan Johnson: Iraq and te Third Camp (No.35, Summer 2003, p.33-57)
“Nationalism per se will increasingly become te provenance of reactionary Islamist forces that will make their appeal to te Arab world on that basis, folding Iraqi nationalism into sectarian religious mould. Te only counterbalance to this is an Iraqi working class in motion.”
Barry Finger: Their regime change and ours (No.34, Winter 2003, p.5-15)
“Te critical questions for socialists, indeed for consistent democrats, are regime change by whom and for whom. A peace movement that stands for peace and only for peace – one that disassociates itself from te cause of freedom and satisfies itself with juggling te status quo – invariably sows te seeds of its own later isolation and disillusionment.”
Julius Jacobsson: On liberal and left responses to Bush’s war on democracy (No.33, Summer 2002, p.5-31)
“Unfortunately, much of te left has failed miserably; some, reeling and disoriented by te horror of 9/11, joined pro-war liberals in contributing their intellectual skills to justifying te war in Afghanistan. On te other hand, many resisted a war of imperial design but failed to meet their elementary moral and political obligations to resoundingly condemn te hijackers and their fundamentalist mentors and trainers, to prove to te nation that they, too, mourn te victims and are in solidarity with te bereaved. Below, I detail my grievance against a flawed section of te anti-war left.”
United we RAPE. Cartoon made 6 May 2004 by Carlos Latuff (1968–), Brazilian- cartoonist, artist, painter and freelancer. Source site says “Copyright-free artwork by Brazilian cartoonist Latuff”. Source: Wikimedia Commons.
Rising to te humanitarian challenge in Iraq (pdf) (Briefing Paper, No. 105, July 30, 2007, 40 p.)
“While horrific violence dominates te lives of millions of ordinary people inside Iraq, another kind of crisis, also due to te impact of war, has been slowly unfolding. Up to eight million people are now in need of emergency assistance. This figure includes: four million people who are ‘food-insecure and in dire need of different types of humanitarian assistance’, more than two million displaced people inside Iraq, over two million Iraqis in neighbouring countries, mainly Syria and Jordan, making this te fastest-growing refugee crisis in te world.”
David Bacon: Saddam’s labor laws live on (December 2003; online at Global Policy Forum)
“For Iraqi workers, te signal could not be clearer: Te overthrow of Saddam did not bring liberation.” Te article in Danish: Saddams arbejdslove lever i bedste velgående (Solidaritet, nr. 1, marts 2004, side 12-16; online på Internet Archive)
Thomas J. Nagy: Te secret behind te sanctions: how te U.S. intentionally destroyed Iraq’s water supply (September 2001; online at Global Policy Forum)
“For more than ten years, te United States has deliberately pursued a policy of destroying te water treatment system of Iraq, knowing full well te cost in Iraqi lives. Te United Nations has estimated that more than 500,000 Iraqi children have died as a result of sanctions, and that 5,000 Iraqi children continue to die every month for this reason.”
Vivek Chibber: American militarism and te US political establisment: Te real lessons of te invasion of Iraq (2009)
“Te American invasion of Iraq has been a catastrophe of epic proportions for te Iraqi population … But it has also been a significant disaster for Bush and American global power more generally.”
Sami Ramadani: Iraq’s occupation goes on, but with new cloaks (No. 351, October 2010)
“Some in te media apologised for te uncritical way they peddled official policy and lies on Iraq, designed to justify te invasion and occupation of te country. In marginalising te news about te true state of affairs in Iraq today their role is no less damaging.”
Apocalypse now: One year of occupation and resistance in Iraq (No.283, March 2004):
Iraq: a year to remember, by Lindsey German
“A year since te invasion of Iraq and te government is still in a state of crisis. Lindsey German, convenor of te Stop te War Coalition, analyses why.”
Iraq: casualties of war, by Andrew Stone
“Te costs of te occupation keep rising – and te ‘blood price’ is being paid by Iraqi civilians.”
Iraq: te BBC at war, by Colin Sparks
“Te resignations at te BBC following te Hutton report caused a storm. Colin Sparks looks at te role of public broadcasting in a time of crisis.”
Iraq: their word is not enough, by David Shayler
“Ex-MI5 whistleblower David Shayler exposes te abuse of intelligence to justify war.”
Iraq: ‘let’s call this occupation’, by Robert Fisk, Amy Goodman (No.276, July 2003)
“Award winning Independent journalist Robert Fisk reported from Baghdad during te recent war in Iraq. In a rare interview he speaks to Amy Goodman about te growing resistance to US and British forces.”
Sami Ramadani: Who represents Iraqi workers? (Issue 1925, 30 October 2004) + Full text of open letter about IFTU (Issue 1925, 22 October 2004)
“Te Iraqi Federation of Trade Unions (IFTU) leadership appears to have succeeded in convincing some union leaders in Britain that it is a staunch opponent of te occupation. Alas, this self projected image is false.”
See also response below by Workers Liberty.
How should we understand Iraq’s crisis? (June 16, 2014)
“Michael Schwartz responds to te mainstream media analysis of te conflict in Iraq that it has largely ignored until now.”
Did te U.S. leave behind a civil war in Iraq? (January 17, 2012)
“Ashley Smith looks at te nightmarish conditions that te U.S. has left behind after te withdrawal of military forces from Iraq late last year.”
Why te U.S. failed in Iraq (November 21, 2011)
“Michael Schwartz is te author of War Without End: Te Iraq War in Context and a regular writer at websites such as TomDispatch.com. He talked with Ashley Smith about te Obama administration’s announcement that all U.S. troops would be withdrawn from Iraq by December 31, 2011, and about what this means for U.S. policy in te Middle East.”
Te Obama doctrine in Iraq (July 22, 2009)
“Te mainstream media accepted without question te Pentagon’s claim that it was beginning te withdrawal of U.S. troops from Iraq by pulling out of te cities, but te reality is far different. Michael Schwartz talked to Ashley Smith about te latest developments in Iraq and they mean for te future.”
Featured articles: Washington’s war on Iraq
“SW Online’s ongoing coverage and analysis.”
Special Issue: Resistance: In te eye of te American hegemon. Edited by Gilles d’Aymery and Jan Baughman (February 2, 2004)
Contents: Introduction read – Imperialism through te ages – Marketing te war – Te human price of ‘Democracy’ – Conquer, divide, and profit – American fallout – Te future: Rrsistance and cooperation.
Target Iraq: What te news media didn’t tell you (pdf)
By Norman Solomon and Reese Erlich. Introduction by Howard Zinn, afterword by Sean Penn (New York, Context Books, 2003, 188 p.; online at Coldtype.net)
“This book exposes te myths and lies behind te invasion.”
Who represents Iraqi workers? A response to Sami Ramadani (9 March, 2005)
“A response to a widely-circulated letter by Iraqi exile leftist Sami Ramadani about te Iraqi Federation of Trade Unions, and te text of te original letter.”
See also Sections: Te war of 2003 and its aftermath.
World Socialist Web Site
Joseph Kishore: Te reality of te Iraq War (21 December 2011)
“Te departure of te last ‘combat’ troops from Iraq by no means marks an end to te US intervention in te country. It does, however, offer an opportunity to take te measure of one of te greatest crimes of te modern period.”
Bill Van Auken: Te US war and occupation of Iraq – te murder of a society, Part 1-3 (19 May + 21 May + 22 May 2007)
“Its purpose is to examine a series of recent reports establishing te immense scale of death, destruction and oppression that have been wrought by te US occupation of Iraq, now in its fifth year. Taken together, these reports confirm that US operations in Iraq have amounted to sociocide – te deliberate and systematic murder of an entire society.”
Joseph Kay and Alex Lefebvre: Te diplomacy of imperialism: Iraq and US foreign policy:
Part one: Monarchical Iraq and te growth of social antagonisms (12 March 2004)
Part two: Te Iraqi nationalist movements, te permanent revolution, and te Cold War (13 March 2004)
Part three: Te Iraqi Baath Party, from its origins to political power (16 March 2004)
Part four: Iraq in te 1970s and te beginning of te Iran-Iraq War (17 March 2004)
Part five: Donald Rumsfeld and te Washington-Saddam Hussein connection (19 March 2004)
Part six: Reagan administration deepens ties with Hussein (24 march 2004)
Part seven: US financial assistance for Hussein in te 1980s (26 March 2004)
Part eight: Te end of te Iran-Iraq war (29 March 2004)
Part nine: American policy after te Iran-Iraq war (2 April 2004).
Jean Shaoul: Imperialism and Iraq: lessons from te past, 1-3 (29-31 May 2003)
“It is instructive to examine this earlier period and te role te imperialist powers played in shaping te political, economic and social conditions in Iraq.”
World War 4 Report
Bill Weinberg: Iraq’s civil resistance: Te secular left opposition stands up (Issue 141, January 2008)
“There is still little awareness in te US about Iraq’s civil resistance. Te dichotomized vision of occupation-vs-Islamist insurgents infects te mainstream as well as te anti-war forces.”
“George Walker Bush – For crimes against humanity and te planet – Wanted Dead”. Photo from mural taken November 2007 by tristanski. (CC BY 2.0). Source: Wikimedia Commons.
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